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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "T-particles"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 7 de junio de 2025

Última modificación: 2 de agosto de 2025

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1

Kakani, Kishore, Ron Reade, Umesh Katpally, Thomas Smith, and D'Ann Rochon. "Induction of Particle Polymorphism by Cucumber Necrosis Virus Coat Protein Mutants In Vivo." Journal of Virology 82, no. 3 (2007): 1547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01976-07.

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ABSTRACT The Cucumber necrosis virus (CNV) particle is a T=3 icosahedron consisting of 180 identical coat protein (CP) subunits. Plants infected with wild-type CNV accumulate a high number of T=3 particles, but other particle forms have not been observed. Particle polymorphism in several T=3 icosahedral viruses has been observed in vitro following the removal of an extended N-terminal region of the CP subunit. In the case of CNV, we have recently described the structure of T=1 particles that accumulate in planta during infection by a CNV mutant (R1+2) in which a large portion of the N-terminal

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2

LUCCI, FRANCESCO, ANTONINO FERRANTE, and SAID ELGHOBASHI. "Modulation of isotropic turbulence by particles of Taylor length-scale size." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 650 (March 19, 2010): 5–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009994022.

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This study investigates the two-way coupling effects of finite-size solid spherical particles on decaying isotropic turbulence using direct numerical simulation with an immersed boundary method. We fully resolve all the relevant scales of turbulence around freely moving particles of the Taylor length-scale size, 1.2≤d/λ≤2.6. The particle diameter and Stokes number in terms of Kolmogorov length- and time scales are 16≤d/η≤35 and 38≤τp/τk≤178, respectively, at the time the particles are released in the flow. The particles mass fraction range is 0.026≤φm≤1.0, corresponding to a volume fraction of

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3

Duan, Shouhui, Bixuan Fan, and Zhenglu Duan. "Geometric Stochastic Resonance in an Asymmetric T-Shaped Chamber." Symmetry 15, no. 12 (2023): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15122183.

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The investigation of a Brownian particle subjected to an AC force that diffuses within a T-shaped chamber was conducted. This T-shaped chamber is composed of a strip cavity and a trapezoidal cavity positioned below it. The interplay between the AC force and asymmetric geometry creates a spatially bistable potential perpendicular to the AC force. With the assistance of noise, the particles can transition between two stable states and oscillate along the AC force at corresponding amplitudes at every spatially stable state. The asymmetric geometry facilitates the trapezoid cavity’s ability to mor

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4

Brun, Marte Beheim, Andrei Shpak, and Stefan Jacobsen. "Shape and Size of Particles Scaled from Concrete Surfaces during Salt Frost Testing and Rapid Freeze/thaw in Water." Nordic Concrete Research 64, no. 1 (2021): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2021-0001.

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Abstract Thickness (T), Length (L), Width (W) and size distribution of scaled concrete particles in frost testing were measured. T (mm) increases with particle size surprisingly similarly for different concrete qualities and frost test methods. 2T/(L+W) reduces as function of size and is lowest for the largest particles of the salt scaling test: 0.1 – 0.15 but increases if large aggregate particles scale. Particle size distributions from salt frost testing peak for particles of 1-2 mm. The particles are flakier compared to particles from freeze/thaw in water which also have flatter size distri

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5

Klimčík, Ctirad. "T-duality and T-folds for point particles." Physics Letters B 812 (January 2021): 136009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2020.136009.

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6

Sagitov, Serik, and Jonas Jagers. "Rank-dependent Galton‒Watson processes and their pathwise duals." Advances in Applied Probability 50, A (2018): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apr.2018.82.

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Abstract We introduce a modified Galton‒Watson process using the framework of an infinite system of particles labelled by (x,t), where x is the rank of the particle born at time t. The key assumption concerning the offspring numbers of different particles is that they are independent, but their distributions may depend on the particle label (x,t). For the associated system of coupled monotone Markov chains, we address the issue of pathwise duality elucidated by a remarkable graphical representation in which the trajectories of the primary Markov chains and their duals coalesce to form forest g

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7

Abad, Alexis, Alexandre Fahy, Quentin Frodello, Barbara Delestre, Mohamed Talbi, and Marc Brunel. "Particle Shape Recognition with Interferometric Particle Imaging Using a Convolutional Neural Network in Polar Coordinates." Photonics 10, no. 7 (2023): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070779.

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A convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to identify the morphology of rough particles from their interferometric images. The tested particles had the shapes of sticks, crosses, and dendrites as well as Y-like, L-like, and T-like shapes. A conversion of the interferometric images to polar coordinates enabled particle shape recognition despite the random orientations and random sizes of the particles. For the non-centrosymmetric particles (Y, L, and T), the CNN was not disturbed by the twin image problem, which would affect some classical reconstructions based on phase retrieval algorithms

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8

Kozako, Tomohiro, Katsuhiko Fukada, Shinya Hirata, et al. "Efficient Induction of HTLV-1-Specific CTL Response by HTLV-1/HBc Chimeric Particle without Adjuvant as a Prophylactic for HTLV-1- Associated T-Cell Leukemia." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.84.84.

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Abstract Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive peripheral T-cell neoplasm that develops only after long-term chronic infection with human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1). HTLV-1-specific Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) play an important role in suppressing proliferation of HTLV-1-infected or transformed T cells in vitro. The development of ATLL in approximately 2% of persons chronically infected with HTLV-1 may suggest a specific immunegenetic background predisposing to CTL failure in a proportion of HTLV-1 carriers. On the other hand, virus like particle is demonstrated to ind

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9

Vázquez-Vázquez, C., P. Kögerler, M. A. López-Quintela, R. D. Sánchez, and J. Rivas. "Preparation of LaFeO3 particles by sol-gel technology." Journal of Materials Research 13, no. 2 (1998): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1998.0058.

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The study of submicroscopic particles in already known systems has resulted in a renewed interest due to the large differences found in their properties when the particle size is reduced, and because of possible new technological applications. In this work we report the preparation of LaFeO3 particles by the sol-gel route, starting from a solution of the corresponding metallic nitrates and using urea as gelificant agent. Gels were decomposed at 200 °C and calcined 3 h at several temperatures, T, in the range 250–1000 °C. The samples were structurally characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) sh

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10

Pogan, Ronja, Victor U. Weiss, Kevin Bond, et al. "N-terminal VP1 Truncations Favor T = 1 Norovirus-Like Particles." Vaccines 9, no. 1 (2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9010008.

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Noroviruses cause immense sporadic gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. Emerging genotypes, which are divided based on the sequence of the major capsid protein VP1, further enhance this public threat. Self-assembling properties of the human norovirus major capsid protein VP1 are crucial for using virus-like particles (VLPs) for vaccine development. However, there is no vaccine available yet. Here, VLPs from different variants produced in insect cells were characterized in detail using a set of biophysical and structural tools. We used native mass spectrometry, gas-phase electrophoretic mobilit

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11

DÁVILA, J., and J. C. R. HUNT. "Settling of small particles near vortices and in turbulence." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 440 (August 10, 2001): 117–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001004694.

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The trajectories of small heavy particles in a gravitational field, having fall speed in still fluid V˜T and moving with velocity V˜ near fixed line vortices with radius R˜v and circulation Γ˜, are determined by a balance between the settling process and the centrifugal effects of the particles' inertia. We show that the main characteristics are determined by two parameters: the dimensionless ratio VT = V˜TR˜v/Γ˜ and a new parameter (Fp) given by the ratio between the relaxation time of the particle (t˜p) and the time (Γ˜/V˜2T) for the particle to move around a vortex when VT is of order unity

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12

Farazmand, Mohammad, and Themistoklis Sapsis. "Surface Waves Enhance Particle Dispersion." Fluids 4, no. 1 (2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids4010055.

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We study the horizontal dispersion of passive tracer particles on the free surface of gravity waves in deep water. For random linear waves with the JONSWAP spectrum, the Lagrangian particle trajectories are computed using an exact nonlinear model known as the John–Sclavounos equation. We show that the single-particle dispersion exhibits an unusual super-diffusive behavior. In particular, for large times t, the variance of the tracer ⟨ | X ( t ) | 2 ⟩ increases as a quadratic function of time, i.e., ⟨ | X ( t ) | 2 ⟩ ∼ t 2 . This dispersion is markedly faster than Taylor’s single-particle dispe

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13

Povoroznyk, O. M., O. K. Gorpinich, G. V. Mokhnach, O. A. Ponkratenko та O. O. Jachmenjov. "On the structure of excited states of nuclei 4He, 6He and 6Li from the 3H(α, tt)p and 3H(α, τt)n reactions". Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 11, № 2 (2010): 141–50. https://doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2010.02.141.

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Analysis of the spectra τ-t and t-t coincidences obtained for different pairs of registration angles τ-particles and tritons in the kinematically complete study of three-particle 3H(α, tt) and 3H(α, τt) nuclear reactions at energies of the alpha particles 67.2 MeV was performed. Experimentally, a single state with t + t structure of He (E* ≈ 18.3 MeV), and the doublet structure τ + t in the 6Li (E* ≈ 21.59 MeV and E* ≈ 21.9 MeV) were observed higher than the corresponding thresholds of decay. At the same time energy positions and widths of 2 - 4 excited states of 4He and the ratios of their de

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14

Saito, Eiji, Stephen J. Gurczynski, Kevin R. Kramer, et al. "Modulating lung immune cells by pulmonary delivery of antigen-specific nanoparticles to treat autoimmune disease." Science Advances 6, no. 42 (2020): eabc9317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc9317.

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Antigen-specific particles can treat autoimmunity, and pulmonary delivery may provide for easier delivery than intravenous or subcutaneous routes. The lung is a “hub” for autoimmunity where autoreactive T cells pass before arriving at disease sites. Here, we report that targeting lung antigen-presenting cells (APCs) via antigen-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) particles modulates lung CD4+ T cells to tolerize murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Particles directly delivered to the lung via intratracheal administration demonstrated more s

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15

Rallison, J. M. "Brownian diffusion in concentrated suspensions of interacting particles." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 186 (January 1988): 471–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112088000230.

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In this paper we set out to calculate the self-diffusivity of a Brownian particle in a concentrated suspension. The problem is treated by regarding the neighbours of a test particle as forming a ‘cage’. For short time t < tc, say, the particle is partially constrained by the cage and an equation is proposed to describe the coupled dynamics of particle and cage. The equation is shown to be asymptotically exact in some cases and acceptably accurate for other simple systems by comparing with Monte Carlo simulations. For times t > tc, the particle diffuses sufficiently far to escape its orig

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16

Gao, Kunfeng, Franz Friebel, Chong-Wen Zhou, and Zamin A. Kanji. "Enhanced soot particle ice nucleation ability induced by aggregate compaction and densification." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 7 (2022): 4985–5016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4985-2022.

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Abstract. Soot particles, acting as ice nucleating particles (INPs), can contribute to cirrus cloud formation, which has an important influence on climate. Aviation activities emitting soot particles into the upper troposphere can potentially impact ice nucleation (IN) in cirrus clouds. Pore condensation and freezing (PCF) is an important ice formation pathway for soot particles in the cirrus regime, which requires the soot INP to have specific morphological properties, i.e., mesopore structures. In this study, the morphology and pore size distribution of two kinds of soot samples were modifie

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17

Salakhudinov, Mukhammadzokhir, Behzad Matyakubov, and Tae-Jin Lee. "Wastewater Treatment through Sequencing Batch Reactor: Adaptation of a Hydro-cyclone Decanter to Enhance Particle Segregation." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 46, no. 10 (2024): 528–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2024.46.10.528.

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Objectives:This study investigates the integration of a hydro-cyclone decanter into Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) systems to enhance particle segregation during the decanting phase, aiming to improve removal efficiencies of suspended particles in SBR. Methods:A hydro-cyclone separator was designed for the SBR reactor, optimizing particles separation using centrifugal forces without extensive process modifications. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance with synthetic and actual wastewater at different concentrations and flow rates.Results and Discussion:The hydro-cyclone decan

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18

FALBO-KENKEL, M. K., and F. MANSOURI. "'t HOOFT'S SCATTERING AMPLITUDE FROM CHERN–SIMONS–WITTEN GRAVITY IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS." Modern Physics Letters A 06, no. 35 (1991): 3255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732391003754.

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By using canonical phase space variables different from those associated with individual particles, we couple the Chern–Simons–Witten gravity to point-like sources. The resulting theory provides an alternative to the usual test particle approximation and yields 't Hooft's scattering amplitude in the limit of two very massive slowly moving particles.

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19

Myshkis, P. A., A. G. Tatashev, and M. V. Yashina. "Discrete closed one-particle chain of contours." Prikladnaya Diskretnaya Matematika, no. 52 (2021): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/20710410/52/8.

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A discrete dynamical system called a closed chain of contours is considered. This system belongs to the class of the contour networks introduced by A. P. Buslaev. The closed chain contains N contours. There are 2m cells and a particle at each contour. There are two points on any contour called a node such that each of these points is common for this contour and one of two adjacent contours located on the left and right. The nodes divide each contour into equal parts. At any time t = 0,1, 2,... any particle moves onto a cell forward in the prescribed direction. If two particles simultaneously t

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20

Alshamari, Murdhy R., and Yazeed M. Hammouri. "Grammaticalisation of Raħ in Dialectal Arabic: Generative Phases." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 12, no. 6 (2022): 1133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1206.13.

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The lexical item raħ has undergone two phases of grammaticalisation, from a lexical item used as a lexical verb to a temporal-functional particle T-raħ, and further to a discourse-functional particle D-raħ. Syntactic diagnostics show that both T-raħ and D-raħ have developed properties of head status, adopting conventional Minimalist and Cartographic principles (Chomsky, 2000; Rizzi, 1997; Frascarelli & Hinterhölzl, 2007), where evidence is deduced from the fact that movement of a head is sensitive to intervention effects in the course of the derivation (Rizzi, 2006). The novelty about raħ

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21

Jang, Seonghyeon, Jeonggyu Kim, Greg M. McFarquhar, et al. "The Impacts of Single-Scattering and Microphysical Properties of Ice Particles Smaller Than 100 µm on the Bulk Radiative Properties of Tropical Cirrus." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (2022): 3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133002.

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There are large uncertainties in the single-scattering (i.e., morphologies) and microphysical (i.e., concentrations) properties of ice particles whose size are less than ~100 µm. Insufficient resolutions of the most advanced cloud probes (e.g., cloud particle imager) cannot resolve the micrometer-scale morphologies of small ice particles. Further, the shattering of large ice particles on probes’ inlets or tips causes uncertainties in the measurement of the concentrations of small ice particles. These uncertainties have large impacts on the single-scattering and microphysical properties of smal

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22

Wiemers-Meyer, Simon, Marc Vahnstiege, Till-Niklas Kroeger, et al. "Quantifying the Inactivation of Battery Electrode Material Particles." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 2 (2023): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-022206mtgabs.

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Lithium ion batteries, like any other battery technology, tend to lose capacity with continued charging and discharging. One of the effects contributing to the decline in capacity is the inactivation of positive electrode material particles. The electrodes typically consist of polydisperse active material particles, a conductive agent and a binder. By charging and discharging of the battery the active material particles are lithiated and delithiated. If a particle becomes inactive, e.g. by losing the electronical contact or by the formation of ion blocking surface films, it stops following the

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23

Los, Victor F. "Nonlinear generalized master equations: quantum case." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2024, no. 1 (2024): 013107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ad0f92.

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Abstract A system of N ≫ 1 interacting spinless quantum particles, described by a statistical operator F(t), is considered. A time-dependent projection operator formalism for a family of projectors, which select a statistical operator F S ( t ) for a group of S < N relevant particles by integration of the variables of the irrelevant N − S ‘environment’ particles, is presented. This formalism results in a nonlinear version of the inhomogeneous Nakajima–Zwanzig generalized master equation (GME) for the relevant part of the statistical operator F(t), which contains an undesirable initial condi

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24

Ferrão, Inês A. S., Miguel A. A. Mendes, Ana S. O. H. Moita, and André R. R. Silva. "The Addition of Particles to an Alternative Jet Fuel." Fuels 3, no. 2 (2022): 184–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fuels3020012.

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The expansion of the research on nanoscale particles demonstrates several advantages in terms of stability and an increased surface area to volume ratio compared to micron-sized particles. Based on this, the present work explores the addition of aluminum particles in hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO), an alternative jet fuel. To evaluate the influence of particle sizes, nano and micron particles (40 nm and 5 μm) in a particle concentration of 0.5 wt.% were stably suspended in HVO. This study evaluates droplet combustion with an initial diameter of 250 μm in a drop tube furnace under different f

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25

David, G., B. Thomas, T. Nousiainen, A. Miffre, and P. Rairoux. "Retrieving simulated volcanic, desert dust and sea-salt particle properties from two/three-component particle mixtures using UV-VIS polarization lidar and T matrix." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 14 (2013): 6757–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6757-2013.

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Abstract. During transport by advection, atmospheric nonspherical particles, such as volcanic ash, desert dust or sea-salt particles experience several chemical and physical processes, leading to a complex vertical atmospheric layering at remote sites where intrusion episodes occur. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed to analyse this complex vertical layering in the case of a two/three-component particle external mixtures. This methodology relies on an analysis of the spectral and polarization properties of the light backscattered by atmospheric particles. It is based on combining a s

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26

Cao, Sheng, José O. Maldonado, Iwen F. Grigsby, Louis M. Mansky, and Wei Zhang. "Analysis of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Particles by Using Cryo-Electron Tomography." Journal of Virology 89, no. 4 (2014): 2430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02358-14.

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The particle structure of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is poorly characterized. Here, we have used cryo-electron tomography to analyze HTLV-1 particle morphology. Particles produced from MT-2 cells were polymorphic, roughly spherical, and varied in size. Capsid cores, when present, were typically poorly defined polyhedral structures with at least one curved region contacting the inner face of the viral membrane. Most of the particles observed lacked a defined capsid core, which likely impacts HTLV-1 particle infectivity.

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27

Kocher, Jacob, Tammy Bui Castellucci, Ke Wen, et al. "Simvastatin Reduces Protection and Intestinal T Cell Responses Induced by a Norovirus P Particle Vaccine in Gnotobiotic Pigs." Pathogens 10, no. 7 (2021): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070829.

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Noroviruses (NoVs) are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. P particles are a potential vaccine candidate against NoV. Simvastatin is a cholesterol-reducing drug that is known to increase NoV infectivity. In this study, we examined simvastatin’s effects on P particle-induced protective efficacy and T-cell immunogenicity using the gnotobiotic pig model of human NoV infection and diarrhea. Pigs were intranasally inoculated with three doses (100 µg/dose) of GII.4/VA387-derived P particles together with monophosphoryl lipid A and chitosan adjuvants. Simvastatin-fed pigs received 8 m

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Becton, Matthew, Jixin Hou, Yiping Zhao, and Xianqiao Wang. "Dynamic Clustering and Scaling Behavior of Active Particles under Confinement." Nanomaterials 14, no. 2 (2024): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14020144.

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A systematic investigation of the dynamic clustering behavior of active particles under confinement, including the effects of both particle density and active driving force, is presented based on a hybrid coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation. First, a series of scaling laws are derived with power relationships for the dynamic clustering time as a function of both particle density and active driving force. Notably, the average number of clusters N¯ assembled from active particles in the simulation system exhibits a scaling relationship with clustering time t described by N¯∝t−m. Simulta

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Neilands, K., M. Bernats, and J. Rubulis. "Accumulation and modeling of particles in drinking water pipe fittings." Drinking Water Engineering and Science Discussions 5, no. 1 (2012): 139–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwesd-5-139-2012.

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Abstract. The effect of pipe fittings – mainly T-pieces – on particle accumulation in drinking water distribution networks is shown in this work. The online measurements of flow and turbidity for cast iron, polyethylene and polyvinylchloride pipe sections have been linked with the analysis of pipe geometry. Up to 0.29 kg of the total mass of particles was found to be accumulated in T-pieces ranging from DN 100/100–DN 250/250. The accumulated amount of particles in the fittings was defined as J and introduced into the existing turbidity model PODDS (Prediction of Discolouration in Distribution

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Yan, Xiaojie, William Trevillyan, Ioannina Castano, Yugang Sun, Ralph Muehleisen, and Jie Li. "Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Thermochromic M-Phase VO2 Particles via Rapid One-Step Hydrothermal Reaction: Effect of Mixers." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (June 10, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2570698.

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VO2 particles are promising materials for thermochromic smart windows that reduce building energy loss. Continuous-flow hydrothermal processes showcase advantages for synthesizing VO2 particles compared with traditional batch reaction systems. Mixers play a crucial role in particle fabrication in continuous-flow systems. In this study, a Center T-Mixer and a Collision Cross-Mixer are developed and implemented in a hot water fluidized suspension reaction (HWFSR) system. The influence of the resident time on the particle phase and size was evaluated, and properties of particles derived from syst

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Neilands, K., M. Bernats, and J. Rubulis. "Accumulation and modeling of particles in drinking water pipe fittings." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 5, no. 1 (2012): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-5-47-2012.

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Abstract. The effect of pipe fittings (mainly T-pieces) on particle accumulation in drinking water distribution networks were shown in this work. The online measurements of flow and turbidity for cast iron, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride pipe sections were linked with analysis of pipe geometry. Up to 0.29 kg of the total amount mobilized in T-pieces ranging from DN 100/100–DN 250/250. The accumulated amount of particles in fittings was defined as J and introduced into the existing turbidity model PODDS (prediction of discoloration in distribution systems) proposed by Boxall et al. (2001)

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32

Zhang, Hao, Lorenzo Sironi, Dimitrios Giannios, and Maria Petropoulou. "The Origin of Power-law Spectra in Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection." Astrophysical Journal Letters 956, no. 2 (2023): L36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acfe7c.

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Abstract Magnetic reconnection is often invoked as a source of high-energy particles, and in relativistic astrophysical systems it is regarded as a prime candidate for powering fast and bright flares. We present a novel analytical model—supported and benchmarked with large-scale three-dimensional kinetic particle-in-cell simulations in electron–positron plasmas—that elucidates the physics governing the generation of power-law energy spectra in relativistic reconnection. Particles with Lorentz factor γ ≳ 3σ (here, σ is the magnetization) gain most of their energy in the inflow region, while mea

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33

Zakaria, A. M., M. A. Jamaludin, M. Z. Zakaria, R. Hassan, and S. A. Bahari. "Effect of incorporating different types of Sentang tree waste particle on the thermal stability of Wood Polymer Composite (WPC)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 951, no. 1 (2022): 012077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/951/1/012077.

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Abstract This article presents the potential use of tree waste materials such as the leaves (L), branches (B) and trunks (T) of Azadirachta excelsa (Sentang) tree in the production of wood polymer composite (WPC). The WPC was fabricated from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as bonding matrix, maleic anhydride (MA) as coupling agent, and Sentang tree waste particles (L, B and T) as filler, prepared using twin-screw extruder followed by injection moulding machine. The effects of incorporating these types of Sentang tree waste particle (at 35% and 45% particles loading by weight) on the thermal s

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KOTELENEZ, PETER M., and BRADLEY T. SEADLER. "ON THE HAHN–JORDAN DECOMPOSITION FOR SIGNED MEASURE VALUED STOCHASTIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS." Stochastics and Dynamics 12, no. 01 (2012): 1150009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219493712003584.

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Let N-point particles be distributed over ℝd, d ∈ ℕ. The position of the ith particle at time t will be denoted r(t, qi) where qi is the position at t = 0. mi ∈ ℝ\{0} is the "weight" of the ith particle. Let δr be the point measure concentrated in r and [Formula: see text] the initial mass distribution of the N-point particles. The empirical mass distribution (also called the "empirical process") at time t is then given by [Formula: see text] i.e. by the N-particle flow. In Kotelenez (2008) the weights are positive and the motion of the positions of the point particles is described by a stocha

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35

HO, CHIU MAN, and THOMAS J. WEILER. "PHYSICAL AND STABLE CLOSED TIME-LIKE CURVES." Modern Physics Letters A 28, no. 01 (2013): 1250237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732312502379.

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We construct a class of closed time-like curves (CTCs) using a compactified extra dimension u. A nonzero metric element gtu(u) enables particles to travel backwards in global time t. The compactified dimension guarantees that the geodesic curve closes in u. The effective 2D (t and u) nature of the metric ensures that spacetime is flat, therein satisfying all the classical stability conditions as expressed by the energy conditions. Finally, stationarity of the metric guarantees that a particle's energy is conserved. The pathologies that plague many hypothesized metrics admitting CTCs, e.g., an

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36

Monzen, Ryoichi, Kenichi Takada, and Kenji Matsuda. "Coarsening kinetics of Cu particles in an Fe-1.5% Cu alloy." International Journal of Materials Research 94, no. 11 (2003): 1241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2003-0224.

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Abstract The Ostwald ripening of spherical and rod-shaped Cu precipitate particles in an Fe-1.5 mass% Cu alloy aged between 873 and 1023 K has been examined by measuring both the particle size by electron microscopy and the Cu concentration in the α-Fe matrix by electrical resistivity. The average radius of spherical and rod-shaped particles increases with ageing time t as t 1/3, in agreement with the growth by diffusion-controlled coarsening. The kinetics of the depletion of supersaturation with t obey the predicted t – 1/3 time law. The Cu/α-Fe interfacial energy and the diffusivity of Cu in

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37

Candor, Kathleen, Lingmei Ding, Sai Balchand, Jason E. Hammonds, and Paul Spearman. "The CLIC/GEEC pathway regulates particle uptake and formation of the virus-containing compartment (VCC) in HIV-1-infected macrophages." PLOS Pathogens 21, no. 3 (2025): e1012564. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012564.

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HIV-1 particles are captured by the immunoglobulin superfamily member Siglec-1 on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells, leading to particle internalization and facilitating trans-infection of CD4+ T cells. HIV-1-infected macrophages develop a unique intracellular compartment termed the virus-containing compartment (VCC) that exhibits characteristic markers of the late endosome and is enriched in components of the plasma membrane (PM). The VCC has been proposed as the major site of particle assembly in macrophages. Depleting Siglec-1 from macrophages significantly reduces VCC formatio

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38

Gu, Yile, Ali Ozel, Jari Kolehmainen, and Sankaran Sundaresan. "Computationally generated constitutive models for particle phase rheology in gas-fluidized suspensions." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 860 (December 4, 2018): 318–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.856.

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Developing constitutive models for particle phase rheology in gas-fluidized suspensions through rigorous statistical mechanical methods is very difficult when complex inter-particle forces are present. In the present study, we pursue a computational approach based on results obtained through Eulerian–Lagrangian simulations of the fluidized state. Simulations were performed in a periodic domain for non-cohesive and mildly cohesive (Geldart Group A) particles. Based on the simulation results, we propose modified closures for pressure, bulk viscosity, shear viscosity and the rate of dissipation o

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39

Santra, Saikat, Prashant Singh, and Anupam Kundu. "Tracer dynamics in the active random average process." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2024, no. 6 (2024): 063204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ad485f.

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Abstract We investigate the dynamics of tracer particles in the random average process (RAP), a single-file system in one dimension. In addition to the position, every particle possesses an internal spin variable σ ( t ) that can alternate between two values, ±1, at a constant rate γ. Physically, the value of σ ( t ) dictates the direction of motion of the corresponding particle and, for finite γ, every particle performs non-Markovian active dynamics. Herein, we study the effect of this non-Markovian behavior in the fluctuations and correlations of the positions of tracer particles. We analyti

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40

Hu, Shuai, Lei Liu, Taichang Gao, and Qingwei Zeng. "Design and Validation of the Invariant Imbedded T-Matrix Scattering Model for Atmospheric Particles with Arbitrary Shapes." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (2019): 4423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204423.

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Light scattering by non-spherical particles is an important factor influencing atmospheric radiative transfer. To accurately simulate the scattering properties of non-spherical particles, the Invariant Imbedded T-matrix method (IIM T-Matrix) is developed by combining the Lorenz–Mie theory and invariant imbedding technique. In this model, the non-spherical particle is regarded as an inhomogeneous sphere and discretized into multiple spherical layers in the spherical coordinate system. The T-matrix of the inscribed sphere is firstly calculated by the Lorenz–Mie theory, and then taking it as the

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41

Shannon, Sydney R., Zoe Hsieh, Jordan Green, and Jonathan P. Schneck. "Bioengineering Advanced Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells for Immunotherapy." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (2023): 221.09. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.221.09.

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Abstract Promising cytotoxic (CD8 +) T cell-based cancer therapies have invigorated recent efforts to develop highly tunable, robust, and cost-effective artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) for T cell stimulation both ex vivoand in vivo. Natural APCs, such as dendritic cells (DCs), can be licensed to deliver optimal activation signals (peptide-MHC as S1, costimulatory S2, and cytokine S3) to CD8 +T cells with CD4 +T cell help. While numerous studies demonstrate that “un-helped” CD8 +T cells mount defective responses, many existing therapies overlook this and handicap the function/persis

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42

Li, Guojun, Meilong Fu, Xuejiao Li, and Jiani Hu. "A Study of the Thin Film-Coated Swelling Retarding Particles in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs for Water Plugging and Profile Control." Energies 15, no. 3 (2022): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031085.

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T oilfield is the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir at a temperature of around 130 °C, with salinity of up to 22 × 104 mg/L. In order to solve the problem of the high water cut in the late development stage of T oilfield, we selected XN-T from 27 kinds of swelling retarding particles by testing their swelling capacity, and coated a thin film to improve its retarding swelling capacity. The mechanisms of strong water absorption and water-holding abilities of particles were analyzed by infrared spectrometry and SEM. In the core flow experiment, the plugging rate was found to be 98.42%. Finally,

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43

Liu, Xueqing, Song Yue, Luyi Lu, Wei Gao, and Jianlan Li. "Numerical Simulations of a Gas–Solid Two-Phase Impinging Stream Reactor with Dynamic Inlet Flow." Energies 11, no. 7 (2018): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11071913.

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Fluid flow characteristics and particle motion behavior of an impinging stream reactor with dynamic inlet flow (both inlet velocity patterns exhibit step variation) are investigated and discussed with the computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method (CFD–DEM). The effect of T (variation period of the dynamic inlet flow) and ∆u (inlet velocity difference) on the motion characteristics of single and multiple particles, as well as the mean particle residence time, are studied and discussed. The research results indicate that, compared with the traditional impinging stream reactor (both in

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44

Benthien, Jan T., Jördis Sieburg-Rockel, Nick Engehausen, Gerald Koch, and Jan Lüdtke. "Analysis of Adhesive Distribution over Particles According to Their Size and Potential Savings from Particle Surface Determination." Fibers 10, no. 11 (2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib10110097.

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Wood and its processing into particles are, combined, the largest cost factor in the production of particleboard, followed by the cost of adhesive. Thus, reducing their cost is a goal of process optimization. This study investigated whether possible savings could be identified and quantified by determining the particle surface using automated three-dimensional laser-scanning technology (3D Particleview, Fagus-Grecon). The focus was on saving adhesive by sieving out adhesive-consuming fines. It was shown that, currently, with the actual prices for wood (89 €/t), particle preparation (37 €/t), a

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45

IJZERMANS, RUTGER H. A., ELENA MENEGUZ, and MICHAEL W. REEKS. "Segregation of particles in incompressible random flows: singularities, intermittency and random uncorrelated motion." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 653 (April 13, 2010): 99–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112010000170.

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The results presented here are part of a long-term study in which we analyse the segregation of inertial particles in turbulent flows using the so called full Lagrangian method (FLM) to evaluate the ‘compressibility’ of the particle phase along a particle trajectory. In the present work, particles are advected by Stokes drag in a random flow field consisting of counter-rotating vortices and in a flow field composed of 200 random Fourier modes. Both flows are incompressible and, like turbulence, have structure and a distribution of scales with finite lifetime. The compressibility is obtained by

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46

David, G., B. Thomas, T. Nousiainen, A. Miffre, and P. Rairoux. "Retrieving volcanic, desert dust, and sea-salt particle properties from two/three-component particle mixtures after long-range transport using UV-VIS polarization Lidar and T-matrix." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 1 (2013): 1891–947. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-1891-2013.

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Abstract. During transport by advection, atmospheric nonspherical particles, such as volcanic, desert dust or sea-salt particles experience several chemical and physical processes, leading to a complex vertical atmospheric layering at remote sites where intrusion episodes occur. In this contribution, a new methodology is proposed to analyze this complex vertical layering in the case of a two/three-component particle external mixtures after long-range transport. This methodology relies on a precise analysis of the spectral and polarization properties of the light backscattered by atmospheric pa

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47

Reis e Sousa, C., and R. N. Germain. "Major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of peptides derived from soluble exogenous antigen by a subset of cells engaged in phagocytosis." Journal of Experimental Medicine 182, no. 3 (1995): 841–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.182.3.841.

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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules generally present peptides derived from cytoplasmic proteins, but recent reports have suggested that macrophages (M phi) may be uniquely able to present exogenous antigens via these molecules, and that particle-associated antigens show a marked increase in the efficiency of such presentation. We confirm here that particle uptake by M phi permits exogenous ovaalbumin (OVA) to gain access to the endogenous class I processing pathway, an event that occurs rarely, if at all, in the absence of phagocytic stimuli. Presentation of soluble prote

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48

Skorokhod, Anatoli V. "Quasistable gradient and hamiltonian systems with a pairwise interaction randomly perturbed by wiener processes." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Stochastic Analysis 16, no. 1 (2003): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1048953303000042.

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Infinite systems of stochastic differential equations for randomly perturbed particle systems in Rd with pairwise interacting are considered. For gradient systems these equations are of the form dxk(t)=Fk(t)td+σdwk(t) and for Hamiltonian systems these equations are of the form dx˙k(t)=Fk(t)td+σdwk(t). Here xk(t) is the position of the kth particle, x˙k(t) is its velocity, Fk=−∑j≠kUx(xk(t)−xj(t)), where the function U:Rd→R is the potential of the system, σ>0 is a constant, {wk(t),k=1,2,…} is a sequence of independent standard Wiener processes.Let {xk} be a sequence of different points in Rd

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49

Muralidhar, M., M. Jirsa, N. Sakai, Y. Wu, and M. Murakami. "Magnetic and microstructure study of bulk (Sm0.33Eu0.33Gd0.33)Ba2Cu3Oy with submicron Gd2BaCuO5 second-phase particles." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 5 (2003): 1073–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0148.

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We fabricated melt-processed (Sm0.33Eu0.33Gd0.33)Ba2Cu3Oy superconductors with fine Gd2BaCuO5 (Gd-211) particles and studied microstructure and magnetic properties as a function of the Gd-211 content and the initial particle size. Microstructure observation by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of submicron secondary-phase particles and nanometer-sized RE1+xBa2-xCu3Oy (x ≫ 0) clusters. At 77 K, the critical current densities of 107 and 83 kA/cm2 were achieved at 0 T (self-field) and 2.2 T, respectively (superconducting quantum interference

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50

Lotova, Galiya Z., and Guennady A. Mikhailov. "Numerically statistical investigation of the partly super-exponential growth rate in the COVID-19 pandemic (throughout the world)." Journal of Inverse and Ill-posed Problems 28, no. 6 (2020): 877–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jiip-2020-0043.

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AbstractA number of particles in a multiplying medium under rather general conditions is asymptotically exponential with respect to time t with the parameter λ, i.e., with the index of power {\lambda t}. If the medium is random, then the parameter λ is the random variable. To estimate the temporal asymptotics of the mean particles number (via the medium realizations), it is possible to average the exponential function via the corresponding distribution. Assuming that this distribution is Gaussian, the super-exponential estimate of the mean particle number could be obtained and expressed by the

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