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1

Valdez, Jara Yolanda. "Predication in Rarómuri (Urique Tarahumara)". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/17909.

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The Rarómuri, or Urique Tarahumara (UT), language belongs to the Taracahitian sub-branch of the Uto-Aztecan family. There are five major linguistics variants called Tarahumara, all spoken in Chihuahua state in northern Mexico. This dissertation is an introduction to how both verbal and nonverbal predicates are formed in the language of the Rarómuri people, as spoken in Urique, Chihuahua. The central contribution of this dissertation is found in Chapter IV on nonverbal predication and Chapter V on verbal predication, and the work opens with three chapters: Chapter I is the introduction, Chapter II introduces the orthography and some of the most common morphophonological processes, and Chapter III sketches the morphology and syntax of the Noun Phrase. Chapter VI concludes the dissertation with a discussion of directions for future research. This dissertation is based on a combination of recorded texts and elicited material. The texts provided the natural language where the constructions in question occur in actual use, providing the motivation and signaling directions for elicitation, which then allowed the understanding of the intricate morphological patterns. Both types of data material are invaluable for the researcher, and I include examples of both when possible. One point of typological interest in UT is the verbal indexation system for subjects in the past tense, which includes suffixes for 3SG/PL and 1PL, zero marking (fused with the tense suffix) for 2PL, and verbal enclitics for 1SG and 2SG. The verbal enclitics also occur marking future tense verbs. The verbal enclitics for 1SG and 2SG can also mark object, and alone among core arguments, the 1SG free pronoun object must take a locative suffix. Looking at person marking and object case, it appears that UT has an incipient hierarchical system, with 1SG > 2SG > 1PL/2PL/3. Another of the most salient features of UT is the morphophonology. It is common in UT for a morpheme to present several allomorphs, and some, like the Potential Future, can have up to 9 allomorphs. Some of this allomorphy is phonologically conditioned, other allomorphy is lexically conditioned, and other allomorphy is clearly suppletive. The interaction of these conditioning factors is possible.
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2

Hillerkuss, Thomas. "Reorganisation und sozio-politische Dynamik der Tarahumares seit 1603/04 /". Bonn : Holos, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36957199n.

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3

Pédailles, Claude. "Les Tarahumaras de Norogachi". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376174084.

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Pédailles, Claude. "Les Tarahumaras de Norogachi". Paris 7, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA070046.

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Kalz, Bernadette. "Vom Schrei zur Sonne in der Sierra Tarahumara". Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-155975.

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Walker, Cameron Marc. "The bioarchaeology of newly discovered burial caves in the Sierra Tarahumara /". view abstract or download file of text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1126776741&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2006.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 277-291). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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7

Rivera, Acosta Juan Manuel. "'Leave us alone, we do not want your help. Let us live our lives' : indigenous resistance and ethnogenesis in Nueva Vizcaya (colonial Mexico)". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11060.

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This thesis looks at the people of Nueva Vizcaya's history of resistance to incorporation into the state during the colonial age, and how this history is connected to the contemporary context in the Sierra Tarahumara. To do this, I use and frame the concepts of community, resistance, violence, ethnogenesis, territory and history as intertwined in such a way that the Sierra Tarahumara and its inhabitants cannot be completely disassociated one from another. By looking at the engagements between colonizers and native people of the colonial North of the Nueva España –Tarahumara and other native indigenous people of the Sierra Madre Occidental– in history, and frame the narratives about these historical encounters, drawing colonial accounts, modern narratives and other sources, I contest in this work, allows to frame indigenous societies agency in history. In addition, this thesis endeavors to engage with the broader discussion about ethnogenesis, indigenous resistance to colonialism, native community and ecological conflicts in Nueva Vizcaya and in the Sierra Tarahumara. Finally, this research wants to make sense of the contemporary conflicts over land rights that indigenous communities of the Sierra Tarahumara face today, and connect them with the history of the colonial encounters of the people of the Nueva Vizcaya. I propose that these encounters, in the colonial time of the conquest of the Nueva Vizcaya, and in the national period, are largely a consequence of a colonial process of ethnogenesis that taxonomically indexed native people in categories related to colonial labor needs and control over the territory, which I frame as tarahumarizacíon and raramurización.
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8

Nations, Jennifer Marie. "Networks and Cultural Bridges: A Case Study with the Tarahumara of Northern Mexico". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1309.

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Network and cultural bridge theories predict the source and durability of cultural boundaries, including how cultural boundaries are overcome in order for differing groups to have meaningful exchanges. Ethnographic interview data with three research subjects in Northern Mexico reveals the strengths and weaknesses of each theory. Minita Bustillos, Juan Daniel Villalobos, and Horacio Echeverrí­a contribute to bridging ties between the closed indigenous community of the Tarahumara and outside Mexican and American groups. Their positions elucidate the veracity of theoretical propositions found in network and cultural bridge theories. Findings suggest that though useful in understanding several aspects of network structure and bridging, network theory does not fully explain how a person becomes part of a network bridge or what social capabilities may be useful for someone in that position. Cultural bridge theories extend the explanation by showing the importance of relationship building in bridging, but rely too heavily on the notion that a single individual can provide the cultural capital and resources necessary to be a cross-cultural bridge in and of themselves. The additional concepts of habitus and cultural tool-kits supplement these perspectives by explaining how respondents acquired cultural and social knowledge that allows them to make connections in multiple distinct networks and how the respondents can so naturally say and do things to garner trust from members of both groups. This research shows how the theoretical concepts can be used in application to a specific social context. It also provides support for the possible use of the concepts of habitus, network bridging, and tool-kits for training members of grass roots organizations attempting to bridge between distinct, and even opposing, social groups.
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9

Monárrez-Espino, Joel. "Health and Nutrition in the Tarahumara of Northern Mexico : Studies among Women and Children". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Women's and Children's Health, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3987.

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Belonging to an indigenous group in Mexico is usually associated with poor health, mainly as the result of social isolation from the mainstream society. The Tarahumara are no exception. They constitute the largest indigenous group in northern Mexico and one of the most marginalized ethnic minorities in North America. Health conditions are precarious, yet very little data are available to facilitate the design and implementation of programs to prevent and manage the main public health problems affecting this people. This thesis aims at overcoming part of this information gap. It presents and discusses the results from studies focusing on the nutrition of women and children carried out between 1997 and 2002.

A survey in a representative district sample of Tarahumara women of reproductive age found the highest prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in their third trimester (38.5%) and those lactating during the first 6 months after delivery (42.9%), along with a high prevalence of iron deficiency. In this study a technique was developed to collect capillary serum samples spotted onto filter paper to measure serum ferritin in remote settings. In the same study, 52.5% of adult women were overweight, suggesting a process of ‘de-Indianization’ of their traditional diet and activity patterns. This issue was followed-up in a later study based on perceptions of food and body shape using cognitive anthropological methods. Speaking Spanish emerged as a clear indication of acculturation that could be associated with an increase in the prevalence of obesity and its consequences. A nutrition survey among Tarahumara children at boarding schools found evidence of zinc, vitamin B12, iron, and iodine deficiencies but found similar anthropometric status to other rural Mexicans. Finally, a qualitative assessment was carried out to identify culturally accepted foods to redesign a food aid basket aimed at alleviating malnutrition among young Tarahumara children.

The results from this thesis provide relevant data for an improved design of interventions to combat and prevent some of the nutritional problems that affect the Tarahumara. These data could also constitute a baseline to which future changes can be compared if similar sampling strategies are used. Overall, the findings highlight the importance and challenge of achieving modernization in a way that not only improves health but at the same time supports, maintains and encourages traditional cultural values. These are not only the foundations of the Tarahumara society, but in some cases also contribute to a better diet and health.


Die Zugehörigkeit zu einer eingeborenen Volksgemeinschaft Mexikos wird gewöhnlich mit einem schlechten Gesundheitszustand, aufgrund sozialer Isolation von der allgemeinen Gesellschaft, verbunden. Die Tarahumara-Indianer sind dabei keine Ausnahme. Sie stellen eine der größten Eingeborenengruppen im Norden des Landes dar und sind eine der ausgeschlossensten ethnischen Minderheiten in Nordamerika. Der Gesundheitszustand ist prekär, da sehr wenige Daten existieren, um die Gestaltung und Einführung von Programmen zur Prävention und Handhabung der, diese Menschen betreffenden, hauptsächlichen Probleme im Gesundheitswesen, zu ermöglichen. Diese Dissertation beabsichtigt, Teil dieses Informationsdefizits zu beseitigen. Sie präsentiert und diskutiert die Ergebnisse von im Zeitraum 1997 bis 2002 durchgeführten Studien, welche die Ernährung der Tarahumarafrauen und -kinder fokussieren.

Eine Umfrage mit einer repräsentativen Stichprobe von Frauen im gebärfähigen Alter, im größten Tarahumara-Bezirk, ergab das höchste Vorkommen von Anämie bei schwangeren Frauen im dritten Trimester (38,5%) und bei solchen, die während der ersten 6 Monate nach der Geburt stillten (42,9%), bedingt durch Eisenmangel. Bei dieser Studie wurde eine Feldtechnik für weit entfernte Gebiete entwickelt, um die Ferritin-Konzentration in Kapillar-Serum auf Filter Papier zu messen. Dieselbe Studie zeigte eine Übergewichtsprävalenz von 52,5% bei erwachsenen Frauen, was auf einen Prozess einer „Entindianisierung“ ihrer traditionellen Diät und Aktivitätsmuster zurückzuführen ist. Dieses Thema wurde bei einer späteren Studie herangezogen, bei welcher der Eindruck von Nahrung und Körperumfang mit kognitiven anthropologischen Methoden evaluiert wurde. Spanisch zu sprechen erschien als eindeutige Indikation für Akkulturation, welche mit einer Zunahme des Vorhandenseins von Übergewicht und seiner Folgen assoziiert werden könnte. Eine Studie zu Schulkindern in Eingeboreneninternaten zeigte Beweise für Zink-, Vitamin B12-, Eisen- und Jodmangel, fand aber ähnliche anthropometrische Status wie bei ländlichen Mexikanerkindern. Schließlich wurde eine qualitative Studie durchgeführt, mit dem Ziel, kulturell akzeptierte Lebensmittel für die Neuentwerfung eines Warenkorbes zu identifizieren, um den Ernährungszustand von Kleinkindern zu verbessern.

Die Ergebnisse dieser Dissertation liefern relevante Daten für eine Verbesserung der Gestaltung von Programmen zur Bekämpfung und Prävention von Ernährungsproblemen, welche die Tarahumaras betreffen. Diese Informationen können auch als „Baseline“ benutzt werden, mit der zukünftige Veränderungen verglichen werden könnten, wenn ähnliche Stichprobenstrategien angewandt würden. Vor allem betonen die Ergebnisse, die Wichtigkeit und Herausforderung, eine Modernisierung zu erreichen, die nicht nur eine Verbesserung der Gesundheit mit sich bringt, sondern gleichzeitig auch, traditionelle Werte unterstützt, aufrechterhält und anregt, da diese Werte nicht nur die Grundlagen der Tarahumara- Gesellschaft sind, sondern in vielen Fällen zu einer besseren Diät und Gesundheit beisteuern.


Att tillhöra en infödd folkgrupp i Mexiko associeras oftast med ett dåligt hälsotillstånd, framför allt på grund av social isolering från det konventionella samhället. Tarahumara indianerna utgör inget undantag. De utgör den största gruppen av infödda i norra Mexiko och är en av de mest utsatta etniska minoriteterna i Nord Amerika. Det finns anledning att oroa sig för de rådande hälsovillkoren då mycket lite information finns tillgänglig för att underlätta utformandet och tillämpningen av program för att förebygga och handskas med de huvudsakliga hälsoproblemen som drabbar denna folkgrupp. Denna avhandling syftar till att försöka täcka upp delar av den informations brist som råder. I den presenteras och diskuteras resultaten från de studier, som inriktar sig på näringstillståndet hos tarahumara kvinnor och barn, genomförda mellan åren 1997 och 2002.

En studie i ett representativt distrikt med ett representativt urval av Tarahumara kvinnor i fertil ålder fann man högst prevalens av anemi bland de gravida kvinnorna som befann sig i sista trimestern (38,5 %) samt i gruppen ammande kvinnor under de 6 första månaderna efter förlossning (42,9 %), detta tillsammans med en hög prevalens av järnbrist. I denna studie utvecklades en metod för insamling av kapillära serum prover som droppades på filter papper för att därefter analysera serum ferritin halten vid avsides liggande sättningar. I samma studie fann man även att 52,5 % av de vuxna kvinnorna var överviktiga, vilket skulle kunna antyda om en “avindianiserings-process” av deras traditionella diet och aktivitets mönster. Detta fynd följdes upp i en senare studie som grundade sig på föreställningar om mat och kroppsform, genom att använda kognitiva antropologiska metoder. Att vara spansktalande framträdde som ett tydligt tecken på kulturförändring som skulle kunna sammankopplas med en ökning i prevalensen av övervikt och dess konsekvenser. En skolbaserad nutritions studie bland Tarahumara barn vid internatskolor visade brist på zink, vitamin B12, järn och jod, dock var dessa fynd likvärdiga med uppmätta värden bland barn på den mexikanska landsbygden. Slutligen genomfördes en kvalitativ studie med avsikt att identifiera kulturellt accepterade maträtter och därigenom kunna omforma regeringens rådande sammansättning av livsmedelsbistånd, med syfte att mildra undernäringen bland unga Tarahumara barn.

Resultaten från denna avhandling ger relevanta data för en förbättrad utformning av interventionsprogram för att bekämpa och förhindra en del av de nutritions problem som drabbar Tarahumara indianerna. Dessa data skulle också kunna utgöra en referenslinje med vilken framtida förändringar kan jämföras med såvida liknande provtagnings rutiner används. Generellt, belyser resultaten vikten och utmaningen att uppnå modernisering på ett sätt som inte enbart förbättrar hälsoläget men som samtidigt upprätthåller och uppmuntrar till att behålla traditionella värderingar. Dessa utgör inte enbart grunden för Tarahumara samhället utan bidrar även därigenom i en del fall till en bättre kosthållning och bättre hälsa.


La pertenencia a un grupo indígena en México se asocia frecuentemente a una salud pobre principalmente como resultado del aislamiento social de la sociedad Mexicana. Los Tarahumaras no son la excepción. Constituyen el grupo indígena más grande del norte del país y una de las minorías étnicas más marginadas de Norteamérica. A pesar de que sus condiciones de salud son precarias, existe muy poca información disponible que facilite el diseño e implementación de programas para prevenir y tratar los problemas de salud pública más importantes que les aquejan. Así pues, esta tesis tiene por objeto cubrir parte de esta falta de información. Presenta y discute resultados de estudios enfocados a la nutrición de mujeres y niños llevados a cabo entre 1997 y 2002.

Una encuesta en una muestra municipal representativa de mujeres Tarahumaras en edad reproductiva mostró la más alta prevalencia de anemia en las embarazadas en el tercer trimestre (38.5%) y las lactantes durante los primeros 6 meses después del parto (42.9%) paralelamente a una alta prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro. En este estudio, se desarrolló una técnica para la toma de muestras de suero capilar en papel filtro para medir los niveles de ferritina sérica en zonas remotas. Asimismo se encontró un 52.5% de sobrepeso en las mujeres adultas, sugiriendo un proceso de “deindigenización” de los patrones dietéticos y de actividad física tradicionales. Este tópico fue seguido en un estudio posterior sobre percepciones de la alimentación y apariencia corporal de la mujer Tarahumara utilizando métodos de antropología cognoscitiva. Hablar español emergió como un claro indicio de aculturación que podría estar asociado a un incremento en la prevalencia de obesidad y sus consecuencias. Una encuesta nutricional con niños Tarahumaras de albergues escolares mostró evidencia de deficiencia de cinc, vitamina B12, hierro y yodo pero encontró un estado antropométrico similar al de otros niños mexicanos del medio rural. Finalmente, se condujo una evaluación cualitativa para identificar alimentos culturalmente aceptables para rediseñar una canasta de ayuda alimentaria con el objeto de aliviar la desnutrición infantil.

Los resultados de esta tesis ofrecen información relevante para el mejoramiento del diseño de intervenciones para combatir y prevenir algunos de los problemas nutricios que afectan a los Tarahumaras. De utilizarse estrategias muestrales similares, esta información podría además constituir el punto de comparación para evaluar cambios futuros. Pero sobre todo, los hallazgos apuntan a la importancia y el desafío para alcanzar una modernización que no solo mejore la salud de los indígenas, sino que además apoye, mantenga y promueva los valores culturales tradicionales, pues estos, además de conformar los cimientos de la sociedad Tarahumara, pueden en varios casos contribuir a una mejor nutrición y salud.

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10

Monárrez-Espino, Joel. "Health and nutrition in the Tarahumara of Northern Mexico : studies among women and children /". Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3987.

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Nations, Jennifer Marie. "Networks and cultural bridges : a case study of the Sierra Tarahumara in northern Mexico /". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1767.pdf.

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GÓMEZ, ZAMORA LOURDES. "CULTURA E IDENTIDAD RARÁMURI: SOMETIMIENTO DE RITA, PERSONAJE DE LA MUJER QUE CAYÓ DEL CIELO". Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/95428.

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El drama rasconbandiano La mujer que cayó del cielo es un texto que permite visualizar la discriminación y el castigo que sufren las comunidades indígenas como resultado de su cultura e identidad, acontecimiento representado con la protagonista. En el drama, Rita Quintero es severamente castigada por el sistema estadounidense después de haber sido encontrada en la ciudad de Kansas hurgando un bote de basura. Al intentar establecer el diálogo, los policías, doctores y Rita se vieron envueltos en un problema de comunicación, pues por un lado la lengua inglesa y por otro la lengua rarámuri, impidieron dicha posibilidad. Bajo este contexto, la cultura e identidad de nuestra tarahumara y la intolerancia hacia la otredad de la mujer, dieron pauta a problemas psicológicos y sociales.
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13

Peverada, Christopher. "Effects of sociocultural embodiment on use of RUN". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1301598994.

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Hubbard, Joyce 1934. "A descriptive study of the developing role of village health workers in a remote Tarahumara pueblo". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277794.

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Six young women from a remote Tarahumara pueblo are functioning as village health workers. Through qualitative research techniques informed by symbolic interactionism, the investigator has sought to determine what it is like for these women living in a pre-Columbian society to develop this new role. Some issues guiding the research were; education, families' reactions to the new role, perceived changes in the health status of the pueblo and current attitudes of village health workers toward their new role. Although it was difficult for these women to respond to abstract questions regarding their feelings and emotions, rich descriptive data emerged outlining the women's perceptions of the village health worker role and its effects on their families and the community. The major themes that emerged during this research were; "wanting to learn more;" "less sickness and death among children;" "personal hygiene has changed lives;" and "medicine is gaining acceptance."
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Sutherland, Kayla. "A Comparison of the Dr. Robert Zingg Archaeological Collection to Early 20th Century Tarahumara Material Culture". OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1439.

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In this study, I examine the material culture of the Rio Fuerte Basket-Maker Phase (200 B.C. - 1000 A.D.) and Cave-Dweller Phase (1000 - 1600 A.D.) occupations in southern Chihuahua, Mexico, that is represented in the Dr. Robert Zingg Archaeological Collection. Zingg believed that the material culture showed a clear progression from the Basket-Maker Phase to the Cave-Dweller Phase, which he interpreted to indicate a relationship between these two phases, and that these phases were the precursors of the twentieth century Tarahumara. I test this hypothesis by comparing the artifacts in the Dr. Robert Zingg Archaeological Collection curated by the University Museum at Southern Illinois University Carbondale to the artifacts in the ethnographic Tarahumara Collection curated by the Milwaukee Public Museum. Following an evaluation of the archaeological and ethnographic material culture, I conclude that Zingg's hypothesis is only partially supported by the museum collections. Although the material culture of the later Cave-Dweller Phase is sufficiently similar to the material culture of the twentieth century Tarahumara to suggest a relationship between the two cultures, the earlier Rio Fuerte Basket-Maker Phase does not provide enough artifacts that show similarity with either the Cave-Dweller Phase or the twentieth century Tarahumara.
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Semones, Catherine M. "Indigenous Agency within 17th & 18th Century Jesuit Missions: the Creation of a Hybrid Culture in Yaqui and Tarahumar Country". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1275931147.

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Garcia, Denise Tanya. "The Interrelationship of Local and Global Events and the Changing Ecological and Socio-economic States of the Sierra Tarahumara in Chihuahua, Mexico". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146224.

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The productivity decline over the past century of the Sierra Madre of western Chihuahua, Mexico has impacted present and potential socio-economic conditions, placing more pressure for extractive use of forest products. Two independent theoretical frameworks may help to understand the intrinsic relationship between ecological and social system resilience and resource access under changing global climate and trade. The Panarchy Model of Gunderson and Holling (2002) describes a human-ecological system as a continuous cycle of a changing adaptive state. Sen?s Theory of Entitlements (1981) states that poverty and famines result from inequality in resource accessibility. On-site semi-structured key respondent interviews among the Tarahumara of the Sierra Madre Occidental (Municipio de Guachochi, Chihuahua, Mexico) yielded a longitudinal (1970 - 2010) profile of socio-economic and environmental dynamics. The compilation of local knowledge uncovered the complexity of ecological and socio-economic cycles and the sometimes overwhelming influence of global and local events. Applying both theoretical frameworks revealed the adaptive resilience and vulnerabilities within this coupled human-natural system. Insight on the complexity of the dynamics of socio-economic and ecological interconnectedness, potential and access suggests the application of these frameworks would be useful to development challenges and crisis management projects in communities around the world.
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Kalz, Bernadette [Verfasser] y Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Rössner. "Vom Schrei zur Sonne in der Sierra Tarahumara : Antonin Artauds Künstlerverständnis und kreative Spannung zwischen dem alten und dem neuen Kontinent vom 20. Jahrhundert bis in die Gegenwart / Bernadette Kalz. Betreuer: Michael Roessner". München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1033752096/34.

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Cancino, Franklin Alejandro Patricio. "Historia y memoria de la "nueva" Compañia de Jesús en México, 1816-2002 : el influjo del imaginario de las misiones jesuitas Novohispanas en el incierto restablecimento de la Orden y la construccion de su memoria, 1843". Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0023.

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L'objet de cette étude consiste à déterminer dans quelle mesure l'imaginaire des missions jésuites de la Nouvelle-Espagne a influencé la construction de la mémoire de groupe des membres de la nouvelle Compagnie de Jésus, en tant que corps social et religieux, à partir de son rétablissement universel en 1814, et à revenir sur ces deux moments spécifiques qui sont la promulgation du décret (de gouvernement mexicain) rétablissant les missions en 1843 et la nouvelle fondation de la mission de Tarahumara en 1900. L'analyse de cette activité missionnaire sur différentes périodes et à différentes échelles permet de mieux comprendre certains effets de l'expulsion de l'Ordre en 1767, aussi bien à travers les traces qu'ont laissé les missions du nord-ouest que dans l'imaginaire qui s'est forgé autour de l'oeuvre des jésuites durant leur absence au cours du XIXe siècle (les jésuites comme une 'présence absente'). La construction de cet imaginaire n'est autre que celle de la mémoire des missions jésuites, dans laquelle sont intervenus non seulement les membres de l'Ordre, mais aussi d'autres acteurs sociaux. Or cette mémoire a encouragé les jésuites à continuer à se constituer en groupement à partir de leur rétablissement incertain au Mexique, en 1816. Quant aux acteurs sociaux qui ont contribué et participé à cette construction de l'imaginaire des missions, ils l'ont fait - selon leur contexte - avec des perspectives et des intérêts divergents. La recherche accorde de l'importance au relèvement du territoire nord (pour l'empire espagnol, pour la nation mexicaine, pour la Compagnie de Jésus, pour la mission de la Sierra Tarahumara) et à son rôle dans la construction de la mémoire
This study analyzes the way in which the 'imaginary' of the New Spain Jesuit missions influenced on thè development of the group memory of the members of the Society of Jésus in Mexico during the XIX century. The investigation stresses two spécifie moments of that time: 1) the promulgation, in 1843, of a Mexican government decree of the foundation of the missions. 2) The new foundation of the mission in the Tarahumara région in 1900. This study also offers a larger compréhension of the effects of the expelling of Jesuits form Spanish domains, which occurred in the year 1767. After this expulsion, there remained many traces of the work the Jesuits had realized in the missions of the Mexican Northwest. During the absence of those religious, those traces contributed to conform the 'imaginary' of their missionary work : Jesuits continued to be present - in a way - even during their absence. Not only the members of the Jesuit Order took part in this process, when they returned to Mexico in the XIX century, there were another social actors too. In the Mexican situation, the political instability of the new nation during that century forced the Jesuits to suffer several persecutions and dispersions; but the construction of that memory we talk about helped them to avoid breaking up as a group. The investigation also analyzes the relationship between the construction of this memory and the territorial integration of Northern Mexico. This integration was of great importance both for the Jesuits, who wanted to return to the North of the country, and for the Mexican governments before and after the independence
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20

Černý, Martin. "Válečnictví Tarahumarů v koloniálních pramenech". Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-342903.

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The goal of the thesis is to analyze war customs of Tarahumara people of northern Mexico during colonial era. The work focuses on technological aspects of warfare like weaponry, strategy and tactics, as well as social phenomenas like taking captives, using of witchcraft and role of violence in Tarahumara culture. 17th century conflicts are seen as part of the process, which has caused significant changes in tarahumaran perception of war an it's role in society. Analysis of this process is the another goal of this work. Further subject of interest are conflicts with the other native groups in the region and influence of tarahumara armed resistance to changes in attitude of colonial institutions. The work is based on sources of the ecclesiastical origin - reports, letters and chronicles of missionaries, as well as correspondence of viceroyal officials and records of military commanders operating in tarahumara region. Keywords: Tarahumaras, Northern Mexico, Warfare, 17th century, Viceroyalty of New Spain, Presidio Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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21

Wyndham, Felice Sea. "Learning ecology ethnobotany in the Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico /". 2004. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/wyndham%5Ffelice%5Fs%5F200408%5Fphd.

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22

Rudow, Joshua Martin. "The transformation of Tarahumara agriculture in Chihuahua, Mexico". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-3251.

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The Tarahumara are one of the most isolated and intact indigenous groups in Mexico. Their agriculture has traditionally been practiced within the steep canyons and uplands of the Sierra Madre Occidental in southwestern Chihuahua. Adapting to these rugged conditions, the Tarahumara developed a variety of agricultural techniques that allowed them to be self-sufficient in food production and independent of external inputs. As varied and ingenious as their techniques are, they share one main objective -- to overcome the lack of organic matter in the stony mountain soils. Since the arrival of the Spaniards, the addition of organic matter has involved large amounts of animal manure to increase organic matter in the soil and maintain fertility. The focus of this study is to investigate new agricultural techniques that the Tarahumara are adopting due to the pressures of globalization and alleged climate change. These new technologies may still include many traditional agricultural methods, but they are increasingly using commercially available fertilizers and other modern agricultural additions, thereby losing self-sufficiency. This study includes in depth interviews with 28 Tarahumara farmers to better understand the modern agricultural techniques, their motivations, and overall sustainability. Soil samples determined the viability of Tarahumara agricultural techniques on soil fertility by examining the visual description, organic matter content, soil texture, and a chemical analysis. The analyses showed that traditional Tarahumara agricultural practices are efficient and sustainable, while modern additions are often ill-suited for their environment and are disruptive to Tarahumara culture.
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23

LaRochelle, Serge. "Common property and traditional ecological knowledge : biodiversity conservation in the Sierra Tarahumara, Mexico". 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/19944.

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24

"Learning from Action: The case study of CEDAIN". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.49394.

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abstract: The following study is based on my individual and collective practice as a former staff member of El Centro de Desarrollo Alternativo Indígena A.C., a non-profit who works in the Sierra Madre Occidental in the north of Mexico, and my experience as a master student in the US. I am developing this research as a reflective instrument to improve the strategies that I have been developing and implementing. To reach this goal I present the concept of praxis, which Paulo Freire and Antonio Gramsci used some years ago, as a methodology to shorten the gap between my practice and theory. Furthermore, I use the theoretical framework of popular education, and other ideas from the complementary fields of community development, and Critical Race Theory/TribalCrit, to shed light on how to improve our practice and the pedagogies we use as part of our work. The main question that is guiding this study is: What is the learning dynamic of organizations and participants who are doing community development work with Indigenous communities? To answer this, I analyze the data I collected in 2016, which includes: two months of participant observation, sixteen in-depth interviews, and one focus group with staff members. The findings of this research suggest that staff members have learned to respect time and culture of the community and to validate local knowledge; community members have shared that they have learned new agricultural practices, production of organic fertilizers and pesticides, earthworm compost, food conservation methods, communication skills and to work together. The ways identified in which participants have learned are: by doing, by observation, by dialogue, by receptivity, by recognition, through meetings and by reflection. The results of this research are consistent with what popular educators say: neutrality is impossible. Practices of the nonprofits do not occur in a vacuum; therefore, the mechanisms of auto analysis and reflection that CEDAIN staff shared, in conjunction with the attempt of this research to unveil the hidden and explicit curriculum of the practices of CEDAIN, are great tools to trigger critical consciousness, challenge what we have taken for granted, and recreate better practices. This research is a result of the compilation and analysis of the narratives, experiences and knowledge of community and staff members who participated in this study. In this sense, these set of ideas, which place grassroots experiences as the principal source of knowledge, could be applied to plan and design future pedagogical interventions.
Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Social and Cultural Pedagogy 2018
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25

Létourneau, Maude. "Récits des origines, quête de l'Un et négation de l'engendrement chez Antonin Artaud". Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7922.

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26

Korecká, Zuzana. "Tarahumaraský obraz světa". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-342320.

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Résumé The dissertation called The Tarahumara Worldview is the attempt to indicate and clear up the relationship between the language and the culture. The work follows from the mytical arrangement of the Tarahumara natural world living in the Northwestern of Mexico from the description and analyses of some language elements and searching for its language features in the culture. The author puts a few questions: what is position of myth in the worldview - in case there is some?; what is the relation of the Tarahumara language and culture?; does exist any possibility to outcome of the relation of two parts of one culture as it is myth system and language system into thing what the anthropology consider as the worldview?, does myths and language could show in any way a setting of Tarahumara native world setting, their way of thinking?; does the myth shows the base for the cultural creation and how?; even if the question is dificult becouse of the European culture influences we are trying to ask for the origin of Tarahumara culture in the myth - what is the role of the myth and what is the role of the language in Tarahumara worldview. Basicaly I ask for the relation between language and myth in culture environment: where is the edge of this relation, is this relaiton important or it has marginal impact and it...
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