Tesis sobre el tema "RMN des Solides 31P"
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Harmouche, Nicole. "Les liposomes biphényles : un nouveau modèle de biomembrane magnétique fluorescent : caractérisation par RMN des solides, microscopies optiques et électroniques et SAXS". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959353.
Texto completoZhendre, Vanessa. "Étude de l’implication des phosphoinositides dans la formation de l’enveloppe nucléaire". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14133/document.
Texto completoDiseases, such as myopathies and some types of cancer, can be caused by abnormal nuclear envelope (NE) assembly, a process that takes place at each cell division and during male pronuclear formation. A cell-free assay from sea urchin gametes, that mimics the in vivo male pronucleus formation, has been used to dissect the various stages of NE assembly. This in vitro assay has revealed several novel features. One of the critical aspects is that membranes highly enriched in polyphosphorylated phosphoinositides (PPIs), are essential for NE formation, especially during the stage of membrane fusion. Theses membranes are extracted from the cytoplasm of the fertilised oocyte (MV1) and sperm nuclei (NERs). We made model membranes with similar lipid composition to MV1 and NERs and studied their structure, dynamics and morphologies by solid-state NMR spectroscopy and electron microscopy. We show that PPIs have a positive membrane curvature, inducing small vesicles and elongated micelles. More importantly, we illustrate that “MV1-like” membranes are very fluid. “NERs-like” membranes are globally ordered and belong to the family of liquid ordered phases. We also evidenced that PPIs can counterbalance in part the ordering effect of cholesterol. Moreover we made model membranes with similar lipid composition to MV2, non-enriched in PPIs membranes which constitute 90% of the vesicles forming the NE. This model membrane shows an in-between dynamics compared to MV1 and NERs. We therefore propose a mechanism describing the role of PPIs during membrane fusion leading to nuclear membrane assembly
Buchoux, Sébastien. "Vers un nouveau modèle de déstabilisation des membranes biologiques par les lipopeptides : apport de la RMN à travers l'exemple de la surfactine". Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13565.
Texto completoKlein, Marc. "Etude en spectroscopie rmn 31p de la myopathie hypothyroidienne". Nancy 1, 1990. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCDMED_T_1990_KLEIN_MARC.pdf.
Texto completoCarteaux, Jean-Pierre. "Performances des greffons cardiaques apres conservation : valeur predictive de la spectroscopie rmn du 31p". Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN11210.
Texto completoCampomar, Viviane. "Rmn en rotation a l'angle magique du 31p. Application a l'etude de quelques phosphates". Paris 6, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA066435.
Texto completoJOUBERT, FREDERIC. "Compartimentation de la creatine kinase myocardique : mise en evidence par spectroscopie rmn du 31p". Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066235.
Texto completoLu, Xingyu. "Étude par RMN des proximités hétéro-nucléaires dans les solides". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10186.
Texto completoThe focus of this thesis is on the development of novel solid-state NMR methods for the characterization of atomic-scale structure in solids. The proposed methods are compatible with high magnetic fields and ultra-fast MAS. The main achievements comprise:(1) the measurement of accurate distances for isolated pairs of spin-1/2 and quadrupolar nuclei. These measurements rely on symmetry-based hetero-nuclear recoupling and the application of saturation pulse to the quadrupolar nucleus;(2) the observation of proximities between spin-1/2 and quadrupolar nuclei in inorganic materials using D-HMQC. The properties of different hetero-nuclear dipolar decoupling have been compared;(3) the observation of proximities between half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in oxide glasses or ceramics. We demonstrated that polarization transfers between quadrupolar nuclei can be achieved by multi-pulses CP, which is more robust than continuous-wave CP for quadrupolar nuclei;(4) the observation of the local environment of protons in organic solids using homo-nuclear dipolar decoupling. In particular, we have developed TIMES, which is efficient both at low and high MAS frequency;(5) the development of DANTE excitation to solids:(6) a novel D-HMQC implementation that allows determining in a semi-quantitative way the inter-nuclear distances
Pelorgeas, Sandrine. "Mécanismes d'endocytose et de toxicité des diphosphonates chez Dictyostelium : une étude par RMN du 31p". Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10085.
Texto completoBaguet, Évelyne. "Renouvellement de l'ATP dans la cellule végétale : méthodologie du transfert de saturation en RMN 31P". Grenoble 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10002.
Texto completoNappert, Caroline. "Calcul des moments caractérisant la raie d'absorption en RMN de solides". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0011/MQ35744.pdf.
Texto completoNappert, Caroline. "Calcul des moments caractérisant la raie d'absorption en RMN de solides". Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1997.
Buscar texto completoWang, Qiang. "Recouplage dipolaire en RMN des solides en rotation à l'angle magique". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10159/document.
Texto completoSolid state NMR as a powerful analysis tool is extensively used in many fields such as catalysis science, polymer materials, and biological molecules. This thesis work mainly describes the development of new NMR methods to recover dipolar coupling of rotating solids and their applications for spectral assignment and structural investigation by solid state NMR. First, a new broadband homo-nuclear Double Quantum (DQ) dipolar recoupling sequence which can be used at high field and ultra-fast magic-angle spinning was introduced. To improve the spectral resolution, 1H homonuclear decoupling technique were applied during the acquisition time, t2 and indirect evolution time, t1. Then, a comparison between different symmetry sequences with and without composite pulses which also can be used at ultra fast spinning for DQ coherence excitation was discussed. Moreover, these homonuclear DQ dipolar recoupling sequences were the employed for the unambiguous assignment of 19F spectra of inorganic fluorides at high field (18.8 T) and ultra-fast magic-angle spinning (65 kHZ). To expand DQ dipolar recoupling methods on half-integer quadrupolar nuclei, a low radiofrequency (RF) pulse sequence with block cycling to selectively excite homo-nuclear DQ coherence of central transition (CT) was proposed. Last, a scheme for rapid analysis of natural abundance amino acid by high-resolution 14N filtered high resolution 1H-13C correlation was designed in the NMR of rotating solid
Trébosc, Julien Mathieu. "Méthodes d'analyse structurale par RMN haute résolution des noyaux quadripolaires et mesures des couplages à travers les liaisons et l'espace". Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-317-318.pdf.
Texto completoFlambard, Alexandrine Montagne Lionel Amoureux Jean-Paul Delevoye Laurent. "RMN de l'oxygène-17 et nouvelles méthodologies de RMN des solides appliquées à la caractérisation des matériaux phosphates". Villeneuve d'Ascq : Université des sciences et technologies de Lille, 2007. https://iris.univ-lille1.fr/dspace/handle/1908/227.
Texto completoN° d'ordre (Lille 1) : 3712. Titre provenant de la page de titre du document numérisé. Bibliogr. à la suite de chaque chapitre.
Flambard, Alexandrine. "RMN de l'oxygène-17 et nouvelles méthodologies de RMN des solides appliquées à la caractérisation des matériaux phosphates". Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-Flambard.pdf.
Texto completoMifsud, Nicolas. "Détermination Structurale de Solides Ordonnés et Désordonnés par Spectroscopie RMN Haute Résolution". Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00175539.
Texto completoGrenier, Denis. "Micro-imagerie RMN de milieux quasi-solides : exemple d'application à l'imagerie ostéoarticulaire". Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10004.
Texto completoSEMMER-HERLEDAN, VIRGINIE. "Contribution a l'etude par rmn du proton de l'acidite de catalyseurs solides". Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066389.
Texto completoMartel, Sophie. "Les aminophosphonates : des marqueurs de pH en RMN du 31P : de l'étude physico-chimique à la biologie". Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX11042.
Texto completoCastets, Aurore. "RMN de matériaux paramagnétiques : mesures et modélisation". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00664817.
Texto completoDuweltz, David. "Etudes de l'organisation en masse du polypropylène isotactique par RMN du solide". Paris 12, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA120013.
Texto completoThe iPP M a great industrial polymer whose properties are related to his semi-crystallin character. The iPP tends to crystaffise under lamellar form, the crystallites being separated by amorphous regions. The degree of crystallinity, as well as the structural forms, largely depend on the crystallisation conditions. The macroscopic properties of the crystalline homopolymers are greatly related to the amorphous and crystalline spatial distribution and to the respective mobilities. The aim of this work is to study these features with the use of the 1H and 13C NMR techniques. The nature of the crystalline form has been studied by solid-state 13C NMR. The values of the relaxation times, T1 (1H) and T1p(1H), in the crystalline regions reflect the size and the perfection of the crystallites. Thus, we have monitored the transformation of the smectic phase of a quenched sample to the alpha-form. The 1H NMR made it possible to obtain quantitative information on the different phases. We have evidenced, by 1H NMR, three distinct regions in the iPP: a crystalline phase, a free amorphous phase and a constraint amorphous phase. A good correlation has been obtained between the percentage of the different regions, measured by NMR, and the rate of the crystalline regions measured by X-ray scattering. The mobility of the free amorphous phase depends on the annealing temperature. An annealing at high temperature indeed allows to relax the constraints of this phase. The influence of the regio-defects on the bulk organisation of the iPP has been studied by means of iPP synthesized by metallocene catalysis exhibiting tail-to-tail linking defects and iPP/Ethylene copolymers. The presence of defects induces a noticeable decrease of the crystalline degree. The localisation of the defects in the iPP has been realised by 13C NMR. The major part of the defects is in the amorphous phase. However, we have highlighted that a little fraction of these defects are included in the crystallites
Vidal, Giovanni. "Etude de la régulation du pH dans le foie de rat isolé et perfusé par RMN du 31P". Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR28592.
Texto completoLassoued, Abdessalem. "Caractérisation de catalyseurs solides par fluorescence induite par laser". Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066447.
Texto completoChatelain-Klock, Elisabeth. "Etude par RMN du noyau 19F de l'incorporation d'anions fluorures dans des solides microporeux". Mulhouse, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MULH0336.
Texto completoRoscher, Albrecht. "Étude du métabolisme énergétique végétal par RMN d'échange chimique du 31P : développement et application de la technique 2D EXSY". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10059.
Texto completoPouységu, Laurent. "Détermination structurale de sucres par RMN 29Si,13C et 31P : expériences INEPT et DEPT associées à des simulations de spectres". Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10583.
Texto completoGobet, Mallory. "Etude par spectroscopies de RMN 23Na , 31P et 1H : effets de la teneur en sel (NaCl) dans des matrices alimentaires". Dijon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008DIJOS063.
Texto completoThe reduction of salt (NaCl) content in food has become a matter of public health. However, the multiple functions of salt in food make the reduction of its content difficult. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the applicability of NMR innovative techniques in order to characterise the mobility of sodium ions (distinction between ‘free’ and ‘bound’ sodium), to bring a better understanding of the role of salt in the organisation of the food matrix (in particular phosphorous molecules in dairy systems) and to study impact of salt on the mobility of aroma compounds. In a first step, the 23Na NMR study of iota-carrageenan gels validated the quantification of total sodium (Single-Quantum, SQ experiment) and also demonstrated the involvement of ‘bound’ sodium ions in the gelation process of this polysaccharide (Double-Quantum Filtered, DQF experiment). The diffusion of aroma compounds in these systems was measured by 1H DOSY NMR, but no specific impact of salt was evidenced. The second step was dedicated to study dairy systems and semi-hard cheeses by 23Na NMR and solid-state 31P NMR using the magic angle spinning (MAS) technique. We demonstrated the feasibility of 23Na NMR methods for the quantification of total sodium and the characterisation of Na motional state (presence of ‘bound’ ions) in these systems. 31P MAS NMR (simple pulse excitation, SPE and cross-polarisation, CP) enabled the identification of different phosphorous compounds (inorganic phosphate, colloidal calcium phosphate, phosphoserins), the determination of their proportions and also permitted to determine the involvement of these phosphorous compounds in the protein network of coagulated systems. With these results, we achieved to identify the parameters of composition (or processing) influencing the dynamics of sodium ions in real cheeses. We also determined the distribution of phosphorous compounds, in particular inorganic phosphate, in these cheeses. This work demonstrates that these 23Na and 31P NMR innovative techniques are perfectly applicable to real food and can help to adjust the manufacturing process of cheeses in order to optimise their sensory and functional properties
Payen, de la Garanderie Jean-François. "Etude par RMN 31P du métabolisme énergétique musculaire en physiopathologie humaine : applications à l'hyperthermie maligne et à l'hypoxie tissulaire chronique". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE19004.
Texto completoCarpentier, Laurent. "Caractérisation statique et dynamique des solides : la diffusion neutronique incohérente, les échos quadrupolaires en RMN". Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10189.
Texto completoRager, Marie-Noëlle. "Apport de la résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'étude du métabolisme bactérien". Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA114830.
Texto completoKnowledge of metabolic features of each bacterial species is of major interest in the medical, environmental and biotechnological fields. This work shows the contribution made by NMR to the investigation of metabolic diversity notably thanks to its overall and noninvasive approach. Sugar metabolism was studied on Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pasteurella multocida, Aeromonas hydrophila and Escherichia coli. 13C NMR allowed us to characterize transport systems, metabolic pathways and flux. 31P NMR allowed us to study cellular energetic state evolution, enzymatic activities and to characterize regulation factors. Thus, new metabolic pathways could be described. These approaches were applied for the study of bacteria on various states: culturable, nonculturable and encapsulated in silica gel
Chaumeil, Myriam. "Mesure du métabolisme énergétique cérébral par RMN du 31P in vivo : Validation méthodologique multimodale et application à l'étude de la neurodégénérescence". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00743243.
Texto completoChaumeil, Myriam. "Mesure du métabolisme énérgétique cérébral par RMN du 31P in vivo : validation méthodologique multimodale et application à l'étude de la neurodégénérescence". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112365.
Texto completoNeuroimaging methods have considerably developed over the last decades and offer various non-invasive approaches for measuring cerebral metabolic fluxes. Among these methods, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has the particularity to directly measure cerebral ATP synthesis, but is still methodologically challenging. In this context, a multimodal neuroimaging study was performed in order to validate the saturation transfer 31P MRS method as a quantitative measurement of brain ATP synthesis. Glucose consumption (CMRglc), TCA cycle flux (Vtca ) and rate of ATP synthesis (Vatp) were measured in primate monkeys using 18F-FDG PET scan, indirect 13C MRS and saturation transfer 31P MRS, respectively. The consistency of these three fluxes with literature and, more interestingly, one with each other, demonstrated the robustness of saturation transfer 31 P MRS for directly evaluating ATP synthesis in the living brain. The potential of 31P MRS was then evaluated on Huntington's disease patients. Stability of metabolic homeostasis, non-significant decrease in Vatp, and significant increase in cerebral pH were shown in HD patient's brain. The increase in cerebral pH, detected for the first time in MH, was correlated with motor scores. Given these results, in order to assess the precocity of pH variations associated with MH, a study was performed on a rodent chronic model of MH. A significant increase in cerebral pH was detected before any lesions evidence, showing the potentiality of pH measurement as early biomarker of MH
Nadal-Desbarats, Lydie. "Etude par spectrometrie rmn haute resolution 1h et 31p des lipides circulants et tissulaires dans les cancers (doctorat : genie biologique et medical)". Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN1B023.
Texto completoLE, JEUNE LE TALLEC NATHALIE. "Exploration pharmacologique des composantes mecaniques et metaboliques de la fatigue musculaire par spectroscopie de rmn du 31p in vivo (doctorat : biol. sante)". Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN1B012.
Texto completoLoudet-Courrèges, Cécile. "Les bicelles biphényles : un nouveau modèle de biomenbrane pour l'étude de protéines membranaires par RMN des solides". Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13306.
Texto completoProfeta, Mickaël. "Prédictions des paramètres RMN 17O dans les solides cristallins et amorphes par la théorie de la fonctionnelle de la densité". Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066270.
Texto completoSalager, Elodie. "High-resolution solid-state NMR for powder crystallography". Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0592.
Texto completoKnowledge of the three-dimensional structure is an invaluable element for the understanding of the properties of solid materials and towards the development of new materials. While single-crystal X-ray diffraction is established as the best tool to characterise monocrystalline samples, the experimental determination of the structure of polycrystalline powders remains a challenging domain. Many crystalline solids cannot be prepared as single crystals and must be characterized in the powder form. Other compounds are highly subject to polymorphism, and there is a need for structural determination techniques that minimize the risk of structural change during the characterisation. The problem is particularly relevant in the case of drug powders, which need to be accurately characterized in their active pharmaceutical form. This thesis presents new developments relating to powder nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) crystallography, i. E. Structure determination of powdered samples using high-resolution solid-state NMR at natural isotopic abundance. The first part of the thesis concentrates on the challenging case of protons and illustrates the opportunities offered by the latest generation of commercial NMR probes and new decoupling methods. Protocols are proposed in the second part, which benefit of the high-resolution solid-state NMR spectra accessible for protons and carbons and which make use of the strong dependence of the NMR parameters on crystalline structure details. These techniques are successfully applied to a model compound, thymol, and demonstrate the potential of solid-state NMR for structural determination of powdered compounds
Martineau-Corcos, Charlotte. "Caractérisation structurale de fluorures inorganiques par RMN du solide haute résolution multidimensionnelle et multi-noyaux". Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1023.pdf.
Texto completoThis thesis presents the structural investigation of inorganic fluorides by combining high resolution multinuclear and multidimensional solid state NMR, neutron or X-ray diffraction and ab initio calculation of electric field gradients. Such an approach allowed the determination of the crystalline structures of Pb5Ga3F19 and β-Pb2ZnF6. The structural models were supported by 1D MAS NMR experiments (19F, 207Pb and 71Ga or 67Zn) as well as 2D correlation MAS NMR experiments based on homonuclear 19F-19F dipolar couplings and, for the first time, on heteronuclear 19F-207Pb scalar and dipolar couplings. Fluorine ion mobility has been evidenced and characterized in these compounds by MAS variable temperature 19F 1D NMR and 2D exchange NMR experiments. Impedance spectroscopy measurements have been carried out revealing interesting anionic conductivity properties in β-Pb2ZnF6. A particular interest has been devoted to the measurements of 19F-207Pb J-couplings, which are not resolved on the MAS NMR spectra of the crystalline and glassy lead fluorides under study. This has lead to the development of the "multiple-quantum filtered J-resolved" experiment, efficient in this dilute spin system. The wide range of 19F-207Pb coupling constant values reflects the diversity of the lead and fluorine ion environments in these materials. Finally, numerous 19F, 23Na and 27Al NMR lines of crystalline compounds from the ternary system NaF-CaF2-AlF3 have been assigned by determining and modelling the NMR parameters. Moreover, we have shown, on other fluoroaluminates, the advantages and limits of 2D correlation NMR experiments
KERNEC, FLORENCE. "Exploration fonctionnelle de la creatine kinase sur mitochondries isolees de muscle squelettique de rat en spectrometrie rmn 31p (doctorat : genie biologique et medical)". Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN1B024.
Texto completoAussenac, Fabien. "Les "bicelles" et les "rafts" : de nouvelles membranes biomimétiques pour l'étude de protéines membranaires par RMN des solides". Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12592.
Texto completoNGOKOLI, KEKELE PAPSON. "Application de la rmn 1 2 9xe et de l'imagerie rmn- 1h a la caracterisation des solides microporeux et a l'etude de la diffusion d'hydrocarbures dans les zeolithes". Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066369.
Texto completoSaïda, Fakhri. "Etude de l'endoribonucléase de restriction RegB". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000707.
Texto completoKegba, Bodio François. "Spectromètre de RMN pour l'étude des solides : automatisation de la variation thermique et traitement du signal de précession libre". Mulhouse, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MULH0129.
Texto completoMarchadour, Charlotte. "Spectroscopie RMN cérébrale pour l'étude du milieu intracellulaire in vivo : développements méthodologiques pour la diffusion à courtes échelles de temps et pour la mesure du pH en détection 31P". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856086.
Texto completoCros-Gagneux, Arnaud. "Nanocristaux luminescents de phosphure d'indium : synthèse et chimie de surface". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3757/.
Texto completoAmong II-VI and III-V semiconductors, indium phosphide (InP) does not exhibit the toxicity of CdSe quantum dots (QDs). InP QDs are able to emit in the maximal transmissivity window of organic tissues (700-900 nm) and are therefore useful tools for in vivo bio-detection. However, the lack of reliable protocols allowing the growth of QDs diameters beyond 4-5 nm is a major drawback. Herein, we present a detailed study of the mechanisms governing the formation and stabilisation of InP QDs in a non-coordinating solvent. We also provide a new synthesis methodology at moderate temperature. The first chapter concerns InP QDs synthesis in octadecene, at 300°C, using indium carboxylate and tris(trimethyl)silylphosphine as precursors, with palmitic acid (PA). The growth of the as-synthesised QDs is limited at 3. 1 nm. The use of combined spectroscopic techniques (infrared and 31P, 13C, 1H NMR) allows a detailed description of dynamics and structure at molecular scale. This study shows an inhibited growth due to the appearance of oxidizing conditions, concomitant with the coupling of two PA at high temperature. This reaction results in the formation of a symetric ketone : hentriacontan-16-one. This molecule and octadecene are detected in the coordination sphere interacting by Van der Waals bond. The palmitate is strongly coordinated at the surface. The second chapter presents a synthesis protocol at moderate temperature (150°C). This reaction takes place in mesitylene, using a new precursor, indium tris(N,N'-diisopropyl)acetamidinate, and a mixture of PA and hexadecylamine. The as synthesised QDs have a diameter of 3. 3 nm QDs. The growth using annealing or precursors addition allows the obtention of QDs diameters of 3. 9 nm and a red-shifted emission at 680 nm. The coordination sphere of these QDs is composed by acid and amine organised in ionic couple interacting via weak bonds (hydrogen and Van der Waals). The further growth of a ZnS shell allows strong luminescence of these QDs
Kulai, Ihor. "Hétéro-éléments et nouveaux agents RAFT, synthèse et évaluation en polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30249.
Texto completoThe thesis is devoted to the synthesis and evaluation of new heteroelement-based regulators for controlled radical polymerization. Thirteen new organophosphorus and organotin RAFT agents were synthesized. In particular, triarylstannanecarbodithioates were considered for the first time as chain transfer agents for the RAFT polymerization. The method of their synthesis was improved by the use of sodium naphthalenide for the reduction of triarylstannyl chlorides. This allowed us to reduce the time required for the synthesis and increase the yield of desired product. During the synthesis of desired products, new examples of intramolecular nucleophilic substitution were identified, namely fragmentation of bis(triarylstannyl-carbonothioyl)disulfides and dimerization of tri-p-tolylstannyl triphenylstannane-carbodithioates. These results are of particular importance for the extension of our knowledge about mechanisms of organic reactions. A new and improved methodology of investigation of thermal degradation and polymerization reactions was developed. It comprises performing reactions directly in NMR tubes while obtaining 1H, 19F, 31P and 119Sn NMR spectra in situ. This improvement allowed us to increase the accuracy of quantitative analysis while avoiding side reactions and losses of volatile compounds. Additionally, it decreases the expenditure of time and material resources. This methodology was used to establish relationships between the structures of triarylstannanecarbodithioates and their thermal stability. In particular, the introduction of electropositive tolyl groups increases stability by 30-40 %. Additionally, the kinetic parameters, structures of main products and possible mechanism of thermal degradation were identified. Based on the collected information we have concluded that alkyl triarylstannanecarbodithioates can be used for low temperature polymerizations or for the polymerization of highly reactive monomers (e.g. acrylamides). The efficiency of the synthesized compounds as chain transfer agents was confirmed by the use of model radical polymerizations. Structure-efficiency relationships were identified for phosphorylmethanedithioates and allowed us to propose two RAFT agents, namely 1-phenylethyl (dicyclohexylphosphoryl)-methanedithioate and 1-phenylethyl (di(piperidin-1-yl)phosphoryl)methanedithioate for future practical application. Heteronuclear 31P and 119Sn NMR were demonstrated to be powerful tools for monitoring of the polymerization process. An original functional organophosphorus RAFT agent with coumarin fluorophore was synthesized and evaluated in RAFT polymerization. Investigation of its fluorescent properties allowed us to identify a linear correlation between the intensity of fluorescence and the chain length of the synthesized polymers
Shen, Ming. "Nouvelles méthodes de RMN des solides pour les corrélations homo- et hétéro-nucléaires et l’observation des noyaux de spin 1". Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10066/document.
Texto completoMy PhD work has focused on the development of advanced solid-state NMR methods. We have notably developed homo-nuclear correlation methods compatible with high MAS frequencies and high magnetic fields. First, we have shown that the robustness of finite pulse RadioFrequency Driven Recoupling (fp-RFDR) technique can be improved by the use of nested (XY8)41 super-cycling. Such method has been employed to probe 13C-13C and 31P-31P proximities in solids. Second, we have also introduced a second-order proton-assisted 13C-13C correlation experiment, denoted “Second-order Hamiltonian among Analogous nuclei plus” (SHA+), to observe long-range 13C-13C proximities in solids at fast MAS and high magnetic field. During my PhD, we have also improved the heteronuclear correlation methods for the indirect observation of 14N nuclei via protons. We have shown that the spectral resolution along the indirect dimension of proton-detected Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Correlation (HMQC) spectra can be enhanced by applying homonuclear dipolar decoupling schemes during the t1 period. We have also proposed the use of centerband-selective radio-frequency (rf) pulses for the excitation of 14N nuclei in 1H{14N} HMQC experiment. The efficiency of these centerband-selective pulse is comparable to that of broadband excitation given the rf field delivered by common solid-state NMR probes. The last part of my PhD focuses on the improvement of the quadrupolar echo sequence for the acquisition of the 2H spectra of solids. The distortions of such spectra were reduced by the introduction of novel composite pulses
Suh, Kyung-Soo. "Étude par ¹⁹F RMN de la mobilité de l'ion F⁻ dans quelques solutions solides de type fluorine excédentaires en anions". Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR10613.
Texto completoHajjar, Redouane. "RMN de l'interaction quadripolaire au second ordre d'un solide en rotation : théorie, simulation et application du MQMAS aux catalyseurs solides". Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066614.
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