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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Radioactive tracers in physiology"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 30 de enero de 2023

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1

Minchin, Peter E. H., and Michael R. Thorpe. "Using the short-lived isotope 11C in mechanistic studies of photosynthate transport." Functional Plant Biology 30, no. 8 (2003): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp03008.

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Tracer techniques have been central in studies of transport in plants. In the case of carbon, the only readily available radioactive tracer has been 14C, although 11C was used for a short time before 14C could be made. Tracers have usually had to be measured by destructive harvesting of the plant, giving a practical limit to the data resolution in both time and space. A major advantage of the short-lived, positron-emitting tracers, of which 11C is one example, is that in vivo measurement is possible, giving detailed time series of tracer data in many locations and opening up powerful new techn

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2

Guery, Benoit P., Steve Nelson, Nathalie Viget, Patrice Fialdes, Warren R. Summer, Elizabeth Dobard, Gilles Beaucaire, and Carol M. Mason. "Fluorescein-labeled dextran concentration is increased in BAL fluid after ANTU-induced edema in rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 85, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.85.3.842.

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Several methodologies have been developed to assess alveolocapillary membrane permeability in acute lung injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of FITC-dextran compared with radioactive tracers to assess lung permeability alterations. After intraperitoneal administration of α-naphthylthiourea (ANTU, 50 mg/kg) or DMSO-ANTU vehicle, the animals were euthanized and their lungs were studied in an isolated-lung preparation. FITC-dextran or radiolabeled tracers were added to the perfusate. At 2 h the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from the ANTU group showed a signific

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3

Sharp, P. F. "The measurement of blood flow in humans using radioactive tracers." Physiological Measurement 15, no. 4 (November 1, 1994): 339–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/15/4/001.

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4

Hopkins, Susan R., Mark O. Wielpütz, and Hans-Ulrich Kauczor. "Imaging lung perfusion." Journal of Applied Physiology 113, no. 2 (July 15, 2012): 328–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00320.2012.

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From the first measurements of the distribution of pulmonary blood flow using radioactive tracers by West and colleagues ( J Clin Invest 40: 1–12, 1961) allowing gravitational differences in pulmonary blood flow to be described, the imaging of pulmonary blood flow has made considerable progress. The researcher employing modern imaging techniques now has the choice of several techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). These techniques differ in several important

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5

Jødal, Lars, Pia Afzelius, Aage Kristian Olsen Alstrup, and Svend Borup Jensen. "Radiotracers for Bone Marrow Infection Imaging." Molecules 26, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 3159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113159.

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Introduction: Radiotracers are widely used in medical imaging, using techniques of gamma-camera imaging (scintigraphy and SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET). In bone marrow infection, there is no single routine test available that can detect infection with sufficiently high diagnostic accuracy. Here, we review radiotracers used for imaging of bone marrow infection, also known as osteomyelitis, with a focus on why these molecules are relevant for the task, based on their physiological uptake mechanisms. The review comprises [67Ga]Ga-citrate, radiolabelled leukocytes, radiolabelled nan

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6

Phipps, R. J., W. M. Abraham, A. T. Mariassy, P. J. Torrealba, M. W. Sielczak, A. Ahmed, M. McCray, J. S. Stevenson, and A. Wanner. "Developmental changes in the tracheal mucociliary system in neonatal sheep." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 2 (August 1, 1989): 824–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.2.824.

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We studied the postnatal development of the tracheal epithelium and mucociliary system in neonatal sheep. Secretion of macromolecules (radiolabeled with 35SO4 and [3H]-threonine), unidirectional fluxes of Cl-, Na+, and water (measured with radioactive tracers), and ciliary beat frequency (CBF) were measured in tracheal tissues in vitro. Tracheal mucus transport velocity (TMV) was measured in vivo. Sheep were studied at 0, 2, 4, 8, and greater than 24 (adult) wk after birth. In newborn sheep trachea, secretion of macromolecules was significantly elevated (cf. adults), and there was basal net se

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7

Goodman, B. E., K. J. Kim, and E. D. Crandall. "Evidence for active sodium transport across alveolar epithelium of isolated rat lung." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 6 (June 1, 1987): 2460–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.6.2460.

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We have previously presented evidence that cultured alveolar epithelial cell monolayers actively transport sodium from medium to substratum, a process that can be inhibited by sodium transport blockers and stimulated by beta-agonists. In this study, the isolated perfused rat lung was utilized in order to investigate the presence of active sodium transport by intact adult mammalian alveolar epithelium. Radioactive tracers (22Na and [14C]sucrose) were instilled into the airways of isolated Ringer-perfused rat lungs whose weight was continuously monitored. The appearance of isotopes in the recirc

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8

Edelman, J. L., H. Lin, and S. S. Miller. "Acidification stimulates chloride and fluid absorption across frog retinal pigment epithelium." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 266, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): C946—C956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.266.4.c946.

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Radioactive tracers and a modified capacitance-probe technique were used to characterize the mechanisms that mediate Cl and fluid absorption across the bullfrog retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid. In control (HCO3/CO2) Ringer solution, 36Cl was actively absorbed (retina to choroid) at a mean rate of 0.34 mu eq.cm-2.h-1 (n = 34) and accounted for approximately 25% of the short-circuit current. Apical bumetanide (100 microM) or basal 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS; 1 mM) inhibited active Cl transport by 70 and 62%, respectively. Active Cl absorption was doubled, eit

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9

Bureau, M. F., C. D. Arreto, J. Lefort, and B. B. Vargaftig. "Albumin exchange and inflammatory cell recruitment in lungs of antigen-challenged guinea pigs: role of histamine." Journal of Applied Physiology 77, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 252–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.77.1.252.

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Microvascular albumin exchange and sequestration of inflammatory cells into the lungs of anesthetized guinea pigs immunized to ovalbumin were evaluated using radioactive tracers. Increased exchange of radiolabeled (*) albumin from airways to blood was noted in immunized and boosted animals under basal conditions. After the intratracheal injection of 300 micrograms of ovalbumin, an additional increase in exchange through epithelium occurred, since the rate of appearance of *albumin in blood was enhanced compared with control (140 +/- 30 vs. 54 +/- 20% in 1 h). The augmentation of lung content i

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10

Hong, Yet Hoi, Tony Frugier, Xinmei Zhang, Robyn M. Murphy, Gordon S. Lynch, Andrew C. Betik, Stephen Rattigan та Glenn K. McConell. "Glucose uptake during contraction in isolated skeletal muscles from neuronal nitric oxide synthase μ knockout mice". Journal of Applied Physiology 118, № 9 (1 травня 2015): 1113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00056.2015.

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Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) significantly attenuates the increase in skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction/exercise, and a greater attenuation is observed in individuals with Type 2 diabetes compared with healthy individuals. Therefore, NO appears to play an important role in mediating muscle glucose uptake during contraction. In this study, we investigated the involvement of neuronal NOSμ (nNOSμ), the main NOS isoform activated during contraction, on skeletal muscle glucose uptake during ex vivo contraction. Extensor digitorum longus muscles were isolated from nNOSμ−

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11

Larsen, Erik Hviid. "Hans Henriksen Ussing. 30 December 1911 — 22 December 2000." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 55 (January 2009): 305–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2009.0002.

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Hans Ussing was born on 30 December 1911 at Sorø Academy in Denmark, where his father Dr Henrik Ussing was a lecturer and, as historian, a leading Danish folklorist. After his doctoral thesis in marine biology, Hans Ussing came to August Krogh's laboratory, where he studied protein turnover by using deuterium-labelled amino acids. After World War II, when radioactive isotopes of light elements became available for biological research, Ussing pioneered the development of epithelial physiology by introducing new concepts and theoretical tools, such as unidirectional fluxes, exchange diffusion, t

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12

Herbst, M. D., and J. H. Goldstein. "A review of water diffusion measurement by NMR in human red blood cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 256, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): C1097—C1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1989.256.5.c1097.

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This review of water transport measurement in normal human erythrocytes attempts to harmonize discordant results obtained under diverse study conditions with two different techniques: nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and radioactive tracer (THO) diffusion. Natural aggregation of red cells into rouleaux appeared to cause most of the variation among results from NMR experiments. The remainder of the discrepancy was attributed to the use of inappropriate mathematical approximations of the two-site exchange equations, differences in blood storage time, and failure to adjust NMR calculations for th

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13

Petersson, Johan, Alejandro Sánchez-Crespo, Stig A. Larsson, and Margareta Mure. "Physiological imaging of the lung: single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT)." Journal of Applied Physiology 102, no. 1 (January 2007): 468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00732.2006.

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Emission tomography provides three-dimensional, quantitative images of the distribution of radiotracers used to mark physiological, metabolic, or pathological processes. Quantitative single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) requires correction for the image-degrading effects due to photon attenuation and scatter. Phantom experiments have shown that radioactive concentrations can be assessed within some percentage of the true value when relevant corrections are applied. SPECT is widely spread, and radiotracers are available that are easy to use and comparably inexpensive. Compared wit

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14

Nagra, Gurjit, Lena Koh, Andrei Zakharov, Dianna Armstrong, and Miles Johnston. "Quantification of cerebrospinal fluid transport across the cribriform plate into lymphatics in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 291, no. 5 (November 2006): R1383—R1389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00235.2006.

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A major pathway by which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is removed from the cranium is transport through the cribriform plate in association with the olfactory nerves. CSF is then absorbed into lymphatics located in the submucosa of the olfactory epithelium (olfactory turbinates). In an attempt to provide a quantitative measure of this transport,125I-human serum albumin (HSA) was injected into the lateral ventricles of adult Fisher 344 rats. The animals were killed at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 min after injection, and tissue samples, including blood (from heart puncture), skeletal muscle, spleen, live

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15

Marvão, P., M. G. Emílio, K. Gil Ferreira, P. L. Fernandes, and H. Gil Ferreira. "ION TRANSPORT IN THE INTESTINE OF ANGUILLA ANGUILLA: GRADIENTS AND TRANSLOCATORS." Journal of Experimental Biology 193, no. 1 (August 1, 1994): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.193.1.97.

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The transport of Na+, K+ and Cl- across the isolated epithelium of the eel intestine was studied using a combination of four experimental strategies: short-circuiting, measurements of intracellular potentials and ion concentrations, application of a variety of transport inhibitors and measurement of unidirectional fluxes with radioactive tracers. When short-circuited, the system performs a net transport of Cl- and Na+ towards the blood side, with a stoichiometry approaching 2, and a much smaller net transport of K+ towards the lumen. The system is totally driven by the sodium pump located in t

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16

Støttrup, Nicolaj B., Steen B. Kristiansen, Bo Løfgren, Bo Falck Hansen, Hans-Henrik Kimose, Hans Erik Bøtker, and Torsten Toftegaard Nielsen. "l-GLUTAMATE AND GLUTAMINE IMPROVE HAEMODYNAMIC FUNCTION AND RESTORE MYOCARDIAL GLYCOGEN CONTENT DURING POSTISCHAEMIC REPERFUSION: A RADIOACTIVE TRACER STUDY IN THE RAT ISOLATED HEART." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 33, no. 11 (November 2006): 1099–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04497.x.

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17

Colvin, Robert A. "pH dependence and compartmentalization of zinc transported across plasma membrane of rat cortical neurons." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 282, no. 2 (February 1, 2002): C317—C329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00143.2001.

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In this study, Zn2+ transport in rat cortical neurons was characterized by successfully combining radioactive tracer experiments with spectrofluorometry and fluorescence microscopy. Cortical neurons showed a time-dependent and saturable transport of65Zn2+ with an apparent affinity of 15–20 μM. 65Zn2+ transport was pH dependent and was decreased by extracellular acidification and increased by intracellular acidification. Compartmentalization of newly transported Zn2+ was assessed with the Zn2+-selective fluorescent dye zinquin. Resting cortical neurons showed uniform punctate labeling that was

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18

Bojsen-Møller, J., K. K. Kalliokoski, M. Seppänen, M. Kjaer, and S. P. Magnusson. "Low-intensity tensile loading increases intratendinous glucose uptake in the Achilles tendon." Journal of Applied Physiology 101, no. 1 (July 2006): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00004.2006.

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The metabolic activity of tendinous tissues has traditionally been considered to be of limited magnitude. However, recent studies have suggested that glucose uptake increases in the force-transmitting tissues as a response to contractile loading, which in turn indicates an elevated tissue metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether such a mechanism could be observed for the human Achilles tendon following tensile loading. Six subjects participated in the study. Unilateral Achilles tendon loading was applied by 25-min intermittent voluntary plantar flexor contraction

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19

Bertocci, Loren A., John G. Jones, Craig R. Malloy, Ronald G. Victor, and Gail D. Thomas. "Oxidation of lactate and acetate in rat skeletal muscle: analysis by 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Journal of Applied Physiology 83, no. 1 (July 1, 1997): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.83.1.32.

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Bertocci, Loren A., John G. Jones, Craig R. Malloy, Ronald G. Victor, and Gail D. Thomas. Oxidation of lactate and acetate in rat skeletal muscle: analysis by13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 32–39, 1997.—The balance between carbohydrate and fatty acid utilization in skeletal muscle previously has been studied in vivo by using a variety of methods such as arteriovenous concentration differences and radioactive isotope tracer techniques. However, these methodologies provide only indirect estimates of substrate oxidation. We used 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance

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20

Klaesner, Joseph W., N. Adrienne Pou, Richard E. Parker, Charlene Finney, and Robert J. Roselli. "Optical measurement of isolated canine lung filtration coefficients at normal hematocrits." Journal of Applied Physiology 83, no. 6 (December 1, 1997): 1976–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.83.6.1976.

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Klaesner, Joseph W., N. Adrienne Pou, Richard E. Parker, Charlene Finney, and Robert J. Roselli. Optical measurement of isolated canine lung filtration coefficients at normal hematocrits. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(6): 1976–1985, 1997.—In this study, lung filtration coefficient ( K fc) values were measured in eight isolated canine lung preparations at normal hematocrit values using three methods: gravimetric, blood-corrected gravimetric, and optical. The lungs were kept in zone 3 conditions and subjected to an average venous pressure increase of 10.24 ± 0.27 (SE) cmH2O. The resulting K fc(ml ⋅ min−1

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21

Dowell, R. T., and C. D. Kauer. "Uteroplacental blood flow at rest and during exercise in late-gestation conscious rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 5 (May 1, 1993): 2079–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.5.2079.

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The present studies were conducted to achieve three specific aims. First, techniques and procedures were developed to allow tissue and organ blood flow measurements by radioactive microsphere methodology in the conscious female rat. Second, technical aspects of the methodology were evaluated with emphasis on potential uteroplacental shunting of microspheres in the late-gestational period. Third, the above techniques and procedures were utilized to assess uteroplacental blood flow at rest and during exercise in conscious pregnant rats during the late stages of gestation, i.e., days 15, 19, and

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22

Chabot, J. G., P. Walker, and G. Pelletier. "Demonstration of epidermal growth factor binding sites in the adult rat small intestine by autoradiography." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 2 (February 1, 1987): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-022.

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The distribution of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors was studied in the distal portion of duodenum using light microscopic autoradiography performed at different time intervals (2–60 min) after intravenous injection of 125I-labelled EGF into adult rats. The results revealed a substantial binding of EGF to both cell types of the mucosal epithelium in duodenal crypts and villi, the columnar absorptive cells and the globet cells. Labelling was also found over few cells of lamina propria. No labelling was observed over the striated border of the duodenal mucosa epithelium. The time-course s

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23

Salaets, Thomas, André Gie, Julio Jimenez, Margo Aertgeerts, Olivier Gheysens, Greetje Vande Velde, Michel Koole, et al. "Local pulmonary drug delivery in the preterm rabbit: feasibility and efficacy of daily intratracheal injections." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 316, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): L589—L597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00255.2018.

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Recent clinical trials in newborns have successfully used surfactant as a drug carrier for an active compound, to minimize systemic exposure. To investigate the translational potential of surfactant-compound mixtures and other local therapeutics, a relevant animal model is required in which intratracheal administration for maximal local deposition is technically possible and well tolerated. Preterm rabbit pups (born at 28 days of gestation) were exposed to either hyperoxia or normoxia and randomized to receive daily intratracheal surfactant, daily intratracheal saline, or no injections for 7 d

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24

Bukowiecki, Ludwik Jan. "Energy balance and diabetes. The effects of cold exposure, exercise training, and diet composition on glucose tolerance and glucose metabolism in rat peripheral tissues." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 382–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-062.

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The effects of cold exposure, exercise training, and diet (high fat versus high carbohydrate) on glucose tolerance and glucose metabolism in rat peripheral tissues will be briefly reviewed. Stimulation of energy expenditure by cold exposure (4 °C) or exercise training generally leads to decreased plasma insulin levels and to an improvement in glucose tolerance, suggesting that insulin action on peripheral tissues is increased when energy expenditure is stimulated. On the contrary, feeding high-fat diets to sedentary rats living in the warm (25 °C) induces hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistanc

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25

Lüscher, E. "RADIOACTIVE TRACERS IN STUDYING CLEAN SURFACES." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 101, no. 3 (December 22, 2006): 816–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1963.tb54937.x.

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26

Blet, V., Ph Berne, F. Tola, X. Vitart, and C. Chaussy. "Recent developments in radioactive tracers methodology." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 51, no. 6 (December 1999): 615–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(99)00095-0.

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27

Carroll, J., and I. Lerche. "Sedimentary radioactive tracers and diffusive models." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 101, no. 8 (August 2010): 597–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.03.005.

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28

Alstrup, Aage Kristian Olsen, Svend Borup Jensen, Ole Lerberg Nielsen, Lars Jødal, and Pia Afzelius. "Preclinical Testing of Radiopharmaceuticals for the Detection and Characterization of Osteomyelitis: Experiences from a Porcine Model." Molecules 26, no. 14 (July 12, 2021): 4221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144221.

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The development of new and better radioactive tracers capable of detecting and characterizing osteomyelitis is an ongoing process, mainly because available tracers lack selectivity towards osteomyelitis. An integrated part of developing new tracers is the performance of in vivo tests using appropriate animal models. The available animal models for osteomyelitis are also far from ideal. Therefore, developing improved animal osteomyelitis models is as important as developing new radioactive tracers. We recently published a review on radioactive tracers. In this review, we only present and discus

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29

Leong, P., and D. Manahan. "Metabolic importance of Na+/K+-ATPase activity during sea urchin development." Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no. 22 (November 1, 1997): 2881–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.22.2881.

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Early stages of animal development have high mass-specific rates of metabolism. The biochemical processes that establish metabolic rate and how these processes change during development are not understood. In this study, changes in Na+/K+-ATPase activity (the sodium pump) and rate of oxygen consumption were measured during embryonic and early larval development for two species of sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Lytechinus pictus. Total (in vitro) Na+/K+-ATPase activity increased during development and could potentially account for up to 77 % of larval oxygen consumption in Strong

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30

Pemper, Richard R., Michael J. Flecker, Vernie C. McWhirter, and Donald W. Oliver. "Hydraulic fracture evaluation with multiple radioactive tracers." GEOPHYSICS 53, no. 10 (October 1988): 1323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442410.

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For many years, wireline tracer surveys have been used to determine the height of fractures created during hydraulic stimulation procedures. A recent advancement in fracture evaluation technology has been to tag different stages of a fracture operation with multiple radioactive tracers, providing the capability to discern between created and propped fracture heights in one or more zones of interest. In this research, a wireline instrumentation and data analysis system is implemented to identify and separate the individual yields from multiple radioactive tracers, with an additional feature tha

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Bramlet, Roland. "Radioactive and Stable Isotope Tracers in Biomedicine." Clinical Nuclear Medicine 18, no. 5 (May 1993): 455–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003072-199305000-00027.

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32

Papastefanou, C., and C. Papastefanou. "Radioactive nuclides as tracers of environmental processes." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 267, no. 2 (January 2006): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-006-0050-8.

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Counsell, Raymond E., Marcian Van Dort, and Richard Neubig. "Iodinated clonidine derivatives as radioactive imaging tracers." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part B. Nuclear Medicine and Biology 17, no. 4 (January 1990): ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-2897(90)90117-j.

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34

Jansson, Mats, Trygve E. Eriksen, and Susanna Wold. "LOT—in situ diffusion experiments using radioactive tracers." Applied Clay Science 23, no. 1-4 (August 2003): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-1317(03)00089-9.

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35

Blet, V., Ph Berne, C. Chaussy, S. Perrin, and D. Schweich. "Characterization of a packed column using radioactive tracers." Chemical Engineering Science 54, no. 1 (January 1999): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2509(98)00217-6.

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36

Delhez, Éric J. M., Éric Deleersnijder, Anne Mouchet, and J. M. Beckers. "A note on the age of radioactive tracers." Journal of Marine Systems 38, no. 3-4 (January 2003): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-7963(02)00245-2.

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37

Gulati, R. D. "Zooplankton grazing methods using radioactive tracers: Technical problems." Hydrobiological Bulletin 19, no. 1 (November 1985): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02255094.

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38

Cantone, M. C., D. De Bartolo, A. Giussani, N. Molho, L. Pirola, G. Gambarini, Ch Hansen, P. Roth, and E. Werner. "Stable and radioactive tracers in Ru biokinetic studies." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 178, no. 2 (March 1994): 407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02039734.

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39

Campos, Armando Macias, and Gerardo Rodriguez Aranda. "Microcomputer systems for analysis of radioactive tracers data." International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 41, no. 10-11 (January 1990): 1095–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0883-2889(90)90178-j.

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40

Podglajen, Aurélien, and Felix Ploeger. "Retrieving the age of air spectrum from tracers: principle and method." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 3 (February 8, 2019): 1767–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1767-2019.

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Abstract. Surface-emitted tracers with different dependencies on transit time (e.g., due to chemical loss or time-dependent boundary conditions) carry independent pieces of information on the age of air spectrum (the distribution of transit times from the surface). This paper investigates how and to what extent knowledge of tracer concentrations can be used to retrieve the age spectrum. Since the mixing ratios of the tracers considered depend linearly on the transit time distribution, the question posed can be formulated as a linear inverse problem of small dimension. An inversion methodology

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41

Wastney, M. E., I. G. Gokmen, R. L. Aamodt, W. F. Rumble, G. E. Gordon, and R. I. Henkin. "Kinetic analysis of zinc metabolism in humans after simultaneous administration of 65Zn and 70Zn." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 260, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): R134—R141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1991.260.1.r134.

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Zinc kinetics were studied and compared after oral simultaneous administration of two tracers, radioactive (65Zn) and stable (70Zn) isotope, to four normal human volunteers. Both tracers and zinc concentration were measured in plasma, red blood cells (RBC), urine, and feces for up to 78 days. Radioactive zinc was also measured by external counting over whole body, liver, and thigh. Data from each individual were analyzed using a compartmental model for zinc metabolism. Values calculated for absorption, fractional zinc excretion in urine, exchange with RBC, and secretion into gut using 70Zn dat

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42

Huybers, Peter, Geoffrey Gebbie, and Olivier Marchal. "Can Paleoceanographic Tracers Constrain Meridional Circulation Rates?" Journal of Physical Oceanography 37, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 394–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo3018.1.

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Abstract The ability of paleoceanographic tracers to constrain rates of transport is examined using an inverse method to combine idealized observations with a geostrophic model. Considered are the spatial distribution, accuracy, and types of tracers required to constrain changes in meridional transport within an idealized single-hemisphere basin. Measurements of density and radioactive tracers each act to constrain rates of transport. Conservative tracers, while not of themselves able to inform regarding rates of transport, improve constraints when coupled with density or radioactive observati

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43

Iijima, Yoshiaki, Hiroyuki Nitta, Ryusuke Nakamura, Koichi Takasawa, Akiko Inoue, Shigeru Takemoto, and Yoshihiro Yamazaki. "Precise Measurement of Low Diffusion Coefficients Using Radioactive Tracers." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 69, no. 4 (2005): 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.69.321.

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44

Voss, R. "Radioactive and kinematic tracers of feedback from massive stars." EPJ Web of Conferences 19 (2012): 10004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20121910004.

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45

Armstrong, Dennis J. "An investigation of ammonia plant performance using radioactive tracers." Plant/Operations Progress 4, no. 2 (April 1985): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prsb.720040205.

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46

Coggan, Andrew R. "Use of stable isotopes to study carbohydrate and fat metabolism at the whole-body level." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 58, no. 4 (November 1999): 953–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665199001263.

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The present review discusses the advantages and limitations of using stable-isotope tracers to assess carbohydrate and fat metabolism at the whole-body level. One advantage of stable-(v. radioactive-) isotope tracers is the relative ease with which the location of a label within a molecule can be determined using selected-ion-monitoring GC-mass spectrometry (SIM-GC- MS). This technique minimizes potential problems due to label recycling, allows the use of multiple-labelled compounds simultaneously (e.g. to quantify glucose cycling), and perhaps most importantly, has led to the development of u

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47

Li, Zhiyan, Xianghui Li, Xudong Zhu, Shichao Ai, Wenxian Guan, and Song Liu. "Tracers in Gastric Cancer Surgery." Cancers 14, no. 23 (November 22, 2022): 5735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14235735.

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The treatment of gastric cancer mainly depends on radical gastrectomy. Determination of appropriate surgical margins and adequate lymph node (LN) resection are two major surgical steps that directly correlate with prognosis in gastric cancer. Due to the expanding use of minimally invasive procedures, it is no longer possible to locate tumors and LNs through touch. As an alternative, tracers have begun to enter the field due to their capacities for intraoperative visualization. Herein, we summarize the application of contemporary tracers in gastric cancer surgery, including isosulfan blue, meth

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48

Chang, E. C., and K. Yoshimura. "A semi-Lagrangian advection scheme for radioactive tracers in the NCEP Regional Spectral Model (RSM)." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 10 (October 14, 2015): 3247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3247-2015.

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Abstract. In this study, the non-iteration dimensional-split semi-Lagrangian (NDSL) advection scheme is applied to the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Regional Spectral Model (RSM) to alleviate the Gibbs phenomenon. The Gibbs phenomenon is a problem wherein negative values of positive-definite quantities (e.g., moisture and tracers) are generated by the spectral space transformation in a spectral model system. To solve this problem, the spectral prognostic specific humidity and radioactive tracer advection scheme is replaced by the NDSL advection scheme, which considers ad

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49

Chang, E. C., and K. Yoshimura. "A semi-Lagrangian advection scheme for radioactive tracers in a regional spectral model." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8, no. 6 (June 2, 2015): 4221–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-8-4221-2015.

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Abstract. In this study, the non-iteration dimensional-split semi-Lagrangian (NDSL) advection scheme is applied to the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) regional spectral model (RSM) to alleviate the Gibbs phenomenon. The Gibbs phenomenon is a problem wherein negative values of positive-definite quantities (e.g., moisture and tracers) are generated by the spectral space transformation in a spectral model system. To solve this problem, the spectral prognostic specific humidity and radioactive tracer advection scheme is replaced by the NDSL advection scheme, which considers ad

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50

Argoud, G. M., D. S. Schade, and R. P. Eaton. "Underestimation of hepatic glucose production by radioactive and stable tracers." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 252, no. 5 (May 1, 1987): E606—E615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1987.252.5.e606.

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Although negative hepatic glucose production rates are physiologically impossible, they have been observed when hepatic glucose production is measured with the tracer-dilution technique during the hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic glucose clamp. Because hepatic glucose production is determined from the difference between tracer-derived glucose disposal and the known exogenous glucose infusion rate, the negative values for hepatic glucose production must result from an underestimation of glucose disposal by the tracer technique. In the current investigation, tracer-derived glucose disposal was measu

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