Artículos de revistas: "Shaʻb"

1

Davar, Mitra. "“Mashq‐e Shab” (homework)". Iranian Studies 30, n.º 3-4 (septiembre de 1997): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210869708701872.

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2

Peng, I.-Feng y Chun-Fang Wu. "Differential Contributions of Shaker and Shab K+ Currents to Neuronal Firing Patterns in Drosophila". Journal of Neurophysiology 97, n.º 1 (enero de 2007): 780–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01012.2006.

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Different K+ currents participate in generating neuronal firing patterns. The Drosophila embryonic “giant” neuron culture system has facilitated current- and voltage-clamp recordings to correlate distinct excitability patterns with the underlying K+ currents and to delineate the mutational effects of identified K+ channels. Mutations of Sh and Shab K+ channels removed part of inactivating IA and sustained IK, respectively, and the remaining IA and IK revealed the properties of their counterparts, e.g., Shal and Shaw channels. Neuronal subsets displaying the delayed, tonic, adaptive, and damping spike patterns were characterized by different profiles of K+ current voltage dependence and kinetics and by differential mutational effects. Shab channels regulated membrane repolarization and repetitive firing over hundreds of milliseconds, and Shab neurons showed a gradual decline in repolarization during current injection and their spike activities became limited to high-frequency, damping firing. In contrast, Sh channels acted on events within tens of milliseconds, and Sh mutations broadened spikes and reduced firing rates without eliminating any categories of firing patterns. However, removing both Sh and Shal IA by 4-aminopyridine converted the delayed to damping firing pattern, demonstrating their actions in regulating spike initiation. Specific blockade of Shab IK by quinidine mimicked the Shab phenotypes and converted tonic firing to a damping pattern. These conversions suggest a hierarchy of complexity in K+ current interactions underlying different firing patterns. Different lineage-defined neuronal subsets, identifiable by employing the GAL4-UAS system, displayed different profiles of spike properties and K+ current compositions, providing opportunities for mutational analysis in functionally specialized neurons.

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3

Islas, Leon D. y Fred J. Sigworth. "Voltage Sensitivity and Gating Charge in Shaker and Shab Family Potassium Channels". Journal of General Physiology 114, n.º 5 (25 de octubre de 1999): 723–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.114.5.723.

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The members of the voltage-dependent potassium channel family subserve a variety of functions and are expected to have voltage sensors with different sensitivities. The Shaker channel of Drosophila, which underlies a transient potassium current, has a high voltage sensitivity that is conferred by a large gating charge movement, ∼13 elementary charges. A Shaker subunit's primary voltage-sensing (S4) region has seven positively charged residues. The Shab channel and its homologue Kv2.1 both carry a delayed-rectifier current, and their subunits have only five positively charged residues in S4; they would be expected to have smaller gating-charge movements and voltage sensitivities. We have characterized the gating currents and single-channel behavior of Shab channels and have estimated the charge movement in Shaker, Shab, and their rat homologues Kv1.1 and Kv2.1 by measuring the voltage dependence of open probability at very negative voltages and comparing this with the charge–voltage relationships. We find that Shab has a relatively small gating charge, ∼7.5 eo. Surprisingly, the corresponding mammalian delayed rectifier Kv2.1, which has the same complement of charged residues in the S2, S3, and S4 segments, has a gating charge of 12.5 eo, essentially equal to that of Shaker and Kv1.1. Evidence for very strong coupling between charge movement and channel opening is seen in two channel types, with the probability of voltage-independent channel openings measured to be below 10−9 in Shaker and below 4 × 10−8 in Kv2.1.

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4

Carrillo, Elisa, Imilla I. Arias-Olguín, León D. Islas y Froylan Gómez-Lagunas. "Shab K+channel slow inactivation". Channels 7, n.º 2 (17 de marzo de 2013): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/chan.23569.

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5

Li, Xiaofan, Hansi Liu, Jose Chu Luo, Sarah A. Rhodes, Liana M. Trigg, Damian B. van Rossum, Andriy Anishkin et al. "Major diversification of voltage-gated K+ channels occurred in ancestral parahoxozoans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, n.º 9 (17 de febrero de 2015): E1010—E1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1422941112.

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We examined the origins and functional evolution of the Shaker and KCNQ families of voltage-gated K+ channels to better understand how neuronal excitability evolved. In bilaterians, the Shaker family consists of four functionally distinct gene families (Shaker, Shab, Shal, and Shaw) that share a subunit structure consisting of a voltage-gated K+ channel motif coupled to a cytoplasmic domain that mediates subfamily-exclusive assembly (T1). We traced the origin of this unique Shaker subunit structure to a common ancestor of ctenophores and parahoxozoans (cnidarians, bilaterians, and placozoans). Thus, the Shaker family is metazoan specific but is likely to have evolved in a basal metazoan. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the Shaker subfamily could predate the divergence of ctenophores and parahoxozoans, but that the Shab, Shal, and Shaw subfamilies are parahoxozoan specific. In support of this, putative ctenophore Shaker subfamily channel subunits coassembled with cnidarian and mouse Shaker subunits, but not with cnidarian Shab, Shal, or Shaw subunits. The KCNQ family, which has a distinct subunit structure, also appears solely within the parahoxozoan lineage. Functional analysis indicated that the characteristic properties of Shaker, Shab, Shal, Shaw, and KCNQ currents evolved before the divergence of cnidarians and bilaterians. These results show that a major diversification of voltage-gated K+ channels occurred in ancestral parahoxozoans and imply that many fundamental mechanisms for the regulation of action potential propagation evolved at this time. Our results further suggest that there are likely to be substantial differences in the regulation of neuronal excitability between ctenophores and parahoxozoans.

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6

Curtin, Kathryn D., Zhan Zhang y Robert J. Wyman. "Gap junction proteins are not interchangeable in development of neural function in theDrosophilavisual system". Journal of Cell Science 115, n.º 17 (1 de septiembre de 2002): 3379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.115.17.3379.

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Gap junctions (GJs) are composed of proteins from two distinct families. In vertebrates, GJs are composed of connexins; a connexin hexamer on one cell lines up with a hexamer on an apposing cell to form the intercellular channel. In invertebrates, GJs are composed of an unrelated protein family, the innexins. Different connexins have distinct properties that make them largely non-interchangeable in the animal. Innexins are also a large family with high sequence homology, and some functional differences have been reported. The biological implication of innexin differences, such as their ability to substitute for one another in the animal, has not been explored.Recently, we showed that GJ proteins are necessary for the development of normal neural transmission in the Drosophila visual system. Mutations in either of two Drosophila GJ genes (innexins), shakB and ogre, lead to a loss of transients in the electroretinogram (ERG),which is indicative of a failure of the lamina to respond to retinal cell depolarization. Ogre is required presynaptically and shakB(N)postsynaptically. Both act during development.Here we ask if innexins are interchangeable in their role of promoting normal neural development in flies. Specifically, we tested several innexins for their ability to rescue shakB2 and ogremutant ERGs and found that, by and large, innexins are not interchangeable. We mapped the protein regions required for this specificity by making molecular chimeras between shakB(N) and ogre and testing their ability to rescue both mutants. Each chimera rescued either shakB or ogre but never both. Sequences in the first half of each protein are necessary for functional specificity. Potentially crucial residues include a small number in the intracellular loop as well as a short stretch just N-terminal to the second transmembrane domain.Temporary GJs, possibly between the retina and lamina, may play a role in final target selection and/or chemical synapse formation in the Drosophila visual system. In that case, specificity in GJ formation or function could contribute, directly or indirectly, to chemical synaptic specificity by regulating which neurons couple and what signals they exchange. Cells may couple only if their innexins can mate with each other. The partially overlapping expression patterns of several innexins make this `mix and match' model of GJ formation a possibility.

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7

Kim, Eugene Z., Julie Vienne, Michael Rosbash y Leslie C. Griffith. "Nonreciprocal homeostatic compensation in Drosophila potassium channel mutants". Journal of Neurophysiology 117, n.º 6 (1 de junio de 2017): 2125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00002.2017.

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Homeostatic control of intrinsic excitability is important for long-term regulation of neuronal activity. In conjunction with many other forms of plasticity, intrinsic homeostasis helps neurons maintain stable activity regimes in the face of external input variability and destabilizing genetic mutations. In this study, we report a mechanism by which Drosophila melanogaster larval motor neurons stabilize hyperactivity induced by the loss of the delayed rectifying K+ channel Shaker cognate B ( Shab), by upregulating the Ca2+-dependent K+ channel encoded by the slowpoke ( slo) gene. We also show that loss of SLO does not trigger a reciprocal compensatory upregulation of SHAB, implying that homeostatic signaling pathways utilize compensatory pathways unique to the channel that was mutated. SLO upregulation due to loss of SHAB involves nuclear Ca2+ signaling and dCREB, suggesting that the slo homeostatic response is transcriptionally mediated. Examination of the changes in gene expression induced by these mutations suggests that there is not a generic transcriptional response to increased excitability in motor neurons, but that homeostatic compensations are influenced by the identity of the lost conductance. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The idea that activity-dependent homeostatic plasticity is driven solely by firing has wide credence. In this report we show that homeostatic compensation after loss of an ion channel conductance is tailored to identity of the channel lost, not its properties.

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8

Muhy Abdulwahab, Areej y Muntathar Ahmed Bader. "Sustainable Transportation Strategies in Baghdad City: Shaab – Selekh Intersection". Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences 13, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2020): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2020.13107.

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9

Arias-Olguín, Imilla I., Elisa Carrillo, Leon D. Islas y Froylan Gómez-Lagunas. "Recovery from slow inactivation of Shab K+channels". Channels 7, n.º 3 (19 de mayo de 2013): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/chan.24585.

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10

Mathur, Rajesh, Jie Zheng, Yangyang Yan y Fred J. Sigworth. "Role of the S3-S4 Linker in Shaker Potassium Channel Activation". Journal of General Physiology 109, n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 1997): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.109.2.191.

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Structural models of voltage-gated channels suggest that flexibility of the S3-S4 linker region may be important in allowing the S4 region to undergo large conformational changes in its putative voltage-sensing function. We report here the initial characterization of 18 mutations in the S3-S4 linker of the Shaker channel, including deletions, insertions, charge changes, substitution of prolines, and chimeras replacing the 25-residue Shaker linker with 7- or 9-residue sequences from Shab, Shaw, or Shal. As measured in Xenopus oocytes with a two-microelectrode voltage clamp, each mutant construct yielded robust currents. Changes in the voltage dependence of activation were small, with activation voltage shifts of 13 mV or less. Substitution of linkers from the slowly activating Shab and Shaw channels resulted in a three- to fourfold slowing of activation and deactivation. It is concluded that the S3-S4 linker is unlikely to participate in a large conformational change during channel activation. The linker, which in some channel subfamilies has highly conserved sequences, may however be a determinant of activation kinetics in potassium channels, as previously has been suggested in the case of calcium channels.

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11

Shiva Massoudi. "Kheimeh Shab Bazi: Iranian Traditional Marionette Theatre". Asian Theatre Journal 26, n.º 2 (2009): 260–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/atj.0.0053.

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12

Butler, Alice, Aguan Wei y Lawrence Salkoff. "Shal, Shab, andShaw: three genes encoding potassium channels inDrosophila". Nucleic Acids Research 18, n.º 8 (1990): 2173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.8.2173.

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13

Sulieman Ahmed Gasim El Said, Hatil Hashim EL-Kamali y Sara Ahmed Saad. "Analysis of Physico-chemical and Macro Element Concentration in Soils of Six Farmlands in Khartoum State, Central Sudan". Journal of The Faculty of Science and Technology, n.º 7 (17 de agosto de 2021): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/jfst.vi7.964.

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Analysis of some selected physico-chemical parameters and macro-elements in soil samples collected from six farmlands (Agricultural schemes) in Khartoum State, Central Sudan : EL-Gomouya, Wad Ramli, Umm Arda, EL-Waha, EL-Silait and EL-Shaab schemes) were carried out The soil characterization was carried out for parameters like pH, organic carbon, moisture content, electrical conductivity , soil texture , potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus in the soil samples. The physicochemical analysis of soil samples understudy showed different concentrations of various parameters at different farmlands. Correlation analysis was employed to examine the relationship between the various parameters in the soil samples.

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14

Ryan, Mary Y., Rachel Maloney, Robert A. Reenan y Richard Horn. "Characterization of Five RNA Editing Sites in Shab Potassium Channels". Channels 2, n.º 3 (21 de mayo de 2008): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/chan.2.3.6386.

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15

Arias-Olguín, Imilla I., Elisa Carrillo, Bernardo Meza, Daniel Balleza y Froylan Gomez-Lagunas. "Celecoxib Promotes a Fast Inactivation Gating in Shab K+ Channels". Biophysical Journal 100, n.º 3 (febrero de 2011): 429a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.2537.

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16

Covarrubias, Manuel, Aguan Wei y Lawrence Salkoff. "Shaker, Shal, Shab, and Shaw express independent K+ current systems". Neuron 7, n.º 5 (noviembre de 1991): 763–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(91)90279-9.

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17

Braendle, Udo C. "Book review: "Board of directors: A review of practices and empirical research"". Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review 5, n.º 2 (2021): 102–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv5i2p9.

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This review covers the book titled “Board of directors: A review of practices and empirical research”, edited by Stefano Dell’Atti, Montserrat Manzaneque, and Shab Hundal (Virtus Interpress, 2020; ISBN: 978-617-7309-16-0). The focus of this review is particularly on board diversity and sustainability issues that, in the reviewer’s opinion, are two challenges that will keep boards of directors busy in the years to come. It also highlights the contribution of this book to the ongoing discussion on key issues relating to board of directors

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18

Carrillo, Elisa, Lucero Pacheco, Daniel Balleza y Froylan Gomez-Lagunas. "K+-Dependent Selectivity and External Ca2+ Block of Shab K+ Channels". PLOS ONE 10, n.º 3 (23 de marzo de 2015): e0120431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120431.

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19

Gomez-Lagunas, Froylan y Elisa Carrillo. "K+-Dependent Selectivity and External Calcium Block of Shab Potassium Channels". Biophysical Journal 108, n.º 2 (enero de 2015): 120a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.674.

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20

Lee, Jisue y Chun-Fang Wu. "Genetic Modifications of Seizure Susceptibility and Expression by Altered Excitability in Drosophila Na+ and K+ Channel Mutants". Journal of Neurophysiology 96, n.º 5 (noviembre de 2006): 2465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00499.2006.

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A seizure-paralysis repertoire characteristic of Drosophila “bang-sensitive” mutants can be evoked electroconvulsively in tethered flies, in which behavioral episodes are associated with synchronized spike discharges in different body parts. Flight muscle DLMs (dorsal longitudinal muscles) display a stereotypic sequence of initial and delayed bouts of discharges (ID and DD), interposed with giant fiber (GF) pathway failure and followed by a refractory period. We examined how seizure susceptibility and discharge patterns are modified in various K+ and Na+ channel mutants. Decreased numbers of Na+ channels in nap ts flies drastically reduced susceptibility to seizure induction, eliminated ID, and depressed DD spike generation. Mutations of different K+ channels led to differential modifications of the various components in the repertoire. Altered transient K+ currents in Sh 133 and Hk mutants promoted ID induction. However, only Sh 133 but not Hk mutations increased DD seizure and GF pathway failure durations. Surprisingly, modifications in sustained K+ currents in eag and Shab mutants increased thresholds for DD induction and GF pathway failure. Nevertheless, both eag and Shab, like Sh 133, increased DD spike generation and recovery time from GF pathway failure. Interactions between channel mutations with the bang-sensitive mutation bss demonstrated the role of membrane excitability in stress-induced seizure-paralysis behavior. Seizure induction and discharges were suppressed by nap ts in bss nap double mutants, whereas Sh heightened seizure susceptibility in bss Sh 133 and bss Sh M double mutants. Our results suggest that individual seizure repertoire components reflect different neural network activities that could be differentially altered by mutations of specific ion channel subunits.

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21

Smelik, Willem. "‘Rav Yoseph Said … As We Translate’: On the Contribution of Translation to Talmudic Discourse". Aramaic Studies 12, n.º 1 (2014): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455227-01201009.

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The role of Aramaic translations for the argument of Talmudic discourse has rarely been analysed. This essay charts the way translations are used in connection with the animal hides used to manufacture the Tabernacle’s tent cover. The examples include marked, unmarked, anonymous and ascribed quotations of translations. The use of translation is sometimes pivotal but highly subject to change. Rav Yoseph’s translation in b. Shab. 28a originally served as an objection, but has been placed in a new co-text. It still performs a more than peripheral role for the flow and turn of argument in the Talmudic discourse.

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22

Krause, Yani, Stephan Krause, Jiehong Huang, Che-Hsiung Liu, Roger C. Hardie y Matti Weckström. "Light-Dependent Modulation of Shab Channels via Phosphoinositide Depletion in Drosophila Photoreceptors". Neuron 59, n.º 4 (agosto de 2008): 596–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2008.07.009.

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23

Quattrocki, Elizabeth A., John Marshall y Leonard K. Kaczmarek. "A shab potassium channel contributes to action potential broadening in peptidergic neurons". Neuron 12, n.º 1 (enero de 1994): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0896-6273(94)90153-8.

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24

Collins, Frank. "Career Self-Interest and Concern for Others—The Effects of Co-Worker Attitudes on Fraudulent Behavior". Accounting and the Public Interest 6, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2006): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/api.2006.6.1.95.

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The numerous corporate scandals in recent years raise questions as to why experienced business leaders would make unethical, and often illegal, decisions. Research (Collins et al. 2004a, 2004b; Shaub et al. 2005) has demonstrated that measures of self-interest and concern for others influence the likelihood that an individual will commit egregious acts of self-interest. The current study examines the moderating effects of co-worker attitudes on the relationship between career self-interest, concern for others, and the likelihood of committing egregious acts of self-interest. We find that co-worker attitudes do affect ethical decision making. The potential effect of peer opinion on individuals in the workplace highlights the importance of organizational culture in controlling incidents of unethical behavior, a matter of public interest (Harrison and Huntington 2000).

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25

Bogomolov, О. V. "The Concept of IRADA(t) ASH-SHA‘B in the Discourse of the Arab Spring". Oriental Studies 2013, n.º 64 (30 de diciembre de 2013): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/skhodoznavstvo2013.64.015.

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26

Maya, Rahendra, Ulil Amri Syafri y Budi Heryanto. "EDUCATIF IMPLICATIONS OF THE INTERPRETATION OF OLDER TERMIN THE QUR’AN PERSPECTIVE". Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 10, n.º 01 (18 de febrero de 2021): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30868/ei.v10i01.1218.

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This article examines the educatif impilcation of the older term in Qur’anic verses that express through the interpretation of the commentators in their various popular works that are authoritative using a thematic interpretation approach (al-tafsîr al-maudhû’î) using qualitative methods of literature study with analysis descriptive-interpretative nature. The older term with various forms and derivations that were successfully identificated which later became the object and focus of this research were the term arba’în sanah, ardzal al-‘umur, al-shayb (al-syīb and al-shyaibah), al-shaykh (and al-syuyûkh), al-’ajûz, al-kibar (and al-kabîr), nu’ammir (yu’ammar and mu’ammar), and thâla or tathâwala al-’umur. After elaborating on the interpretation and accentation of its meaning and analyzing the results of the discussion, it turns out that these terms have many implications, especially those relating to aspects of Islamic education.

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27

Adra, Najwa. "Decolonizing Tribal “Genealogies” in the Middle East and North Africa". International Journal of Middle East Studies 53, n.º 3 (agosto de 2021): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743821000805.

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The continued use of the term “tribe” to describe groups with segmentary organization in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) has long been recognized as problematic, albeit without viable alternative English translations of the local terms: qabīla, ‘ashīra, sha‘b, ‘ilt, and others. Yet the equally problematic but enduring uncritical acceptance of genealogical classification of MENA's tribes leads to fundamental misunderstandings of the basic principles of tribal organization as well as the multiple roles of kinship in the region. This propensity is not only misleading but is loaded with social evolutionary assumptions about presumed “stages of development” that hinder scholarship on tribes and have a negative impact on international policy toward countries like Yemen with significant self-identified tribal populations. Key to this essay is the wide diversity and flexibility in the terminology applied to tribal segments and in the sizes of segments.

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28

French, L. B., C. C. Lanning, M. Matly y R. M. Harris-Warrick. "Cellular localization of Shab and Shaw potassium channels in the lobster stomatogastric ganglion". Neuroscience 123, n.º 4 (enero de 2004): 919–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2003.08.036.

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29

Tosi, Maurizio y Donatella Usai. "Preliminary report on the excavations at Wadi Shab, Area 1, Sultanate of Oman". Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 14, n.º 1 (mayo de 2003): 8–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0471.2003.140102.x.

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30

Mona Mahmoud Fadul y Mahdi H.A Abdalla. "Assessment of fibrinogen level among Sudanese patient with myocardial infarction in Khartoum City- Sudan". World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 9, n.º 2 (28 de febrero de 2021): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.9.2.0066.

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Fibrinogen has been identified as a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Myocardial infarction is cardiomyocyte death as result of a prolonged ischemia. The aim of this study was to determine fibrinogen level in Sudanese patients with myocardial infarction. A case control study was conducted in AL-Shaab Hospital and Sudan heart center at Khartoum state, Sudan. A total of 100 study participants were enrolled in the study; 50 were myocardial infarction patients and 50 were apparently healthy individuals as control. The blood Samples were collected in 3.2 % trisodium citrate and Fibrinogen level was measured using ready kits principle. The data were analysed by statistical package of social sciences version 21. The study revealed that fibrinogen level was higher in Myocardial infarction (MI) patients compared with normal individuals. There is a significant strong positive correlation between fibrinogen and Troponin-1 Level at the 0.05 level.

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31

Herbert W. Basser. "Avon Gilyon (Document of Sin, b. Shabb. 116a) or Euaggelon (Good News)?" Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 28, n.º 3 (2010): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sho.0.0442.

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32

Tsunoda, S. y L. Salkoff. "The major delayed rectifier in both Drosophila neurons and muscle is encoded by Shab". Journal of Neuroscience 15, n.º 7 (1 de julio de 1995): 5209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.15-07-05209.1995.

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33

Tsunoda, S. y L. Salkoff. "Genetic analysis of Drosophila neurons: Shal, Shaw, and Shab encode most embryonic potassium currents". Journal of Neuroscience 15, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 1995): 1741–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.15-03-01741.1995.

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34

Song, Juan y Mark A. Tanouye. "Seizure Suppression by shakB2, a Gap Junction Mutation in Drosophila". Journal of Neurophysiology 95, n.º 2 (febrero de 2006): 627–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01059.2004.

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Gap junction proteins mediate electrical synaptic transmission. In Drosophila, flies carrying null mutations in the shakB locus, such as shakB2, have behavioral and electrophysiological defects in the giant fiber (GF) system neurocircuit consistent with a loss of transmission at electrical synapses. The shakB2 mutation also affects seizure susceptibility. Mutant flies are especially seizure-resistant and have a high threshold to evoked seizures. In addition, in some double mutant combinations with “epilepsy” mutations, shakB2 appears to act as a seizure-suppressor mutation: shakB2 restores seizure susceptibility to the wild-type range in the double mutant. In double mutant combinations, shakB2 completely suppresses seizures caused by slamdance ( sda) , knockdown ( kdn), and jitterbug ( jbug) mutations. Seizures caused by easily shocked ( eas) and technical knockout ( tko) mutations are partially suppressed by shakB2. Seizures caused by bang-sensitive ( bas2) and bang- senseless ( bss1, bss2 alleles) mutations are not suppressed by shakB2. These results show the use of Drosophila as a model system for studying the kinds of genetic interactions responsible for seizure susceptibility, bringing us closer to unraveling the complexity of seizure disorders in humans.

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35

Anwar, Najih. "Ayat-Ayat Tentang Masyarakat: Kajian Konsep Dan Implikasinya Dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam". Halaqa: Islamic Education Journal 2, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/halaqa.v2i2.1778.

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This article discusses the concept of society in the Qur'an in relation to the development of Islamic education. The term community can be seen from the existence of various other terms that can be related to the concept of community development, such as the terms qaum, ummah, sha'b, qabāil. There needs to be an understanding of the ideal concept of society to develop the concept of education. Understanding the ideal concept of society is very necessary in order to develop the concept of education. With regard to this there are at least four things that illustrate the relationship between the concept of society and education, among others: First, that the ideal picture of society must be one of the considerations in designing the vision, mission and goals of education; Second, the ideal picture of the community must also be the basis for the development of community-based education; Third, developments and progress that occur in the community must also be considered in formulating educational goals; Fourth, developments and progress in the community must be used as a basis for curriculum formulation.

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36

Pak, MD, M. Covarrubias, A. Ratcliffe y L. Salkoff. "A mouse brain homolog of the Drosophila Shab K+ channel with conserved delayed-rectifier properties". Journal of Neuroscience 11, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 1991): 869–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.11-03-00869.1991.

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37

Usai, D. y A. Cavallari. "The lithic industry of Wadi Shab, a Middle Holocene site on the coast of Oman". Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 19, n.º 2 (noviembre de 2008): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0471.2008.00300.x.

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38

Gomez-Lagunas, Froylan. "Quinidine interaction with Shab K+channels: pore block and irreversible collapse of the K+conductance". Journal of Physiology 588, n.º 15 (1 de agosto de 2010): 2691–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2010.193128.

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39

Hwang, PM, M. Fotuhi, DS Bredt, AM Cunningham y SH Snyder. "Contrasting immunohistochemical localizations in rat brain of two novel K+ channels of the Shab subfamily". Journal of Neuroscience 13, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 1993): 1569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.13-04-01569.1993.

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40

Ambriz-Rivas, Marco, Leon D. Islas y Froylan Gomez-Lagunas. "K+-dependent stability and ion conduction of Shab K+ channels: a comparison with Shaker channels". Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 450, n.º 4 (21 de mayo de 2005): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-005-1411-9.

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41

Rani, Asma. "Akhir-e-Shab Key Humsafar, A Unique and complete Novel by Qurrat-ul-Ain Haider". Makhz 2, n.º III (30 de septiembre de 2021): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.47205/makhz.2021(2-iii)1.

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42

Bobrowski, Przemysław, Maria Lityńska-Zając, Marta Osypińska y Maciej Jórdeczka. "The Early Holocene Archaeological Evidence (Site E-05-1) in Bargat El-Shab (Western Desert Egypt)". Archaeologia Polona 58 (2020): 195–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.23858/apa58.2020.011.

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43

Hugnot, J. P., M. Salinas, F. Lesage, E. Guillemare, J. de Weille, C. Heurteaux, M. G. Mattéi y M. Lazdunski. "Kv8.1, a new neuronal potassium channel subunit with specific inhibitory properties towards Shab and Shaw channels." EMBO Journal 15, n.º 13 (julio de 1996): 3322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00697.x.

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44

Melis, Roberta, Dora Stauffer, Xuyun Zhao, Xiao Lin Zhu, Barbara Albrecht, Olaf Pongs, Arthur Brothman y Mark Leppert. "Physical and genetic localization of a Shab subfamily potassium channel (KCNB1) gene to chromosomal region 20q13.2". Genomics 25, n.º 1 (enero de 1995): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0888-7543(95)80138-c.

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45

Ben Khelifa, Soumaya. "The European hedge funds industry: An empirical analysis of performance, liquidity, and growth". Corporate Governance and Sustainability Review 5, n.º 2 (2021): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgsrv5i2p8.

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Resumen

While the performance of hedge funds has grabbed much attention from researchers, a few studies have been conducted on the drivers of hedge fund liquidity and performance (Shaub & Schmid, 2013). This study proposes new approaches to investigate the effect of share restrictions on European hedge fund performance and liquidity. We run different regressions of 1) returns, 2) flows, and 3) exposure to market liquidity risk on share restrictions, managerial incentives, and a set of control variables as independent variables. Using a sample of 1423 European hedge funds, our results suggest that restrictions imposed by European hedge funds add economic value to investors. Furthermore, we find that European hedge funds with strong share restrictions take on lower liquidity risk. There is a weak difference in liquidity risk exposure across directional European hedge funds with and without share restrictions. In addition, European hedge funds’ experience, large outflows during a crisis, and all share restrictions do not seem to be significantly related to funding flows in the crisis period, as well as in times of non-crisis. Finally, only the groups of young funds are associated with significant funds exposure to market liquidity risk

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46

Mohsen, Al-Zahraa A., Monim H. Al-Jiboori y Yaseen K. Al-Timimi. "Investigating the Aerodynamic Surface Roughness Length over Baghdad City Utilizing Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques". Baghdad Science Journal 18, n.º 2(Suppl.) (20 de junio de 2021): 1048. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2021.18.2(suppl.).1048.

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This study calculated the surface roughness length (Zo), zero-displacement length (Zd) and height of the roughness elements (ZH) using GIS applications. The practical benefit of this study is to classify the development of Baghdad, choose the appropriate places for installing wind turbines, improve urban planning, find rates of turbulence, pollution and others. The surface roughness length (Zo) of Baghdad city was estimated based on the data of the wind speed obtained from an automatic weather station installed at Al-Mustansiriyah University, the data of the satellite images digital elevation model (DEM), and the digital surface model (DSM), utilizing Remote Sensing Techniques. The study area was divided into 15 municipalities (Rasheed, Mansour, Shulaa, Karrada, Shaab, Adhamiyah, Sadre 2, Sadre 1, Rusafa, Alghadeer, Baghdad Aljadeedah, Karkh, Kadhumiya, Green zone, and Dora). The results indicated that the variations in Zo depend strongly on zero-displacement length (Zd) and the roughness element height (ZH) and wind speed. The research results demonstrated that Baghdad Aljadeedah has the largest (Zo) with 0.43 m and Rasheed has the lowest value of (Zo) with 0.19 m.; the average (Zo) of Baghdad city was 0.32 m.

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47

Маrjanyan, Мargarit A., Ruzanna G. Harutyunyan, Laura J. Harutyunova y Ivan G. Gabrielyan. "ON THE PALEOFAUNA INVERTEBRATES (MOLLUSCA, ARTROPODA; INSECTA) OF DIATOMITE DEPOSITS OF SHAMB–1 LOCALITY (SISIAN SUITE, EARLY PLEISTOCENE, ARMENIA)". South of Russia: ecology, development 11, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2016): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2016-1-79-87.

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48

Huang, H. y A. Buskens. "Comparison of dioxin formation levels in laboratory gas-phase flow reactors with those calculated using the Shaub-Tsang mechanism". Chemosphere 38, n.º 7 (marzo de 1999): 1595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00386-5.

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49

Gómez-Lagunas, Froylán. "Stability of the Shab K+ Channel Conductance in 0 K+ Solutions: The Role of the Membrane Potential". Biophysical Journal 93, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2007): 4197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.106.095794.

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50

Gomez-Lagunas, Froylan, Imilla Arias-Olguin y Elisa Carrillo. "Shab K Channel Slow Inactivation. A Mechanism that Departs from Both C and U-Type Inactivation Mechanisms". Biophysical Journal 102, n.º 3 (enero de 2012): 530a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.2896.

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