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1

Copenhaver, Allen, and Richard Tewksbury. "Predicting state police officer alcohol consumption and use of tobacco." International Journal of Police Science & Management 20, no. 3 (September 2018): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461355718793667.

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Criminal justice research has well documented the fact that law enforcement officers experience a significant amount of stress. Research also suggests law enforcement officers use tobacco (which is not healthy at any rate) and alcohol at rates exceeding those of other populations. Although several studies have documented the above across a wide variety of law enforcement populations, research has not previously explored the extent to which state police officers use tobacco and alcohol. Because no studies explore state law enforcement officer use of tobacco and alcohol, no studies exist that id
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2

Brennan, Iain R. "In Vino Silentium? Individual, Situational, and Alcohol-Related Factors in Reporting Violence to the Police." Violence and Victims 26, no. 2 (2011): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.26.2.191.

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This study identifies the individual, situational, and alcohol-related factors associated with reporting violent victimization to the police. Factors positively associated with reporting included older age and incident severity (the assailant’s use of a weapon, incurring injury that required attendance at an emergency department). Factors negatively associated with reporting included higher educational qualifications, assault in the nighttime economy (NTE), and drinking more than two alcoholic drinks immediately prior to victimization. It is possible that drinkers engage in “moratorium” on rep
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3

Hall, Wayne, Ernest Hunter, and Randolph Spargo. "Alcohol Use and Incarceration in a Police Lockup among Aboriginals in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 27, no. 1 (June 1994): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589402700109.

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Data from a general population survey of a stratified random sample of 516 Aboriginal men and women over the age of 15 years in the Kimberley region of Western Australia were used to estimate patterns of incarceration in police lockups and their relationship to self-reported alcohol consumption. Participants in the survey were asked about their lifetime experience of incarceration in police cells, and about their frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption. Estimates of the population risk of incarceration indicated that 81% of Kimberley Aboriginal men, and 37% of Kimberley Aboriginal women
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4

Rossow, Ingeborg, Trygve Ugland, and Bergljot Baklien. "Use of research in local alcohol policy-making." Drugs and Alcohol Today 15, no. 4 (December 7, 2015): 192–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dat-05-2015-0022.

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Purpose – On-premise trading hours are generally decided at the local level. The purpose of this paper is to identify relevant advocacy coalitions and to assess to what extent and how these coalitions used research in the alcohol policy-making process concerning changes in on-premise trading hours in Norway. Design/methodology/approach – Theory-driven content analyses were conducted, applying data from city council documents (24 Norwegian cities) and Norwegian newspaper articles and broadcast interviews (n=138) in 2011-2012. Findings – Two advocacy coalitions with conflicting views and values
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5

Chopko, Brian A., Patrick A. Palmieri, and Richard E. Adams. "Associations Between Police Stress and Alcohol Use: Implications for Practice." Journal of Loss and Trauma 18, no. 5 (March 18, 2013): 482–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2012.719340.

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6

Denis, Céline, and Patrick Chariot. "Alcohol and substance use among arrestees examined in police custody." Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 23 (March 2014): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2014.01.016.

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7

Smith, Nina, Jim Harper, Ché Smith, and Deja Young. "Don't shoot!: State-wide police shootings, adolescent risk-taking behaviors, and the historic influence of wealth." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 7 (August 2, 2020): 640–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.77.8653.

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The present study uses Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory as a framework for understanding the influence of state-wide fatal police shootings and wealth on a host of adolescent risk-taking behaviors (i.e. sexual risk taking, tobacco use, drug use, alcohol use, and suicide risk). Using data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, associations were tested among black and white adolescents from five states (N=13,314). State-wide police shootings were positively associated with drug use, alcohol use, and suicide risk among black adolescents. In contrast, state-wide police shootings, alone, we
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8

Hall, C. A., K. Votova, D. Eramian, S. MacDonald, C. G. Heyd, and C. Sedgwick. "LO59: Police use of force and subsequent emergency department assessment-mental health concerns are the driving force behind ED use and choice of transport mode." CJEM 19, S1 (May 2017): S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2017.121.

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Introduction: We examined persons transported to hospital after police use of force to determine whether Emergency Department (ED) assessment and/or mode of transport could be predicted. Methods: A multi-site prospective consecutive cohort study of police use of force with data on ED assessment for individuals ≥18 yrs was conducted over 36 months (Jan 2010-Dec 2012) in 4 cities in Canada. Police, EMS and hospital data were linked by study ID. Stepwise logistic regression examined the relationship between the police call for service and subject characteristics on subsequent ED assessment and mo
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9

Ostrowsky, Michael K. "Sports Fans, Alcohol Use, and Violent Behavior: A Sociological Review." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 19, no. 4 (August 31, 2016): 406–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838016663937.

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This review makes four contributions to the sociological study of sports fans, alcohol use, and violent behavior. First, this article focuses explicitly on the relationship between alcohol use and violent behavior among sports fans. This is a worldwide social problem, yet it is quite understudied. Second, this article synthesizes the fragmented literature on alcohol use and violent behavior among sports fans. Third, this article identifies four broad sets of risk factors—sociocultural, event/venue, police, and crowd—that appear to be closely related to violent behavior among sports fans. Final
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10

Violanti, John M., James E. Slaven, Luenda E. Charles, Cecil M. Burchfiel, Michael E. Andrew, and Gregory G. Homish. "Police and Alcohol Use: A Descriptive Analysis and Associations with Stress Outcomes." American Journal of Criminal Justice 36, no. 4 (June 23, 2011): 344–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12103-011-9121-7.

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11

Costa, Sérgio Henrique Nascente, Luiz Carlos da Cunha, Maurício Yonamine, Liuba Laxor Pucci, Fernando Gomes Ferreira Oliveira, Camila Gabriela de Souza, Guilherme Alves Mesquita, et al. "Survey on the use of psychotropic drugs by twelve military police units in the municipalities of Goiânia and Aparecida de Goiânia, state of Goiás, Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 32, no. 4 (August 13, 2010): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462010005000023.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of psychotropic drug use among military police officers in the state of Goiás, Brazil. METHOD: Study carried out at twelve military police units located in the municipalities of Goiânia and Aparecida de Goiânia between March to October 2008. Volunteers (n = 221) were interviewed about drug use using a questionnaire especially designed by the Centro Brasileiro de Informações sobre Drogas Psicotrópicas (CEBRID). Descriptive statistics was used to determine the prevalence of licit and illicit drug use in the study sample. RESULTS: The frequency of use was di
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12

Ballucci, Dale, Mary Ann Campbell, and Carmen Gill. "Use of the ODARA by police officers for intimate partner violence: Implications for practice in the field." Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 5, no. 3 (September 29, 2020): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.150.

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Despite research demonstrating the validity of the Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment (ODARA) for appraising risk of subsequent intimate partner violence, gaps remain with regard to its actual use by police officers in the field. The primary goals of the current study were to assess the rate at which the ODARA was used by police officers for intimate partner violence (IPV) in the Canadian context and to identify factors associated with its use. The current study used 142 randomly selected police files meeting criteria for IPV from three police agencies in an Atlantic Canadian province, f
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13

Mignon, Sylvia I., and William M. Holmes. "Police Response to Mandatory Arrest Laws." Crime & Delinquency 41, no. 4 (October 1995): 430–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128795041004004.

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Mandatory arrest laws, although controversial, have gained support as one mechanism for reducing domestic violence. This research examines how police officers responded to mandatory arrest statutes. Twenty-four police departments produced data on interventions in 861 cases of domestic violence. Implementing a mandatory arrest law significantly increased arrests of offenders, especially those in violation of a restraining order. Arrest was affected by injury to the victim, use of a weapon, use of alcohol, and presence of a witness. Police training was crucial to the implementation of the mandat
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14

DAVEY, JEREMY D., PATRICIA L. OBST, and MARY C. SHEEHAN. "The use of AUDIT as a screening tool for alcohol use in the police work-place." Drug and Alcohol Review 19, no. 1 (March 2000): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09595230096147.

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15

Frances, R. J. "Patterns and Predictors of Alcohol Use in Male and Female Urban Police Officers." Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health 2012 (January 2012): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypsy.2011.07.053.

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16

Ballenger, James F., Suzanne R. Best, Thomas J. Metzler, David A. Wasserman, David C. Mohr, Akiva Liberman, Kevin Delucchi, et al. "Patterns and Predictors of Alcohol Use in Male and Female Urban Police Officers." American Journal on Addictions 20, no. 1 (November 8, 2010): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00092.x.

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17

Nepal, Smriti, Kypros Kypri, John Attia, Tanya Chikritzhs, and Peter G. Miller. "Indicators for estimating trends in alcohol-related assault: evaluation using police data from Queensland, Australia." Injury Prevention 25, no. 5 (January 31, 2019): 444–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042985.

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Monitoring levels of alcohol-related harm in populations requires indicators that are robust to extraneous influence. We investigated the validity of an indicator for police-attributed alcohol-related assault. We summarized offence records from Queensland Police, investigated patterns of missing data, and considered the utility of a surrogate for alcohol-related assault. Of 242 107 assaults from 2004–2014, in 35% of cases the drug used by the offender was recorded as ‘unknown’. Under various assumptions about non-random missingness the proportion of assaults judged to be alcohol-related varied
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18

Stockwell, Tim, Jane Buxton, Cameron Duff, David Marsh, Scott MacDonald, Warren Michelow, Krista Richard, et al. "The British Columbia Alcohol and other Drug Monitoring System: Overview and Early Progress." Contemporary Drug Problems 36, no. 3-4 (September 2009): 459–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090903600307.

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This pilot project is a province-wide and nationally=supported collaboration intended to add value to existing monitoring and surveillance exercises that currently exist and are being developed in Canada. The fundamental aim is to create a system that generates a timely flow of data on hazardous patterns of substance use and related harms so as to inform public debate, to support effective policy, and to facilitate policy-relevant epidemiological research. Pilot and feasibility exercises have been conducted in relation to developing consistent questions in surveys of general and special popula
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19

Hall, C. A., K. Votova, G. Randhawa, D. Andrusiek, A. Carter, S. MacDonald, and D. Eramian. "LO082: EMS response to police use of force events: periods of personal and professional risk in prehospital care." CJEM 18, S1 (May 2016): S58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2016.119.

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Introduction: This study provides an estimate of the number of EMS calls related to police use of force events that involve struggling, intoxicated and/or emotionally distressed patients. We hypothesized there would be under-reporting of EMS risk by paramedic agencies due to lack of standardized reporting of police events by EMS services and lack of a common linked case number between prehospital agencies in Canada. Methods: Data were collected during a multi-site, prospective, consecutive cohort study of police use of force in 4 Canadian cities using standardized data forms. Use of force was
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20

Yun, Ilhong, and Chang-Hun Lee. "Hazardous alcohol use among South Korean police officers: Examining predictions from general strain theory." International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 43, no. 2 (June 2015): 194–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2014.08.002.

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21

Ganesh, KS, AGV Naresh, and C. Bammigatti. "Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension Among Male Police Personnel in Urban Puducherry, India." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 12, no. 4 (October 19, 2015): 242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v12i4.13728.

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Background Hypertension is an important health issue among high risk occupation groups like police personnel.Objective To assess the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among male police personnel.Method This cross sectional study was conducted among male police personnel residing in urban Puducherry, India. Data on blood pressure (BP), anthropometric measurements, demographic factors, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, stress level, obesity and dietary factors were collected by interview technique using a standard questionnaire.Result About 296 police personnel were participa
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22

van Amsterdam, Jan G. C., Johannes G. Ramaekers, Robbert-Jan Verkes, Kim P. C. Kuypers, Anna E. Goudriaan, and Wim van den Brink. "Alcohol- and drug-related public violence in Europe." European Journal of Criminology 17, no. 6 (February 21, 2019): 806–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370819828324.

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This study summarizes the literature about alcohol- and drug-related public violence in Europe. The proportion of all public violent incidents linked to alcohol was about 50 percent in the UK and ranged from 26 percent to 43 percent in Germany, Austria and the Netherlands. Public violence related to drugs is much lower (1.5–18.0 percent). Relatively many public violent incidents occur in relation to nightlife (80 percent of alcohol-related incidents). Though a considerable proportion of public violence was alcohol or drug related, the actual use of such substances was rarely ascertained in per
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23

Pillon, Sandra Cristina, Beverley O'Brien, and Ketty Aracely Piedra Chavez. "The relationship between drugs use and risk behaviors in brazilian university students." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 13, spe2 (December 2005): 1169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692005000800011.

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The aim was to describe relationships between gender and drug use as well as risk behaviors that may be associated with drug use among first-year students at the University of São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is an anonymous survey that was used for this descriptive correlational study. It was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States. The sample (n=200) included (50%) males and (50%) females. Their ages ranged from 18 to 26 years. Results showed that more female than male students use alcohol and tobacco, but that the proba
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24

Sjogren, H., U. Bjornstig, and A. Eriksson. "Comparison between blood analysis and police assessment of drug and alcohol use by injured drivers." Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine 5, no. 1 (March 1998): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-1131(98)90020-7.

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25

Ménard, Kim S., and Michael L. Arter. "Police officer alcohol use and trauma symptoms: Associations with critical incidents, coping, and social stressors." International Journal of Stress Management 20, no. 1 (2013): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0031434.

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26

Sjögren, Harmeet, Ulf Björnstig, and Anders Eriksson. "Comparison between blood analysis and police assessment of drug and alcohol use by injured drivers." Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 25, no. 3 (September 1997): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/140349489702500312.

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27

Farmer, Clare, Ashlee Curtis, and Peter Miller. "The steady proliferation of Australia’s discretionary police-imposed patron banning powers: An unsubstantiated cycle of assertion and presumption." Criminology & Criminal Justice 18, no. 4 (September 27, 2017): 431–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895817733792.

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Patron banning in Australia embodies a range of exclusionary measures in response to alcohol-related disorder. Patrons can be banned from licensed venues, entertainment precincts or wider public areas. Banning mechanisms remove and exclude troublesome individuals and are presumed to deter them, and others, from engaging in further problematic behaviour. The use of exclusion reflects key assumptions in relation to alcohol-related disorderly behaviour and effective management of risks to which it may give rise. However, the rationale underpinning much of the banning-related legislative and opera
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28

Bergman, Hans, Beata Hubicka, and Hans Laurell. "Alcohol Problems and Blood Alcohol Concentration among Swedish Drivers Suspected of Driving under the Influence." Contemporary Drug Problems 32, no. 3 (September 2005): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090503200304.

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The purpose of the study was to map alcohol problems in relation to blood alcohol concentration in a large representative sample of male and female Swedish drivers suspected of drunk driving. Twenty-one hundred suspected DUI offenders (drivers suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol) were assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Information from the police regarding BAC, age, gender, and place and time of the stop was also collected. More than half (58%) of the suspected DUI offenders had alcohol problems, and among these 24% had high levels of alcohol p
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29

Reitzel, Lotte Ask, Niels Bjerre Holm, Kristian Linnet, and Irene Breum Müller. "A case story, involving the use of maltitol, a sugar alcohol, as a cutting agent in amphetamine and cocaine powders." Scandinavian Journal of Forensic Science 22, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjfs-2016-0001.

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Abstract In a criminal case involving cutting and resale of amphetamine and cocaine in the Copenhagen area of Denmark, maltitol was used as a cutting agent. The analysis of maltitol in seizures of pure diluents as well as in amphetamine and cocaine powders was carried out using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with high-resolution (HR) mass spectrometric detection. Maltitol was identified in four out of nine amphetamine samples and in five out of six cocaine samples from the case in question. The use of maltitol as a cutting agent was considered by the police as a s
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30

García-Echalar, Andrés, and Tomás Rau. "The Effects of Increasing Penalties in Drunk Driving Laws—Evidence from Chile." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 8103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218103.

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This paper analyzes Chile’s drunk driving laws and their effects on car crashes, injuries, and deaths. There were two policy changes. While the 2012 law increased license suspension penalties and decreased the legal blood alcohol limits for drivers, the 2014 law only increased sanctions, including at least one year of actual imprisonment for drunk driving implicated in car crashes with severe injury or death. We use a rich data set of countrywide administrative records that permit us to identify direct measures of alcohol-related accidents, including fatalities and injuries. We also have acces
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31

Guo, Zhan, and Zu Ming Xiao. "Design of System to Prevent Drunken Driving Based on GPSGSM Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 3873–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.3873.

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Against drunk driving, this paper puts forward a kind of design scheme of vehicular system to prevent drunk driving based on GPS/GSM technology. The system is at the core of a single chip processor with the use of the alcohol sensor to test the driver's alcohol concentration.alcohol sensor.If alcohol is beyond the limit, cars are banned running and drunk driving information will be sent to the traffic police command monitoring platform through the GPS/GSM technology. The system has the characteristics of integration, human nature, and intelligence.
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32

Westermann, Edward B. "Drinking Rituals, Masculinity, and Mass Murder in Nazi Germany." Central European History 51, no. 3 (September 2018): 367–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938918000663.

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AbstractDuring the Third Reich, alcohol served as both a literal and metaphorical lubricant for acts of violence and atrocity by the men of theSturmabteilung(SA), theSchutzstaffel(SS), and the police. Scholars have extensively documented its use and abuse on the part of the perpetrators. For the SA, the SS, and the police, the consumption of alcohol was part of a ritual that not only bound the perpetrators together, but also became a facilitator of acts of “performative masculinity”—a type of masculinity expressly linked to physical or sexual violence. In many respects, the relationship among
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33

Perez, Arlene de Maria, and Isabela Martins Benseñor. "Tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and common mental disorders among military students at the Police Academy, São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional study." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 133, no. 3 (June 2015): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2014.9102711.

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The lifestyle of military personnel has been little studied in Brazil. This study evaluated the frequencies of tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and mental health among military students.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Police Academy, in São Paulo.METHODS: Students answered a questionnaire about tobacco use, alcohol consumption, sexual behavior and common mental disorders (CMDs). To analyze associations among the frequencies of smoking and alcohol use, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and CMDs during the undergraduate years, we built a multino
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34

Meyer, R., S. Rothmann, and J. Pienaar. "Coping, stress and suicide ideation in the South African Police Service in the Eastern Cape." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 4 (November 15, 2003): 881–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i4.1527.

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The objective of this research is to determine the relationship between coping and stress on the one hand and suicide ideation among police members on the other. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The study population (N = 307) consisted of uniformed police members in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The COPE, Police Stress Inventory, Adult Suicide Ideation Questionnaire and a Biographical Questionnaire were used as measuring instruments. The results showed that passive coping strategies are related to suicide ideation. A discriminant analysis showed that suicide attempt, pass
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35

Jaworska-Dębska, Barbara. "The place and role of the Police in upbringing in sobriety and counteracting alcoholism." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Seria Prawnicza. Prawo 31 (2020): 76–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/znurprawo.2020.31.6.

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The Police as a uniformed service, functioning throughout the country, is established in order to take care of security and public order. The Police occupy a special place among other public administration bodies operating in this field. This place of the Police undoubtedly follows the fact that it functions on the basis of a general competence regulation in the scope of ensuring security and public order. Alcohol and its abuse, illegal consumption or illegal trade are one of the most common factors generating situations leading to breach of safety and order in many areas of public and private
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36

Hammer, Torild, and Hilde Pape. "Alcohol-Related Problems in Young People: How are Such Problems Linked to Gender, Drinking Levels, and Cannabis Use?" Journal of Drug Issues 27, no. 4 (October 1997): 713–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269702700403.

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This paper focuses on problems related to drinking, including interpersonal aggression, accidents and injuries, trouble with the police, and problems at school or work. The data stem from a representative, longitudinal survey of Norwegian youth aged 19 to 22 years at the first assessment and 25 to 28 at the last. Men reported more problems due to drinking, in both alcohol consumption and general problem proneness, than women. Furthermore, early age at first intoxication seemed to be a male-specific predictor of negative consequences of drinking. Cannabis users reported more alcohol-related pro
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37

Lee, Kang-Hoon, and Seung-Hyun LeLee. "A Study on the Effects of Demographic Factors on Alcohol Use Disorders in Maritime Police Officers." Korean Association of Maritime Police Science 8, no. 4 (November 30, 2018): 107–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30887/jkmps.2018.8.4.107.

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38

Newbury-Birch, Dorothy, Ruth McGovern, Jennifer Birch, Gillian O'Neill, Hannah Kaner, Arun Sondhi, and Kieran Lynch. "A rapid systematic review of what we know about alcohol use disorders and brief interventions in the criminal justice system." International Journal of Prisoner Health 12, no. 1 (March 14, 2016): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-08-2015-0024.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the evidence of alcohol use disorders within the different stages of the criminal justice system in the UK. Furthermore it reviewed the worldwide evidence of alcohol brief interventions in the various stages of the criminal justice system. Design/methodology/approach – A rapid systematic review of publications was conducted from the year 2000 to 2014 regarding the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the various stages of the criminal justice system. The second part of the work was a rapid review of effectiveness studies of interventions for a
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39

Astuti, Tri, and Pungky Dwi Putra Handoko. "Effect of Selection of Classification Features C4.5 Algorithm in Student Alcohol Consumption Dataset." IJIIS: International Journal of Informatics and Information Systems 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47738/ijiis.v1i1.20.

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Alcoholic beverages are psychoactive substances that are addictive. Psychoactive substances are a class of substances that work selectively, especially in the brain, which can cause changes in behavior, emotion, cognition, perception and awareness of one's and others. Police survey results in 2014 showed that users of narcotics and liquor. Most of the group of students, both junior, and senior student, which amounts to 70%, while only 20% of primary school graduates. In the modern era, especially in information technology, the need for information and the latest knowledge is multiplying. One o
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40

Gadd, David, Juliet Henderson, Polly Radcliffe, Danielle Stephens-Lewis, Amy Johnson, and Gail Gilchrist. "The Dynamics of Domestic Abuse and Drug and Alcohol Dependency." British Journal of Criminology 59, no. 5 (May 7, 2019): 1035–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azz011.

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Abstract This article elucidates the dynamics that occur in relationships where there have been both substance use and domestic abuse. It draws interpretively on in-depth qualitative interviews with male perpetrators and their current and former partners. These interviews were undertaken for the National Institute for Health Research-funded ADVANCE programme. The article’s analysis highlights the diverse ways in which domestic abuse by substance-using male partners is compounded for women who have never been substance dependent, women who have formerly been substance dependent and women who ar
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41

Tesch, Falko, and Lukas Hohendorf. "Do Changes in Bar Opening Hours Influence Violence in the Night? Evidence from 13 Bavarian Towns." Journal of Drug Issues 48, no. 2 (February 8, 2018): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022042617753146.

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Changes in opening hours for on-premise drinking places may influence the level of alcohol-related violence in two ways. The increased availability of alcohol increases the risks associated with it, while restrictive opening hours may produce more occasions for crime due to overcrowding at closing time. We use a quasi-experimental design with data from 13 Bavarian towns with and without restrictive opening hours and a negative binomial panel model. The outcome measure is violent incidents reported by the police between 2:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. over the period of 12 years. Incidents at night dis
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42

Parry, Charles, Andreas Plüddemann, and Arvin Bhana. "Monitoring Alcohol and Drug Abuse Trends in South Africa (1996–2006): Reflections on Treatment Demand Trends." Contemporary Drug Problems 36, no. 3-4 (September 2009): 685–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090903600319.

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This article describes the South African Community Epidemiology Network on Drug Use project, describes selected trends in treatment demand related to alcohol and other drug (AOD) use for a 10 year period, and reflects on the utility and impact of this initiative on policy and practice. Data are collected using a standardized data collection form from over 70 specialist AOD treatment centers in six sentinel sites in South Africa every 6 months. Data are also collected from police forensic records and community surveys. Treatment demand linked to methamphetamine use has increased substantially i
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43

Беженцев, Александр, and Aleksandr Bezhentsev. "The activities of health facilities to prevent the consumption by minors of alcoholic beverages and drugs: administrative aspect." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2019, no. 3 (October 15, 2019): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2019-3-165-172.

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The illegal distribution of alcohol, narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances is now recognized as one of the serious threats to national security, public health and the gene pool of the peoples living in it. The spread of alcohol and drugs among minors and the increase in related administrative offenses are of particular concern. The article scientifically deals with the administrative and legal and law enforcement problems of the organization and activities of health authorities and institutions on the prevention of the use by minors of alcoholic beverages, intoxicating substances and narc
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44

Magier, Megan J., Scott T. Leatherdale, Terrance J. Wade, and Karen A. Patte. "Disciplinary Approaches for Cannabis Use Policy Violations in Canadian Secondary Schools." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052472.

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The objective of this study was to examine the disciplinary approaches being used in secondary schools for student violations of school cannabis policies. Survey data from 134 Canadian secondary schools participating in the Cannabis use, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Alcohol use, Smoking, and Sedentary behaviour (COMPASS) study were used from the school year immediately following cannabis legalization in Canada (2018/19). Despite all schools reporting always/sometimes using a progressive discipline approach, punitive consequences (suspension, alert police) remain prevalent as firs
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45

Yushkevych, Olena. "Legislative lacunas in holding persons responsible for driving vehicles under the influence of alcohol." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-3-108-113.

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A general review of the legal framework for holding persons administratively responsible for driving vehicles under the influence of alcohol has been carried out. Lacunas in the current legislation on holding persons responsible for driving vehicles under the influence of alcohol have been identified. Thus, there is nowadays virtually no practice of drawing up re-ports on administrative offenses for transferring control of a vehicle to a person who is in a state of alcohol intoxication. The legislative alternative presupposing the police inspecting a vehicle on the scene using specialist equip
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46

Goldstick, Jason E., Allison B. Brenner, Robert I. Lipton, Ritesh Mistry, Sophie M. Aiyer, Thomas M. Reischl, and Marc A. Zimmerman. "A Spatial Analysis of Heterogeneity in the Link Between Alcohol Outlets and Assault Victimization: Differences Across Victim Subpopulations." Violence and Victims 30, no. 4 (2015): 649–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-13-00187.

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The positive association between alcohol outlet density and assault rates is well established, but little is known about how this association differs across victim subpopulations. We use spatial point process models on police data from Flint, Michigan, to test how the link between alcohol outlet density and assault rates changes as a function of three victim characteristics: age, gender, and race. We found that, although both on-premises and package outlet densities consistently emerge as risk factors for victimization, their relative effects are markedly larger in Whites than in African Ameri
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47

McCarthy, John D., Patrick Rafail, Clark McPhail, Andrew W. Martin, and Edward T. Walker. "Issueless Campus Riots: Toward a Structural Account of Disorderly Gatherings, 1997–2007." Social Forces 99, no. 2 (January 7, 2020): 870–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/soz164.

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Abstract Serious public disorders on or near US college and university campuses became common in the mid-1990s and have remained widespread. This research examines the structural conditions of campus communities where disorders are more likely to occur, drawing on findings from earlier work on racial disorders occurring in American cities during the 1960s. We propose several predictors of disorderly events, including concentrated student populations, alcohol availability, campus drinking behavior, and police behavior. We use a sample of 226 disorders occurring on the largest 274 campus communi
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48

DeJong, William. "A Short-Term Evaluation of Project Dare (Drug Abuse Resistance Education): Preliminary Indications of Effectiveness." Journal of Drug Education 17, no. 4 (December 1987): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/n2jc-9dxb-blfd-41ea.

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This short-term evaluation was designed to assess the impact of Project DARE (Drug Abuse Resistance Education), a joint project of the Los Angeles Police Department and the Los Angeles Unified School District, on the knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported behavior of seventh-grade children who received the full-semester DARE curriculum during sixth grade. Compared to a control group, students who had DARE training reported significantly lower use of alcohol, cigarettes, and other drugs since graduating from sixth grade. These findings were especially strong for boys. In response to questions
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49

Huff, Jessica, Michael D. White, and Scott H. Decker. "Organizational correlates of police deviance." Policing: An International Journal 41, no. 4 (August 13, 2018): 465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-08-2017-0092.

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PurposeMany examinations of police misconduct involve case study methodologies applied to a single agency, or a handful of agencies. Consequently, there is little evidence regarding the types of misconduct across agencies, or the impact of department-level characteristics on the nature and prevalence of officer deviance. The purpose of this paper is to address this research gap using statewide data of over 1,500 charges of police misconduct filed with the Arizona Peace Officer Standards and Training Board (AZPOST) from 2000 to 2011.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines variation in th
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Rix, Keith J. B. "‘Alcohol Intoxication’ or ‘Drunkenness’: Is There a Difference?" Medicine, Science and the Law 29, no. 2 (April 1989): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580248902900203.

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The terms ‘alcohol intoxication’ and ‘drunkenness' have hitherto been used interchangeably. A distinction between these terms is justified. Anthropological research suggests that the behaviour displayed by people who have consumed alcohol has more to do with culturally-determined expectations than with the properties of alcohol. Subjects who believe they have consumed alcohol when they have not behave more aggressively than those who believe that they have not consumed alcohol. There are significant false-positive and false-negative rates when doctors use clinical signs to judge whether or not
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