Tesis sobre el tema "Simulation thermodynamique de phases"
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Ammar, Kais. "Modelling and simulation of phase transformation-mechanics coupling using a phase field method". Paris, ENMP, 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00508677.
Texto completoA general constitutive framework is proposed to incorporate linear and nonlinear mechanical behaviour laws (i. G. Elastoviscoplasticity) into a standard phase field model. A finite element formulation of a coupled phase field/diffusion/mechanical problem for alloys is proposed within the general framework of continuum thermodynamics. This formulation is based on the concept of generalized stresses as proposed by Gurtin, where an additional balance equation for generalized stresses, called microforces, associated with the order parameter and its first gradient, is postulated. The formulation is used to simulate the complex morphological evolutions of the heterogeneous microstructures and to describe the diffuse interface between two phases in the presence of the stresses induced by phase transformation. Using the principles of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes, the balance and constitutive equations are clearly separated in the formulation. Also, boundary and initial conditions for the displacement, concentration and order parameter and their dual quantities are clearly stated within the formulation. The theory is shown to be well-suited for a finite element formulation of the initial boundary value problems on nite size specimens with arbitrary geometries and for very general non-periodic or periodic boundary conditions. In the diffuse interface region where both phases coexist, mixture rules taken from homogenization theory are introduced into the formulation. The consequences of the choice of a specific interface behaviour is investigated, with regard to the mechanical effect on phase equilibria (equilibrium compositions and volume fractions of the coexisting phases), as well as on the transformation kinetics. The set of coupled evolution equations, which are the local static equilibrium, the balance of generalized stresses and the balance of mass, is solved using a finite element method for the space discretization and a finite difference method for the temporal discretization. To validate the numerical finite element implementation and to illustrate the ability of the proposed model to handle precipitation together with mechanical contribution effect, some elementary initial boundary value problem in coupled diusion-elasto-plasticity on finite size specimens has been solved and validated against corresponding sharp interface analytical solutions
Hamide, Makhlouf. "Modélisation numérique du soudage à l’arc des aciers". Paris, ENMP, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00317400.
Texto completoWelding is a highly used assembly technique. Welding simulation software would give access to residual stresses and information about the weld's microstructure, in order to evaluate the mechanical resistance of a weld. It would also permit to evaluate the process feasibility when complex geometrical components are to be made, and to optimize the welding sequences in order to minimize defects. This work deals with the numerical modelling of arc welding process of steels. After describing the industrial context and the state of art, the models implemented in TransWeld ( software developed at CEMEF) are presented. The set of macroscopic equations is followed by a discussion on their numerical implementation. Then, the theory of remeshing and our adaptive anisotropic remeshing strategy are explained. Two welding metal addition techniques are investigated and are compared in terms of the joint size and transient temperature and stresses. The accuracy of the finite element model is evaluated based on experimental results and the results of the analytical solution. Comparative analysis between experimental and numerical results allows the assessment of the ability of the numerical code to predict the thermomechanical and metallurgical response of the welded structure. The models limitations and the phenomena identified during this study are finally discussed and permit to define interesting orientations for future developments
Mostafavi, Mehran. "Propriétés thermodynamiques d'agrégats métalliques à faible nombre d'atomes en phase condensée : catalyse de transfert d'électron : simulation du développement photographique". Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112092.
Texto completoMorisseau, François. "Simulations de collisions entre systèmes classiques à N-corps en interactions". Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00108025.
Texto completoD'une part certaines approches théoriques supposent que les phénomènes observés lors des collisions d'ions lourds sont d'origine thermique. Pour notre cas classique, nous montrons qu'au contraire la voie d'entrée y joue un rôle important. De plus, les noyaux en collisions sont censés présenter une transition de phase de type liquid-gaz du premier ordre.
Robert, Yannick. "Simulation numérique du soudage du TA6V par laser YAG impulsionnel : caractérisation expérimentale et modélisation des aspects thermomécanique associés à ce procédé". Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1467.
Texto completoThis work is a part of study which goal is to realize a computer modelling of the thermomechanical phenomena occurring during the YAG pulse laser welding of titanium alloy (TA6V). The filet welding has different heterogeneities (microstructural and mechanical). In fact, the temperature causes microstructural changes (phase transformations, precipitation…) and modifies the mechanical properties. Thermomechanical modelling has thus to be established for the welding of TA6V. In this study, we focus on the identification of the different phase transformations occurring during the welding, during the heating and the cooling. Then we define the conditions for which the mechanical behavior of these different phases has to be characterized in order to obtain the residual stresses and the residual strains of this welded part. A thermometallurgical and mechanical modelling will thus be proposed for the YAG pulse laser welding of TA6V. The behavior of material after laser welding can be described by three fundamental data (field of temperature, metallurgical state and fields of stress/strain). We have identified and modelled the different phenomena and several stages are to be considered : Determination of the metallurgical phase transformations during the deposit of energy and the cooling ; Experimental Characterization of the mechanical behavior of each phase under the purposeful conditions of temperatures and strains ; Modeling of the thermomechanical behavior by a thermo-elasto-viscoplastic law integrating phase transformation, in order to quantify the strains and the residual stresses observed in the assemblies ; Validation of the model with a welding instrumented test
Bonvalet, Manon. "Chemins cinétiques de précipitation dans les solides". Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES034.
Texto completoThe precipitation, which is an important phase transformation in condensed matter physics, has been studied in this PhD thesis. A thermodynamic model accounting for the observed increase of the solute content in coherent precipitates with their size during precipitation kinetics is developed. The model is based on a Gibbs energy minimization criterion. It proves the importance of the elastic and interfacial energies in investigating the thermodynamic stability of coherent nano-precipitates. The reliability of the model is confirmed by experimental results. The precipitation kinetics in multicomponent alloys is treated with a particle size distribution model where analytical equations of nucleation, growth and coalescence are integrated numerically. This powerful numerical tool for the description of kinetic paths is valid for weakly supersaturated solid solutions and is not time consuming. It provides information on complex compositions evolutions during the transformation due to the competition between thermodynamics and diffusion process. This thesis also discusses the concepts and limits of classical nucleation theory. The reliability of the nucleation rate expression is investigated in terms of supersaturation. It is shown that even if a proper trend is obtained, the results are not quantitative since the matrix depletion has not been taken into account. To compare some of our results with experiments, precipitation patterns in the CuAg binary alloy are studied by TEM
Ghesmoune, Mohammed. "Avancement de la méthode de saturations négatives pour les écoulements multi-composants multi-phasiques avec gravité et diffusion". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0031/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis, two problems related to compositional multiphase flow in porous media have been treated. The first part is devoted to develop a new approach which gives a form of equilibrium equations which can be solved analytically even for multi-component non ideal systems and even in the presence of capillary effects, which reduce significantly computational time. In this approach, separate behaviors of gas, liquid and two phase fluid may be described using very simple equations of state (EOS). Capacity of EOS?s to capture two phase state is called: consistency conditions. These conditions are formulated in this part for multi-components systems. The second part is devoted to develop the negative saturations method which was proposed earlier by our group for the case of two-phase binary mixtures. First, we have developed the mathematical theory of the method for ideal mixtures in 1D case. Next, we have generalized the method for the case of any number of phases and chemical components. We have obtained the new equivalent uniform multi-phase equations which contain additional non-classical terms responsible of diffusion and gravity across the interfaces of phase transition
Enzian, Achim. "Modélisation multidimensionnelle du comportement thermodynamique des noyaux de comètes". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10013.
Texto completoBoubaker, Riadh. "Modélisation thermodynamique instationnaire d'une boucle fluide diphasique à pompage capillaire pour la traction ferroviaire : étude du phénomène de changement de phase dans l'évaporateur". Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3031/document.
Texto completoCapillary pumped loop is a two phase device that uses the phase change phenomena occurred in the porous wick to transport large heat loads over long distances (several meters) without the need of any mechanical pump. CPLs have been developed and successfully employed for the thermal control of satellites. Thanks to their heat transport capacity, their use is now seriously considered in the gravity field especially for cooling electronic devices of a railroad traction chain. The work of this thesis focuses on the description of the unsteady thermodynamic behavior of a capillary pumped loop used by Alstom Transport to cool its power electronics components. The first part of the thesis consists to study the key component of CPL: the capillary evaporator. A 2D unsteady mathematical model has been developed to describe the heat and mass transfer inside the porous wick of the CPL evaporator. The numerical results of this model show the formation of a vapor pocket inside the porous wick. The influences of evaporator geometry, liquid subcooling, saturation temperature and wick porosity on the dynamic growth of the vapor pocket are discussed in detail. The second part of this work consists of coupling the CPL evaporator model with other CPL components in order to obtain a global capillary pumped poop model with a mobile liquid/vapor interface in the porous wick. The proposed model is validated by comparing numerical simulations with experimental results obtained in a previous works realized at Alstom Transport. The CPL startup is then studied. Finally, the influences of the applied power, reservoir temperature and heat sink temperature on the dynamic response of the overall loop are analyzed, with a particular interest to the evaporator behavior
Ben, Kaddour Najat. "Propriétés thermodynamiques et non-stoechiométrie du composé YBa2Cu3O7-x". Tours, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOUR4004.
Texto completoOLIVE, ENRICK. "Thermodynamique a l'equilibre et dynamique chaotique dans des systemes de boussoles en interaction dipolaire". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10268.
Texto completoPelletier, Milan. "Diffuse interface models and adapted numerical schemes for the simulation of subcritical to supercritical flows". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC059/document.
Texto completoIn various industrial combustion devices, such as liquid rocket engines at ignition or Diesel engines during the compression stage, the operating point varies over a wide range of pressures. These pressure variations can lead to a change of thermodynamic regime when the critical pressure is exceeded, switching from two-phase injection to transcritical injection. This change modifies the topology of the flow and the mixing, thereby impacting the flame dynamics. The objective of the present Ph.D thesis is to develop an original methodology able to address both subcritical and supercritical flows within the same solver. To achieve this, an extension of the real gas solver AVBP-RG to subcritical two-phase flows is provided, based on diffuse interface models. The required developments for the integration of such models into the finite-element framework of the solver are provided. Multidimensional numerical simulations are led in order to confront the model with experimental data, with which good agreement is observed. These results offer encouraging perspectives regarding further enhancements of the model and applications to complex industrial cases
Lequien, Florence. "Thermodynamique des agrégats bimétalliques : surface, volume et effet de taille finie". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00366428.
Texto completoBadran, Mohamad. "Contribution au développement d'une Nouvelle Approche du Compound Energy Formalism (NACEF)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0109.
Texto completoIn a current context of reducing energy consumption, it is necessary in many industrial fields to develop new materials such as multi-compound metal alloys. Their characterization in a purely experimental way quickly becomes impossible to realize, digital simulation tools become unavoidable. As such, the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagram) approach is the most appropriate numerical tool for thermodynamic processing of multi-constituent systems. This is a semi-empirical method for describing the Gibbs energies of the phases of a system by mathematical functions by adjusting certain parameters from a set of information relating to the equilibrium phase or the thermodynamic and structural properties. Based on the sublattice model, Compound Energy Formalism (CEF) is widely used in CALPHAD modeling to describe Gibbs energy of phases that have multiple sublattices. The work presented in this dissertation is a contribution to the development of a New Approach to Compound Energy Formalism (NACEF) that aims to increase its potential. In this thesis, the new NACEF approach is presented in the case of multi-subnet binary phases with anti-site defects. We applied NACEF in the modeling of 2 binary systems in order to demonstrate its potential and in particular its ability to make model simplifications compatible. This is the Fe-Nb system in which the Laves C14 phase has been described by the 3-sublattice model and the Co-Cr system where the σ phase has been modeled with 5 sublattices. In the last chapter, we propose an extrapolation method based on NACEF which allows to obtain an estimate of the energies of the ordered configurations of a multi-constituted phase from those of the binary configurations. The results obtained on many systems in the case of the C14 and σ phases indicate a strong correlation between the extrapolated values and those obtained by DFT
Liu, Xiaomeng. "Study on composition dependent phase stability of Ni50MnxIn50-x shape memory alloys by ab-initio simulation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0050.
Texto completoA series of first-principle calculations to discover the martensitic transition of the Ni-Mn-In alloys were implemented using the pseudopotential method by VASP and the full charge density method by EMTO-CPA within the framework of the Density Functional Theory (DFT). In the stoichiometric Ni50Mn25In25 alloy, the effect of effective Coulomb and exchange parameters (U + J) on the phase stability, structural and magnetic properties was studied. The lattice parameters and the phase stability vary with the U and J couplings in the cubic L21 austenite. However, the bandgap is still showing metallic bonding in the cubic Ni50Mn25In25 alloy. To figure out the effect of excess Mn atoms on the preference of the martensite structure, the tetragonal distortion was employed in the off-stoichiometric Ni50MnxIn50-x alloys with different Mn contents. The calculations were conducted with the optimization of the magnetic structure, where the stoichiometric Ni50Mn25In25 alloy was served as the reference. The ground state-energy-resolved tetragonal distortion reveals that the excess Mn changes the preferred stable structure from the perfect cubic L21 structure to the tetragonally distorted structures. Furthermore, to find out more accurate preference of the martensite structure, the formation energies were calculated. The results show that, the orthorhombic structure is preferred at lower Mn concentrations (between 29 at. % and 40 at. %), whereas the tetragonal L10 structure is more stable at the higher Mn concentrations (above 40 at. %). Moreover, the effect of the Mn concentration on the magnetic properties was also studied. With the increase of the excess Mn content, the magnetic moment increases linearly in the ferromagnetic cubic L21 structure, whereas it varies in the two kinds of martensite. The excess Mn could lead to the coexistence of ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism. The appearance of the antiferromagnetism could be attributed to the Ni-Mn antiferromagnetic interaction in the tetragonal martensite. Furthermore, the effects of Mn concentration and thermally excited contributions (including the vibrational, electronic excitation and magnetic contributions) on the phase stability of austenite and martensite from 0 K to finite temperatures in Heusler type Ni50MnxIn50-x shape memory alloys were also studied. Results show that at 0 K, the energy differences between the non-modulated (NM) martensite and the austenite become negative when extra Mn is added, indicating that the added Mn stabilizes the martensite and promotes martensitic transformation. At finite temperatures, the three thermal contributions (the vibrational, electronic excitation and magnetic contributions) were further calculated based on the equilibrium structure at 0 K. It was revealed that the vibrational entropies of the two phases increase with the increase of the temperature for all Mn contents. Under the two effects (temperature and Mn-content), the austenite has a larger vibrational entropy than the martensite, which indicates that the vibrational entropy contributes to promoting the martensitic transition. The Mn content and the temperature show a similar influence on the electronic entropies of the two phases. And the magnetic moments increase linearly with the Mn content, however, the influence of temperature is relatively small. Above 100 K, the magnetic moment of the austenite is higher than that of the martensite in ferromagnetic Ni50Mn29.25In20.75 alloy, suggesting that the magnetic entropy makes a similar contribution to promote the martensitic transformation, like the vibrational and electronic excitation entropies. The present work provides fundamental knowledge to understand the martensitic transition of off-stoichiometric Ni50MnxIn50-x alloys, which could be used for the design of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys with improved functional performances
Sikorav, Laurence. "Evaluation du systéme Nb-Ti-Al + Si : influence de la composition chimique et du dopage au silicium sur les transformations de phase". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066527/document.
Texto completoNiobium based refractory intermetallic alloys are considered as having great potentials for high temperature applications based on a good balance of high temperature strength and low-temperature damage tolerance. Moreover this family of alloys also exhibits a high melting point and a low density; hence they are good candidates for low pressure turbine blade applications over the temperature range of 800–1000 °C. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition changes, especially the O-Ti2AlNb phase precipitation and the silicon addition effects on the microstructures and high temperature mechanical properties. This study starts with a first prospective on the chemical compositions of alloys showing the highest potential for applications wanted. The studied alloys show a good balance between the ductility at room temperature induced by titanium which stopped the fragile intermetallic d-Nb3Al precipitation; and a high niobium content to maintain good high temperature mechanical properties. Two alloys are doped with 1 %at Si to improve high temperature strength and keep an acceptable ductility at room temperature. The result indicates on the more promising alloy chemical composition. We also investigate the influence of aluminum and silicon content on phase transformation. The system is reinforced by chemical ordering A2 ? B2, by solid solution or by precipitation hardening of O-Ti2AlNb. The kinetic of precipitation of this O-Ti2AlNb relied on the chemical composition. In particular, the addition of silicon enlarges the O-Ti2AlNb precipitation domain and accelerates the kinetic of precipitation
Chen, Danying. "Revêtements multicouches à base de nitrure d'aluminium pour les récepteurs des systèmes solaires à concentration". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI079.
Texto completoThere is an increasing interest for concentrated solar power (CSP) systems which can work at temperatures higher than 1000 °C to optimize efficiency. One of the challenges is to design the receiver that will be heated at high temperature in air. Compared to coatings in gas turbine engine, the coating(s)/substrate system must have a high thermal conductivity to ensure a good heat transfer to the fluid. Aluminum nitride (AlN) coating, deposited by chemical vapor deposition at 1100-1200 °C at a growth rate of 10-50 µm·h-1, is selected for its high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature stability and its ability to develop stable alumina scales above 1000 °C. Molybdenum-based alloys are selected as substrate materials for their excellent thermal and mechanical properties. The alumina-forming iron-based alloys are also chosen as model substrates to reduce the influencing parameters in real-life receivers and to study the potential of these coatings. Accelerated cyclic oxidation tests and emissivity measurements allow the evaluation of AlN coatings as materials for high temperature CSP receivers. The multilayered systems exhibit low degradation after hundreds of thermal cycles at 800 °C in air and can support higher temperatures (1100 °C) for 100 to 500 h depending on the coating thickness. Nevertheless, the fast cyclic oxidation in solar furnace leads to cracks through the coatings. An analytical model is developed to study the stress evolution within the coating(s)/substrate system. Calculated results are in good agreement with experimental data. The measurements of the optical properties reveal a decrease of absorptivity after oxidation for AlN coatings, but a significant increase of absorptivity when SiC coating is added as a top layer
Adjanor, Gilles. "Modélisation thermodynamique des verres nucléaires : coexistence entre phases amorphes /". [Gif-sur-Yvette] : [CEA Saclay, Direction des systèmes d'information], 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41030089t.
Texto completoLa couv. et la p. de titre portent en plus : "Direction de l'énergie nucléaire" Bibliogr. p. 203-213. Résumé en français et en anglais.
Adjanor, Gilles. "Modélisation thermodynamique des verres nucléaires : coexistence entre phases amorphes". Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112285.
Texto completoInvestigating the stability of borosilicate glasses used in the nuclear industry with respect to phase separation requires to estimate the Gibbs free energies of the various phases appearing in the material. In simulation, using current computational resources, a direct state-sampling of a glassy system with respect to its ensemble statistics is not ergodic and the estimated ensemble averages are not reliable. Our approach consists in generating, at a given cooling rate, a serie of quenches, or paths connecting states of the liquid to states of the glass, and then in taking into account the probability to generate the paths leading to the different glassy states in ensembles averages. In this way, we introduce a path ensemble formalism and calculate a Landau free energy associated to a glassy metabasin. This method was validated by accurately mapping the free energy landscape of a 38-atom glassy cluster. We then applied this approach to the calculation of the Gibbs free energies of binary amorphous Lennard-Jones alloys, and checked the correlation between the observed tendencies to order or to phase separate and the computed Gibbs free energies. We finally computed the driving force to phase separation in a simplified three-oxide nuclear glass modeled by a Born-Mayer-Huggins potential that includes a three-body term, and we compared the estimated quantities to the available experimental data
Omari, Hanane. "Théorie thermodynamique des phases incommensurables dans (TMA)ZnCl et RbZnCl". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600134z.
Texto completoEl, Boujaddaini Mohamed Najib. "Modélisation et étude expérimentale du comportement thermo hydraulique des fluides frigoporteurs diphasiques". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ISAL0019.
Texto completoThis work concerns the experimental investigation and modelling of the thermo hydraulic behaviour of a new Iwo-phase secondary refrigerant, the paraffin slurry, flowing through a rectangular channel of a heat plate exchanger type. The paraffin slurries are made of millimetric bullets of paraffin, stabilized in an organic porous polymeric matrix, in suspension in water serving as a carrying fluid. The paraffin particles used contain 75% of paraffin called NORPAR®15 and 25% of a tri-block polymer of styrene with High Molecular Weight (HMW). The experimental results generated by the heat balances on the test sections of the experimental setup built in the Thermal Center of Lyon (CETHIL), highlight an important increase of the heat transfer coefficient, due to the particles presence in the carrying fluid. For a laminar flow of the paraffin slurry in the cold channel, an average multiplication by 1 .25 to 1.5 of the global heat transfer coefficient compared to the single-phase fluid was recorded for particles mass fractions of 6 to 12%. By regression of the experimental results, correlations for the local and average Nusselt number calculation for the laminar flows are proposed. The particularity of the presented correlations is their validity in the case of a pure fluid as we\l as for a two-phase fluid containing so\id particles. A model for the hydraulic and thermal behaviours studies of a Iwo-phase secondary refrigerant fluid during its cooling in laminar flow through a rectangular channel was developed it is based on the mixture model and to king the slip velocity into account. The evolution of the experimental and theoretical values for the fluid average temperature, the heat flow which crosses the walls and the heat transfer coefficient between the wall and fluid shows good agreement and the model is satisfactory since the variations never exceed 14%
Messaoudi, Salim. "Approches thermodynamique et expérimentale de la nitruration des aciers". Perpignan, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PERP0472.
Texto completoAmong the various processes that are available to nitride iron alloys, the thermal nitriding process which uses NH3/H2 mixtures is extremely attractive as it allows controlling the nature of the nitride formed. However, this process is still difficult to control in a reproducible way. In the present work, we used thermodynamic calculations to predict the nature of the phases formed under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions as a function of the nitriding potential: rN = PNH3/(PH2)3/2. Those results were favourably compared to our experimental results. We developed an original method to localise the border between phases as a function of rN
Chaussadent, Thierry. "Etude thermodynamique des équilibres entre phases du système AlCl3-NaCl-Al2O3". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596634g.
Texto completoBoudjlida, Khaled. "Méthodes d’optimisation numérique pour le calcul de stabilité thermodynamique des phases". Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3025/document.
Texto completoThe thermodynamic phase equilibrium modelling is an essential issue for petroleum and process engineering. Phase stability analysis is a highly important problem among phase equilibrium calculations. The stability computation establishes whether a given mixture is in one or several phases. If a mixture splits into two or more phases, the stability calculations provide valuables initialisation sets for the flash calculations, and allow the validation of multiphase flash calculations. The phase stability problem is solved as an unconstrained minimisation of the tangent plan distance (TPD) function to the Gibbs free energy surface. A phase is thermodynamically stable if the TPD function is non-negative at all its stationary points, while a negative value indicates an unstable case. The TPD surface is non-convex and may be highly non-linear in the compositional space; for this reason, phase stability calculation may be extremely difficult for certain conditions, mainly within the vicinity of singularities. One can distinguish two types of singularities: (i) the stability test limit locus (STLL), and (ii) the intrinsic limit of stability (spinodal). Geometrically, the TPD surface exhibits a saddle point, corresponding to a non-trivial (at the STLL) or trivial solution (at the spinodal). In the immediate vicinity of these singularities, the number of iterations of all minimisation methods increases dramatically, and divergence could occur. This inconvenient is more severe for the STLL than for the spinodal. The work presented herein is structured as follow: (i) after the introduction to the concept of tangent plan distance to the Gibbs free energy surface, several iterative methods (gradient, acceleration methods, second-order Newton and quasi-Newton) are presented, and their behaviour analysed, especially near singularities. (ii) following the analysis of Hessian matrix eigenvalues and conditioning, of problem scaling, as well as of the TPD surface representation, the solution of phase stability computation using modified objective functions is adopted. The latter are chosen in such a manner that any stationary point of the TPD function becomes a global minimum of the modified function; at the STLL, the Hessian matrix is no more indefinite, but positive definite. This leads to a better scheme of convergence as will be shown in various examples for synthetic and naturally occurring mixtures. Finally, (iii) the so-called Tunneling global optimization method is used for the stability analysis. This method consists in destroying the minima already found (by placing poles), and to tunnel to another valley of the modified objective function to find a new minimum with a smaller value of the objective function. The process is resumed when criteria for the global minimum are fulfilled. Several carefully chosen examples demonstrate the robustness and the efficiency of the Tunneling method to minimize the TPD function, as well as the modified objective functions
Chaussadent, Thierry. "Etude thermodynamique des équilibres entre phases du système AlCl3-NaCl-Al2O3". Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO10086.
Texto completoAharoune, Ahmed. "Thermodynamique de la relaxation structurale de phases amorphes en régime anisotherme". Nancy 1, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1991_0253_AHAROUNE.pdf.
Texto completoMartin, Petitfrere. "EOS based simulations of thermal and compositional flows in porous media". Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3036/document.
Texto completoThree to four phase equilibrium calculations are in the heart of tertiary recovery simulations. In gas/steam injection processes, additional phases emerging from the oil-gas system are added to the set and have a significant impact on the oil recovery. The most important computational effort in many chemical process simulators and in petroleum compositional reservoir simulations is required by phase equilibrium and thermodynamic property calculations. In field scale reservoir simulations, a huge number of phase equilibrium calculations is required. For all these reasons, the algorithms must be robust and time-saving. In the literature, few simulators based on equations of state (EoS) are applicable to thermal recovery processes such as steam injection. To the best of our knowledge, no fully compositional thermal simulation of the steam injection process has been proposed with extra-heavy oils; these simulations are essential and will offer improved tools for predictive studies of the heavy oil fields. Thus, in this thesis different algorithms of improved efficiency and robustness for multiphase equilibrium calculations are proposed, able to handle conditions encountered during the simulation of steam injection for heavy oil mixtures. Most of the phase equilibrium calculations are based on the Newton method and use conventional independent variables. These algorithms are first investigated and different improvements are proposed. Michelsen’s (Fluid Phase Equil. 9 (1982) 21-40) method for multiphase-split problems is modified to take full advantage of symmetry (in the construction of the Jacobian matrix and the resolution of the linear system). The reduction methods enable to reduce the space of study from nc (number of components) for conventional variables to M (M<
Haouas, Ammar. "Cinetique d'oxydation du monoxyde de carbone sur des catalyseurs cuo sno::(2) : etude physicochimique et simulation informatique". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066654.
Texto completoKhamkhami, Jamal El. "Désordre d'orientation dans les matériaux moléculaires : dynamique et structure des phases plastiques du norbornadiène : structure et thermodynamique sous-pression des phases ferro- et paraélectriques du polyfluorure de vinylidène-trifluoroéthylène)". Lille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL10166.
Texto completoBenlaharche, Tewfik Vilasi Michel Fiorani Jean-Marc. "Étude et modélisation thermodynamique du système Mo-Pt-Si". S. l. : Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2008_0036_BENLAHARCHE.pdf.
Texto completoDelhorme, Maxime. "Thermodynamics and Structure of Plate-Like Particle Dispersions". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818964.
Texto completoMagnier, Dominique. "Structure et thermodynamique de cristaux mixtes de cyano et chloroadamantane". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599329s.
Texto completoJarry, Philippe. "Thermodynamique et rhéologie des silicates fondus". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066189.
Texto completoFoulon, Michel. "Les phases cristallines des adamantanes 1-substitués (plastiques, ordonnées, vitreuses) : thermodynamique, structures, mouvements moléculaires". Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10216.
Texto completoOmari, Hanane. "Théorie thermodynamique des phases incommensurables dans (TMA)(2)ZnC1(4) et Rb(2)ZnC1(4)". Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS022.
Texto completoRai͏̈s, Adiba. "Contribution à l'étude thermodynamique du système : Y2O3-BaO-CuOx". Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11027.
Texto completoSalles, Katia Teixeira da Silva de la. "Approche thermodynamique et cinétique de l'extraction à deux phases aqueuses à l'aide de tensioactifs non ioniques". Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT015G.
Texto completoFoulon, Michel. "Les Phases cristallines des adamantanes 1 substitués (plastiques, ordonnées, vitreuses) thermodynamique, structures, mouvements moléculaires /". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376051794.
Texto completoDennison, Matthew. "Theory and simulation of liquid crystalline phases". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505411.
Texto completoJanghorban, Amin. "Etude thermodynamique et structurale du système Ce-Pt". Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00498847.
Texto completoGastineau, Fabrice. "La thermodynamique et la dynamique de la version étendue du modèle de Nambu-Jona-Lasinio". Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2041.
Texto completoNguyen, Huynh Dong. "Modélisation thermodynamique de mélanges symétriques et asymétriques de composés polaires oxygénés et/ou aromatiques par GC-SAFT". Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA132003.
Texto completoThe main goal of this study is an as predictive as possible modeling of liquid-vapor and/or liquid-liquid phase equilibria of mixtures containing more or less complex polar compounds of interest for petroleum industry. The model used is based on a SAFT equation of state combined with a group contribution method proposed by Tamouza (GC-SAFT). GC-SAFT has been extended here to polar compounds (Theory of Twu and Gubbins extended to chain molecules by the 'segment approach' of Jog and Chapman). Pure prediction (kij=lij=0) systematic tests of the model have been performed on a large number of mixtures of aromatics, alcohols, esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones and various hydrocarbons. A new group contribution has also been proposed in order to evaluate the kij binary interaction parameter in the case of mixtures containing some specific small molecules as CO2, CH4, C2H6, H2S, N2, CO, CH4O and O2. This method is based on the London theory of dispersive intermolecular forces and uses only pure species parameters. Polar GC-SAFT has been also tested on systems containing multi-functional compounds as diesters, aromatic esters, aromatiques ethers and alkyl phenols. More than 650 mixtures have been considered. Average deviations on bubble pressure are about 5% which can be considered quite acceptable for a predictive method
Yackow, Angeles. "Influence des transitions d’ordre sur les propriétés thermodynamiques des fluides pétroliers". Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1413.
Texto completoThe current trends of research in petroleum thermodynamics want to replace PVT measurements by predictions made with the help of special thermodynamic models. However, these models cannot always be directly applied : their model parameters need to be adjust fluid by fluid. This phenomena cannot be explained without taking into account the hydrocarbon matrix physics. The purpose of this project is to study the hydrocarbon matrix physics and their order transitions or the changes in the molecular organisation within the hydrocarbon phase. These transitions might be responsible for different phenomena such as atypical critical point links, different MMP (Minimal Miscibility Pressure) for similar fluids or supercritical segregations. Moreover, the hydrocarbon structure changes might also influence the swelling ratios and the sedimentation of hydrocarbon solids. These order transitions do not occur in simple systems (a system with few known constituents), that is why this work was done with a real petroleum fluid database
Malherbe, Jean-Guillaume. "Structure et thermodynamique des suspensions colloidales, modeles et simulation". Paris 12, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA120052.
Texto completoAfzal, Waheed. "Equilibres de phases des systèmes glycol-gaz naturel". Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENMP1651.
Texto completoN the awake of demand for natural gas products, the gas industry has to exploit reserves having more and more acid gases. In the meanwhile, a great emphasis has been laid down on environmental protection because of both ‘customer requirements' and promulgation of stringent legislations. The industry is also required to develop an all-around strategy to improve the processing and capacity by adopting energy conservation practices, cutting short material losses, minimizing wastages, and decreasing the environmental impact of its processes. The engineering solutions of these problems require reliable phase equilibrium information of systems containing natural gas components, production chemicals (inhibitors for gas hydrate, corrosion, et foaming, etc. ) and solvents used for gas purifications (amines, glycols, etc. ) in order to develop and extend thermodynamic models. These models can be used for process design and optimization. The current work is devoted to study phase equilibria of various systems containing sulfur species (COS, H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons, and glycol aqueous solutions. The major task of the study is to provide the necessary reliable “vapor-liquid” equilibrium data, whereas, extension of a suitable thermodynamic model, capable of handling complex fluids with strong hydrogen bonding abilities, (like Cubic-Plus-Association equation of state) is another important objective of the study
Berche, Alexandre. "Contribution à l'étude thermodynamique du système Lanthane - Magnésium - Zinc (La-Mg-Zn)". Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30084.
Texto completoThe La-Mg-Zn alloys, due to their density, could be used as structural materials for the transport industry. The evolution of the stability of phases with respect to temperature has thus to be perfectly known. Since the phase diagram of this system has been elsewhere scarcely studied so far, the purpose of this work was to reinvestigate it. Thus, many alloys were prepared and characterized under controlled atmosphere. X ray diffraction and microprobe analysis were performed to identify the phases. The formation enthalpies were determinedby calorimetry and compared to thoses calculated by DFT. The evolution of the equilibrium with the temperatures were identified by DTA - 1500K. This large number of new and coherent data on the La-Mg-Zn system makes possible the thermodynamic assessment of the phase diagram and may help the developpment of future industrial alloys
Moustahfid, Hassan y Marie-Jeanne Philippe. "Détermination des textures de la phase [beta] à haute température de produits TA6V à partir des orientations individuellles de la phase alpha à basse température : applications à l'étude des changements de textures induits par changement de phase après traitements thermomécaniques". Metz, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1996/Moustahfid.Hassan.SMZ9610.pdf.
Texto completoThe first part of this work describes an indirect method for the determination of the beta phase texture at high temperature. In a second part of this work, this method was used in order to study the changes in texture generated by the beta (b. C. C. )>alpha (h. C. ) phase tranformation after variuous thermal or thermomecanical treatments. We have shown that the orientation of a given beta grain at high temperature can be determined by correlation of the orientations of the inherited alpha plates obtained from the transformation of this grain. These individual orientations were determined by the E. B. S. P. Technique. This method was also used to charactérise the beta phase texture at high temperature. The texture was relatively pronounced and showed two major components after thermal treatment in the beta or in the alpha + beta fields. In the case of plastic deformation at high temperature, the texture exhibits a third orientation characterised by the following Euler's angles : (0°, 0°, 45°). From the high temperature beta texture, we have simulated the low temperature alpha texture, using a model without any variant selection. Comparing the simulated and the experimental textures of the alpha phase, we have shown that after thermal treatment in the beta domain, the beta > alpha transformation occurs without variant selection. On the contrary, a variant selection takes place in the case of the thermal treatment in the alpha+beta domain as well as in the case of the sample deformed in the beta field. In the last part of this work, we have tested several assumptions, to explain the physical mechanisms responsible for the variant selection after deformation in the beta domain. Thus, we have shown that the variant selection is associated with the {110}<111> and {112}<111> gliding systems which are the most active during the plastic deformation of the beta phase
Benlaharche, Tewfik. "Étude et modélisation thermodynamique du système Mo-Pt-Si". Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10036/document.
Texto completoThe study on the Mo-Pt-Si system contributes to the knowledge of complex metal alloy, which are intended for applications at high temperatures in the aerospace or glass industries. Its thermodynamic description is difficult because its refractory character related to the presence of the molybdenum and to its complexity due to the high number of the constituents (3 elements). Only an approach of problem by a modelling thermodynamics of CALPHAD type gives to a significant result. As imposes the establishment of a modelling of a ternary system by the study of three binary borders, the first part of this work was devoted to the study of Pt-Si, Mo-Pt and Mo-Si systems. Along with the optimization, an experimental measurements used in this study (X-ray, thermal analysis, microprobe,….) allowed to determine the equilibria phases, the enthalpies of formation of the various intermetallic compounds as well as the structural mechanisms responsible for large domains of stability observed for some phases. The first approach of the Mo-Pt-Si ternary system obtained from the database including the binary optimisations, allowed to interpret the experiments of controls of equilibria phases in isotherm and anisotherm conditions. A new ternary silicide was discovered and took into account in calculation. Finally, through many examples we show the agreement of the modelling with all experimental data
Achrayah, Ridouan. "Stabilité thermodynamique des phases cristallines et quasi-cristallines bi-dimensionnelles de suspensions colloïdales mono-disperses". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211927.
Texto completoGospodinova, Maya. "Contribution à l'étude thermodynamique du système ternaire Fe-Ti-B du côté riche en Fe". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI008.
Texto completoTo answer the imperatives of reduction of CO2 emissions, an objective of 20% weight lightening of automotive vehicles must be reached. Developing such innovative Fe-TiB2 composites of a great industrial interest could be a promising answer because it allows to improving the rigidity of the steel while decreasing its density. The development of such products requires a good knowledge of the thermodynamics of phase equilibria in the studied systems. This thesis is devoted to thermodynamic study of this new family of steel matrix composite Fe-TiB2 and particularly to the establishment of liquid/solid and solid/solid phase equilibria in the iron richer side of the ternary Fe-Ti-B system as well as to the definition of the stability domain of the titanium diboride in the Fe-Ti-B solutions. This task was performed by a coupled approach consisting in specific experiments (electromagnetic separation of phases, differential thermal analysis, phase equilibria) and thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria