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1
Yuan, Hui. "3D morphological and crystallographic analysis of materials with a Focused Ion Beam (FIB)." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0134/document.
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L’objectif principal de ce travail est d’optimise la tomographie par coupe sériée dans un microscope ‘FIB’, en utilisant soit l’imagerie électronique du microscope à balayage (tomographie FIB-MEB), soit la diffraction des électrons rétrodiffusés (tomographie dite EBSD 3D). Dans les 2 cas, des couches successives de l’objet d’étude sont abrasées à l’aide du faisceau ionique, et les images MEB ou EBSD ainsi acquises séquentiellement sont utilisées pour reconstruire le volume du matériau. A cause de différentes sources de perturbation incontrôlées, des dérives sont généralement présentes durant l'acquisition en tomographie FIB-MEB. Nous avons ainsi développé une procédure in situ de correction des dérives afin de garder automatiquement la zone d'intérêt (ROI) dans le champ de vue. Afin de reconstruction le volume exploré, un alignement post-mortem aussi précis que possible est requis. Les méthodes actuelles utilisant la corrélation-croisée, pour robuste que soit cette technique numérique, présente de sévères limitations car il est difficile, sinon parfois impossible de se fier à une référence absolue. Ceci a été démontré par des expériences spécifiques ; nous proposons ainsi 2 méthodes alternatives qui permettent un bon alignement. Concernant la tomographie EBSD 3D, les difficultés techniques liées au pilotage de la sonde ionique pour l'abrasion précise et au repositionnement géométrique correct de l’échantillon entre les positions d'abrasion et d’EBSD conduisent à une limitation importante de la résolution spatiale avec les systèmes commerciaux (environ 50 nm)3. L’EBSD 3D souffre par ailleurs de limites théoriques (grand volume d'interaction électrons-solide et effets d'abrasion. Une nouvelle approche, qui couple l'imagerie MEB de bonne résolution en basse tension, et la cartographie d'orientation cristalline en EBSD avec des tensions élevées de MEB est proposée. Elle a nécessité le développement de scripts informatiques permettant de piloter à la fois les opérations d’abrasion par FIB et l’acquisition des images MEB et des cartes EBSD. L’intérêt et la faisabilité de notre approche est démontrée sur un cas concret (superalliage de nickel). En dernier lieu, s’agissant de cartographie d’orientation cristalline, une méthode alternative à l’EBSD a été testée, qui repose sur l’influence des effets de canalisation (ions ou électrons) sur les contrastes en imagerie d’électrons secondaires. Cette méthode corrèle à des simulations la variation d’intensité de chaque grain dans une série d’images expérimentales obtenues en inclinant et/ou tournant l’échantillon sous le faisceau primaire. Là encore, la méthode est testée sur un cas réel (polycritsal de TiN) et montre, par comparaison avec une cartographie EBSD, une désorientation maximale d'environ 4° pour les angles d’Euler. Les perspectives d’application de cette approche, potentiellement beaucoup plus rapide que l’EBSD, sont évoquées<br>The aim of current work is to optimize the serial-sectioning based tomography in a dual-beam focused ion beam (FIB) microscope, either by imaging in scanning electron microscopy (so-called FIB-SEM tomography), or by electron backscatter diffraction (so-called 3D-EBSD tomography). In both two cases, successive layers of studying object are eroded with the help of ion beam, and sequentially acquired SEM or EBSD images are utilized to reconstruct material volume. Because of different uncontrolled disruptions, drifts are generally presented during the acquisition of FIB-SEM tomography. We have developed thus a live drift correction procedure to keep automatically the region of interest (ROI) in the field of view. For the reconstruction of investigated volume, a highly precise post-mortem alignment is desired. Current methods using the cross-correlation, expected to be robust as this digital technique, show severe limitations as it is difficult, even impossible sometimes to trust an absolute reference. This has been demonstrated by specially-prepared experiments; we suggest therefore two alternative methods, which allow good-quality alignment and lie respectively on obtaining the surface topography by a stereoscopic approach, independent of the acquisition of FIB-SEM tomography, and realisation of a crossed ‘hole’ thanks to the ion beam. As for 3D-EBSD tomography, technical problems, linked to the driving the ion beam for accurate machining and correct geometrical repositioning of the sample between milling and EBSD position, lead to an important limitation of spatial resolution in commercial softwares (~ 50 nm)3. Moreover, 3D EBSD suffers from theoretical limits (large electron-solid interaction volume for EBSD and FIB milling effects), and seems so fastidious because of very long time to implement. A new approach, coupling SEM imaging of good resolution (a few nanometres for X and Y directions) at low SEM voltage and crystal orientation mapping with EBSD at high SEM voltage, is proposed. This method requested the development of computer scripts, which allow to drive the milling of FIB, the acquisition of SEM images and EBSD maps. The interest and feasibility of our approaches are demonstrated by a concrete case (nickel super-alloy). Finally, as regards crystal orientation mapping, an alternative way to EBSD has been tested; which works on the influence of channelling effects (ions or electrons) on the imaging contrast of secondary electrons. This new method correlates the simulations with the intensity variation of each grain within an experimental image series obtained by tilting and/or rotating the sample under the primary beam. This routine is applied again on a real case (polycrystal TiN), and shows a max misorientation of about 4° for Euler angles, compared to an EBSD map. The application perspectives of this approach, potentially faster than EBSD, are also evoked
2
Baily, Brian. "Analysis of beach mapping techniques and their application to the investigation of the spatial and temporal variations in the morphological behaviour of the shingle beaches of southern Central England." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343332.
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Guastella, Devid. "Studies on whiteflies living on herbaceous plants and their parasitoids in tropical and sub-tropical environment through combined morphological, molecular and geostatistical approaches." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1601.
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In tropical and sub-tropical regions, whiteflies are common pests causing severe losses on food-crops and a threat to food-security. I the sub-tropics, a critical issue is the lack of spatial information about whiteflies. Moreover, outdated information is available about the current status of their parasitoid fauna. On the contrary, in the tropics no or incomplete information is available regarding the diversity of whiteflies and their parasitoids.
Methods: Morphological, molecular and geostatistical methods were used to assess the whitefly and parasitoid fauna on herbaceous plants in a subtropical environment (Sicily) and in the tropics (Tanzania). Morphological techniques were adopted first to identify specimens. Moreover, molecular markers were used to confirm cryptic species. Bio-climatic aspects have been taken into account in the aim to understand which factors influence the spread of whitefly pest species. For this reason, diversity and distributional information was first accumulated to build a database. The database was then analyzed by Geographical Information System for (i) mapping richness and abundance, (ii) modeling the potential distribution of a pest species and (iii) revealing zones for parasitoid reserve selection. Finally, we showed how elevation gradient can be an additional instrument to study the cryptic species
Principal findings: In Sicily, a measure of the current status of whitefly and parasitoid fauna was given. Nine whitefly species were identified: Aleurolobus marlatti, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes elevatus, Aleyrodes proletella, Bemisia afer, Bemisia tabaci, Dialeurodes citri, Trialeurodes lauri and T. vaporariorum. Moreover, three cryptic species were identified in the B. tabaci species complex: B. tabaci Mediterranean, B. tabaci Middle East-Asia 1 and B. tabaci Italy. Modelling the potential distribution of these major whitefly pests at regional scale revealed suitable areas where they can occur. A striking finding in this study was the replacement of the exotic invader B. tabaci Middle East Minor 1 by the B. tabaci Mediterranean species, which is at present the predominant. Another important finding was the fact that the elevational gradient functions as a filter, selecting the species of B. tabaci group. As for the parasitoid fauna, nine species were identified belonging to the genera Encarsia and Erermocerus. A reserve selection model permitted to identify two main areas that seem to function as reservoir for whitefly parasitoids.
In Tanzania the diversity of whitefly species infesting cassava and other herbaceous plants was investigated. Ten whitefly species were identified: Aleurodicus dispersus; Aleurothrixus floccosus; B. tabaci species group (B. tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa 1, B. tabaci Mediterranean and B. tabaci Indian Ocean); B. afer, Bemisia sp. (formerly Asterobemisia sp.), Dialeurodes citri, Paraleyrodes bondari and T. vaporariorum. The potential distribution of super-abundant B. tabaci was modelled, revealing the presence of suitable areas extending also further to neighbouring countries such as Zambia. Moreover, unsuitable area was identified serving as an environmental barrier and avoiding the spread of the pest to the south-eastern part of the country. Six Encarsia, four Eretmocerus and one Cales species were identified, adding more species to the previous list of parasitoids recorded in East-Africa and discovering of a probable new species of Eretmocerus. For the first time En. mineoi and En. sp. pr. circumsculpturata were recorded in Tanzania. Parasitoids have been detected at very low numbers, showing the occurrence of a relatively scarce natural enemies complex.
Conclusions: The research presented here documents the whitefly and parasitoid fauna colonizing herbaceous plants in the two sites chosen, respectively tropical and sub-tropical regions. Combining the methods mentioned above was useful in understanding the diversity and distribution of these insects.
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Colaninno, Nicola. "Semi-automatic land cover classification and urban modelling based on morphological features : remote sensing, geographical information systems, and urban morphology : defining models of land occupation along the Mediterranean side of Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396219.
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From a global point of view, as argued by Levy (1999), the modern city has undergone radical changes in its physical form, either in terms of territorial expansion as well as in terms of interna! physical transformations. Today, approximately 75% of the European population lives in urban areas ,which makes the urban fulure of the conlinent a major cause of concern (Brazil, Cavalcanti, & Longo, 2014). lndeed, the demand for urban land, both within and around the cities, is becoming increasingly acule (European Environmenl Agency, 2006).
Ouring the last decades, also Spain has been undergoing an important process of urban growth, which has implied the consumption of a large amounl of land, al hough the overall population growth rale, mostly along certain specific geographic areas, has remained at least unchanged or even, in sorne cases, il has also decreased. Such a phenomenon has been quite remarkable along the Mediterranean side.
As argued by Gaja (2008), the urban development in Spain has been strongly linked to the model of economic development , which relies, since its launch in the 50's, onlhree main factors , i.e.:emigration, building, and mass tourism. Nowadays , in Spain, and mostly along the Medilerranean side, several urban areas are facing important phenomena of urban sprawl, also feared by he European Union.
An accurate information about the pattern of land use/land cover, over time, is a fundamental requirement for a better understanding of the urban models. Currently, even though plenty of approaches to the image classification, through Remote Sensing (RS) techniques, have been advanced, Land Cover/Land Use classification is still an exciting challenge (Weng, 2010).
Actually, the increasing development of RS and GIS technologies, during the last decades, has provided further capabiliies for measuring, analysing, understanding, modelling the "physical expressions" of urban growth phenomena, either in terms of pattern and process (Bhatta, 2012), and based on land use/land cover mapping and change delection over time.
Based on such a technological approach, here we first aim to set up a suitable methodology for detecting generalized land cover classes based on an assisted automatic (or semi-aulomatic) pixel-based approach, calibrated upon Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) mullispectral imagery, at 30 meters of spatial resolution. Beside, through the use of Geographical lnformation Syslem (GIS) we provide a spatial analysis and modelling of different urban models, from a morphological standpoint, in order to define the main pattern of land occupation al municipal scale, and along the Mediterranean side of Spain, al the year 2011.
We focus on two main issues. On one hand, RS techniques have been used to set up a proper semi-automatic classification methodology, based on the use of Landsat imagery, capable of handling huge geographical areas quickly and efficiently. This process is basically aimed to detect the urban areas, at the year 2011, along the Mediterranean side of Spain, depending on the administrative division of Autonomous Communities. On the other hand, the spatial patterns of urban settlements have been analysed by using a GIS platform for quantifying a set of spatial metrics about the urban form. Hence, once get the quantification of different morphological features, including the analysis aboul either the urban profile, the urban texture, and the street network pattern, an automatic classification of different urban morphological models has been proposed, based on a stalistical approaches, namely factor and cluster analysis<br>Desde un punto de vista global,como sostiene Levy (1999), la ciudad moderna ha experimentado cambios radicales en su forma física, ya sea en términos de expansión territorial, así como en términos de transformaci ones internas. Hoy en día, aproximadamente el 75% de la población europea vive en zonas urbanas, lo que hace del futuro urbano delcontinente, una causa importante de preocupación (Brasil, Cavalcanti, y Longo, 2014). De hecho, la demanda de suelo urbano, dentro y alrededor de las ciudades , es cada vez más aguda (Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente,2006). Durante las últimas décadas, también España ha experimentado un importante proceso de crecimiento urbano que ha implicado el consumo de una gran cantidad de tierra, aunque la tasa de crecimiento de la población en general, sobre todo a lo largo de ciertas áreas geográficas específicas , se ha mantenido al menos sin cambios o incluso, en algunos casos, también ha disminuido. Este fenómeno ha sido muy evidente a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea. Como sostiene Gaja (2008), el desarrollo urbano en España se ha visto fuertemente vinculado con el modelo de desarrollo económico, que se basa, desde su lanzamiento en la década de los 50,en tres factores principales, a saber: la emigración, la construcción y el turismo de masas. Hoy en día, en España, y sobre todo a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea, varias zonas urbanas se enfrentan a fenómenos importantes de expansión urbana, también temidos por la Unión Europea. Al respecto,un requisito fundamental para mejorar la comprensión y el estudio de los modelos urbanos es obtener en eltiempo una información precisa sobre los patrones de cubiertas y uso de suelo. Actualmente, a pesar de la existencia de numerosos métodos para la clasificación de imágenes digitales a través de técnicas de teledetección, para ext raer información sobre cobertura/uso de suelo, este enfoque sigue siendo un reto apasionante (Weng, 2010). El creciente desarrollo de las tecnologías de RS y GIS, durante las últimas décadas, ha proporcionado nuevas capacidades para medir, analizar, comprender, y modelar las "expresiones físicas" de los fenómenos de crecimiento urbano, en términos de patrones y procesos (Bhatta, 2012), y con base en el mapeo y análisis de cambios de cobertura/uso de suelo a través el tiempo. Basándose en un enfoque tecnológico, el primero objetivo es establecer una metodología adecuada para la detección de clases de cobertura de la tierra generalizadas que encuentra su fundamento en una asistido automático (o semiautomático), enfoque basado en píxeles, calibradas en Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imágenes multiespectrales, a 30 metros de resolución espacial. Al lado, a través del uso del Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG), es posible proveer un análisis espacial y la modelización de diferentes modelos urbanos, desde un punto de vista morfológico, con el fin de definir el patrón principal de la ocupación del suelo a escala municipal a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea de España, en el año 2011. En particular no enfocamos en dos cuestiones principales. Por un lado, las técnicas de RS se han utilizado para establecer una metodología de clasificación semi-automático adecuada, basada en el uso de imágenes Landsat, capaz de manejar grandes zonas geográficas de forma rápida y eficiente. Este proceso, básicamente, va dirigido a detectar las áreas urbanas, en el año 2011, a lo largo de la vertiente mediterránea de España, según la división administrativa de las Comunidades Autónomas. Por otro lado, los patrones espaciales de asentamientos urbanos han sido analizados mediante el uso de una plataforma GIS para cuantificar un conjunto de métricas espaciales sobre la forma urbana. Finalmente, una vez obtenida la cuantificación de diferentes características morfológicas, se ha proporcionado una clasificación automática de los diferentes modelos morfológicos urbanos, basada en un enfoque estadístico, es decir, análisis factorial y clúster.
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González, Obando Daniel Felipe. "From digital to computational pathology for biomarker discovery." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP5185.
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L'histopathologie a pour objectif d'analyser des images de tissus biologiques pour évaluer l’état pathologique d'un organe et établir un diagnostic. L'apparition des scanners de lames a haute résolution a ouvert la voie a des nouvelles possibilités d'acquisition de très grandes images (whole slide imaging), de multiplexage de marquages, d'extraction exhaustive d'informations visuelles et d'annotations multiples a large échelle. Cette thèse propose un ensemble de méthodes algorithmiques visant a faciliter et optimiser ces différents aspects. Dans un premier temps, nous proposons une méthode de recalage multiculturelle d'images histologiques multi-marquées reposant sur les propriétés des B-splines pour modéliser, de fawn continue, une image discrète. Nous proposons ensuite de nouvelles approches d'analyse morphologique sur des polygones faiblement simples, généralisés par des graphes a segments droits. Elles reposent sur le formalisme des squelettes droits (une approximation de squelettes courbes définis par des segments droits), construits a l'aide de graphes de motocyclettes. Cette structure permet de réaliser des opérations de morphologie mathématiques sur des polygones avec une complexité réduite. La précision des opérations sur des polygones bruites est obtenue en raffinant la construction des squelettes droits par ajout adaptatif de sommets. Nous avons aussi propose un algorithme de détection de l'axe médian et montre qu'il est possible de reconstruire la forme d'origine avec une approximation arbitraire. Enfin, nous avons explore les squelettes droits pondérés qui permettent des opérations morphologiques directionnelles. Ces approches d'analyse morphologique offrent un support consistant pour améliorer la segmentation des objets grâce a l'information contextuelle et réaliser des études liées a l'analyse spatiale des interactions entre les différentes structures d’intérêt au sein du tissu. Tous les algorithmes proposes sont optimises pour le traitement d'images gigapixels et garantissent une reproductibilité des analyses, notamment grâce a la création du plugin Icytomine, interface entre Icy et Cytomine<br>Histopathology aims to analyze images of biological tissues to assess the pathologi¬cal condition of an organ and to provide a diagnosis. The advent of high-resolution slide scanners has opened the door to new possibilities for acquiring very large im¬ages (whole slide imaging), multiplexing stainings, exhaustive extraction of visual information and large scale annotations. This thesis proposes a set of algorith¬mic methods aimed at facilitating and optimizing these different aspects. First, we propose a multi-scale registration method of multi-labeled histological images based on the properties of B-splines to model, in a continuous way, a discrete image. We then propose new approaches to perform morphological analysis on weakly simple polygons generalized by straight-line graphs. They are based on the formalism of straight skeletons (an approximation of curved skeletons defined by straight segments), built with the help of motorcycle graphs. This structure makes it possible to perform mathematical morphological operations on polygons. The precision of operations on noisy polygons is obtained by refining the construction of straight skeletons. We also propose an algorithm for computing the medial axis from straight skeletons, showing it is possible to approximate the original polygonal shape. Finally, we explore weighted straight skeletons that allow directional mor¬phological operations. These morphological analysis approaches provide consistent support for improving the segmentation of objects through contextual information and performing studies related to the spatial analysis of interactions between dif¬ferent structures of interest within the tissue. All the proposed algorithms are optimized to handle gigapixel images while assuring analysis reproducibility, in particular thanks to the creation of the Icytomine plugin, an interface between Icy and Cytomine
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Dubois, Sloven. "Décompositions spatio-temporelles pour l'étude des textures dynamiques : contribution à l'indexation vidéo." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00605667.
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Nous nous intéresserons dans cette thèse à l'étude et la caractérisation des Textures Dynamiques (TDs), avec comme application visée l'indexation dans de grandes bases de vidéos. Ce thème de recherche étant émergent, nous proposons une définition des TDs, une taxonomie de celles-ci, ainsi qu'un état de l'art. La classe de TD la plus représentative est décrite par un modèle formel qui considère les TDs comme la superposition d'ondes porteuses et de phénomènes locaux. La construction d'outils d'analyse spatio-temporelle adaptés aux TDs est notre principale contribution. D'une part, nous montrons que la transformée en curvelets 2D+T est pertinente pour la représentation de l'onde porteuse. D'autre part, dans un objectif de décomposition des séquences vidéos, nous proposons d'utiliser l'approche par Analyse en Composantes Morphologiques. Notre contribution consiste en l'apport et l'étude de nouvelles stratégies de seuillage. Ces méthodes sont testées sur plusieurs applications: segmentation spatio-temporelle, décomposition de TDs, estimation du mouvement global d'une TD, ... Nous avons de plus montré que l'Analyse en Composantes Morphologiques et les approches multi-échelles donnent des résultats significatifs pour la recherche par le contenu et l'indexation de Textures Dynamiques de la base de données DynTex. Cette thèse constitue ainsi un premier pas vers l'indexation automatique de textures dynamiques dans des séquences d'images, et ouvre la voie à de nombreux développements sur ce sujet nouveau. Enfin, le caractère générique des approches proposées permet d'envisager leurs applications dans un cadre plus large mettant en jeu par exemple des données 3D.
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Nomura, Shigueo. "Novel advanced treatments of morphological entities in spatial information processing." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/143899.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(情報学)<br>甲第12451号<br>情博第205号<br>新制||情||44(附属図書館)<br>24287<br>UT51-2006-J442<br>京都大学大学院情報学研究科システム科学専攻<br>(主査)教授 片井 修, 教授 松田 哲也, 助教授 杉本 直三<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Jackson, Keith Michael. "Spatial and morphological change of Eliot Glacier, Mount Hood, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2007. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4126.
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Eliot Glacier is a small (1.6 km2), relatively well-studied glacier on Mount Hood, Oregon. Since 1901, glacier area decreased from 2.03 ± 0.16 km2 to 1.64 ± 0.05 km2 by 2004, a loss of 19%, and the terminus retreated about 600 m. Mount Hood's glaciers as a whole have lost 34% of their area. During the first part of the 20th century the glacier thinned and retreated, then thickened and advanced between the 1940s and 1960s because of cooler temperatures and increased winter precipitation and has since accelerated its retreat, averaging about 1.0 m a-1 thinning and a 20 m a-1 retreat rate by 2004. Surface velocities at a transverse profile reflect ice thickness over time, reaching a low of 1.4 m a-1 in 1949 before increasing to 6.9 ± 1.7 m a-1 from the 1960s to the 1980s. Velocities have since slowed to about 2.3 m a-1 , about the 1940 speed.
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Wu, De Quan. "Morphological filters in image analysis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260779.
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Кравець, Олександр Валерійович, Александр Валерьевич Кравец, Oleksandr Valeriiovych Kravets, Роман Андрійович Москаленко, Роман Андреевич Москаленко, and Roman Andriiovych Moskalenko. "Morphological analysis of porcelain gallbladder." Thesis, «East West» Association for Advanced Studies and Higher Education GmbH, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48475.
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Порцеляновий жовчний міхур є рідкісним проявом хронічних захворювань жовчного міхура, характеризується кальцифікацією своєї стінки і зустрічається у 0,06-0,8% холецистектомій [4]. За повідомленнями різних авторів кальцифікація стінки жовчного міхура (ЖМ) асоціюється з раком жовчного міхура (РЖМ) у 12-61% випадків [1, 2]. За результатами різних досліджень, у 0-62% випадків пацієнти з ПЖМ виникає рак жовчного міхура.
Метою нашої роботи був морфологічний аналіз 3 клінічних випадків порцелянового жовчного міхура.
Матеріали і методи. Впродовж 2012-2014 років у хірургічному відділенні Сумської обласної клінічної лікарні перебувало 3 хворих жінок (58, 66 та 64 років), у яких був виявлений порцеляновий жовчний міхур. У роботі були використані рутинні гістологічні і гістохімічні методики.
Результати дослідження.
Загальною рисою макропрепаратів жовчних міхурів був сіруватий або білувато-рожевий колір, щільна консистенція стінок і збереження форми органа. Макропрепарат першого випадку мав вигляд «порцелянового глечика», який мав ригідні стінки, не спадався при пальпації. На розрізі стінка жовчних міхурів потовщена до 1,0-1,2 см. Мінералізовані ділянки слизової оболонки були білувато-жовтавого кольору, гладенькі, блискучі та тверді. При механічному втручанні слизова оболонка відшаровувалася у вигляді тонких мінералізованих пластинок. На поверхні кальцифікованої слизової оболонки виявлялися тріщини, подібні до таких, які бувають на порцеляновому або полив'яному посуді.
Гістологічне дослідження ПЖМ показує у всіх досліджуваних випадках у слизовій оболонці виявлялась помірна змішаноклітинна запальна інфільтрація. Депозити сполук кальцію відкладалися переважно у м’язовому шарі. Кальцифіковані маси розміщувалися вздовж м’язових та сполучнотканинних волокон, формували біомінеральні утворення в діапазоні від дрібних піскоподібних до грубо дисперсних фрагментів. Також виявлялися ознаки фіброзу, м’язової гіпертрофії, застою, крововиливи, гіалінозу.
Висновок. У нашому дослідженні серед трьох клінічних випадків ПЖМ (один повний та два неповних типи) раку жовчного міхура не було виявлено. Ґрунтуючись на результатах досліджень та аналізу сучасних джерел літератури, можна зробити висновок, що біомінеральні утворення значних розмірів і поширеності у стінці жовчного міхура є відносно прогностично сприятливими і не асоціюються з раком жовчного міхура.<br>There are two types o f porcelain gallbladder, depending on the calcification degree: complete (covers the entire body, penetrates the muscle layer) and incomplete (multifocal, point deposits) \ The combination of gallbladder cancer and porcelain gallbladder with incomplete calcification type, according to various data, is ranging between 0 and 5% 2. There was no information about the combination of complete type of porcelain gallbladder and malignant tumors. This can indicate that two types o f calcification cause different risk of gallbladder cancer development.The aim o f our work was to evaluate the morphological haracteristics o f GB wall and to compare them with the results, which were obtained during the study o f other GB pathologies with mineralization.
Materials and methods
Ethics Statement. A written informed consent was obtained from all subj ects. This research was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee o f The Regional Clinical Hospital o f Sumy and Medical Institute o f Sumy State University (Protocol No.1, 14.01.14).
Sample collection
There were 3 female patients (1,2, 3 case — respectively 58, 66 and 64 years old) in
the surgical department of Sumy Regional Hospital during 2012-2014 years. Porcelain
gallbladder was revealed in these patients. All patients were routinely hospitalized with
a diagnosis o f cholelithiasis and chronic calculous cholecystitis. All 3 cases o f PGB are
estimated as random clinical findings. Research results
Gallbladder macropreparations differed in the degree o f the spread o f the biomineralization processes in the wall of the organ, ranging from the calcification of large areas of the gallbladder wall (more than 50% o f the wall in the second case and 70% of the wall in the third case) to the total wall calcification (the first case). The common features o f gallbladders’ macropreparations were grayish or whitish-pink color, firm walls’ texture and save of the organ’s form. Macropreparation of the first case looked like a «porcelain ju g» , which has a rigid wall, did not drop during the palpation. The gallbladder wall is thickened to 1.0-1.2 cm at the section. Mineralized areas of mucous membrane were whitish-yellowish color, smooth, shiny and hard. During the mechanical intervention the mucous membrane exfoliated as thin mineralized plates. On the surface o f the calcified mucous membrane cracks, which were similar to those that can be in porcelain or glazed crockery, were detecteHistological examination o f the gallbladder shows typical pathological changes in organ’s tissues. In the mucous membrane o f all investigated cases moderate chronic inflammatory infiltration was detected. Deposits of calcium compounds deposited mainly in the muscular layer. Calcified mass located along the muscle and connective tissue fibers, formed biomineral formation ranging from small sand like to roughly dispersed fragments. Also the signs o f fibrosis, muscular hypertrophy, congestion, hemorrhage, hyalinosis were found. Conclusion. Gallbladder cancer was not found in our study of three clinical cases of PBC (one full and two partial types). Based on research and analysis o f modern literature sources, we can conclude that biomineral formations in considerable size and distribution in the gallbladder are relatively prognostic favorable and they are not associated with gallbladder cancer.
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Fischer, Manfred M. "Spatial Analysis." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1999. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4145/1/WSG_DP_6699.pdf.
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This article views spatial analysis as a research paradigm that provides a unique set of specialised
techniques and models for a wide range of research questions in which the prime variables of interest
vary significantly over space. The heartland of spatial analysis is concerned with the analysis and
modeling of spatial data. Spatial point patterns and area referenced data represent the most appropriate
perspectives for applications in the social sciences. The researcher analysing and modeling spatial data
tends to be confronted with a series of problems such as the data quality problem, the ecological
fallacy problem, the modifiable areal unit problem, boundary and frame effects, and the spatial
dependence problem. The problem of spatial dependence is at the core of modern spatial analysis and
requires the use of specialised techniques and models in the data analysis. The discussion focuses on
exploratory techniques and model-driven [confirmatory] modes of analysing spatial point patterns and
area data. In closing, prospects are given towards a new style of data-driven spatial analysis
characterized by computational intelligence techniques such as evolutionary computation and neural
network modeling to meet the challenges of huge quantities of spatial data characteristic in remote
sensing, geodemographics and marketing. (author's abstract)<br>Series: Discussion Papers of the Institute for Economic Geography and GIScience
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Yan, Hongjia. "Statistical analysis of spatial dynamic pattern in spatial data analysis." Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4495/.
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In this thesis, inspired by the Boston House Price data, we propose a semiparametric spatial dynamic model, that extends the ordinary spatial autoregressive models to accommodate the effects of some covariates associated with the House price. A profile likelihood-based estimation procedure is proposed and the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimators are derived. We also investigate the connection between cross-validation method and AIC/BIC methods in the semiparametric family. In the proposed model, it is easier to apply the AIC/BIC method than the 'cross-validation' method. We illustrate how to identify the parametric/nonparametric components in the proposed semiparametric model. We also show how many unknown parameters an unknown bivariate function amounts to, and propose an AIC/BIC nonparametric model selection. Simulation studies are conducted to examine the performance of the proposed methods, and their results show that the methods work very well. Finally, we apply the proposed methods to analyze the Boston House Price data, which lead to some interesting findings.Although, the proposed model and methodology are stimulated by the Boston House Price data, they could be widely used in many other scientific problems.
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Tolmay, John Peter Cleggenett. "Morphological and physiological responses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to spatial arrangements." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1358.
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Thesis (PhD(Agric) (Agronomy))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.<br>The adoption of the no-till planting method brought about changes to the way the wheat crop is
established in the Mediterranean climate of the Western Cape. Row widths have to increase
from the normal narrow rows (170-180 mm) to at least 250 mm to allow for sufficient stubble
handling. Furthermore, planters are designed to place seed accurately in the soil at uniform
depth, which may increase seedling survival rates. The main objective of this study was to
determine the influence of the use of wide row widths on yield, the components of yield and
grain quality parameters and to revisit planting density recommendations to be used with the notill
planting method.
On-farm, producer managed trials which included cultivars, row widths and planting density
treatments were planted at Riversdale, Swellendam and Caledon in the Southern Cape region
and at Moorreesburg and Hopefield in the Swartland during the 2004 to 2006 production
seasons. All trials were factorial RCB designs with split-split plot arrangements. Grain yield,
grain protein, hectolitre mass (HLM) and the yield components, seedlings m-2, seedling survival
(%), number of heads m-2, number of heads plant-1, number of kernels head-1 and thousand
kernel mass (TKM) were determined at all sites in 2005 and 2006.
Seedling survival rates of 80% were easily achieved in all trials with the exception of Caledon and Swellendam in 2005. The no-till planting method may be efficient to improve on survival rates of 50-70% found with the conventional planting methods. The yield component response that raised the most concern was the clear trend of the reduction in the number of heads m-2 as row widths increased, which was significant in eight out of the nine experiments. The number of heads plant-1 decreased significantly as planting density increased in all experiments. Cultivars
differed in the grain quality parameters grain protein (%) and HLM but were influenced minimally
by the other treatments. Reductions in grain yield occurred in three out of eight trials in the
Southern Cape and in three out of six trials in the Swartland, with reductions of between 6.8%
and 33% in some seasons. The risk of yield loss due to wide row widths could not be excluded
by this study and therefore the row widths used by producers should remain as narrow as
practically possible. Grain yield response to increasing planting density differed between the two regions. No significant yield benefits were found in any of these trials if planting densities were increased above 175 target plants m-2. Planting densities may be reduced to between 70 and 87.5 kg seed ha-1 to achieve this target if the crop is planted in time and seedling survival rates of at least 80% can be achieved.
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Tolmay, John Peter Cleggenett. "Morphological and physiological responses of spring wheat (Triticum aevstivum L.) to spatial arrangements /." Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1358.
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Chen, Su. "Document layout analysis using recursive morphological transforms /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5869.
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Chang, Anna Wai-Yee. "Similarity analysis in pattern matching morphological occlusograms /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16745.pdf.
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Zhang, Xiang. "Analysis of Spatial Data." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/statistics_etds/4.
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In many areas of the agriculture, biological, physical and social sciences, spatial lattice data are becoming increasingly common. In addition, a large amount of lattice data shows not only visible spatial pattern but also temporal pattern (see, Zhu et al. 2005). An interesting problem is to develop a model to systematically model the relationship between the response variable and possible explanatory variable, while accounting for space and time effect simultaneously.
Spatial-temporal linear model and the corresponding likelihood-based statistical inference are important tools for the analysis of spatial-temporal lattice data. We propose a general asymptotic framework for spatial-temporal linear models and investigate the property of maximum likelihood estimates under such framework. Mild regularity conditions on the spatial-temporal weight matrices will be put in order to derive the asymptotic properties (consistency and asymptotic normality) of maximum likelihood estimates. A simulation study is conducted to examine the finite-sample properties of the maximum likelihood estimates.
For spatial data, aside from traditional likelihood-based method, a variety of literature has discussed Bayesian approach to estimate the correlation (auto-covariance function) among spatial data, especially Zheng et al. (2010) proposed a nonparametric Bayesian approach to estimate a spectral density. We will also discuss nonparametric Bayesian approach in analyzing spatial data. We will propose a general procedure for constructing a multivariate Feller prior and establish its theoretical property as a nonparametric prior. A blocked Gibbs sampling algorithm is also proposed for computation since the posterior distribution is analytically manageable.
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Lecic, Dario. "Morphological doublets in Croatian : a multi-methodological analysis." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16068/.
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The term morphological doubletism refers to a situation in language when there are two (or more) morphemes available for a single cell in an inflectional paradigm of a lexeme. Slavonic languages, with their rich inflectional systems, show particularly high levels of doubletism. In the present dissertation we analyse examples of doubletism in Croatian nominal paradigms. As shown by the dissertation’s subtitle, “a multi-methodological analysis”, we compare and contrast evidence obtained by various methods. First we conduct a corpus study to determine the frequency distributions of the doublet pairs in present-day Croatian. This analysis has shown that the distribution of the doublet pairs is not determined by any intra- or extra-linguistic factor, but that it is not completely random either. These distributions are later used in several additional studies, the purpose of which is to answer the question of how such forms are processed in speakers’ mental grammars. One of the analyses is a computational one, in which we try to reproduce a grammar of a Croatian speaker by using two memory based models (AM and TiMBL). The models were highly successful in producing the desired output without resorting to any rules or generalizations. We also report the results of three questionnaire studies, all of which show that native speakers are extremely sensitive to the language input they receive, in line with usage-based theories of language, as well as that mental grammars are gradient. The speakers’ ratings and production rates closely matched the proportions of the doublet pairs in the corpus. Furthermore, speakers distinguish between several levels of domination of one ending over another. When the domination of one form is weak, speakers resort to a different decision criterion, namely they look at the dominant ending of phonologically similar words.
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A, Kuzmenko. "CORRELATION-EXTREME NAVIGATION SYSTEM BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS." Thesis, ПОЛІТ.Сучасні проблеми науки.Гуманітарні науки:тези доповідей XVII Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції молодих учених і студентів:[y 2-x т.].Т.2(м.Київ,4-7 квітня 2017 р.)/[ред.кол.:В.М.Ісаєнко та ін.]; Національний авіаційний університет.-К.:НАУ,2017.-374 с, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/27745.
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Therefore, advantage of morphological method is associated with the possibility of improving the integration of image registration conditions. Introduced by morphological analysis the notion of «form» significantly enriches the radiometric properties of reference image, making possible to build a more robust detection algorithms.
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Wallerö, Emma. "Automatic morphological analysis of L-verbs in Palula." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182528.
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This study is exploring the possibilities of automatic morphological analysis of L-verbs in the Palula language by the help from Finite-state technology and two-level morphology along with supervised machine learning. The type of machine learning used are neural Sequence to Sequence models. A morphological transducer is made with the Helsinki Finite-State Transducer Technology, HFST, toolkit covering the L-verbs of the Palula Language. Several Sequence to Sequence models are trained on sets of L-verbs along with morphological tagging annotation. One model is trained with a small amount of manually annotated data and four models are trained with different amounts of training examples generated by the Finite-State Transducer. The efficiency and accuracy of these methods are investigated. The Sequence to Sequence model trained on solely manually annotated data did not perform as well as the other models. A Sequence to Sequence model trained with training examples generated by the transducer performed the best recall, accuracy and F1-score, while the Finite-State Transducer performed the best precision score.<br>Denna studie undersöker möjligheterna för en automatisk morfologisk analys av L-verb i språket Palula med hjälp av finit tillståndsteknik och två-nivå-morfologi samt övervakad maskininlärning. Den typ av maskininlärning som används i studien är neurala Sekvens till Sekvens-modeller. En morfologisk transduktor är skapad med verktyget Helsinki Finite-State Transducer Technology, HFST, som täcker L-verben i Palula. Flera Sekvens till Sekvens-modeller tränas på set av L-verb med morfologisk taggningsannotation. En modell tränas på ett litet set av manuellt annoterade data och fyra modeller tränas på olika mängder träningsdata som genererats av den finita tillstånds-transduktorn. Effektiviteten och noggrannheten för dessa modeller undersöks. Sekvens till Sekvens-modellen som tränats med bara manuellt annoterade data presterade inte lika bra som de andra modellerna i studien. En Sekvens till Sekvens-modell tränad med träningsdata bestående av genereringar producerade av transduktorn gav bästa svarsfrekvens, noggrannhet och F1-poäng, medan den finita tillstånds-transduktorn gav bästa precision.
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Richens, Thomas Martin. "Lexical database enrichment through semi-automated morphological analysis." Thesis, Aston University, 2011. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15809/.
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Derivational morphology proposes meaningful connections between words and is largely unrepresented in lexical databases. This thesis presents a project to enrich a lexical database with morphological links and to evaluate their contribution to disambiguation. A lexical database with sense distinctions was required. WordNet was chosen because of its free availability and widespread use. Its suitability was assessed through critical evaluation with respect to specifications and criticisms, using a transparent, extensible model. The identification of serious shortcomings suggested a portable enrichment methodology, applicable to alternative resources. Although 40% of the most frequent words are prepositions, they have been largely ignored by computational linguists, so addition of prepositions was also required. The preferred approach to morphological enrichment was to infer relations from phenomena discovered algorithmically. Both existing databases and existing algorithms can capture regular morphological relations, but cannot capture exceptions correctly; neither of them provide any semantic information. Some morphological analysis algorithms are subject to the fallacy that morphological analysis can be performed simply by segmentation. Morphological rules, grounded in observation and etymology, govern associations between and attachment of suffixes and contribute to defining the meaning of morphological relationships. Specifying character substitutions circumvents the segmentation fallacy. Morphological rules are prone to undergeneration, minimised through a variable lexical validity requirement, and overgeneration, minimised by rule reformulation and restricting monosyllabic output. Rules take into account the morphology of ancestor languages through co-occurrences of morphological patterns. Multiple rules applicable to an input suffix need their precedence established. The resistance of prefixations to segmentation has been addressed by identifying linking vowel exceptions and irregular prefixes. The automatic affix discovery algorithm applies heuristics to identify meaningful affixes and is combined with morphological rules into a hybrid model, fed only with empirical data, collected without supervision. Further algorithms apply the rules optimally to automatically pre-identified suffixes and break words into their component morphemes. To handle exceptions, stoplists were created in response to initial errors and fed back into the model through iterative development, leading to 100% precision, contestable only on lexicographic criteria. Stoplist length is minimised by special treatment of monosyllables and reformulation of rules. 96% of words and phrases are analysed. 218,802 directed derivational links have been encoded in the lexicon rather than the wordnet component of the model because the lexicon provides the optimal clustering of word senses. Both links and analyser are portable to an alternative lexicon. The evaluation uses the extended gloss overlaps disambiguation algorithm. The enriched model outperformed WordNet in terms of recall without loss of precision. Failure of all experiments to outperform disambiguation by frequency reflects on WordNet sense distinctions.
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Perley, Elizabeth (Elizabeth Bacher). "Budding yeast cell cycle analysis and morphological characterization by automated image analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66452.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-71).<br>Budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a standard model system for analyzing cellular response as it is related to the cell cycle. The analysis of yeast cell cycle is typically done visually or by using flow cytometry. The first of these methods is slow, while the second offers a limited amount of information about the cell's state. This thesis develops methods for automatically analyzing yeast cell morphology and yeast cell cycle using high content screening with a high-capacity automated imaging system. The images obtained using this method can also provide information about fluorescently labelled proteins, unlike flow cytometry, which can only measure overall fluorescent intensity. The information about yeast cell cycle stage and protein amount and localization can then be connected in order to develop a model of yeast cellular response to DNA damage.<br>by Elizabeth Perley.<br>M.Eng.
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Hashimoto, Tomoyuki. "Spatial analysis of pedestrian accidents." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001072.
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Katz, Ronit. "Spatial analysis of pore images." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260735.
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Mugglestone, Moira A. "Spectral analysis of spatial processes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15450.
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This thesis is concerned with the development of two-dimensional spectral analysis as a technique for investigating spatial pattern, and the stochastic processes which generate pattern. The technique is discussed for two types of data: first, quantitative measurements associated with a rectangular grid, or lattice; secondly, analysis of spatial point patterns using the coordinates which describe the locations of events. Spectral analysis of lattice data is applied to two examples of remotely sensed digital imagery. The first example consists of digitised aerial photographs of glaciated terrain in Canada. Spectral analysis is used to detect geological lineations which are visible in the photographs, and to study the structure of the land surface beneath the lineations. The second example is meteorological satellite imagery. Spectral analysis is used to develop a system for discrimination between different cloud types. Point spectral analysis is used as the basis of formal tests for randomness, against alternatives such as clustering or inhibition. Spectral theory for univariate spatial point patterns is extended to cross-spectral analysis of bivariate point patterns. In particular, we show how cross-spectral functions indicate the type of interaction between the events of two patterns. A test for independent components is composed, and the application of the test is demonstrated using a variety of real and artificial patterns. A further extension, to bispectral analysis of third-order properties of spatial point patterns, is also discussed. This type of analysis is used to distinguish between processes which have the same first- and second-order properties, but different third-order properties. Finally, we show how Greig-Smith analysis of quadrant count data can be interpreted as a type of two-dimensional spectral analysis based on a set of orthogonal square waves known as Walsh functions. This representation indicates why Greig Smith's method is entirely dependent on the starting point of the grid.
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Basnet, Shiva. "Spatial Analysis of Rock Textures." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1349988757.
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RUSTIADI, ERNAN. "SPATIAL ANALYSIS ON SUBURBANIZATION PROCESS." Kyoto University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181904.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)<br>0048<br>新制・課程博士<br>博士(農学)<br>甲第7895号<br>農博第1053号<br>新制||農||779(附属図書館)<br>学位論文||H11||N3258(農学部図書室)<br>UT51-99-G489<br>京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻<br>(主査)教授 小林 愼太郎, 教授 高橋 強, 教授 加賀爪 優<br>学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Richardson, Craig Howard. "The symbolic representation, analysis, and manipulation of morphological algorithms." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13358.
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Ratcliffe, Jonathan Albert. "Three dimensional cell reconstructions for morphological analysis and modelling." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28689/.
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It is highly desirable to devise a systematic approach to predict cell – material interactions, especially for novel biomaterial surfaces, and to further understanding in the complex area of attachment and spreading. The aim of this research was to produce a new method of studying morphology in real time, whereby data from live spreading cells can be collected for mathematical modelling. There is an abundance of models for sub-cellular elements, however, there are few calibrated models of whole cells; in particular, three-dimensional models predicting attachment, spreading and cell morphology have yet to be produced. Live HOS cells were imaged using LavaCell membrane stain and CLSM every 5 min for a period of 75 min in this study, capturing sufficient detail to produce three dimensional representations of cells during initial attachment and spreading. In order for the contact line to be measured, the interface between the cell membrane and the substrate had to be imaged in sufficient resolution for accurate measurements of the angles to be made. An image processing algorithm developed using Matlab was able to detect the edge of cells in the CLSM z-stack optical sections. These were then used to create contour plots onto which a surface representing the cell membrane could be added. These reconstructions of cells can be easily manipulated to enable the dynamic contact line of attaching cells to be measured for a model based on two-phase poroviscous flow equations. The three dimensional representations not only showed the changing morphology of spreading cells, but gave data on contact radius and area, contact angle and cell height. The main modelling prediction is a near contact line law, which is given by; Θ3 - Φ3 = 3 µ(n)ln(R/λ) (3nV - J(V,n,... )) γ where Θ is the dynamic contact angle (which remains to be determined by experimental means as the cell is spreading), Φ is the static contact angle, n the network density at the contact-line, J is the mass transfer rate from G- to F-actin at contact line and V equals the outward normal velocity of contact line. Once the method had been developed for glass surfaces, the influence on attachment and spreading of various material substrate and protein conditioning layers was investigated. This was achieved by using transparent thin film coated surfaces of titanium nitride and titanium oxide and pre-coating glass with fibronectin and albumin respectively. Three dimensional representations showed the ability to reproduce the different cell response to each surface and gave comparable morphologies to cells fixed for SEM and immunocytochemical staining.
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Alqrainy, Shihadeh. "A morphological-syntactical analysis approach for Arabic textual tagging." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4819.
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Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging is the process of labeling or classifying each word in written text with its grammatical category or part-of-speech, i.e. noun, verb, preposition, adjective, etc. It is the most common disambiguation process in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). POS tagging systems are often preprocessors in many NLP applications. The Arabic language has a valuable and an important feature, called diacritics, which are marks placed over and below the letters of the word. An Arabic text is partiallyvocalisedl when the diacritical mark is assigned to one or maximum two letters in the word. Diacritics in Arabic texts are extremely important especially at the end of the word. They help determining not only the correct POS tag for each word in the sentence, but also in providing full information regarding the inflectional features, such as tense, number, gender, etc. for the sentence words. They add semantic information to words which helps with resolving ambiguity in the meaning of words. Furthermore, diacritics ascribe grammatical functions to the words, differentiating the word from other words, and determining the syntactic position of the word in the sentence. 1. Vocalisation (also referred as diacritisation or vowelisation). This thesis presents a rule-based Part-of-Speech tagging system called AMT - short for Arabic Morphosyntactic Tagger. The main function of the AMT system is to assign the correct tag to each word in an untagged raw partially-vocalised Arabic corpus, and to produce a POS tagged corpus without using a manually tagged or untagged lexicon (dictionary) for training. Two different techniques were used in this work, the pattem-based technique and the lexical and contextual technique. The rules in the pattem-based technique technique are based on the pattern of the testing word. A novel algorithm, Pattern-Matching Algorithm (PMA), has been designed and introduced in this work. The aim of this algorithm is to match the testing word with its correct pattern in pattern lexicon. The lexical and contextual technique on the other hand is used to assist the pattembased technique technique to assign the correct tag to those words not have a pattern to follow. The rules in the lexical and contextual technique are based on the character(s), the last diacritical mark, the word itself, and the tags of the surrounding words. The importance of utilizing the diacritic feature of the Arabic language to reduce the lexical ambiguity in POS tagging has been addressed. In addition, a new Arabic tag set and a new partially-vocalised Arabic corpus to test AMT have been compiled and presented in this work. The AMT system has achieved an average accuracy of 91 %.
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Mi'mar, Raghad. "Morphological and mechanical analysis of the glenoid trabecular bone." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441183.
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Baraniuk, Krzysztof. "Morphological generation and analysis, case study on Polish language." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394624.
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Hernandez, Ernesto. "MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF LARVAL DROSOPHILA ASTROCYTES IN THE VNC." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613064.
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Understanding the ongoing signaling between neurons and glial cells requires a detailed analysis
of glial cell morphology and physiology. In particular, the shapes and distribution of glial cells
help to dictate roles astrocytes play in regulating neuronal function. In each segment of the
ventral nerve cord of Drosophila, the neuropil is organized into distinct motor, interneuron, and
sensory neuropils. Each hemisegment of the neuropil is served by six astrocytes, with somas in
characteristic positions around the edge of neuropil. Here we use Flp-out (Ito et al., 1997) and
MultiColor FlpOut (Viswanathan et al., 2015) genetic constructs targeted to astrocytes via the
alrm-GAL4 driver (Doherty et al., 2009) to generate high-resolution images of astrocytes. Our
examination of individual astrocytes, and the interfaces between adjacent astrocytes has revealed
that (1) astrocytes have three morphological classes along with the identification of features such
as wrapping/following FasII-positive axon bundles, midline crossing, single protruding
processes, and a process leaving the CNS via the segmental nerve astrocytes display, (2) the
arbors of individual astrocytes span multiple functional neural domains and (3) astrocytic
branches have convoluted spatial domains, in which the finest distal branches of adjacent
astrocytes interweave with a variable, but small, amount of interdigitation.
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Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович, Анатолий Николаевич Романюк, Anatolii Mykolaiovych Romaniuk, et al. "Morphological analysis of papillary thyroid carcinoma with psammoma bodies." Thesis, Virchows Archiv, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/70534.
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Background & Objective: During last decade, the proportion of thyroid cancer, among other types of cancer had a clear tendency to rise. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common cancer of this organ, constituting up to ca. 70% cases. For the majority of patients the general survival rate depends on the histological features of the tumour and on many other predictors, one of which is pathological biomineralization.
The aim of the work is to carry out morphological analysis of the tissues papillary thyroid carcinoma with psammoma bodies.
Method: We have analysed the samples from 54 PTC patients and controls by using immunohistochemistry and spectroscopic techniques. The samples were divided into two groups: the PTC group included 24 cases of PTC with psammoma bodies and the control group was constituted of 30 PTC cases without psammoma bodies and other manifestations of pathological biomineralization.
Results: We have demonstrated the clear colocalization of osteopontin and calprotectin in the psammoma bodies and suggested the model for their laminated structure development. Immunostaining with of activated Caspase 3 antibodies revealed significantly higher number of apoptotic cells in the samples of PTC with PBs.
Conclusion: We have found intensive immunostaining with osteopontin antibodies in the tumour tissues and in the tumour surrounding, which indicates that osteopontin may counteract biomineralization. We have shown that the major component of PBs is hydroxyapatite.
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Wood, Stephanie Ann. "A Morphological and Hemodynamic Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Vasculature." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2008. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/16.
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The goal of this study was to develop analysis tools to assess skeletal muscle vasculature on a network level. In conjunction with this goal, this project also assessed whether the gracillis anterior muscle of a mouse was sufficiently thin to perform a comprehensive morphological analysis, and whether the data generated from these methods would yield reasonable computation of hemodynamic parameters. Horton's Law of Stream Numbers and the diameter-defined Strahler method were applied to assess the vasculature as a whole, and the results were comparable to previous work. The dimensional and branching characteristics of the network were similar to previous experiments; however, the ability to reference microscope slides containing the muscle to cross-reference the degree of three-dimensional branching will improve results. On a whole, a comprehensive morphological assessment was performed on the gracillis anterior muscle using two-dimensional images; however, future work should supplement the images with cross-sectional measurements assessing capillary density for vessels of 8μm and smaller. The hemodynamic analysis yielded pressure profiles and individual vessel flow rates consistent with published literature values. The elemental network provides a more realistic representation of network morphology, whereas the segmental network should be used for hemodynamic calculations. Overall, the analysis methods presented in this paper provide a solid foundational tool that has the potential to illuminate patterns on a network (or systems) level that could not otherwise be seen.
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Markhede, Henrik. "Spatial positioning : method development for spatial analysis of interaction in buildings." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-25877.
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In offices, knowledge sharing largely depends on everyday face-to-face interaction patterns. These interaction patterns may depend on how employees move through the office space. This thesis explores how these spatial relations influence individual choices with respect to employee movements or routes. Space syntax related research has shown a strong relationship between spatial configuration and pedestrian movement in cities, yet field of space syntax has not applied spatial analysis to the office environment. Although several many space syntax researchers have suggested a connection between spatial configuration of offices and movement patterns of employees, no studies have developed methods to address this issue specifically. Our initial results suggest that organizational borders sometimes work as well as walls regarding movement related to face-to-face interaction in offices. This has led us to perform analysis using occupied spatial positions as a complement to the regular space syntax analysis. Using spatial positioning analysis, we incorporate organizational aspects into space syntax analysis and shift focus from analysis of movement to analysis of interaction. Our papers develop both observational methods and software for spatial modelling. We conclude that rational choice theory and actor network theory can provide useful conceptions and models for how to perform spatial analysis of interactions. Future research should focus on software development and new interpretations related to rational choice, actor networks, and symbolic interactionism.<br>QC 20101103
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Meinhardt, Llopis Enric. "Morphological and statistical techniques for the analysis of 3D images." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/22719.
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Aquesta tesi proposa una estructura de dades per
emmagatzemar imatges tridimensionals. L'estructura da dades té
forma d'arbre i codifica les components connexes dels conjunts de
nivell de la imatge. Aquesta estructura és la eina bàsica per
moltes aplicacions proposades: operadors morfològics
tridimensionals, visualització d'imatges mèdiques, anàlisi
d'histogrames de color, seguiment d'objectes en vídeo i detecció
de vores. Motivada pel problema de la completació de vores, la
tesi conté un estudi de com l'eliminació de soroll mitjançant variació
total anisòtropa es pot fer servir per calcular conjunts de
Cheeger en mètriques anisòtropes. Aquests conjunts de Cheeger
anisòtrops es poden utilitzar per trobar òptims globals d'alguns
funcionals per completar vores. També estan relacionats amb
certs invariants afins que s'utilitzen en reconeixement
d'objectes, i en la tesi s'explicita aquesta relació.<br>This thesis proposes a tree data structure to encode the connected
components of level sets of 3D images. This data structure is applied
as a main tool in several proposed applications: 3D morphological
operators, medical image visualization, analysis of color histograms,
object tracking in videos and edge detection. Motivated by the
problem of edge linking, the thesis contains also an study of
anisotropic total variation denoising as a tool for computing
anisotropic Cheeger sets. These anisotropic Cheeger sets can be used
to find global optima of a class of edge linking functionals. They
are also related to some affine invariant descriptors which are used
in object recognition, and this relationship is laid out explicitly.
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Wahlberg, Alexander. "Learning in student projects and morphological analysis of Arctic particles." Thesis, KTH, Rymd- och plasmafysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-107204.
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This master thesis is divided into two parts, one pedagogical and one engineering. The purpose of the pedagogical part of this master thesis was to investigate how students learn during projects. At the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, three larger student projects occurred where the students themselves developed a probe that was launched into the atmosphere. The supervisors of the projects wanted to find out how the students learn during the project. The thesis includes in-depth interviews with current and former university students. In order to compare and gain new perspectives on learning,the study also included interviews with high school students to identify their corresponding experiences of learning in their final projects in Swedish upper secondary school. The result from this study shows that the students learn through participating inactivities, collaboration and communication. Giving the students responsibility, a mutual goal and an important assignment makes them collaborate and learn from experience through reflection. The purpose of the engineering part of this master thesis was to investigate samples that were collected during the Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study in the summer of 2008. The samples were studied by using a scanning electron microscope. The results of the thesis are consistent with former studies on samples collected in Arctic. The images from the microscope showed microgels and how the gels assembled into larger particles, particles which can play a crucial role in the formation of clouds.
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Norrby, Sara. "Using Morphological Analysis in an Information Retrieval System for Résumés." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189578.
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This thesis investigates the usage of an information retrieval system among résumés in Swedish and how the usage of morphological methods, such as lemmatization, affects the results. In order to investigate this, a small information retrieval system was built using lemmatization and compound splitting. This thesis also discusses how the relevance of a résumé can be decided and evaluates the information retrieval system in terms of precision, recall and ranking ability. The results show that using morphological analysis had a positive effect in some cases, especially when the query contained more Swedish words than names of skills. In the cases where there were mostly technical skills in the query it proved to have a negative impact. Lemmatization was the method that had a small positive effect on ranking ability but the compound splitting had a negative impact regardless on the queries' features.<br>I detta examensarbete undersöks hur användning av morfologisk analys, så som lemmatisering, påverkar prestandan hos ett informationssökningssystem för CV:n på svenska. Det tas också upp hur relevans hos ett CV kan bedömas och informationssökningssystemet utvärderas utifrån precision och täckning men även ''discounted cumulative gain'' vilket är ett mått på rankningsförmåga. Resultaten visar att morfologisk analys ger positiva effekter i de fall då frågan till söksystemet innehåller många svenska ord. När frågan innehöll många namn på olika tekniker så visade det sig vara negativt att använda morfologi, framförallt när det gäller uppdelning av sammansatta ord. Lemmatisering var den metod som hade positiv effekt i vissa fall medan uppdelning av sammansatta ord endast hade en negativ effekt.
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Oh, Junsuk. "Computational simulation and morphological analysis of polymerization-induced phase separation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0031/MQ64240.pdf.
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Sheppard, Amy L. "IN VIVO analysis of ocular morphological changes during phakic accommodation." Thesis, Aston University, 2010. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12628/.
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The principal theme of this thesis is the in vivo examination of ocular morphological changes during phakic accommodation, with particular attention paid to the ciliary muscle and crystalline lens. The investigations detailed involved the application of high-resolution imaging techniques to facilitate the acquisition of new data to assist in the clarification of aspects of the accommodative system that were poorly understood. A clinical evaluation of the newly available Grand Seiko Auto Ref/ Keratometer WAM-5500 optometer was undertaken to assess its value in the field of accommodation research. The device was found to be accurate and repeatable compared to subjective refraction, and has the added advantage of allowing dynamic data collection at a frequency of around 5 Hz. All of the subsequent investigations applied the WAM-5500 for determination of refractive error and objective accommodative responses. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) based studies examined the morphology and contractile response of youthful and ageing ciliary muscle. Nasal versus temporal asymmetry was identified, with the temporal aspect being both thicker and demonstrating a greater contractile response. The ciliary muscle was longer in terms of both its anterior (r = 0.49, P <0.001) and overall length (r = 0.45, P = 0.02) characteristics, in myopes. The myopic ciliary muscle does not appear to be merely stretched during axial elongation, as no significant relationship between thickness and refractive error was identified. The main contractile responses observed were a thickening of the anterior region and a shortening of the muscle, particularly anteriorly. Similar patterns of response were observed in subjects aged up to 70 years, supporting a lensocentric theory of presbyopia development. Following the discovery of nasal/ temporal asymmetry in ciliary muscle morphology and response, an investigation was conducted to explore whether the regional variations in muscle contractility impacted on lens stability during accommodation. A bespoke programme was developed to analyse AS-OCT images and determine whether lens tilt and decentration varied between the relaxed and accommodated states. No significant accommodative difference in these parameters was identified, implying that any changes in lens stability with accommodation are very slight, as a possible consequence of vitreous support. Novel three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and analysis techniques were used to investigate changes in lens morphology and ocular conformation during accommodation. An accommodative reduction in lens equatorial diameter provides further evidence to support the Helmholtzian mechanism of accommodation, whilst the observed increase in lens volume challenges the widespread assertion that this structure is incompressible due to its high water content. Wholeeye MRI indicated that the volume of the vitreous chamber remains constant during accommodation. No significant changes in ocular conformation were detected using MRI. The investigations detailed provide further insight into the mechanisms of accommodation and presbyopia, and represent a platform for future work in this field.
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Sabr, Chwas. "Urban form and regulations : a morphological analysis of Erbil City." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16027/.
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The focus of this research is the morphology of the urban form of Erbil city. The research is conducted through three essential stages in six chapters. In the first stage, the factors that could influence the formation and the transformation of urban form are outlined and put together. These include the main focus, the legal factors (in the form of building and planning regulations), and other determinants which include political, social, cultural, economic, and environmental. In other words, the research looks at the formation and transformation of urban form through the frame of building and planning legislation which is supposed to meet inhabitants’ needs in an urban settlement in different periods. This establishes the theoretical frame encompassing the influence and the correlation between the sets of factors on the one hand and the urban form as a variable object on the other. Meanwhile, the many aspects and various understandings of urban form as an accumulative product in cities are outlined. The literature surrounding all these issues is covered in the first and the second chapters. In the second stage, which is covered in the third, the fourth, and the fifth chapters, the established theoretical frame will be examined through the case of the study Erbil city, because this approach to the study of Erbil has not been undertaken previously and is consequently poorly understood. Although Erbil city is thousands of years old and passed through many different eras, the study’s focus will be on the period starting in 1920 (when the Iraqi State was established) until the present day, because in this period, the city has witnessed its largest growth and expansion and different building and planning legislation has been issued and amended. Different samples from nine different periods of the growth of the city from different quarters (neighbourhoods) will be selected and analysed. A descriptive and interpretative method will be adopted to deal with the data collected on these samples. Maps, photographs, and legislative texts are the main source of the data. The elements of the analysis include street, block plot, and building. Mapping by the use of AutoCAD and ArcGIS software is the essential tool and method adopted. In the fifth chapter the analysed samples will be compared to explore the nature of the change and the transformation of the urban form of the city over time through which those samples could represent the overall image. The findings and the implications of the research are outlined in the last stage and the last chapter. The research provides significant documentation on the urban form of Erbil, the important area and subject which has been paid little attention. Therefore, the outcomes could inform responsible authorities, designers, and planners working in Kurdistan. In turn, it would have a significant influence on regulations shaping the city’s future urban form. Selecting Erbil city as the case study has a considerable rationale that is incorporated within the research implications. Erbil city provides a typical case for other similar cities in the region. Therefore, there would be a possibility of generalising the methods and the outcomes of this research on many other cases.
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Santos, Rui Pedro Silvestre dos. "Time series morphological analysis applied to biomedical signals events detection." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10227.
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Dissertation submitted in the fufillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master in Biomedical Engineering<br>Automated techniques for biosignal data acquisition and analysis have become increasingly powerful, particularly at the Biomedical Engineering research field. Nevertheless, it is verified the need to improve tools for signal pattern recognition and classification systems, in which the detection of specific events and the automatic signal segmentation are preliminary
processing steps.
The present dissertation introduces a signal-independent algorithm, which detects significant events in a biosignal. From a time series morphological analysis, the algorithm computes the instants when the most significant standard deviation discontinuities occur, segmenting the signal. An iterative optimization step is then applied. This assures that a minimal error is achieved when modeling these segments with polynomial regressions. The adjustment of a scale factor gives different detail levels of events detection.
An accurate and objective algorithm performance evaluation procedure was designed.
When applied on a set of synthetic signals, with known and quantitatively predefined events, an overall mean error of 20 samples between the detected and the actual events showed the high accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Its ability to perform the detection of signal activation onsets and transient waveshapes was also assessed, resulting in higher reliability than
signal-specific standard methods.
Some case studies, with signal processing requirements for which the developed algorithm can be suitably applied, were approached. The algorithm implementation in real-time, as part of an application developed during this research work, is also reported.
The proposed algorithm detects significant signal events with accuracy and significant
noise immunity. Its versatile design allows the application in different signals without previous knowledge on their statistical properties or specific preprocessing steps. It also brings added objectivity when compared with the exhaustive and time-consuming examiner analysis.
The tool introduced in this dissertation represents a relevant contribution in events detection, a particularly important issue within the wide digital biosignal processing research field.
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Momeni, Maryam. "Modeling and morphological analysis of neonatal brain development using MRI." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIED007.
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La quantification du développement cérébral néonatal a un rôle significatif dans la compréhension, la prévention, le diagnostic et le traitement des maladies du système nerveux durant la petite enfance. D'autre part, le développement cérébral et ses changements morphologiques sont très rapides pendant les premières semaines après la naissance. De ce fait, des atlas cérébraux liés à l'âge représentant les caractéristiques anatomiques aiguisées d'une population néonatale sont indispensables. Un prérequis pour une telle quantification de développement est la connaissance de la résolubilité temporelle. Nous avons formulé une hypothèse d'intervalle de deux semaines comme la résolubilité temporelle de modèles liés à l'âge pour étudier le développement cérébral morphologique macroscopique au début de semaines après la naissance. Donc, nous avons construit deux modèles pour les tranches d'âge gestationnelles de 39-40 semaines et de 41-42 semaines utilisant T1- pondéré des images. Alors, nous avons comparé la variation spatiale de points de repère anatomiques, la moyenne et la longueur maximale de déformation spatiale dans 30 sujets normalisés aux deux modèles le long des directions x, y et z. MANOVA a révélé la différence significative entre les variations spatiales des susdites caractéristiques macroscopiques dans les deux tranches d'âge. En outre, l'analyse quantitative de caractéristiques dispersant rapporté le même résultat même dans des caractéristiques pour lesquelles l'hypothèse nulle n'a pas été rejetée par MANOVA. De plus, la même procédure a été réaffirmée sur deux ensembles de sujets avec la tranche d'âge plus proche d'une semaine (l'âge gestationnelle de 40 et 41 semaines) et aucune différence significative ne pourrait être détectée. Les résultats renforcent l'hypothèse qui de deux semaines est la résolubilité temporelle de modèles liés à l'âge pour les études morphologiques macroscopiques du cerveau se développant au début de semaines après la naissance. Dans cette thèse, nous avons construit deux atlas cérébraux néonataux pour les tranches d'âge de gestation de 39-40 et 41-42 semaines avec 16 images de résonance magnétiques T1-pondéré utilisant un enregistrement groupé amélioré. Des images néonatales ont été normalisées aux atlas néonataux nouvellement créés et précédemment disponibles. La similitude entre ces atlas et des images normalisées a été calculée via des informations mutuelles. Le moyen d'informations mutuelles entre des images normalisées et les nouveaux atlas utilisant l'algorithme proposé est plus grand. Ce résultat confirme la similitude plus grande entre des images normalisées et les atlas créés dans cette thèse. En plus, le développement cérébral néonatal a été analysé utilisant la déformation basé sur la méthode morphométrique. Les atlas cérébraux liés à l'âge construits avec la méthode morphométrique pourraient être applicables pour l'étude de changements anatomiques cérébraux de régions locales<br>The quantification of neonatal brain development has a significant role in understanding, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of nervous system diseases in infancy time. On the other hand, brain development and its morphological changes are very fast during the first weeks after birth. Therefore, age-related brain atlases representing sharp anatomical features of a neonatal population are indispensable. A prerequisite for such quantification of development is knowledge about temporal resolvability. We hypothesized two-week interval as the temporal resolvability of age-related templates to study macroscopic morphological brain development in the early weeks after birth. Therefore, we constructed two templates for the gestational age ranges of 39-40 and 41-42 weeks using T1-weighted MR images. Then, we compared the spatial variation of anatomical landmarks and the average and the maximal length of spatial deformation in 30 subjects normalized to the two templates along x, y and z directions. MANOVA revealed significant difference between spatial variations of the above macroscopic features in the two age ranges. Furthermore, quantitative analysis of feature scattering yielded the same result even in features for which the null hypothesis was not rejected by MANOVA. Moreover, the same procedure was reiterated on two sets of subjects with the closer age range of one week (40 and 41 week's gestational age) and no significant difference could be detected. The results strengthen the hypothesis that two-week is the temporal resolvability of age-related templates for macroscopic morphological studies of the developing brain in the early weeks after birth. In this thesis, we constructed two neonatal brain atlases for the age ranges of 39-40 and 41-42 weeks' gestational age with 16 T1-weighted magnetic resonance images using an improved groupwise registration. Neonatal images were normalized to the newly created and previously available neonatal atlases. The similarity between these atlases and normalized images was calculated via mutual information. The mean of mutual information between normalized images and the new atlases using the proposed algorithm is larger. This result confirms the greater similarity between normalized images and the atlases created in this thesis. Besides, neonatal brain development was analyzed using deformation based morphometry method. The constructed age-related brain atlases with morphometry method could be applicable for the study of brain anatomical changes in local regions
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Djenoune, Lydia. "Molecular and morphological analysis and spinal cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2015MNHN0018.
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Le liquide céphalorachidien (LCR) enveloppe l’intégralité du système nerveux central (SNC). Il assure le transport d’éléments permettant la modulation de l’activité du SNC. Ce phénomène suggère que des signaux du LCR pourraient agir sur des neurones du SNC via des cellules réceptrices bordantes. Dans la moelle épinière, les neurones candidats à cette fonction intégratrice sont les neurones contactant le liquide céphalorachidien (NcLCRs). L’extension apicale caractéristique des NcLCRs contient des microvillosités baignant dans le LCR suggérant des fonctions sensorielles et/ou sécrétrices. La description des NcLCRs dans plus de 200 vertébrés suggère une fonction majeure. Cependant, le manque de marqueurs spécifiques et la difficulté d’accéder aux NcLCRs ont ralenti l’étude de leur physiologie. Nos travaux ont permis l’identification de PKD2L1, un canal transient receptor potential, comme marqueur spécifique des NcLCRs médullaires du poisson-zèbre, de la souris et du macaque. Après avoir généré des lignées transgéniques de poisson-zèbre spécifiques des NcLCRs en clonant un promoteur minimal de pkd2l1, nous avons décrit l’hétérogénéité moléculaire et morphologique des NcLCRs tout comme leur niveau élevé d’activité calcique spontanée chez l’embryon restreinte aux NcLCRs ventraux. En générant des mutants de pkd2l1, nous avons montré que le canal portait cette activité aux stades précoces du développement et testé le rôle de cette activité dans la morphogenèse des NcLCRs. Dans leur ensemble, nos travaux caractérisent un répertoire de marqueurs moléculaires spécifiques ainsi que la morphologie des NcLCRs<br>The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is circulating around the entire central nervous system (CNS). It conveys signals modulating the activity of the nervous system. This phenomenon implies that cues from the CSF could act on neurons of the brain and the spinal cord via bordering receptor cells. In the spinal cord, candidate neurons to allow these functions are the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons (CSF-cNs). The atypical apical bulbous dendritic extension of CSF-cNs bears a cluster of microvilli bathing in the CSF indicating putative sensory or secretory roles. The fact that CSF-cNs have been described in over two hundred vertebrates suggests an important function within the spinal cord. However, the lack of specific markers and the difficulty to access CSF-cNs hampered their physiological investigation. Here we identified PKD2L1, a transient receptor potential channel, as a specific marker of spinal CSF-cNs in zebrafish, mouse and macaque. Next we generated specific transgenic zebrafish lines targeting CSF-cNs by cloning a minimal pkd2l1 promoter. We took advantage of these stable transgenic lines to describe the molecular and morphological heterogeneity of CSF-cNs as well as the striking level of spontaneous embryonic calcium activity restricted to the ventral CSF-cNs. By generating pkd2l1 mutants using TALENs, we showed that pkd2l1 drives spontaneous calcium activity in CSF-cNs at early stages of development and we tested the role of this early activity on CSF-cN morphogenesis. Altogether our work characterized a repertoire of molecular markers and morphology of CSF-cNs by taking advantage of the transparency and genetic accessibility of zebrafish
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Swisher, Karen E. "Systematic vocabulary instruction through morphological analysis with post-secondary students." The Ohio State University, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1272471845.
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Sload, Eric John. "MICROWEAR ANALYSIS OF CRAB CLAW FINGERS: A FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGICAL APPROACH." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1405441339.
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Shah, Rakshit Dixitkumar. "Three-dimensional Morphological Analysis of Normative and Manipulated Carpal Tunnel." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1579183487797445.
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Benazzi, Stefano <1977>. "Image analysis in the morphological and morphometric study of teeth." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/326/1/IMAGE_ANALYSIS_IN_THE_MORPHOLOGICAL_AND_MORPHOMETRIC_STUDY_OF_TEETH.pdf.
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The subject of this doctoral dissertation concerns the definition of a new methodology for the morphological and morphometric study of fossilized human teeth, and therefore strives to provide a contribution to the reconstruction of human evolutionary history that proposes to extend to the different species of hominid fossils. Standardized investigative methodologies are lacking both regarding the orientation of teeth subject to study and in the analysis that can be carried out on these teeth once they are oriented. The opportunity to standardize a primary analysis methodology is furnished by the study of certain early Neanderthal and preneanderthal molars recovered in two caves in southern Italy [Grotta Taddeo (Taddeo Cave) and Grotta del Poggio (Poggio Cave), near Marina di Camerata, Campania]. To these we can add other molars of Neanderthal and modern man of the upper Paleolithic era, specifically scanned in the paleoanthropology laboratory of the University of Arkansas (Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA), in order to increase the paleoanthropological sample data and thereby make the final results of the analyses more significant. The new analysis methodology is rendered as follows: 1. Standardization of an orientation system for primary molars (superior and inferior), starting from a scan of a sample of 30 molars belonging to modern man (15 M1 inferior and 15 M1 superior), the definition of landmarks, the comparison of various systems and the choice of a system of orientation for each of the two dental typologies. 2. The definition of an analysis procedure that considers only the first 4 millimeters of the dental crown starting from the collar: 5 sections parallel to the plane according to which the tooth has been oriented are carried out, spaced 1 millimeter between them. The intention is to determine a method that allows for the differentiation of fossilized species even in the presence of worn teeth. 3. Results and Conclusions. The new approach to the study of teeth provides a considerable quantity of information that can better be evaluated by increasing the fossil sample data. It has been demonstrated to be a valid tool in evolutionary classification that has allowed (us) to differentiate the Neanderthal sample from that of modern man. In a particular sense the molars of Grotta Taddeo, which up until this point it has not been possible to determine with exactness their species of origin, through the present research they are classified as Neanderthal.
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Benazzi, Stefano <1977>. "Image analysis in the morphological and morphometric study of teeth." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/326/.
Texto completoResumen
The subject of this doctoral dissertation concerns the definition of a new methodology for the morphological and morphometric study of fossilized human teeth, and therefore strives to provide a contribution to the reconstruction of human evolutionary history that proposes to extend to the different species of hominid fossils. Standardized investigative methodologies are lacking both regarding the orientation of teeth subject to study and in the analysis that can be carried out on these teeth once they are oriented. The opportunity to standardize a primary analysis methodology is furnished by the study of certain early Neanderthal and preneanderthal molars recovered in two caves in southern Italy [Grotta Taddeo (Taddeo Cave) and Grotta del Poggio (Poggio Cave), near Marina di Camerata, Campania]. To these we can add other molars of Neanderthal and modern man of the upper Paleolithic era, specifically scanned in the paleoanthropology laboratory of the University of Arkansas (Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA), in order to increase the paleoanthropological sample data and thereby make the final results of the analyses more significant. The new analysis methodology is rendered as follows: 1. Standardization of an orientation system for primary molars (superior and inferior), starting from a scan of a sample of 30 molars belonging to modern man (15 M1 inferior and 15 M1 superior), the definition of landmarks, the comparison of various systems and the choice of a system of orientation for each of the two dental typologies. 2. The definition of an analysis procedure that considers only the first 4 millimeters of the dental crown starting from the collar: 5 sections parallel to the plane according to which the tooth has been oriented are carried out, spaced 1 millimeter between them. The intention is to determine a method that allows for the differentiation of fossilized species even in the presence of worn teeth. 3. Results and Conclusions. The new approach to the study of teeth provides a considerable quantity of information that can better be evaluated by increasing the fossil sample data. It has been demonstrated to be a valid tool in evolutionary classification that has allowed (us) to differentiate the Neanderthal sample from that of modern man. In a particular sense the molars of Grotta Taddeo, which up until this point it has not been possible to determine with exactness their species of origin, through the present research they are classified as Neanderthal.