Tesis sobre el tema "Prefabricerad betong- och stålstomme"
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Lindgren, Aron y Daniel Larsson. "Våningspåbyggnad av miljonprogrammets flerbostadshus : Förutsättningar och kontroller för genomförandet av våningspåbyggnader". Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102010.
Texto completoDuring the so called ‘record years’ between 1961-1975 a total of 920,000 apartments were built in apartment buildings in Sweden. Today about 850.000 of these are still in use. The most common method of building during this period was by using prefabricated one-storey high façade units together with load-bearing interior cross walls and gable walls which were built on site. The purpose of this degree project is to find out if a storey extension on a reference-building from the so called ‘Million Programme’ with load-bearing interior cross walls is possible in order to create new apartments. If this is possible it would give an increase of income of rents to the owner of the apartment building and it could also contribute to an increase of variation in the area as regards both architecture and supply of apartments. This degree project gives information about what has to be checked and investigated before a storey extension project begins. This degree project compares and describes three different suggestions of structural construction systems for storey extensions. The alternatives dealt with are solid timber structural construction consisting of cross-laminated boards, a prefabricated concrete – and steel structural construction consisting of HD/F-elements and tube steel framing, and finally an alternative consisting of prefabricated building modules. The study of the structural construction and the load-bearing capacity of the existing building show that there is enough load-bearing capacity left to make use of. Performed checks investigate for example the load-bearing capacity of load-bearing walls, strip foundations as well as the existing loft floor. Checks are also performed with regard to the stability as the building is considered a stiff unit with a fictitious storey extension. The conclusion from this degree project is that a storey extension is fully possible on the reference-building. The alternative with a solid timber structural construction allows a fictitious storey extension with three additional storeys, which has been chosen as an example in this degree project. The alternative with the prefabricated concrete – and steel structural construction allows a fictitious storey extension of maximum two additional storeys, and then the ground pressure was dimensioning and limited the amount of additional storeys for the storey extension.
Berglund, Martin. "Ekonomisk jämförelse av prefabricerad betong och korslimmat trä-Totalkostnad av materialen i stommarna". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92366.
Texto completoThe construction industry in Sweden has a goal of achieving zero net emissions of greenhouse gases by2045. At present, larger constructions are mostly built with a concrete frame, which has a high carbondioxide emission during new production. This means that the environmental goals will not be achievedunless other alternative building materials are being used to a greater extent. The material that is the bestalternative to concrete in apartment buildings is cross laminated timber (CLT), due to its durabilitycompared to regular timber. The problem with CLT is that it has such a much more expensive productioncost, that concrete frames continue to be chosen in apartment buildings. If the construction industry is tohave any chance of meeting the requirements set for the year 2045 with zero net emissions of greenhousegases, the cost of CLT must therefore be reduced in order for its use to be accelerated. The purpose of thisstudy is to produce the exact total cost difference between a prefabricated concrete frame and a CLTframe, while at the same time the building area and structure of the frames are as similar as possible. Thegoal was to prove how far the CLT has financially, until it can compete with concrete in apartmentbuildings.To make the comparison, a reference building was developed out of concrete, which is laterredimensioned to CLT for a fair comparison. The dimensioning was done by summarizing all loads byhand. These loads were later used for every part in the frame, in the calculation program Calculatis to getthe dimensions required for the demands on durability. With a new dimensioned wooden frame, twomaterial lists were produced for the different frames and compared in the Bidcon calculation program toobtain a total cost difference. This study has focused on comparing the costs of frame materials for abuilding in CLTand one in prefabricated concrete. Non-load-bearing walls, roof construction and groundstructure do not belong in the frame, and will therefore not be in the comparison.The study gave a result that showed that it is about 42% more expensive to build with a CLT frame than aprefabricated concrete frame in a 7 storey apartment building. The floor is the more expensivecomponent, while for example other parts such as balconies and load-bearing walls still proved to becheaper. According to BBR, special noise and fire requirements must be met in apartment buildings. Toachieve these, some sound insulation needs to be added to the CLT elements that are apartment separatorsand fire plasterboards in the entire frame with CLT. This leads to the CLT frame generally having agreater thickness compared to the concrete frame and also a few extra costs to keep in mind, even whenthe load-bearing material is smaller in the CLT frame. This leads to the living space of the apartments inthe CLT building being slightly smaller than in the concrete building. The conclusion is that CLT is not aneconomical alternative to prefabricated concrete according to Bidcon's databases when this study wascarried out and is 42% more expensive due to the fact that the intermediate floor has such a high cost.
Karlsson, Matilda y Rima Ajeel. "Färjestadsskolan – en jämförelse av stommaterial : En ekonomisk och miljömässig jämförelse av stommaterialen prefabricerad betong och KLträ". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72334.
Texto completoNordsjö, Olle y Marcus Johansson. "Toleransproblem vid produktion och montering av prefabricerade betongelement". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-26356.
Texto completoPaananen, Linnea y Injonglan Gamm Burom. "En möjlighet till en hållbar byggbransch : Jämförelsestudie mellan stommaterialen KL-trä och prefabricerad betong". Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259934.
Texto completoThe construction industry is currently responsible for about 21 percent of Sweden’s total annual emission of greenhouse gases. A major challenge is to be able to achieve the goals of the climate change act, which means that Sweden will not have any net emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in the coming decades. At the same time, the need for more housing increases in connection with an increased population. Concrete is the construction material that dominates today’s industrial construction of multi-storey buildings and in connection with the earlier Swedish law that prohibited wooden structures with more than two stories, wood construction in Sweden is not as developed to the same extent as concrete structures. In order to increase understanding and knowledge of CLT structures among operators in the construction industry, such as clients, the purpose is to compare a CLT structure and a prefabricated concrete frame based on differences in environmental impact, material cost and construction time. With documents from a reference project with CLT structure obtained by the company Bjerking, an investigation of the construction’s material consumption has been accomplished, in order to be replaced with a prefabricated concrete frame. The comparative study has been completed using the material consumption for each frame. The results shows that the CLT structure has less environmental impact and total material cost compared to the prefabricated concrete frame, however, not all materials in the CLT structure are included in the study. The excluded materials are reportedly costly, which in the end means that the CLT structure can become the more expensive alternative. The construction time, which in this case is the time for the frame assembly, was estimated to be about one working week per storey for both frames, but less workers is required for the CLT structure. The conclusion is that the CLT structure is the most environmentally-friendly frame material for building the reference project in Kajstaden because it contributes least to the environmental impact. The prefabricated concrete frame is more advantageous if a lower material cost is the priority. If a shorter construction time with less workers is desired, the CLT structure is more favorable. In the future, the most important parameter in the choice of frame material should be the one with least environmental impact for the construction industry to become more sustainable.
Habibi, Nawid y Mahdi Nouri. "En jämförelse av stommaterial : En ekonomisk och tidsmässig jämförelse av yttervägg och mellanbjälklag av prefabricerad betong med KL-trä". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-83688.
Texto completoGaphour, Ali Bahra y Khani Ida Karim. "Undersökning och analysering av relationen mellan Ulricehamns Betong AB och dess kunder". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20781.
Texto completoSvensson, Josefin y Rasmus Nilsson. "En jämförelse mellan prefabricerad och platsgjuten stomme: : Ur ett ekonomiskt och miljömässigt perspektiv". Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45182.
Texto completoPurpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate differences between prefabricated and cast-in-situ structures from an environmental and an economic perspective. This to facilitate for different construction companies to choose a structure solution for future construction projects. Method: To achieve the goal and answer the questions that are included in this study, a case study has been conducted consisting of six projects. The methods for collecting the empirical data required to complete the study are literature study, document analysis, calculation and LCA. The calculation and life cycle analyses in the case study are done using the digital tools Bidcon and Anavitor. Findings: The study shows that the prefabricated structure costs 57–60,7% SEK / m2 BTA and 40,7 – 44,1% SEK / m3 concrete more than the cast-in-situ structure. The study also shows that the prefabricated structure releases 30-35% CO2e / m2 BTA and 17-22% CO2e / m3 concrete more than cast-in-situ structure. Implications: The conclusion in this report is to make it easier to choose the type of structure that is the most economical and has the least impact on the environment. Furthermore, the structures cost and environmental impact can be reduced by choosing a cast-in-situ over a prefabricated structure. Limitations: The study is limited to a case study based on six projects where three are prefab and three are cast-in-situ. The stage of the investigation is limited to the manufacturing and production stages. Only the load-bearing concrete structure consisting of walls, beams and pillars is examined. The foundation is overlooked in this study. Rebars and concrete are limited to general qualities and quantities for the different structures.
Klemetz, Jacob y Joseph Eklund. "Klimatpåverkan av stommaterial på Regnbågens förskola i Årjäng : Med fokus på koldioxidutsläpp vid val av KL-trästomme alternativt stålstomme med utfackningsväggar av trä och bjälklag av betong". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78947.
Texto completoToday, the Earth's resources are used at a higher rate than the Earth can manage. The construction industry is one of the sectors that have the greatest negative climate impact, mainly related to high carbon dioxide emissions. This industry continuously strives to develop building- and construction materials resulting in an as low environmental footprint as possible. Recent trends, in the construction industry, shows an increase in the use of cross-limbed timber (CLT) for frame material. The claim is lower environmental footprint at the same time as it gives a better indoor climate compared to other frame materials. This study will be a theoretical comparison of the climate impact as well as the indoor environment between a CLT frame and a combined steel and concrete frame. Both frame alternatives have been designed by the construction company ByggDialog together with their partners. The reference building for this study is Regnbågens Preschool in Årjäng Municipality. The purpose of this study is to raise and create awareness and also provide tools for ByggDialog and their customers enabling a climate-smart frame selection. This will most likely also contribute to achieving the Swedish sustainability goals by 2030. By using data from the Global Warming Potential (GWP) for the input materials, the climate impact was calculated. Each construction frame type data was analyzed during the product phase which include raw material supply, transport and manufacturing (module A1-A3) in the form of emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents. A literature study was also conducted to analyze how a frame of CLT affects indoor environment. The result showed that by using a CLT frame material versus a combined steel and concrete-frame the environmental reduction was about 50% and about 12% increase in cost. When calculating the carbon dioxide emissions per SEK, it was found that the CLT frame construction had about 67% lower carbon dioxide emissions per SEK compared to a combined steel and concrete frame. The literature study showed that a frame material of CLT provides a more evenly distributed humidity, poorer heat storage capacity and less sound absorption capacity in the form of step- and frame sound compared to a combined steel and concrete frame construction. Further research in this field indicates that by having visible wood, for example a CLT frame provides an experience of safety, relaxation and general well-being for people in the building.
Andersson, Victor, Alexander Forsblad y Robert Israelsson. "Fallstudie av en plattrambro : Skillnader mellan prefabricerat och platsgjutet med aspekt på teknik, arbetsmiljö och ekonomi". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-49237.
Texto completoKruth, Sebastian. "KÖLDBRYGGOR I PREFABRICERADE SANDWICHVÄGGAR AV BETONG : DETALJERADE 2D-BERÄKNINGAR ENLIGT STANDARD ISO 10211:2017". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148813.
Texto completoMikho, Mikael y Simon Sandegren. "En jämförelse av platsgjutna ochprefabricerade väggar vid reningsverk- Kostnader och arbetsmiljöfrågor". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-88482.
Texto completoWhen building concrete walls at water and wastewater treatment plants , the twomethods are cast-in-place and prefabricated walls. The methods give similar resultsbut differ considerably in implementation. We have therefore chosen to study thesubject and draw conclusions about which method is preferable.To study the subject, we chose Skebäcks wastewater treatment plant in Örebro as astudy object where both methods of constructing newpartitions in concrete havebeen used in connection with the reconstruction of existing basins.We have chosen to study costs and work environment issues around the twodifferent construction methods. As a basis for the cost calculation, we have usedWikell's Sektion Data and price information from suppliers. To study the workenvironment, interviews were conducted with two professional concrete workers. Theinterviews then provided the basis for a questionnaire that was given to professionalconcrete workers.Our study shows that prefabricated walls provide a lower construction cost than thecorresponding cast-in-place wall at wastewater treatment plant . The study showsthat concrete workers prefer prefabricated solutions from a work environment pointof view. Physically stressful moments are avoided and the time spent in theworkplace is reduced when building with prefabricated concrete walls.
Andersson, Jesper y Ludwig Gard. "En analys av CO2e-utsläpp vid tillverkning och transport av prefabricerade betongelement". Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45649.
Texto completoSyfte: Den globala betongkonsumtionen uppgår årligen till 25 gigaton vilket gör den till det mest använda byggnadsmaterialet (Petek, Masanet, Horvath & Stadel, 2014). Den fortsatt ökande världspopulationen i samband med urbaniseringen kommer att leda till en större efterfrågan av cement. Problemet med den ökade tillverkningsprocessen av cement är att koldioxidutsläppen år 2020 kommer att stå för 10-15 % av de globala CO2-utsläppen, jämfört med värdena uppmätta år 2016 på cirka 5–8 % (Habert & Ouellet-Plamondon, 2016). Målet med examensarbetet är att analysera skeden i tillverkningsprocessen av prefabricerad betong ur miljösynpunkt med avseende på CO2-utsläpp för att sedan kunna komma med konkreta förbättringsåtgärder alternativt enbart bidra med nyttig kunskap för betongindustrins framtid. Skedena som analyseras är transporter samt betong-, armering- och cellplasttillverkning. Metod: Metoderna som valdes för genomförandet av examensarbetet var Litteraturstudie samt Intervju. Litteraturstudien gjordes i syfte att fördjupa författarna i ämnet samt insamling av diverse resultat från aktuell forskning. Intervjuerna som genomfördes bidrog till nödvändig information för att kunna genomföra analyserna i arbetet. Resultat: Examensarbetet har resulterat i totala CO2-utsläpp i fyra olika skeden i betongtillverkningsprocessen. Cement visade sig vara den absolut största bidragande faktorn till CO2-utsläpp. Det finns flera olika åtgärder för att minska CO2-utsläppet i betongtillverkningsprocessen. De åtgärder som diskuteras flitigast berör cementtilllverkningen vilket är gynnsamt för betongtillverkningen som helhet. Diskussionen framhäver även åtgärder som kan vidtas på en betongfabriks nivå. Konsekvenser: Det konstaterades i denna studie att cement står för majoriteten av det totala CO2-utsläppet i betongproduktionen. Därför bör mycket fokus läggas vid förbättring av cementtillverkningsprocessen med avseende på CO2-utsläpp. Detta innebär inte att mindre fokus skall läggas vid forskning för miljövänligare transport, isolering- och stålproduktion. Samtliga områden bör förbättras och potential finns definitivt att hämta vid alla produktionsskeden. Begränsningar: Studien avgränsades till tillverkningsprocessen av prefabricerad betong. Ett specifikt projekt HUS F analyserades med avseende på CO2-utsläpp i fyra tillverkningsskeden; betong, armering, cellplast samt transport.
Ajeel, Rima y Matilda Karlsson. "Färjestadsskolan – en jämförelse av stommaterial : En ekonomisk och miljömässig jämförelse av stommaterialen prefabricerad betong och KLträ". Thesis, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74278.
Texto completoLatof, Mohamad y Elias Barati. "Arbetsmiljöpåverkan vid val av stommaterial : En jämförelse av arbetsmiljö med avseende på risk och olyckor i projekt med prefabricerad betong respektive KL-trä". Thesis, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85724.
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