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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Signal length"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 7 de junio de 2025

Última modificación: 2 de agosto de 2025

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1

Hussain, Arif, Arslan Ahmed, Hina Magsi, Jahangeer Badar Soomro, Syed Sabir Hussain Bukhari, and Jong-Suk Ro. "Adaptive Data Length Method for GPS Signal Acquisition in Weak to Strong Fading Conditions." Electronics 10, no. 14 (2021): 1735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141735.

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Satellite-based navigation is an essential part of all the technology-dependent applications, such as road transport, cell phones, the medical field, aviation or the shipping industry, etc. The performance of the navigation systems depends upon how quickly they can acquire and process the received signals for positioning solutions. However, in dense urban or indoor environments, signal acquisition can be a challenging task due to fading as a result of multipath and/or interference. This paper presents post-processing acquisition results on Global Positioning System (GPS) signals to study the r

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2

Gu, Shanshan, Jianye Liu, Qinghua Zeng, Shaojun Feng, and Pin Lv. "Dynamic Allan Variance Analysis Method with Time-Variant Window Length Based on Fuzzy Control." Journal of Sensors 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/564041.

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To solve the problem that dynamic Allan variance (DAVAR) with fixed length of window cannot meet the identification accuracy requirement of fiber optic gyro (FOG) signal over all time domains, a dynamic Allan variance analysis method with time-variant window length based on fuzzy control is proposed. According to the characteristic of FOG signal, a fuzzy controller with the inputs of the first and second derivatives of FOG signal is designed to estimate the window length of the DAVAR. Then the Allan variances of the signals during the time-variant window are simulated to obtain the DAVAR of th

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3

Xin, Jiaxing, Jinzhong Chen, Xiaolong Li, Renyang He, and Hongwu Zhu. "A prediction model for oil and gas pipeline deformation based on ACM inspection signal waveforms." Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 64, no. 10 (2022): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1784/insi.2022.64.10.573.

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Deformation is one of the leading causes of oil and gas pipeline accidents, affecting pipeline transportation efficiency and operational safety. This paper proposes a pipeline deformation detection method and prediction models based on alternating current magnetisation (ACM) technology. Firstly, the mechanism of pipeline deformation detection based on ACM technology is introduced and mathematical models are proposed to evaluate the deformation length and height using magnetic detection signals. Next, finite element models of detection signals for deformations with various lengths and heights a

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4

Ghassan, Alnwaimi, Boujemaa Hatem, and Arshad Kamran. "Optimization of Packet Length for Two Way Relaying with Energy Harvesting." International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) 11, no. 3 (2019): 97–114. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3351367.

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In this article, we suggest optimizing packet length for two way relaying with energy harvesting. In the first transmission phase, two source nodes N1 and N2 are transmitting data to each others through a selected relay R. In the second phase, the selected relay will amplify the sum of the signals received signals from N1 and N2. The selected relay amplifies the received signals using the harvested energy from Radio Frequency (RF) signals transmitted by nodes N1 and N2. Finally, N1 will remove, from the relay’s signal, its own signal to be able to decode the symbol of N2. Similarly, N2 w

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5

Joseph, Roshan, Hanfei Mei, Asaad Migot, and Victor Giurgiutiu. "Crack-Length Estimation for Structural Health Monitoring Using the High-Frequency Resonances Excited by the Energy Release during Fatigue-Crack Growth." Sensors 21, no. 12 (2021): 4221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124221.

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Acoustic waves are widely used in structural health monitoring (SHM) for detecting fatigue cracking. The strain energy released when a fatigue crack advances has the effect of exciting acoustic waves, which travel through the structures and are picked up by the sensors. Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) can effectively sense acoustic waves due to fatigue-crack growth. Conventional acoustic-wave passive SHM, which relies on counting the number of acoustic events, cannot precisely estimate the crack length. In the present research, a novel method for estimating the crack length was propo

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6

Oo, Thandar, and Pornchai Phukpattaranont. "Signal-to-Noise Ratio Estimation in Electromyography Signals Contaminated with Electrocardiography Signals." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 19, no. 03 (2020): 2050027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477520500273.

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When electromyography (EMG) signals are collected from muscles in the torso, they can be perturbed by the electrocardiography (ECG) signals from heart activity. In this paper, we present a novel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimate for an EMG signal contaminated by an ECG signal. We use six features that are popular in assessing EMG signals, namely skewness, kurtosis, mean average value, waveform length, zero crossing and mean frequency. The features were calculated from the raw EMG signals and the detail coefficients of the discrete stationary wavelet transform. Then, these features are used

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7

Muhlestein, Michael B., and Kent L. Gee. "A nonlinear distortion length of the statistics of high-amplitude propagating noise." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (2022): A222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016077.

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The nonlinear evolution of high-amplitude broadband noise is important to the psychoacoustic perception of high-speed jet noise. One method to characterize the nonlinear evolution of such noise is to consider a characteristic nonlinear distortion length for the signal. A common length scale for this analysis is the shock formation distance of an initially sinusoidal signal. However, application of the shock formation distance for an initially sinusoidal signal to broadband noise, even with the amplitude and source frequency replaced with characteristic values, may lead to inaccurate interpreta

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8

Makaram, Navaneethakrishna, and Ramakrishnan Swaminathan. "Characterization of surface electromyography signals of biceps brachii muscle in fatigue using symbolic motif features." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 234, no. 6 (2020): 570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411920908994.

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Exercise-induced muscle damage is a condition which results in the loss of muscle function due to overexertion. Muscle fatigue is a precursor of this phenomenon. The characterization of muscle fatigue plays a crucial role in preventing muscle damage. In this work, an attempt is made to develop signal processing methods to understand the dynamics of the muscle’s electrical properties. Surface electromyography signals are recorded from 50 healthy adult volunteers under dynamic curl exercise. The signals are preprocessed, and the first difference signal is computed. Furthermore, ascending and des

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9

Takaya, Kunio. "Recovery of Phase Using Power Spectrum and Bispectrum." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 07, no. 04 (1997): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812669700019x.

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Theoretically, recovery of phase from power spectrum is possible only for minimum phase signals. When a signal is either known to be of minimum phase or the analysis requiring phase information can accept the phase estimated by regarding the signal as a minimum phase signal, a simple method presented here can calculate the phase easily from the power spectrum. If a signal is a decaying signal approaching zero, the signal can be extended to its double length by padding zeros. The zero-padded portion of such double length data can be taken as a result of cancellation between two double length od

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10

Han Bai, Haoxue Liu, Yandong Zhao, and Nan Wang. "Length Optimization of Traffic Signal Cycle." International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology 4, no. 4 (2012): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/ijact.vol4.issue4.20.

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11

Li, Xianfeng, Sen Xu, and Xiaopeng Hua. "Pattern Recognition of Grating Perimeter Intrusion Behavior in Deep Learning Method." Symmetry 13, no. 1 (2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13010087.

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An intrusion behavior recognition method based on deep learning is proposed in this paper in order to improve the recognition accuracy of raster perimeter intrusion behavior. The Mach–Zehnder fiber optic interferometer was used to collect the external vibration signal sensing unit, capture the external vibration signal, use the cross-correlation characteristic method to obtain the minimum frame length of the fiber vibration signal, and preprocess the intrusion signal according to the signal strength. The intrusion signals were superimposed and several sections of signals were intercepted by fi

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12

Kumru, Yasin, A. Sinan Taşdelen, and Hayrettin Köymen. "Generation and use of very wideband chip signals for coded underwater applications." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 156, no. 4_Supplement (2024): A26. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0034983.

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We present the generation and use of coded signals with very wideband chip signals for underwater applications. We performed measurements using a parametric array in a large water tank. We fabricated a transducer consisting of a 3 mm thick and 75 mm-by-75 mm square-shaped PZT ceramic plate, which is matched to water media at the radiating face and terminated by a very low impedance at the back. We used the square-root amplitude modulation and complementary Golay sequences to code the driving signals centered around 855 kHz primary frequency. We employed a matched filter at reception. Our measu

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13

Yang, Menghuan, Hong Wu, Qiqi Wang, Yingxin Zhao, and Zhiyang Liu. "A BeiDou Signal Acquisition Approach Using Variable Length Data Accumulation Based on Signal Delay and Multiplication." Sensors 20, no. 5 (2020): 1309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051309.

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The secondary modulation with the Neumann-Hoffman code increases the possibility of bit sign transition. Unlike other GNSS signals, there is no pilot component for synchronization in BeiDou B1/B3 signals, which increases the complexity in acquisition. A previous study has shown that the delay and multiplication (DAM) method is able to eliminate the bit sign transition problem, but it only applies to pretty strong signals. In this paper, a DAM-based BeiDou signal acquisition approach, called variable length data accumulation (VLDA), is proposed to acquire weak satellite signals. Firstly, the pe

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14

Тулякова, Наталия Олеговна, Роман Юрьевич Лопаткин, Александр Николаевич Трофимчук та Александр Евгеньевич Стрижак. "ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЛОКАЛЬНО-АДАПТИВНОЇ МІРІАДНОЇ ФІЛЬТРАЦІЇ ДЛЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОЇ МОДЕЛІ ОДНОМІРНОГО СИГНАЛУ". Radioelectronic and Computer Systems, № 3 (12 березня 2019): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/reks.2017.3.02.

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Local adaptive algorithms of myriad filtering with adaptation of a sample myriad linearity parameter K depending upon local estimates of signal scale and "hard" switching of parameters of sliding window lengths and coefficients that influence on parameter K are proposed. Statistical estimates of filters quality are obtained using criterion of minimum mean-square error for a complex model of one-dimensional signal that includes elementary signals such as a constant signal, step edge, piecewise linear fragments, linearly increasing and decreasing signals, a peak-like maximum, a piecewise functio

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15

Hromadova, Veronika, Peter Brida, and Juraj Machaj. "Design of Acoustic Signal for Positioning of Smart Devices." Sensors 23, no. 18 (2023): 7852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23187852.

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This paper addresses the limitations of using smartphones in innovative localization systems based on audio signal processing, particularly in the frequency range of 18–22 kHz, due to the lack of technical specifications and noise characterization. We present a comprehensive study on signal design and performance analysis for acoustic communication in air ducts, focusing on signal propagation in indoor environments considering room acoustics and signal behavior. The research aims to determine optimal parameters, including the frequency band, signal types, signal length, pause duration, and sam

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16

Buhaiov, M. V. "Method of Complex Envelope Processing for Signal Edges Detection." Visnyk NTUU KPI Seriia - Radiotekhnika Radioaparatobuduvannia, no. 92 (June 30, 2023): 54–59. https://doi.org/10.20535/radap.2023.92.54-59.

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Problem statement. The need of information processing automation in modern radio monitoring systems stimulates development of flexible methods for signal detection and its parameters estimation in time domain. A priori uncertainty of signal time-frequency structure complicates the automatic determination of signals edges. Purpose. The purpose of the article is subsequent automation of radio frequency spectrum analysis process by developing and implementing a method for determining signals time edges under conditions of a known noise power and signal-to-noise ratio. Method. To determine signal

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17

Liu, Jiahua, Liangjuan Zhang, Zijian Cao, and Zihao Zhao. "Test study on the impact of high-speed signal transmission based on VPX connectors." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2897, no. 1 (2024): 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2897/1/012010.

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Abstract In high-speed digital signal transmission, VPX connectors play a crucial role as an important link for blind plug interconnection, ensuring the quality of high signal transmission. For high-speed circuit signal transmission, in order to ensure the absolute equal length of high-speed signals and avoid crosstalk caused by high-speed signals, this paper proposes a testing method that establishes a high-speed signal transmission link by designing equal-length sector modules and backplane blind plug interconnection through VPX; By using a vector network analyzer to test relevant parameters

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18

Chaves, Madalena, Eduardo D. Sontag, and Robert J. Dinerstein. "Optimal Length and Signal Amplification in Weakly Activated Signal Transduction Cascades." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 108, no. 39 (2004): 15311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp048935f.

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19

García-Vellisca, Mariano Alberto, Carlos Quiterio Gómez Muñoz, María Sofía Martínez-García, and Angel de Castro. "Automatic Word Length Selection with Boundary Conditions for HIL of Power Converters." Electronics 12, no. 16 (2023): 3488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12163488.

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Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) is a common technique used for testing in power electronics. It draws upon FPGAs (field-programmable gate arrays) because they allow for reaching real-time simulation for mid-high switching frequencies. FPGA area and delay are keys to reaching a compromise between performance and accuracy. To minimize area and delay, signal word length (WL) is critical. Furthermore, the input and output’s WL should be carefully chosen because these signals come from ADCs (analog-to-digital converters) or go to DACs (digital-to-analog converters). In other words, the role of ADCs and

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20

WEN, SENFAR, TSUN-YEE WANG, and SIEN CHI. "SELF-CONSISTENT PUMP DEPLETION METHOD TO DESIGN OPTICAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AMPLIFIED BY BIDIRECTIONAL RAMAN PUMPS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 01, no. 03 (1992): 595–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199192000297.

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The self-consistent pump depletion (SCPD) method is proposed to numerically solve the complete set of the coupled equations governing the signal and Raman pump powers in the unidirectional and bidirectional signal transmission systems. The maximum transmission lengths under the requirement of some minimum signal power for unidirectional and bidirectional signal transmission systems are studied. It is found that the maximum length decreases as the bit rate increases. With the same fiber loss of the signal wave, the optimum pump power and maximum transmission length for different fiber losses of

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21

Cariow, Aleksandr, and Marina Polyakova. "The Fast Discrete Tchebichef Transform Algorithms for Short-Length Input Sequences." Signals 6, no. 2 (2025): 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/signals6020023.

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In this article, the fast algorithms for the discrete Tchebichef transform (DTT) are proposed for input sequences of lengths in the range from 3 to 8. At present, DTT is widely applied in signal processing, image compression, and video coding. The review of the articles related to fast DTT algorithms has shown that such algorithms are mainly developed for input signal lengths 4 and 8. However, several problems exist for which signal and image processing with different apertures is required. To avoid this shortcoming, the structural approach and a sparse matrix factorization are applied in this

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22

Polikarovskykh, Oleksiy, Lesia Karpova, Ihor Hula, and Vasyl Melnychuk. "Comparative Study of DDS with Different Types of Phase Accumulators." Inventions 4, no. 3 (2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions4030035.

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The paper deals with the problems of delayed transfer signals in the direct digital synthesizer (DDS) phase accumulator adders. Transfer delay is one of the factors that affect the maximum output frequency of the DDS synthesizer. The main types of adders used in DDS synthesizers are described. Separately, attention was paid to the adder with a consistent transfer of the transfer signal, adders with a transmission carry signal with a fixed block length, adders with a signal transmission delay with a variable block length, and a mathematical analysis of the origin and duration of the delay of th

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23

Castro, M., and P. Gancho. "Signal and noise in length frequency analysis." Journal of Natural History 32, no. 10-11 (1998): 1475–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222939800771011.

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24

Wang, Wei, Yang Dong, Fuyun Liu, et al. "A VMD-BP Model to Predict Laser Welding Keyhole-Induced Pore Defect in Al Butt–Lap Joint." Materials 17, no. 13 (2024): 3270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17133270.

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The detection of keyhole-induced pore positions is a critical procedure for assessing laser welding quality. Considering the detection error due to pore migration and noise interference, this research proposes a regional prediction model based on the time–frequency-domain features of the laser plume. The original plume signal was separated into several signal segments to construct the morphological sequences. To suppress the mode mixing caused by environmental noise, variational modal decomposition (VMD) was utilized to process the signals. The time–frequency features extracted from the decomp

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25

Arif, Hussain, Magsi Hina, Ahmed Arslan, Hussain Hadi, Hussain Khand Zahid, and Akhtar Faheem. "The effects of using variable lengths for degraded signal acquisition in GPS receivers." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 4 (2021): 3201–11. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp3201-3211.

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The signal acquisition in GPS receivers is the first and very crucial process that may affect the overall performance of a navigation receiver. Acquisition program initiates a searching operation on received navigation signals to detect and identify the visible satellites. However, signal acquisition becomes a very challenging task in a degraded environment (i.e, dense urban) and the receiver may not be able to detect the satellites present in radio-vicinity, thus cannot estimate an accurate position solution. In such environments, satellite signals are attenuated and fluctuated due to fading

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26

Hussain, Arif, Hina Magsi, Arslan Ahmed, Hadi Hussain, Zahid Hussain Khand, and Faheem Akhtar. "The effects of using variable lengths for degraded signal acquisition in GPS receivers." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 4 (2021): 3201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp3201-3211.

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The signal acquisition in GPS receivers is the first and very crucial process that may affect the overall performance of a navigation receiver. Acquisition program initiates a searching operation on received navigation signals to detect and identify the visible satellites. However, signal acquisition becomes a very challenging task in a degraded environment (i.e, dense urban) and the receiver may not be able to detect the satellites present in radio-vicinity, thus cannot estimate an accurate position solution. In such environments, satellite signals are attenuated and fluctuated due to fading

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27

Javorskyj, I. M., R. M. Yuzefovych, and O. Y. Dzeryn. "LSM-harmonic analysis of bi-periodic nonstationary vibration signals." Information extraction and processing 2017, no. 45 (2017): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/vidbir2017.45.014.

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The estimators of parameters of bi-periodic nonstationary vibration signal deterministic part, obtained with using the least squares method (LSM), are analyzed. LSM estimation allows avoiding aliasing effects. The formulas for estimators of variance and bias, which describe their dependences on realization length and signal covariance components, are derived. The results are specified for the quadrature model of the signal. LSM has shown its efficiency for separation of harmonics with close frequencies, so it should be considered as the main method for vibration signals analysis. It is shown t

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28

Gavrilovich, Misha, and Victoria Kreps. "Games with Symmetric Incomplete Information and Asymmetric Computational Resources." International Game Theory Review 20, no. 02 (2018): 1750034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198917500347.

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We consider random public signals on the state of two-person zero-sum game with incomplete information on both sides (both players do not know the state of the game). To learn the state, each player chooses a finite automaton which receives the public signal; the player only sees the output of the automaton chosen. Supposing that the size of automata available to Player 1 is essentially bigger than that available to Player 2, we give an example of public signal with random length of output strings where the posterior belief of Player 1 is the state and the posterior belief of Player 2 is close

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Garrett, Joseph Chandler, Hanfei Mei, and Victor Giurgiutiu. "An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Fatigue Crack Length Estimation from Acoustic Emission Waves in Thin Metallic Plates." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (2022): 1372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031372.

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The acoustic emission (AE) technique has become a well-established method of monitoring structural health over recent years. The sensing and analysis of elastic AE waves, which have involved piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) and time domain and frequency domain analysis, has proven to be effective in yielding fatigue crack-related information. However, not much research has been performed regarding (i) the correlation between the fatigue crack length and AE signal signatures and (ii) artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies to automate the AE waveform analysis. In this paper, this cr

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30

Zhang, Xin, Feng Tian, Cai Hua Li, Guang Fu Sun, and Gang Ou. "Configurable Modernized Navigation Signal Generation Method and Performance Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 333-335 (July 2013): 711–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.711.

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In order to provide higher accuracy performance in navigation and positioning requirements, modernized navigation signals with more complex structure, such as MBOC or AltBOC signal, have been actively researched and used in the modernized GPS system, like emerging Galileo and BD-2 system. For the navigation signal simulator which generates those modernized signals, traditional bipolar BPSK or QPSK signal generation method cannot permit to generate those multi-level signals successfully and different modernized signals flexibly. After analyzing the current public modernized signal structure, a

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31

Heras, Francisco J. H., and Simon B. Laughlin. "Optimizing the use of a sensor resource for opponent polarization coding." PeerJ 5 (January 12, 2017): e2772. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2772.

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Flies use specialized photoreceptors R7 and R8 in the dorsal rim area (DRA) to detect skylight polarization. R7 and R8 form a tiered waveguide (central rhabdomere pair, CRP) with R7 on top, filtering light delivered to R8. We examine how the division of a given resource, CRP length, between R7 and R8 affects their ability to code polarization angle. We model optical absorption to show how the length fractions allotted to R7 and R8 determine the rates at which they transduce photons, and correct these rates for transduction unit saturation. The rates give polarization signal and photon noise in

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32

Zhang, Jianing, Pinghua Li, Zhiyu Yu, Jinghao Liu, Xiaoyang Zhang, and Xuye Zhuang. "Adaptive Dynamic Analysis of MEMS Gyroscope Random Noise Based on PID-DAVAR." Micromachines 14, no. 4 (2023): 792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14040792.

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As a MEMS gyroscope is susceptible to environmental interference, its performance is degraded due to random noise. Accurate and rapid analysis of random noise of MEMS gyroscope is of great significance to improve the gyroscope’s performance. A PID-DAVAR adaptive algorithm is designed by combining the PID principle with DAVAR. It can adaptively adjust the length of the truncation window according to the dynamic characteristics of the gyroscope’s output signal. When the output signal fluctuates drastically, the length of the truncation window becomes smaller, and the mutation characteristics of

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33

Krom, Guus de. "A Cepstrum-Based Technique for Determining a Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio in Speech Signals." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 36, no. 2 (1993): 254–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3602.254.

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A new method to calculate a spectral harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) in speech signals is presented. The method involves discrimination between harmonic and noise energy in the magnitude spectrum by means of a comb-liftering operation in the cepstrum domain. Sensitivity of HNR to (a) additive noise and (b) jitter was tested with synthetic vowel-like signals, generated at 10 fundamental frequencies. All jitter and noise signals were analyzed at three window lengths in order to investigate the effect of the length of the analysis frame on the estimated HNR values. Results of a multiple linear reg

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34

Lee, Sang-Hee, and Cheol-Min Park. "Novel Features for Binary Time Series Based on Branch Length Similarity Entropy." Entropy 23, no. 4 (2021): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23040480.

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Branch length similarity (BLS) entropy is defined in a network consisting of a single node and branches. In this study, we mapped the binary time-series signal to the circumference of the time circle so that the BLS entropy can be calculated for the binary time-series. We obtained the BLS entropy values for “1” signals on the time circle. The set of values are the BLS entropy profile. We selected the local maximum (minimum) point, slope, and inflection point of the entropy profile as the characteristic features of the binary time-series and investigated and explored their significance. The loc

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35

Hamza, Rawaa Qasim, Khalida Shaaban Rijab, and Mohammed Abdul Redha Hussien. "Efficient electrocardiogram signal compression algorithm using dual encoding technique." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 3 (2022): 1529–38. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i3.pp1529-1538.

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In medical practices, the storage space of electrocardiogram (ECG) records is a major concern. These records can contain hours of recording, necessitating a large amount of storage space. This problem is commonly addressed by compressing the ECG signal. The proposed work deal with the ECG signal compression method for ECG signals using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The DWT appeared as powerful tools to compact signals and shows a signal in another time-frequency representation. It is very appropriate in the elimination & removal of redundancy. The ECG signals are decomposed using DWT.

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36

Žvirblis, Tadas, Linas Petkevičius, Damian Bzinkowski, et al. "Investigation of deep learning models on identification of minimum signal length for precise classification of conveyor rubber belt loads." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 14, no. 6 (2022): 168781322211027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878132221102776.

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In this paper, long short-term memory (LSTM) and Transformer neural network models were developed for classification of different conveyor belt conditions (loaded and unloaded). Comparative shallow models such as logistic regression, support vector machine and random forest were also developed and summarized. Six different-length belt pressure signals were analyzed: 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 5.0 s. Both LSTM and Transformer models achieved 100% accuracy using pressure raw signal. Furthermore, LSTM model reached the highest classification level with the shortest signals. Accuracy and F1-scor

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Ng, Felix S. L. "Isotopic diffusion in ice enhanced by vein-water flow." Cryosphere 17, no. 7 (2023): 3063–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3063-2023.

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Abstract. Diffusive smoothing of signals on the water stable isotopes (18O and D) in ice sheets fundamentally limits the climatic information retrievable from these ice-core proxies. Past theories explained how, in polycrystalline ice below the firn, fast diffusion in the network of intergranular water veins “short-circuits” the slow diffusion within crystal grains to cause “excess diffusion”, enhancing the rate of signal smoothing above that implied by self-diffusion in ice monocrystals. But the controls of excess diffusion are far from fully understood. Here, modelling shows that water flow

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Alqudah, Ali Mohammad, Shoroq Qazan, and Yusra M. Obeidat. "A novel moving window-based power spectrum features for single-channel EEG classification using machine learning." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 45 (December 20, 2022): e61684. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.61684.

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Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal classification is a crucial and very difficult task. Meanwhile, extracting features that are representative and able to discriminate different types of EEG signals is a complex task. Such features are usually fed to machine learning algorithms to classify the EEG signals based on the extracted features. This paper proposed a highly accurate and real-time features extraction method that can be used to help physicians in detecting different types of seizures and states in EEG signals characterized by a set of features extracted from the power spectrum of the EEG

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Renza, Diego, Dora M. Ballesteros, and Estibaliz Martinez. "Spreading-Based Voice Encryption by Means of OVSF Codes." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010112.

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This paper presents a new methodology to encrypt voice signals, in such a way that they simulate being a noise signal. The objective is to obtain a signal that does not generate suspicions about its content, while protecting the message. The process is based on the spread and scrambling of the signal through the use of OVSF (orthogonal variable spreading factor) codes. The security of the method is based mainly on the input value used for the randomization phase. From a computational cost point of view, the use of fixed-length codes allows for a shorter retrieval time compared to a similar met

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Wu, Yao, Jian Lu, Hong Chen, and Haifei Yang. "Development of an Optimization Traffic Signal Cycle Length Model for Signalized Intersections in China." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/954295.

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The primary objective of this study is to develop an optimization traffic signal cycle length model for signalized intersections. Traffic data were collected from 50 signalized intersections in Xi’an city. Using comprehensive delay data, the optimization cycle length model is re-recalibrated to the Chinese traffic conditions based on the Webster delay model. The result showed that the optimization cycle length model takes vehicle delay time, pedestrian crossing time, and drivers’ anxiety into consideration. To evaluate the effects of the optimization cycle length model, three intersections wer

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Fang, Liying, Lina Guo, Min Zhang, Xianchun Li, and Zhongyuan Deng. "Analysis of Polyadenylation Signal Usage with Full-Length Transcriptome in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Insects 13, no. 9 (2022): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13090803.

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During the messenger RNA (mRNA) maturation process, RNA polyadenylation is a key step, and is coupled to the termination of transcription. Various cis-acting elements near the cleavage site and their binding factors would affect the process of polyadenylation, and AAUAAA, a highly conserved hexamer, was the most important polyadenylation signal (PAS). PAS usage is one of the critical modification determinants targeted at mRNA post-transcription. The full-length transcriptome has recently generated a massive amount of sequencing data, revealing poly(A) variation and alternative polyadenylation

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42

Xiang, Cai Bing, Shao Feng Bian, and Ze Min Wu. "Study on Triple-Antenna KINRTK Problem Using BDS Signal." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 2323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.2323.

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Traditional kinematic baseline resolution usually needs one or more fixed reference station. In some special application, the reference stations could be in motion. In order to determine kinematic baselines in scenarios of moving reference stations and rovers, a KINRTK model is studied by using a baseline length constraint with three antenna configuration. The baseline and integer resolution method are given. A KINRTK experiment is done, using the data collected on ship enroute, the resolved baselines lengths are compared with the predetermined baselines, which show that the KINREK models base

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43

Zhang, Zengmeng, Xing Cheng, Dayong Ning, Jiaoyi Hou, and Yongjun Gong. "Underwater acoustic beacon signal extraction based on dislocation superimposed method." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 2 (2017): 168781401769167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017691671.

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Flight data are recorded in an acoustic beacon. A new signal extraction method led by random decrement technique is proposed to detect sound signals from thousands of meters under the sea. This method involves dislocation superimposed method and cross-correlation function to extract acoustic beacon signals with noise interference. First, the starting point is selected and the length of each segment is determined via two superposition ways. Second, the signal segment for linear superposition is intercepted to complete acoustic beacon signal extraction. Finally, the signals are subjected to cros

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44

Herrera Seitz, M. Karina, Vered Frank, Diego A. Massazza, Ady Vaknin, and Claudia A. Studdert. "Bacterial chemoreceptors of different length classes signal independently." Molecular Microbiology 93, no. 4 (2014): 814–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.12700.

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Havlicek, J. P., G. R. Katz, and J. C. McKeeman. "Even length median filters in optimal signal processing." Electronics Letters 28, no. 13 (1992): 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19920795.

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46

Emonet-Denand, F., CC Hunt, and Y. Laporte. "How Muscle Spindels Signal Changes of Muscle Length." Physiology 3, no. 3 (1988): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1988.3.3.105.

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Information on muscle length is essential for the regulation of posture and movements. This informationis provided to the central nervous system by the sensory endings of the muscle spindles. The primary endings possess a dynamic sensitivity that is much greater jkfor small than for large amplitude changes. This sensitivity is due to the properties of certain intrafusal muscles fibres, the nuclear bag fibres, and their sensory terminals.

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47

Jarreau, Brittney Erin, and Sanichiro Yoshida. "Deep Machine Learning for Path Length Characterization Using Acoustic Diffraction." Applied Sciences 13, no. 5 (2023): 2782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13052782.

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Many fields now perform non-destructive testing using acoustic signals for the detection of objects or features of interest. This detection requires the decision of an experienced technician, which varies from technician to technician. This evaluation becomes even more challenging as the object decreases in size. In this paper, we assess the use of both traditional signal-processing machine learning algorithms, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), as well as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures to approximate acoustic anomalies with an eye toward micro-scale applications such as applicat

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48

Gu, Han-Qing, Xia-Xia Liu, Lu Xu, Yi-Jia Zhang, and Zhe-Ming Lu. "Period Estimation of Spread Spectrum Codes Based on ResNet." Sensors 23, no. 15 (2023): 7002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23157002.

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In order to more effectively monitor and interfere with enemy signals, it is particularly important to accurately and efficiently identify the intercepted signals and estimate their parameters in the increasingly complex electromagnetic environment. Therefore, in non-cooperative situations, it is of great practical significance to study how to accurately detect direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signals in real time and estimate their parameters. The traditional time-delay correlation algorithm encounters the challenges such as peak energy leakage and false peak interference. As an alterna

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49

Zhang, Qianqian, Haochi Pan, Qiuxia Fan, Fujing Xu, and Yulong Wu. "Research on Fault Extraction Method of CYCBD Based on Seagull Optimization Algorithm." Shock and Vibration 2021 (July 8, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8552024.

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Maximum cyclostationarity blind deconvolution (CYCBD) can recover the periodic impulses from mixed fault signals comprised by noise and periodic impulses. In recent years, blind deconvolution has been widely used in fault diagnosis. However, it requires a preset of filter length, and inappropriate filter length may cause the inaccurate extraction of fault signal. Therefore, in order to determine filter length adaptively, a method to optimize CYCBD by using the seagull optimization algorithm (SOA) is proposed in this paper. In this method, the ratio of SNR to kurtosis is used as the objective f

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M. Nasir, Nadia Nurnajihah, Salvinder Singh, Shahrum Abdullah, and Sallehuddin Mohamed Haris. "Accelerating the fatigue analysis based on strain signal using Hilbert–Huang transform." International Journal of Structural Integrity 10, no. 1 (2019): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-06-2018-0032.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the application of Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) for fatigue damage feature characterisation in the time–frequency domain based on strain signals obtained from the automotive coil springs. Design/methodology/approach HHT was employed to detect the temporary changes in frequency characteristics of the vibration response of the signals. The extraction successfully reduced the length of the original signal to 40 per cent, whereas the fatigue damage was retained. The analysis process for this work is divided into three stages: signal characterisation

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