Artículos de revistas: "Sociology of journalism"

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Anderson, C. W. "The Sociology of the Professions and the Problem of Journalism Education." Radical Teacher 99 (May 28, 2014): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/rt.2014.108.

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As part of this special issue on the occupations and the sociology of the professions, this article probes how the complexities of journalism's professional status play out in pedgagically in the classroom. The author argues that the current turmoil in journalism, and in journalism education, cannot be attributed to technology alone or economics alone but are a part of a deeper, older professional uncertainty amongst journalists. The author concludes wth an argument that the liberal arts should play a greater role in the education of 21st century journalists.

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2

Majstorović, Dunja, and Dina Vozab. "The transformation of normative approaches to journalism in Croatian academic literature from socialism to post-socialism." Politička misao 58, no. 2 (2021): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.58.2.01.

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This paper shows changes in the normative expectations of journalism through‎ an analysis of articles published in Croatian scientific journals about journalism‎ in three time periods: socialism, the transition period, and the period of‎ democratic consolidation. Using qualitative content analysis we identify a‎ total of fifteen themes related to journalism (journalistic norms, regulation,‎ sensationalism, investigative journalism, journalism and PR, organizational‎ aspects, war reporting, technological aspects, gender and journalism, media‎ freedom, democratic aspects, economic aspects, journalism education, the‎ function of journalism in a political system, and the history of journalism) and‎ nine normative roles for journalists ( gatekeeper, social-political worker, public‎ sphere promoter, watchdog, commercial role, emancipatory role, neutral‎ disseminator, advocacy role, defender of democracy). We used quantitative‎ content analysis to analyze the distribution of themes and roles. The results‎ show no unambiguous perception of journalism in academic papers during the‎ different time periods as is generally assumed in the literature on ‎media democratization and the media in transitional countries in general.

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3

Cooper, Geoff, and Mary Ebeling. "Epistemology, Structure and Urgency: The Sociology of Financial and Scientific Journalists." Sociological Research Online 12, no. 3 (2007): 86–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1558.

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This paper, which examines the work of journalists in one field, argues for the value of including journalists’ own understandings and practices in analyses of the role of the media. Moreover it suggests that, in this field, there may be more commonalities between the practices of journalism and social science than is commonly supposed. The paper is based upon a set of interviews with scientific and financial journalists, covering their interpretations of nanotechnologies and their development. Whereas much of the social scientific work to date in this area has been concerned with the public understanding of science, and the role that journalism plays in relation to this, our study addresses the parallel issue of how, in a field characterised by high levels of commercialisation, potential investors get information and make judgments about particular applications, and the extent to which journalism plays a key role in this process. Here, we focus not primarily on the ways in which the media frame understandings of a complex technology, important though they may be, but on the practical epistemological strategies that journalists employ to make sense of it. We argue that journalists can be seen to be engaged in epistemological strategies that are analogous to those of sociologists, and that this dimension is too easily missed by approaches that, for example, recommend that the correct unit of analysis should always be journalism rather than journalists. We conclude by suggesting that, whilst the general applicability of our argument to other fields of journalism is necessarily an empirical question, our approach may have more general significance for debates about the critical role of social science.

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4

Moritz, Brian. "The Story Versus the Stream: Digital Media’s Influence on Newspaper Sports Journalism." International Journal of Sport Communication 8, no. 4 (2015): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2015-0071.

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This study examined contemporary daily sports journalism through the lenses of media sociology and new institutional theory. In-depth interviews with 25 sports journalists (reporters and editors) identified the institutionalized norms, values, practices, and routines of American sports journalism; demonstrated how that institutionalization affects story selection; and showed how the profession is changing due to digital and social media. The interviews show that although traditional sports journalism is highly institutionalized, digital sports journalism is far less so. Traditional sports journalism is still centered around a story, and digital sports journalism follows Robinson’s journalism-as-process model. The journalists interviewed are expected to perform acts of both traditional and digital journalism during the same workday, which leads to tension in how they do their jobs.

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5

Sternberg, Jason. "Review: The Sociology of Journalism." Media International Australia 91, no. 1 (1999): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909100125.

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6

Rodrigues, Joselinda Maria, and Francisco Gilson Rebouças Porto Junior. "ENSINO E FORMAÇÃO EM JORNALISMO: POR QUE INSISTIR NO ENSINO DE SOCIOLOGIA?" Aturá - Revista Pan-Amazônica de Comunicação 3, no. 3 (2019): 146–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2526-8031.2019v3n3p146.

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O ensino de sociologia nos cursos de comunicação e jornalismo tem sido criticado, removido e perde espaço nos espaços formativos. Nesse cenário, a pesquisa qualitativa e documental, base desse artigo, sobre o ensino de sociologia, aconteceu entre 10 docentes, 05 de universidades brasileiras e 05 de universidades portuguesa. Procedeu do exame dos projetos pedagógicos dos cursos de comunicação e jornalismo de 02 universidades brasileiras e 05 universidades portuguesas; da pesquisa dos programas da disciplina sociologia para verificar se o enfoque que é dado nos três campos das ciências sociais se devia a especificidades das próprias universidades e se sofriam interferências internas e externas, e da verificação da metodologia de ensino da sociologia cruzando as bibliografias utilizadas, antes e depois das novas Diretrizes Curriculares de Jornalismo (no Brasil) e do Processo de Bolonha (em Portugal), com o objetivo de entender as escolhas bibliográficas de autores clássicos e contemporâneos.   Palavras-chave: Ensino. Sociologia. Comunicação. Jornalismo.   ABSTRACT  The teaching of sociology in the courses of communication and journalism has been criticized, removed and loses space in the training spaces. In this scenario, the qualitative and documentary research, the basis of this article, in the teaching of sociology, was carried out among 10 professors, 05 from Brazilian universities and 05 from Portuguese ones. Proceeded to examine the pedagogical projects of communication and journalism courses of 02 Brazilian universities and 05 Portuguese universities; of the research of the programs of the sociology discipline to verify if the approach that takes place in the three fields of the social sciences was due to the specificities of the universities themselves and if they suffered internal and external interferences and the verification of the methodology of teaching of sociology crossing the bibliographies used, before and after the new curriculum Journalism Guidelines (in Brazil) and the Bologna Process (in Portugal), in order to understand the options literature of classical and contemporary authors.  Keywords: Teaching. Sociology. Communication. Journalism.

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7

Eldridge, Scott A. "“Thank god for Deadspin”: Interlopers, metajournalistic commentary, and fake news through the lens of “journalistic realization”." New Media & Society 21, no. 4 (2018): 856–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444818809461.

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Interlopers are a class of digital-peripheral journalists and outlets who position their work as journalism, but who have struggled to be recognized as such. While we have long acknowledged journalism’s place online, as digital-peripheral journalists interlopers face challenges when it comes to appreciating their work as news and their contributions as journalism. This article argues their contributions warrant further evaluation as the journalistic field continues to confront change and engage new approaches to journalism, and as interlopers continue to produce news. Using Deadspin’s coverage of the Sinclair Broadcast Group as an exemplar of such contributions, this article details an approach which accounts for interlopers’ unique approaches to news, locating in broader news discourse measures of “journalistic realization” as a legitimating discourse. Its findings tentatively suggest a weakening of historically hardened boundaries between journalism’s core and its periphery, and argue for continued, nuanced exploration of the nature of the journalistic field.

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8

Löffelholz, Martin, and Liane Rothenberger. "Eclectic continuum, distinct discipline or sub-domain of communication studies? Theoretical considerations and empirical findings on the disciplinarity, multidisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity of journalism studies." Brazilian Journalism Research 7, no. 1 (2011): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/bjr.v7n1.2011.303.

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Is journalism studies a sub-domain of communication studies, adistinct discipline, a multidisciplinary merger or a transdisciplinary endeavour? This question is discussed by analyzing the 2008 and2009 volumes of seven academic journals focusing on journalismresearch. The sample includes 349 articles published in BrazilianJournalism Research, Ecquid Novi, Journalism & CommunicationMonographs, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, PacificJournalism Review, Journalism Studies, or Journalism: Theory,Practice and Criticism. Overall, the findings reveal that journalismresearch mainly applies theoretical approaches and empiricalmethods deriving from other disciplines, particularly sociology, psychology or cultural studies. In many countries, however, journalism studies has reached a comparatively high level of institutionalization indicated by the large number of specific schools, professorships, professional associations and respective academic journals. In conclusion, we argue that journalism studies is a sub-domain of communication studies, which integrates andtranscends various disciplines aiming to become one of the axialsubjects of the 21st century.

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9

Susska, Olga. "Institutionality vs prosperity: Changes in the media landscape and methodological gaps in the sociology of mass communications." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm 2019 (1) (March 22, 2019): 56–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2019.01.056.

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The paper focuses on the current understanding of institutional nature intrinsic to communicative relations in the mass media. These relations have an asymmetrical status marked by non-antagonistic confrontation with regard to a new status of privacy-agency. The latter is characterised by self-sufficiency and prosperity, which is illustrated by “participatory journalism”. This confrontation takes place in professional journalism as well, whose agents (in particular, members of the National Union of Journalists of Ukraine) have their own, sometimes rather divergent views on the understanding of processes occurring now in the media-communicative space. Being blocked by the owners’ instructions, these subordinate media are unable to facilitate the development of democratic levers in society. As for violence against journalists, it has been driven by the opposition of the institutionalised communicator to a new status known as a “personified entity”, which is not subject to any authority. The author researches into the particularities of the journalist community’s perception and awareness of changes occurring in the behaviour of media audiences, position of the media themselves in today’s society and the nature of prospective relationships between the institutionalised communicator and journalists. The former (despite trying to preserve asymmetry in the media-communicative space) is gradually acknowledging the presence of new personified entities and their success in building symmetrical communicative relationships and formulating relevant principles of information exchange in the present-day mass media.

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10

Gans, Herbert J. "Sociology and Journalism: A Comparative Analysis." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 47, no. 1 (2017): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306117744794.

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11

Belair-Gagnon, Valerie. "News on the fly: journalist-audience online engagement success as a cultural matching process." Media, Culture & Society 41, no. 6 (2018): 757–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443718813473.

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Looking at web analytics in newsrooms, journalism studies scholarship has explored the notion of success in using web analytics and metrics in measuring journalist-audience engagement. Scholars have looked at the role of organizational structures, cognition, and emotion in defining success with analytics. This article analyzes how journalists interpret journalist-audience engagement success using web analytics and what this reliance on web analytics might mean for contemporary news production. Using direct observation of newsrooms and interviews with news media workers, this article argues that media workers interpret success in audience engagement using web analytics as a process of cultural matching between web analytics companies, media workers, and audiences. This article shows that analytics in journalism have highlighted some of the shared values and practices across the matchers and revealed the challenges of measuring success in audience-journalist engagement.

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12

Gouse, Valerie, Mariely Valentin-Llopis, Stephen Perry, and Beryl Nyamwange. "An investigation of the conceptualization of peace and war in peace journalism studies of media coverage of national and international conflicts." Media, War & Conflict 12, no. 4 (2018): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750635218810917.

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According to Galtung’s articles ‘On the role of the media in worldwide security and peace’ (1986) and ‘High road, low road: Charting the course for peace journalism’ (1998), war journalism and peace journalism are two competing frames when reporting news on war and conflict. War journalists reactively report on conflict in a way that propagates violence, victory, and an elitist orientation. On the contrary, peace journalists proactively report on the causes of and solutions to a conflict, giving voice to all parties through responsible, empathetic journalism. By searching databases for multiple examples of qualitative and quantitative literature on peace and war journalism, new paths to best practices of how scholars articulate and measure the concepts of peace and war using content analysis methods can be found. This article reports on studies published in peer-reviewed journals that investigate the attributes of peace and war as they are conceptualized by scholars analyzing newspaper articles, television broadcasts, and radio reports within the context of peace journalism. Results suggest the majority of peace journalism studies examine media surrounding direct violence as it is occurring, and assess it most often by using the war/peace indicator of elite-oriented versus people-oriented.

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13

Perreault, Gregory, and Tim Vos. "Metajournalistic discourse on the rise of gaming journalism." New Media & Society 22, no. 1 (2019): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819858695.

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Gaming journalism, which finds its origins in public relations-oriented gaming magazines, discursively attached itself to traditional journalism in the wake of the 2014 GamerGate controversy. Yet it had remained unclear where gaming journalism fits within the ecology of journalism. This study examines metajournalistic discourse regarding gaming journalism from 2010 to 2018 and analyzes 53 articles about gaming journalism from that period in order to understand how the broader journalistic field conceptualized gaming journalism’s place within it. This study argues that gaming journalism is discursively marked as a lower, marginal form of journalism based on perceived differences in professional values and journalistic savviness.

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14

Weaver, David H. "Studying Journalists and Journalism Across Four Decades: A Sociology of Occupations Approach." Mass Communication and Society 18, no. 1 (2015): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2014.969843.

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15

Vukić, Tijana. "Journalism Education and Fake News." Medijska istraživanja 26, no. 2 (2021): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22572/mi.26.2.4.

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This article offers a scholarly review of the literature and research on journalism education and fake news from an international and a local (Croatian) perspective. The purpose of this paper is to examine the connection between the education for journalists as a scholarly and academic discipline (as well as a teaching practice) and the issues caused by fake news in the digital age of mass media. Based on a comprehensive critical conceptual analysis of the body of knowledge available on the subject, it was determined that there is a diverse discussion about the status of journalism education regarding fake news. In that context, fake news has so far been internationally researched from several angles – curriculum content, journalism students, journalism and media studies, journalism practice, media audience, etc. When addressing the issue of education of journalists and fake news, three streams can be singled out. The first and most voluminous one refers to the systematic formal or additional education regarding media and information literacy. The next one refers to various changes related to the higher education system for the education of journalists, but without any concrete propositions for system reconstruction or upgrading. The last one advocates providing additional professional education to employed journalists. From the local perspective, even though only two articles suggest journalism education as a solution for the problems caused by fake news, based on thorough research it can be concluded that fake news and journalism education are not yet topics of interest among communication scholars in Croatia.

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16

Watson, Hayley. "Preconditions for Citizen Journalism: A Sociological Assessment." Sociological Research Online 16, no. 3 (2011): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2417.

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The rise of the citizen journalist and increased attention to this phenomenon requires a sociological assessment that seeks to develop an understanding of how citizen journalism has emerged in contemporary society. This article makes a distinction between two different subcategories of citizen journalism, that is independent and dependent citizen journalism. The purpose of this article is to present four preconditions for citizen journalism to emerge in contemporary society: advanced technology, an “active audience”, a “lived” experience within digital culture, and an organisational change within the news media.

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17

Ilyina, O. K. "School of English in Journalism." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 5(38) (October 28, 2014): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-5-38-218-220.

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Department of English Language № 3 was established in 1976 and leads the teaching of English language at the Faculty of International Journalism. The Department trains future international journalists, PR-professionals as well as experts in the field of sociology of mass communications. Since early 2010 the department has been headed by Olga K. Ilyina, PhD in Philology, Associate Professor. Since the opening of the specialty "Public Relations" at the Faculty of International Journalism the Department staff has done a great job providing educational materials for the teaching process, which include textbooks and manuals that contribute significantly to the education of highly qualified specialists. Since the early1990s in the department has created 32 textbooks and teaching materials.

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18

Pukallus, Stefanie, Lisa Bradley, Sarah Clarke, and Jackie Harrison. "From repression to oppression: news journalism in Turkey 2013–2018." Media, Culture & Society 42, no. 7-8 (2020): 1443–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443720916407.

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The political context for practicing free and independent journalism has always been challenging in Turkey and ever more so after the failed coup d’état of 2016. This article examines and analyzes the changes brought about by this failed coup d’état in terms of their civil, legal, and political significance for news journalism and news journalists. More specifically and based on two sets of semi-structured interviews with Turkish editors and senior journalists supported by an analysis of gray literature, we argue that between 2013 and 2018 Turkey has moved from a pre-coup repression of news journalism (2013–2016) to a post-coup oppression of news journalism (2016–2018). The former was characterized by unsystematic attacks on news journalism conducted with impunity leading to a climate of fear that made self-censorship inescapable. In contrast, the latter relied on constitutional changes and the use of law to systematically compromise the civil institution of news journalism and to cast news journalists as political enemies of the Turkish state resulting in what can be likened to a loss of their citizenship. We further argue that the development from the repression to oppression of news journalism has been ‘authorized’ and ‘legalized’ by the constitutional changes that came into force on 9 July 2018.

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19

Johnson, Brett G. "Public Records Officers' Perspectives on Transparency and Journalism." Journal of Civic Information 2, no. 1 (2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/joci.v2i1.121553.

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Public records officers are often the first point of contact for citizens and journalists requesting public records through state and federal sunshine laws. Very little research has explored the opinions of public records officers about the process of open records requests, particularly in the context of journalism. Adopting a theoretical framework synthesizing the sociology of law with journalistic discursive institutionalism, this study applies an exploratory survey to better understand this aspect of the open government process. Findings suggest that public records officers exhibit a high level of paternalism, challenging journalists’ foundational discursive role as government watchdogs. These findings offer guidance for journalists and public records officers on how to better cooperate with each other in the transparency process.

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20

Sonnevend, Julia. "Interruptions of time: The coverage of the missing Malaysian plane MH370 and the concept of ‘events’ in media research." Journalism 19, no. 1 (2017): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916689154.

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The article makes a case for foregrounding ‘event’ as a key concept within journalism studies before, during, and after the digital age. The article’s first part presents an overview of the existing research on events in philosophy, sociology, historiography, and journalism studies, arguing that the concept of ‘event’ has not received sufficient attention in journalism studies. The article’s second part demonstrates the need to consider ‘event’ as an essential concept of journalism studies through an empirical case study: the news coverage of the disappeared Malaysian Airlines plane MH370 (8 March 2014) in four American news outlets, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal and CNN. This article argues that journalists employed two strategies in their coverage: (1) they created and/or covered what the article calls ‘substitute events’, defined as minor events in the present that journalists perceived as new happenings and that led to further reporting and (2) turned to the past and the future for events in their reporting, extending the scope of coverage from the relatively eventless present. Overall, the case study shows that journalists are limited in their narration by the power of events, and they are eager to construct and cover events, even when events are not readily available.

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21

Golding, Peter. "Telling Stories: Sociology, Journalism and the Informed Citizen." European Journal of Communication 9, no. 4 (1994): 461–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323194009004005.

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22

Anderson, CW. "Towards a sociology of computational and algorithmic journalism." New Media & Society 15, no. 7 (2012): 1005–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444812465137.

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23

Kligler-Vilenchik, Neta, and Ori Tenenboim. "Sustained journalist–audience reciprocity in a meso news-space: The case of a journalistic WhatsApp group." New Media & Society 22, no. 2 (2020): 264–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819856917.

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By engaging with journalists in the networked media environment, audiences can play a role in shaping the epistemologies of journalism: how journalists know what they know, and communicate knowledge claims. While audiences have been offered opportunities to engage in news-production processes, ongoing reciprocal relationships between journalists and audiences online are rare. This study shows how sustained reciprocity takes place in a large-scale WhatsApp group opened by an Israeli journalist/blogger for her audience. Based on an analysis of group conversations, blog posts, and interviews, we demonstrate how a continuous conversation between the journalist and her loyal audience members allows the co-construction of journalistic knowledge across the news-production process. The online space that affords ongoing reciprocal exchanges is termed here a meso news-space, occurring between the private and public realms. This study contributes to understanding how sustained reciprocity can be accomplished and how it can promote shared benefits for journalists and community members.

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24

Weedon, Gavin, Brian Wilson, Liv Yoon, and Shawna Lawson. "Where’s all the ‘good’ sports journalism? Sports media research, the sociology of sport, and the question of quality sports reporting." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 53, no. 6 (2016): 639–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690216679835.

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Across newsrooms and journalism schools, questions as to what constitutes or ‘counts’ as excellent reporting are currently inciting much debate. Among the various frameworks being put forward to describe and encourage ‘excellent’ journalism in its various forms, sport is seldom mentioned – a legacy perhaps of its perennial dismissal as trivial subject matter. This essay grew from our curiosity as to whether the reverse was also true: that is, whether and what those who study sports journalism and sports media – in particular sociologists of sport – have contributed to understandings of ‘best’ and even excellent journalistic practice. We identified and analysed 376 articles from eight leading scholarly journals that feature sports media research with the aim of examining instances where ‘excellent’ sports reporting was either highlighted, described or advocated. After outlining the major themes that emerged from this analysis, we reflect on why so few of the sampled articles explicitly advise on what best practice sports journalism might look like – especially when it comes to coverage of the sport-related social issues that sociologists of sport tend to focus on – and why so little theoretical attention has been afforded to the question of excellent sports journalism more generally. While there are good sociological reasons for focusing on problematic sports reporting, on structural and systemic issues in which media are implicated, and on producing alternatives to hegemonic sports media, we conclude that it is high time for instances of excellent sports journalism to be afforded the theoretical and empirical attention long granted to their ‘bad’ journalistic counterparts.

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Jenkins, Joy, Yong Volz, Teri Finneman, Youn-Joo Park, and Katherine Sorbelli. "Reconstructing collective professional identity: A case study of a women’s journalist association in the post–second-wave feminist movement in the United States." Media, Culture & Society 40, no. 4 (2017): 600–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443717724604.

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This study explores the relationship between social movements and professions by focusing on the development of women journalist associations in the post-feminist era in the United States. The analysis focuses on the case of the US-based organization Journalism and Women Symposium (JAWS) using 41 oral history interviews with JAWS members and archival research. The results illustrate how the members of JAWS defined, contested, and negotiated the collective identity of their organization as well as the meaning of women journalists more broadly.

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26

Márquez, Gabriel García. "Journalism." Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 2, no. 2 (1997): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081180x97002002008.

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Bird-Meyer, Matt, and Sanda Erdelez. "Understanding encountering of story leads: A case of newspaper reporting behavior at Midwestern metropolitan-area newspapers." Newspaper Research Journal 39, no. 3 (2018): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739532918792234.

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An interdisciplinary approach explores how journalists embrace the unexpected as part of their reporting routines using Erdelez’s framework of information encountering from the study of human information behavior and the concepts of news routines and story ideation from journalism studies. This paper provides a fresh perspective on the sociology of news in finding that the participating journalists embraced the unexpected by routinizing encountering of story leads and opening themselves to the opportunities they provide.

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Aitamurto, Tanja. "Normative paradoxes in 360° journalism: Contested accuracy and objectivity." New Media & Society 21, no. 1 (2018): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444818785153.

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In visual journalism, the adoption of new technologies often leads to renegotiation of normative boundaries, and the case of 360° video is no exception. Two normative paradoxes emerge in journalists’ attempts to deploy 360° video to provide emotionally engaging and factually relevant content. The first paradox is that the 360° view is considered to provide a more accurate representation of events, but the viewer’s freedom to choose the field of view can lead to a less accurate picture of the story. The second paradox is that, by manipulating authentic imagery in the pursuit of more accurate and objective reporting, journalists compromise on traditional notions of accuracy and objectivity. These paradoxes push visual journalism away from the “as is” and toward the “as if,” detaching visual journalism from its naturalistic claims. This leads to increasingly blurred boundaries between journalism and other communication practices such as advertising and propaganda.

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Usher, Nikki. "News cartography and epistemic authority in the era of big data: Journalists as map-makers, map-users, and map-subjects." New Media & Society 22, no. 2 (2020): 247–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819856909.

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Although the destabilization of journalism’s epistemic authority has been widely discussed, one critical element has been underexplored—the role of place. For journalists, claiming provenance over “where” has enabled control over a domain of knowledge, and one key means for doing so has been through news cartography, now rendered digitally. However, digital news cartography (digital news maps) exposes journalists’ epistemic authority to new challenges, from reliance on big data collected by others to maps about journalism itself that show journalists’ diminished authority over place. The case of digital news maps offers a chance to interrogate how journalists know what they know and how they know it and, more broadly, begs the question of how place and mapping must be considered in new media research.

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Hanusch, Folker, and Tim P. Vos. "Charting the development of a field: A systematic review of comparative studies of journalism." International Communication Gazette 82, no. 4 (2019): 319–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048518822606.

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Comparative studies of journalism have gained considerable currency in recent years, and are often considered to be at the cutting edge of journalism studies. Yet, there has been relatively little systematic examination of the growth of comparative journalism studies or in-depth analysis of the power relations within the field in relation to, for example, trends in authorship or dominant methodologies and paradigms. This article reports the results of a systematic review of comparative studies of journalism published between 2000 and 2015, a key growth period for the field. By examining in detail a population of 441 articles published in 22 key journals, we demonstrate that comparative journalism studies is a dynamic field that has developed considerable structure over time, and outline some key patterns, such as a continuing focus on Western authorship, the study of Western countries and elite media, quantitative methods of analysis and political aspects of journalism.

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Hao, Li. "The plight of China’s journalism education - From the perspective of the sociology of education." Technium Social Sciences Journal 23 (September 9, 2021): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v23i1.4388.

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China’s journalism education has been changing all the time to meet new demands brought by the political and economic reforms over the last two decades in the 21st century. However, the covert wars between ideology and practice, between classrooms and newsrooms have caused the “split personality” and general confusion among China’s journalism educators and students. Several educational and practical problems thus arise as a result of the tug-of-war between economic and ideological demands. The problems of China’s journalism education are not only from its complex social and economic environments, but also from its weight of history and culture. Although both journalism educators and some media organizations in China are making great effort to heighten awareness of problems and actively attempting to take remedial measures, the transition from the classroom to the newsroom is made more difficult by the complicatedness of the business operation of schools and media organizations, and the systematicity of journalism education remains problematic.

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32

Miller, Nick. "Beyond Journalism." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 13, no. 3 (1999): 606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325499013003007.

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Ekström, Mats, Seth C. Lewis, and Oscar Westlund. "Epistemologies of digital journalism and the study of misinformation." New Media & Society 22, no. 2 (2020): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444819856914.

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Journalists’ epistemological activities—presumed to provide factual and reliable public information—have made journalism one of the most influential knowledge-producing institutions in society. However, changes—both slow and sudden—related to the digitization of news media and the diffusion of misinformation are challenging the social role and authority of journalism. This special issue advances research in two emerging sub-fields: (1) epistemologies of digital journalism and (2) the study of misinformation. This editorial presents an introduction to the sub-fields and a summary of the nine papers included in the special issue.

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34

Obijiofor, Levi, Richard Murray, and Shailendra B. Singh. "Changes in journalism in two post-authoritarian non-Western countries." International Communication Gazette 79, no. 4 (2016): 379–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048516682147.

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There have been significant changes in journalistic practices in various countries over the years. Yet little is known about the nature of changes in journalism in transitional developing countries following military rule. Drawing on email surveys of journalists in Nigeria and Fiji, two countries with recent histories of military dictatorship that are rarely examined in the research literature, this comparative study investigates journalistic practices in the two countries. Results show that in Nigeria, the transition from military rule to democratic system of government in May 1999 and the enactment of the Freedom of Information Act in 2011 have ushered in significant changes in the way journalism is practised. However, there remains an adversarial relationship between the government and journalists. In Fiji, the 2006 coup, the fourth in the country’s history, led to a more restrictive environment for journalists, despite democratic elections in 2014. Under pressure, journalists are rethinking their roles, with some now considering ‘development journalism’ as a legitimate journalistic genre. These findings contribute to our understanding of journalistic practices in non-Western cultures following transition from military rule to democracy.

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35

van Dalen, Arjen. "The people behind the political headlines." International Communication Gazette 74, no. 5 (2012): 464–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048512445154.

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Political journalism plays a central role in all democratic societies. But the way political journalists fulfil this role varies from country to country. To better understand the role of political journalists in different democracies, this article explores which features of political journalism are universal and which characteristics vary cross-nationally. Comprehensive surveys among political journalists in Denmark, Germany, the United Kingdom and Spain ( N = 425) show that political journalists are more often male and higher educated than the general population of journalists. Their political conviction is however less towards the left. Despite structural homogenization, the role conceptions and feelings of autonomy of political journalists vary between countries with different historical relations between media and political systems and different traditions of journalistic professionalization.

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Tandoc, Edson C., and Joy Jenkins. "Out of bounds? How Gawker’s outing a married man fits into the boundaries of journalism." New Media & Society 20, no. 2 (2016): 581–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816665381.

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Gawker ignited a controversy when it published an article about a married Conde Nast executive who allegedly sought the services of a gay escort. The popular blog eventually removed the article following condemnation from readers and other journalists. Guided by the frameworks of boundary work and field theory, this study analyzed 65 news articles and 2203 online comments and found that journalists and audiences problematized Gawker’s identity as a journalistic organization and evaluated the article based on traditional standards of newsworthiness, audiences asserted their role in journalism’s larger interpretive community, and that the larger interpretive community assessed the article based on the ethics of outing. Investigating the discourse generated by this critical incident is important because it identifies where journalists and readers draw the boundaries of legitimate journalism, specifies the place of ethics in boundary discourse, and informs journalistic practice about the phenomenon of outing in the news.

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37

Perreault, Mildred F., and Gregory P. Perreault. "Journalists on COVID-19 Journalism: Communication Ecology of Pandemic Reporting." American Behavioral Scientist 65, no. 7 (2021): 976–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764221992813.

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In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, journalists have the challenging task of gathering and distributing accurate information. Journalists exist as a part of an ecology in which their work influences and is influenced by the environment that surrounds it. Using the framework of disaster communication ecology, this study explores the discursive construction of journalism during the COVID-19 crisis. To understand this process in the field of journalism, we unpacked discourses concerning the coronavirus pandemic collected from interviews with journalists during the pandemic and from the U.S. journalism trade press using the Discourses of Journalism Database. Through discourse analysis, we discovered that during COVID-19 journalists discursively placed themselves in a responsible but vulnerable position within the communication ecology—not solely as a result of the pandemic but also from environmental conditions that long preceded it. Journalists found their reporting difficult during the pandemic and sought to mitigate the forces challenging their work as they sought to reverse the flow of misinformation.

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Joyce, Vanessa de M. Higgins, Magdalena Saldaña, Amy Schmitz Weiss, and Rosental C. Alves. "Ethical perspectives in Latin America’s journalism community: A comparative analysis of acceptance of controversial practice for investigative reporting." International Communication Gazette 79, no. 5 (2017): 459–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048516688131.

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Latin Americans are living in an unprecedented era of democracy while experiencing a spike in investigative journalism production. Investigative journalism holds its own conundrums of ethical decision-making related to techniques used and consequences of its content. This study analyzes ethical interpretations in the region’s investigative journalism community through a comparative analysis based on a survey conducted with journalists, journalism educators, and students from 20 Latin American and Caribbean countries. Our findings highlight the prevalence of a deontological perspective to ethics, with the majority of the respondents rejecting the use of soft-lies as investigative techniques. The study found, however, variability in ethical perspective within Latin America and Caribbean’s geo-cultural regions, with Central America and the Caribbean region leading in opposition and Brazil and the Southern Cone indicating more lenience toward controversial practices. When it comes to source-related controversial techniques, the journalism community in the region overwhelmingly rejects such practices.

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39

Alter, Jonathan. "Print Journalism." Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 5, no. 1 (2000): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081180x00005001010.

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40

Tehranian, Majid. "Peace Journalism." Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 7, no. 2 (2002): 58–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081180x0200700205.

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41

Daum, Evan, and Jay Scherer. "Changing work routines and labour practices of sports journalists in the digital era: a case study of Postmedia." Media, Culture & Society 40, no. 4 (2017): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443717714992.

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This article contributes to an emerging body of research that examines the transformation of sport, journalism and media practice in the digital era as part of what Raymond Williams has called the ‘long revolution’ of communications, culture and democracy. In so doing, we explore how Canadian sports journalists have attempted to make sense of, and negotiate their roles within, the practice of convergent sports journalism and the ascension of new online journalism values in the Postmedia Network. We examine the institutionalization of 24/7 digital sports departments within which Postmedia’s sports journalists labour to produce a continuous flow of coverage of major league sport – at the expense of local amateur events and women’s sport – to secure a digital audience commodity of male readers. We also explore Postmedia’s embracement of outsourced labour and production processes that have further altered the work routines of sports journalists and have undermined quality standards. Finally, we underscore how the expansion of the digital promotional networks of major league sport has contributed to the ongoing historical erosion of the status and influence of sports journalists in the sports–media complex and has spurred the rise of derivative analytical and opinion-driven content.

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42

Şahin, Sanem, and Christiana Karayianni. "Journalism matters: reporting peace in Cyprus." Media, Culture & Society 42, no. 7-8 (2020): 1360–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443720923888.

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The article investigates journalism in societies that are working towards a peaceful resolution. Focusing on the ongoing peace process in Cyprus, it studies the influences and difficulties journalists experience when they report on the negotiations. The peace process in Cyprus, which has been divided since 1974 following a conflict between Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots, is continuing. Thematic analysis of the interviews conducted with 67 journalists identifies the key issues that affect journalists in Cyprus when they report on the conflict and peace negotiations. The results show that journalists experience tension between professional values and a sense of belonging and move between professional and national/ethnic identities to cope with it. The results also indicate that despite political and ideological pressures, journalists exercise agency, making attempts to challenge and alter them.

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43

Ruigrok, Nel. "From Journalism of Activism Towards Journalism of Accountability." International Communication Gazette 72, no. 1 (2010): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048509350340.

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44

Powers, Matthew, and Sandra Vera-Zambrano. "How journalists use social media in France and the United States: Analyzing technology use across journalistic fields." New Media & Society 20, no. 8 (2017): 2728–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444817731566.

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This article examines journalists’ use of social media in France and the United States. Through in-depth interviews, we show that shared practical sensibilities lead journalists in both countries to use social media to accomplish routine tasks (e.g. gather information, monitor sources, and develop story ideas). At the same time, we argue that the incorporation of social media into daily practice also creates opportunities for journalists to garner peer recognition and that these opportunities vary according to the distinctive national fields in which journalists are embedded. Where American journalism incentivizes individual journalists to orient social media use toward audiences, French journalism motivates news organizations to use social media for these purposes, while leaving individual journalists to focus primarily on engaging with their peers. We position these findings in relation to debates on the uses of technologies across national settings.

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45

Jones, Chelsea, Nadine Changfoot, and Kirsty Johnston. "Representing Disability, D/deaf, and Mad Artists and Art in Journalism: Identifying Ableist Fault Lines and Promising Crip Practices of Representation." Studies in Social Justice 15, no. 2 (2021): 307–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v15i2.2433.

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This paper revisits the dynamic discussion about journalism’s role in representing and amplifying disability arts at the 2019 Cripping the Arts Symposium. Chronicling the dialogue of the “Representation” panel which included artists, arts and culture critics, journalists, and scholars, it reveals how arts and culture coverage contributes to the cultivation of disability, D/deaf, and mad art. Given that the relationship between journalism and disability communities continues to be fractured in Canada, speakers were invited to reflect on journalism and disability arts in relation to their own engagement with media as subjects, authors, and critics of disability arts reviews. The methods for presentation were cripped in multiple ways to provide the fullest access possible. The panel concluded with examples of ableist fault lines in representation practices where the disabled figure is an absent “ghost” in journalistic representation, warnings against journalistic reliance on traditional and objective narratives, and a call for artists to claim and write their own stories. Ultimately, disabled, D/deaf, and mad artists need both control over artistic endeavours and output and influence over representation. This article reconnects journalism and disability communities, ultimately demonstrating that representation is a critical, co-constitutive process that can become more aesthetically and politically oriented toward social justice in its focus on disability, D/deaf, and mad arts.

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46

Harb, Zahera. "Covering the Qana ‘Massacre’ 1996: A Case of Contextual Objectivity." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 1, no. 2 (2008): 138–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187398608x335801.

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AbstractThis article is part of a larger qualitative study that investigates the Lebanese journalism culture and performance in relation to the Israeli forces' operations against Lebanon and their encounters with the Lebanese resistance between 1996 and 2000. News values and objectivity are key aspects of the culture that this paper explores. It is a story about journalism told by a journalist, yet one who uses academic tools to narrate her story and the story of her fellow journalists. The article presents part of the author's own story - an ethnographic account of Tele Liban's coverage during the 1996 ‘Grapes of Wrath’ operation, as Israel then called it. The performance of Tele Liban journalists during this period will be presented and examined in relation to journalistic norms of objectivity, neutrality, balance and truth. This paper examines what might be identified as alternative ways of understanding reporting wars and conflicts and argues that in this particular situation, reporting was a case of contextual objectivity.

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47

Bourgeois, Normand. "Sports Journalists and Their Source of Information: A Conflict of Interests and Its Resolution." Sociology of Sport Journal 12, no. 2 (1995): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.12.2.195.

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The sociocultural context of sports journalists, comprising journalism on the one hand and the sports spectacle on the other, induces a conflict of interests. Journalists must endeavor to gain and maintain a minimum of professional credibility and sustain a close relationship with the source of information. This article presents two resolutive practices used by sports journalists as a means of dealing with this conflict. The first is the sports journalises ambivalent behavior toward the source of information. The second is the sports journalises use of a sociodramatic narrative feeding a loss-of-control scenario. These practices, respectively interactive and discursive, are discussed as well as their relationship to the sports journalise’s conflict of interests.

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48

Cahm, Eric. "Journals and journalism in the Dreyfus centenary year." Modern & Contemporary France 6, no. 4 (1998): 523–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09639489808456456.

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49

Işıl Vural, Zeliha, and Pere Masip. "Data Journalism as an innovation in social communication: The case in sports industry." European Public & Social Innovation Review 6, no. 1 (2021): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31637/epsir.21-1.4.

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Data analysis has always been an integral part of journalism but combining it with technology was a novelty for newspapers. Journalism’s combination with technology was an innovation because of processing, interpretation, and visualization of large datasets in a journalistic content. In recent years, newspapers have started to adapt data journalism and integrated it to sports for better storytelling and making sports more understandable for readers. This research aims to analyse sports data journalism practices in Spain with a quantitative approach with content analysis of 1068 data journalism articles published by 6 newspapers (Marca, Mundo Deportivo, AS, El Mundo, El Periódico, El Pais) between 2017-2019. Quantitative analysis focuses on how sports data journalism is being adapted in Spain, technical features of articles, and the similarities and differences between sports and national newspapers to identify integration of sports data journalism.

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50

Simons, Margaret, David Nolan, and Scott Wright. "‘We are not North Korea’: propaganda and professionalism in the People’s Republic of China." Media, Culture & Society 39, no. 2 (2016): 219–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443716643154.

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This article draws on an empirical analysis of the testimonies of Chinese journalists to (re)consider the nature of professionalism in contemporary Chinese journalism. We draw on earlier work by a number of scholars to develop an analysis of the testimonies in order to trace both how professionalism is shaped by cultural, social, organizational, institutional and political influences, and how these work to shape everyday journalistic practices and outputs. We conclude that professionalization is best understood not as a shift towards an ideal version of autonomous, public service–oriented journalism, but instead as a process informed by diverse and somewhat contradictory influences, including many that are internal to China as well as some that are near universal. Not only are journalists clearly concerned to be distinguished from ‘propagandists’, but editors also engage in tactical practices and organizational strategies that allow a meaningful autonomy from the state. These are not only influenced by conflicting normative discourses of journalism but have also become both a necessity for establishing the legitimacy of individual journalists and news institutions and to facilitate their viability in highly competitive news markets.

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Sociology of journalism"

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