Tesis sobre el tema "Systèmes de spins, frustration"
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Feldner, Hélène. "Propriétés magnétiques de systèmes à deux dimensions : système frustré de spins sur réseau carré et propriétés magnétiques de systèmes finis de graphènes". Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6180.
Texto completoThis thesis is about the magnetic properties of two different two dimensional systems. The first one corresponds to vanadates or cuprate crystals, which can be studied by a spin system on square lattice and a Heisenberg model with three couplings, a ferromagnetic first neighbor coupling and antiferromagnetic second and third neighbor couplings. This system is frustrated and lead to a non trivial classical phase diagram. We have studied the influence of quantum fluctuation using a Holstein-Primakov approach and the Schwinger bosons model. The second system studied corresponds to graphene of finite size. To study this system we use a mean field approximation of the Hubbard model. In a first step we recover within our method well known results and check that the model has been correctly implemented. In a second step, in order to assess the accuracy of this method, we perform complementary exact diagonalization calculations, and compare our results with quantum Monte Carlo simulations. And in the last part we will show evidence of a dynamical signature of the zigzag edge magnetization of finite sample of graphene
Ziat, Djamel. "Étude de systèmes magnétiques par rotations de spins de muons et chaleur spécifique". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10159.
Texto completoFerhat, Karim. "Fluctuations quantiques dans des systèmes de spins et de charges en interaction". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY087/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on two different spin and charge systems, interacting under the effect of quantum fluctuations.The first project highlights the phase diagram of interacting electrons on a kagome lattice. This diagram is driven by two Coulomb repulsions. The first is a on site repulsion, and the second a nearest neighbor one. These two repulsions are in competition with quantum fluctuations of electronic charges. Four phases are depicted, two are unknown and the two other are in agreement with the literature. The two new phases are stabilized in the strong on site repulsion regime. When nearest neighbor repulsions are strong enough to induce a charge local constraint, the system enters in a so called Heisenberg-Loop Phase. These loops are antiferromagnetically arranged and can be described by a Heisenberg-like model in which both charge and spin play surprisingly a role in the exchange interaction. The second new phase is stabilized in the regime where nearest neighbor interactions are too weak to maintain the local constraint. Then, half of the electrons are delocalized in unidimensional Bloch states similar to quantum polarized electronic bubbles. These bubbles are trapped in an inversely polarized electronic cristal formed by the other electrons. This peculiar phase is favored by both quantum charge fluctuations in the bubbles, and antiferromagnetic exchanges between their electrons and the cristal ones.The second project deals with a Terbium Double-Decker molecular magnet. This molecule is modeled by three interacting degrees of freedom. The first is a nuclear spin of the Terbium ion, and the second is the electronic spin of this same ion. The two spins interact via a magnetic exchange.In a first approximation, the effect of the electronic spin is to induce a dipolar field. Finally, the last degree of freedom is carried by two ligands under the influence of the dipolar field. The ligands play the role of a read-out quantum dot, and by conductance measurements through this last one, we can probe the electronic spin and then, the nuclear spin. The first step of this project highlights the modeling of the global system. Then numerical computations are depicted and are in a quantitative agreement with the experimental measurements realized during the thesis of Stefan Thiele and Clément Godfrin.On the other hand, by applying electrical Radio Frequency Fields, we can drive quantum fluctuations on the nuclear spin. This quantum manipulation of the spin is realized by the dynamic deformation of the electron cloud under the effect of the Radio Frequency Field. As a result, we are able to implement a Grover Quantum Algorithm on the nuclear field. This thesis focuses on the realization of a simulation program that was a tool used by Clément Godfrin to successfully implement the Grover Algorithm
Cherrier, Raphaël. "Étude de systèmes de spins complexes ou désordonnés : analogies avec la transition vitreuse structurelle". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840704.
Texto completoSakly, Nahed. "Investigations structurale et physique du système d'oxydes à chaînes de spins Ising (Sr, Ca)1+xCoxMn1-xO3". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC232.
Texto completoThis manuscript presents the experimental study of structural and physical properties of a spin chain compounds Sr4-xCaxCoMn2O9, belonging to the large oxides family A1+XA'XB1-XO3. In this series, the 1D chains are made up of the octahedra MnO6 (Mn4+) and trigonal prisms CoO6 (Co2+) connected by the faces, and distributed over a triangular lattice with an antiferromagnetic coupling between them. These chains exhibit a strong Ising-type magnetic anisotropy, originating from the cation Co2+ (HS, 3d7, S = 3/2). First of all, the structural study of these chains reveals that they can be immcommensurate, due to a change in the degree of oxidation of cobalt depending on the synthesis conditions. Then, we were interested in the study of the two compounds Sr4CoMn2O9 (x=0) and Sr2Ca2CoMn2O9 (x=2). The x=0 compound showed the absence of long-range magnetic ordering (LRO) and dynamic spin relaxation responses, typical of Single-Ion Magnet (SIM) and Single-Chain Magnet (SCM), of which the amplitude of their characteristic peaks depends on the (in)commensurability. On the other hand, in x = 2, only the SIM response was observed at low temperature, and which coexists with the LRO at TN ~ 28 K. The neutron diffraction data show that this LRO is compatible with a partially disordered antiferromagnetic state (PDA). A particular pre-transitional regime was also observed between TN and T* (~ 32.5 K), which was considered to be a precursor effect of LRO. Furthermore, a magneto-electric (ME) coupling has also been demonstrated within this compound. The mechanism of this ME coupling has been discussed as a result of exchange-striction phenomenon. Finally, we studied the magnetic anisotropy in oriented samples, whose grain morphology was optimized by different heat treatments
Domenge, Jean-Christophe. "Brisures de symétrie dans les modèles de Heisenberg classiques et quantiques en deux dimensions". Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010943.
Texto completoVaccarelli, Ornella. "Exotic phenomena in the new frustrated spin ladder Li2Cu2O(SO4)2". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS117.
Texto completoThe study of frustrated spin-1/2 ladder systems is a fundamental task in condensed matter physics, as they fulfill all the requirements favouring the emergence of new and exotic phenomena. However, despite decades of theoretical work devoted to the study of these spin ladders, real material realizations of such systems still remain limited. In this thesis, we investigate the magnetic properties of a new compound Li2Cu2O(SO4)2. This system appears as a very rare realization of a S=1/2 frustrated two-leg spin ladder in its high-temperature tetragonal structure, where geometrical frustration arises from competing interactions along the legs. Moreover, temperature dependent neutron and X-ray diffraction reveal the presence of a structural phase transition occurring at around 125 K. Combining the experimental and theoretical approaches, we demonstrate that this weak and progressive distortion, while maintaining the global geometry of a ladder, induces the formation of a staggered dimer structure through a large magnetoelastic coupling, removing most of the magnetic frustration. Furthermore, we present the first detailed investigation of the low-temperature magnetic excitations of Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 combining magnetic susceptibility, infrared spectroscopy and inelastic neutron scattering measurements. Experimental observations are qualitatively explained by exact diagonalization and higher-order perturbation calculations carried out on the basis of the dimerized geometry derived from first principle calculations
Mambrini, Matthieu. "Etude des excitations de basse énergie dans des systèmes magnétiques frustrés de basse dimensionnalité : gap de spin et singulets de basse énergie". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001912.
Texto completoGawiec, Pierre. "Propriétés statiques et dynamiques des états de basse énergie d'un système de spins bidimensionnel anisotrope désordonné". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10206.
Texto completoSchreiber, Georg R. "Systèmes désordonnés et frustrés: modèles champ moyen et problèmes d'optimisation combinatoire". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00000825.
Texto completoKrzakala, Florent. "Aspects géométriques et paysages d'énergies des verres de spins : étude d'un système désordonné et frustré en dimension finie". Paris 6, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002232.
Texto completoCadavez, Peres Paula. "Etude du magnétisme des systèmes géométriquement frustrés RMn2Hx : influence de la pression et des substitutions chimiques". Paris 11, 2002. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00230161.
Texto completoIn laves phases hydrides AMN2Hy (A = Y or magnetic rare earth), the hydrogen lattice strongly interacts with the magnetic sublattices, especially with the topologically frustrated MN lattice. We have studied the magnetic order by neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering, and we have observed a great variety of magnetic behaviors controlled by the presence or not of rare earth magnetism, the substitutions in the frustrated MN sublattice, the H content and the amount of H order. This work has revealed new magnetic phases combining strong magnetic disorder and high ordering temperatures. Pressure induces fascinating features in these disordered compounds : chemical segregation of hydrogen, isostructural transitions or even the stabilisation of a new type of long range magnetic order. More-over, we have performed the first neutron diffraction study under pressure in the topologically frustrated compound TB2TI2O7, which shows spin liquid behaviour, and have observed the onset of long range magnetic order
Dupuis, Vincent. "Dynamique lente des systèmes magnétiques désordonnés". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002623.
Texto completoGuitteny, Solène. "Etude de systèmes frustrés par diffusion neutronique : Pr2Zr2o7 et Tb2Ti2o7 sont-ils des glaces de spin quantiques ?" Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066370/document.
Texto completoThis work is the neutron scattering study of the pyrochlores Tb2Ti2O7 and Pr2Zr2O7. These compounds where magnetic ions are Non-Kramers ions are expected to be quantum spin ices. In Pr2Zr2O7, the study of the elastic and inelastic response together with the study of the magnetic structures in applied magnetic field lead to the conclusion that the magnetic ground state is a mixing of the wave functions of the crystal-field ground state doublet because of quadrupolar terms in the Hamiltonian. These terms would originate from a coupling to the lattice. Using the mean-field approximation, a model based on a local structural distortion reproduces quite well our measurements. Despite strong differences with Pr2Zr2O7, our measurements provide evidence for a similar mechanism in Tb2Ti2O7. Again, this would be caused by multipolar terms in the Hamiltonian reflecting a strong coupling of the magnetic moments to the lattice. Then, these pyrochlores would not be quantum spin ices. Instead, the extreme sensibility to the environment characteristic of the Non-Kramers ions would lead to these fluctuations. Our measurements of samples slightly off-stoichiometry emphases the strong reactivity of the magnetic behavior of these compounds
Harman-Clarke, Adam. "Contraintes Topologiques et Ordre dans les Systèmes Modèle pour le Magnétisme Frustré". Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENSL0659.
Texto completoIn this thesis a series of model frustrated magnets have been investigated. Their common parent is the spin ice model, which is transformed into the kagome ice and square ice models in two-dimensions, and an Ising spin chain model in one-dimension. These models have been examined with particular interest in the spin ordering transitions induced by constraints on the system: a topological constraint leads, under appropriate conditions, to the Kasteleyn transition in kagome ice and a lattice freezing transition is observed in square ice which is due to a ferromagnetic ordering transition in an Ising chain induced solely by finite size effects. In all cases detailed Monte Carlo computational simulations have been carried out and compared with theoretical expressions to determine the characteristics of these transitions. In order to correctly simulate the kagome ice model a loop update algorithm has been developed which is compatible with the topological constraints in the system and permits the simulation to remain strictly on the groundstate manifold within the appropriate topological sector of the phase space. A thorough survey of the thermodynamic and neutron scattering response of the kagome ice model influenced by an arbitrary in-plane field has led to a deeper understanding of the Kasteleyn transition, and a computational model that can predict neutron scattering patterns for kagome ice materials under any experimental conditions. This model has also been shown to exhibit quantised thermodynamic properties under appropriate conditions and should provide a fertile testing ground for future work on the consequences of topological constraints and topological phase transitions. A combined investigation into the square ice and Ising chain models has revealed ordering behaviour within the lattice that may be decoupled from underlying ferro- magnetic ordering and is particularly relevant to magnetic nanoarrays
Krzakala, Florent. "Aspects géométriques et paysage d'énergie des verres de spins: étude d'un système désordonné et frustré en dimension finie". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002232.
Texto completoCanals, Benjamin. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés de quelques systèmes magnétiques frustrés". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10142.
Texto completoSaifi, Ali. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés magnétiques des systèmes spinelles isolants CdCr2xIn2-2xS4 et ZnCr2xGa2-2xO4 : phases type verre de spin". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066519.
Texto completoPUHA, IOANA. "Frustration et desordre dans les systemes de spins". Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112159.
Texto completoPerrin, Yann. "Réseaux artificiels à frustration géométrique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY054/document.
Texto completoSince a decade, a big interest has grown about geometrically frustrated nanomagnets arrays. They allow experimental realisation of theoretical spin models, that sometimes have no natural counterpart. In addition to their high flexibility, these networks provide a direct access to local spin configurations. The work presented in this manuscript aims to realise experimentally the so-called "square ice" model, using nanomagnets array. This highly frustrated model has already been theoretically studied. It is found to have a massively degenerated ground state, associated to a residual entropy at low temperature. In this thesis, we present two approaches that should achieve the square ice model.The first one consists to introduce additional magnets in the conventional square nanomagnets array. They can act through an effective coupling between the magnets of the initial network. The condition required is that additional magnets should behave passively against main magnets. We will show in a theoretical study that a reciprocal space analysis of the Hamiltonian fails to grasp the essential properties of the new model. By computing the energy of a number of random spins configurations, we will show that the square ice model can be achieved. A special attention will be paid to the influence of the range and the nature of magnets interactions. Using finite-difference micromagnetic simulations, we will determine the geometries adapted to an experimental realisation. We were able to make such networks using the microfabrication tools available in the laboratory. Our magnets are made of thin permalloy films. This allows the magnets to reach a superparamagnetic regime during a thermal annealing. We observed that additional magnets have the expected influence on square nanomagnets arrays. However, an experimental bias caused a high residual magnetisation in some networks. This effect has unfortunately hided the correlations expected in the square ice model. But this work shown an unexpected effect. Additional magnets appear to enhance thermal fluctuations in the networks.The second approach is to raise the magnets oriented in one of the two directions of the square lattice. For the study of this new system, a methodology similar to that described above will be used. Theoretically, the control of the elevation can explore three different spins models, including the square ice model. We made arrays for different elevations, estimated by micromagnetic calculations. For technical reasons, we worked with thick permalloy nanomagnets. Their thickness makes them insensitive to thermal fluctuations. Fluctuations are then introduced using a decreasing rotating magnetic field. Our simulations show that this particular dynamic stimulates emergence of ferromagnetic correlations. The field demagnetisation then reduce the elevations required for achieving the square ice model. We have experimentally observed that the elevation has an effect perfectly consistent with our previsions. Experimental structure factors show that we succeed to achieve the square ice model with nanomagnets. This approach allowed us to observe, for the first time, a Coulomb phase in the real space. This work opens interesting perspectives for studying the excitations of this phase. It has previously been shown that they are similar to classical magnetic monopoles
Chapuis, Yann. "Frustration géométrique, transitions de phase et ordre dynamique". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00463643.
Texto completoPerron, Jonathan. "Diffusion résonante des rayons x mous dans la glace de spins artificielle". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066562/document.
Texto completoFrustration is a concept in physics which appears when all interactions in a system cannot be satisfied at the same time. Artificial spin ice is an example of a magnetic system that is frustrated by the competition between the dipolar interactions. So far, the properties of this metamaterial has been studied by means of microscopic techniques with the disadvantage of a limited dynamical range. At a time when dimensions of the nanomagnets allow the access to fast dynamics using magnetic fluctuations, the time-resolution of scattering techniques could make them relevant for such studies.Soft x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (SXRMS) is a magnetic-sensitive technique with a resolution compatible with the dimensions of artificial spin ice. The scope of this thesis is to demonstrate that SXRMS can bring relevant information about the magnetic organisation in artificial spin ice. It is organized in two parts. The fabrication of scattering-compatible artificial spin ice samples is described step by step. Then, the studies of both artificial square and kagome spin ice are presented. Signals of magnetic origin have been recorded, bringing insights in the magnetic organization of the system. While most of the studies have been performed on static systems, a small chapter is presenting a serie of studies using non-microscopic techniques which include systems with fluctuating magnetic moments.The different studies performed within this thesis demonstrate that artificial spin ice can not only be studied by microscopy techniques, but that scattering and non-microscopic methods are also relevant. In particular, it opens the way to more advanced experiments such as, in the x-ray domain, the illumination of the system with a coherent beam in order to resolve the nature of the very short magnetic correlations using x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy technique. The presented work is therefore a first step toward the study of dynamics in artificial spin ice
LOISON, DAMIEN. "Phenomenes critiques dans des systemes de spins antiferromagnetiques effets de la frustration". Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA077180.
Texto completoOrain, Jean-Christophe. "Frustration géométrique et nouveaux états quantiques de spins dans les composés vanadates fluorés à géométrie kagomé". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS113/document.
Texto completoThe search for quantum liquid state is a very active field in condensed matter research. In two dimensions, the antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 kagome lattice seems to be the most able to stabilize such a ground state. Indeed, from recent theoretical investigations, we are now quite sure that this model has a quantum spin liquid ground state. However, we still do not know its nature, in particular the nature of its correlations. They could be short ranged with a gap in the excitation spectrum, or long ranged with a gapless excitation spectrum. On the experimental side, only few materials exist and only one possesses a geometrically perfect lattice, the Herbertsmithite. All the experiments that have been done on this compound reveal a gapless spin liquid state along with deviations to the spin 1/2 Heisenberg hamiltonian which could be responsible of the gap closure.This thesis deals with the experimental study, mainly by NMR and µSR, of new vanadium based kagomé compounds which are part of a newly synthesized family, the kagome fluoride vanadates. The material that we studied the most is a spin 1/2 kagomé compound based on V4+, (NH4)2[C7H14N][V7O6F18] (DQVOF). The magnetic model of this compound can be decomposed in two rather independent parts, trimerized kagome planes and quasi paramagnetic V3+ ions. The µSR studies, showing the absence of frozen moment down to 20 mK, reveal a spin liquid ground state in DQVOF. The heat capacity and the NMR experiments point out a gapless behavior despite trimerization and likely weak Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interactions. Our results demonstrate that the gapless ground state, whether intrinsic or due to deviation to the ideal hamiltonian, is a rather robust characteristic of kagome materials.Furthermore, we studied another compound of this family, (NH4)2[C2H8N][V3F12] (DDVF), which magnetic lattice is made of uncoupled kagomé planes based on V3+ (S = 1). The lattice shows large deviations to the ideal kagomé and the thermodynamic experiments and the µSR studies reveal a magnetic transition to a frozen state at 10 K with a long distance order which is effective only below 6 K
Brunel, Vivien. "Systèmes de spins quantiques unidimensionnels. Désordre et impuretés". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00000893.
Texto completoFrançois, Olivier. "Systèmes de spins synchronisés : modèles de Hopfield stochastiques". Grenoble 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE10020.
Texto completoChen, Linxiao. "Cartes planaires aléatoires couplées aux systèmes de spins". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS096/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to improve our understanding of random planar maps decorated by statistical physics models. We examine three particular models using tools coming from analysis, combinatorics and probability. From a geometric perspective, we focus on the interface properties and the local limits of the decorated random maps. The first model defines a family of random quadrangulations of the disk decorated by an O(n)-loop model. After completing the proof of its phase diagram initiated in [BBG12c] (Chap. II), we look into the lengths and the nesting structure of the loops in the non-generic critical phase (Chap. III). We show that these statistics, described as a labeled tree, converge in distribution to an explicit multiplicative cascade when the perimeter of the disk tends to infinity. The second model (Chap. IV) consists of random planar maps decorated by the Fortuin-Kasteleyn percolation. We complete the proof of its local convergence sketched in [She16b] and establish a number of properties of the limit. The third model (Chap. V) is that of random triangulations of the disk decorated by the Ising model. It is closely related to the O(n)-decorated quadrangulation when n=1. We compute explicitly the partition function of the model with Dobrushin boundary conditions at its critical point, in a form ameneable to asymptotics. Using these asymptotics, we study the peeling process along the Ising interface in the limit where the perimeter of the disk tends to infinity.Key words. Random planar map, O(n) loop model, Fortuin-Kasteleyn percolation, Ising model, local limit, interface geometry
Chioar, Ioan-Augustin. "Glaces kagomé de spins artificiels : de la dégénérescence à courte-portée vers l'ordre dipolaire". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY033/document.
Texto completoArtificial spin networks were initially proposed as toy-spin models destined for the investigation of magnetic frustration effects in two-dimensional spin lattices, a complementary approach to the study of the magnetic frustration encountered in spin ice pyrochlores. Generally fabricated via lithography techniques, these arrays of nano-scale magnetic islands can be designed at-will. Given the size and shape of the elements, their magnetization is almost uniform throughout their volume, thus making these islands act like classical Ising spins. Combined with the possibility of individually imaging the magnetic degrees of freedom in real space, these systems offer an almost infinite playground for the investigation of competing interactions in magnetostatic frameworks and potential for the experimental discovery of novel and exotic magnetic phases. However, unlike their condensed matter counterparts, first-generation artificial spin networks are insensitive to thermal fluctuations, requiring other driving mechanisms for accessing their complex low-energy manifolds. A field-protocol has been employed for driving such networks towards their ground-state configurations, although they only partially manage to accommodate pair-island interactions. More recently, thermally-active artificial spin networks have been introduced, surpassing the limits of demagnetized arrays in the quest for exotic low-energy spin textures.This thesis presents experimental and numerical studies performed on artificial kagome spin arrays, one of the most frustrated two-dimensional lattices. The kagome spin ice geometry has received most of the community's attention as it presents highly degenerate manifolds and unconventional spin textures. Within a dipolar long-range framework, it displays a low-temperature regime characterized by the coexistence of a crystalline phase, associated to the magnetic charge, and a disordered spin lattice. While demagnetizing such artificial kagome arrays cannot access this exotic state, thermally-active networks can locally retrieve such a phase, creating crystallites of antiferromagnetically-ordered magnetic charges. The first part of this work presents the experimental protocol employed to this purpose. A kinetic model is also proposed that successfully captures the observed experimental features and explains the efficiency of this approach.The second part of the current thesis presents a study of a novel artificial spin ice system, the artificial kagome Ising network. This network primarily differs from the kagome spin ice array by having its magnetic moments pointing along the vertical axis. A recent study of this system has concluded that, after demagnetization, these two artificial kagome networks display similar pairwise spin correlation development and their final frozen states can be well characterized by short-range interaction models. Through the use of demagnetization protocols, magnetic force microscopy and Monte Carlo simulations, it is demonstrated that long-range dipolar interactions between the magnetic elements cannot be neglected when describing the remanent states of demagnetized artificial kagome Ising networks. These results assess the limits of the reported universal behavior of artificial kagome lattices and enrich the spectrum of magnetic phases that could be achieved with such nanostructured systems. Indeed, Monte Carlo simulations indicate that this kagome Ising network presents a different low-energy behavior than kagome spin ice, the incipient stages of which have been accessed experimentally, but its dipolar ground-state configuration remains unknown. Nevertheless, by inspecting the low-temperature thermodynamic features of this array and through the use of a geometrical construction, a ground-state candidate is provided
Lavarelo, Arthur. "De la frustration et du désordre dans les chaînes et les échelles de spins quantiques". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923197.
Texto completoNagy, Zoltan. "Systèmes intégrables et algèbres de réflexion dynamiques". Cergy-Pontoise, 2005. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/05CERG0270.pdf.
Texto completoThis thesis is a contribution to the study of different dynamical quadratic algebras and their applications to integrable systems. Dynamical quadratic algebras are generalizations of the reflection algebra introduced by Cherednik to deal with integrable systems on the half-line, and more generally with integrable systems with open boundary conditions. We define two dynamical quadratic algebras : fully dynamical and semi-dynamical. The former is a simple generalization of the boundary elliptic quantum group, the latter is a new structure. We show in both cases how to build families of commuting Hamiltonians as quantum analogues of the trace of powers of the classical Lax-matrix. We also show, making use of the comodule structure which we elucidate, how to construct spin chain type Hamiltonians using the representations of these algebras as building blocks. These results are self-contained in the sense that they make no use of the vertex-IRF correspondence linking dynamical and non-dynamical algebras
Bocquet, Marc. "Chaînes de Spins, Fermions de Dirac, et Systèmes Désordonnés". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001560.
Texto completoEl-Bouanani, Hicham. "Vorticité dans des systèmes de spins à symétrie continue". Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00381684.
Texto completoDans le Chapître 1, on rappelle quelques propriétés de l'interaction entre plus proches voisins, pour le rotateur, ou sa version simplifiée appelée modèle de Villain. On introduit aussi le modèle du champ moyen.
Le modèle de Kac, qui partage certains aspects de ces deux modèles, est étudié au Chapître 2. Par un procédé d'homogénéisation, on ramène essentiellement l'étude de la mesure de Gibbs en volume fini à celle de la fonctionnelle énergie libre $\cal F$, généralisant des techniques utilisées dans le modèle d'Ising.
Les propriétés de vorticité du modèle de Kac sont analysées dans le Chapître 3, où l'on détermine les extrema de $\cal F$, avec conditions limite. On met ainsi en évidence des configurations très similaires à celles des solutions des équations de Ginzburg-Landau.
Dans le Chapître 4 on passe au cas quantique, en introduisant la notion de "matrice de vorticité" à température inverse $\beta$, dont on calcule le "degré non-commutatif". Il apparaît ainsi, pour le modèle XY de spin 1/2, des configurations de vorticité analogues à celles rencontrées dans le cas classique.
El, Bouanani Hicham. "Vorticité dans des systèmes de spins à symétrie continue". Toulon, 2008. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00381684v2.
Texto completoThis thesis concerns spins systems with continuous symmetry on a 2-D lattice. For XY model we consider second order phase transitions [Berezinskii, Kosterlitz and Thouless], related with vorticity of Gibbs states or order parameters (minimizers of free energy). Vortices are analogues with interfaces in Ising model; but internal continuous symmetry smears out phase transitions, excluding in 2-D spontaneous alimentation and allowing for a delay of correlation functions, even at low temperature. For Heisenberg model with Kac potential, vortices are replaced by instantons
BOUBCHEUR, EL HASSANE. "Transition de phase dans des systemes de spins : effets de la frustration et du couplage magnetoelastique". Cergy-Pontoise, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CERG0053.
Texto completoDargis, Pierre. "Structures non-locales dans les systèmes intégrables, systèmes KdV supersymétriques et chaînes de spins". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0005/NQ39345.pdf.
Texto completoAubourg, Lucile. "Contrôle et transmission de l'information dans les systèmes de spins". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCD003/document.
Texto completoAt an atomic level, the spin control is an essential aim in quantum physics. Unfortunately, the presence of noises disturbs this last. The goal is to find the conditions which we have to impose to the environment in order that the control is not disturbed by the noise. The study of a spin chain characterized by three couplings (Heisenberg, Ising-Z and Ising-X interactions) freely evolving is taken as reference. We observe that the Heisenberg interaction corresponds to an isotropic coupling. The Ising-Z one conserves the order into the chain whereas the Ising-X one is really disordered. We consider a more complex quantum system by adding some control and analyzing its adiabatic behavior. This last is composed by a system and an environment, for which the coupling is perturbative. Three adiabatic regimes have been highlighted. Some formulas allowing to obtain the wave function across the time have been established for these three regimes. However, in practice, quantum systems are not isolated. The interaction with their environment can lead to more complex behaviors, driving the control more difficult. We have studied spin systems, coupled or not, kicked by some ultrashort magnetic pulse trains. These trains cross a classical environment (stationary, drift, Markovian, microcanonical) modifying the strength and the delay of each pulse. The modification of the trains by the environment is one of the sources of the disorder into the spin system. This disorder is transmitted between the spins by the coupling. In this study we do not succeed in controlling the system when the trains are in the presence of the previous environments. To remedy this situation, we force the magnetic pulses to cross a chaotic environment. Before a time t, called horizon of coherence, the system coupled by an Heisenberg interaction and submitted to a chaotic environment remains coherent whereas after, the population and the coherence of one spin and of the average spin of the system tend to go near the microcanonical distribution. During this horizon, it is possible to realize some quantum control either by total control (control of the system at every instants) or by information transmission. This study allows us to determine an empirical formula of the horizon of coherence. Finally, we have tried to find a more formal approach for this horizon
Villar, Vincent. "Etude expérimentale des effets quantiques dans deux systèmes de spins : aimant moléculaire Fe8 et chaîne de spins quantiques". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE10255.
Texto completoQUARTU, ROCCO. "Desordre partiel et transitions de phase dans des systemes de spins quantiques et classiques frustres". Cergy-Pontoise, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CERG0035.
Texto completoLefevre, Alexandre. "États métastables dans les systèmes désordonnés : des verres de spins aux". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003321.
Texto completoDans une première partie, les propriétés dynamiques essentielles des modèles de verres de spins en champ-moyen sont passées en revues. La notion d'état métastable est ensuite discutée, ainsi que le lien avec la perte d'ergodicité dans la phase vitreuse. Enfin, plusieurs méthodes numériques et analytiques permettant de calculer l'entropie configurationnelle sont exposées en détail.
La seconde partie traite des états métastables dans les milieux granulaires. Un algorithme de "tapping" y est introduit, permettant d'obtenir un modèle paradigmatique pour l'étude des systèmes granulaires vibrés, partiellement accessible analytiquement. Le scénario proposé par Edwards selon lequel dans l'état stationnaire tous les états métastables sont visités avec la même probabilité est testée sur plusieurs modèles. L'étude de modèles unidimensionnels permet de comprendre la validité de cette approche aux grandes densités, alors que l'étude de modèles sur des graphes aléatoires montre que la mesure d'Edwards permet de décrire de façon précise des phénomènes non triviaux comme des transitions de phase. Enfin, des tests permettant de vérifier expérimentalement cette approche sont proposés.
Costes, Mathilde. "Systèmes de spins de basse dimension : étude sous champ magnétique intense". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30151.
Texto completoWe studied magnetic and transport properties under intense magnetic field in low dimensional magnetic spins systems. The frustrated quasi-1D Ising system, A3A'BO6, allows the study of the properties of conduction as well as the analysis of the relation between the magnetic and electronic correlations. The various experimental techniques used, enabled us to highlight important dynamic effects at low temperature for three compounds Ca3Co2O6, Ca3CoIrO6 and Sr3NiIrO6 as well as the close relation between the magnetic and electronic correlations in these compounds. We also probed two Heisenberg systems of spin 1/2. For the vanadate eta-Na1. 286V2O5, magnetization and EPR measurements, permitted to determine the value of the gap predicted by measurements of susceptibility and showed the apparition of a plateau to 1/9 of the saturation magnetization. For CaCu2O3, EPR measurements showed the role of the impurities in the establishment of the order at long distance in the compound
Barthélemy, Quentin. "Etudes par RMN, µSR et chaleur spécifique de liquides de spins quantiques dans des matériaux à géométrie kagome". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP065.
Texto completoThe kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet decorated with quantum spins is a fascinating model where to look for exotic quantum states including the elusive spin liquids. Despite its apparent simplicity, there is still no consensus on the exact nature of the ground state and of the excitation spectrum. The current availability of quantum kagome materials, each with their own deviation to the pure Heisenberg model, allows to confront a fair amount of experimental results to theoretical predictions and study the effect of perturbations inherent to real materials. The experimental work presented in this manuscript examines two directions.First, we focus on the emblematic herbertsmithite ZnCu₃(OH)₆Cl₂, with perfect kagome planes. It is the closest materialization of the pure Heisenberg model so far (J~180 K) and exhibits attributes of a quantum spin liquid at low temperatures, with the absence of magnetic long-range order and the persistence of spin dynamics. As main perturbations, we can mention magnetic impurities between the kagome planes and a finite out-of-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya component (Dz~0.06J). With a comprehensive ¹⁷O NMR study on a high-quality single crystal, we were able to measure the intrinsic (kagome) low-temperature static spin susceptibility and spin dynamics, and we show unambiguously that the excitation spectrum is gapless, at variance with valence bond crystal states and numerous spin liquid candidates that are characterized by gapped excitations. Moreover, the disclosed static spin susceptibility restores some convergence with a fermionic Dirac cone model now advocated for in most numerical works. To shed another light on the low energy density of states, we measured the specific heat on high-quality single crystals. The kagome intrinsic specific heat is obtained in high magnetic fields only: at low magnetic fields, another dominant contribution prevents any conclusive analysis. Remarkably, the kagome specific heat is found to be almost field-independent up to 34 T. This seems to be at odds with a fermionic nature for the excitations, which in such a case would form field-induced Fermi pockets. Yet, as expected for Dirac particles, the density of states appears to vanish in the zero-temperature limit. Although the exact nature of the excitations remains unclear, our results severely constrain future theoretical developments. Further, thanks to NMR and specific heat, we were also able to identify field-induced transitions or crossovers at very low temperatures, and we present a tentative phase diagram. We also used µSR to investigate the robustness of the spin liquid state, which extends at least up to 28 kbar. Second, we introduce two new closely related materials, that implement interesting variants of herbertsmithite: the insulating yttrium kapellasites YCu₃(OH)₆OxCl₃-x, with compositions x=0 and x=1/3. These two compounds are fortuitous outcomes of the ongoing – and still unsuccessful – effort for doping herbertsmithite, by replacing the divalent zinc cations by monovalent or trivalent cations. In yttrium kapellasites, copper ions also build a kagome lattice with antiferromagnetic in-plane couplings, and the structure forbids interlayer impurities. The ground state properties are determined using bulk thermodynamics and µSR on powdered samples. The x=0 compound has a perfect kagome geometry but displays an ordered ground state, which is attributed to a large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya anisotropy. The x=1/3 compound has a slightly distorted kagome geometry displaying anisotropic interactions, but exhibits features of spin liquid physics. Yet, we show with a comparative ³⁵Cl NMR study, that single crystal samples of the latter material actually develop static magnetism at variance with the polycrystalline samples. We conclude that Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya anisotropy and/or the modified kagome magnetic lattice in the x=1/3 compound are likely at the origin of the low-temperature magnetic transition
Gauthé, Olivier. "Méthodes de réseaux de tenseurs pour les systèmes de spins SU(N)". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30279.
Texto completoThe study of strongly correlated electron systems is one of the most challenging target of modern condensed matter physics. Beyond the Mott transition, these systems are magnetic insulators that can be described by a spin wavefunction. This concept can be generalized by replacing the spin variable by an irreducible representation of the group SU(N), which is relevant in some cold atomic gases experiments. This thesis aims to determine the physical properties of paradigmatic wavefunctions of condensed matter systems ruled by SU(N) symmetry using tensor network algorithms. These methods have already proven to be efficient to tackle problems with discrete variables on a lattice. Here, the formalism of Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) is used to design elementary tensors with intrinsic SU(N) symmetry that describe quantum spin liquid phases. This method is first applied to the generalization to SU(3) symmetry group and in two dimensions on the square lattice of the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) wavefunction. It is shown to belong to the class of symmetry protected topological phases. Subsequently, the generalization to SU(N) of resonant valence bond (RVB)-like states on the square lattice is investigated, first for staggered fundamental-conjugate representations. A system of two SU(4) fermions per site is then considered and described with generalized RVB wavefunctions. These states are shown to represent a Z2 topological quantum spin liquid, possibly chiral, that does not break any spatial symmetry. A reasonable, short-range Hamiltonian able to stabilize this phase is proposed
Tissier, Matthieu. "Une approche non perturbative de systèmes frustrés et de systèmes désordonnés". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001045.
Texto completoBarois, Philippe. "Effets de frustration dans les systèmes à ordre unidimensionnel : application aux smectiques polaires". Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10525.
Texto completoLefevre, Alexandre. "Etats métastables dans les systèmes vitreux : des verres de spins aux milieux granulaires". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30070.
Texto completoForestier, Guillaume. "Transport quantique dans les verres de spins". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY023/document.
Texto completoThe experiments presented in this thesis associate two fields of condensed matter physic, on the one hand with the spin glass physic and the other hand with the mesoscopic physic. The spin glass state is one of the most emblematic of disordered and frustred system and at low temperature, it is caracterized by an unconventionel order where the magnetic disorder is quenched. Moroever, it is considered as a model system for glasses in general and thereby it has been extensively studied, both experimentally and theoreticlly. After extensive research efforts, the description of fundamental state of the system has lead towards two well different approaches. The first, given by the mean field solution, highlights a fundamental composed of mulitple states organised and hierarchical. The second, called droplet model is based on the off--equilibrium dynamic of a unique ground state. However, despite these contributions, the understanding ot this phase is far from being complete and the nature of the ground state still remains an open question. In a mesoscopic conductor, the transport of electron is coherent: electrons keep the memory of their phase, so that one can observe interference effects. The main motivation of this work is to use these interference effects in order to to probe the spin glass state. Indeed, as electronic interference depends of the position of the static disorder, coherent transport can be a useful tool to study the configuration of the microscopic disorder. Althought few coherent transport experiments exist to probe the spin glass, this field of research has very little explored. Nevertheless, this area has been a revival thanks to theoritical work, showing how coherent transport is sensitived to the quenched disorder and how it may provide informations of the nature of fundamental state of spin glass. So, this experimental work deals with the implementation of transport measurements in mesoscopic spin glasses. The first part of the study is focused on the general charateristics of classical and quatum transport of these system. We have examined the resistivity as a function of the temperature and magnetic field and we show that these mesoscopic systems have a spin glass-like behaviour. In a second part, we have focused on the low field magnetoresistivity. We show that it presents a strong hysteresis, whose the amplitude is strongly depends, both of the temperature in the glassy phase and sweeping rate of the magnetic field. We argue that this particular behaviour is related to the out off-equilibrium of the system and we show how the temperature and the sweeping rate control the deviation to the equilibrium. In this part, we also examine by transport measurements how the system relaxes towards the equilibrium just after its excitation. In addition, we present surprinsing transport propreties that we observed, resulting of experimental protocols more sophisticated in temperatures and magnetic fields
Cherrier, Raphaël. "Etude de systèmes de spins complexes ou désordonnés : analogies avec la transition vitreuse structurelle". Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30136.
Texto completoRoux, Guillaume. "Echelles de spins dopées sous champ magnétique". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00167129.
Texto completode charge et superfluidité est mise en perspective avec les résultats sur les échelles dopées.
Hoang, Danh tai. "Transition de phase et transport de spin dans des systèmes complexes : systèmes de spins frustrés, cristaux moléculaires et cristaux liquides". Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00867690.
Texto completoMöller, Gunnar. "Espaces dynamiques réduits en physique de la matière condensée :Systèmes à effet Hall bicouches, réduction dimensionnelle et systèmes de spins magnétiques". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00121765.
Texto completoOn introduit une classe générale d'états appariés de fermions composites. Ces fonctions d'onde sont exploitées pour analyser l'état fondamental des systèmes bicouches à effet Hall au facteur de remplissage total un. A partir d'une étude de Monte Carlo variationnel nous concluons que la transition de phase compressible à incompressible observée dans ce système est du deuxième ordre. Nous étudions également la question de l'existence d'un état apparié à demi-remplissage dans les simples couches. Ensuite nous considérons des schémas de réduction dimensionnelle de systèmes bidimensionnels sur la sphère vers des systèmes unidimensionnels sur le cercle. Un tel mapping est établi pour des systèmes libres et un candidat pour un système d'anyons généralisé est proposé. Finalement, nous analysons les systèmes de spins magnétiques sur réseaux bidimensionnels et discutons si un état de glace de spins peut exister en présence d'interactions dipolaires à longue portée.