Artículos de revistas: "Prolog, forward / backward chaining"

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Kilián, Imre. "Contralog: a Prolog conform forward-chaining environment and its application for dynamic programming and natural language parsing". Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Informatica 8, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2016): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausi-2016-0003.

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Abstract The backward-chaining inference strategy of Prolog is inefficient for a number of problems. The article proposes Contralog: a Prolog-conform, forward-chaining language and an inference engine that is implemented as a preprocessor-compiler to Prolog. The target model is Prolog, which ensures mutual switching from Contralog to Prolog and back. The Contralog compiler is implemented using Prolog's de facto standardized macro expansion capability. The article goes into details regarding the target model. We introduce first a simple application example for Contralog. Then the next section shows how a recursive definition of some problems is executed by their Contralog definition automatically in a dynamic programming way. Two examples, the well-known matrix chain multiplication problem and the Warshall algorithm are shown here. After this, the inferential target model of Prolog/Contralog programs is introduced, and the possibility for implementing the ReALIS natural language parsing technology is described relying heavily on Contralog's forward chaining inference engine. Finally the article also discusses some practical questions of Contralog program development.

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Jung, Eui S. "Development of An Expert Systems for Ergonomic Workplace Design and Evaluation". Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, n.º 11 (octubre de 1988): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/107118188786762423.

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Industrial workplace design and evaluation is the outcome of a multi-factored process which requires diverse disciplines and interrelated techniques to consider alternative factors and to achieve an optimal design solution. However, it is still evident that industrial workplace design fails to incorporate ergonomic principles throughout all stages of design and evaluation, One approach to solve the problem is to introduce an expert system for integrating existing analytic models and expertises into a framework which guides the designer along the necessary steps to reach a solution, with explanations on its reasoning process. This paper discusses the framework of the prototype expert system being implemented using VM/PROLOG on IBM VM/CMS mainframe. The rule-based production system was selected as a representation scheme due to its versatility and expressive power. It is consisted of two main parts, First, modularized knowledge bases incorporate multidisciplinary ergonomic factors such as biomechanics, work physiology, and psychophysics. Each module stores knowledge either in the fact base or the rule base, however, massive experimental findings and table-lookups are separately stored in the external database through its interface and retrieved without bothering the main inference mechanism. Secondly, inference mechanism was built as a control mechanism, with a front-end user interface. It has a pattern-directed architecture coupled with a normal forward/backward chaining mechanism. The prototype expert system also incorporates analytical models (usually written in FORTRAN) into the reasoning process so that it is highly flexible to the problem specificity.

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Permata Sari, Desy. "ANALISIS MESIN INFERENSI FORWARD DAN BACKWARD CHAINING UNTUK DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT AUTOIMUN BERBASIS WEB". JATI (Jurnal Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika) 3, n.º 2 (2 de septiembre de 2019): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36040/jati.v3i2.852.

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Penyakit Autoimun merupakan penyakit yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia yang biasa terjadi pada kaum wanita. Autoimun merupakan gangguan sistem kekebalan tubuh akibat gagalnya pertahanan kestabilan kondisi tubuh. Penyakit autoimun ini menyebabkan kerugian bagi organ tubuh manusia karena dapat merusak organ-organ sel yang masih sehat dalam tubuh seseorang. Gejala penyakit autoimun kapan saja dapat menyerang tubuh dan mempengaruhi sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode forward chaining dan backward chaining. Forward Chaining merupakan metode pencarian kesimpulan berdasarkan pada fakta yang ada menuju ke kesimpulan, Backward chaining merupakan pencarian yang arahnya kebalikan dari Forward Chaining. Proses pencarian dimulai dari tujuan, yaitu kesimpulan yang menjadi solusi permasalahan yang dihadapi.Berdasarkan uji data hasil konsultasi menggunakan metode forward chaining dan backward chaining memiliki keakuratan yang sesuai dengan aturan yang ada. Pengujian fungsional sistem pakar ini dapat berjalan dengan baik pada web browser mozilla firefox, google chrome, dan microsoft edge.

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Ivanov, Sergiu, Artiom Alhazov, Vladimir Rogojin y Miguel A. Gutiérrez-Naranjo. "Forward and Backward Chaining with P Systems". International Journal of Natural Computing Research 2, n.º 2 (abril de 2011): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jncr.2011040105.

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One of the concepts that lie at the basis of membrane computing is the multiset rewriting rule. On the other hand, the paradigm of rules is profusely used in computer science for representing and dealing with knowledge. Therefore, establishing a “bridge” between these domains is important, for instance, by designing P systems reproducing the modus ponens-based forward and backward chaining that can be used as tools for reasoning in propositional logic. In this paper, the authors show how powerful and intuitive the formalism of membrane computing is and how it can be used to represent concepts and notions from unrelated areas.

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Al-Ajlan, Ajlan. "The Comparison between Forward and Backward Chaining". International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing 5, n.º 2 (abril de 2015): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijmlc.2015.v5.492.

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Kusuma, Abdi Pandu y Mega Sari. "PERBANDINGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING DAN BACKWARD CHAINING PADA SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT IKAN LELE SANGKURIANG". Antivirus : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Informatika 13, n.º 1 (31 de mayo de 2019): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/antivirus.v13i1.727.

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Kesulitan melakukan diagnosis penyakit ikan lele sangkuriang menjadi kendala bagi siswadan siswi Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan 1 Kademangan di Kabupaten Blitar. Seiring denganperkembangan jaman tentunya bertambah pula jenis penyakit yang menyerang pada ikan lelesangkuriang. Untuk mempermudah dalam proses diagnosis ikan penulis membuat sistem pakardiagnosis penyakit ikan lele sangkuriang dengan menerapkan dua metode, yaitu metode forwardchaining dan backward chaining. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan metode forward chainingdan backward chaining. Analisis perbandingan metode mencakup tiga aspek yaitu kepuasan pengguna,kecepatan sistem dan keakurasian data. Untuk melakkan pengujian sistem penulis menggunakan aplikasiSPSS 16.0. Analisis dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesinoer kepada siswa dan guru dengan jumlah70 responden. Nilai dari kuesioner kemuadian di analisis menggunakan SPSS. Hasil analisis antarmetode forward chaining dan backward chaining adalah 59.328 dan untuk metode backward chainingadalah 55.385, artinya bahwa skor total tentang kepuasan pengguna kecepatan system dan keakurasiandata lebih tinggi dari pada skor total kepuasan pengguna kecepatan system dan keakurasian data padaMetode backward Chaining. Perbedaan rata-rata (mean difference) sebesar ( 59.328 - 55.385) 3.943.

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Hairani, Hairani, Mokhammad Nurkholis Abdillah y Muhammad Innuddin. "Perancangan Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Penyakit Rematik Menggunakan Inferensi Forward Chaining Berbasis Prolog". InfoTekJar (Jurnal Nasional Informatika dan Teknologi Jaringan) 4, n.º 1 (5 de septiembre de 2019): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/infotekjar.v4i1.1377.

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Penyakit artrhitis atau sering dikenal dengan nama rematik merupakan penyakit yang menyerang sendi dan struktur atau jaringan penunjang sekitar sendi. Jenis penyakit rematik memiliki lebih dari 150 jenis, tetapi di indonesia ada 3 jenis penyakit paling sering diderita masyarakat diantaranya Gout Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, dan Osteo Arthritis. Gejala pada jenis penyakit rematik sering tidak disadari oleh masyarakat, karena umumnya memiliki gejala yang mirip satu sama lain. Salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan masyarakat untuk melakukan diagnosis dini jenis penyakit rematik adalah sistem pakar. Sistem pakar adalah sebuah sistem yang mengadopsi pengetahuan pakar sehingga dapat melakukan seperti yang dilakukan pakar. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pakar diagnosis penyakit rematik menggunakan inferensi forward chaining berbasis prolog. Metode inferensi forward chaining digunakan untuk menarik kesimpulan jenis penyakit rematik yang diderita berdasarkan gejala-gejala yang dirasakan. Berdasarkan pengujian yang telah dilakukan bahwa metode inferensi forward chaining dapat melakukan diagnosis jenis penyakit rematik..

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Irawan, M. D., A. Widarma, Y. H. Siregar y Rudi Rudi. "Penerapan Metode Forward-Backward Chaining pada Sistem Pakar Pencegahan dan Pengobatan Penyakit Sapi". Jurnal Teknologi dan Informasi 11, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2021): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/jati.v11i1.3286.

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Increasing the population of cattle in Aek Nagali village, especially in hamlet V, really helps the economy of the community, the health of the livestock raised by breeders is important for the animals themselves. It is difficult for veterinarians in Aek Nagali village so that it is the custom of people in the village where when their cows are sick and dying they are immediately slaughtered and the meat is traded. Even though this does not mean that the cow is suitable for consumption or not because there is a cow disease that can be transmitted to humans when eating beef. The purpose of this research is to build an expert system-based system that can provide an overview or decision. The method used is Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining in diagnosing cow disease. The discussion is focused on applying Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining rules and applying them to the system. From the results of research, the backward and forward methods provide information on how to prevent and treat cattle disease so that breeders can know what steps to take.

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., I. Made Ditha Herdia Wiranata, I. Made Putrama, S. T. ,. M. Tech . y I. Made Agus Wirawan, S. Kom ,. M. Cs . "Pengembangan Web Semantik Silsilah Keluarga Kawitan Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori Dengan Metode Forward Chaining Dan Backward Chaining". Kumpulan Artikel Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Informatika (KARMAPATI) 7, n.º 1 (25 de febrero de 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/karmapati.v7i1.13503.

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Silsilah kawitan dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mempererat hubungan keluarga dengan tetap berada pada garis keturunannya. Namun pada dasarnya masih banyak masyarakat hindu yang tidak tahu dengan kawitanya. Hal ini karena kurangnya babad yang memuat dengan jelas terkait dengan silsilah kawitan maupun informasi yang lengkap. Dengan pengembangan Web Semantik Silsilah Keluarga Kawitan Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori dengan Metode Pencarian Forward Chaining dan Backward Chaining dapat mengatasi permasalahan terkait silsilah kawitan. Dengan menggunakan web ini, masyarakat akan dapat menemukan informasi yang berkaitan dengan silsilahnya dengan mudah, sehingga tidak ada lagi masyarakat yang bingung dengan kawitannya. Web ini dikembangan dengan menggunakan metode waterfall. Metode waterfall menggambarkan pendekatan sistematis dan juga berurutan dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak. Mulai dari perencanaan, pemodelan, implementasi, pengujian, sampai pemeliharaan perangkat lunak. Pengujian dilakukan kepada keluarga kawitan Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori. Hasil pengujian bahwa sistem informasi berbasis web bisa diterima di masyarakat dengan sangat baik. Kata Kunci : Silsilah, Web Semantik, Kawitan, AryaTegeh Kori, Forward Chaining, Backward Chaining The genealogy kawitan formed with the aim to strengthen family relationships by remaining in lineage. But basically there are still many Hindus who do not know their kawitan. This is because the lack of a chronicle that contains clearly related to the kawitan genealogy as well as complete information. By developing Semantic Web of the family tree of Kawitan Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori used a Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Search Methods can solve the problems related to geneology kawitan. By using this web, the community will be able to find information related to its genealogy easily, so no more people are confused with their kawitan. This web is developed by using the waterfall method. Waterfall method describes a systematic approach and also sequentially on software development. Starting from the planning, modeling, implementation, testing, until the software maintenance. The tests were conducted to the family of Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori. The result of the test showed that the system is received in the community very well.keyword : Genealogy, Semantics Web, Kawitan, AryaTegeh Kori, Forward Chaining, Backward Chaining

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Priyantono, Mochammad Bagus, Adam Achmad Rachmawan, Lalu Agung Purnama Budi y Kartika Candra Kirana. "Sistem Prediksi Gejala Virus Korona dengan Metode Forward Chaining". JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) 5, n.º 1 (5 de julio de 2020): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.31544/jtera.v5.i1.2019.111-118.

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Keberadaan teknologi yang semakin berkembang membuat pemanfaatan teknologi di berbagai bidang mulai diterapkan. Salah satunya dalam memprediksi dini gejala penyakit Korona. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem prediksi gejala dini penyakit Korona. Sistem ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan kolaborasi Java dan Swi Prolog. Proses prediksi pada sistem ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Forward Chaining. Proses prediksi pada sistem ini diperoleh dari fakta-fakta yang diperoleh dari gejala yang dialami pasien. Data-data mengenai gejala pasien tersebut diperoleh melalui hasil studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dibuat mampu memprediksi gejala dini penyakit Korona. Sistem ini dapat memprediksi dengan tingkat presisi sebesar 94,9%, recall sebesar 88,6%, dan akurasi sebesar 95%.

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Harland, James A., David J. Pym y Michael Winikoff. "Forward and Backward Chaining in Linear Logic (Extended Abstract)". Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 37 (2000): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1571-0661(05)01136-9.

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Moore, James W. y Laura M. Quintero. "Comparing forward and backward chaining in teaching Olympic weightlifting". Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 52, n.º 1 (24 de octubre de 2018): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jaba.517.

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Kurniawan, Rahmad y Nurul Falah. "APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT HERNIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING DAN BACKWARD CHAINING". I N F O R M A T I K A 8, n.º 2 (31 de enero de 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36723/juri.v8i2.125.

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Penyakit hernia merupakan penyakit yang mana gejalanya kurang dipahami oleh kebanyakan orang. Penyakit ini bisa menyerang pada semua usia, baik anak-anak hingga orang tua. Selain itu, kurangnya dokter spesialis, khususnya untuk daerah Kota Dumai, serta belum adanya suatu sistem yang digunakan untuk mendiagnosa penyakit hernia, juga menjadi penyebab kurangnya keinginan masyarakat untuk memeriksakan gejala-gejala yang telah dialami.Sistem untuk mendiagnosa penyakit hernia ini adalah suatu sistem terkomputerisasi yang dapat memberikan solusi yang maksimal. Dalam menyelesaikan sistem ini dapat digunakan dua metode, yaitu metode forward chaining dan metode backward chaining.Oleh karena itu, dirancang sebuah aplikasi sistem pakar yang digunakan sebagai solusi permasalahan tersebut. Aplikasi ini dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Visual Basic 6.0, serta menggunakan database MySQL. Hasil dari uji coba aplikasi sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit hernia ini adalah mempermudah melakukan diagnosa penyakit hernia serta memberikan pencegahan serta solusi dari penyakit tersebut. Kata Kunci : Sistem Pakar, Forward Chaining, Backward Chaining, Hernia

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Hardianti, Suci, Andi Tenriawaru y Natalis Ransi. "Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Menular Pada Anak Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining dan Backward Chaining". Just TI (Jurnal Sains Terapan Teknologi Informasi) 13, n.º 2 (30 de julio de 2021): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/justti.v13i2.625.

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Sistem pakar merupakan pengetahuan seorang ahli yang dimasukkan kedalam sistem komputer agar dapat memecahkan masalah tertentu. Sebab terbatasnya pengetahuan dan informasi mengenai penyakit menular, khususnya yang menyerang anak-anak menjadi permasalahan umum yang didapatkan di masyarakat. Para orang tua kesulitan untuk memprediksi penyakit yang diderita oleh anak mereka, dan bingung untuk mengobatinya. Orang tua lebih memilih merawat anak mereka sendiri sesuai kemampuan mereka karena terkendala biaya yang bagi sebagian orang tua merupakan biaya yang cukup mahal. Hal itu sering kali terjadi, akibat keterlambatan penanganan menyebabkan penyakit tersebut bertambah parah dan sulit untuk disembuhkan. Tujuan dibuatnya sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit menular pada anak adalah untuk mempermudah orang tua dalam mendiagnosa penyakit yang dialami oleh anak dan dapat segera mendapatkan penanganan sesuai penyakit yang dialami oleh anak sehingga dapat Menghemat waktu dalam pengambilan keputusan. Bagi pakar diharapkan dapat menyimpan pengetahuan dan keahlian para pakar. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode waterfall karena metode ini lebih mudah dipahami untuk perancangan sistem pakar. Sistem ini dibuat menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MySQL sebagai database. Dari hasil pengujian menggunakan metode blackbox testing diperoleh sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit menular pada anak yang dibangun memiliki fungsionalitas yang baik dan berjalan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.

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Smith, Gregory J. "Teaching a Long Sequence of Behavior Using Whole Task Training, Forward Chaining, and Backward Chaining". Perceptual and Motor Skills 89, n.º 3 (diciembre de 1999): 951–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1999.89.3.951.

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TUTTLE, SHARON M. y CHRISTOPH F. EICK. "HISTORICAL RETE NETWORKS TO SUPPORT THE DEBUGGING OF FORWARD-CHAINING RULE-BASED PROGRAMS". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 02, n.º 01 (marzo de 1993): 47–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213093000059.

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Forward-chaining rule-based programs, being data-driven, can function in changing environments in which backward-chaining rule-based programs would have problems. But, degugging forward-chaining programs can be tedious; to debug a forward-chaining rule-based program, certain ‘historical’ information about the program run is needed. Programmers should be able to directly request such information, instead of having to rerun the program one step at a time or search a trace of run details. As a first step in designing an explanation system for answering such questions, this paper discusses how a forward-chaining program run’s ‘historical’ details can be stored in its Rete inference network, used to match rule conditions to working memory. This can be done without seriously affecting the network’s run-time performance. We call this generalization of the Rete network a historical Rete network. Various algorithms for maintaining this network are discussed, along with how it can be used during debugging, and a debugging tool, MIRO, that incorporates these techniques is also discussed.

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Salafuddin, Muhammad y Umi Rosyidah. "SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT BUAH NAGA MENGGUNAKAN BACKWARD DAN FORWARD CHAINING". CCIT Journal 10, n.º 1 (1 de febrero de 2017): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v10i1.507.

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Farmersknowledge about dragon fruit disease is still low. Many farmers still rely on the knowledge of an expert to be able to diagnose a disease, so it takes a long and costly. This expert system can be used as information and guidelines for disease that appears on dragon fruit plants and to fill them. Pests on dragon fruit include mealybugs, aphids, ants, grasshoppers, mites and snails. While the disease in dragon fruit include: rust red algae, patches of orange tendrils, white vine, vine blight and anthracnose.The method used is backward chaining and forward chaining, the system is implemented into a web that can be operated by the public, especially dragon fruit farmer. This expert system is an application that uses facts and reasoning techniques that are used by an expert. The use of this expert system can provide information and guidance to users in the form of possible types of diseases that attack the dragon fruit plants based on symptoms entered by the user. This system can provide assistance in the form of services to farmers or farmers plant dragon fruit dragon fruit to diagnose disease in a timely fashion

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Ash, Daniel W. y Dennis H. Holding. "Backward versus Forward Chaining in the Acquisition of a Keyboard Skill". Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 32, n.º 2 (abril de 1990): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872089003200202.

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Darden, Lindley. "Strategies for Discovering Mechanisms: Schema Instantiation, Modular Subassembly, Forward/Backward Chaining". Philosophy of Science 69, S3 (septiembre de 2002): S354—S365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/341858.

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Li, Guoqi, Yuanxun Shao, Sheng Hong y Bin Liu. "An IPC-based Prolog design pattern for integrating backward chaining inference into applications or embedded systems". Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 27, n.º 6 (diciembre de 2014): 1571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2014.10.024.

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Hidayah, Muhammad Fahmi. "Design of an Android-Based Tropical Disease Diagnosis Expert System Design Using a Combined Method of Forward Chanining and Backward Chaining". Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 1, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2015): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v1i1.126.

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A doctor or medical scholar needs a reference book to learn how to diagnose tropical diseases. This reference book is sometimes a hassle if you have to carry it everywhere. This reference book is also impractical if you have to search it first to find the symptoms and diseases you want to study. So that we need a system to make it easier for doctors and medical scholars to study the science of diagnosis and look for symptoms and diseases. Expert systems are knowledge-based programs that provide expert quality solutions to problems in a specific domain. This expert system is used in the fields of medicine, agriculture, business, and others. Expert systems in the field of medicine make it easy to identify diseases suffered by patients through the symptoms present in the patient. This expert system helps doctors make diagnoses to convince doctors about the results of the diagnosis. The expert system in this study uses a combined method. The combined method is forward chaining and backward chaining. The forward chaining method is used to determine specific symptoms that appear, while the backward chaining method is used to trace general symptoms that arise from specific symptoms that have been previously selected. The result of combining these methods provides a diagnostic percentage of 100%. Meanwhile, the user's assessment of the system gives a good response.

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Chaudhuri, Kaustuv, Frank Pfenning y Greg Price. "A Logical Characterization of Forward and Backward Chaining in the Inverse Method". Journal of Automated Reasoning 40, n.º 2-3 (24 de enero de 2008): 133–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10817-007-9091-0.

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Herdiawiranata, I. Made Ditha, I. Made Putrama y I. Made Agus Wirawan. "PENGEMBANGAN WEB SEMANTIK SILSILAH KELUARGA KAWITAN NARARYA DALEM BENCULUK TEGEH KORI DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING DAN BACKWARD CHAINING". Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Teknik Informatika (JANAPATI) 8, n.º 1 (10 de junio de 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/janapati.v8i1.13470.

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Silsilah kawitan dibentuk dengan tujuan untuk mempererat hubungan keluarga dengan tetap berada pada garis keturunannya. Namun pada dasarnya masih banyak masyarakat hindu yang tidak tahu dengan kawitanya. Hal ini karena kurangnya babad yang memuat dengan jelas terkait dengan silsilah kawitan maupun informasi yang lengkap. Dengan pengembangan Web Semantik Silsilah Keluarga Kawitan Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori dengan Metode Pencarian Forward Chaining dan Backward Chaining dapat mengatasi permasalahan terkait silsilah kawitan. Dengan menggunakan web ini, masyarakat akan dapat menemukan informasi yang berkaitan dengan silsilahnya dengan mudah, sehingga tidak ada lagi masyarakat yang bingung dengan kawitannya. Web ini dikembangan dengan menggunakan metode waterfall. Metode waterfall menggambarkan pendekatan sistematis dan juga berurutan dalam pengembangan perangkat lunak. Mulai dari perencanaan, pemodelan, implementasi, pengujian, sampai pemeliharaan perangkat lunak. Pengujian dilakukan kepada keluarga kawitan Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori. Hasil pengujian bahwa sistem informasi berbasis web bisa diterima di masyarakat dengan sangat baik.

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Schwarz, G., R. Grims, E. Rumpl, G. Rom, G. Pfurtscheller y V. Haase. "BRAINDEX: An Interactive, Knowledge-Based System Supporting Brain Death Diagnosis". Methods of Information in Medicine 29, n.º 03 (1990): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634782.

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AbstractBRAINDEX (Brain-Death Expert System) is an interactive, knowledge-based expert system offering support to physicians in decision making concerning brain death. The physician is given the possibility of communicating in almost natural language and, therefore, in terms with which he is familiar. This updated version of the system is implemented on an IBM-PC/AT with the expert system shell PC-PLUS and consists of about 430 rules. The determination of brain death is realized with backward chaining and for the optional coma-scaling a forward-chaining mechanism is used.

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Effendy, M. Yusuf, Sutrisno Sutrisno y Ahmad Mustopa. "APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR PERAWATAN KOMPUTER UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEGIATAN BELAJAR MENGAJAR DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN SISWA". ICIT Journal 6, n.º 1 (3 de febrero de 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/icit.v6i1.856.

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Untuk mendiagnosa kerusakan suatu komputer, dibutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama, terkadang teknisi sering kali tidak menyelesaikan tugasnya agar bias memperbaiki sebagai solusi kerusakan komputer. Untuk menyimpulkan solusi kerusakan komputer, sebenarnya sudah ada standar penyelesaiannya, hal ini sangat memungkinkan agar dapat dibuatkan sebuah sistem yang mampu berjalan secara otomatis berdasarkan gejala yang muncul. Pembuatan sistem pemeriksaan kerusakan komputer sebagai sebuah alat bantu dalam perawatan sebuat laboratorium komputer bisa diselesaikan dengan menggunakan beberapa metode, seperti metode forward chaining atau backward chaining. Selain itu pemodelan sistem ini juga menggunakan metode perancangan uml yang melibatkan usecase diagram, activity diagram, sequence diagaram, kemudian untuk menggabarkan sebuah database yang memunculkan table apa saja yang diperlukan, juga digunakan class diagram sebagai analisa data. Terdapatnya beberapa table initi seperti gejala, masalah, solusi dan table persilangan diantara ketiganya akan mampu menciptakan beberapa langkah penyelesaian yang standar, sehingga diharapkan sistem ini mampu membantu para teknisi dalam rangka merawat komputer dalam sebuah laboratorium dengan cepat dan tepat. Kata kunci : Sistem pakar,kerusakan komputer, Forward chaining

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., Kurniati. "APPLICATION OF THE FORWARD CHAINING METHOD IN DOWN SYNDROME PATIENTS". Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi 12, n.º 2 (8 de julio de 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21609/jiki.v12i2.694.

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According to WHO data, the incidence of Down syndrome is 1 in 1,000 live births in the world. Down syndrome is a backward condition in the physical and mental development of children that results from abnormal chromosome development. However, these conditions are often too late to be realized by the parents of the sufferer. By conducting this study using the forward chaining method aims to help parents to do early detection of the level of retardation of Down syndrome. So, with the existence of this application, it is very petrifying for parents to carry out treatment from an early age in the right way. Thus, sufferers of dwon syndrome get maximum support and attention from the people closest and nearby so that children with dwon syndrome can grow happily and have a decent life like other normal children even though this dwon syndrome cannot be cured.

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Honggowibowo, Anton Setiawan. "SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT TANAMAN PADI BERBASIS WEB DENGAN FORWARD DAN BACKWARD CHAINING". TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) 7, n.º 3 (1 de diciembre de 2009): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/telkomnika.v7i3.593.

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Slocum, Sarah K. y Jeffrey H. Tiger. "AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF AND CHILD PREFERENCE FOR FORWARD AND BACKWARD CHAINING". Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 44, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2011): 793–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1901/jaba.2011.44-793.

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Ho, C. Y. y Jen Sriwattanathamma. "Symbolically Automated Direct Kinematic Equations Solver for Robotic Manipulators". Robotica 7, n.º 3 (julio de 1989): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026357470000610x.

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SUMMARYSolving the direct kinematic problem in a symbolic form requires a laborious process of successive multiplications of the link homogeneous transformation matrices and involves a series of algebraic and trigonometric simplifications. The manual production of such solutions is tedious and error-prone. Due to the efficiency of the Prolog language in symbolic processing, a rule–based Prolog program is developed to automate the creation of the following processes: Link transformation matrices; forward kinematic solutions; and the Jacobian matrix. This paper presents the backward recursive formulation techniques, the trigonometric identity rules, and some heuristic rules for implementing the System. A verification of the System has been demonstrated in case of several industrial robots.

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Sasmito, Ginanjar Wiro. "Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Hortikultura dengan Teknik Inferensi Forward dan Backward Chaining". Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 5, n.º 2 (2 de mayo de 2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.5.2.2017.70-75.

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One of the obstacles to doing cultivation of horticulture plant is to overcome pest and disease. Pest and disease attack can decrease productivity and even causes harvest fail that influence toward one of income sources the country. Therefore the diagnose on pest and disease must be done fastly and accurately. One of horticulture plant is red onion and chili plant. An expert system is offered as the second choice after expert on consultation. Using Expert System Development Life Cycle (ESDLC) method, combination inference engine of and backward chaining for diagnosing pest and horticulture plant disease created as giving the solution. The technique of reasoning used in this research is the rule-based. The result of the research is an application that can be used to diagnosis pest and disease horticulture plant, that are red onion and chili. By this application, the farmer can determine quick action should be taken if the farm pests and diseases, without waiting for a consultation with an expert to do the handling. The application result also could be a learning system to the farmer about pest and disease horticulture plant.Salah satu kendala melakukan budidaya tanaman hortikultura adalah dalam mengatasi hama dan penyakit. Serangan hama dan penyakit dapat menurunkan produktivitas dan bahkan menyebabkan gagal panen yang berpengaruh terhadap salah satu sumber devisa negara. Oleh karena itu, diagnosis terhadap hama dan penyakit harus dilakukan dengan cepat dan akurat. Tanaman hortikultura tersebut salah satunya adalah bawang merah dan cabai. Sistem pakar dihadirkan sebagai pilihan kedua setelah pakar dalam melakukan konsultasi. Dengan menggunakan metode Expert System Development Life Cycle (ESDLC), penggabungan teknik inferensi forward dan backward chaining untuk diagnosis hama dan penyakit tanaman hortikultura dibuat sebagai solusi atas permasalahan yang ada. Teknik penalaran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni rule-based reasoning. Hasil penelitian berupa aplikasi yang dapat dijadikan sarana konsultasi untuk melakukan diagnosis terhadap hama dan penyakit tanaman hortikultura, yakni berupa bawang merah dan cabai. Dengan aplikasi ini petani dapat mengetahui tindakan cepat yang harus dilakukan apabila lahan pertaniannya terserang hama dan penyakit, tanpa menunggu konsultasi dengan seorang pakar untuk melakukan penanganan. Aplikasi yang dihasilkan juga dapat dijadikan sebagai sistem pembelajaran bagi petani tentang hama dan penyakit tanaman hortikultura.

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BARGHOUTI, NASER S. y GAIL E. KAISER. "SCALING UP RULE-BASED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 02, n.º 01 (marzo de 1992): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819409200004x.

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Rule-based software development environments (RBDEs) model the software development process in terms of rules that encapsulate development activities, and assist in executing the process via forward and backward chaining over the rule base. We investigate the scaling up of RBDEs to support (1) multiple views of the rule base for multiple users and (2) evolution of the rule base over the lifetime of a project. Our approach is based on clarifying two distinct functions of rules and chaining: maintaining consistency and automation. By definition, consistency is mandatory whereas automation is not. Distinguishing the consistency and automation aspects of RBDE assistance mechanisms makes it possible to formalize the range of compatible views and the scope of mechanizable evolution steps. Throughout the paper, we use the MARVEL RBDE as an example application.

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Ganeswara, Putu Ryan y Cokorda Rai Adi Pramartha. "Ontology-based Approach for Klungkung Royal Family". JELIKU (Jurnal Elektronik Ilmu Komputer Udayana) 8, n.º 4 (21 de marzo de 2020): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jlk.2020.v08.i04.p16.

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Kawitan genealogies form to strengthen family relations by staying in line with their ties. Today, there are many Balinese Hindu searches their heritance. This due to no explicit documentation about the family tree and the Balinese Hindu relies on people memories. To overcome this problem, we develop the ontology of the Family Tree Naritan Kawarya Narem Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori with Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Search Method can overcome problems related to marriage lineage. By using the structured data in the form of an ontology, the computer agents and human will be able to find information related to their genealogy easily, so that there are no more people who are confused with their heritance. The ontology evaluation was conducted on the Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori's family tree. The initial result gave positive feedback toward further development of this ontology. Keywords : Ontology, Family Tree, Methontology

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MAHER, MICHAEL J., ANDREW ROCK, GRIGORIS ANTONIOU, DAVID BILLINGTON y TRISTAN MILLER. "EFFICIENT DEFEASIBLE REASONING SYSTEMS". International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 10, n.º 04 (diciembre de 2001): 483–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213001000623.

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For many years, the non-montonic reasoning community has focussed on highly expressive logics. Such logics have turned out to be computationally expensive, and have given little support to the practical use of non-monotonic reasoning. In this work we discuss defeasible logic, a less-expressive but more efficient non-monotonic logic. We report on two new implemented systems for defeasible logic: a query answering system employing a backward-chaining approach, and a forward-chaining implementation that computes all conclusions. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that the systems can deal with large theories (up to hundreds of thousands of rules). We show that defeasible logic has linear complexity, which contrasts markedly with most other non-monotonic logics and helps to explain the impressive experimental results. We believe that defeasible logic, with its efficiency and simplicity, is a good candidate to be used as a modeling language for practical applications, including modelling of regulations and business rules.

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HUMPERT, B. y A. DE KORVIN. "Optimization and Expert Systems with Neural Networks". International Journal of Modern Physics C 02, n.º 01 (marzo de 1991): 86–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918319100010x.

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Neural Networks (NN) provide the framework for the optimization of highly complex problems, known as NP-complete. At the same time NN allow in an elegant way for the implementation of forward and backward chaining Expert Systems (ESs) where the knowledge is represented by production rules but non-explicit domain knowledge can also be learnt. The use of fuzzy logic allows for the processing of partial and uncertain information. As a representative example for optimization we discuss the Traveling Salesman problem (TSP) covering also recent progress, and subsequently we focus on the connectionist ESs, some of them using fuzzy logic. We finally point to the possibility of a unified framework.

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Cammaerts, Marie-Claire y Roger Cammaerts. "Learning a Behavioral Sequence: An Accessible Challenge for Myrmica sabuleti Workers?" International Journal of Biology 10, n.º 2 (30 de enero de 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v10n2p1.

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We aimed to investigate on the ability of the ant Myrmica sabuleti in learning a behavioral sequence. We created two sequences consisting in navigating through five successive elements on the way to the nest, and tried to learn them to foragers. They could progressively learn a sequence for which the different steps were presented in a backward order. Doing so, each exhibited step leaded to an already known step and thus to the reward consisting in finally entering the nest. The ants were unable to learn a behavioral sequence for which the different steps were presented in a forward order. With the latter kind of presentation, each exhibited step leaded to an unknown step and thus not to the reward. Myrmica sabuleti ants learned thus a behavioral sequence when going through operant conditioning and not by using the response to a step as a motivation for responding to the next step. On the contrary, highly evolved mammals (monkey, humans) and birds (parrots) can learn a behavioral sequence according to a backward or a forward chaining, or by being presented with the entire sequence and memorizing, then imitating the different steps.

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Lestari, Dita y Budi Andayani. "Program Pembelajaran Individual: Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mengancingkan Baju pada Anak Disabilitas Intelektual Sedang". AL-ATHFAL : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ANAK 6, n.º 1 (25 de junio de 2020): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/al-athfal.2020.61-03.

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This study aims to observe the effectiveness of Individual Learning Program on improving shirt-buttoning skills among children with moderate intellectual disabilities. This study hypothesizes that the students' ability to button their shirts improved after applying the Individual Learning Program approach to the chaining learning method. The participants of this study were four students with moderate intellectual disabilities ranging in age from 10-12 years. The four participants were selected based on interviews with the homeroom teacher and parents as well as observations that showed that participants had low skills in buttoning up their clothes. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a single subject research design in which data analysis uses descriptive statistical analysis consisting of two steps: (1) analysis in two conditions and (2) analysis between conditions. This study's data were analyzed using visual image data analysis techniques. The results showed that the Individual Learning Program with chaining learning strategies, both backward and forward, and the total task presentation could effectively improve buttoning skills in children with intellectual disabilities.

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Hur, J. y S. Osborne. "A COMPARISON OF FORWARD AND BACKWARD CHAINING METHODS USED IN TEACHING CORSAGE MAKING SKILLS TO MENTALLY RETARDED ADULTS". British Journal of Development Disabilities 39, n.º 77 (julio de 1993): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bjdd.1993.013.

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Azizah, Nur, Syarah . y Pepy Diah Setiawati. "RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT TANAMAN PADI BERBASIS WEB". CSRID (Computer Science Research and Its Development Journal) 5, n.º 1 (21 de octubre de 2015): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22303/csrid.5.1.2013.63-74.

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ABSTRAK Tanaman padi dapat diserang berbagai macam penyakit, penyakit tersebut dapat diketahui dari gejala-gejala yang ditimbulkannya, akan tetapi untuk mengetahui secara tepat jenis penyakit yang menyerang padi tersebut, memerlukan seorang pakar/ahli pertanian Sedangkan jumlah pakar pertanian terbatas dan tidak dapat mengatasi permasalahan petani dalam waktu yang bersamaan, sehingga diperlukan suatu sistem yang mempunyai kemampuan seperti seorang pakar, yang mana didalam sistem ini berisi pengetahuan keahlian seorang pakar pertanian mengenai penyakit dan gejala tanaman padi. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sistem pakar berbasis web menggunakan basis aturan (rule based reasoning) dengan metode inferensi forward chaining dan backward chaining yang dimaksudkan untuk membantu petani dalam mendiagnosa penyakit tanaman padi. Sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit tanaman padi berbasis web yang telah dikembangkan mempunyai keunggulan dalam kemudahan akses dan kemudahan pemakaian. Dengan fitur yang berbasis web yang dimiliki, sistem pakar untuk diagnosa penyakit tanaman padi yang telah dibangun dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk diagnosa penyakit tanaman padi dan dapat diakses oleh petani dimanapun juga untuk mengatasi persoalan keterbatasan jumlah pakar pertanian dalam membantu petani mendiagnosa penyakit tanaman padi.

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Hartono, Sri. "Sistem Evaluasi Jamunan Mutu Menggunakan Rule Based System Untuk Monitoring Mutu Perguruan Tinggi". JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI BISNIS 7, n.º 1 (27 de mayo de 2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21456/vol7iss1pp24-31.

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The needs for continuous quality improvement resulting in the more complex. The research aims to develop system of quality assurance evaluation using rule based system to monitor the quality of higher education. This process of the research begins by documenting the daily activity of study program which consists of lecturer data, research data, service data, staff data, student data, and infrastructure data into a database. The data were evaluated by using rule based system by adopting rules on quality standards of study program of National Accreditation Board for Higher Education as the knowledge base. Evaluation process was carried out by using the forward chaining methods by matching the existing data to the knowledge base to determine the quality status of each quality standard. While the reccomendation process was carried out by using the backward chaining methods by matching the results of quality status to the desired projection of quality status to determine the nearest target which can be achieved. The result of the research is system of quality assurance evaluation with rule based system that is capable of producing an output system in the form of internal evaluation report and recommendation system that can be used to monitor the quality of higher education.

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Asoh, D. A., S. F. Boyom y S. Y. Kwankam. "Fault Diagnosis in an Expert System for Health Services Management in the Tropics". Methods of Information in Medicine 36, n.º 02 (marzo de 1997): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634699.

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Abstract:An integrated large-scale expert system called Health-2000, for the management of health services in regions where tropical diseases are endemic, has been designed. This system combines knowledge and databases, the contents of which are operated upon by an inference engine, to produce usable information. The system allows a host of applications, ranging from medical diagnosis to fault detection and preventive maintenance of biomedical equipment.The theoretical background and approach used in the development of the fault diagnosis and equipment maintenance sub-system of Health-2000 is presented. Model-based knowledge acquisition, and an extension of the Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis are two methodologies applied to build its knowledge bases. The inference engine which supports backward and forward chaining, operates on numerical and non-numerical facts, and uses fuzzy logic to handle vague and uncertain knowledge. Fault isolation proceeds in a top-down fashion, from equipment sub-system, to modules and components.

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PEUSCHEL, BURKHARD, WILHELM SCHAFER y STEFAN WOLF. "A KNOWLEDGE-BASED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT SUPPORTING COOPERATIVE WORK". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 02, n.º 01 (marzo de 1992): 79–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194092000051.

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The subject of this paper is the description of a process-centered software development environment called MERLIN which monitors and guides teams of software developers and managers in producing software objects. Software objects (or objects for short) include all sorts of documents like requirements analysis, design, code, user manuals, contracts etc. For each user, MERLIN automatically displays a specific working context which contains information like objects, their relations, their current development state, and corresponding tools. This information is filtered according to the (access) rights and duties a particular user has in a particular project, i.e. the working context depends on the user's role (e.g. programmer, designer, manager). Internally, the computation of the information to be contained in a working context, is based on a rulelike definition of a software process and a flexible interpretation mechanism to enact such a process definition. The main feature of the interpreter is an alternating use of backward and forward chaining for the interpretation of rules. In addition, our implementation enables a persistent storage and incremental update during runtime of all process information expressed in facts within the MERLIN knowledge base.

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BOUTSINAS, BASILIS. "ACCESSING DATA MINING RULES THROUGH EXPERT SYSTEMS". International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 01, n.º 04 (diciembre de 2002): 657–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622002000373.

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Data mining is an emerging research area that develops techniques for knowledge discovery in huge volumes of data. Usually, data mining rules can be used either to classify data into predefined classes, or to partition a set of patterns into disjoint and homogeneous clusters, or to reveal frequent dependencies among data. The discovery of data mining rules would not be very useful unless there are mechanisms to help analysts access them in a meaningful way. Actually, documenting and reporting the extracted knowledge is of considerable importance for the successful application of data mining in practice. In this paper, we propose a methodology for accessing data mining rules, which is based on using an expert system. We present how the different types of data mining rules can be transformed into the domain knowledge of any general-purpose expert system. Then, we present how certain attribute values given by the user as facts and/or goals can determine, through a forward and/or backward chaining, the related data mining rules. In this paper, we also present a case study that demonstrates the applicability of the proposed methodology.

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Cammaerts, Marie-Claire y Roger Cammaerts. "Ants Can Acquire Some Serial Recognition". International Journal of Biology 10, n.º 2 (30 de marzo de 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijb.v10n2p31.

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Aiming to define the ants’ cognitive abilities, we examined if they could learn a correct sequence and recognize it among others made of the same elements but otherwise ordered. We first trained them to a sequence of three elements. They could recognize the correct sequence from the two wrong sequences, reaching a score of 66.9% after 8 training days, what was a rather low though statistically significant score. When trained to a sequence of 4 elements, the ants could also recognize the correct sequence from three wrong ones, reaching the low though statistically significant score of 51.2% in 8 training days. In this second experiment, the ants appeared to better learn the two last elements of the sequence (those directly associated with the reward) than the two first ones. This was in agreement with our previous finding that ants could learn a behavioral sequence only if trained according to a backwards chaining, i.e. if firstly presented with the element associated to the reward. Such kind of learning is in fact some operant conditioning, and apparently differs from what occurs in vertebrates since the latter learn a behavioral sequence under a backward as well as a forward method, and better remember not only the last but also the first element of a series. The neural mechanism(s) underlying serial recognition may thus at least partly differ between vertebrates and invertebrates.

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Kitchingman, Taneile A., Coralie J. Wilson, Peter Caputi, Ian Wilson y Alan Woodward. "Telephone Crisis Support Workers' Psychological Distress and Impairment". Crisis 39, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2018): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000454.

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Abstract. Background: In order to respond to crises with appropriate intervention, crisis workers are required to manage their own needs as well as the needs of those they respond to. Aims: A systematic review of the literature was conducted to examine whether telephone crisis support workers experience elevated symptoms of psychological distress and are impaired by elevated symptoms. Method: Studies were identified in April 2015 by searching three databases, conducting a gray literature search, and forward and backward citation chaining. Results: Of 113 identified studies, seven were included in the review. Results suggest that that telephone crisis support workers experience symptoms of vicarious traumatization, stress, burnout, and psychiatric disorders, and that they may not respond optimally to callers when experiencing elevated symptoms of distress. However, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn due to the paucity and methodological limitations of available data. Limitations: While the most comprehensive search strategy possible was adopted, resource constraints meant that conference abstracts were not searched and authors were not contacted for additional unpublished information. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to identify the impact of telephone crisis support workers' role on their well-being, the determinants of worker well-being in the telephone crisis support context, and the extent to which well-being impacts their performance and caller outcomes. This will help inform strategies to optimize telephone crisis support workers' well-being and their delivery of support to callers.

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Danstrup, Christian Sander, Mette Marcussen, Inge Søkilde Pedersen, Henrik Jacobsen, Karen Dybkær y Michael Gaihede. "DNA methylation biomarkers in peripheral blood of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. A systematic review". PLOS ONE 15, n.º 12 (17 de diciembre de 2020): e0244101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244101.

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Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are often diagnosed in advanced stages. In search of new diagnostic tools, focus has shifted towards the biological properties of the HNSCC, and the number of different biomarkers under investigation is rapidly growing. Objectives The objective was to review the current literature regarding aberrantly methylated DNA found in peripheral blood plasma or serum in patients with HNSCC and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these changes. Methods The inclusion criteria were clinical studies involving patients with verified HNSCC that reported findings of aberrantly methylated DNA in peripheral blood serum or plasma. We systematically searched PubMed, OVID Embase and Cochrane Library. In addition to the search, we performed forward and backward chaining in references and Web of Science. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42019135406. Two authors independently extracted data. The quality and the risk of bias of the included studies were assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool. Results A total of 1,743 studies were found eligible for screening, while ultimately seven studies were included. All studies were found to have methodological weaknesses, mainly concerning patient selection bias. The best individual marker of HNSCC was Septin 9 in plasma with a sensitivity of 57% and a specificity of 95%. Conclusions None of the aberrantly methylated genes found in the retrieved studies are applicable as single diagnostic markers for HNSCC and the best gene-panels still lack diagnostic accuracy. Future studies may benefit from newer sequencing techniques but validation studies with well-designed cohorts are also needed in the process of developing epigenetic based diagnostic tests for HNSCC.

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Satyareni, Diema Hernyka. "SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT INFEKSI TROPIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FORWARD DAN BACKWARD CHAINING". Teknologi 1, n.º 2 (7 de mayo de 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.26594/teknologi.v1i2.50.

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ABSTRAK Terminologi Sistem Pakar diartikan sebagai sistem komputer yang dapat melakukan penghampiran terhadap logika pengambilan keputusan dari manusia pakar. Dengan menggunakan logika inferensi forward untuk membuat diagnosis awalnya dan backward chaining digunakan untuk proses konsultasi diharapkan dapat dibangun sebuah sistem pakar yang berbasis teknologi informasi untuk membuat diagnosis penyakit infeksi tropis. Hasil aplikasi yang telah dibuat mendekati hasil diagnosis yang dibuat seorang dokter penyakit infeksi tropis. Kata kunci : penyakit infeksi tropis, inferensi forward dan backwardÂ chaining ABSTRACT Expertise system in terminology is a computer system aiming for closest estimation trough the decision making logical from the expert. Using â€œforward inferenceâ€ logical for initial diagnosis and â€œbackward chainingâ€ for consulting processes, hopefully an information technology expertise system could be built to diagnose the tropical infection diseases and the result is as close as the expert, in this case a specialist doctor for tropical infection diseases, made. Key words:Â tropical infection diseases, forward and backward chaining inference

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Kapoor, Namarta y Nischay Bahl. "Comparative Study Of Forward And Backward Chaining In Artificial Intelligence". International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science, 26 de abril de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijecs/v5i4.32.

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Gill, Amaninder Singh, Joshua D. Summers y Chiradeep Sen. "Impact of Chaining Method and Level of Completion on Accuracy of Function Structure-Based Market Price Prediction Models". Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 19, n.º 4 (31 de agosto de 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4043210.

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AbstractThe goal of this paper is to explore how different modeling approaches for constructing function structure models and different levels of model completion affect the ability to make inferences (reason) on the resulting information within the respective models. Specifically, the function structure models are used to predict market prices of products, predictions that are then compared based on their accuracy and precision. This work is based on previous studies on understanding how function modeling and the use of topological information from design graphs can be used to predict information with historical training. It was found that forward chaining was the least favorable chaining type irrespective of the level of completion, whereas the backward-chaining models performed relatively better across all completion levels. Given the poor performance of the nucleation models at the highest level of completion, future research must be directed toward understanding and employing the methods yielding the most accuracy. Moreover, the results from this simulation-based study can be used to develop modeling guidelines for designers or students, when constructing function models.

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Syaifuddin, Muhammad y Anton Setiawan Honggowibowo. "SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT BAYI DAN BALITA BERBASIS ANDROID DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA DEPTH FIRST SEARCH". Compiler 3, n.º 2 (1 de noviembre de 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.28989/compiler.v3i2.74.

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It is a must for children (infants and toddlers) to get more attention due to their health because their body’s protections are not yet strong. This makes them susceptible for germs, bacteria, and viruses attacks. Those attacks cause disease. This disease symptom could appear all of sudden to the children. It makes their parents afraid, especially for those who have less sensitiveness for the symptom. For this reason, I make an application based on android smartphone expert system to provide information on type of disease, treatment, and prevention based on the symptoms given. This application uses forward chaining and backward chaining inference engine to make conclusion, and Depth First Search algorithms for searching the method. The result shows that this application could help parents in giving some information about common diseases attacked to infants and toddlers. This application facilitates them in delivering information which can be accessed anywhere as first aid for infants and toddlers who indicated disease.

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Almulla, Mohammed A. "Location-based expert system for diabetes diagnosis and medication recommendation". Kuwait Journal of Science 48, n.º 1 (23 de diciembre de 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.48129/kjs.v48i1.8687.

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Using expert systems in the medical field has been practiced continuously for the past decades. There are attempts of using expert systems for a diabetes diagnosis. In this paper, we go further by proposing an expert system that not only diagnoses diabetes but also recommends the right medication depending on the location where the patient lives and on the symptoms of the patient and other effective factors. This system can be very helpful to many diabetic patients, especially to those who are not aware of their disease type or how to control it. The system outputs a list of names of locally available brand names of medications that suit the diabetes type of the patient and that do not pose any danger to the health of the patients according to their symptoms, effective factors, and results of the patients’ medical tests. Our expert system is capable of reasoning using either forward chaining or backward chaining. The rules in the knowledge base are collected from several medical textbooks and articles published in scientific journals, periodicals, and international conferences. To verify the content of the knowledge base, a medical expert and a pharmacist working in Kuwait were consulted.

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