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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Solution (chimie)"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 30 de enero de 2023

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1

Daudey, J. P. "Prix Nobel de chimie 1998, Walter Kohn, John A. Pople, La chimie quantique et la recherche d’une solution introuvable". médecine/sciences 14, n.º 11 (1998): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/2050.

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2

BLAZY, V., G. HEURTEBIZE, D. GILLES, G. TESNIERE y G. FLEURY. "Solutions de monitoring au service d’audit de stations d’épuration des eaux usées". Techniques Sciences Méthodes, n.º 6 (22 de junio de 2020): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202006033.

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L’audit de stations de traitement des eaux usées est un exercice complexe, car transdisciplinaire (génie des procédés, génie biologique, électromécanique, chimie, chimie analytique, hydraulique…), et dont le périmètre couvre de larges aspects relatifs à la sécurité, au process, à la maintenance, à l’économie et à l’organisation… Traditionnellement, cette démarche se décompose en trois phases distinctes visant : i) un recueil d’informations, ii) un relevé sur site et iii) un compte rendu. Les développements récents en matière de métrologie et d’instrumentation ont permis d’augmenter le niveau d’automatisation et de contrôle des usines de traitement des eaux. Les processus épuratoires, mis en oeuvre à travers des procédés plus ou moins complexes, sont ainsi suivis plus finement, assurant une réactivité opérationnelle immédiate et une fiabilisation des qualités d’eau à atteindre. Dans un même temps, la compilation de données au sein d’un automate programmable industriel et leur organisation/ traitement à travers une solution de supervision/hypervision amènent un suivi et une rationalisation de l’exploitation ouvrant la porte à des perspectives d’optimisation. Pour autant, les gains apportés par le monitoring sont rarement mis au profit des moyens d’investigations nécessaires à la phase de relevé sur site d’audit. Cet article présente plusieurs retours d’expériences à travers trois cas d’étude. Il intègre aussi bien des préoccupations d’ordres méthodologique, technique que des exemples de retour sur investissement dans la conduite et la restitution d’audit d’installations de traitement des eaux usées.

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3

Dufrêche, Jean-François. "Preface". Pure and Applied Chemistry 85, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2013): iv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac20138501iv.

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The 32nd International Conference on Solution Chemistry (ICSC-32) was held 28 August-2 September 2011 in La Grande Motte, France. This conference series covers a wide range of topics related to solution chemistry, such as- thermodynamics, kinetics, and structure- polymers, colloids, interfaces, and membranes- bioinorganic, biophysical, and pharmaceutical problems- supramolecular assemblies and nanostructures- analytical and environmental aspects- solvents and solutions under extreme conditionsFive plenary lectures were given: “Electrochemistry, the challenge of 21st century: From living cells to energy production”, by Dr. Christian Amatore, Paris, France; “Ultrafast studies on chemical and biological systems”, by Prof. Majed Chergui, Lausanne, Switzerland; “Modelling ionic liquids”, by Prof. Paul Madden, Oxford, UK; “Structure and dynamics of liquids and solutions in confinement”, by Prof. Toshio Yamaguchi, Fukuoka, Japan; “Natural ionic liquids and green solution chemistry”, by Prof. Dr. Werner Kunz, Regensburg, Germany.Two special lectures were given in the frame of the “Année Internationale de la Chimie”: “Solution chemistry and preservation of archeological wood: The case of Vasa”, by Prof. Ingmar Persson, Uppsala, Sweden; and “Molecular gastronomy: A solution chemistry problem”, by Hervé This, INRA, France.Twenty-one papers based on lectures presented at the ICSC-32 are included in this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry. These contributions feature the major themes of the conference, serve as a representative view of current activities in the field of solution chemistry, and demonstrate that solutions still prove to be challenging targets for contemporary physical and chemical research.Jean-François DufrêcheConference Editor

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4

Sutrisno, Hari y Endang Dwi Siswani. "OLIGOMERIC CHROMIUM(III) POLICATION SPECIES-PILLARED LAYERED TETRATITANATES ANION". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 7, n.º 1 (15 de junio de 2010): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21706.

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Intercalation of oligomeric chromium(III) polycation species in layered tetratitanates was prepared by three steps: 1) ion-exchange of H+ for K+ in potasium tetratitanates, 2) intercalation of n-alchylamine (n-propylamine, n-butylamine, n-amylamine, and n-hexylamine) compounds in layered hydrogen tetratitanates by adding an aqueous solution of 5M n-alchylamine to hydogen titanates with stiring at room temperature, and 3) intercalation of oligomeric chromium(III) polycation species by mixing butylamine-intercalated tetratitanates with an aqueous solution of CrCl3.6H2O at pH various. The procedure was carried out by Chimie Douce method. The results showed that all of n-alchylamine-intercalated tetratitanates crystallize on monoclinic crystal system with the Bravais lattice C. The hight intensity of the first peaks (200) indicated that butylamine and amylamine-intercalated tetratitanates have a remarkably high crystallinity without impurities phase. The interlayered distance (d) and the lattice parameter projected along a increase with increasing the amount of C-atoms in n-alchylamine. At pH=1.3, [CrCl(H2O)5]2+ or [CrCl2(H2O)4]+ species was pillared more efective in layered tetratitanates than [Cr(H2O)6]3+ spesies and just one spesies, Cr(H2O)6]3+ at pH=1.7. On the contrary, [Cr(OH)(H2O)5]2+ or [Cr(OH)2(H2O)4]+ was intercalated more effevtive than [Cr(H2O)6]3+ species at pH=5.3. Keywords: tetratitanates, intercalation, oligomeric chromium(III) species, Chimie Douce.

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5

von Sonntag, C., X. Zhang y HP Schuchmann. "Nouveaux aspects de la chimie des thiols et des disulfures sous rayonnement en solution aqueuse". Journal de Chimie Physique 88 (1991): 987–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp/1991880987.

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6

Sutrisno, Hari y Endang Dwi Siswani. "PILLARIZATION OF LAYERED TETRATITANATES ANION BY ZIRCONIUM(IV) POLYCATION SPECIES". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 9, n.º 3 (24 de junio de 2010): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21502.

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Pillaring layered tetratitanates anion by zirkonium(IV) polycation species has been realized by three steps: 1). cation-exchange of potasium tetratitanates, 2). intercalation of n-butylamine compound in layered hydrogen tetratitanates and 3). intercalation of zirconium(IV) polycation species by mixing butylamine-intercalated tetratitanates with an aqueous solution of ZrOCl2.8H2O at pH various: 0.1, 0.9 and 1.8. The procedure was carried out by Chimie Douce method. The structures of titanates and the products which had undergone H+ exchange and intercalated by n-butylamine and zirkonium(IV) polycation spesies were investigated by X-rays Diffractometer (XRD) and X-rays Fluorescence (XRF). It was found in the research that [Zr(H2O)8]4+, [Zr(OH)(H2O)7]3+ or [Zr(OH)2(H2O)6]2+ types have presented in the interlayer of the products. At pH = 0.1 and 0.9, [Zr(OH)(H2O)7]3+ type was pillared more dominated in layered tetratitanates than [Zr(H2O)8]4+ type. At pH 1.8, it was signaled that [Zr(OH)(H2O)7]3+ and [Zr(OH)2(H2O)6]2+ types intercalated in layered tetratitanates. Keywords: tetratitanates, intercalation, zirconium(IV) species, Chimie Douce

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7

Sun, Wenhao, Saivenkataraman Jayaraman, Wei Chen, Kristin A. Persson y Gerbrand Ceder. "Nucleation of metastable aragonite CaCO3 in seawater". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, n.º 11 (4 de marzo de 2015): 3199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1423898112.

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Predicting the conditions in which a compound adopts a metastable structure when it crystallizes out of solution is an unsolved and fundamental problem in materials synthesis, and one which, if understood and harnessed, could enable the rational design of synthesis pathways toward or away from metastable structures. Crystallization of metastable phases is particularly accessible via low-temperature solution-based routes, such as chimie douce and hydrothermal synthesis, but although the chemistry of the solution plays a crucial role in governing which polymorph forms, how it does so is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate an ab initio technique to quantify thermodynamic parameters of surfaces and bulks in equilibrium with an aqueous environment, enabling the calculation of nucleation barriers of competing polymorphs as a function of solution chemistry, thereby predicting the solution conditions governing polymorph selection. We apply this approach to resolve the long-standing “calcite–aragonite problem”––the observation that calcium carbonate precipitates as the metastable aragonite polymorph in marine environments, rather than the stable phase calcite––which is of tremendous relevance to biomineralization, carbon sequestration, paleogeochemistry, and the vulnerability of marine life to ocean acidification. We identify a direct relationship between the calcite surface energy and solution Mg–Ca ion concentrations, showing that the calcite nucleation barrier surpasses that of metastable aragonite in solutions with Mg:Ca ratios consistent with modern seawater, allowing aragonite to dominate the kinetics of nucleation. Our ability to quantify how solution parameters distinguish between polymorphs marks an important step toward the ab initio prediction of materials synthesis pathways in solution.

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8

Sasseville, J. L. y G. de Marsily. "Les sciences de l'eau : présent et futur". Revue des sciences de l'eau 11 (12 de abril de 2005): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705340ar.

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Les sciences de l'eau connaissent actuellement un développement accéléré. Plusieurs facteurs contribuent à cet élargissement de la base de connaissances explicatives et instrumentales sur l'eau. On note, par exemple, 1. les investissements accrus dans la mise au point de systèmes de mesure permettant l'étude approfondie des propriétés de l'eau, 2. l'expansion considérable des approches mathématique et systémique à l'interprétation des données, ou encore 3. les progrès récents des outils informatiques qui ont favorisé le développement et l'usage des modèles de prédiction et ainsi, l'amélioration significative des connaissances sur la chimie, la biologie et la toxicologie. D'un autre côté, la croissance et la diversification des problèmes sociaux reliés à la raréfaction de l'eau viennent multiplier les domaines d'application des connaissances en vue de trouver des solutions durables aux problèmes. Dans cet article, on s'interroge, dans un tel contexte d'élargissement, sur l'évolution des sciences de l'eau au cours des prochaines années en mettant en évidence les problèmes socio-économiques dont la solution fait appel aux connaissances actuelles, à leur raffinement par les applications ou encore, à de nouvelles capacités techniques d'interprétation des phénomènes hydrologiques. On y distingue entre les activités qui seront entreprises pour résoudre des questions scientifiques fondamentales pouvant se justifier par des retombées possibles pour la société (la poussée scientifique) de celles qui seront engagées pour élaborer des solutions à des problèmes socio-économiques d'importance (les besoins socio-économiques de connaissances). On met ensuite en évidence les facteurs qui interviendront pour favoriser l'épanouissement des initiatives scientifiques, et on évalue l'effet de ces facteurs sur l'orientation de ces initiatives. On pose ainsi l'hypothèse que ce serait surtout la solution des problèmes socio-économiques, en conjugaison avec les aptitudes scientifiques actuelles, qui orienteront les développements des sciences de l'eau dans l'avenir. Enfin, on présente une approche émergente pouvant aider à comprendre l'évolution des sciences de l'eau. Ce modèle de représentation de la dynamique des initiatives scientifiques est caractérisé par deux pôles d'attraction relevant de la solution des problèmes sociaux reliés à la ressource : l'un en relation avec les besoins de connaissances pour la gestion de l'eau et l'autre lié aux besoins spécifiques de connaissances pour l'administration publique de l'eau.

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9

Sanctis, Shawn, Rudolf C. Hoffmann, Michael Bruns y Jörg J. Schneider. "Direct Photopatterning of Solution-Processed Amorphous Indium Zinc Oxide and Zinc Tin Oxide Semiconductors-A Chimie Douce Molecular Precursor Approach to Thin Film Electronic Oxides". Advanced Materials Interfaces 5, n.º 15 (27 de junio de 2018): 1800324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admi.201800324.

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10

Ezea, J., J. C. Ezike, J. Nathaniel, I. A. Ukar, M. A. Oguike y U. Herbert. "Profile of blood of weaner boars fed Tetrapleura tetraptera pod pulp meal". Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, n.º 5 (10 de noviembre de 2021): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i5.3189.

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A study was conducted to determine the effect of Tetrapleura tetraptera pod pulp meal on haematology, red blood cell osmotic fragility and serum chemistry values of weaned boars. A total of 18 weaner boars of Large White x Duroc crossbreeds, aged 6 weeks and weighing 9.4kg on the average, were used for the study, which lasted 56 days. The piglets were divided into 3 equal groups, each of which were assigned 0.0%, 2.5% or 5.0% TPM per kg, respectively, of a basal weaner pig diet, in a completely randomized design. Data sets were collected on haematology, serum chemistry and lipid profile. Red blood cells (6.74, 6.03,12 5.57) x 10 /l, packed cell volume (46.33, 39.33, 37.35) %, haemoglobin concentration 9 (13.77, 11.43, 10.37) g/L and the platelet counts (37.90, 33.97, 33.83) x 10 /L were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the sera of boars fed TPM than in those fed zero TPM. Mean cell haemoglobin and mean cell haemoglobin concentration were significantly (P<0.05) lowered by addition of TPM in a dose-dependent fashion. Addition of TPM increased the fragility of the erythrocytes in sodium chloride solution of varying concentrations. Serum glucose increased progressively (P<0.05) with increase in TPM. Albumin was significantly reduced only at 5.0% TPM while globulin and urea were reduced (P<0.05) at both levels of TPM. Total protein and ALT were significantly reduced with increase in TPM. HDL was progressively lowered (P<0.05) with addition of TPM while the reverse was the case with LDL. VLDL and TG were significantly increased only at 5.0% TPM. It is concluded that TPM depressed the haematological indices, compromised the stability of the erythrocytes even in normal saline solution, reduced serum albumin, globulin, total protein, ALT and HDL but increased serum glucose, LDL, VLDLand TG. Cet étude a été menée pour déterminer l'effet de la farine de pulpe de gousse de aTetrapleuratetraptera sur l'hématologie, la fragilité osmotique des globules rouges et lesvaleurs de chimie sérique des verrats sevrés. Au total, 18 verrats sevrés issus de croisements Large White x Duroc, âgés de 6 semaines et pesant en moyenne 9,4 kg, ont été utilisés pour l'étude, qui a duré 56 jours. Les porcelets ont été divisés en 3 groupes égaux, chacun ayant reçu 0,0%, 2,5% ou 5,0% de TPM par kg, respectivement, d'un régime de base pour porcelet sevré, dans un plan complètement randomisé. Des ensembles de données ont été collectés sur l'hématologie, la chimie du sérum et le profil lipidique. Globules rouges (6,74, 6,03, 5,57) x 1012/l, hématocrite (46,33, 39,33, 37,35) %, concentration en hémoglobine (13,77, 11,43, 10,37) g/L et numération plaquettaire (37,90, 33,97, 33,83) x 109/L étaient significativement plus faibles (P<0,05) dans les sérums de verrats nourris au TPM que dans ceux nourris sans TPM. L'hémoglobine cellulaire moyenne et la concentration moyenne d'hémoglobine cellulaire ont été significativement (P < 0,05) abaissées par l'ajout de TPM d'une manière dose-dépendante. L'ajout de TPM a augmenté la fragilité des érythrocytes dans une solution de chlorure de sodium de concentrations variables. La glycémie a augmenté progressivement (P<0,05) avec l'augmentation de la TPM. L'albumine n'était significativement réduite qu'à 5,0 % de TPM tandis que la globuline et l'urée étaient réduites (P< 0,05) aux deux niveaux de TPM. La protéine totale et l'ALT ont été significativement réduites avec l'augmentation de la TPM. Le HDL a été progressivement abaissé (P<0,05) avec l'ajout de TPM alors que l'inverse était le cas avec le LDL. Les VLDL et les TG n'ont augmenté de manière significative qu'à 5,0 % de TPM. Il est conclu que le TPM a diminué les indices hématologiques, a compromis la stabilité des érythrocytes même dans une solution saline normale, a réduit l'albumine sérique, la globuline, les protéines totales, l'ALT et le HDL mais a augmenté le glucose sérique, le LDL, le VLDLet le TG

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11

Courriou, J. P. "Chimie analytique des solutions et informatique". Hydrometallurgy 32, n.º 1 (enero de 1993): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-386x(93)90063-j.

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12

Sanctis, Shawn, Rudolf C. Hoffmann, Michael Bruns y Jörg J. Schneider. "Metal Oxide Semiconductors: Direct Photopatterning of Solution-Processed Amorphous Indium Zinc Oxide and Zinc Tin Oxide Semiconductors-A Chimie Douce Molecular Precursor Approach to Thin Film Electronic Oxides (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 15/2018)". Advanced Materials Interfaces 5, n.º 15 (agosto de 2018): 1870073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admi.201870073.

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13

Kaldre, Dainis, Fabrice Gallou, Christof Sparr y Michael Parmentier. "Interface-rich Aqueous Systems for Sustainable Chemical Synthesis". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, n.º 9 (18 de septiembre de 2019): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.714.

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Mimicking an enzyme's exquisite activity and selectivity is a long-standing goal for sustainable chemical method development in aqueous media. The use of interface-rich aqueous systems, such as single-chain polymers, micelles and vesicle membranes recently emerged as strategy to emulate the compartmentalization of natural systems. In aqueous solution, aggregates such as micelles or microemulsion droplets are formed, providing reaction environments different from bulk solutions that frequently improve selectivity and accelerate reaction rates for a wide array of chemical transformations. We present here selected examples of interface-rich aqueous systems and discuss the advantages they offer for chemical synthesis. In particular metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are highlighted and future challenges to perform reactions in interface-rich aqueous media are discussed.

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14

Mena-Parra, J., C. Leung, S. Cary, K. W. Masui, J. F. Kaczmarek, M. Amiri, K. Bandura et al. "A Clock Stabilization System for CHIME/FRB Outriggers". Astronomical Journal 163, n.º 2 (7 de enero de 2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac397a.

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Abstract The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) has emerged as the prime telescope for detecting fast radio bursts (FRBs). CHIME/FRB Outriggers will be a dedicated very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) instrument consisting of outrigger telescopes at continental baselines working with CHIME and its specialized real-time transient-search backend (CHIME/FRB) to detect and localize FRBs with 50 mas precision. In this paper, we present a minimally invasive clock stabilization system that effectively transfers the CHIME digital backend reference clock from its original GPS-disciplined ovenized crystal oscillator to a passive hydrogen maser. This enables us to combine the long-term stability and absolute time tagging of the GPS clock with the short- and intermediate-term stability of the maser to reduce the clock timing errors between VLBI calibration observations. We validate the system with VLBI-style observations of Cygnus A over a 400 m baseline between CHIME and the CHIME Pathfinder, demonstrating agreement between sky-based and maser-based timing measurements at the 30 ps rms level on timescales ranging from one minute to up to nine days, and meeting the stability requirements for CHIME/FRB Outriggers. In addition, we present an alternate reference clock solution for outrigger stations that lack the infrastructure to support a passive hydrogen maser.

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15

Mueller, Jakob J. y Hans H. Wenk. "Biosurfactants – Nature's Solution for Today's Cleaning Challenges". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, n.º 9 (15 de septiembre de 2021): 752–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.752.

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Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules, developed by nature through evolution and naturally produced by different microorganisms. The most prominent examples are rhamnolipids and sophorolipids, molecules which contain hydrophilic sugar head groups and hydrophobic alkyl residues leading to an amphiphilic behavior with unique properties. Recent developments in the field of biotechnology enable the large-scale production of these biological molecules. The raw material basis is 100% renewable since sugars and oils are used as major raw materials. Additionally, biosurfactants are fully biodegradable, which allows the path back into the natural cycles. In comparison to established standard surfactants like SLES/SLS (sodium laureth (ether) sulfates) or betaines, rhamnolipids are much milder and, at the same time, show similar or even better performance in household or personal care applications. Foam behavior, solubilization and cleaning effectiveness are examples where these natural substances give excellent results compared to the synthetic benchmarks. The commercialization of biosurfactants at industrial scale now offers alternatives to consumers seeking sustainable solutions, without compromising performance. Biosurfactants combine both and set a new standard for surfactant applications.

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Burmann, Björn M. y Sebastian Hiller. "Solution NMR Studies of Membrane-Protein–Chaperone Complexes". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 66, n.º 10 (31 de octubre de 2012): 759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2012.759.

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17

Kern, Heiner. "Chemistry Presents Sustainable Energy Solutions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 61, n.º 12 (19 de diciembre de 2007): 835–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2007.835.

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18

Good, D. C., B. C. Andersen, P. Chawla, K. Crowter, F. Q. Dong, E. Fonseca, B. W. Meyers et al. "First Discovery of New Pulsars and RRATs with CHIME/FRB". Astrophysical Journal 922, n.º 1 (1 de noviembre de 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac1da6.

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Abstract We report the discovery of seven new Galactic pulsars with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment’s Fast Radio Burst (CHIME/FRB) backend. These sources were first identified via single pulses in CHIME/FRB, then followed up with CHIME/Pulsar. Four sources appear to be rotating radio transients, pulsar-like sources with occasional single-pulse emission with an underlying periodicity. Of those four sources, three have detected periods ranging from 220 ms to 2.726 s. Three sources have more persistent but still intermittent emission and are likely intermittent or nulling pulsars. We have determined phase-coherent timing solutions for the latter two. These seven sources are the first discovery of previously unknown Galactic sources with CHIME/FRB and highlight the potential of fast radio burst detection instruments to search for intermittent Galactic radio sources.

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Hofer, Corinne J., Martin Zeltner, Robert N. Grass y Wendelin J. Stark. "Stable Ferromagnetic Nanoparticle Dispersions in Aqueous Solutions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 69, n.º 6 (24 de junio de 2015): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2015.369.

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20

Krywko-Cendrowska, A. "Voltammetric Tracing of Al(III) Using Supramolecular Metal-Polyphenolic Nanofilms Obtained via Electrochemically Assisted Self-Assembly". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, n.º 4 (29 de abril de 2020): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.289.

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Supramolecular metal-polyphenolic thin sensor films represent a unique class of composite materials. Their properties and sensitivity can be easily modified via controlled self-assembly of their molecular components. Among the different assembly methods, electrochemically triggered processes are extremely powerful because they allow spatial confinement of the film buildup via an electrical stimuli-controlled process. In this article, an approach to employ the electrochemically assisted self-assembly of a multicomponent supramolecular film based on a naturally occurring polyphenol, tannic acid (TA), is featured. Here, the capacity of polyphenolic compounds to form complexes with metal ions, as well as to act both as reducing agents and stabilizers in colloidal synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) is utilized. The electrochemically triggered self-assembly can be coupled with the ion – printing method, in which the targeted metal ion, in this case Al(III), is incorporated into the film during the synthesis and chemically removed afterwards. This procedure results in a template-like structure of the film with openings ready to bind the same metal ion from the probed solution, thus significantly improving the selectivity of the sensor formed and enhancing its applicability for sensing of toxic metal ions in complex aqueous solutions, such as physiological fluids.

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21

Sidorov, Alexander V., Anastasia V. Grigorieva, Anastasia E. Goldt, Olga E. Eremina, Irina A. Veselova, Sergey V. Savilov y Eugene A. Goodilin. "Chimie douce preparation of reproducible silver coatings for SERS applications". Functional Materials Letters 09, n.º 01 (febrero de 2016): 1650016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604716500168.

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A new soft chemistry preparation method of submicron — thick porous coatings of metallic silver is suggested for possible surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) applications. The method is based on facile deposition of diamminesilver (I) aerosols forming instantly a nanostructured layer by fast decomposition and self–reduction of [Ag(NH[Formula: see text] aqueous solutions onto surfaces of inorganic substrates under mild conditions of 280–300[Formula: see text]C in air. A strong difference in overall microstructures and related SERS signals of model analytes is found for substrates with different deposition time and in comparison with a standard magnetron deposition technique. It is demonstrated that the suggested method is predominant for formation of robust SERS substrates with a stable and reproducible SERS enhancement.

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22

Schlatter, Jürg. "Measurement of Particles in Aerosols – Challenge and Solutions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 63, n.º 10 (28 de octubre de 2009): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2009.665.

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23

Allardyce, Claire S., Paul J. Dyson y Michael Grätzel. "Vector Control in Developing Countries: Challenges and Solutions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 70, n.º 10 (26 de octubre de 2016): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2016.709.

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24

Petit, Stéphane, Kanine David, Jean-Pierre Doumerc, Jean-Claude Grenier, Thierry Seguelong y Michel Pouchard. "Reduction of oxides by sodium borohydride solutions: A ‘chimie douce’ preparation of oxide bronzes". Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIC - Chemistry 1, n.º 8 (agosto de 1998): 517–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1387-1609(98)80005-4.

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25

Green, NJB, CE Bolton y RD Spencer-Smith. "Modélisation de la chimie dans des traces de rayonnement. Problèmes inattendus et solutions possibles". Journal de Chimie Physique 94 (1997): 191–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jcp/1997940191.

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26

Donten, Mateusz L., Joost VandeVondele y Peter Hamm. "Speed Limits for Acid–Base Chemistry in Aqueous Solutions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 66, n.º 4 (25 de abril de 2012): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2012.182.

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27

Cavin, Christophe, Geoffrey Cottenet, Carine Blancpain, Thomas Bessaire, Nancy Frank y Pascal Zbinden. "Food Adulteration: From Vulnerability Assessment to New Analytical Solutions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 70, n.º 5 (25 de mayo de 2016): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2016.329.

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28

Cavin, Christophe, Geoffrey Cottenet, Kevin M. Cooper y Pascal Zbinden. "Meat Vulnerabilities to Economic Food Adulteration Require New Analytical Solutions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 72, n.º 10 (31 de octubre de 2018): 697–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2018.697.

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29

Lamberth, Clemens. "Episodes from the Continuous Search for Solutions against Downy Mildew Diseases". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, n.º 7 (21 de agosto de 2019): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.571.

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30

Lamberth, Clemens. "Episodes from the Continuous Search for Solutions against Downy Mildew Diseases". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, n.º 10 (30 de octubre de 2019): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.850.

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31

Ayitou, Anoklase, Barry C. Pemberton, Elango Kumarasamy, Nandini Vallavoju y J. Sivaguru. "Fun with Photons: Selective Light Induced Reactions in Solution and in Water Soluble Nano-containers". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 65, n.º 4 (27 de abril de 2011): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2011.202.

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32

Filipponi, Paolo, Bertrand Guelat, Julien Haber, Serena Mostarda, Ruairi O'Meadhra, Lorenzo Piccioni, Jutta Polenk et al. "Fouling of Flow Reactors in Organolithium Mediated Transformations: Experience on Scale-up and Proposed Solution". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, n.º 10 (30 de octubre de 2019): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.809.

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Continuous processing has been demonstrated to be a superior approach when applied to fast and energetic chemical transformations. Indeed, whereas classical batch or semi-batch methods require cryogenic conditions and slow addition rates of reactive species, flow technologies enable rapid mixing of synthetic partners in a highly controlled environment. As a result, low yielding and dangerous processes in batch can be performed at scale in a cost competitive and safer continuous manner. Despite the advantages of higher quality and safety, the perennial problems of solids build-up and pipe fouling threaten the robustness and reliability of flow processes. In this contribution, a new methodology to prevent reactor fouling is reported and discussed. The implementation of this methodology has been decisive in solving fouling issues encountered during the piloting of an organolithium based flow process.

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33

Milne, Christopher J., Renske M. Van der Veen, Van-Thai Pham, Frederico A. Lima, Hannelore Rittmann-Frank, Marco Reinhard, Frank van Mourik, Susanne Karlsson, Thomas J. Penfold y Majed Chergui. "Ultrafast X-ray Absorption Studies of the Structural Dynamics of Molecular and Biological Systems in Solution". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 65, n.º 5 (26 de mayo de 2011): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2011.303.

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34

Walser, Reto y Oliver Zerbe. "Approaches towards Structures of Y Receptors, Examples of Human G-Protein Coupled Receptors, by Solution NMR". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 66, n.º 10 (31 de octubre de 2012): 781–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2012.781.

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35

Oppelt, Kerstin T. y Peter Hamm. "About Control: Kinetics in Molecule- based Photochemical Water Reduction Investigated by Transient IR Spectroscopy". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, n.º 3 (31 de marzo de 2021): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.188.

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This review aims to promote the role of transient IR spectroscopy to investigate molecular-based photocatalytic water reduction. Examples are discussed in which this method has been successfully applied to elucidate reaction mechanisms. Focus is given to kinetic changes and their consequences when a photochemical water reduction system, which is functional and well understood in solution, is brought onto a metal oxide surface.

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36

Fischer, Rachel y Marco Oetken. "Visualization of Latent Fingerprints on Aluminum". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, n.º 11 (1 de noviembre de 2019): 945–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.945.

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For aluminum, a new visualization method is presented in which copper is deposited electrochemically. The fingerprint on the aluminum (trace carrier) serves as an insulator as it prevents direct contact between electrolyte and aluminum. The decisive factor is the choice of an ammoniacal copper sulfate solution, which acts as a corrosion inhibitor due to the ammonia molecules. This enables uniform copper deposition on aluminum and thus the development of a clearly defined negative image.

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37

Bandura, K., J. F. Cliche, M. A. Dobbs, A. J. Gilbert, D. Ittah, J. Mena Parra y G. Smecher. "ICE-Based Custom Full-Mesh Network for the CHIME High Bandwidth Radio Astronomy Correlator". Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 05, n.º 04 (diciembre de 2016): 1641004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s225117171641004x.

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New generation radio interferometers encode signals from thousands of antenna feeds across large bandwidth. Channelizing and correlating this data requires networking capabilities that can handle unprecedented data rates with reasonable cost. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) correlator processes 8-bits from [Formula: see text] digitizer inputs across 400[Formula: see text]MHz of bandwidth. Measured in [Formula: see text] bandwidth, it is the largest radio correlator that is currently commissioning. Its digital back-end must exchange and reorganize the 6.6[Formula: see text]terabit/s produced by its 128 digitizing and channelizing nodes, and feed it to the 256 graphics processing unit (GPU) node spatial correlator in a way that each node obtains data from all digitizer inputs but across a small fraction of the bandwidth (i.e. ‘corner-turn’). In order to maximize performance and reliability of the corner-turn system while minimizing cost, a custom networking solution has been implemented. The system makes use of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) transceivers to implement direct, passive copper, full-mesh, high speed serial connections between sixteen circuit boards in a crate, to exchange data between crates, and to offload the data to a cluster of 256 GPU nodes using standard 10[Formula: see text]Gbit/s Ethernet links. The GPU nodes complete the corner-turn by combining data from all crates and then computing visibilities. Eye diagrams and frame error counters confirm error-free operation of the corner-turn network in both the currently operating CHIME Pathfinder telescope (a prototype for the full CHIME telescope) and a representative fraction of the full CHIME hardware providing an end-to-end system validation. An analysis of an equivalent corner-turn system built with Ethernet switches instead of custom passive data links is provided.

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38

Fedoseeva, Marina, Jakob Grilj, Oksana Kel, Marius Koch, Romain Letrun, Vesna Markovic, Irina Petkova et al. "Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions: From the Elucidation of Old Problems in Bulk Solutions Towards the Exploration of Interfaces". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 65, n.º 5 (26 de mayo de 2011): 350–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2011.350.

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39

Bodmann, Kerstin y Roger Marti. "12. Freiburger Symposium 2015: Smart Solutions in the Chemical Process & Product Development – Case Studies from the Chemical Industry". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 69, n.º 11 (25 de noviembre de 2015): 698–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2015.698.

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40

Tiwari, Prince. "Fluorescence-based Techniques to Study the Structure and Dynamics of Mass-selected Biomolecular Ions". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, n.º 4 (28 de abril de 2021): 252–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.252.

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Laser-induced fluorescence studies on mass-selected biomolecules are a promising route to understand their properties in the gas phase and probe their intrinsic properties in a solvent-free environment. Fluorescence has been used to investigate the conformation and dynamics of gaseous biomolecular ions. With Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), it is now possible to obtain sensitive intramolecular distance information from large biomolecules, like proteins, with high chemical specificity. With growing interest and applications, gas-phase fluorescence measurements can shed greater light on the characteristics of proteins in the gas phase. Compared to the solution phase measurements, gas-phase fluorescence can also help understand the influence of solvent interactions on the protein structure and function.

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41

Weymuth, Thomas y Markus Reiher. "Immersive Interactive Quantum Mechanics for Teaching and Learning Chemistry". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.45.

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The impossibility of experiencing the molecular world with our senses hampers teaching and understanding chemistry because very abstract concepts (such as atoms, chemical bonds, molecular structure, reactivity) are required for this process. Virtual reality, especially when based on explicit physical modeling (potentially in real time), offers a solution to this dilemma. Chemistry teaching can make use of advanced technologies such as virtual-reality frameworks and haptic devices. We show how an immersive learning setting could be applied to help students understand the core concepts of typical chemical reactions by offering a much more intuitive approach than traditional learning settings. Our setting relies on an interactive exploration and manipulation of a chemical system; this system is simulated in real-time with quantum chemical methods, and therefore, behaves in a physically meaningful way.

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42

Tschanz, Raphaël, Stéphanie Cristo, Leonildo Delgado, Vincent Hiroz, Martin Jordan, René Kalt, Isabelle Mitchell et al. ""No Innovation Without Cooperation" – How Switzerland Innovation Promotes Cooperation Between Industry, Research and Startups". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, n.º 10 (28 de octubre de 2020): 755–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.755chimia.

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Switzerland Innovation, the Swiss innovation park with its five branches, is facilitating collaborations for companies, startups, and universities to find solutions to some of the world's most pressing challenges in the fields of health and the life sciences, in particular in the areas of chemistry, biochemistry, biomedicine, biotech, medtech and digital health. Together with its numerous and diverse partners, Switzerland Innovation creates an ecosystem for universities and research-based companies, accelerating the transformation of research results into marketable products and services.

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43

Alberto, Roger, Marcella Iannuzzi, Yeliz Gurdal y Benjamin Probst. "[CoII(BPyPy2COH)(OH2)2]2+: A Catalytic Pourbaix Diagram and AIMD Simulations on Four Key Intermediates". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 73, n.º 11 (1 de noviembre de 2019): 906–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2019.906.

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Proton reduction by [CoII(BPyPy2COH)(OH2)2]2+ (BPyPy2COH = [2,2'-bipyridin]-6-yl-di[pyridin-2-yl]methanol) proceeds through two distinct, pH-dependent pathways involving proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), reduction and protonation steps. In this account we give an overview of the key mechanistic aspects in aqueous solution from pH 3 to 10, based on electrochemical data, time-resolved spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the key catalytic intermediates. In the acidic pH branch, a PCET to give a CoIII hydride is followed by a reduction and a protonation step, to close the catalytic cycle. At elevated pH, a reduction to CoI is observed, followed by a PCET to a CoII hydride, and the catalytic cycle is closed by a slow protonation step. In our simulation, both CoI and CoII–H feature a strong interaction with the surrounding solvent via hydrogen bonding, which is expected to foster the following catalytic step.

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44

Wyatt, Paul. "Active Learning: From Flipped Lectures to the Covid-19 Era". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2021): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.14.

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The use of flipped lectures and Active Learning has been explored in first year lectures for several years. Learning Catalytics software has been used to facilitate Peer-2-Peer learning in the Active Learning sessions. Several lessons were learned during these sessions which were important as we moved into delivering online material much more comprehensively. Bringing interaction to the lectures that were delivered live (synchronous sessions) was important to staff. Several technical solutions for producing online videos of high quality were brought into broader use. New teaching formats including a 'radio show' have been introduced to ensure that rich interaction with the students is possible with large groups.

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45

van der Veen, Renske M., Christopher J. Milne, Van-Thai Pham, Amal El Nahhas, Julia A. Weinstein, Jonathan Best, Camelia N. Borca, Christian Bressler y Majed Chergui. "EXAFS Structural Determination of the Pt₂(P₂O₅H₂)₄^4– Anion in Solution". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 62, n.º 4 (30 de abril de 2008): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2008.287.

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46

Duthaler, Rudolf O., Beat Ernst, Reto Fischer, Andreas G. Katopodis, Willy Kinzy, Wolfgang Marterer, Reinhold Oehrlein, Markus B. Streiff y Gebhard Thoma. "In vivo Neutralization of Naturally Existing Antibodies against Linear α(1,3)-Galactosidic Carbohydrate Epitopes by Multivalent Antigen Presentation: A Solution for the First Hurdle of Pig-to-Human Xenotransplantation". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 64, n.º 1 (26 de febrero de 2010): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2010.23.

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47

Churakov, Sergey V., Wolfgang Hummel y Maria Marques Fernandes. "Fundamental Research on Radiochemistry of Geological Nuclear Waste Disposal". CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 74, n.º 12 (23 de diciembre de 2020): 1000–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2020.1000.

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Currently, 5 · 1019 Bq of radioactive waste originating from the use of nuclear power for energy production, and medicine, industry and research, is maintained in Switzerland at intermediate storage facilities. Deep geological disposal of nuclear waste is considered as the most reliable and sustainable long-term solution worldwide. Alike the other European countries, the Swiss waste disposal concept embarks on the combination of engineered and geological barriers. The disposal cell is a complex geochemical system. The radionuclide mobility and consequently radiological impact depend not only on their chemical speciation but also on the background concentration of other stable nuclides and their behaviour in the natural environment. The safety assessment of the repository is thus a complex multidisciplinary problem requiring knowledge in chemical thermodynamics, structural chemistry, fluid dynamics, geo- and radiochemistry. Broad aspects of radionuclide thermodynamics and geochemistry are investigated in state-of-the-art radiochemical laboratories at the Paul Scherrer Institute. The research conducted over the last 30 years has resulted in a fundamental understanding of the radionuclides release, retention and transport mechanism in the repository system.

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48

Watts, Samuel, Bettina Tran y Stefan Salentinig. "(Anti)viral Material Design Guided by Scattering Methods". CHIMIA 76, n.º 10 (26 de octubre de 2022): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2022.846.

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Viruses are nature’s own nanoparticles that are highly symmetric and monodisperse in size and shape with well-defined surface chemistry. They have evolved for optimal cell interactions, genetic information delivery and replication by the host cell over millions of years. These features render them into very efficient pathogens that place a severe burden onto the health of our society. At the same time, they are highly interesting objects for colloidal studies and building blocks for advanced bio-inspired materials for health applications. Their characterisation requires sophisticated experimental techniques such as scattering of X-rays, neutrons, and light to probe structures and interactions from the nanometre to the micrometre length-scale in solution. This contribution summarizes the recent progress in the field of virus self-assembly and virus-based biopolymer composites for advanced material design. It discusses the advances and highlights some of the challenges in the characterization of structure and dynamics in these materials with a focus on scattering techniques. It further demonstrates selected applications in the field of food and water purification.

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49

Gehl, Liana. "Faith and Reason in Thomas Merton: the “Unified Heart” – a Monk’s Solution?" Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Theologia Catholica 65, n.º 1-2 (30 de diciembre de 2020): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/theol.cath.2020.04.

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"Fede e ragione in Thomas Merton: il “cuore unificato” – la soluzione di un monaco? L’articolo prende l’avvio da uno scambio di lettere tra il monaco americano Thomas Merton ed il filosofo francese Jacques Maritain sul rapporto fede-ragione. Dopo aver considerato l’approccio mertoniano, avvicinandolo ad una posizione simile riscontrata in un carteggio anteriore tra Jacques Maritain ed il Beato Vladimir Ghika (un altro corrispondente affiattato del filosofo francese), l’articolo prosegue suggerendo che per Merton il problema non consistette tanto nel conciliare i dati della scienza con i dogmi della fede, quanto nel raggiungere quell’ “unificazione del cuore” auspicata dal filosofo Martin Buber come il vero cammino dell’uomo. Parole-chiave: fede e ragione, Thomas Merton, Vladimir Ghika, Jacques Maritain, Martin Buber, hasidismo, neotomismo, monachesimo, intelligenza, intuizione"

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50

"The Proton Affinity Spectrum of Polyethylenimine". CHIMIA 48, n.º 9 (28 de septiembre de 1994): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.1994.336.

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The characterization of polymers and surfaces with a large number of different sites is difficult, mainly due to problems in the numerical solution of the integral equation involved. New numerical tools developed which can be used on PCs allow to solve these problems today at the bench. This opens new possibilities to characterize equilibria in heterogeneous systems and polymer solutions. We encourage analytical chemists to use these new tools and to develop a feeling for the limits of the method in different applications. In this contribution, we report the interpretation of the titration curves of different types of polyethylenimines in aqueous solution as an example of this new approach.

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