Artículos de revistas: "Scanner mobile"

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Anshari, Muhammad, Mitra istiar Wardhana, and Dhara Alim Cendekia. "Visual Login Fingerprints Scanner Aplikasi Mobile Banking (BRImo, Jenius, BNI Mobile Banking) berdasarkan Model Kait Nir Eyal." JoLLA: Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts 3, no. 8 (2023): 1198–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um064v3i82023p1198-1216.

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Fitur fingerprint scanner cenderung lebih sering digunaakan secara repetitif untuk login pada aplikasi perbankan karena dianggap lebih cepat dan mudah. Anggapan ini juga terlihat dari sedikitnya usaha kognitif pada proses pencarian tombol fingerprint scanner. Tombol fingerprint scanner aplikasi BRImo, BNI Mobile Banking dan Jenius cenderung menjadi kontras serta halaman login didesain untuk mengarahkan pengguna pada fitur tersebut. Berdasarkan kebiasaan repetitif penggunaan fingerprint scanner dan aspek visual yang mengarahkan pengguna ke fingerprint scanner penelitaia ini menggunakan model kait untuk menguraikan cara visual fitur tersebut berefek pada penggunaan yang repetitif ketika. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyebutkan bahawa aplikasi BRImo yang menggunakan kontras visual pada tombol fingerprint scanner yang juga secara implisit memberikan kontras secara fungsi pada tombol disekitarya bila ditinjau berdasarkan model kait bisa memicu pengguna untuk menekan tombol tersebut secara repetitif. Kata kunci: model Kait; aplikasi perbankan; fingerprint scanner Visual Login Fingerprints Scanner for Mobile Banking Applications (BRImo, Jenius, BNI Mobile Banking) based on the Kait Nir Eyal Model The fingerprint scanner feature tends to be used repeatedly to log in to banking applications because it is considered faster and easier. This assumption is also seen from the lack of cognitive effort in the process of searching for the fingerprint scanner button. The fingerprint scanner buttons for the BRImo, BNI Mobile Banking and Jenius applications tend to be in contrast and the login page is designed to direct users to these features. Based on the repetitive habit of using fingerprint scanners and the visual aspects that direct users to the fingerprint scanner, this study uses a hook model to describe how visually these features have an effect on repetitive use. The results of this study indicate that the BRImo application that uses visual contrast on the fingerprint scanner button which also implicitly provides functional contrast to the surrounding buttons when viewed based on the latch model can trigger the user to press the button repeatedly. Keywords: Kait model; internet banking; fingerprint scanner

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Mezian, c., Bruno Vallet, Bahman Soheilian, and Nicolas Paparoditis. "UNCERTAINTY PROPAGATION FOR TERRESTRIAL MOBILE LASER SCANNER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 9, 2016): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b3-331-2016.

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Laser scanners are used more and more in mobile mapping systems. They provide 3D point clouds that are used for object reconstruction and registration of the system. For both of those applications, uncertainty analysis of 3D points is of great interest but rarely investigated in the literature. In this paper we present a complete pipeline that takes into account all the sources of uncertainties and allows to compute a covariance matrix per 3D point. The sources of uncertainties are laser scanner, calibration of the scanner in relation to the vehicle and direct georeferencing system. We suppose that all the uncertainties follow the Gaussian law. The variances of the laser scanner measurements (two angles and one distance) are usually evaluated by the constructors. This is also the case for integrated direct georeferencing devices. Residuals of the calibration process were used to estimate the covariance matrix of the 6D transformation between scanner laser and the vehicle system. Knowing the variances of all sources of uncertainties, we applied uncertainty propagation technique to compute the variance-covariance matrix of every obtained 3D point. Such an uncertainty analysis enables to estimate the impact of different laser scanners and georeferencing devices on the quality of obtained 3D points. The obtained uncertainty values were illustrated using error ellipsoids on different datasets.

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Mezian, c., Bruno Vallet, Bahman Soheilian, and Nicolas Paparoditis. "UNCERTAINTY PROPAGATION FOR TERRESTRIAL MOBILE LASER SCANNER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 9, 2016): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b3-331-2016.

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Laser scanners are used more and more in mobile mapping systems. They provide 3D point clouds that are used for object reconstruction and registration of the system. For both of those applications, uncertainty analysis of 3D points is of great interest but rarely investigated in the literature. In this paper we present a complete pipeline that takes into account all the sources of uncertainties and allows to compute a covariance matrix per 3D point. The sources of uncertainties are laser scanner, calibration of the scanner in relation to the vehicle and direct georeferencing system. We suppose that all the uncertainties follow the Gaussian law. The variances of the laser scanner measurements (two angles and one distance) are usually evaluated by the constructors. This is also the case for integrated direct georeferencing devices. Residuals of the calibration process were used to estimate the covariance matrix of the 6D transformation between scanner laser and the vehicle system. Knowing the variances of all sources of uncertainties, we applied uncertainty propagation technique to compute the variance-covariance matrix of every obtained 3D point. Such an uncertainty analysis enables to estimate the impact of different laser scanners and georeferencing devices on the quality of obtained 3D points. The obtained uncertainty values were illustrated using error ellipsoids on different datasets.

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4

Jing, H., N. Slatcher, X. Meng, and G. Hunter. "MONITORING CAPABILITIES OF A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM BASED ON NAVIGATION QUALITIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-625-2016.

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Mobile mapping systems are becoming increasingly popular as they can build 3D models of the environment rapidly by using a laser scanner that is integrated with a navigation system. 3D mobile mapping has been widely used for applications such as 3D city modelling and mapping of the scanned environments. However, accurate mapping relies on not only the scanner’s performance but also on the quality of the navigation results (accuracy and robustness) . This paper discusses the potentials of using 3D mobile mapping systems for landscape change detection, that is traditionally carried out by terrestrial laser scanners that can be accurately geo-referenced at a static location to produce highly accurate dense point clouds. Yet compared to conventional surveying using terrestrial laser scanners, several advantages of mobile mapping systems can be identified. A large area can be monitored in a relatively short period, which enables high repeat frequency monitoring without having to set-up dedicated stations. However, current mobile mapping applications are limited by the quality of navigation results, especially in different environments. The change detection ability of mobile mapping systems is therefore significantly affected by the quality of the navigation results. This paper presents some data collected for the purpose of monitoring from a mobile platform. The datasets are analysed to address current potentials and difficulties. The change detection results are also presented based on the collected dataset. Results indicate the potentials of change detection using a mobile mapping system and suggestions to enhance quality and robustness.

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Jing, H., N. Slatcher, X. Meng, and G. Hunter. "MONITORING CAPABILITIES OF A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM BASED ON NAVIGATION QUALITIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-625-2016.

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Mobile mapping systems are becoming increasingly popular as they can build 3D models of the environment rapidly by using a laser scanner that is integrated with a navigation system. 3D mobile mapping has been widely used for applications such as 3D city modelling and mapping of the scanned environments. However, accurate mapping relies on not only the scanner’s performance but also on the quality of the navigation results (accuracy and robustness) . This paper discusses the potentials of using 3D mobile mapping systems for landscape change detection, that is traditionally carried out by terrestrial laser scanners that can be accurately geo-referenced at a static location to produce highly accurate dense point clouds. Yet compared to conventional surveying using terrestrial laser scanners, several advantages of mobile mapping systems can be identified. A large area can be monitored in a relatively short period, which enables high repeat frequency monitoring without having to set-up dedicated stations. However, current mobile mapping applications are limited by the quality of navigation results, especially in different environments. The change detection ability of mobile mapping systems is therefore significantly affected by the quality of the navigation results. This paper presents some data collected for the purpose of monitoring from a mobile platform. The datasets are analysed to address current potentials and difficulties. The change detection results are also presented based on the collected dataset. Results indicate the potentials of change detection using a mobile mapping system and suggestions to enhance quality and robustness.

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Rahok, Sam Ann, Hirohisa Oneda, Akio Tanaka, and Koichi Ozaki. "A Robust NavigationMethod for Mobile Robots in Real-World Environments." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 26, no. 2 (2014): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2014.p0177.

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This paper describes a robust navigation method for real-world environments. The method uses a 3-axis magnetic sensor and a laser range scanner. The magnetic field that occurs in the environment is used as key landmarks in the proposed navigation method, and physical landmarks scanned by the laser range scanner are taken into account in compensating for the mobile robot’s lateral error. An evaluation experiment was conducted during the final run of the Real World Robot Challenge (RWRC) 2013, and the result showed that the mobile robot equipped with the proposed method robustly navigated a 1.6 km course.

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Lu, Yaoqing, Kangfu Liu, and Tao Wu. "Dual-Axis MEMS Resonant Scanner Using 128∘Y Lithium Niobate Thin-Film." Acoustics 4, no. 2 (2022): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics4020019.

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The micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) resonant scanners are in great demand for numerous light scanning applications. Recently, the development of LiDAR in micro-robotics and mobile devices has led to the requirement of ultra-small systems with low driving voltage, low power, compact size and high performance. We have first proposed the dual-axis MEMS scanner using the lithium niobate (LN) thin-film platform, which is expected to fulfill the requirement. This paper describes the actuation principle and scanner structure, meanwhile develops the analytical model for the scanner. The analytical model is later validated by the finite element analysis. The performance of the proposed scanner is improved with the optimization of the orientation of LN and layer thickness. The proposed scanner achieves the θopt·D·f up to 937.8∘·mm·kHz in simulation. The simulated optical angle in the x-axis and y-axis are 50∘ and 42∘ at 1 V, corresponding to resonant frequencies of 79.9 kHz and 558.2 kHz, respectively. With the superior performance of large deflection, high scanning frequency, high figure of merit and low voltage, the proposed MEMS scanner is a promising candidate for fast scanner applications (e.g., wavelength-selective switches and submicron biomedical system), especially the application of LiDAR in mobile devices or micro-robotics.

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Permana, Indra Surya, Taufik Hidayat, and Rahutomo Mahardiko. "MOBILE SCANNER ADOPTION ANALYSIS BETWEEN EMPLOYMENT AND EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND – AN ANALYSIS OF LOGISTIC REGRESSION." TEKNOKOM 4, no. 2 (2021): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31943/teknokom.v4i2.56.

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As of today, the mobile apps may be downloaded everywhere. The development of mobile apps depends on the type of the work. An increasing use of mobile app is scanner apps due to an easy use. This paper presents the regression analysis on employment and educational background of the mobile scanner app because this research used category in the questionnaire. The use of logistic regression is to prove that any different comparisons are detected between employment and educational background so that the use of mobile scanner can be optimally used. The results show that educational background and employment have vital roles for mobile scanner adoption. This study also proves that previous researches on mobile scanner adoption were true for UTAUT model and comparison analysis.

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Kaijaluoto, R., and A. Hyyppä. "PRECISE INDOOR LOCALIZATION FOR MOBILE LASER SCANNER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-4/W5 (May 11, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-4-w5-1-2015.

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Accurate 3D data is of high importance for indoor modeling for various applications in construction, engineering and cultural heritage documentation. For the lack of GNSS signals hampers use of kinematic platforms indoors, TLS is currently the most accurate and precise method for collecting such a data. Due to its static single view point data collection, excessive time and data redundancy are needed for integrity and coverage of data. However, localization methods with affordable scanners are used for solving mobile platform pose problem. The aim of this study was to investigate what level of trajectory accuracies can be achieved with high quality sensors and freely available state of the art planar SLAM algorithms, and how well this trajectory translates to a point cloud collected with a secondary scanner. In this study high precision laser scanners were used with a novel way to combine the strengths of two SLAM algorithms into functional method for precise localization. We collected five datasets using Slammer platform with two laser scanners, and processed them with altogether 20 different parameter sets. The results were validated against TLS reference. The results show increasing scan frequency improves the trajectory, reaching 20 mm RMSE levels for the best performing parameter sets. Further analysis of the 3D point cloud showed good agreement with TLS reference with 17 mm positional RMSE. With precision scanners the obtained point cloud allows for high level of detail data for indoor modeling with accuracies close to TLS at best with vastly improved data collection efficiency.

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سامي حلواني، وسارودين كاري, سامي حلواني، وسارودين كاري. "Mobile ECG Scanner Using Smartphone." journal of king abdulaziz university computing and information technology sciences 1, no. 1 (2012): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/comp.1-1.4.

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ECG (electrocardiogram) is a test to measure the electrical activity of the heart by applying electrical impulses. The information obtained from an ECG can be analyzed to discover different types of heart diseases. It is useful to monitor a patient’s respond to a specific treatment. Some patients may need to move around while still being monitored by an ECG. Hence, it is important to have a mobile ECG solution. Building a stable and reliable mobile ECG solution needs huge investment especially if all main components are built from scratch. This research proposes to build the mobile ECG solution using available main components from the shelf. Bluetooth is used instead of USB in order to provide future flexibility to add more electrodes. In order to reduce the size, development cost, and time, Smartphone is used as the host PC. Present Smartphone have sufficient resources to provide the necessary data logging, HMI and remote monitoring. Keywords: ECG, Smartphone, Bluetooth, HMI

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Abdulhamid, Mohanad, and Achiki Matongo. "Mobile Phone and Barcode Scanner." Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty 20, no. 1 (2020): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbeef-2020-0105.

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AbstractWith the advancement in microprocessor technology, mobile phones are becoming more preferable in our day to day lives as compared to personal computers since most phones are capable of functionalities as sophisticated as our PC’s or laptops. Mobile phones nowadays have processor speeds as high as 1GHz and can have a storage capacity of about 32Gb and they also have long hours of battery life. In addition to these feature, there is the aspect of great portability. When all these are combined into one, the mobile phones can be viewed as a very powerful device that rivals PC’s. Advancements of hardware also had made mobile phones much smaller and more efficient whereas including an increasing of peripherals number. The scope of this paper is basically to make a mobile phone application and how to interface the mobile phone to the scanner. The mobile application is to be developed in the Linux-based Android platform. An algorithm based on the operation principles is also to be developed during the work.

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Bouziani, M., F. Boucht, and F. Nouri. "CONTRIBUTION OF BATHYMETRIC MULTI-BEAM SONAR AND LASER SCANNERS IN 3D MODELING AND ESTIMATION OF SILTATION OF DAM BASIN IN MOROCCO." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W4-2021 (October 7, 2021): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w4-2021-5-2021.

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Abstract. In Morocco, the phenomenon of silting affects all the dams, where more than 75 Mm3 of sediments are deposited every year at the bottom of the reservoirs. The aim of our study is to assess the contribution of the bathymetric multi-beam sonar as well as static and mobile laser scanners in the estimation of siltation of the basin of the Tanger-Med dam in the north of Morocco. The proposed methodology consists of performing and fusion of a bathymetric survey by multi-beam echo-sounder with terrestrial laser scanner surveys in static mode and mobile mode. The result of these surveys is used, for the calculation of the siltation volume and the inspection of the upstream facing of the main structure. Siltation calculation was carried out with comparison to a reference survey obtained by single beam sonar. The comparison between these two instruments showed that the multi-beam presents many advantages: high density of the cloud of points acquired and precision. The density allows providing a better description of the dam's bottom. The comparative study between the two types of scanners showed that static scanner offers a better accuracy. However, mobile scanner gives more accessibility of all parts of the dam. As a conclusion, the multi-beam echo-sounder with additional laser scanner data have many advantages in this study: volume calculation precision, reduction of the acquisition time and the enhancement of the acquired point cloud density. We also obtained a global 3d modelling useful for the monitoring of the infrastructure.

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Nikoohemat, S., M. Peter, S. Oude Elberink, and G. Vosselman. "EXPLOITING INDOOR MOBILE LASER SCANNER TRAJECTORIES FOR SEMANTIC INTERPRETATION OF POINT CLOUDS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W4 (September 14, 2017): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w4-355-2017.

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The use of Indoor Mobile Laser Scanners (IMLS) for data collection in indoor environments has been increasing in the recent years. These systems, unlike Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS), collect data along a trajectory instead of at discrete scanner positions. In this research, we propose several methods to exploit the trajectories of IMLS systems for the interpretation of point clouds. By means of occlusion reasoning and use of trajectory as a set of scanner positions, we are capable of detecting openings in cluttered indoor environments. In order to provide information about both the partitioning of the space and the navigable space, we use the voxel concept for point clouds. Furthermore, to reconstruct walls, floor and ceiling we exploit the indoor topology and plane primitives. The results show that the trajectory is a valuable source of data for feature detection and understanding of indoor MLS point clouds.

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Sekine, Rikuto, Tetsuo Tomizawa, and Susumu Tarao. "Trial of Utilization of an Environmental Map Generated by a High-Precision 3D Scanner for a Mobile Robot." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 35, no. 6 (2023): 1469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2023.p1469.

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In recent years, high-precision 3D environmental maps have attracted the attention of researchers in various fields and have been put to practical use. For the autonomous movement of mobile robots, it is common to create an environmental map in advance and use it for localization. In this study, to investigate the usefulness of 3D environmental maps, we scanned physical environments using two different simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) approaches, specifically a wearable 3D scanner and a 3D LiDAR mounted on a robot. We used the scan data to create 3D environmental maps consisting of 3D point clouds. Wearable 3D scanners can be used to generate high-density and high-precision 3D point-cloud maps. The application of high-precision maps to the field of autonomous navigation is expected to improve the accuracy of self-localization. Navigation experiments were conducted using a robot, which was equipped with the maps obtained from the two approaches described. Autonomous navigation was achieved in this manner, and the performance of the robot using each type of map was assessed by requiring it to halt at specific landmarks set along the route. The high-density colored environmental map generated from the wearable 3D scanner’s data enabled the robot to perform autonomous navigation easily with a high degree of accuracy, showing potential for usage in digital twin applications.

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Nair, Chandra, Konstantinos Tsiopanos, Richard Martin, and Graham Marshall. "Increasing Warehouse Productivity With an Ergonomic Handheld Scanner." Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 26, no. 3 (2018): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1064804618757281.

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Rugged handheld scanners, known in the industry as rugged mobile computers, are used for critical warehouse operations, such as receiving, order picking, and put-away. The form of rugged scanners has not fundamentally changed since it was introduced to replace pen and clipboard. Warehouses have extracted the maximum available efficiency increases available through today’s handheld rugged scanners, but new operational challenges require new ways to further increase productivity and accuracy. The “line of sight” rugged handheld scanner concept described in this article is designed to enhance the user’s efficiency by eliminating non-value-added wrist motions.

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Batog, Piotr, and Andrzej Wolczowski. "Chemical Scanner for Mobile Robot Navigation." Journal of Automation, Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems 9, no. 1 (2015): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14313/jamris_1-2015/1.

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17

Ishikawa, Kiichiro, Jun-ichi Takiguchi, Yoshiharu Amano, Takumi Hashizume, and Takashi Fujishima. "Tunnel Cross-Section Measurement System Using a Mobile Mapping System." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 2 (2009): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0193.

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This paper describes a tunnel cross-section measurement system using a mobile mapping system (MMS). The MMS features a GPS/ Dead Reckoning (DR) combined navigation system, a three-axis GPS-Gyro/ Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), laser scanners, cameras, and the Network-based Positioning Augmentation Services (PAS). As GPS cannot be used in the tunnel, so the position estimation is done using IMU and Odometer. In this paper the result of comparison between the conventional tunnel cross-section measurement methods using 3D laser scanner and total station, and the proposed method using the MMS is described. And the examination result of the MMS's positioning accuracy that doesn't use GPS is described. The evaluation result proves that the tunnel cross-section measurement accuracy using the MMS is 7.0 mm, the MMS's measurement accuracy is not different from conventional method using a 3D laser scanner and a total station. The MMS tunnel measurement efficiency is also confirmed in this paper.

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Fritsche, Paul, and Bernardo Wagner. "Evaluation of a Novel Radar Based Scanning Method." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6952075.

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The following paper introduces a novel scanning method for mapping and localization purposes in mobile robotics. Our method is based on a rotating monostatic radar network, which determines the positions of objects around the scanner via a continuously running lateration algorithm. The estimation of surfaces with ultrawideband radar networks has been studied experimentally in lab environments, especially with lateration, envelopes of spheres, and SEABED algorithms. But we do not see a link to the field of mapping and localization of mobile robots, where laser scanners are dominating. Indeed, only few research groups use radars for mapping and localization, but their applied sensor principle is based on a rotating focused radar beam. Consequently, only 2D radar scanners are known inside the robotic world and methods for 3D scanning with radars need to be investigated. This paper will derive the theoretical background of the sensor principle, which is based on a radar network on a rotating joint, and discuss its erroneous influences. We were performing first scans of standard geometries and deriving a model in order to compare theoretical and experimental measurement results. Furthermore, we present first mapping approaches and a simulation of a scanner with multiple sensors.

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Nikoohemat, Shayan, Michael Peter, Sander Oude Elberink, and George Vosselman. "Semantic Interpretation of Mobile Laser Scanner Point Clouds in Indoor Scenes Using Trajectories." Remote Sensing 10, no. 11 (2018): 1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10111754.

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The data acquisition with Indoor Mobile Laser Scanners (IMLS) is quick, low-cost and accurate for indoor 3D modeling. Besides a point cloud, an IMLS also provides the trajectory of the mobile scanner. We analyze this trajectory jointly with the point cloud to support the labeling of noisy, highly reflected and cluttered points in indoor scenes. An adjacency-graph-based method is presented for detecting and labeling of permanent structures, such as walls, floors, ceilings, and stairs. Through occlusion reasoning and the use of the trajectory as a set of scanner positions, gaps are discriminated from real openings in the data. Furthermore, a voxel-based method is applied for labeling of navigable space and separating them from obstacles. The results show that 80% of the doors and 85% of the rooms are correctly detected, and most of the walls and openings are reconstructed. The experimental outcomes indicate that the trajectory of MLS systems plays an essential role in the understanding of indoor scenes.

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Heinz, Erik, Markus Mettenleiter, Heiner Kuhlmann, and Christoph Holst. "Strategy for Determining the Stochastic Distance Characteristics of the 2D Laser Scanner Z + F Profiler 9012A with Special Focus on the Close Range." Sensors 18, no. 7 (2018): 2253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18072253.

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Kinematic laser scanning with moving platforms has been used for the acquisition of 3D point clouds of our environment for many years. A main application of these mobile systems is the acquisition of the infrastructure, e.g., the road surface and buildings. Regarding this, the distance between laser scanner and object is often notably shorter than 20 m. In the close range, however, divergent incident laser light can lead to a deterioration of the precision of laser scanner distance measurements. In the light of this, we analyze the distance precision of the 2D laser scanner Z + F Profiler 9012A, purpose-built for kinematic applications, in the range of up to 20 m. In accordance with previous studies, a clear dependency between scan rate, intensity of the backscattered laser light and distance precision is evident, which is used to derive intensity-based stochastic models for the sensor. For this purpose, a new approach for 2D laser scanners is proposed that is based on the static scanning of surfaces with different backscatter. The approach is beneficial because the 2D laser scanner is operated in its normal measurement mode, no sophisticated equipment is required and no model assumptions for the scanned surface are made. The analysis reveals a lower precision in the range below 5 m caused by a decreased intensity. However, the Z + F Profiler 9012A is equipped with a special hardware-based close range optimization partially compensating for this. Our investigations show that this optimization works best at a distance of about 2 m. Although increased noise remains a critical factor in the close range, the derived stochastic models are also valid below 5 m.

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Singh, Ravinder, and Kuldeep Singh Nagla. "Error analysis of laser scanner for robust autonomous navigation of mobile robot in diverse illumination environment." World Journal of Engineering 15, no. 5 (2018): 626–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-08-2017-0228.

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Purpose Modern service robots are designed to work in a complex indoor environment, in which the robot has to interact with the objects in different ambient light intensities (day light, tube light, halogen light and dark ambiance). The variations in sudden ambient light intensities often cause an error in the sensory information of optical sensors like laser scanner, which reduce the reliability of the sensor in applications such as mapping, path planning and object detection of a mobile robot. Laser scanner is an optical sensor, so sensory information depends upon parameters like surface reflectivity, ambient light condition, texture of the targets, etc. The purposes of this research are to investigate and remove the effect of variation in ambient light conditions on the laser scanner to achieve robust autonomous mobile robot navigation. Design/methodology/approach The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of ambient light condition (dark ambiance, tube light and halogen bulb) on the accuracy of the laser scanner for the robust autonomous navigation of mobile robot in diverse illumination environments. A proposed AIFA (Adaptive Intensity Filter Algorithm) approach is designed in robot operating system (ROS) and implemented on a mobile robot fitted with laser scanner to reduce the effect of high-intensity ambiance illumination of the environment. Findings It has been experimentally found that the variation in the measured distance in dark is more consistent and accurate as compared to the sensory information taken in high-intensity tube light/halogen bulbs and in sunlight. The proposed AIFA approach is implement on a laser scanner fitted on a mobile robot which navigates in the high-intensity ambiance-illuminating complex environment. During autonomous navigation of mobile robot, while implementing the AIFA filter, the proportion of cession with the obstacles is reduce to 23 per cent lesser as compared to conventional approaches. Originality/value The proposed AIFA approach reduced the effect of the varying ambient light conditions in the sensory information of laser scanner for the applications such as autonomous navigation, path planning, mapping, etc. in diverse ambiance environment.

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Masiero, A., G. Tucci, and A. Vettore. "Tree Detection with a Mobile Laser Scanner." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 767, no. 1 (2021): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/767/1/012034.

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Cahalane, Conor, Paul Lewis, Conor McElhinney, and Timothy McCarthy. "Optimising Mobile Mapping System Laser Scanner Orientation." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 4, no. 1 (2015): 302–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010302.

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Xiao, Xiangrong, Dewen Hu, Deke Guo, and Kebin Liu. "IF: isolating fault nodes with mobile scanner." International Journal of Communication Systems 27, no. 4 (2013): 592–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dac.2703.

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Lauterbach, H. A., D. Borrmann, A. Nüchter, et al. "MOBILE MAPPING OF THE LA CORONA LAVATUBE ON LANZAROTE." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W5 (May 29, 2019): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w5-381-2019.

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Abstract. Planetary surfaces consist of rough terrain and cave-like environments. Future planetary exploration demands for accurate mapping. However, recent backpack mobile mapping systems are mostly tested in structured, indoor environments. This paper evaluates the use of a backpack mobile mapping system in a cave-like environment. The experiments demonstrate the abilities of an continuous-time optimization approach by mapping part of a lavatube of the La Corona volcano system on Lanzarote. We compare two strategies for trajectory estimation relying either on 2D or 3D laser scanners and show that a 3D laser scanner substantially improved the final results.

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26

Zhong, Mianqing, Lichun Sui, Zhihua Wang, Xiaomei Yang, Chuanshuai Zhang, and Nan Chen. "Recovering Missing Trajectory Data for Mobile Laser Scanning Systems." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6 (2020): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12060899.

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Trajectory data are often used as important auxiliary information in preprocessing and extracting the target from mobile laser scanning data. However, the trajectory data stored independently may be lost and destroyed for various reasons, making the data unavailable for the relevant models. This study proposes recovering the trajectory of the scanner from point cloud data following the scanning principles of a rotating mirror. Two approaches are proposed from different input conditions: Ordered three-dimensional coordinates of point cloud data, with and without acquisition time. We recovered the scanner’s ground track through road point density analysis and restored the position of the center of emission of the laser based on plane reconstruction on a single scanning line. The validity and reliability of the proposed approaches were verified in the four typical urban, rural, winding, and viaduct road environments using two systems from different manufacturers. The result deviations of the ground track and scanner trajectory from their actual position were a few centimeters and less than 1 decimeter, respectively. Such an error is sufficiently small for the trajectory data to be used in the relevant algorithms.

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27

Karp, F. H. S., A. F. Colaço, R. G. Trevisan, and J. P. Molin. "Accuracy assessment of a mobile terrestrial laser scanner for tree crops." Advances in Animal Biosciences 8, no. 2 (2017): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040470017000073.

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LiDAR technology is one option to collect spatial data about canopy geometry in many crops. However, the method of data acquisition includes many errors related to the LiDAR sensor, the GNSS receiver and the data acquisition set up. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the errors involved in the data acquisition from a mobile terrestrial laser scanner (MTLS). Regular shaped objects were scanned with a developed MTLS in two different tests: i) with the system mounted on a vehicle and ii) with the system mounted on a platform running over a rail. The errors of area estimation varied between 0.001 and 0.071 m2 for the circle, square and triangle objects. The errors on volume estimations were between 0.0003 and 0.0017 m3, for cylinders and truncated cone.

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28

Zeraatkar, Mojtaba, and Khalil Khalili. "A Fast and Low-Cost Human Body 3D Scanner Using 100 Cameras." Journal of Imaging 6, no. 4 (2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6040021.

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The human body is one of the most complicated objects to model because of its complex features, non-rigidity, and the time required to take body measurements. Basic technologies available in this field range from small and low-cost scanners that must be moved around the body to large and high-cost scanners that can capture all sides of the body simultaneously. This paper presents an image-based scanning system which employs the structure-from-motion method. The design and development process of the scanner includes its physical structure, electronic components, and the algorithms used for extracting 3D data. In addition to the accuracy, which is one of the main parameters to consider when choosing a 3D scanner, the time and cost of the system are among the most important parameters for evaluating a scanner system in the field of human scanning. Because of the non-static nature of the human body, the scanning time is particularly important. On the other hand, a high-cost system may lead to limited use of such systems. The design developed in this paper, which utilizes 100 cameras, facilitates the acquisition of geometric data in a fraction of a second (0.001 s) and provides the capabilities of large, freestanding scanners at a price akin to that of smaller, mobile ones.

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29

Gollob, Christoph, Tim Ritter, and Arne Nothdurft. "Comparison of 3D Point Clouds Obtained by Terrestrial Laser Scanning and Personal Laser Scanning on Forest Inventory Sample Plots." Data 5, no. 4 (2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data5040103.

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In forest inventory, trees are usually measured using handheld instruments; among the most relevant are calipers, inclinometers, ultrasonic devices, and laser range finders. Traditional forest inventory has been redesigned since modern laser scanner technology became available. Laser scanners generate massive data in the form of 3D point clouds. We have developed a novel methodology to provide estimates of the tree positions, stem diameters, and tree heights from these 3D point clouds. This dataset was made publicly accessible to test new software routines for the automatic measurement of forest trees using laser scanner data. Benchmark studies with performance tests of different algorithms are welcome. The dataset contains co-registered raw 3D point-cloud data collected on 20 forest inventory sample plots in Austria. The data were collected by two different laser scanning systems: (1) A mobile personal laser scanner (PLS) (ZEB Horizon, GeoSLAM Ltd., Nottingham, UK) and (2) a static terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) (Focus3D X330, Faro Technologies Inc., Lake Mary, FL, USA). The data also contain digital terrain models (DTMs), field measurements as reference data (ground-truth), and the output of recent software routines for the automatic tree detection and the automatic stem diameter measurement.

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30

Hruboš, Marián, Dušan Nemec, Aleš Janota, et al. "Sensor fusion for creating a three-dimensional model for mobile robot navigation." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 16, no. 4 (2019): 172988141986507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881419865072.

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This article deals with the design of an automated system for creating a three-dimensional model of the environment with its texture. The method for creating a three-dimensional model of the environment is based on the use of a two-dimensional scanner for which the supporting hardware has been designed and constructed. The whole system extends the use of a two-dimensional scanner that is embedded in a robotic system. Supporting hardware rotates the scanner around the scan axis. This will create a three-dimensional model of the environment using a two-dimensional scanner. Thus, the resulting three-dimensional scan is formed by subsequent two-dimensional scans, each shifted with respect to the previous one. It was necessary to design the appropriate software for hardware management to control the movement of the engine, the scanner, and to process the measured data. The proposed system can be placed on various exploration robotic systems that map the space using the proposed method. Wheeled, band robotic systems or drones can be used to explore hard-to-reach environment.

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Hara, Shunya, Toshihiko Shimizu, Masanori Konishi, Ryotaro Yamamura, and Shuhei Ikemoto. "Autonomous Mobile Robot for Outdoor Slope Using 2D LiDAR with Uniaxial Gimbal Mechanism." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 32, no. 6 (2020): 1173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2020.p1173.

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The Nakanoshima Challenge is a contest for developing sophisticated navigation systems of robots for collecting garbage in outdoor public spaces. In this study, a robot named Navit(oo)n is designed, and its performance in public spaces such as city parks is evaluated. Navit(oo)n contains two 2D LiDAR scanners with uniaxial gimbal mechanism, improving self-localization robustness on a slope. The gimbal mechanism adjusts the angle of the LiDAR scanner, preventing erroneous ground detection. We evaluate the navigation performance of Navit(oo)n in the Nakanoshima and its Extra Challenges.

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32

Kucsera, Peter. "Indoor Mobile Robot Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance Using a 3D Camera and Laser Scanner." Academic and Applied Research in Military and Public Management Science 15, no. 1 (2016): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32565/aarms.2016.1.5.

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Thanks to the developing sensor technology in mobile robot navigation and obstacle avoidance there are new and affordable solutions which can be used to accomplish smooth, safe and reliable robot movement in an indoor environment. A laser scanner is a commonly used sensor for detecting obstacles as well as for navigation, but a laser scanner is unable to detect all the different obstacles and terrain features by itself. In this article complementary sensors are examined, on a real mobile robot platform. Communication between the sensors and the controller and the basic control possibilities are also discussed. Finally, an advertising mobile robot is described.

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MATSUSHIMA, Syushi, Michiya IRASAWA, Ching-Ying TSOU, Kazunori HAYASHI, Tatsuya OCHIAI, and Taro SUZUKI. "Utilization of mobile laser scanner in surveying rockfalls." Journal of the Japan Landslide Society 59, no. 3 (2022): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3313/jls.59.92.

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34

KIM, SooHyung, Daeseon CHOI, Seung-Hun JIN, Hyunsoo YOON, JinWoo SON, and MyungKeun YOON. "Customer Data Scanner for Hands-Free Mobile Payment." IEICE Transactions on Communications E98.B, no. 11 (2015): 2291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e98.b.2291.

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35

Lehtola, Ville V., Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Antero Kukko, Harri Kaartinen, and Hannu Hyyppä. "Localization of mobile laser scanner using classical mechanics." ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 99 (January 2015): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.10.008.

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36

Soewito, Benfano, and Echo Wahana Marciano Simanjuntak. "EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION OF ATTENDANCE SYSTEM WITH GPS AND BIOMETRIC METHOD USING MOBILE DEVICES." CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/commit.v8i1.589.

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The existing attendance system still has drawbacks, namely the queue in front of the finger scanner, the attendance data are not integrated with Human Resources Systems, and also the employees who work outside the office cannot get in the attendance system to roll presence. In the other hand, everyone has the mobile devices and all the mobile devices will be embedded a finger scanner in the future. In this paper, it is proposed the absence system using one own device. The finger scanner and coordinate Global Position System (GPS) are used as inputs for the attendance system that integrated with payroll system and human resource management tools. Application base on android platform is developed because the android is the most platforms that have been using in the most mobile devices. Using our proposed methodology, the employee can roll presence using their mobile devices and the do not need to be in queue and the employees who work outside the office also can roll presence. Research showed that proposed methodology can be used for the next generation attendance system.

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37

Kristianto, Ryan Putranda, Edwin Alexander, Yulia Wahyuningsih, Yosefina Finsensia Riti, Stephanus Surijadarma Tandjung, and Andre Hartanto. "Perancangan Aplikasi Android Katalog Buku Dengan Fitur Barcode Scanner Menggunakan Google ML Kit." Center for Sustainable Development Studies Journal (Jurnal CSDS) 1, no. 1 (2022): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37477/csds.v1i1.368.

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Teknologi Barcode Scanner merupakan teknologi lama dimana terdapat device khusus untuk melakukan scanning barcode atau QR Code. Namun apabila dikombinasikan dengan sebuah aplikasi ber-platform mobile khususnya Android, diperlukan sebuah teknologi khusus untuk mewadahinya yaitu teknologi Google ML Kit. Pada tulisan ini dijelaskan perancangan aplikasi katalog buku dengan fitur Barcode Scanner menggunakan Google ML Kit, dimana fitur Barcode Scanner tersebut digunakan untuk melakukan pencarian data katalog buku.

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38

Xie, Xue Dong, Xin Kuan Liu, and Jun Ting Cheng. "Measurement Technique Based on the Three-Dimensional White-Light Scanner." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 993–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.993.

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White light scanner plays a vital role in reverse engineering. It has penetrated into all industries. It includes cars, grinding, aircraft, and mobile phone industry and so on. The paper introduces the basic principle of white light scanner and the measurement techniques.

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39

Gotanda, Tatsuhiro, Toshizo Katsuda, Rumi Gotanda, et al. "Effective energy measurement using radiochromic film: application of a mobile scanner." Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering 22, no. 4 (2016): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjmpe-2016-0015.

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Abstract The effective energy calculated using the half-value layer (HVL) is an important parameter for quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC). However constant monitoring has not been performed because measurements using an ionization chamber (IC) are time-consuming and complicated. To solve these problems, a method using radiochromic film (GAFCHROMIC EBT2 dosimetry film (GAF-EBT2) with slight energy dependency errors), a mobile scanner and step-shaped aluminum (SSAl) filter is developed. The results of the method using a mobile scanner were compared with those of the recommended method using an IC in order to evaluate its applicability. The difference ratios of the effective energies by each method using a mobile scanner with GAF-EBT2 were less than 5% compared with results of an IC. It is considered that this method offers a simple means of determining HVL for QA and QC consistently and quickly without the need for an IC dosimeter.

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40

Rehany, N., A. Barsi, and T. Lovas. "CAPTURING FINE DETAILS INVOLVING LOW-COST SENSORS –A COMPARATIVE STUDY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W8 (November 14, 2017): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w8-213-2017.

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Capturing the fine details on the surface of small objects is a real challenge to many conventional surveying methods. Our paper discusses the investigation of several data acquisition technologies, such as arm scanner, structured light scanner, terrestrial laser scanner, object line-scanner, DSLR camera, and mobile phone camera. A palm-sized embossed sculpture reproduction was used as a test object; it has been surveyed by all the instruments. The result point clouds and meshes were then analyzed, using the arm scanner’s dataset as reference. In addition to general statistics, the results have been evaluated based both on 3D deviation maps and 2D deviation graphs; the latter allows even more accurate analysis of the characteristics of the different data acquisition approaches. Additionally, own-developed local minimum maps were created that nicely visualize the potential level of detail provided by the applied technologies. Besides the usual geometric assessment, the paper discusses the different resource needs (cost, time, expertise) of the discussed techniques. Our results proved that even amateur sensors operated by amateur users can provide high quality datasets that enable engineering analysis. Based on the results, the paper contains an outlook to potential future investigations in this field.

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41

Elseicy, Ahmed, Shayan Nikoohemat, Michael Peter, and Sander Oude Elberink. "Space Subdivision of Indoor Mobile Laser Scanning Data Based on the Scanner Trajectory." Remote Sensing 10, no. 11 (2018): 1815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10111815.

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State-of-the-art indoor mobile laser scanners are now lightweight and portable enough to be carried by humans. They allow the user to map challenging environments such as multi-story buildings and staircases while continuously walking through the building. The trajectory of the laser scanner is usually discarded in the analysis, although it gives insight about indoor spaces and the topological relations between them. In this research, the trajectory is used in conjunction with the point cloud to subdivide the indoor space into stories, staircases, doorways, and rooms. Analyzing the scanner trajectory as a standalone dataset is used to identify the staircases and to separate the stories. Also, the doors that are traversed by the operator during the scanning are identified by processing only the interesting spots of the point cloud with the help of the trajectory. Semantic information like different space labels is assigned to the trajectory based on the detected doors. Finally, the point cloud is semantically enriched by transferring the labels from the annotated trajectory to the full point cloud. Four real-world datasets with a total of seven stories are used to evaluate the proposed methods. The evaluation items are the total number of correctly detected rooms, doors, and staircases.

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42

Soewito, Benfano, Echo W. M. Simanjuntak, and Irwan P. Gunawan. "Absence System Using Your Own Device." Advanced Science Letters 21, no. 4 (2015): 638–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2015.5915.

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The existing of absence system still has drawbacks, namely the queue in front of the finger scanner, the absence data are not integrated with Human Resources Systems, and also the employees who work outside the office cannot get in the absence system to do the attendance. In the other hand, we know that everyone has the mobile devices and all the mobile devices will be embedded a finger scanner in the future. In this paper, we proposed the absence system using your own device. We used the finger scanner and coordinate Global Position System (GPS) as inputs for the absence system that integrated with payroll system and human resource management tools. We developed our application base on android platform because the android is the most platforms that have been using in the most mobile devices. Using our proposed methodology, the employee can do attendance using their mobile devices and they do not need to be in queue and the employee who work outside the office also can do the attendance. Our research showed that our proposed methodology can used for the next generation absence system.

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43

Aslan, Gökhan, Erhan Ilhan Konukseven, and Buğra Koku. "Design and Implementation of a 3D Range Scanner for Mobile Robots." Key Engineering Materials 572 (September 2013): 644–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.572.644.

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In an efficient autonomous navigation and exploration, the robots should sense the environment as exactly as possible in real-time and act correctly on the basis of the acquired 3D data. Laser scanners have been used for the last 30 years for mobile robot navigation. However, they often did not enough speed, accuracy and field of view. In this paper we present the design and implementation of a scanning platform, which can be used for both outdoor and indoor mobile robot navigation and mapping. A 3D scanning platform based on a 2D laser rangefinder was designed in compact way for fast and accurate mapping with maximum field of view. The range finder is rotated around the vertical axis to extract the 3D indoor information. However, the scanner is designed to be placed in any direction on a mobile robot. The designed mechanism provides 360º degree horizontal by 240º degree vertical field of view. The maximum resolution is 0.36º degrees in elevation and variable in azimuth (0.1 degrees if scanning platform is set to complete a 360º degree rotation in 3.6 seconds). The proposed low cost compact design is tested by scanning a physical environment with known dimensions to show that it can be used as a precise and reliable high quality 3D sensor for autonomous mobile robots.

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44

Eker, R., Z. Ucar, and A. Aydın. "A PRIMARY TEST RESULTS OF A HANDHELD MOBILE LASER SCANNER IN EXTRACTION OF TREE PARAMETERS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2022 (May 30, 2022): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2022-207-2022.

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Abstract. Sustainable forest planning and management require accurate and precise information about the estimation of forest resources. In particular, two tree parameters are very important among the others: diameter-at-breast height (DBH) and height that are used to estimate the volume and biomass of the tree. With the development of Remote Sensing (RS), information about the tree parameters can be acquired in more accurately and precisely with laser scanning technology. In this study, a Handheld Mobile Laser Scanner (HMLS), called TORCH, was tested for extracting tree parameters with 3D Forest software. The TORCH uses the SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) algorithm to locate the scanner in an unknown environment and register the obtained 3D point clouds. Estimated DBH and height parameters from HMLS data extracted using 3D Forest software were compared with the field measurements (i.e., reference data). The preliminary results of the study showed that estimated DBH from HMLS data were relatively higher than ground measurement, while estimated height from point clouds data was slightly lower than the reference data. The continuous improvement in mobile laser scanners will improve the success of the devices while acquiring 3D structural information of tree parameters and reducing the cost and time spent in forest inventory.

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45

Sjöqvist, A. S. L., M. Arthursson, A. Lundström, E. Calderón Estrada, A. Inerfeldt, and H. Lorenz. "An innovative optical and chemical drill core scanner." Scientific Drilling 19 (May 29, 2015): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-19-13-2015.

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Abstract. We describe a new innovative drill core scanner that semi-automatedly analyses drill cores directly in drill core trays with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, without the need for much sample preparation or operator intervention. The instrument is fed with entire core trays, which are photographed at high resolution and scanned by a 3-D profiling laser. Algorithms recognise the geometry of the core tray, number of slots, location of the drill cores, calculate the optimal scanning path, and execute a continuous XRF analysis of 2 cm width along the core. The instrument is equipped with critical analytical components that allow an effective QA/QC routine to be implemented. It is a mobile instrument that can be manoeuvred by a single person with a manual pallet jack.

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46

Parrilla, Eduardo, Alfredo Ballester, Clara Solves-Camallonga, et al. "Low-cost 3D foot scanner using a mobile app." Footwear Science 7, sup1 (2015): S26—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2015.1038308.

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47

Lehtola, Ville V., Juho-Pekka Virtanen, Matti T. Vaaja, Hannu Hyyppä, and Andreas Nüchter. "Localization of a mobile laser scanner via dimensional reduction." ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 121 (November 2016): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.09.004.

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48

Alteirac, V., H. Macher, and T. Landes. "REGISTRATION OPTIMIZATION OF MOBILE HANDHELD SCANNER POINT CLOUDS WITH STATIC SCANS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2021 (June 28, 2021): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2021-289-2021.

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Abstract. In recent years, 3D acquisition methods involving different types of scanners have undergone a phenomenal technological growth. Nowadays, mobile acquisition devices are popular because of their ease of use and their fairly competitive cost. Static scanners provide higher accuracy and more detail, but the acquisition time required with these systems is higher than with mobile systems. Mobile scanners are known for their high acquisition speed but lower point density and accuracy. Until now, the choice of the type of system to use was dependent on the geometry of the study area and the required accuracy. This research aims to find a way to optimize the survey by finding a compromise between the two types of devices, in order to take advantage of both systems for the same acquisition campaign. The first objective is to study the minimum number of static positions required for respecting the required accuracy. A solution is also proposed for compensating the drift of the mobile device. Secondly, the pertinence to use static stations for the principal loop and mobile system for adjoining rooms is investigated. The datasets chosen allow, on the one side, to quantify the limits of the mobile system for the acquisition of indoor buildings and, on the other side, to give recommendations regarding the configuration of static stations as a reference for mobile point clouds. Based on these experiments, a methodology is proposed for indoor environments to combine the use of the two acquisition systems and thus to save time in the field while still providing a good registration quality.

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Annok, Gerly, Valdar Tammin, and Natalja Liba. "MOBILE LASER SCANNING ELEVATION DATA ACCURACY IN CLOSED AND PARTIALLY OPEN SKY AREA." Geodesy and cartography 47, no. 1 (2021): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/gac.2021.12044.

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Mobile laser scanning is being used more often in Estonia and abroad to obtain geospatial information. As the system is still new and being upgraded, different methods are being used to find out how accurately the mobile laser scanner can measure in different conditions. In this article the mobile laser scanner accuracy is being examined depending on surrounding environment and the importance of postprocessing. Mobile laser scanning elevation data accuracy obtained in difficult conditions is being assessed. Difficult conditions are considered locations where there are tall objects that interrupt the satellite signals’ trajectory to the receiver. To determine the elevation accuracy of mobile laser scanner data, coordinates with the raw broadcast and final ephemerides with the combination of the GNSS receivers’ data that were installed in ideal and not ideal environmental conditions were computed. As a result of the study, the error of the elevation data in the first polygon, situated in difficult conditions was 7 mm when the Kunda reference station data was used with raw broadcast and final ephemerides. Error in the second polygon was accordingly 17 mm and 19 mm. When calculations were conducted using raw broadcast ephemerides in a base station in an imperfect environment, the error in the first polygon was 103 mm and in the second 75 mm. When the precise ephemerides were added to base station data, the error in the first polygon was 6 mm and in the second 21 mm. From the study results, it could be concluded that the mobile laser scanning system measures within 2 cm accuracy even in a complicated environment.

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Tommaselli, A. M. G., M. V. A. Moraes, L. S. L. Silva, M. F. Rubio, G. J. Carvalho, and J. T. G. Tommaselli. "Monitoring marginal erosion in hydroelectric reservoirs with terrestrial mobile laser scanner." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 6, 2014): 589–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-589-2014.

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Marginal erosions in reservoirs of hydroelectric plants have caused economic and environmental problems concerning hydroelectric power generation, reduction of productive areas and devaluing land parcels. The real extension and dynamics of these erosion processes are not well known for Brazilian reservoirs. To objectively assess these problems Unesp (Univ Estadual Paulista) and Duke Energy are developing a joint project which aims at the monitoring the progression of some erosive processes and understanding the causes and the dynamics of this phenomenon. Mobile LASER scanning was considered the most suitable alternative for the challenges established in the project requirements. A MDL DynaScan Mobile LASER M150 scanner was selected which uses RTK for real time positioning integrated to an IMU, enabling instantaneous generation of georeferenced point clouds. Two different reservoirs were choose for monitoring: Chavantes (storage plant) and Rosana (run-of-river plant), both in the Paranapanema River, border of São Paulo and Paraná States, Brazil. The monitoring areas are scanned quarterly and analysed with base on the point cloud, meshes, contours and cross sections. Cross sections are used to visualize and compute the rate and the dynamics of erosion. Some examples and quantitative results are presented along with an analysis of the proposed technique. Some recommendations to improve the field work and latter data processing are also introduced.

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