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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Prisons – Wales"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 28 de julio de 2024

Última modificación: 31 de julio de 2025

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1

Gunn, John. "Future directions for treatment in forensic psychiatry." British Journal of Psychiatry 176, no. 4 (2000): 332–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.176.4.332.

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BackgroundAs the availability of mental hospital beds has fallen, so the number of people in prison has risen.AimsTo review current policy trends in British forensic psychiatry and put them in an international context.MethodLiterature on the prevalence rates of psychiatric disorder in prisons and jails has been examined for the USA, England & Wales and New Zealand.ResultsAll studies show a high prevalence of mental disorder in prisons and jails. Authors in the USA suggest that prisons are replacing mental hospitals. In England & Wales rates of psychosis are reported as 4–10% for remand

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Crewe, Ben, Alison Liebling, and Susie Hulley. "Staff‐Prisoner Relationships, Staff Professionalism, and the Use of Authority in Public‐ and Private‐Sector Prisons." Law & Social Inquiry 40, no. 02 (2015): 309–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12093.

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Prison privatization has generally been associated with developments in neoliberal punishment. However, relatively little is known about the specific impact of privatization on the daily life of prisoners, including areas that are particularly salient not just to debates about neoliberal penality, but the wider reconfiguration of public service provision and frontline work. Drawing on a study of values, practices, and quality of life in five private‐sector and two public‐sector prisons in England and Wales, this article seeks to compare and explain three key domains of prison culture and quali

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Sim, Joe. "Aching desolation: Liverpool prison and the regressive limits of penal reform in England and Wales." Critical and Radical Social Work 7, no. 1 (2019): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204986019x15491042559709.

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This article explores the current penal crisis through a case study of Liverpool prison, and the appalling nature of the prison's regime, as documented in January 2018 by HM Inspectorate of Prisons. The dehumanising nature of the regime was not unique as a number of other prisons inspected during 2018 were also shown to be seriously detrimental to the health and safety of prisoners. The article also explores the problematic nature of the state's response to the crisis and the limitations of that response. This raises a number of theoretical and political questions about the abject failure over

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4

Phillips, Coretta. "‘It ain’t nothing like America with the Bloods and the Crips’: Gang narratives inside two English prisons." Punishment & Society 14, no. 1 (2012): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474511424683.

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This article explores recent concerns about the emergence of gangs in prisons in England and Wales. Using narrative interviews with male prisoners as part of an ethnographic study of ethnicity and social relations, the social meaning of ‘the gang’ inside prison is interrogated. A formally organized gang presence was categorically denied by prisoners. However, the term ‘gang’ was sometimes elided with loose collectives of prisoners who find mutual support in prison based on a neighbourhood territorial identification. Gangs were also discussed as racialized groups, most often symbolized in the m

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5

Gore, Sheila M. "Suicide in prisons." British Journal of Psychiatry 175, no. 1 (1999): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.1.50.

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BackgroundA recent review showed that opioid users' deaths from suicide were 10 times as common as expected on the basis of age and gender. Surveys showing prisoners' high prevalence of injecting or opioid dependence have led to a new statistical approach to prison suicides.AimsTo estimate the expected number of UK prison suicides annually, having taken account of inmates' age, gender and opioid dependence.MethodBy gender, estimate the effective number of individuals (in terms of community-equivalent suicide risk) for whom prisons have a duty of care as 10 times the number of opioid-dependent

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6

SUTTON, A. J., N. J. GAY, W. J. EDMUNDS, et al. "Modelling the hepatitis B vaccination programme in prisons." Epidemiology and Infection 134, no. 2 (2005): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268805005182.

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A vaccination programme offering hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine at reception into prison has been introduced into selected prisons in England and Wales. Over the coming years it is anticipated this vaccination programme will be extended. A model has been developed to assess the potential impact of the programme on the vaccination coverage of prisoners, ex-prisoners, and injecting drug users (IDUs). Under a range of coverage scenarios, the model predicts the change over time in the vaccination status of new entrants to prison, current prisoners and IDUs in the community. The model predicts that at b

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SUTTON, A. J., N. J. GAY, W. J. EDMUNDS, and O. N. GILL. "Modelling alternative strategies for delivering hepatitis B vaccine in prisons: the impact on the vaccination coverage of the injecting drug user population." Epidemiology and Infection 136, no. 12 (2008): 1644–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808000502.

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SUMMARYSince 2001 hepatitis B vaccination has been offered to prisoners on reception into prisons in England and Wales. However, short campaigns of vaccinating the entire population of individual prisons have achieved high vaccination coverage for limited periods, suggesting that short campaigns may be a preferable way of vaccinating prisoners. A model is used that describes the flow of prisoners through prisons stratified by injecting status to compare a range of vaccination scenarios that describe vaccination on prison reception or via regular short campaigns. Model results suggest that vacc

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8

Muzavazi, Christopher. "Violence at work in prison establishments: a preliminary study." Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 2, no. 4 (2016): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-10-2015-0050.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a preliminary study exploring the perception of prison officers in England and Wales regarding violence in their workplace. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered through questionnaires administered to 152 of Her Majesty’s Prison establishments throughout England and Wales, ranging from high secure to open prisons where officers are affiliated to the Prison Officers Association. In total, 45 officers responded, seven from women’s prisons and the remainder from male adult and youth prisons. In addition, descriptive data from the Ministry o

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9

Ellen Perrett, Stephanie, Mark Erricker, and Marion Lyons. "Evaluation of an e-learning package to improve understanding of blood-borne viruses amongst prison staff in Wales, UK." International Journal of Prisoner Health 10, no. 1 (2014): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-04-2013-0019.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide education on blood-borne viruses (BBVs) to prison staff to help reduce stigma within the prisons, improve the care prisoners receive and reduce the risk of occupational transmission. Design/methodology/approach – An e-module was used to improve staff understanding of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and HIV at a prison in Wales, UK. An assessment was used to gather data on prison staff understanding of BBVs prior to undertaking the e-module. Findings – In total, 530/697 (76 per cent) prison staff completed the BBV e-module. Average pre- and

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10

Hearty, Philippa, Emma Wincup, and Nat M. J. Wright. "The potential of prisons to support drug recovery." Drugs and Alcohol Today 16, no. 1 (2016): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dat-08-2015-0041.

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Purpose – Recovery is the predominant discourse within current UK drug policy, promoted as freedom from dependence. In support of such a policy driver, prison drug recovery wings have been piloted in ten prisons in England and Wales to address high drug prevalence rates in prisoner populations. The purpose of this paper is to explore the development of these specialist wings within the context of wider developments to tackle reoffending among drug-using prisoners. Design/methodology/approach – The first part of the paper offers an analysis of the emergence of the recovery paradigm in the priso

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11

Green, J., J. P. Hetherton, J. Heuston, C. Whiteley, and J. Strang. "Heterosexual activity of male prisoners in England and Wales." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 4 (2003): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646203321264854.

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A random sample of 1009 adult male prison inmates from 13 prisons covering short-, medium- and long-term establishments across England and Wales was interviewed about sexual behaviour, drug use and tattooing, inside and outside of prison. We report here on their heterosexual behaviour. Inmates had had a high number of sexual partners compared to population samples. The majority of sexual partners were casual and there were high levels of sexual involvement with injecting drug users and with prostitutes. Prisoners engaged in more risky sexual practices than did the general population and used c

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Maguire, Mike, and Peter Raynor. "Offender management in and after prison: The end of ‘end to end’?" Criminology & Criminal Justice 17, no. 2 (2016): 138–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895816665435.

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In 2013 a joint report by the Inspectorates of Probation and Prisons in England and Wales concluded that offender management in prisons was ‘not working’ and called for a fundamental review. This article considers why existing arrangements have failed and draws upon theory and research on resettlement, case management and desistance from crime, to define what a more effective system of ‘rehabilitative resettlement’ – both inside prison and ‘through the gate’ – might look like. It also comments on emerging proposals for radical change, including abandonment of the ‘end to end’ model of offender

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13

Beckford, James A. "Religious Diversity in Prisons." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 42, no. 2 (2013): 190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429813479293.

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Prisons are sites of contention for many reasons, but the provision of religious and spiritual care to prisoners has long been regarded as a way of mitigating some of the most contentious aspects of prison regimes. Nevertheless, the growth of religious diversity among prisoners in recent decades has given rise to some new bones of contention which are closely related to questions of equality, justice and human rights. The aim of this article is to examine the relationships between religious diversity and contentious issues in prisons by drawing on interviews conducted with Hindu, Muslim and Si

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Forrester, Andrew, Jagmohan Singh, Karen Slade, Tim Exworthy, and Piyal Sen. "Mental health in-reach in an urban UK remand prison." International Journal of Prisoner Health 10, no. 3 (2014): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-07-2013-0035.

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Purpose – Prison mental health in-reach teams (MHITs) have developed in England and Wales over the last decade. Services have been nationally reviewed, but detailed descriptions of their work have been scarce. The purpose of this paper is to describe the functions of one MHIT in a busy, ethnically diverse, male remand prison in London, UK. Design/methodology/approach – Clinical and demographic data were collected for prisoners referred to the MHIT using a retrospective design over an 18-week period in 2008/2009 (n=111). Findings – Foreign national prisoners and sentenced prisoners were signifi

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15

Banwell-Moore, Rebecca, Philippa Tomczak, Lucy Wainwright, Catherine Traynor, and Sara Hyde. "‘The human toll’: Highlighting the unacknowledged harms of prison suicide which radiate across stakeholder groups." Incarceration 3, no. 2 (2022): 263266632210973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26326663221097337.

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Internationally, prisoner mortality rates are up to 50% above those in the community. Although prisoner deaths are frequent and have significant implications across a broad range of stakeholder groups, these harms are rarely acknowledged. We address this by presenting original data from semi-structured interviews with 19 senior Prison Service staff (representing 8 prisons and 11 regions) and 16 Ombudsman investigators in England and Wales. These professional groups have received limited consideration in previous research. Without negating implications for bereaved families and other prisoners,

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McKay, Carolyn. "Video Links from Prison: Permeability and the Carceral World." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5, no. 1 (2016): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i1.283.

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As audio visual communication technologies are installed in prisons, these spaces of incarceration are networked with courtrooms and other non-contiguous spaces, potentially facilitating a process of permeability. Jurisdictions around the world are embracing video conferencing and the technology is becoming a major interface for prisoners’ interactions with courts and legal advisers. In this paper, I draw on fieldwork interviews with prisoners from two correction centres in New South Wales, Australia, to understand their subjective and sensorial experiences of using video links as a portal to

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Lloyd Bright, Keren, and Maria McNicholl. "The Open University Law School’s Public Legal Education in Prisons: Contributing to Rehabilitative Prison Culture." International Journal of Public Legal Education 5, no. 1 (2021): 94–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijple.v5i1.1123.

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There is a massive unmet need for legal knowledge in prisons. The Open University Law School, through its Open Justice Centre, has trialled various ways in which to meet this unmet need. Most prison-university partnerships in England and Wales follow a model of prisoners and university students being taught together as one group in a traditional higher education learning format. The Open University Law School’s public legal education in prisons follows instead the Street Law model to disseminate knowledge of the law throughout a prison, either through prison radio or through the work of the ch

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Wilkinson, Joanne, and Jenny Fleming. "Prisoner-on-prisoner drug searches in prisons in England and Wales: ‘Business as usual’." Incarceration 2, no. 2 (2021): 263266632110158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/26326663211015852.

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Prisoner reported drug and contraband searches in adult men’s prisons in England and Wales represented almost a quarter of reported and recorded ‘sexual assaults’ from 2004 to 2014. These searches are more likely to involve multiple perpetrators and weapon use than other types of sexual assaults and are most frequently carried out in the relative privacy of a cell. The research presented here is based on an analysis of Her Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service (formerly the National Offender Management Service) Incident Recording System data, providing insights into the proportion of recorded

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19

Forsyth, Katrina, Leanne Heathcote, Jane Senior, et al. "Dementia and mild cognitive impairment in prisoners aged over 50 years in England and Wales: a mixed-methods study." Health Services and Delivery Research 8, no. 27 (2020): 1–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr08270.

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Background People aged ≥ 50 years constitute the fastest-growing group in the prison population of England and Wales. This population has complex health and social care needs. There is currently no national strategy to guide the development of the many-faceted services required for this vulnerable population; therefore, prisons are responding to the issue with a range of local initiatives that are untested and often susceptible to failure if they are not fully embedded in and securely funded as part of commissioned services. Objectives The objectives were to establish the prevalence of dementi

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20

O'Driscoll, Colmán, Anthony Samuels, and Mark Zacka. "Suicide in New South Wales Prisons, 1995–2005: Towards a Better Understanding." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 6 (2007): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670701341863.

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Objectives: This paper reports on a review of suicides in New South Wales (NSW) prisons from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2005 in an attempt to gain a better understanding of the nature and quality of the problem of suicide among prisoners. Method: All deaths in NSW prisons for the period were reviewed. Those identified as self-inflicted, with a coronial finding of death by suicide or those awaiting a coronial hearing but reported as possible death by suicide were included. A data set was collected on each case and entered into a database. Results: A total of 92 cases were identified as death

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Forsyth, Katrina, Baber Malik, Roger Webb, et al. "Prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment among the older prisoner population in England and Wales: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 15, no. 4 (2025): e095577. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-095577.

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ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the older prisoner population in England and Wales and to establish risk of harm to self and others, activity of daily living needs and social networks of prisoners with likely MCI and dementia.DesignWe screened 869 older prisoners (aged 50 years and older) using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Participants testing positive on the MoCA (≤23) were interviewed using the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination, Third Revision (ACE-III) and a range of standardised assessments were used to assess risks of

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Nielssen, Olav, and Shavtay Misrachi. "Prevalence of Psychoses on Reception to Male Prisons in New South Wales." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 6 (2005): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01603.x.

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Objective: To estimate the prevalence of psychotic illnesses among men received to prisons in New South Wales. The study also sought to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the psychosis screener in the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-Auto). Method: The study was part of a larger study on psychiatric disorder in men received to New South Wales prisons. Using a structured questionnaire, the CIDI-Auto (modified), which included screening questions for psychotic illness, the prisoners who gave positive responses to the screening questions for psychosis as well as any sub

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Green, J., J. Strang, J. Hetherton, C. Whiteley, J. Heuston, and T. Maden. "Same-sex sexual activity of male prisoners in England and Wales." International Journal of STD & AIDS 14, no. 4 (2003): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646203321264863.

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A random sample of 1009 adult male prison inmates from 13 prisons covering short-, medium- and long-term establishments across England and Wales was interviewed about sexual behaviour, drug use and tattooing, inside and outside prison. We report here on their same-sex sexual activity. Thirty-seven men reported having engaged in sexual activity with a man during adulthood. Twenty-two men reported having had sex with a man in prison. Indirect support for this prevalence rate was given by sexually transmitted disease rates and prisoners' estimates of same-sex sexual activity occurring in prison.

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Kent, Hope, Bella Magner-Parsons, George Leckie, et al. "Profiles of vulnerability for suicide and self-harm in UK prisoners: Neurodisability, mood disturbance, substance use, and bullying." PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (2024): e0296078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296078.

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Screening for vulnerability factors associated with historic suicidality and self-harm on entry to prison is critical to help prisons understand how to allocate extremely limited mental health resources. It has been established that having previous suicide attempts increases odds of future suicidality and self-harm in prison. We utilised administrative screening data from 665 adult male prisoners on entry to a category B prison in Wales, UK, collected using the Do-IT Profiler. This sample represents 16% of all prisoners who entered that prison during a 26-month period. 12% of prisoners reporte

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Pakes, Francis, and Katrine Holt. "Crimmigration and the prison: Comparing trends in prison policy and practice in England & Wales and Norway." European Journal of Criminology 14, no. 1 (2017): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370816636905.

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The crimmigration landscape in the UK is much lamented. Reference is frequently made to the recent creation of dozens of new immigration offences and a sharp increase in the administrative detention of immigrants during the last two decades. In particular, the prison has recently become an acute site of crimmigration, with separate prisons for foreign nationals (Kaufman, 2013). Norway, on the other hand, has traditionally been regarded as an exception. The treatment of criminals and outsiders is described as inclusive and rehabilitative and focused on their successful return to society. Howeve

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Perrett, Stephanie E., Amy Plimmer, Ananda Giri Shankar, and Noel Craine. "Prevalence of HCV in prisons in Wales, UK and the impact of moving to opt-out HCV testing." Journal of Public Health 42, no. 2 (2020): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa022.

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Abstract Background Viral hepatitis is a leading cause of death worldwide. The World Health Organisation introduced a target to reduce hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health threat by 2030. Testing and treatment of those at elevated risk of infection in prison is key to achieving disease elimination. An opt-out testing policy for those in prison was introduced in Wales, UK, in 2016. Methods We analysed all Wales laboratory data where the testing site was a prison. We analysed numbers tested and positivity for a 14-month period before and after the introduction of opt-out testing policy. Re

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Lubach, MSc Arben. "Similarities and Differences of the Emerging Prison Problems in England and Wales vs. Kosovo: a Sociological and Criminological Perspective." ILIRIA International Review 5, no. 1 (2015): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v5i1.17.

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Prisons are probably the most debatable institutions within the Criminal Justice System in any given country and as such demand contemporary explanation and understanding. Despite the fact that prisons affect the life of many people, not only of those incarcerated but also of their families and friends, nevertheless they do not receive the necessary attention; instead they remain the most enigmatic and less interesting organizations amongst the Criminal Justice System in general.This paper, by using a literature review approach, looks into some of the most important debates, similarities and d

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Baverstock, Alison, Elaine Boorman, Corin Morgan-Armstrong, Leanne Jenkins, and Helen Morgan. "What Were the Processes and Outcomes of Offering Shared Reading as an Intervention for Veterans in Prison?" Logos 32, no. 3 (2021): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18784712-03104018.

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Abstract The charity Reading Force encourages Forces families to read together in order to build social, emotional, and mental well-being and offset the impact of the changes and separations routine in military life. They distribute reading scrapbooks and free books and encourage families to work on them together. It was suggested that a version of the project might usefully be developed for veterans in prison, whose families experience many of the same issues. Scrapbook Dads was developed for veterans housed in the Endeavour Wing at Parc Prison, South Wales. The materials were adapted for use

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Moran, Dominique, Jacob A. Jordaan, and Phil I. Jones. "Toxic Prisons? Local Environmental Quality and the Wellbeing of Incarcerated Populations." Land 13, no. 2 (2024): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13020223.

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A growing body of scholarship draws attention to prisons and environmental justice, pointing out the propensity for prisons to be located on contaminated sites and to be in close proximity to polluting industries, as well as for prisons themselves to contribute to local environmental degradation. Prisoners’ immobility renders them unable to relocate away from harmful environments, and there are now numerous suggestions that their wellbeing suffers as a result of the poor quality of many local environments. However, since a relationship between environmental quality and prisoner wellbeing is ye

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Senior, Jane, Louis Appleby, and Jenny Shaw. "The management of mental health problems among prisoners in England and Wales." International Psychiatry 11, no. 3 (2014): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600004483.

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This paper reviews the major organisational changes made to the delivery of mental healthcare in prisons in England and Wales since the turn of the century. These changes have included the introduction of ‘in-reach’ services for prisoners with serious mental illness, replicating the work of community mental health teams. In addition, healthcare budgets and commissioning responsibilities have been transferred to the National Health Service. Measures to reduce the rate of suicide in prisons are also considered.

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Woodall, James. "Health promotion co-existing in a high-security prison context: a documentary analysis." International Journal of Prisoner Health 16, no. 3 (2020): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-09-2019-0047.

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Purpose There is interest in promoting health in prison from governmental levels, but, to date, understanding how best to do this is unclear. This paper argues that nuanced understanding of context is required to understand health promotion in prison. The purpose of the paper is to examine the potential for empowerment, a cornerstone of health promotion practice, in high-security prison establishments. Design/methodology/approach Independent prison inspections, conducted by Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Prisons for England and Wales, form a critical element in how prisons are assessed. Documen

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Kelly, Laura Margaret. "Sounding out d/Deafness: the experiences of d/Deaf prisoners." Journal of Criminal Psychology 8, no. 1 (2018): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcp-03-2017-0015.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into the lived realities of d/Deaf prisoners in England and Wales, and to explore previous claims that they suffer disproportionately during their time in custody. Design/methodology/approach For the purposes of this study, a qualitative approach was taken. As part of this, 28 semi-structured interviews were carried out at seven adult male prisons in England with a sample of male hard of hearing/d/Deaf prisoners, and staff members who had worked with them. The interviews were recorded using a Dictaphone, and then transcribed as close t

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Gooch, Kate, and James Treadwell. "Prisoner Society in an Era of Psychoactive Substances, Organized Crime, New Drug Markets and Austerity." British Journal of Criminology 60, no. 5 (2020): 1260–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaa019.

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Abstract Framed by the limited and now dated ethnographic research on the prison drug economy, this article offers new theoretical and empirical insights into how drugs challenge the social order in prisons in England and Wales. It draws on significant original and rigorous ethnographic research to argue that the ‘era of hard drugs’ has been superseded by an ‘era of new psychoactive drugs’, redefining social relations, transforming the prison illicit economy, producing new forms of prison victimization and generating far greater economic power and status for suppliers. These changes represent

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Bullock, Karen, and Annie Bunce. "‘The prison don’t talk to you about getting out of prison’: On why prisons in England and Wales fail to rehabilitate prisoners." Criminology & Criminal Justice 20, no. 1 (2018): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895818800743.

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The position of rehabilitation in prisons in England and Wales has long been debated. Yet studies which consider how prisoners experience rehabilitative practices and processes are rare. Drawing on prisoners’ accounts, this article considers their perceptions and lived experiences of the ways in which rehabilitation is influenced by the nature of organizational support for rehabilitation; the characteristics of interventions implemented to support rehabilitation; and the complexion of the prison climate. We find the perception of an institutional failure to take responsibility for rehabilitati

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Quinlan, Christina. "Women's Imprisonment in Britain and Ireland." Prison Journal 102, no. 2 (2022): 134–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00328855221079251.

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This research, utilizing a case study design, focused on prison operations in women's prisons and compared those across each of the four jurisdictions of England and Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland. The numbers of women in prison, the crimes for which they are imprisoned, and their sentences are considered, along with women's prison policy initiatives in each jurisdiction. The differences between these policies and the realities of women's experiences in prison are highlighted.

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Coid, Jeremy, Paul Bebbington, Rachel Jenkins, et al. "The National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity among Prisoners and the Future of Prison Healthcare." Medicine, Science and the Law 42, no. 3 (2002): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580240204200309.

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It has long been known that psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent among prisoners (Coid, 1984; Gunn et al., 1991; Maden et al., 1995; Joukamaa, 1995; Bland et al., 1998; Lamb and Weinberger, 1998). However, the Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity Among Prisoners in England and Wales (Singleton et al., 1998) represents a considerable advance on earlier surveys. By using the same standardized psychiatric assessment procedures, and similar questions on medication, service use and social functioning, its findings can be compared with previous national surveys of adults living in private household

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Dooley, Enda. "Prison Suicide in England and Wales, 1972–87." British Journal of Psychiatry 156, no. 1 (1990): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.156.1.40.

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The case notes of 295 suicides (98.3% of the total) in prisons in England and Wales between 1972 and 1987 were studied. This period has witnessed an increase in the suicide rate far in excess of the rate of rise in the prison population. The most common method of suicide was by hanging, usually at night. There was a frequent past history of psychiatric treatment and self-injury. People charged or convicted of violent or sexual offences were over-represented, as were those serving life sentences. There was an association between suicide and both guilt for the offence and being charged or convic

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38

JENKINS, RACHEL, DINESH BHUGRA, HOWARD MELTZER, et al. "Psychiatric and social aspects of suicidal behaviour in prisons." Psychological Medicine 35, no. 2 (2005): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291704002958.

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Background. Suicidal behaviour and completed suicide are serious problems within British prisons, leading to significant morbidity and mortality, and are the focus of major efforts towards their prevention.Aim. To explore the demographic, social and psychiatric correlates of suicidal behaviour in prisons in England and Wales and their relationship with health service use; and to develop a combined psychosocial model of risk.Method. This report analyses the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the ONS National Prison Survey, and their association with the presence of psychiat

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39

Fitzalan Howard, Flora, and Helen Wakeling. "People in Prisons’ Perceptions of Procedural Justice in England and Wales." Criminal Justice and Behavior 47, no. 12 (2020): 1654–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854820964501.

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Procedural justice (PJ) theory suggests that if incarcerated people perceive their treatment to be fair and just, greater acceptance of staff authority, less misconduct, better mental health, and improved recidivism outcomes will follow. This study developed a measure of and explored PJ perceptions for people in English and Welsh prisons. Factor analysis was used to create a 27-item PJ measure, using data from around 20,000 people who completed the Measuring quality of prison life survey during a 4-year period. The measure had good internal consistency. We found differences in perceptions acro

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40

Kwon, Jisoo A., Georgina M. Chambers, Fabio Luciani, et al. "Hepatitis C treatment strategies in prisons: A cost-effectiveness analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0245896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245896.

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In Australian prisons approximately 20% of inmates are chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), providing an important population for targeted treatment and prevention. A dynamic mathematical model of HCV transmission was used to assess the impact of increasing direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment uptake on HCV incidence and prevalence in the prisons in New South Wales, Australia, and to assess the cost-effectiveness of alternate treatment strategies. We developed four separate models reflecting different average prison lengths of stay (LOS) of 2, 6, 24, and 36 months. Each model

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41

Kosky, Nick, and Clifford Hoyle. "Secondary mental healthcare in prisons in England and Wales: results of a postal questionnaire." Psychiatrist 35, no. 12 (2011): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.110.033274.

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Aims and methodPrison mental health inreach teams (PMHITs) were introduced in response to policy from 2003. This provision comes under the responsibility of the National Health Service. Service development and structure was not defined in policy. A total of 97 prisons of an estimated 100 known to have a PMHIT were targeted by postal questionnaire and responses covered 62 prisons. Team structures were captured in the data with specific regard to the number of available professional sessions.ResultsFindings determine there is generally no correlation between input and prison capacity, although t

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42

Igoumenou, Artemis, Constantinos Kallis, and Jeremy Coid. "Treatment of psychosis in prisons and violent recidivism." BJPsych Open 1, no. 2 (2015): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.000257.

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BackgroundViolence among released prisoners with psychosis is an important public health problem. It is unclear whether treatment in prison can influence criminal behaviour subsequent to release.AimsTo investigate whether treatment in prison can delay time to reoffending.MethodOur sample consisted of 1717 adult prisoners in England and Wales convicted of a serious violent or sexual offence. We used Cox regression to investigate the effects of treatment received in prison on associations between mental illness and time to first reconviction following release.ResultsPrisoners with current sympto

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43

Pike, Anne, and Susan Hopkins. "Transformative Learning." International Journal of Bias, Identity and Diversities in Education 4, no. 1 (2019): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbide.2019010104.

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On entering prison, prisoners lose their home, their possessions and their very identity as a person, becoming just a number. Transformative learning through Prison-based Higher-level Distance Learning (PHDL) can be the vehicle by which prisoners begin to find a new positive identity as a student. This article argues that PHDL, post-secondary self-study using distance-learning materials, is potentially transformative, leading to positive changes in personal and social identity and making a positive difference to learners' lives during and after incarceration. The study on which this article is

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44

Carlen, Pat. "Controlling measures." Criminal Justice 2, no. 2 (2002): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17488958020020020301.

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This article compares the ways in which English and Canadian campaigning and reforming discourses aiming to reduce either the numbers of women in prison or the damage done by repressive regimes in the women's prisons have been incorporated via new vocabularies into new policy discourses. It is argued that, in England and Wales, these newly created official discourses on the meaning of women's crime will result both in the increased (anti)social control of women and a rise in the female prison population.

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45

Pratt, D., L. Appleby, M. Piper, R. Webb, and J. Shaw. "Suicide in recently released prisoners: a case-control study." Psychological Medicine 40, no. 5 (2009): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291709991048.

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BackgroundRecently released prisoners are at markedly higher risk of suicide than the general population. The aim of this study was to identify key risk factors for suicide by offenders released from prisons in England and Wales.MethodAll suicides committed by offenders within 12 months of their release from prison in England and Wales, between 2000 and 2002, were identified. One control matched on gender and date of release from prison was recruited for each case. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling identified key independent risk factors for suicide.ResultsOf 256 920 re

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Awofeso, Niyi, and William D. Rawlinson. "Influenza control in Australian prison settings: Cost ‐ benefit analysis of major strategies." International Journal of Prisoner Health 1, no. 1 (2005): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449200500157077.

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Repeated influenza outbreaks are surprisingly rare in prison settings worldwide, a factor that has made it superfluous, to date, to develop contingency plans for responding to prison‐based influenza epidemics. However, the influenza outbreak that occurred in an Australian prison in 2000 has highlighted the appropriateness of developing an outbreak plan, not least because of the security implications of a widespread prison influenza epidemic. Using reported attack rates and morbidity profiles of the 2000 Australian prison influenza outbreak to develop scenarios, the authors estimated the cost ‐

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47

Conolly, Lisa, and Frances Potter. "Aids education in new south Wales prisons." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 23, no. 3 (1990): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589002300302.

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Butler, Tony, Peter Robertson, John Kaldor, and Basil Donovan. "Syphilis in New South Wales (Australia) prisons." International Journal of STD & AIDS 12, no. 6 (2001): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462011923318.

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49

James, David V. "Court Diversion in Perspective." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 6-7 (2006): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01835.x.

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Court diversion schemes have been running for a decade in New Zealand and are increasing in number in Australia. This paper aims to give an international and historical context to these developments, by reference to psychiatric initiatives at courts in the US and in England and Wales. From a review of the specialist literature, an account is given of three forms of psychiatric intervention in courts over the last 90 years: court psychiatric clinics and mental health courts in the US, and court diversion schemes in England and Wales. High levels of psychiatric morbidity among prisoners, coupled

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50

Brown, Ian. "A Commissioner calls: Alexander Paterson and colonial Burma's prisons." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 38, no. 2 (2007): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463407000057.

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AbstractIn 1925, Alexander Paterson, a Commissioner for Prisons in England and Wales, arrived in Rangoon to advise the local government on gaol conditions in Burma. This paper explores why the Burma prison administration invited Paterson, examines his findings and proposals – that included the suggestion that no convict should spend more than two years in gaol – and considers the fate of his recommendations. Paterson's visit and views are set in the social and political contexts of British rule in Burma at that time.

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