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Guha, Mahua. "Routine responses to disruption of routines." International Journal of Learning and Change 8, no. 2 (2015): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijlc.2015.074065.
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McConnell, S. "Why you should use routines...routinely." IEEE Software 15, no. 4 (1998): 96, 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/52.687957.
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Zhao, Zelin, Chuang Gan, Jiajun Wu, Xiaoxiao Guo, and Joshua B. Tenenbaum. "Augmenting Policy Learning with Routines Discovered from a Single Demonstration." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 35, no. 12 (May 18, 2021): 11024–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i12.17316.
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Humans can abstract prior knowledge from very little data and use it to boost skill learning. In this paper, we propose routine-augmented policy learning (RAPL), which discovers routines composed of primitive actions from a single demonstration and uses discovered routines to augment policy learning. To discover routines from the demonstration, we first abstract routine candidates by identifying grammar over the demonstrated action trajectory. Then, the best routines measured by length and frequency are selected to form a routine library. We propose to learn policy simultaneously at primitive-level and routine-level with discovered routines, leveraging the temporal structure of routines. Our approach enables imitating expert behavior at multiple temporal scales for imitation learning and promotes reinforcement learning exploration. Extensive experiments on Atari games demonstrate that RAPL improves the state-of-the-art imitation learning method SQIL and reinforcement learning method A2C. Further, we show that discovered routines can generalize to unseen levels and difficulties on the CoinRun benchmark.
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Mindell, Jodi, Erin Leichman, and Katie Rotella. "0507 Prevalence and Components of Naptime vs. Bedtime Routines in Young Children." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.504.
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Abstract Introduction Bedtime routines are a well-established sleep-promoting practice for young children; however, little is known about the prevalence or components of naptime routines. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and activities (e.g., feeding, hygiene components) of home-based naptime routines for infants and toddlers. Methods Mothers of 465 infants and toddlers (4-36mos; M=18.5mos) completed an online questionnaire addressing questions about naptime routines and behaviors, as well as the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire–Revised (BISQ-R). The sample included infants (4-11.9m; n=147), younger 1-year-olds (12-17.9m; n=87), older 1-year-olds (18-23.9m; n=75), and 2-year-olds (24-36m; n=156). Results Overall, 95% (n=440) reported that their child naps at home, and 65% (n=301) indicated having a naptime routine lasting approximately half an hour (M=29.0 minutes; SD=31.0). As compared to 54% reporting a consistent naptime routine (³5 times per week), ranging from 50% in 2yos to 62% in younger-1yos, 81% had a consistent bedtime routine. Overall, mothers reported a mean 69.0% (SD=24.4) similarity between naptime and bedtime routine steps. A bath (18% at naptime vs. 90% at bedtime), washing-up (30% vs. 56%), lotion use (23% vs. 80%), breastfeeding/breastmilk (21% vs. 37%), and feeding to sleep (44.% vs. 47%) were less prevalent at naptime than bedtime.Prevalence ranges by age group were: bath 12% (2yos) to 23% (infants) at naptime and 84% (infants) to 93% (2yos) at bedtime; washing-up, 28% (infants) to 34% (older-1yos) at naptime and 54% (younger-1yos) to 58% (infants) at bedtime; lotion application, 19% (2yos) to 29% (younger-1yos) at naptime and 78% (2yos) to 83% (younger-1yos) at bedtime; breastfeeding, 8% (2yos) to 35% (infants) at naptime and 13% (2yos) to 65% (infants) at bedtime; and feeding to sleep, 31% (2yos) to 57% (infants) at naptime and 35% (2yos) to 58% (infants) at bedtime. Conclusion Overall, nearly all infants and toddlers napped, and just over half reported having a naptime routine. Naptime routines were much less prevalent than bedtime routines, but overall contained similar activities. Feeding behaviors across naptime and bedtime routines were more similar than hygiene components (e.g., bath), with slight variation by age. Psychoeducation about a naptime routine’s potential benefit may be warranted. Support (If Any) Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
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Stańczyk-Hugiet, Ewa. "Organizational Routines and Innovation: Micro and Macro Antecedents." Journal of Management and Financial Sciences, no. 31 (July 29, 2019): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/jmfs.2018.31.8.
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This paper explores the ambiguous nature of organizational routines in regard to generating innovation or innovation routine. Considering the dual character of routine, we conceptualize that routines have inherently a potential to drive changes, therefore, organizational routines should be considered as a trigger of innovation. In order to exploit organizational routines as a vehicle for innovation, managers should be aware that micro and macro level factors influence the dynamics ofroutines. Hence, to design proper organizational settings managers should learn about the mechanisms activating learning processes as essential for new knowledge generation as well as for novelty generation through organization built on a routine system.
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Salvato, Carlo, and Claus Rerup. "Routine Regulation: Balancing Conflicting Goals in Organizational Routines." Administrative Science Quarterly 63, no. 1 (April 27, 2017): 170–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001839217707738.
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To examine how organizational routines serve as a source for balancing conflicting organizational goals, we use an inductive study of Alessi, an Italian design company, to trace how organizational members simultaneously achieved the conflicting organizational goals of design and efficiency in the new product development routine. Our analysis identified three types of regulatory actions (splicing, activating, and repressing) that participants took to flexibly enact these conflicting organizational goals through the same routine. We observed that the three regulatory actions facilitated new connections between new product development participants, allowing them to create a dynamic truce and accomplish the two conflicting goals in a new product’s origination, evaluation, and development phases. Routine regulation shifts our focus away from the routine as a stable truce to the truce as process, highlighting the role of actions performed by individuals throughout the organizational hierarchy, and moves the conversation away from eliminating goal conflict to elaborating the ongoing actions that people take to manage conflicting organizational goals. Our findings and theoretical insights produce a deeper conceptualization of routines as generative systems by demonstrating how action taken to enact a routine also has the capacity to regulate conflicting organizational goals.
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Lin, Haifen, Mengya Chen, and Jingqin Su. "How management innovations are successfully implemented? An organizational routines’ perspective." Journal of Organizational Change Management 30, no. 4 (July 3, 2017): 456–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-07-2016-0124.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address how management innovations are implemented deeply at the most micro level of organizations, namely, organizational routines, or to investigate the process through which organizational routines evolve in implementing management innovations, with existing routines overturned and new routines created and solidified. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts an interpretive and exploratory case study on the case of Day-Definite (DD) innovation which has successfully brought Arima World Group Company Limited (HOAU) into a new value-added arena, in terms of timing, security and high service quality. Considering that DD innovation reflects a systematic innovation of the whole organization, this paper focuses on it to explore the complex implementation mechanism of management innovation. Multiple approaches were utilized during data collection to meet criteria for trustworthiness, including semi-structured interviews, archival data and observation; and the data analysis went through a five-step process. Findings The results confirm management innovation as a complex project concerning organizational routines which represent a central and fundamental element of organizations. Also, it finds that organizational routines evolve in innovation implementation through a three-phase process consisting of the existing-routine-domination phase, the new-routine-creation phase and -solidification phases, each exhibiting different innovation activities and characteristics of participants’ cognition and behaviors; recreation of new routines is the key for routine evolution, thus for success of management innovations. Research limitations/implications This research is constrained by several limitations. The set-up framework of organizational routine evolution in innovation implementation needs a further confirmation in more organizations; other elements, such as cognition of managers, resource orchestration, environmental elements or organizational culture, should be considered for the success of innovation implementation; and more attention should be paid to the potential power asymmetries among participants and its potential influence on forming shared schemata and subsequent new routines, besides interactions and role taking. Originality/value The findings offer some valuable insights for further research on management innovation and organizational routines and hold important implications for management practices. This research extends research on management innovation and the Kurt Lewin Change Theory and Change Model to explore innovation implementation at a most micro level; furthers research on organizational routines, especially routine dynamic theory, by holding the two-component view and exploring the process through which organizational routines evolve; and contributes to research on the relationship between organizational routines and innovations by taking an organizational routines’ perspective. It reminds managers of the depth and complication of innovation implementation.
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Tattersall Wallin, Elisa. "Audiobook routines: identifying everyday reading by listening practices amongst young adults." Journal of Documentation 78, no. 7 (December 6, 2021): 266–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-06-2021-0116.
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Purpose This article explores, identifies and conceptualises everyday audiobook reading practices amongst young adults.Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten Swedish audiobook users aged 18–19. The material was analysed using qualitative content analysis and focused on their audiobook use during an average weekday, as this was the time that they listened the most. The theoretical framework consists of theories on practice, time and everyday routine.Findings Five timespaces emerged when audiobook practices were most prevalent: morning routines, commuting routines, school routines, after school routines and bedtime routines. Within these timespaces, several practices could be identified and conceptualised. Three mobile practices were commute listening, exercise listening and chore listening while more stationary practices were homework listening, schoolwork listening and leisure listening. An unexpected finding was how audiobooks routinely were used to aid respondents’ wellbeing. This wellbeing listening was used to alleviate stress, loneliness and help listeners relax or fall asleep. Furthermore, respondents switch between Music, Audiobooks and Podcasts, which is conceptualised as MAP-switching.Originality/value There is a scarcity of research on audiobook use, and this paper contributes with new knowledge on audiobook reading practices, how audiobooks fit into everyday routine and provides concepts to aid further research on audiobook practices.
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Rawstrone, Annette. "Routines." Nursery World 2018, no. 14 (July 9, 2018): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nuwa.2018.14.22.
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Segerberg, Krister. "Routines." Synthese 65, no. 2 (November 1985): 185–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00869299.
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Wellbery, Caroline E. "Routines." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 274, no. 4 (July 26, 1995): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1995.03530040023016.
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Derungs, A., C. Schuster-Amft, O. Amft, G. Tröster, and J. Seiter. "Daily Life Activity Routine Discovery in Hemiparetic Rehabilitation Patients Using Topic Models." Methods of Information in Medicine 54, no. 03 (2015): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me14-01-0082.
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Summary Background: Monitoring natural behavior and activity routines of hemiparetic rehabilitation patients across the day can provide valuable progress information for therapists and patients and contribute to an optimized rehabilitation process. In particular, continuous patient monitoring could add type, frequency and duration of daily life activity routines and hence complement standard clinical scores that are assessed for particular tasks only. Machine learning methods have been applied to infer activity routines from sensor data. However, supervised methods require activity annotations to build recognition models and thus require extensive patient supervision. Discovery methods, including topic models could provide patient routine information and deal with variability in activity and movement performance across patients. Topic models have been used to discover characteristic activity routine patterns of healthy individuals using activity primitives recognized from supervised sensor data. Yet, the applicability of topic models for hemiparetic rehabilitation patients and techniques to derive activity primitives without supervision needs to be addressed. Objectives: We investigate, 1) whether a topic model-based activity routine discovery framework can infer activity routines of rehabilitation patients from wearable motion sensor data. 2) We compare the performance of our topic model-based activity routine discovery using rule-based and clustering-based activity vocabulary. Methods: We analyze the activity routine discovery in a dataset recorded with 11 hemiparetic rehabilitation patients during up to ten full recording days per individual in an ambulatory daycare rehabilitation center using wearable motion sensors attached to both wrists and the non-affected thigh. We introduce and compare rule-based and clustering-based activity vocabulary to process statistical and frequency acceleration features to activity words. Activity words were used for activity routine pattern discovery using topic models based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation. Discovered activity routine patterns were then mapped to six categorized activity routines. Results: Using the rule-based approach, activity routines could be discovered with an average accuracy of 76% across all patients. The rule-based approach outperformed clustering by 10% and showed less confusions for predicted activity routines. Conclusion: Topic models are suitable to discover daily life activity routines in hemiparetic rehabilitation patients without trained classifiers and activity annotations. Activity routines show characteristic patterns regarding activity primitives including body and extremity postures and movement. A patient-independent rule set can be derived. Including expert knowledge supports successful activity routine discovery over completely data-driven clustering.
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Mindell, Jodi, Erin S. Leichman, M. Catherine Mack, and Mikayla Carson. "0834 Bedtime and Naptime Routines: Associations with Newborn and Parental Sleep Outcomes." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A357—A358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0834.
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Abstract Introduction A consistent bedtime routine is associated with better sleep and well-being in young children. However, little is known about the prevalence of bedtime and naptime routines in newborns, and their association with sleep outcomes in both the newborns and their parents. Methods Parents (67% mothers, 33% fathers) of 135 newborns (1-15wks; M=8.2wks) from the US and UK completed an online questionnaire addressing questions about sleep and routines in newborns, as well as measures of sleep in the parents (PROMIS sleep disturbance scale and sleep-related impairment scale). Results Overall, 62% (n=84) reported having a bedtime routine and 20% (n=27) a naptime routine for their newborn. Of these families, 50% started a bedtime routine before 4 weeks of age with 58% starting a naptime routine within the same time frame. Most parents who engaged in a bedtime routine indicated that they liked it (79%), it was easy (70%), it helped their newborn fall asleep (62%) and sleep for longer stretches overnight (54%). For those with naptime routines, approximately half liked them (54%) and reported they were easy (50%), but fewer thought they helped their newborn nap (35%). Most parents thought that sleep routines helped them bond with their newborn (88% bedtime, 69% naptime). Further, newborns with a bedtime routine had longer stretches of sleep (5.1h vs. 4.2h, p=.023), shorter total time awake during the night (128.6m vs. 175.7m, p=.002), and trended toward fewer night wakings (2.1 vs. 1.7, p=.070). Finally, parents who had bedtime routines for their newborn were less likely to experience sleep disturbances themselves, p=.017, but there were no differences in sleep-related impairment. Conclusion Over half of all newborns have a bedtime routine, but only 20% a naptime routine. However, these routines are liked by parents and associated with increased sleep consolidation in newborns and decreased sleep disturbances in parents. A simple recommendation of instituting sleep routines for newborns may result in improved sleep outcomes for newborns and their parents. Support (if any) Kenvue, Skillman, NJ, USA
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Habib, Johanna, and Cathy Krohmer. "Balanced or unbalanced routines: the case of two routines dynamics in a French hospital." Journal of Organizational Change Management 29, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 508–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-11-2015-0212.
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Purpose – The performative approach views organizational routines as generative systems with internal aspects – ostensive and performative – and dynamics (Feldman and Pentland, 2003). The purpose of this paper is to better understand under which conditions the routine dynamics happens or not. Design/methodology/approach – To deal with this issue, for 13 months, the authors conducted a comparative and longitudinal case studies based on the evolution of the organizational routines in absence management in two departments of a French hospital. Findings – The results show contrasting dynamics in the studied organizational routines: one evolved, the other in contrast, seemed blocked. The authors suggest that the routine dynamics depends on the relative weight of its ostensive and performative aspects: a balance situation makes mutual adaptions possible and an imbalance situation leads to the conservation of defective routine. The research underlines also that, in the hospital context, the capacity of management and teams to discuss and to negotiate the implementation of external rules plays an important role in the balance of the internal dimensions of routine. Originality/value – While the literature on performative approach focusses on the “how and why” the routine act as a source of continuous change, this research investigates more in depth the working of the routines dynamics itself. The issue of balance or imbalance introduces a new element in the framework of routine dynamics and can constitute an interesting focus for managers looking to transform their organizational routines.
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Gao, Dehua, Flaminio Squazzoni, and Xiuquan Deng. "The Intertwining Impact of Intraorganizational and Routine Networks on Routine Replication Dynamics: An Agent-Based Model." Complexity 2018 (November 11, 2018): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8496235.
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Organizational routines are means through which organizations can reutilize best practices and so their replication, i.e., duplicating beneficial routines across context, is a key value-creating strategy. However, it is difficult to map network effects on routine replication. Here, we investigated routine replicating dynamics considering two types of network contexts, namely, (1) connections between different (geographically distributed) units in a decentralized organization and (2) the coupling relation between routines, i.e., a bundle of different routines involved in each unit. By considering routine replication as one kind of template-based activities between different units, we examined interrelations between routines with a NK-based fitness landscape model. Our results show that when there is an appropriate level of absorptive capacities (i.e., when organizations are capable of identifying and acquiring externally generated knowledge), there is an optimal combination of these two types of networks, which is beneficial to routine replicating practices and organization adaptation. Furthermore, we also found that intraorganizational variations, including template-duplicating errors and innovative activities, are instrumental to enhance adaptive changes. Our findings suggest measures to control and manage best practice diffusion across organizations.
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Fiol, Marlena, and Edward O’Connor. "Unlearning established organizational routines – Part I." Learning Organization 24, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tlo-09-2016-0056.
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Purpose The purpose of this two-part paper is to develop a process model of unlearning established organizational routines. The model traces the interactions among three unlearning sub-processes: ostensive aspects of initial destabilization of an established routine; performative aspects of ongoing discarding-from-use of old behaviors and experimenting with new ones; and ostensive aspects of eventual release of prior understandings and development of new ones. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on evidence from psychology and cognitive science to explain the mechanisms underlying organizational processes of unlearning embedded routines. Findings The proposed model contributes to enriching current understanding of unlearning organizational routines without contradicting it. Consistent with prior understanding, destabilizing an old routine may lead to discarding it, and further discarding-from-use is likely required for continued destabilization of embedded routines. Again, consistent with prior understanding, experimenting with new behaviors may be a desired outcome of unlearning an old routine, and ongoing experimentation is likely required to sustain unlearning embedded routines. Originality/value The organizational unlearning literature provides many examples of organizational members relinquishing old routines to then make new learning possible and also provides little insight into the processes by which this occurs. The paper addresses this gap by modeling the mutually reinforcing nature of three unlearning sub-processes.
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VROMEN, JACK J. "Routines as multilevel mechanisms." Journal of Institutional Economics 7, no. 2 (June 7, 2010): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137410000160.
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Abstract:It is argued that routines can be fruitfully conceived of as multilevel mechanisms. The merits of viewing routines as multilevel mechanisms are that it helps in putting together a coherent picture of what routines are, what routines do, and how they do it. In particular, it helps in getting a clearer picture of how skills and routines are ontologically (rather than metaphorically) related to each other. It allows us to see that while routines aregenerativemechanisms producing recurrent patterns of firm behavior, asmultilevelmechanisms they themselves are at the same time recurrent patterns of interaction within firms. Because of its ‘behavioral’ spirit, viewing routines as multilevel mechanisms (rather than as, for example, unobservable dispositions of firms to energize patterns of behavior in firms) greatly facilitates further empirical research on crucial, as yet unresolved issues, such as how stable and robust routines are and to what extent firm behavior is routine.
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Dyen, Margot, Lucie Sirieix, Sandrine Costa, Laurence Depezay, and Eloïse Castagna. "Exploring the dynamics of food routines: a practice-based study to understand households’ daily life." European Journal of Marketing 52, no. 12 (November 12, 2018): 2544–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-10-2017-0775.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore consumers’ experienced life and studies how practices interconnect and are organized on a daily basis. The objective is to contribute to a better understanding of how (or whether) it is possible to interfere with daily practices, as public policies pretend to do, to address several societal challenges (food waste, healthy eating, greenhouse gas reduction, social equity, etc.). Design/methodology/approach Using the concepts of routine, ritual and practice to understand the dynamics of daily life from a practice theories perspective, this study is based on a qualitative methodology combining a projective method of collage coupled with semi-structured interviews with 23 participants and, participant observation of shopping, cooking and mealtimes at home with 11 of the 23 participants. Findings Results show that the degree of systematization of practices defines different types of routine according to various systematization factors (time, commitment, social relations, material), suggesting a distinction between systematized, hybrid and partially systematized routines. Beyond the question of the degree of systematization of practices composing routines, results show that some practices are embedded in daily routines due to their ritualization. Research limitations/implications This work takes part of the debates on how to study households’ daily life, and challenges the understanding of daily life activity more globally than just by the prism of isolated actions. For that, this study uses the concepts of routines and rituals. They are relevant to describe and to capture the tangle of practices composing food activities. The study shows that the material dimensions, the pressure of time, the commitments and the social relations condition the global arrangement of the food practices in a variable way. Practical implications Such results offer new perspectives for intervening on households’ daily consumption by understanding the global dynamics of food routines. Originality/value This work contributes to a better understanding of consumers’ food practices and routines and to a practice-change perspective considering constrained and routinely constructed lives.
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Dobrijević, Slobodanka, and Lidija Moskovljević. "Components of competition routines in rhythmic gymnastics depending on the type of apparatus." Fizicka kultura 75, no. 2 (2021): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fizkul75-34992.
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Monitoring and analysis of competition routines in rhythmic gymnastics have so far provided a lot of useful information on the development trends of this sport and current models in elite sport, but also pointed out shortcomings in the development system of this sports discipline, trying to guide its development in the right direction. However, there are still insufficiently researched areas in this field, numerous doubts and incomplete analyses, and this study was organized as a certain contribution to solving these problems. The aim of this paper was to determine whether routines with different types of apparatus differ in the routine components, which describe the competitive performance i.e.,score in rhythmic gymnastics. The analysis included a total of 1044 routines from the two Rhythmic Gymnastics World Championships, including 261 routines with each apparatus (hoop, ball, clubs, ribbon). There were 7 variables examined in relation to the scores achieved by the competitors for individual components of the routine, as well as in regard to the total score. Statistical data analysis was performed using the SPSS 21 program and Microsoft Excel 2015. The Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples was used to test the differences in scores between the routines with different types of apparatus. The results have shown that differences between the routines with different types of apparatus exist in all components of the routine, except in the component of artistry
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Sheldon, Robert Charles, Fabien De Geuser, and Eric Michael Laviolette. "New Routines: Organizational Flexibility, Operational Entrepreneurship and Routine Adoption." Academy of Management Proceedings 2017, no. 1 (August 2017): 11042. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2017.11042abstract.
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Rosales, Virginia, Medhanie Gaim, and Linda Rouleau. "Stretching Routines: How Newcomers’ Learning Process Shapes Routine Dynamics." Academy of Management Proceedings 2020, no. 1 (August 2020): 15186. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2020.15186abstract.
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Nigam, Amit, Ruthanne Huising, and Brian Golden. "Explaining the Selection of Routines for Change during Organizational Search." Administrative Science Quarterly 61, no. 4 (July 7, 2016): 551–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001839216653712.
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We examine how organizations select some routines to be changed, but not others, during organizational search. Selection is a critical step that links an exogenous trigger for change, change in individual routines, and larger processes of organizational adaptation. Drawing on participant observation of an initiative to improve perioperative efficiency in seven Ontario hospitals, we find that organizational roles shape selection by influencing both politics and frames in organizational search. Roles shape politics by defining the role-specific goals of the people who have authority to change a routine. Organizations will not select a routine for change unless at least some elites—people with role-based authority—frame the existing routine as negatively affecting their role-specific goals. Roles also shape individuals’ frames. Because people are only partially exposed to interdependencies between routines in their day-to-day work, they may not be fully aware of the diverse impact that an existing routine can have on their goals. Proponents for change can use strategic framing to focus attention on interdependencies between routines to get elites to better see how an existing routine negatively affects their goals. They can also change elites’ goals by using strategic framing to focus attention on new and broader goals that the change in routine would promote.
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Moskovljević, Lidija, and Slobodanka Dobrijević. "Influence of the competition components on placement in rhythmic gymnastics." Fizicka kultura 76, no. 2 (2022): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fizkul76-42455.
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Analyses of the development trends in rhythmic gymnastics have so far provided a lot of useful information to sports experts, which as important guidelines in the training process can significantly contribute to the development of the athletes' competitive abilities. The aim of this paper was to determine the impact of different routine components on the competitive performance of gymnasts in the rhythmic gymnastics individual competition program. In accordance with the aim of the paper, the competition routines performed by the participants in the 37th and 38th World Championships were analyzed i.e., a total of 1044 and 261 routines with each type of apparatus (hoop, ball, clubs and ribbon). For the purpose of the analysis, official data on the results achieved in these competitions were used, and four variables were examined, pertaining to the scores for specific routine components (body difficulty, apparatus difficulty, routine artistic value and quality of execution). The relation between individual routine components and the ranking achieved was assessed by the Spearman's test, while the application of linear regression analysis determined the extent to which individual routine components were predictors of the achieved rankings. The results of the analysis of all routines, regardless of the type of apparatus used, have shown the highest correlation between the score for the technical quality of execution and the achieved ranking, while the lowest correlation was found between the score for the apparatus difficulty and the achieved ranking. However, there are significant differences in terms of the impact of different routine components on competitive performance when the routines with different types of apparatus were observed separately. Regarding the routines of gymnasts at the top level of competition, precision and accuracy in execution generally have the greatest influence on performance, while depending on the type of apparatus used, performance is differently conditioned by the quality of execution of other components of the routine.
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Nuria Gil Mariño, Cecilia, Alejandro Kelly-Hopfenblatt, Clara Kriger, and Marina Moguillansky. "Modern routines." Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media, no. 21 (August 5, 2021): 160–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/alpha.21.10.
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The renewal of theoretical and methodological tools, putting the spotlight of film historiography on movie audiences and their movie-going routines, has meant a significant shift for the study of national and regional cinemas. The New Cinema History movement has demonstrated the vital importance of introducing in-depth, data-based studies of exhibition, distribution and programming, considering both individual and collective experiences. One trend in this renewal of cinema history are studies that rely on oral testimonies of the elderly to reconstruct their movie-going practices. This article discusses the ways spatial and temporal perceptions appear in oral narratives of movie-going experiences in Buenos Aires during the 1940s and 1950s. Based on twenty qualitative interviews with elderly men and women who attended cinemas during that period, we explore how through their imaginaries they build a certain place in the past that shows sharp contrasts to the perceived present. We trace the ways in which memories are intertwined with the emergence of modern routines in their environment and the way the cinematographic experience affected the audience’s mental cartography of the different environments of Buenos Aires. Film consumption, which included not only going to the pictures but also a constant presence of its imaginaries in their daily life, led them to develop new sensorial skills, helping them face a changing world.
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Wolberg, Rochelle Ibañez, and Allison Goff. "Thinking Routines." Journal of Museum Education 37, no. 1 (March 2012): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10598650.2012.11510718.
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Bromley, Matt. "Classroom routines…" SecEd 2019, no. 12 (June 1, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/sece.2019.12.48.
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Hailegeorgis, Teklu T., and Knut Alfredsen. "Comparative evaluation of performances of different conceptualisations of distributed HBV runoff response routines for prediction of hourly streamflow in boreal mountainous catchments." Hydrology Research 46, no. 4 (August 12, 2014): 607–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2014.051.
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Unidentifiability and equifinality of parameters pose challenges to calibration and prediction by conceptual precipitation-runoff models. Evaluation of prediction performances of parametrical parsimonious and more complex conceptualisations is lacking for hourly simulation. We conducted a comparative evaluation of four configurations of the distributed (1 × 1 km2 grids) HBV (Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenballansavdelning) runoff response routines for hourly streamflow simulation for boreal mountainous catchments in mid-Norway. The routines include the standard Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute HBV or HBV-SMHI, HBV-non-linear (standard soil routine and non-linear reservoirs), HBV-Soil Parsim R (standard soil routine and linear reservoirs) and HBV-Parsim (parsimonious and linear soil routine and reservoirs). The routines provided simulated hydrographs, flow duration curves and quantile–quantile plots, which are marginally different from each other for the study catchments. However, the HBV-Parsim provided better parameter identifiability and uncertainty, and simulated baseflow that better matches the baseflow separated by filtering techniques. Performances of the HBV-Parsim indicated a potential for application of parametrical parsimonious routines, which would benefit model updating for forecasting purposes. The study revealed strong effects of the soil moisture (SM) parameters on the recharge, percolation and hence the baseflow, which substantiates the importance of evaluating the internal simulation (e.g., SM and baseflow) of the HBV routines against measurements or analytical computations.
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Grandinetti, Roberto. "A Routine-Based Theory of Routine Replication." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 6, 2022): 8254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148254.
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Organizational routines have been investigated by scholars from two opposite perspectives: the first is rooted in the evolutionary economics of Nelson and Winter; the second relies on the reconceptualization of routines proposed by Feldman and Pentland. The main reason that has kept the perspectives separated concerns the issue of routine replication, which found space in the former while it remained in the shadows in the latter. Studies that have dealt with this issue offer many clues on the one or other form that replication can take. What is lacking is a routine-based theory of routine replication capable of comparing their different forms. The paper pursues this goal in two stages. First, routines are reconceptualized as repetitive, recognizable patterns of interdependent actions, connected with the external environment, guided by specific knowledge and involving multiple, interacting actors and artifacts. Then, this reconceptualization leads to a discussion of the issue of routine replication and its forms. This way of conceiving routines leads to developing an original and unitary theoretical framework covering the different forms of routine replication. What lends intra-organizational replication a greater replicability than inter-organizational replication is the presence of a template and of actors specialized in planning the replication process. In its serial and routinized form, intra-organizational replication can potentially reach the highest level of replicability. The same results can be achieved by the routine replication that underlies franchise systems. In the two forms of inter-organizational replication—spin-offs and employee mobility—the template is replaced by a weaker knowledge repository consisting of the memory of individuals who leave one organization and try to replicate its routines at another. The disadvantage deriving from the lack of a template can be contained when specific factors are present that facilitate the work of replication actors.
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Ghinea, Assoc Prof Valentina Mihaela. "The impact of routine on employees' creativity and innovation." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (November 10, 2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(128).
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Routines are an integral part of all modern jobs, either as a result of organizational policies which require the employees to follow certain steps or as a result of people’s innate tendency towards the creation of habits. The research on the impact of routines on employee’s creativity is scant and widely divided. Certain authors argue that work routines are beneficial to creativity and innovation since they free up time for more complex tasks and creative thinking while also raising the employees’ perception of self-efficacy and self-confidence. In contrast, other authors view work routines as detrimental to creativity and innovation since they lower the employees’ overall work motivation and create barriers to change. Based on the analysis of the results of a web survey completed by 233 Romanian employees, the present study proves that there is a direct negative effect of work routines on employees’ ability to generate creative solutions to newly identified problems, either when they are directly asked to do so or when they volunteer. The analysis also shows that holding a managerial position reduces the negative impact that a high level of work routine has on the employees’ creativity and innovation, but that the type of job does not mediate or moderate the negative effect of work routines. The results are significant for improvement of job design by showcasing the need of reducing the level of work routines in order to improve the overall organizational creativity. Keywords: routine, creativity, employee driven-innovation, employee's perception.
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Marschall, Matthias. "Suivez le guide... L'acquisition de routines de lecture en langue 1 et en langue 2 (renominalisation et pronominalisation)." Travaux neuchâtelois de linguistique, no. 29 (December 1, 1998): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26034/tranel.1998.2662.
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The choice of anaphors indicates the architecture of a text. Mothertongue readers integrate by routine those grammatical informations to construct a semantic representation of the text. This article deals with the acquisition of grammar based routines both in first language (French) and in second language (German). The aim of our investigation is to know whether grammar based reading routines are a matter of general cognitive development or of language reading, advanced French speaking learners of German do not use the reading routines they already have acquired in their first language. So, grammar based routines can probably not be considered as a part of general cognitive development but as a part of language acquisition.
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Fernandes, Gisele Cristina Manfrini, and Astrid Eggert Boehs. "Routine healthcare for families in transition after a natural disaster." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 21, no. 4 (July 2013): 982–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692013000400021.
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OBJECTIVE: to present the healthcare routines of families in transition after natural disasters based on the Family Routines and Rituals theoretical framework. METHOD: this qualitative study of multiple cases was developed based on six rural families in southern Brazil, 2 years after a natural disaster. The data were collected through participant observation, interviews, narratives, genograms, ecomaps, and routine calendars, and a narrative analysis was conducted. RESULTS: families showed notable episodes of illness that required professional assistance during post-disaster care, daily routine care, and other routines associated with healthcare services. CONCLUSION: these results reinforce the need for nurses to attend to family experiences during transitions after natural disasters and to prepare for the changes and needs with regard to healthcare and its promotion.
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Rahayu, Indri Ngesti, Lani Diana, and R. Varidianto Yudo Tjahjono. "Effects of Morning’s Prayer Routines in The Congregation on Random Blood Sugar Levels of Elderly at Al Wahyu Mosque Rungkut Surabaya." Oceana Biomedicina Journal 4, no. 2 (August 16, 2021): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30649/obj.v4i2.12.
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Background: Increased health problems in the elderly occur because of the aging process that causes many changes in their body. One of the changes istheincrease in blood glucose more than normal and at risk of diabetes mellitus. Morning prayer can be a religious coping and regular physical activity that lowers blood sugar levels. Objective: to analyze the effect of the morning prayer routines in the congregation on random blood sugar levels of the elderly at Al-Wahyu Mosque Rungkut Surabaya. Method:This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design using 30 respondents. The group studied was the congregation of the morning prayers of the Al Wahyu MosqueRungkut Surabaya which was over 45-year-old which undergoes random blood sugar levels measurement. Results:The Independent t-testmethodshowedthat the value of signification was 0,000 (p<0,05) which means that there is the influence of the morning prayer’s routines in the congregation on random blood sugar levels of the elderly at Al-Wahyu Mosque Rungkut Surabaya. Conclusion:Elderly people who routinely carry out the morning prayer routines in the congregation have lower blood sugar levels than elderly people who are not routine.
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Seemann-Sinn, Alexander, Peter Rüdrich, Tom Gorges, Ingo Sandau, Falk Naundorf, and Bernd Wolfarth. "Determining Physiological and Energetic Demands during High-Level Pommel Horse Routines Using a Modified Method Based on Heart Rate–Oxygen Uptake Functions." Sports 12, no. 1 (January 10, 2024): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports12010027.
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This study aimed (1) to assess the validity of a modified method (Mmod) based on heart rate (HR)—oxygen uptake (VO2) regression functions to calculate total energy costs (Wtotal) and aerobic (Waer) and anaerobic alactic energy contribution (Wpcr) and (2) to analyse the physiological and energetic demands of high-level pommel horse routines (PH routines). The Mmod was developed because VO2 measurements are limited during high-level PH routines. Answering Part 1, nine male artistic gymnasts performed a PH routine where energy costs were calculated from VO2 measurements and then compared with energy costs determined from the HR- VO2 regressions of Mmod’s two additional tests. Using the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and Deming regression, Waer (CCC = 0.955), Wpcr (CCC = 0.999), and Wtotal (CCC = 0.990) show substantial to almost perfect validity without constant or proportional bias. Data from eight further gymnasts performing a high-level PH routine and a graded exercise test (GXT), as well as four data sets from Part 1, were used to determine physiological and energetic demands using Mmod. VO2 and HR during PH routines reached 86.1% and 90.4% of the maximal values during GXT. Wpcr was 47.0%, anaerobic lactic energy contribution (Wblc) was 29.7%, and Waer was 23.3% of Wtotal required during PH routines. Summarising the energetic demands of high-level PH routines, they are mainly anaerobic, where Wpcr provides the largest energy share. Waer provides a substantial part of Wtotal and should therefore also be specifically trained.
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Calmels, Claire, and Jean F. Fournier. "Duration of Physical and Mental Execution of Gymnastic Routines." Sport Psychologist 15, no. 2 (June 2001): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.15.2.142.
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In this experiment, differences in the temporal organization of routines in artistic gymnastics executed under mental and physical conditions were examined. Twelve elite female gymnasts performed their floor routines mentally, then performed the same routines physically. On each of three days, the performance was filmed, and the durations of the mental and actual routines were timed. The results showed that mental movement times were shorter than physical routine times. It was concluded that the speed of visualization depends on the situation in which the gymnasts visualize as well as on the function that the athlete attributes to the use of imagery. We observed a trend when comparing the different stages of the relative duration of mental and actual routines. If confirmed, we hypothesized that the lengthening of the relative duration of certain stages under mental conditions could be linked to the perceived difficulty of the gymnastics elements.
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Knol, Wilfred H., Kristina Lauche, Roel L. J. Schouteten, and Jannes Slomp. "Establishing the interplay between lean operating and continuous improvement routines: a process view." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 42, no. 13 (August 9, 2022): 243–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-06-2020-0334.
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PurposeBuilding on the routine dynamics literature, this paper aims to expand our philosophical, practical and infrastructural understanding of implementing lean production. The authors provide a process view on the interplay between lean operating routines and continuous improvement (CI) routines and the roles of different actors in initiating and establishing these routines.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from interviews, observations and document analysis, retrospective comparative analyses of three embedded case studies on lean implementations provide a process understanding of enacting and patterning lean operating and CI routines in manufacturing SMEs.FindingsIncorporating the “who” and “how” next to the “what” of practices and routines helps explain that rather than being implemented in isolation or even in conjunction with each other, sustainable lean practices and routines come about through team leader and employee enactment of the CI practices and routines. Neglecting these patterns aligned with unsustainable implementations.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed process model provides a valuable way to integrate variance and process streams of literature to better understand lean production implementations.Practical implicationsThe process model helps manufacturing managers, policy makers, consultants and educators to reconsider their approach to implementing lean production or teaching how to do so.Originality/valueNuancing the existing lean implementation literature, the proposed process model shows that CI routines do not stem from implementing lean operating routines. Rather, the model highlights the importance of active engagement of actors at multiple organizational levels and strong connections between and across levels to change routines and work practices for implementing lean production.
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Yoder, Paul J., and Betty Davies. "Greater intelligibility in verbal routines with young children with developmental delays." Applied Psycholinguistics 13, no. 1 (January 1992): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400005439.
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ABSTRACTThe unintelligible speech of many developmentally delayed children poses problems for language intervention and language assessment efforts. Eighteen developmentally delayed children in Brown's (1973) stage I and their parents participated in two studies of the relationship between verbal routines and the intelligibility of developmentally delayed children's speech. The first study demonstrated that more intelligible child speech was found in routines than in nonroutines. To determine if routine utterances were articulated more accurately than nonroutine utterances, the second study extracted a representative sample of routine and nonroutine utterances from their visual and discourse contexts and asked two naive observers to transcribe them. To investigate the possible effect of contextual information, the naive observers transcribed the extracted utterances under context-information-present and context-information- absent conditions. The results indicated that extracted utterances were more intelligible under context-information-present conditions. The results were interpreted as indicating that child speech was more intelligible in routines than nonroutines because routines provide adults with more context information for interpreting ambiguous child utterances.
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Frisch, Carmit, Emanuel Tirosh, and Sara Rosenblum. "Children with ADHD Symptomatology: Does POET Improve Their Daily Routine Management?" Children 10, no. 6 (June 20, 2023): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10061083.
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Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) struggle with executive delays while managing their daily tasks. This is a secondary analysis of existing data from open-label research examining the efficacy of Parental Occupational Executive Training (POET). It further examines POET’s efficacy in increasing young children’s (3.83 to 7.08 years) executive control over daily routines, and in decreasing their ADHD symptoms. Additionally, the second analysis investigates which of the children’s increased capabilities is better associated with the change in their daily routine management following the intervention. Parents of children with ADHD symptomatology (N = 72, 55 boys) received eight POET sessions. They completed standardised ADHD symptomatology, executive management of daily routines, and executive functions (EF) questionnaires at pretest, post-test, and 3-month follow-up. Children’s ADHD symptoms and their management of daily routines significantly improved following the POET intervention. The children’s score changes in EF accounted for 37% of the variance in their improved routine management. These findings suggest that interventions aiming to increase children’s executive control over their daily routines should improve their broader array of EF besides decreasing core ADHD symptoms.
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Carvalho, Ana. "A Duality Model of Dynamic Capabilities: Combining Routines and Improvisation." Administrative Sciences 13, no. 3 (March 13, 2023): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci13030084.
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Dynamic Capabilities are predominantly conceptualised as being based on routine, stable patterns of behaviour. This is paradoxical with their intended purpose to elicit change in firms’ resource base and operational capabilities that allows them to face highly dynamic environments. I contribute to resolve this paradox by bringing the concept of duality to the Dynamic Capabilities debate. In particular, I argue that the view of Dynamic Capabilities as routines stems from the misconception that reliable outcomes can be attained only through stable mechanisms. Drawing on the literature on routine dynamics and on improvisation, as well as the empirical evidence of previous research, I propose a duality model that conceives Dynamic Capabilities as based both on routines and on improvisation. This duality perspective highlights the interdependence and complementarity between predictable stable routines and extemporaneous improvised actions that are both necessary to reliably achieve the (often radical) change needed to compete in highly dynamic environments. Rather than dealing with stable routines and improvisation as a trade-off, organisations must dynamically strive for the right balance, managing them concurrently and synergistically.
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Bratt, Sarah. "‘Routine Infrastructuring’: How Social Scientists Appropriate Resources to Deposit Qualitative Data to ICPSR and Implications for FAIR and CARE." Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology 60, no. 1 (October 2023): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pra2.769.
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ABSTRACTThis study develops a grounded theory of how social scientists facilitate qualitative data deposit and the impacts on making data FAIR and CARE. Drawing from 15 semi‐structured interviews with U.S. academic social science faculty who deposited data to ICPSR, I take a resource‐centric perspective to address the need for theorizing scientists' use of resources to bridge the gap between underspecified, heterogeneous data practices and repository requirements. The two primary contributions of the study are: First, the identification of three types of resources that social science faculty use to structure data deposit routines, namely: 1) bottom‐up, 2) top‐down, and 3) borrowed resources. Second, I import a theory from crisis informatics, ‘routine infrastructuring,’ to explain how social scientists deposit data to ICPSR. Results reveal that the resources social scientists use function as ostensive routines. I argue routine infrastructuring is not only a way to enact routines but also creates routines. Findings also show ‘in‐house’ resources have a mix of beneficial and negative impacts for data FAIR‐ and CARE‐ness. This study advances the small but growing body of literature that examines routine dynamics in research groups from a resource‐centric perspective to explain qualitative data deposit to research data repositories.
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Le Her, Michel. "Etude des routines de deux golfeurs de haut niveau." STAPS 12, no. 25 (1991): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/staps.1991.1218.
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This research is about the experts golfers’ routines. First of all, the analysis of the player’s speechs (articles, books, systematicals studies ) shows that those routines arethe obvious, organised and organising, expressions of the underlying mental operations (visualisation, kinetics imageries, internal verbalisations, comparision with actual informations and those in memory...). These operations are in concordance with the neuro-sciences hypothesis about the motor skill’s planning and the programmation . Secondly, this part relates in detail (tape recorder ) two professional player’s 60 routines (Ballesteros and Langer). These qualitative and quantitative analysis allow the distinction between the routine in a broad sens where the general structure is inalterable and the routine stricto sensu which is rigorously organised at on time. These also show that confusions in the organisation and temporal confusions are related with the difficulty of the shot.
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Jacobsson, Mattias, and Malin Näsholm. "Meaningful organizational routines in primary healthcare: influencing factors and their consequences for routine enactment." Journal of Health Organization and Management 39, no. 9 (December 19, 2024): 16–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/jhom-10-2023-0317.
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PurposeBased on the well-known risks associated with deviating from established routines in primary healthcare and the positive consequences of upholding them, the purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of the role of meaningfulness in the enactment of organizational routines.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on 24 semi-structured interviews with three different professional categories in primary healthcare in Sweden. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis on a latent level, combined with a two-factor model as sensitizing concepts.FindingsDifferences are identified between factors that reduce meaninglessness (called “sufficiency factors”) and those that enable meaningfulness (called “meaningfulness factors”). Nine sufficiency factors and six meaningfulness factors explain what makes organizational routines perceived as meaningful by the different professional groups. A two-factor matrix is developed that highlights the intricate challenges associated with routine enactment based on these factors.Originality/valueThe study is unique in that it is the first to integrate research on organizational routines and meaningfulness. However, understanding meaningful organizational routines is not only essential because it is an overlooked area in both of these two streams of research but also because of its clear, practical relevance in the primary healthcare setting.
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Maque, Isabelle, and Leire San-Jose. "Understanding and Solving Late Payment: The Role of Organizational Routines." Management international 22, no. 1 (November 7, 2018): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1053694ar.
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European legislation has so far failed to alleviate late payment. We introduce the concept of organizational routine; this contributes to understanding late payment and its persistence and focuses on more effective ways of alleviating it. The case study between a large Spanish company and its Spanish SME suppliers gives an exemplary illustration of organizational (trade credit) routines and their dynamics in a two-sided business relationship. The large company’s imbalanced routine and the SMEs’ balanced routine explain late payment. Potential for change and the alleviation of late payment is to be found in routines’ internal dynamics and in participants’ understanding.
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Cheung, Meily M. F., and Tin Chi Wong. "News Information Censorship and Changing Gatekeeping Roles." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 93, no. 4 (July 10, 2016): 1091–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699016628818.
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Journalists have faced increasing challenges as the result of police forces in different regions switching to digital radio communications. Drawing on gatekeeping theory and the journalistic practices literature, interviews with non-routine news journalists and a content analysis of news stories in newspapers were conducted to illustrate non-routine news coverage and understand how reporters’ routines have changed. The results suggest that police forces’ ability to control information technologically reduces the amount of non-routine news coverage and changes the ways in which news sources are used. Journalists have had to alter their reporting routines to retain journalistic independence.
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Myers, Christopher W. "Computing the Similarity of Sequential Behavior." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 12 (September 2005): 1140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504901209.
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Current technology provides researchers' the capability to collect high-density/high-definition data. However, the potential of such capabilities is diminished without the availability of objective analyses. For example, techniques to objectively compare two complete behavioral routines, two subsections within the same routine, or two subsections between two different routines have been elusive. The capability to objectively compare interactive routines of behavior will enable researchers to study the adoption and evolution of such routines. In this paper a technique is proposed to objectively compare behavioral routines, whether the data are obtained from a human or embodied computational model. This technique offers the promise of solving what Anderson (2002) regarded as the non-determinism problem of modeling behavior at the 100-ms level of behavior. The technique is housed within a software tool for integrating and analyzing fixed-location and movement data collected from eyes and cursors, simultaneously (Myers & Schoelles, in press).
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Gretton, Thomas, Lindsey Blom, Dorice Hankemeier, and Lawrence Judge. "The Cognitive Component of Elite High Jumpers’ Preperformance Routines." Sport Psychologist 34, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2019-0093.
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Preperformance routines are microlevel performance processes utilized by athletes to facilitate the attainment of an optimal state and enhance the chance for successful performance. Despite continued examination of these routines, only a small proportion of research has been directed toward the cognitive component of these routines. This study explored the cognitive component of elite high jumpers’ preperformance routines, and specifically the consistency of the cognitive content (i.e., psychological skills and strategies). Data were acquired over an 8-week high-jump season and subjected to inductive thematic analysis. Results revealed the consistent implementation of the cognitive content (e.g., visualization) but an inconsistent design of this content (i.e., the content of the visualization). Furthermore, results underline the critical role of high-jump coaches and an athlete’s need to be adaptable and competent in utilizing various types of preperformance routine. This study offers valuable insight into the complexities and inconsistencies of the cognitive component of high jumpers’ preperformance routines.
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Rychlik, Igor, and Georg Lindgren. "CROSSREG — A Technique for First Passage and Wave Density Analysis." Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 1993): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269964800002825.
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The density of the first passage time in a nonstationary Gaussian process with random mean function can be approximated with arbitrary accuracy from a regression-type expansion. CROSSREG is a package of FORTRAN subroutines that perform intelligent transformations and numerical integrations to produce high-accuracy approximations with a minimum of computer time. The basic routines, collected in the unit ONEREG, give the density of the crossing time of a general bound. An additional set of routines make up the unit TWOREG, which also gives the bivariate density of the crossing time and the value of an accompanying process at the time of the crossing. These routines can be used to find the wavelength and amplitude density in any stationary Gaussian process. ONEREG and TWOREG are special cases of a routine MREG, which is the main routine in CROSSREG.
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Royer, Isabelle, and Alexandre Daniel. "Organizational Routines and Institutional Maintenance: The Influence of Legal Artifacts." Journal of Management Inquiry 28, no. 2 (October 6, 2017): 204–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056492617730402.
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This article investigates how managers perform routines under artifacts in an institutionalized environment designed to exert pressure to comply. Using the framework of routines as generative systems, we studied the legally regulated disciplinary sanction routine in French public nursing homes. We found that managers tend to choose lesser penalties than those specified by law, and that legal artifacts have both coercive and symbolic dimensions that influence routines in different ways. The coercive dimension favors compliance with formal procedures but motivates departure in substance (penalty). In contrast, the symbolic dimension motivates compliance in substance and leads to complementary actions. The combination of the opposed influences tends to limit departure in substance, and helps maintain both artifacts and the institution that they carry. Our findings contribute to linking the routine and institutional literatures, and may be of interest to organizational control scholars.
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Perfeito, Florence Vidal, Samantha Luiza de Souza Broman, and Sandra Regina da Rocha-Pinto. "Variações nas rotinas de um Instituto de Tecnologia e Inovação: adaptações ao contexto e (re)alinhamento de interesses." RACE - Revista de Administração, Contabilidade e Economia 17, no. 3 (December 14, 2018): 927–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18593/race.v17i3.17514.
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Resumo: Neste trabalho pesquisaram-se as razões para variações nas rotinas organizacionais de compras de insumos químicos em um Instituto de Tecnologia e Inovação do Rio de Janeiro. Os dados coletados basearam-se em entrevistas com 18 pessoas, na análise de mais de 30 documentos, e em observações empíricas, no período entre agosto de 2015 e janeiro de 2016. Os resultados encontrados sugerem falta de integração, assim como o desalinhamento de interesses e de interpretações entre as áreas envolvidas: são mantidas formas de desempenhar rotinas organizacionais com estruturas, artefatos e fundamentos que podem estar inadequados ao contexto de compras de insumos químicos, que são utilizados em rotinas de análises e ensaios. Logo, apesar de ter havido a criação de novos padrões de ação mais adaptados ao contexto, que podem propiciar mais agilidade para as rotinas de compra, corroborando com a ideia do potencial generativo e da flexibilidade nas rotinas organizacionais preconizada pela teoria (Pentland & Feldman, 2005; Feldman, 2016), é possível observar que o andamento para a estabilização da nova rotina pode carecer de manifestações de trégua que possibilitem a revisão do uso dos artefatos nas rotinas. No presente trabalho também foram reveladas quatro categorias sobre os fatores motivadores das variações nas rotinas de compras, colaborando, assim, para o campo de estudo da Dinâmica das Rotinas (Routine Dynamics) e da ecologia das rotinas (Feldman, 2016; Howard-Grenville & Rerup, 2017), e, também, para o entendimento sobre o papel dos artefatos nas interações entre rotinas interdependentes e sobre a Trégua (Truce).Palavras-chave: Rotinas organizacionais. Padrões de ação. Processos institucionais.Changes on organizational routines on a Technology and Innovation Institute: suit to context and interests (re)alignment Abstract: This research sought to understand the motives driving the variations in organizational routines, within the context of chemical procurement for a Technology and Innovation Institute in Rio de Janeiro. This case study was based on 18 interviews and the analysis of more than 30 documents and empirical observations, in the period between August 24, 2015 and January 29, 2016. The results suggest a lack of integration and a misalignment of the interests and interpretations between the areas, thus incentivizing maintaining routines with structures, artifacts and bases inadequate for the context of chemical procurement, which are used in analysis and testing routines. Therefore, despite the creation of new standards of action that are better adapted to the context and can provide streamlining of procurement routines, consistent with the idea of flexibility of organizational routines advocated by the theory (Pentland & Feldman, 2005; Feldman, 2016), it is possible to observe that the progress towards the stabilization of the new routine may lack manifestations of truce that allow the revision of the use of the artifacts in the routines. The present work also revealed four categories on the motivating factors of the variations in the procurement routine, thus collaborating for the field of study of the Routine Dynamics and routines ecology (Feldman, 2016; Howard-Grenville & Rerup, 2017), with the understanding of the role of artifacts in the interactions between interdependent routines and about the Truce.Keywords: Organizational routines. Patterns of action. Institutional processes.
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D'Amboise, Christopher J. L., Karsten Müller, Laurent Oxarango, Samuel Morin, and Thomas V. Schuler. "Implementation of a physically based water percolation routine in the Crocus/SURFEX (V7.3) snowpack model." Geoscientific Model Development 10, no. 9 (September 26, 2017): 3547–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3547-2017.
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Abstract. We present a new water percolation routine added to the one-dimensional snowpack model Crocus as an alternative to the empirical bucket routine. This routine solves the Richards equation, which describes flow of water through unsaturated porous snow governed by capillary suction, gravity and hydraulic conductivity of the snow layers. We tested the Richards routine on two data sets, one recorded from an automatic weather station over the winter of 2013–2014 at Filefjell, Norway, and the other an idealized synthetic data set. Model results using the Richards routine generally lead to higher water contents in the snow layers. Snow layers often reached a point at which the ice crystals' surface area is completely covered by a thin film of water (the transition between pendular and funicular regimes), at which feedback from the snow metamorphism and compaction routines are expected to be nonlinear. With the synthetic simulation 18 % of snow layers obtained a saturation of > 10 % and 0.57 % of layers reached saturation of > 15 %. The Richards routine had a maximum liquid water content of 173.6 kg m−3 whereas the bucket routine had a maximum of 42.1 kg m−3. We found that wet-snow processes, such as wet-snow metamorphism and wet-snow compaction rates, are not accurately represented at higher water contents. These routines feed back on the Richards routines, which rely heavily on grain size and snow density. The parameter sets for the water retention curve and hydraulic conductivity of snow layers, which are used in the Richards routine, do not represent all the snow types that can be found in a natural snowpack. We show that the new routine has been implemented in the Crocus model, but due to feedback amplification and parameter uncertainties, meaningful applicability is limited. Updating or adapting other routines in Crocus, specifically the snow compaction routine and the grain metamorphism routine, is needed before Crocus can accurately simulate the snowpack using the Richards routine.
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Guo, Tian, Margaret Gitau, Venkatesh Merwade, Jeffrey Arnold, Raghavan Srinivasan, Michael Hirschi, and Bernard Engel. "Comparison of performance of tile drainage routines in SWAT 2009 and 2012 in an extensively tile-drained watershed in the Midwest." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-89-2018.
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Abstract. Subsurface tile drainage systems are widely used in agricultural watersheds in the Midwestern US and enable the Midwest area to become highly productive agricultural lands, but can also create environmental problems, for example nitrate-N contamination associated with drainage waters. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been used to model watersheds with tile drainage. SWAT2012 revisions 615 and 645 provide new tile drainage routines. However, few studies have used these revisions to study tile drainage impacts at both field and watershed scales. Moreover, SWAT2012 revision 645 improved the soil moisture based curve number calculation method, which has not been fully tested. This study used long-term (1991–2003) field site and river station data from the Little Vermilion River (LVR) watershed to evaluate performance of tile drainage routines in SWAT2009 revision 528 (the old routine) and SWAT2012 revisions 615 and 645 (the new routine). Both the old and new routines provided reasonable but unsatisfactory (NSE < 0.5) uncalibrated flow and nitrate loss results for a mildly sloped watershed with low runoff. The calibrated monthly tile flow, surface flow, nitrate-N in tile and surface flow, sediment and annual corn and soybean yield results from SWAT with the old and new tile drainage routines were compared with observed values. Generally, the new routine provided acceptable simulated tile flow (NSE = 0.48–0.65) and nitrate in tile flow (NSE = 0.48–0.68) for field sites with random pattern tile and constant tile spacing, while the old routine simulated tile flow and nitrate in tile flow results for the field site with constant tile spacing were unacceptable (NSE = 0.00–0.32 and −0.29–0.06, respectively). The new modified curve number calculation method in revision 645 (NSE = 0.50–0.81) better simulated surface runoff than revision 615 (NSE = −0.11–0.49). The calibration provided reasonable parameter sets for the old and new routines in the LVR watershed, and the validation results showed that the new routine has the potential to accurately simulate hydrologic processes in mildly sloped watersheds.