Tesis: "Public spaces Communities"

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Vargas, Ana Cristina S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Tracing public space : a participatory approach to transform public spaces in low-income communities". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91418.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 133-135).
Rapid urban growth has challenged our traditional planning methods. It has been a driver for the increase of overcrowded informal settlements in major cities of the developing world, which shelter one third of the world population. Lack of infrastructure, open spaces, and unsafe structures challenge the livelihoods of their citizens. Consequently, over the last fifty years, governments have addressed this issue in different ways, from eradicating informal settlements and building new housing, to retrofitting the existing conditions with infrastructure and public spaces through slum rehabilitation. Accepting the idea of working with existing developments to improve the status quo, architects, planners, artists and activists in general have relied on participatory planning and community engagement to improve urban conditions by addressing underlying local needs through small-scale interventions. This thesis introduces a new methodology to study, create awareness and inspire future leaders, children, to take action to transform public spaces in high-density informal settlements. It proposes a multi scalar bottom-up analysis, with innovative tools of representation and design to address the challenges of community public spaces. The 'Tracing Public Space' method has been developed through fieldwork in India, Venezuela and the USA. The method is based in observation, representation and design using a 'toolkit' that enables a two-way learning process between the designer as an 'outsider' and children as 'insiders'. The thesis is focused on fieldwork done in the Malvani Transit Camp in Mumbai where over forty years of informal and permanent growth the existence of open shared courtyards is threatened. These small-scale open spaces are crucial for communities, and particularly for the women and children who are their main users. Tracing Public Space becomes a vehicle to sensitize the community to protect courtyards from encroachments and promote an inclusive and adaptive use of shared space.
by Ana Cristina Vargas.
S.M.

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Van, den Heever Annemie. "Field public space infrastructure". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02162007-161618.

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Smith, Mone. "Interactive dwelling public space, private space and the space in-between /". PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2007. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/47.

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Dantile, Andiswa Mesatywa. "Language in public spaces : language choice in two IsiXhosa speaking communities (Langa and Khayelitsha)". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97060.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this thesis was to investigate language in public spaces, specifically looking at language choices in two IsiXhosa speaking communities, namely Langa and Khayelitsha. The thesis, therefore, sought to determine why the two communities, which are inhabited largely by L1 IsiXhosa speakers, appear to be dominated by English and Afrikaans in public areas, with minimal presence of IsiXhosa. Possible contributors to the perceived language shift in public spaces include local entrepreneurs, the media (two community newspapers), the government (in their offices and advertisements) and the linguistic landscape itself (formal and informal language usage). The communities of Langa and Khayelitsha are both identified as previously disadvantaged communities with large parts of its population being less affluent due to limited educational opportunities, unemployment and a general lack of skills. A questionnaire, administered to 100 inhabitants of Langa and Khayelitsha, provided data on the perceptions of language use in public spaces in these communities as well as participants’ preferences with regard to language use in public spaces. This study provides evidence that the language use in public spaces in these two communities is not fully diverse and inclusive as it only targets individuals who either have advance formal education or are at least reasonably comfortable with English and Afrikaans. Examples of formal and informal signage examined, such as advertisements, government notices and community-related notices, show that the language used is that of the advertisers or officials, who are typically non-speakers of IsiXhosa, and not that of the target market for which the content is intended. The language preferences of the designers of the signage in public spaces are thus foregrounded at the cost of, and in spite of, the language preferences of those who live within the communities of Langa and Khayelitsha.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis het beoog om taal in publieke ruimtes te ondersoek deur spesifiek te kyk na taalkeuse in twee Xhosa-sprekende gemeenskappe, naamlik Langa en Khayelitsha. Die tesis het dus gepoog om vas te stel waarom hierdie twee gemeenskappe wat grootendeels Xhosaeerstetaalsprekend is, grootliks deur Engels en Afrikaans in publieke ruimtes bedien word met minimale isiXhosa teenwoordigheid. Van die rolspelers wat tot hierdie tipe taalverskuiwing in openbare ruimtes kon bygedra het, sluit in plaaslike entrepeneurs, die media (twee gemeenskapnuusblaaie), die regering (in hulle kantore en advertensies) asook die taallandskap self (formele en informele taalgebruik). Die gemeenskappe van Langa en Khayelitsha word albei geïdentifiseer asvoorheenbenadeelde gemeenskappe met die meerderheid van die inwoners minder gegoed as gevolg van beperkte opvoedkundige geleenthede, werkloosheid en 'n algemene gebrek aan vaardighede. ‘n Vraelys wat deur 100 inwoners van Langa en Khayelitsha ingevul is, het data voorsien oor die persepsies van taalgebruik in openbare ruimtes in hierdie gemeenskappe, sowel as oor deelnemrs se voorkeure met betrekking tot taalgebruik in openbare ruimtes. Hierdie studie bied getuienis dat die taalgebruik in hierdie twee gemeenskappe nie ten volle divers en inklusief is nie, aangesien dit slegs taalgebruikers teiken wat beduidende formele opleiding het en wat ten minste redelik met Afrikaans en Engels bekend is. Voorbeelde van formele en informele kennisgewings, soos advertensies, regeringsinligting en gemeenskapsaketoon aan dat die taalgebruik eerder die adverteerders of amptenare wat nié Xhosa-sprekend is nie, in ag neem, as die teikenmark op wie die inhoud eintlik gemik is. Die taalvoorkeure van die ontwerpers van openbare kennisgewings kry dus voorkeur bo, en ten spyte van die taalvoorkeure van diegene wat binne die gemeenskappe van Langa en Khayelitsha leef.

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Cepparo, Maria Paula. "Public Spaces in Desert Communities: The Study of Cases in Mendoza, Argentina and in Tucson, Arizona". The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555352.

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Wai, Chi-keung. "Community planning of Shenzhen's residential districts". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25803426.

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Irving, Brook Alys. "The Rhetorical Dimensions of Place-making: Texts, Structures, and Movement in Atlantic Station". Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/54/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.
Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 28, 2010) Jeffrey Bennett, committee chair; Katherine Hankins, Mary Stuckey, Tomasz Tabako, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-134).

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韋志強 y Chi-keung Wai. "Community planning of Shenzhen's residential districts". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31980041.

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Bitencourt, Ana Carolina D'avila. "Cidades - espa?os urbanos (?): a esfera de vida p?blica diante de novas territorialidades urbanas, estudo de caso no munic?pio de Valinhos - SP". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2008. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/60.

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This study researches the urban dynamic and the expansion of the city through the residential lot-like condominium form in the city of Valinhos, Campinas metropolitan area, state of S?o Paulo. It is analyzed how this new areas have provided a new culture in living, regarding the mentioned metropolitan area. In this sense, this study aims to show a new urban dynamic and analyses the emergence of this new way of living and its impact in the urban structures. Understanding this changes that occurred in the city, since the 70's of the last century, give a base to discuss the new urban spaces, which recreate the forms and uses of a traditional city, but in a different and excluding way. The contemporary city analyzed in its fragments, shows the peculiarity of urban growth and the sociability interaction in the space.
Neste trabalho investiga-se a din?mica urbana e a expans?o da cidade contempor?nea atrav?s dos condom?nios horizontais fechados no munic?pio de Valinhos - SP, discutindo como esses novos espa?os t?m propiciado uma nova cultura na forma de morar na escala metropolitana. Nesse sentido, esta disserta??o tem como objetivo apresentar uma nova din?mica urbana de produ??o da cidade e refletir sobre a emerg?ncia dessa nova forma de moradia e seus reflexos nas estruturas urbanas da cidade. Compreender as mudan?as que ocorreram na cidade, desde a d?cada de 1970, embasa as an?lises sobre os novos espa?os urbanos, que recriam as formas e os usos da cidade tradicional de forma excludente. A urbaniza??o contempor?nea analisada em seus fragmentos, evidencia as peculiaridades do espraiamento urbano e as formas de sociabilidade no espa?o.

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Bergh, Maria. "Community Ecology: Public Interventions for Communities at Risk". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337085243.

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Anderson, Nancy. "Art and public policy defining public space through the Re-Imaging Communities Programme 2006-2010". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.705643.

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The Re-Imaging Communities Programme ran from 2006 to 2010 as a way for groups to apply for funding to address sectarian and aggressive imagery. This research explores the context in which the Programme occurred, who was involved, and to what extent it affected change on the symbolic inventory used in Loyalist areas in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Simon Harrison’s Four Types of Symbolic Conflict acts as a framework for the research to explore of the power dynamic of those involved in the Programme. The research posits that the first symbolic conflict is achieved through the use of commoditisation to define and change the value of a symbol. The second is accomplished by using the Programme to alter the context of the symbol, thus attempting to change its interpretation. The third conflict occurs through the use of language to target and categorise specific groups with a focus on gaining access to and changing their symbolic inventory. Finally, the last conflict is examined by addressing the issue of privatisation of work and of altering the symbolic inventory through the control of funding. The changes that occurred through participation in the Re-Imaging Communities Programme led to increased dialogue and interaction between local groups, politicians, and funders but it did not fundamentally change the symbolic inventory in these areas.

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Ren, Lanbin. "Public Space and Community Identity: A Study of Residential Communities in Xi’an, China". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1187116150.

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Smailes, Peter John y peter smailes@adelaide edu au. "Redefining the Local: the social organisation of rural space in South Australia, 1982-2006". Flinders University. Geography, Population and Environmental Management, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20061005.151832.

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This thesis brings together a series of existing and ongoing pieces of research, conducted over a period of some years. There are five primary aims. The first is to construct a coherent empirical picture of the social organisation of space in rural South Australia by the early 1980s, at the outset of a period of turmoil and rapid change. The second is to bring together two relevant but disparate levels of theory (globalisation/structural change and localism/place attachment), to understand the impact of the rural crisis of 1984-94 on rural communities, families and individuals. The third is to trace the context and development of the crisis itself, the resultant poverty, demographic change, and reduced socio-economic viability of communities. Fourthly, the theoretical and empirical findings are applied to the search for an altered accommodation between society and space, through which a modified and regrouped but still essentially intact rural society can survive beyond the crisis. Finally, I reflect on the methodological contribution and limitations of the thesis, and also on the ethical concerns and values confronting an academic researcher reporting on a local- or micro-level social tragedy, concealed and rationalised by national macro-level success. Chapter 1 deals with fundamental concepts and epistemology. Chapter 2 sketches the evolution of the South Australian rural habitat up to the 1980s. Chapter 3 examines macro-level theory on globalisation in the structuralist and political economy traditions, which seek to explain the forces changing the politico-economic ground rules within which rural communities have to operate. Chapter 4 examines theory relating to the world of the individual person and his/her most immediate social reference groups - family, neighbourhood and community. It presents a model of place-making, and evaluates the contributions of various disciplines towards understanding specific aspects of this process, particularly rural sociology, social and humanistic geography, structuration theory and theory relating to human territoriality. Chapter 5 reveals how individuals and local social groups actually occupied space and developed place-attachment in rural South Australia in the early 1980s. It draws on field studies carried out between 1979 and 1986, and on a 1982-83 postal sample survey of 2000 rural households. Chapter 6 traces the course of a decade of almost continuous rural crisis, from about 1984. It shows how the global economy and political decisions (international, national and State) flowed through to rural people and places. Demographic and economic impacts are examined at State level, with a regional example. Chapters 7 (quantitative) and 8 (qualitative) examine the changes wrought by the crisis on rural society and the social organisation of space. They draw on a 1992/93 replication of the previous postal survey to demonstrate the persistence and continuity of major features of the rural society, but also the fragility of the current spatial organisation. The widespread rural poverty in the early 1990s and its impact on the state of rural morale are demonstrated, along with perceived changes in key community characteristics, and divergence of the economic from the social organisation of rural space. Chapter 9 assesses requirements for a socially sustainable rural Australia, in the light of the last ten yearsï¿½ developments in rural research. It argues the need for the focus of localism to be re-defined upwards from individual community to regional level Finally in Chapter 10, I reflect on the contribution and limitations of the thesis, and on the wider problem of the role academics could, should and do play in relation to the deeply meaningful social transformations we purport to study.

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Wong, Lok-yin Lloyd. "Theatre, matrix of urban space : community's focus on Gough Street /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25954635.

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Robson, James. "Teachers' professional identity in the digital world : a digital ethnography of Religious Education teachers' engagement in online social space". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:622a9d6c-0fbf-4eaa-9882-4189f5e99069.

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This thesis presents an ethnographic investigation of teachers’ peer-to-peer engagement in online social spaces, using the concept of teachers’ professional identity as a framework to shape and focus the study. Using Religious Education (RE) as a strong example of the wider phenomenon of teachers’ online engagement, three online social spaces (the Times Educational Supplement’s RE Forum, the National Association of Teachers of RE Facebook Page, and the Save RE Facebook Group) were investigated as case studies. A year was spent in these spaces with digital ethnographic research taking place simultaneously in each one. Data gathering primarily took the form of participant observations, in depth analysis of time-based sampled text (three 8-week samples from each space), online and offline narrative based interviews and, to a lesser extent, questionnaires, elite interviews and analysis of grey literature. The study finds that engagement in the online social spaces offered teachers opportunities to perform and construct their professional identities across a variety of topics ranging from local practical concerns to national political issues. In more practical topics the spaces could often be observed as acting as communities of practice in which professional learning took place and identities were constructed, with such online professional development influencing offline classroom practice. However, engaging across this spectrum of topics afforded users a broad conception of what it means to be a teacher, where professional identity was understood as going beyond classroom practice and integrating engagement with subject-wide, political and policy related issues at a national level. Such engagement provided many users with a feeling of belonging to a national community of peers, which, alongside political activism initiated in online interaction and meaning making debates concerning the future and identity of the subject, provided teachers with feelings of empowerment and a sense of ownership of their subject. However, the study found that teachers’ online engagement took place within structures embedded in the online social spaces that influenced and shaped engagement and the ways in which users’ professional identities were performed and constructed. These structures were linked with the design and technical affordances of the spaces, the agendas of the parent organisations that provided the spaces, and the discourses that dominated the spaces. These aspects of the spaces provided a structure that limited engagement, content and available online identity positions while additionally projecting ideal identity positions, distinctive in each space. These ideal identity positions had a constructive influence over many users who aspired to these ideals, often gaining confidence through expressing such socially validated ideals or feeling inadequate when failing to perform such ideal identity positions. Thus, this study finds a complex relationship between agency linked with active online identity performance and the constructive influence of embedded structures that contributed to the shaping of users’ engagement and their understandings of themselves as professionals and their subject.

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王樂賢 y Lok-yin Lloyd Wong. "Theatre, matrix of urban space: community's focus on Gough Street". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986869.

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Moore, G. E. "The effectiveness of small-scale urban public open space regeneration processes at delivering sustainable communities : UK case study - Groundwork North London". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/774340/.

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The essence of engagement-driven regeneration is the involvement of a range of stakeholders, including local people, in the planning and delivery of regeneration schemes to improve their local area. This approach rests upon the assumption that involving a range of stakeholders in decision-making has a key role in making the regeneration of urban areas sustainable. The intention of this research is to investigate whether the processes used to deliver sustainable communities in the urban environment are effective. Specifically, the scope of this thesis is the regeneration of small, open, urban public spaces and how, why and to what extent the practical mechanisms and social processes used to understand and deliver 'sustainability' are effective and appropriate. Furthermore the research examines stakeholders' experiences of one engagement-driven approach to regeneration intended to deliver sustainable communities. This research uses a case study design, set within an inductive, interpretative, theoretical framework. The research focuses upon a Case Study of a UK environmental regeneration charity called Groundwork. The regeneration projects undertaken by Groundwork have the dual aim of urban improvement and social change. Groundwork operates in partnership with local people, businesses and local authorities taking an engagement-driven approach to regeneration. A mixed methodological approach is used within this thesis, incorporating document analysis, semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and photography and walking. The research explores and documents the practical manifestations of what an engagement-driven approach to regeneration consists of in practice: dissecting, describing and critically reviewing one regeneration model. The examination of the processes by which stakeholders engage in urban regeneration revealed a model of order and control; a managed process, with clear steps and stages to the process of change. This research illustrates that through the process of engagement and change, the dynamics and relations between individuals alter. The study offers a critical distinction between the engaged and the engager (those who manage the process of engagement), relating to the concepts of structure, power and agency within the process of engagement. The processes of engagement created a different dynamic -not just between regeneration agencies and the local residents -but within these groupings. The ethos of the Case Study, of dialogue, engagement and exchange, can get diluted and distorted by the realities on the ground. Thinking of the regeneration in this way will have implications on how the effectiveness and success of such initiatives are assessed.

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Barbour, Frank Shaw. "Recreation as destination how a public recreation space influences physical activity in a low-income neighborhood in a small Mississippi town /". Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2008. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11092007-115745.

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Sukupová, Kristína. "Mestská zeleň a inštitucionálny rámec jej zabezpečovania". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113947.

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The thesis Urban green spaces and its institutional framework attempts to analyze different cases of urban green spaces foundation and administration in which various public and private entities act. Based on these foundations it tries to come with an overview of the most important forms of provision of greenery in cities. Through research of available literature we came to the understanding that greenery in urban environments is not just a result of municipal service provided by a public authority but to its foundation, administration, financing and maintenance contribute also other entities. The overview created in the thesis is not exhaustive but can serve as an inspiration for various subjects at a time when local public authorities do not have sufficient resources to ensure satisfactory range and quality of public green.

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Dalby, Laura. "Weak Governance, Divided Residents: The Development of Gated Communities in Guatemala City". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26269.

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This thesis asks the question: how can one describe the development of gated communities in Guatemala City? It collects and analyzes data on gated communities in Guatemala City in order to explore the nature of their development in a violent geographical region, which has also been neglected by the academic community. It argues that the development of gated communities in Guatemala City does not fit the mutually exclusive ‘security’ argument as scholars have made. Instead, a mixture of economic factors, social status, weak governance, and security concerns are involved as large private corporations draw upon security-related fears, unregulated development of real estate and weak governance, resulting in a disorganized model of spatial organization. This study adds to the growing body of literature on gated communities by laying the groundwork needed to fill the gap that currently exists in Central America.

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Bürgi, Julia. "The inclusion and exclusion of Somali communities as seen through the publicness of space in Nairobi and Stockholm". Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-238784.

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The neighborhoods of Eastleigh in Nairobi, Kenya and Rinkeby in Stockholm, Sweden are both home to Somali populations that have burgeoned over the last 25 years. While situated in vastly different urban contexts, the Somali communities in each location have needs related to public space, particularly when considering their status in both places as a minority group that is often marginalized by Kenyan and Swedish societies. By examining the experiences of each of these two communities in public space and the level of publicness they experience, we can see how the Somali community can be made to feel included or excluded within each city. Using Setha Low’s framework of categorical activities that contribute to a flourishing society, the publicness of spaces in each location is investigated. In addition, the study explores the ways in which publicness is under threat in both places through the means of technologies of control. The resistance to such technologies is argued as symbolic of the fight for inclusion within Kenyan and Swedish society.

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Philip, Noble C. "Understanding the Journey of Inner-City Communities to a Sense of Community and Well-Being". Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Management / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casedm1556803713717009.

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Arantes, Rafael de Aguiar. "Fugindo dos "males" da cidade: os condomínios fechados na grande Salvador". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2011. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/12010.

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Entre as tendências dominantes na dinâmica atual das cidades mundiais está o aumento da auto-segregação das camadas de média e alta renda e a proliferação de condomínios fechados, fortificados e protegidos, onde essas camadas vêm se refugiando em busca de segurança e qualidade de vida. O presente trabalho analisa este fenômeno, com base em uma pesquisa realizada na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS). Nessa região, os condomínios fechados surgiram de antigos conjuntos habitacionais e loteamentos privados da década de 1970 e 1980. Esses empreendimentos se direcionavam paras as camadas médias, especialmente assalariados, que buscavam ter acesso à casa própria e ter mais qualidade de vida, propiciada pela distância do centro urbano e pelo contato maior com a natureza. Oferecer mais liberdade, autonomia, espaço e opções de lazer para os filhos era um dos elementos centrais nesse contexto. Esses empreendimentos não nasceram fechados, e vão ganhando essa condição ao longo da década de 1980. A partir da década de 1990, contudo, novos empreendimentos surgem, já como condomínios fechados e incorporados pelo mercado, que valoriza através de peças publicitárias a moradia em locais protegidos, seguros e monitorados. Nesse novo contexto, alteram-se o perfil dos moradores, agora também setores das camadas mais altas, e a motivação para se morar nesses espaços. Associados a elementos relativos à qualidade de vida (tranqüilidade, estrutura privativa de lazer, e principalmente morar numa casa) cresce a importância do componente da segurança, de modo que a proliferação de condomínios fechados na RMS passa se configurar como um afastamento dos problemas urbanos, uma busca de tudo aquilo que os moradores acreditam não mais poder encontrar na cidade. Desse modo, a análise dos condomínios fechados na RMS permite inferir que, ao mesmo tempo em que eles são a expressão da crise dos espaços públicos, ao propiciar “soluções” individualistas e privatistas, reafirmam ainda mais aquela crise, contribuindo para o fim de um modelo de cidade moderna, que se pautava nos espaços públicos, abertos e plurais, na diversidade e na heterogeneidade. Among dominant trends in current dynamics of world cities is increasing self-segregation of the middle and upper-classes and the proliferation of gated communities, fortified and protected, where these layers have been taking refuge in a search for security and quality of life. This paper analyzes this phenomenon, based on a research in the Salvador Metropolitan Region. In this region, gated communities have emerged from former housing and private housing developments of the 1970s and 1980s. These projects were directed to the middle classes, especially employees, who sought access to home ownership and have a better quality of life afforded by the distance from the urban center and the greater contact with nature. Offer more freedom, autonomy, space and entertainment options for children was a central element in this context. These projects were not born walled, and moved ahead this condition throughout the 1980s. From the 1990s, however, new developments arise, already as gated communities and incorporated by the market, which values through advertising in local housing safe, secure and monitored. In this new context, change the profile of residents, now also sectors of the higher layers, and the motivation to live in these spaces. Associated with elements of quality of life (quiet, private leisure structure, and mainly live in houses) increases the importance of the security component, so that the proliferation of gated communities in the RMS is to configure itself as a departure from the urban problems a search of all that the villagers believe can no longer find in the city. Thus, the analysis of gated communities in this metropolitan region allows the inference that, while they are the expression of the crisis of public spaces, by providing individualistic and private "solutions", further reaffirm that crisis, contributing to the end of a model modern city, which was guided in public spaces, open and plural, that is, diversity and heterogeneity.
Salvador

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Dario, Julien. "Géographie d’une ville fragmentée : morphogenèse, gouvernance des voies et impacts de la fermeture résidentielle à Marseille". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0190.

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Le phénomène de fermeture résidentielle a connu en moins de vingt ans un développement considérable à Marseille, notamment dans les périphéries urbanisées à partir du 20e siècle. Les nouveaux produits immobiliers, issus de la promotion récente dans des zones de renouvellement, ou les anciennes rues de lotissements, de copropriétés, fermées au passage, se sont multipliés et la dynamique tend même à s’amplifier. Par la thématique de la fermeture nous interrogeons un objet élémentaire de l’urbain, la voie, abordée d’un point de vue symbolique (lien avec la question de l’espace public), fonctionnel (impact de la fermeture) et juridique (droit des sols et fermeture). La fermeture est appréhendée par la question de ses origines en faisant une géohistoire du statut privé des voies. Nous analysons la morphogenèse locale du plan de voirie périphérique, marquée par un libéralisme ancien et une informalité des pratiques. La pluralité d’acteurs et l’évolution de leur rôle dans la production et la gestion des voies à Marseille révèlent d’importants enjeux de gouvernance et expliquent l’héritage et la reproduction d’une large trame de voirie privée. Le défaut de planification et d’intervention publiques a favorisé la dynamique d’enclosure des voies dont nous analysons les effets sur la ville et les urbanités sous trois formes : l’intensité des coupures vis-à-vis des continuités du plan de voirie et des déplacements intra-urbains (en particulier piétons), la contradiction avec les plans et les projets publics en lien avec les politiques de « ville durable », enfin, l’émergence de conflits de riverains autour de la création d’enclaves à proximité de centralités et d’équipements publics
This thesis describes causes and consequences of urban fragmentation linked to gated communities expansion in Marseille (France). This work is based on 10 years of research and field surveys led by geographers. The dynamics of enclosure is very strong from over 20 years in Marseille, especially in peripherical areas, urbanized all along 20th and 21th centuries. New-built residential projects in urban regeneration areas or existing streets closure are very common now and tends to be more and more. By this enclosure phenomenon, we question another elementary city’s object. We analyse street / road in its symbolical (link with public space), functional (enclosure impacts) and juridical (soil law) way. We address enclosure by its origins through a “geohistory” of streets and their private status, local morphogenesis of peripherical road map, marked by an old liberalism politics and informality. Actor’s plurality and their evolution through time about roads management and production reveal important governance stakes. It explains the inheritance and reproduction of a large number of private streets too. Lack of planification and public interventions has promoted enclosure dynamics. We analyse its impact on urban environment and urbanities in 3 ways: cut-offs intensity on urban street continuity and pedestrian moves, contradiction with urban public projects, linked to sustainable politics and at last, conflicts emergence between local residents. We built this work as a research-action, we address the impacts and genesis of this deeply embedded phenomenon

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25

Mansilla, Juan Camilo. "Résistance culturelle hybride des jeunes des quartiers populaires à l’ère du numérique : étude de cas et analyse quali-quantitative comparée (AQQC-QCA) de Medellin, Paris et Sao Paulo". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA123/document.

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À partir d’une analyse quali-quantitative comparée (AQQC-QCA), conçue par Ragin (1987), nous proposons un modèle théorique sur l’émergence et la transmission des pratiques de résistance culturelle des jeunes des quartiers populaires de Medellín (Colombie), Paris (France) et São Paulo (Brésil). Nos résultats indiquent que les pratiques de résistance culturelle hybride de ces jeunes se produisent selon deux scénarios. Le premier (i.e., M[P+A] → R) apparaît lorsque des communautés morales à forte identité collective (i.e., dont les membres ne sont pas nécessairement localisés dans la même zone géographique) se nourrissent des flux d’information de stigmatisation en provenance de la sphère médiatique centrale de la ville (SMCV), et disposent soit de ressources informationnelles offertes par la mise en place de politiques publiques d’intervention populaire, soit d’un accès libre et répandu aux technologies d’information et communication liées à Internet (TICi). Le second (i.e., OA → R), émerge lorsque l’utilisation des TICi par ces jeunes augmente et qu’ils ont la perception que le gouvernement ne s’intéresse pas à eux, à leurs demandes et besoins. Le contexte actuel globalisé d’échanges présentiels/virtuels d’informations a) modifie les réseaux culturels hybrides des communautés morales, et ; b) construit l’expérience urbaine des individus à partir d’espaces publics hybrides. Notre proposition théorique sert, plus largement, à comprendre l’évolution de la « symbole-sphère » des communautés morales périphériques de la ville à l’ère du numérique, ainsi que la nature de l’information développée par Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
Based on a qualitative comparative analysis (QQA), a method developed by (Ragin, 1987), we propose a theoretical model of the emergence of transmission of the cultural resistance practices of the low income youth from popular neighborhoods of Medellín (Colombia), Paris (France) and São Paulo (Brazil). Our results indicate that the cultural resistance practices of this population appears in two different settings. The first one (M[P+A] → R) happens when the moral communities (that is, not necessarily located in the same geographical area) reach a strong cultural identity, feeds on stigmatizing information flows from the central media sphere of the city (SMCV), and have either information resources offered by the set of public policies of popular intervention or widespread and free use of information and communication technologies related to the Internet. The second one (OA → R), occurs when the use of the TICs by this youth wins density following the growing perception that the government is not interested in attending theirs demands and needs. The current context of global exchange of real and virtual information a) modifies the cultural hybrid networks associated with moral communities and b) builds an urban experience of individuals starting with hybrid public spaces. Our theoretical proposition serves a better understanding of the evolution of the symbolosphere of the peripheral moral communities in the cities of the digital age and the nature of the information as developed by Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
A partir de un análisis cualitativo comparado (QCA), método concebido por Ragin (1987), proponemos un modelo teórico sobre la emergencia y la transmisión de las prácticas de resistencia cultural de los jóvenes de barrios populares de Medellín (Colombia), Paris (Francia) et São Paulo (Brasil). Nuestros resultados indican que las prácticas de resistencia cultural híbrida de estos jóvenes se producen en dos escenarios. El primero (M[P+A] → R) aparece cuando las comunidades morales (i.e., no necesariamente ubicadas en la misma zona geográfica) con una fuerte identidad colectiva, se alimentan de flujos de información estigmatizantes procedentes de la esfera mediática central de la ciudad (SMCV), y disponen ya sea de recursos informacionales ofrecidos por la existencia de políticas públicas de intervención popular, o bien de un acceso generalizado y libre a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación relacionadas con Internet (TICi). El segundo (OA → R) emerge cuando el uso de las TICi por parte de estos jóvenes aumenta y tienen la percepción de que el gobierno no se interesa en ellos, ni en sus demandas ni en sus necesidades. El contexto global actual de intercambio presencial y virtual de información a) modifica las redes culturales híbridas asociadas a las comunidades morales, y; b) construye la experiencia urbana de los individuos a partir de espacios públicos híbridos. Nuestra propuesta teórica sirve, de manera general, para entender la evolución de la “simbolosfera” de las comunidades morales periféricas urbanas en la era digital, así como la naturaleza de la información propuesta por Schumann et Logan (2005) et Logan (2012)
Com base em uma análise qualitativa comparativa ou “Qualitative Comparative Analysis” (QCA), método desenvolvido por (Ragin, 1987), propomos um modelo teórico da emergência e da transmissão de práticas de resistência cultural entre jovens de baixa renda em territórios populares de Medellín (Colômbia), Paris (França) e São Paulo (Brasil). Nossos resultados indicam que as práticas de resistência cultural híbrida desses jovens seguem dois roteiros. O primeiro (M[P+A] → R), quando as comunidades morais (ou seja, não necessariamente localizados na mesma área geográfica) alcançam forte identidade coletiva, alimenta-se de fluxos de informação estigmatizantes oriundos da esfera de mídia central da cidade (SMCV) e dispõem seja de recursos de informação oferecidos pelo conjunto de políticas públicas de intervenção popular, seja de um aceso generalizado e livre as tecnologias de informação e comunicação relacionadas à Internet (TICi). O segundo (OA → R), quando o uso das TICs por esses jovens ganha densidade na medida em que amadurecem a percepção de que o governo não está interessado em atender suas demandas e necessidades. O atual contexto global de troca presencial e virtual de informações a) modifica as redes culturais híbridas associadas a comunidades morais e b) constrói a experiência urbana de indivíduos a partir de espaços públicos híbridos. Nossa proposta teórica serve, mais amplamente, para entender a evolução da “simbolosfera” das comunidades morais periféricas das cidades na era digital e a natureza da informação tal como desenvolvida por Schumann e Logan (2005) e Logan (2012)

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26

Burns, Ashley Brown. "New Communities in Old Spaces: Evidence from HOPE VI". Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/7098.

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The goal of this study is to understand how residents may benefit from living in a mixed income, HOPE VI development in the South. This analysis focuses on a former housing project and its immediate neighborhood in the aftermath of HOPE VI revitalization. I conducted a case study by utilizing original data collected from in-depth, semi-structured interviews and unstructured interviews, along with administrative records, evaluation data, media accounts, observation, and casual encounters. A unique contribution of this study of a HOPE VI development is that it also addresses the surrounding neighborhood. Furthermore, this case study offers a unique lens for examining contemporary black gentrification in a publicly constructed space.

A major finding of this study is that complex intra-racial social dynamics among African American community members may stem from HOPE VI intervention. Specifically, there may be limited positive interaction among residents in the development, and between them and residents of the proximate exterior neighborhood. Further, the nature of constrained interaction manufactures divisive processes for claiming space and community identity that may potentially have negative consequences for renters.

These consequences stem from a reproduction of space and community, which shapes social control, policing, and exclusion contests, among other tensions. Overall, this study brings to bear some unimagined consequences of HOPE VI that potentially neutralize anticipated benefits of mixed income living for the poor, based on real and perceived alterations of class, mobility, and shared identity in and around the development site.

Dissertation

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27

"Public space as primary parameter in designing architecture". 2010. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5893951.

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Lo Kam Wing, Jim.
Subtitle on added t.p.: Designing a housing project with public programs.
"Architecture Department, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Master of Architecture Programme 2009-2010, design report."
"May 2010."
Includes bibliographical references.

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28

Aserman, Samantha Lee. "Urban ritual: a hydro-ritual space for the communities of the inner city". Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22972.

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Thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree: Master of Architecture (Professional) to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Architecture and Planning at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2016
The heritage and history of a city is often based on urban legend. These stories pertain the cultural rooting of the society that had lived within the cities from their founding and until today. Johannesburg or Egoli appears to have skipped this cultural rooting and instead stems from the political and commercial soil of the gold mines. If we excavate into the gold mining history of the city – and even into the history preceding it - we can find the hidden sacred and cultural beginnings embedded in our society today. Our society has been formed on the continual evolution of the ideas of the sacred and profane through practices of incorporation, salvation and adaptation. As the gold mines in the city shut down, in 1940, the migrant labourers were left in hostels in an unfamiliar terrain and little means to make a living (Potenze, 2015). This means that today, we can still find evidence of the importance of sacred rituals similar to those in the mining compounds. Religions and cultures in Johannesburg, that have been gradually changed overtime, are a result of the incorporation of mining labour, urban customs and western ideas (including religion and technologies). Although the city has clearly harmed the rural traditions, we can still see glimpses of the endurance of the sacred within the profane landscape. The profane is adapted by the different communities in the inner city – as will be discussed with reference to the Mai Mai and Shembe (Nazareth Baptist Church) communities – to express their cultures of the sacred, traditional and religious and to accommodate for ritual practices associated with them. Today’s societies of the inner city are a mix of cultures, religions, God, the ancestors and ritual practices - both sacred and profane. By learning from the way in which these communities continually evolved to incorporate their environments into their traditions, the city too must now incorporate these communities and their beliefs into its structure. If this is achieved, it could ignite a healing process through integration as opposed to replacement or removal of elements of the city or of its society. This report explores ideas of the importance of religion and culture in Johannesburg’s context. As it is an architectural analysis, the response will be a proposal for religious infrastructure and space within the area of City and Suburban, alongside the Kwa Mai Mai market and the gathering spaces of the Shembe / Nazareth Baptist Church. This will promote and retain the cultures, traditions and religions that were brought to the city and used as a tool of survival.
MT2017

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29

De, Jong Nicoléne. "Addressing social issues in rural communities by planning for lively places and green spaces / Nicoléne de Jong". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11014.

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The increase in social challenges especially with regards to safety and security experienced in rural communities, as well as the lack of efficient lively places and public green spaces, is predominantly increasing in importance for government and planning policies. This problem is substantiated by the large number of deaths (especially the deaths of children) drowning in rivers flowing through or nearby rural communities because of the lack of any other safe, public facilities and well-managed and maintained green spaces. The research question therefore focuses on whether the planning of lively places and green spaces in rural communities can address some of these social issues, and contribute to the strengthening of communities and creation of lively public places. Government is struggling to deal with social issues (especially that of safety and security) within rural communities and a number of strategies were discussed and drawn up. (For example, the Rural Safety Summit which took place on 10 October 1998 aimed at achieving consensus regarding issues of rural insecurity; as well as crime prevention strategies as defined by the SAPS White Paper on Safety and Security (1998).) However, very little (if any) in-depth research on the possibility of upgrading public spaces into lively green places as a solution, has been done. This study can serve as a link between literature and practical rural issues, as well as contribute to green space and lively place development, incorporating international approaches and pilot studies, and illustrating best practices in terms of lively place and green space development, linking it to the local rural reality. In creating public and lively green places for rural communities, issues of safety, inequality, sociability and community coherence are addressed. Through the correct corresponding planning initiatives consequently drawn up, overall quality of life of those living in rural communities can be improved, decreasing the social challenges experienced.
MArt et Scien (Urban and Regional Planning), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

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30

Kane, Speer Alexis. "Space for Healthy Communities: An Exploration of the Social Pathways between Public Space and Health". Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/17183.

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This thesis investigates the relationship between access to public gathering spaces and self-reported health with indicators of community life as the intervening variables. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between the access to public space and self-rated health status in multicultural communities. A survey of 785 randomly-selected households was conducted across four low-income Toronto neighbourhoods. The investigation is framed by the 'production of healthy public space' model, which conceptualizes the pathways between the lived experience of space and health as impacting an individual’s likelihood of establishing place attachment. The results support the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the lived dimension of space and health. Mental health appears to be the outcome most affected by indicators of place attachment. Several of the aforementioned relationships were found more commonly in the densest of the four neighbourhoods and variations were found between foreign- and Canadian-born subpopulations.

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31

Johnson, Amanda Joanne. "Consumption Communities: An Examination of the Kitchener Market as a Third Place". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5279.

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Leisure time, leisure activities, and leisure spaces largely surround matters of consumption. However, the role consumption plays in the reproduction and performance of community is a necessarily contested topic among leisure scholars. For their part, leisure scholars have tended to regard consumption and places of consumption with a great deal of trepidation, skepticism, and even contempt (e.g., Arai & Pedlar, 2003; Hemingway, 1996; Reid, 1995; Stormann, 2000). Implications for and about community appear to be at the forefront of anxiety about consumption as it relates to leisure. As a result, a focus on “community” has become a practical response to assumptions about pervasive individualism, consumption, and the loss of community, in general. Following calls for the incorporation of community in leisure studies (Arai & Pedlar, 2003; Glover & Stewart, 2006) and drawing on Cook’s (2006a) call to move leisure studies “beyond individualism” (p. 464), this study sought to empirically examine the significance local residents attribute to everyday places of consumption. Furthermore, this study aimed to challenge the idea that leisure time, activities, places, and spaces based on consumption serve only to further alienate individuals from communities, thus weakening the social relevance of leisure, in general (Arai & Pedlar, 2003). The purpose of this research, therefore, was to challenge the essentialist conceptualization of consumption by exploring the relationship between places of consumption and the everyday lived experience of community. To do so, I engaged patrons at the Kitchener Market, a venue that encourages consumptive acts, yet serves as a focal point for everyday engagement in community. The primary research question providing focus for this study was: What roles, if any, do places of consumption, particularly third places, play in the everyday lived experience of community? Results of this research suggest there are new ways for understanding leisure and community as they relate to consumption. Rather than considering consumption places as points of exchange with little or no emotional sentiment attached, this research suggests these places have to potential to develop and create community as well as incorporate consumer values, ideals, ethics, and sentiments. Third places, as everyday places of consumption, should be examined for their potential to create, enact, and build community. Consumption is not separate from society, community and leisure; rather, consumption constitutes a salient aspect of everyday living and should be considered an important component of community.

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32

Yang-Chih, Cheng y 鄭洋志. "The Influence of Space Arrangements on Elderly People''s Behavior and Consciousness -- Fu Deh and An-Kong Low Cost Low Rent Public Housing Communities as Examples". Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30754718254281027007.

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碩士
中原大學
室內設計學系
86
This research aims to investigate how space arrangements influence elderly people''s behavior. By means of analyzing and comparing the results of questionnaires, observation, and on-site measurements of two existing cases -- Fu-Deh and An-Kong low cost low rent public housing communities,it is realized that the difference of space forms affects elderly people in terms of their activities, consciousness, social motivation and neighborship.The conclusions are: (1) that centralized public spaces in a community offer the elderly people more opportunity and higher possibility to take part in activities which bring about better social connections among other dwellers in their community; (2) that single-dwelling set in array along a corridor usually allow the elderly dwellers to have a better control over the interaction with their neighbors and to form a more rigid life style and living schedule, while apartments for two dwellers in a building with four apartments on each floor usually help dwellers develop a closer relation to others; (3) that the fewer dwellers live in one area, the stronger sense of defense will engendered, and vice versa; (4) that the dweller''s sense of belonging to his/her "home" stems from the degree of liberty for one to share and to use a space; (5) that, as a result, when two elderly people share an apartment, there will be more chances for the elderly to go out of their homes and have social activities with their neighbors.This thesis contains five chapters, of which main points are listed as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction An introduction to the main purpose of this thesis, the sphere it covers, themethods it applies, and the process it approaches. Chapter 2 Fu-Deh Low Cost Low Rent Public Housing Community This chapter tells the location of Fu-Deh Community, the development and revolution of its population composition, its functional and spatial constitutions, and the characteristics of it. Chapter 3 An-Kong Low Cost Low Rent Public Housing Community This chapter tells the location of An-Kong Community, the development and revolution of its population composition, its functional and spatial constructions, and the characteristics of it. Chapter 4The Comparison of Different Space Arrangements As Well As Their Influence on the Behavior and Consciousness of Elderly People This chapter discusses how elderly people''s behaviors are affected by the community styles, architectural forms, and interior placements. Chapter 5 Conclusion Based on the investigation, some practical suggestions regarding elderly people''s behaviors and consciousness are brought forth for consideration when housing for the elderly or nursing institutions are planned in future.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Public spaces Communities"

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