Tesis: "Technological aspects of Renaissance"

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Belford, Troy A. "Technological and ethical aspects of anthropological film". Thesis, Wichita State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3294.

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This thesis demonstrates how factors of technological innovation in filmmaking and anthropological ethical considerations will have an influence over how a particular film will be theorized, created and distributed. The definitions of ethnographic and anthropological film are examined as well as the methods of presenting anthropological information in a film. Technological advances and how they apply to filming, editing and distribution possibilities are also described. The process of creating my own anthropological films about the Asmat and Korowai developed my thesis argument that technology and ethical sensitivities will have a developmental aspect in creating an anthropological film not only in the shooting of footage but the editing of that footage for audience viewing. The proposed goal of the film will also define what will be filmed and how the filmmaker will adapt to the challenges of the field and the construction of the culture.
Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology

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2

Taylor, Matthew. "Technological aspects of corrosion control of metals". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0107.

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La prévention contre la corrosion est un facteur déterminant pour la durabilité des matériaux. Historiquement, le développement des applications des matériaux avancés n'est pas envisageable sans une approche scientifique poussée des mécanismes fondamentaux qui conduisent à la dégradation en service. L'histoire humaine a été ponctuée par les progrès technologiques, qui ont tous été permis par les progrès de la science des matériaux, de l'âge du fer à l'âge de silicium. Par exemple, c'est la fusion du minerai qui a fait basculer l'humanité de l'âge de pierre aux premiers alliages (bronze) et la fondation ultérieure d'une société basée sur les métaux. Ces métaux retournent à l'état naturel en suivant des lois thermodynamiques et cinétiques. l'objet de la thèse vise à comprendre le comportement de certains matériaux dits passivables pour tenter de proposer des lois de comportement à partir du modèle du défaut ponctuel. Cette approche s'appuie sur des caractérisations électrochimique et physico-chimique des matériaux métalliques considérés
Corrosion control is an important facet of durable and responsible engineering. Historically, the development of advanced materials applications stymied without sufficient scientific understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that dominate degradation in the system of application. Human history has been punctuated by advances in technology, all of which were enabled by advances in materials science, from the iron age to the silicon age. For instance, it was the invention of smelting ores that brought humanity out of the stone age, leading to the first alloys (bronze) and the subsequent foundation of a metals based society. During the infancy of the planet earth, around four billion years ago, the first photosynthesizers began converting carbon dioxide into oxygen. However, oxygen gas was not released into the atmosphere in great quantities because it was immediately bound up with dissolved metals in the ocean; mostly iron, forming a large fraction of the iron ores we rely upon. Producing such metals from oxides formed during the previous four billion years involves flying in the face of the thermodynamic desire to return to the oxide state

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3

Carter, Sarah. "Aspects of Ovidian sexual myth in English Renaissance texts". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.419598.

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4

Smellie, R. L. "Political and governmental aspects of major technological risks". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234228.

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5

Wong, Katrine Ka-Ki. "Theatrical Aspects and Meanings of Music in English Renaissance Drama". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490819.

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The central concern of this thesis is the negotiation between the dichotomous qualities with which ~usic is associated: the heavenly and the demonic. This duality has always been an important concept in social and philosophical perception ofthe art since classical times. Despite the moral threat that some thinkers have warned about with regards to engaging oneself in musical activities, the element ofmusic is indispensable on the Renaissance stage. The thesis is constructed around a discussion ofthe theatrical meanings ofmusic and its expression of gender, love, and love-related madness in Renaissance drama. One of my major intentions is to e~plore music in non-Shakespearean works in order to provide a wider context, one that has received very little critical discussion. Theatrical music, both songs and instrumental episodes, helps in shaping audience response toward characters and events. Therefore an important aspect of this thesis is the discussion of recent stage productions of Shakespearean plays, which are used to illustrate theoretical questions encountered in the process ofexamining theatrical music and its meanings. The Introduction explores questions related to the mechanisms of meaning-making I in music and in various types of musical episodes in the theatre. As is informed or implied by . . stage directions, instrumental music can be classified as diegetic or non-diegetic, but I argue that both diegetic and non-diegetic music can be further described as either inset or non-inset. Song episodes are relatively more straightforward to be identified as either perfonnative or impromptu. Some of these issues regarding theatrical meanings of music and the musical portrayal of characters and dramatic atmosphere are explored in detail in a case study of Autolycus's songs in recent productions of The Winter sTale. The chapter 'Music and Women' investigates the parallelism between music and women in the Renaissance, and the moral dichotomy of good and evil present in women engaged in singing and instrumental perfonnance. The existing scholarship on music and Shakespearean female characters will be expanded into an analysis of a much wider range of women on the Renaissance stage and their relationship with their music. 'Music and Men' develops similar questions, with masculinity as the focal point. The central argument of this chapter is that Renaissance men are also concerned with the binary effects of music on their masculine identity. The subject of music and masculinity in Renaissance literature has hardly received any examination, a lack which this chapter attempts to begin to repair. The chapter discusses the paradox that while music is an indispensable part of a boy's education in becoming' a well-developed and multi-skilled man, as \vell as a vital factor found in male bondjng, it can, however, also effeminate' a man unless appropriate 'masculine' music is practised in a temperate and moderate ~anner. 'In 'Music and Love', that music is ubiquitously dualistic is once again manifested in the central theme of love and lust in Renaissance drama. Following the observation in the two chapters on women and men that music can trigger off both divine and vulgar feelings, so can the feeling of love be celestial or obscene. Love can also lead to erotomania and various kinds of madness, which will be discussed in the latter half of the chapter. Two more case studies of Twelfth Night and Hamlet are included to further explore queries developed in the examination of the bipolarity in the practice of music related to men and women in times of both sanity and madness. These questions include the distinction between diegeticlnon-diegetic music and in-set/non in-set music; how music contributes to the semantics of love and madness in a specific performance environment; how our modem understanding and interpretation of theatrical music differ from or resemble the socio-culturally positioned perception in Renaissance England.

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6

Meehan, Sorcha. "Aspects of the Renaissance in Ireland and Sweden c. 1345-1662". Thesis, Ulster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654095.

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The aim of the present work is to investigate elements of Renaissance culture in Ireland and Sweden through specific case studies and to set these alongside one another to ascertain what similarities and differences existed between the two societies. As yet, no comparative studies between the nature and extent of Renaissance influences on these two countries have been attempted and the findings should thus provide some insight into how they experienced one of the most important and influential periods in modern history. The work focuses on the reception of aspects of the Renaissance with particular reference to the period between the mid-fourteenth century and the seventeenth century.

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7

Aries, R. E. "Some technological aspects of reversed phase narrow bore HPLC columns". Thesis, University of Reading, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373123.

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8

Melanitou, Maria A. "Sulphur dried figs in Greece : technological aspects and aflatoxin contamination". Thesis, University of Bath, 1995. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760676.

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9

Moreira, Catarina Nascimento. "Light wine. Technological and legal aspects of alcohol reduced wine". Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11041.

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Mestrado em Viticultura e Enologia - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / Faculdade de Ciências. Universidade do Porto
The work investigates the technological and legal aspects of producing and commercializing alcohol reduced wine. For various reasons – related to health concerns, consumer fashions, and tax regimes among others – the global wine consumer market currently demands lower alcohol products. In response, industry and researchers have been working together to examine how to produce alcohol-reduced wines that maintain the technological features and organoleptic character of quality wine. As part of this effort, this work reviews the current state of the art in wine alcohol reduction technology, especially the stabilization of the wines during storage and their organoleptic quality. Through a series of cellar-based trials, the work shows that 50 mg/L of free SO2 are efficient to avoid microbial spoilage in wines containing 4% and 8% (v/v), respectively. Moreover, based on a series of sensorial taste panels, the work makes recommendations on how to improve the organoleptic quality of alcohol-reduced wines, especially with regard to acidity, bitterness and body. At a different level, the work examines the legal framework for alcohol-reduced wines. It argues that once the actually available technology allows the production of quality alcohol-reduced wines and consumers desire such products, current OIV and EU regulations defining wine as grape fermented beverage containing at least 8.5% (v/v) may need to be revised. It is recommended to create a new legal category for ‘light wines’ containing between 4% and 8,5% (v/v).

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10

Matthews, Rolf Benjamin. "The technological economics of glass recycling". Thesis, University of Stirling, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3539.

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This thesis examines the technological economics of glass recycling in Britain. Attention was focused on recovery schemes operated within Scotland, comparisons being made with schemes in the rest of Britain and in Europe. An examination was made of general recycling problems and of glass recycling problems in particular. The various systems for glass recycling were reviewed and were put in the context of the waste management system as a whole. A survey was undertaken of Local Authorities operating glass recycling schemes. The aim was to provide a comprehensive data set to enable a consistent assessment of glass recovery schemes to be taken. This emphasised the importance of taking a standard approach to assessing the viability of recovery schemes. This needs to be done in terms of both private and social costs and benefits to provide a full economic assessment of the system. A general computer model has been developed to allow local authorities to check the viability of their on-going operations. As they operate under different conditions this model was split into separate assessment of a Bottle Bank scheme and a trade collection scheme. In addition, an investment appraisal model was developed to cover both situations. These allow managers to assess the viability of their schemes and can be used to highlight key costs. An International review was undertaken to see what lessons may be learned and what actions may be taken by the local authorities, industry, the general public, and by central government.

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11

Nkesiga, Reverend Solomon Basabose. "Virtuous living towards an African theology of wisdom in the context of the African renaissance". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/454.

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The structure of this study is a complex inter-relationship of a variety of sources in a theological work, namely, personal experience, African social and politico-economic context, philosophical reflection, wisdom traditions and Christian theology. These sources form a coherent inter-relationship which is foundational for an African theology of wisdom. The introduction gives an overview of my moral and theological formation. This is intended to provide a perspective through which the issue of moral orientation in African context has been approached. It is therefore entitled: Moral formation and the shaping of a theological mind. The first chapter answers the question: Why is Africa in need of a wisdom theology that addresses the issue of moral regeneration? This question is posed in the broader context of the current African Renaissance debates. The links between the Italian (European) and African Renaissance indicate that moral regeneration is a crucial part of the socio-political, intellectual and economic re-birth of Africa. This “socio-historical” source gives the context and urgency of a wisdom theology. It is therefore entitled: A contextual analysis: The European and African Renaissance. The second chapter re-asserts the rise of virtue ethics as an alternative ethical theory to the predominant deontological and utilitarian traditions. This is achieved through analysing Alisdair MacIntyre’s earlier work, After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory (1981), set in the context of Iris Murdoch and Elizabeth Anscombe, the modern initiators of a virtue ethic. This “philosophical” source gives the theoretical framework that addresses the question of moral formation. It is therefore entitled: A philosophical analysis: The rise of virtue ethics as alternative ethical theory. The third chapter is devoted to two related “wisdom” themes: Firstly, the seven traditional virtues are briefly described highlighting the virtue of wisdom as foundational. Secondly, the idea of wisdom is further developed via three wisdom traditions, namely: wisdom in the Hellenistic, Judeo-Christian and African traditions. This “sapiential” source gives this African theology of wisdom its most important building blocks. This chapter is therefore entitled: A sapiential analysis: Wisdom as foundation for virtue ethics in Africa. The last chapter brings the previous sources together under a specific theological perspective. It draws on aspects of recent African theologians’ work, notably: Kwame Gyekye and Benezet Bujo who engage with and bring together Western and African theological traditions. I answer a pertinent question, “What does such a ‘theological’ perspective entail?” I draw on Scripture and its Trinitarian tradition to demonstrate how African wisdom, reinforced by the framework of virtue theory, and developed in the context of present-day Africa by an African student of theology, has the potential to contribute to the moral transformation of Africa. This more overt “theological” source is the distinctive Christian enterprise of an African wisdom theology. The chapter title is aligned with the overall title of this study: A theological analysis: Toward an African virtue ethics? To this end, this study achieves its attempt to construct an inter-related framework from which an African theology of wisdom may emerge.

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12

Diamond, Jeff Barja. "Theatricality and power : politics and "play-acting" in the European Renaissance". Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39319.

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In and around the princely courts of Europe, Renaissance humanists drew upon the teachings of classical antiquity, often reinterpreting them to suit their own intellectual and ethical needs. One such need concerned balancing notions of achievement predicated upon gaining others' favor, with ideals of constancy and integrity. Evidence of this dilemma can be found in the works of Niccolo Machiavelli, Desiderius Erasmus, Thomas More, and Michel de Montaigne. In each of these cases, the attachment to differing conceptions of accomplishment and human dignity resulted in contradictions in their writings, and in their lives.

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13

Amigo, Maria Isabel. "Technological and Economic Aspects for Quality of Service in Multidomain Alliances". Télécom Bretagne, 2013. http://www.telecom-bretagne.eu/publications/publication.php?idpublication=14076.

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La mise en place de services réseau avec qualité garantie en interdomaine soulève de nombreux défis qui vont bien au-delà des seuls aspects techniques. De fait, les problèmes concernent bien sûr des aspects techniques comme l'établissement de chemins avec qualité garantie de bout en bout et l'interopérabilité des différents domaines, mais également des aspects économiques voir même culturels ou politiques. Dans cette thèse l'ambition est de traiter de la qualité de service en interdomaine d'une manière holistique, en prenant en compte certains aspects techniques mais aussi les aspects économiques de ce sujet. Nous nous intéressons d'abord à un problème technique soulevé par la mise en place de chemins avec qualité de service en interdomaine. Puis nous traitons de problématiques économiques, en considérant les conflits d'intérêts entre différents acteurs comme les fournisseurs de services de réseau (Network Service Provider) qui doivent collaborer pour fournir une qualité de bout en bout, et les acheteurs de chemins avec qualité garantie. Cas acheteurs sont typiquement des diffuseurs utilisant les services d'opérateurs de réseaux (Over the Top). Ensuite nous adoptons une approche plus holistique en considérant les interactions entre la couche de mesure de la qualité de service et la couche économique, et les effets que les décisions économiques ont sur le comportement des acheteurs. Plus précisément, nous proposons un schéma de tarification pour la vente de services avec qualité qui est simple et nous l'étudions en détail. Ce schéma propose de faire la vente des services en utilisant les enchères de premier prix et en assurant l'acheteur d'être remboursé d'un certain pourcentage du prix payé pour le service si la qualité de service n'est pas atteinte
Providing end-to-end quality-assured services implies many challenges, which go beyond technical ones, involving as well economic and even cultural or political issues. In this thesis we first focus on a technical problem and then intent a more holistic regard to the whole problem, considering at the same time Network Service Providers (NSPs), stakeholders and buyers' behaviour and satisfaction. One of the most important problems when deploying interdomain path selection with Quality of Service (QoS) requirements is being able to rely the computations on metrics that hold for a long period of time. Our proposal for solving that problem is to compute bounds on the metrics, taking into account the uncertainty on the traffic demands. We then move to a NSP-alliance scenario, where we propose a complete framework for selling interdomain quality-assured services, and subsequently distributing revenues. At the end of the thesis we adopt a more holistic approach and consider the interactions with the monitoring plane and the buyers' behaviour. We propose a simple pricing scheme and study it in detail, in order to use QoS monitoring information as feedback to the business plane, with the ultimate objective of improving the seller's revenue

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14

Ries, Mario. "Diffusion MRI of human spine and kidney : Technological aspects and interpretation". Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12360.

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La mesure locale de la constante de diffusion fournit des informations sur l'environ-nement microscopique cellulaire des molécules d'eau. L'information sur la microstructure issue des images IRM de diffusion peut servir à déterminer la structure des fibres neu-ronales. Bien que cette possibilité soit très prometteuse pour le diagnostic, son applica-tion en routine clinique a été jusqu'à ce jour rendue difficile par le fait que la géométrie complexe des structures fibreuses du cerveau complique le traitement des données et l'interprétation des résultats. Le travail présenté dans cet ouvrage a été inspiré par l'idée séduisante d'utiliser les expériences de diffusion pour sonder la microstructure neuronale dans des systèmes neuronaux à forte symmétrie, comme la moelle. Malheureusement, l'IRM de diffusion hors du cerveau est assez difficile à réaliser à cause de la forte sensi-bilité de la technique aux mouvements. D'autre part, l'utilisation de séquences d'imagerie rapide avec de tels systèmes nécessite une approche méthodologique soignée. Parce que l'analyse de systèmes neuronaux organisés offre un grand potentiel en terme de diagnostic d'affections qui induisent des changements pathologiques perturbant cette symmétrie, une étude clinique a été initiée dans le but de tester cette hypothèse. De plus, le développement de séquences d'imagerie et des techniques de traitement de données inhérentes aux mesures de diffusion sur la moelle nous a permis d'appliquer les méthodes d'imagerie paramétrique par IRM à des systèmes anatomiques plus compliqués, comme le rein. Dans ce cas précis, le temps d'imagerie court, ainsi que l'influence des mouvements respiratoires et des artéfacts de susceptibilité ont poussé les méthodes d'imagerie dans leurs derniers retranchements.

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15

Lee, Yender 1953. "Three essays on aspects of patent-related information as measures of revealed technological capabilities". Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38216.

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This dissertation consists of three papers on the theme of technological capabilities. Patent information can be viewed as indicators of inventive activities emanating from a certain underlying technological capability. Cumulative patents may, therefore, be considered as the r&barbelow;evealed manifestations of those t&barbelow;echnological c&barbelow;apabilities (hereafter abbreviated as RTC) Patent databases have stored a wealth of publicly-held and verified knowledge. Each of the papers in this thesis takes-up the challenge of examining some particular aspects of RTC based on patents; and will advance our knowledge of the subject modestly in a different direction, by taking advantage of invaluable competitive information contained in patent databases. In the sense of data-mining into knowledge, we formulate and introduce a series of concepts, measurements and a methodology under the title of " patent calculation" in the first paper to mine this invaluable information. We apply this methodology, with multiple indicators, to detect the existence of technological capabilities and examine it in relation to the pattern of global collaboration in patented inventions. In the second paper we study the over time, patterns of technological capabilities in a number of countries in relation to their market and industrial structure. In the third paper we search for' potential patterns of selective concentration and specialization in the patent-intensive industries of newly industrializing countries by using the index of revealed technological advantage (RTA), which has been used as the conventional indicator in advanced countries since 1960s in technology-oriented studies. We also examine if the inherent complexities of this measure impacts the remits. In summary, we develop concepts, measures and tools, in the three essays, to take advantage of patent information to characterize the patterns of revealed technological capabilities and its variations in relation to collabor

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16

Ambrose, Aimee Rebecca. "Using qualitative methods to understand non-technological aspects of domestic energy efficiency". Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2017. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/15576/.

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The overall aim of the collected published works is to investigate how different policy interventions in the field of energy efficiency (including zero carbon homes, low carbon heat networks, and domestic energy efficiency schemes) are experienced and made sense of by a range of key actors. A further aim is to understand these interventions in the context of existing theories within the field of domestic energy efficiency including socio-technical theory and Actor Network Theory. More specifically, this research advances existing knowledge in the following areas: The nature of the socio-technical challenges encountered in the introduction of more energy efficient buildings, and the importance of achieving a balance between socially acceptable and technically optimal environments. (Papers 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8) The value of qualitative research in gaining a more nuanced understanding of our relationship with the home and the implications of this for domestic energy efficiency interventions and the design of low energy buildings (all papers). The influence of tenure as determinant of access to a more energy efficient home and in particular, the stubborn and complex barriers to achieving higher standards of energy performance within the private rented sector. (Papers 1, 2, 3 and 4) The significance of identity, setting and notions of home in the context of domestic energy efficiency interventions. (Papers 1 and 4) As these themes suggest, this PhD is not just concerned with carbon reduction and energy saving as technical objects, but as a way of life. More specifically, it considers the interactions between the two and contends that technical or policy instruments, no matter how sophisticated, cannot succeed if they are not compatible with our ways of life (and ways of doing business) or if our ways of life cannot be reasonably adapted to accommodate them.

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17

Cantor, Alan. "Crafted bodies, interpretations of corporeal knowledge in light of the technological imagination in Antiquity, the Renaissance and the present". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MM02000.pdf.

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18

Young, Nora. "Mastery and enslavement as themes in modern discourses on technology". Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59822.

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The author calls into question the primacy of the optimism/pessimism split within modern discourses on technology and suggests rather that the dominant thematic division in these discourses is that between mastery over and enslavement to technology. Each of these is criticized with respect to the faulty conception of control it implies. The author concludes with a view of technology as a social practice in order to move beyond mastery or enslavement.

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19

Viklund, Andreas y Alexandra Esberg. "The technological flood : A multidimensional case study of technological resistance within the Swedish public sector". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-185783.

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We are currently living in a society that is undergoing a rapid digitalization, spurring organizations to adapt and evolve their ways of operating through technology. But is it realistic to accept that all these technological changes come without some form of resistance? Technological resistance is not a new term, tracking back several centuries it is considered to be one of the side-effects that has followed the development of technology. The study utilizes a case study to investigate a department in the swedish public sector that is currently being introduced to intelligent automation (IA). By collecting insights through interviews from the perspectives of essential parties connected to the automation-project, we came to the understanding that the perceptions of a resistance can differ between actors. In this case, the technological resistance boiled down to a fear of technology’s limitations. It also became clear that the organizational form, the implementation, confusion about roles/responsibilities and the system itself were contributing factors to the technological resistance experienced in the case. The study shows the multifacetedness of technological resistance as well as how factors connected to an organization can impact the perception of the phenomenon.

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20

Zimmermann, Birger. "Inversion of the layer sequence in organic solar cells - physical and technological aspects". [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-opus-59699.

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21

Lau, Chi-chung y 劉治中. "Speed and immobility in urban space and cinema". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41508762.

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22

Khohliso, Sylvester Mziwonke. "Improving technological entrepreneurship of first-year students at universities". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6476.

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A challenge facing higher education institutions is the level of technological entrepreneurship of first-year students in the field of technological programmes. This challenge has put pressure on management of higher education institutions to introduce an entrepreneurial mindset and encourage innovation. According to Development Policy Research Unit (2007:18), 23 percent of students choose qualifications mainly for the employment opportunities. According to Shein, Crous, and Schepers (2010:1), not only in growing economies such as South Africa‟s, entrepreneurship contributes to a national growth and contributes to job creation. Shein, et al. (2010:1), further claim that recent studies have shown a shift towards studying entrepreneurship in an attempt to uncover its fundamentals and its importance in adding to the well-being of the country.

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23

Maluke, Rethabile Olive. "Science and technology policies and structures in Southern Africa : a discussion of the concept of national system of innovation with reference to Malawi, Namibia and South Africa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50089.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The interface between science and technology and the society has led to the notion of science as a social contract, in which scientists, politicians and the general public are called upon to acknowledge the urgency of using all fields of science and technology to address human needs. Science and technology is used as an instrument of change for a better quality of life and sustainable development for the present and future generations. The object of science and technology policies is to achieve specific development objectives. It is thus imperative to adopt science and technology policies that support the national development strategies. It is also important to set up science and technology structures to facilitate the proper functioning of the science and technology system. Competitiveness constitutes one of the most important challenges facing Southern Africa today. With globalization and the expansion of world trade competition, it has become more difficult for Southern African enterprise to keep up with the pace of technological developments. In the light of these challenges, most countries are driving towards the adoption of a national system of innovation (NSI) to encourage the interaction of policies, research and development, human resource development and industrial development. The study is induced by major science and technology set backs, which are common across countries in Southern Africa namely, poor co-ordination mechanisms, poor science and technology infrastructure and a lack of funding. The study provides background information on the theoretical framework of the concept of NSI. For the research method, a qualitative research design was followed with content analysis of existing documents. Published documents were used to provide information on the three countries, which were used as case studies namely Malawi, Namibia and South Africa. The main focus of the case studies is on the following: an outline of the policy goals of each of the three countries, the concept of the NSI as it is expressed by each of the countries and the science and technology structures in the three countries. The study identified poor co-ordination of science and technology activities as the key problem of all three countries. The structures differ slightly and in particular, the placement of the management of science and technology determines the efficiency of the system. The South African NSI is well established as its network is strengthened by the National Advisory Council for Innovation and the National Research and Development Strategy. Next is Namibia which has a system in place, while Malawi is still at the initial stages of setting up its NS!.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die koppelvlak tussen wetenskap en tegnologie en die gemeenskap het gelei tot die siening van wetenskap as 'n sosiale kontrak waarin wetenskaplikes, politici en die algemene publiek versoek word om te erken dat dit nodig geword het om alle vertakkinge van wetenskap en tegnologie aan te wend om menslike nood te verlig. Wetenskap en tegnologie word gebruik as 'n instrument om verandering teweeg te bring ter bevordering van 'n beter kwaliteit lewe en volhoubare ontwikkeling vir die huidige en toekomstige generasies. Die doel van 'n wetenskap en tegnologiebeleid is om spesifieke ontwikkelingsdoelstellings te verwesenlik. Dit is dus noodsaaklik dat hierdie beleid in ooreenstemming met die nasionale onwikkelingsstrategieë ontwerp moet word. Dit is ook belangrik om wetenskap en tegnologiestrukture in plek te stel wat die effektiewe funksionering van die sisteem kan vergemaklik. Mededingbaarheid is een van die grootste uitdagings wat Suider Afrika tans in die gesig staar. Met globalisering en die uitbreiding van wêreldhandel het dit moeiliker geword vir Suider Afrikaanse ondernemings om in pas te bly met tegnologiese ontwikkeling. In die lig van hierdie uitdagings stuur die meeste lande in die rigting van 'n Nasionale Sisteem vir Innovasie (NSI) om interaksie tussen beleid, navorsing en ontwikkeling, menslike hulpbronontwikkeling en industriële ontwikkeling aan te moedig. Wat aanleiding gegee het tot hierdie studie is die wetenskap en tegnologieprobleme wat algemeen voorkom in die lande in Suider Afrikaanse, naamlik onvoldoende koërdinasie meganismes, swak wetenskap en tegnologie-infrastruktuur en 'n gebrek aan fondse. 'n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsontwerp is gevolg waarin analise van die inhoud van dokumente as navorsingsmetode gebruik is. Die studie verskaf agtergrond-inligting oor die teoretiese raamwerk van die NSI konsep. Gepubliseerde dokumente is gebruik om inligting te verskaf oor die drie lande wat as gevallestudies dien, naamlik Malawi, Namibië en Suid-Afrika. Die hooffokus van die gevallestudies is soos volg: 'n raamwerk van die beleidsdoelstellings van elk van die drie lande, die konsep NSI soos toegepas deur elkeen en die wetenskap en tegnologiestrukture in elk van die betrokke lande. Die studie het swak koërdinasie van wetenskap en tegnologie-aktiwiteite as die sleutelprobleem van aldrie lande geïdentifiseer. Die strukture verskil effens van mekaar en veral die plasing van die wetenskap en tegnologiebestuur bepaal die effektiwiteit van die stelsel. Die Suid Afrikaanse NSI is goed gevestig omdat sy netwerk versterk word deur die Nasionale Adviesraad vir Innovasie en die Nasionale Navorsing- en Ontwikkelingstrategie. Volgende is Namibië wat 'n sisteem in plek het, terwyl Malawi nog maar in die beginstadium is van die daarstelling van hul NSI.

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Kostoglou, Maria. "Aegean Thrace : social and technological aspects of iron production from classical to Roman times". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288930.

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Fouah, Emmanuel. "Voix et voies de l'auteur : aspects de l'énonciation dans les discours de Rabelais et de Montaigne". Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2019.

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Cette étude dégage les enjeux littéraires et linguistiques de l'actualisation des paramètres énonciatifs dans les discours de Rabelais et de Montaigne. Les textes considérés construisent des scénographies particulières à travers lesquelles les auteurs se mettent en scène. Les données linguistiques de cette configuration discursive sont examinées suivant la problématique des modalités du rapport à soi au discours et aux lecteurs. A cet effet, la réflexion met un accent sur l'étude des unités déictiques qui actualisent les données de la situation d'énonciation. Elle articule, de plus, le contenu textuel et le contexte socio-historique de production des œuvres. Une telle approche de Rabelais et de Montaigne, tout en éclairant des aspects de la subjectivité à la Renaissance
This study shows literary and linguistic stakes of the realization of enumerative parameters in Rabelais' and Montaigne's works. These texts build particular scenographies by which the authors portray themselves. The linguistic factors of this discursive configuration are examined according to issues of connection modalities with oneself, with the discourse and with the readers. To that purpose, the analysis stresses the study of deictic units which actualize situation of utterance. Moreover, it connects textual content to the historical context. Such an approch reveals the whole complexity of author's figure in Rabelais' and Montaigne's discourses and considers some aspects of subjectivity in the Renaissance

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26

Grossmann, Volker. "Inequality, economic growth, and technological change : new aspects in an old debate; with ... 5 tables /". Heidelberg ; New York : Physica-Verl, 2001. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz088958752cov.htm.

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Burgués, Ceballos Ignasi. "Towards industrial viability of organic solar cells: ITO-free, green solvents and technological aspects for upscalability". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283360.

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Des de la seva aparició com a alternativa per la conversió d’energia fotovoltaica, el camp de les cel·les solars orgàniques ha experimentat un progrés significatiu, especialment en els darrers 15 anys. El gran interès en la tecnologia fotovoltaica orgànica (OPV, per les sigles en anglès) es deu principalment al seu potencial baix cost. Rellevants avenços científics han empès les eficiències de conversió energètica fins al 12%, fet que encoratja a acostar les OPV al mercat. Tanmateix, altres aspectes decisius per la seva industrialització han estat menys atesos. Aquesta tesi tracta tres qüestions clau que la tecnologia OPV ha d’afrontar per tal d’assolir una transferència fiable del laboratori a la industria. En primer lloc, es necessiten estratègies pel processat i post-processat a gran escala, idealment amb un cost reduït. En aquest treball es presenta una amplia investigació en inkjet printing. És necessari tenir un profund coneixement d’aquesta tècnica compatible amb roll-to-roll per tal d’assolir morfologies de capa adequades. S’ha trobat que la cinètica d’assecat de les capes és especialment crítica. En relació a això, s’ha desenvolupat un nou mètode per determinar patrons d’impressió apropiats per la deposició de la capa activa. A més, s’ha demostrat l’ús d’un tractament alternatiu anomenat vapour printing en dispositius OPV. Utilitzant aquest mètode amb vapor de dissolvent adequat, el tractament de la capa activa es pot assolir en temps molt més curts en comparació a altres tècniques. Un altre aspecte que ha estat poc atès està relacionat amb els dissolvents utilitzats pel processat dels OPV, especialment per la deposició de la capa activa. Típicament s’utilitzen dissolvents halogenats, com el clorbenzè o el diclorbenzè, essent alguns d’ells prohibits per aplicacions industrials. Substituir-los per formulacions verdes és, per tant, una necessitat primordial. Per tal de trobar sistemes aptes de dissolvents verds, s’ha utilitzat un mètode basat en la solubilitat. Aquest mètode, prèviament demostrat per cel·les solars polimèriques, s’estén de manera satisfactòria en aquesta tesi en dispositius basats en petita molècula. També s’aporten nous coneixements sobre la precisió del mètode. L’oxid d’indi i estany (ITO, per les seves sigles en anglès), freqüentment utilitzat com a elèctrode conductor transparent, contribueix de manera important en el cost d’un mòdul OPV. Altres raons per reemplaçar aquest component inclouen la seva modesta flexibilitat i conductivitat, el que pot limitar l’extracció de corrent elèctric en dispositius de gran àrea. Una possible alternativa són les xarxes metàl·liques combinades amb una capa transparent semiconductora. Tot i resoldre l’aspecte de la conductivitat, altres factors limiten encara l’extracció de corrent. El nou mètode utilitzat en aquest treball per preparar aquestes estructures venç aquests factors. Es demostren dispositius eficients lliures de ITO.
Desde su aparición como alternativa para la conversión de energía fotovoltaica, el campo de las células solares orgánicas ha experimentado un progreso significativo, especialmente en los últimos 15 años. El gran interés en la tecnología fotovoltaica orgánica (OPV, por sus siglas en inglés) se debe principalmente a su potencial bajo coste. Relevantes avances científicos han empujado las eficiencias de conversión energética hasta el 12%, lo que alienta el acercamiento de las OPV al mercado. Sin embargo, otros aspectos decisivos para su industrialización han sido menos atendidos. Esta tesis trata tres cuestiones clave que la tecnología OPV tiene que afrontar para alcanzar una transferencia fiable del laboratorio a la industria. En primer lugar, se necesitan estrategias para el procesado y post-procesado a gran escala, idealmente con un coste reducido. En este trabajo se presenta una amplia investigación en inkjet printing. Es necesario tener un profundo conocimiento sobre esta técnica compatible con roll-to-roll para obtener morfologías de capa adecuadas. Se ha encontrado que la cinética de secado de la capa es especialmente crítica. En relación a esto, se ha desarrollado un nuevo método para determinar patrones de impresión adecuados para la deposición de la capa activa. Además, se ha demostrado el uso de un tratamiento alternativo llamado vapour printing en dispositivos OPV. Utilizando este método con vapores de disolvente aptos, el tratamiento de la capa activa se puede alcanzar en tiempos mucho más cortos en comparación con otras técnicas. Otro aspecto que ha sido poco atendido está relacionado con los disolventes utilizados en el procesado de las OPV, especialmente en la deposición de la capa activa. Típicamente se emplean disolventes halogenados, como el clorobenceno o diclorobenzeno, estando alguno de ellos prohibidos en aplicaciones industriales. Su substitución por formulaciones verdes es, por tanto, una necesidad primordial. Para encontrar sistemas aptos de disolventes verdes, se ha utilizado un método basado en la solubilidad. Este método, previamente demostrado para células solares poliméricas, se extiende de manera exitosa en esta tesis para dispositivos basados en pequeña molécula. También se aportan nuevos conocimientos sobre la precisión del método. El óxido de indio y estaño (ITO, por sus siglas en inglés), frecuentemente utilizado como electrodo conductor transparente, contribuye de manera importante en el coste de un módulo OPV. Otros motivos para substituir este componente incluyen su modesta flexibilidad y conductividad, lo que puede limitar la extracción de corriente eléctrica en dispositivos de gran área. Una posible alternativa son las redes metálicas combinadas con una capa transparente semiconductora. A pesar de que el aspecto de la conductividad queda solucionado, otros factores limitan aún la extracción de corriente. El nuevo método utilizado en este trabajo para preparar estas estructuras vence estos aspectos. Se demuestran dispositivos eficientes libres de ITO.
Since its emergence as an alternative for photovoltaic energy conversion, the field of organic solar cells has experienced significant progress, especially in the last 15 years. The high interest in organic photovoltaics (OPV) technology is mostly due to its lowcost potential. Relevant scientific advances have pushed power conversion efficiencies up to 12%, which is encouraging for bringing OPV to market. However, other decisive aspects for their industrialisation have been less attended. This thesis deals with three key issues that OPV technology has to face in order to achieve a reliable lab-to-fab transfer. First, approaches for large-scale processing and post-processing are needed, ideally with reduced cost. In this work a broad investigation in inkjet printing is presented. A deep understanding on this roll-to-roll compatible technique is necessary to achieve suitable layer morphology. The drying kinetics of the wet film has been found to be especially critical. In relation to this, a new method to determine appropriate printing patterns for active layer deposition has been developed. Moreover, an alternative post-processing treatment called vapour printing is demonstrated for OPV devices. Using this method with suitable solvent vapour, the annealing of the active layer can be achieved in much shorter times as compared to other treatments. Another aspect that has been poorly attended is related to the solvents used for OPV processing, specifically for active layer deposition. Typically halogenated solvents such as chlorobenzene or o-dichlorobenzene are employed, being some of them banned for industrial applications. Their replacement by green formulations is therefore a major need. In order to find suitable green solvent systems, a method based on solubility has been used. This method, previously demonstrated for polymeric solar cells, is successfully extended in this thesis for small molecule based devices. New insights into the accuracy of the method are also provided. A major contributor to the cost of an OPV module is the indium-tin-oxide (ITO), commonly used as a transparent conductive electrode. Further reasons to replace this component include its modest flexibility and conductivity, which may limit current extraction in large area devices. One possible alternative are metallic grids combined with a transparent semiconductor layer. Although the conductivity issue is solved, other factors still limit current extraction. The new method used in this work to prepare such structures overcomes these features. Efficient, ITO-free devices are demonstrated.

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Petetin, François. "Decision-making in disruptive technological innovation projects : a value approach based on technical and strategic aspects". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECAP0017/document.

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L’innovation, bien que clé pour le développement des entreprises peut être extrêmement compliquée. L’incertitude associée à la valeur qu’elle peut générer est souvent très dissuasive. Pour des petites entreprises, gérer un projet d’innovation de rupture technologique représente un challenge important. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous nous concentrons sur cette problématique. Dans le cadre d’une recherche-action menée dans la PME L’Hotellier, nous avons mis au point une méthode permettant de faciliter la prise de décisions critiques dans les projets d’innovation de rupture technologique pour de petites entreprises. Cette approche est basée sur l’étude des valeurs créées par l’innovation et sur l’analyse des risques menaçant cette création de valeur. Ce travail se concentre sur l’étude des petites et moyennes entreprises (PMEs). A travers une analyse bibliographique, nous mettons en évidence certains handicaps de ces structures : leurs faibles ressources (humaines et financières) et leurs difficultés à accéder à certaines connaissances spécifiques. Cette faiblesse peut être rédhibitoire pour le développement d’innovation dans ces structures également caractérisées par une faible formalisation des connaissances et des processus. Le second élément de contexte considéré est le type d’innovation développée. Ce que nous appelons ici innovations de rupture technologique sont des innovations qui présentent une haute incertitude technologique et qui mettent en jeu une discontinuité vis-à-vis du marché par rapport aux pratiques traditionnelles de l’entreprise. En conséquence, ces innovations sont caractérisées par un manque de connaissance vis-à-vis de la technologie et du marché. Cette analyse du contexte nous permet de souligner que pour une PME, un des plus importants défis des projets d’innovation de rupture technologique est l’identification et l’accès à ces connaissances clés. En plus de cette analyse, nous avons listé et identifié les forces et faiblesses des principaux modèles des processus d’innovation existants dans la littérature, tant dans le champ du management d’innovation que dans celui des sciences de la conception. Nous mettons en évidence que ces modèles décrivent généralement les processus d’innovation comme une succession d’activités et de décisions éventuellement mettant en œuvre des boucles de rétroaction. A cause de l’incertitude induite par les projets d’innovation de rupture technologique, nous soulignons que la gestion des phases de décisions constitue une problématique peu couverte par la littérature. Notre modèle vise à faciliter la prise des décisions critiques dans les différentes étapes du processus de conception. Nous définissons ces décisions comme des décisions ayant un impact important sur le projet d’innovation (qualité, coûts, délais) et ayant une incertitude significative concernant leurs alternatives. Ces décisions peuvent être liées au produit, au processus de fabrication ou au marché. L’objectif de l’innovation étant de créer de la valeur, nous montrons que deux informations sont nécessaires pour une prise de décision de qualité : la connaissance de la valeur qui va être créée pour les parties prenantes du projet pour chaque alternative ainsi que le niveau de risque associé à cette création de valeur. Nous en retirons l’hypothèse suivante : la prise de décision critique dans des projets d’innovation de rupture technologique en PME est plus facile, rationnelle et robuste lorsque les décideurs connaissent l’impact en termes de création de valeur et de risque de chaque alternative de la décision. Cela nous a conduits à définir un modèle en quatre étapes pour aider à la décision dans de tels projets. Une pose du problème consiste à définir les objectifs et contraintes liées à la décision et à les traduire en termes de création de valeur. [...]
Innovation, however key for the development of companies, can be a real adventure. The uncertainty related to the value it can create is often an important dissuasive factor. For small companies dealing with disruptive technological innovation it represents an important and specific challenge. In this thesis we tackle this particular issue. In a research action conducted in the SME “L’Hotellier”, we devised a method that aims to helpmanagers to pilot disruptive technological innovation projects in SMEs through the control of the criticaldecisions of the project. This approach is based on the study of the values created by the innovation and of the risks threatening this value creation. This thesis is divided in five main parts. We begin by studying the context of our research. Then we identify and analyze our problematic. Based on the results of this analysis, we propose a model for the management of these critical decisions. This model is then experimented twice in an innovation project in L’Hotellier. The results of these experimentations are analyzed in order to assess the validity and value of our model. Finally, a conclusion summarizes our contribution to the scientific field of design sciences and discusses the limits and perspectives of our work

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Cincera, Michele. "Economic and technological performances of international firms". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212081.

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The research performed throughout this dissertation aims at implementing quantitative methods in order to assess economic and technological performances of firms, i.e. it tries to assess the impacts of the determinants of technological activity on the results of this activity. For this purpose, a representative sample of the most important R&D firms in the world is constituted. The micro-economic nature of the analysis, as well as its international dimension are two main features of this research at the empirical level.

The second chapter illustrates the importance of R&D investments, patenting activities and other measures of technological activities performed by firms over the last 10 years.

The third chapter describes the main features as well as the construction of the database. The raw data sample consists of comparable detailed micro-level data on 2676 large manufacturing firms from several countries. These firms have reported important R&D expenditures over the period 1980-1994.

The fourth chapter explores the dynamic structure of the patent-R&D relationship by considering the number of patent applications as a function of present and lagged levels of R&D expenditures. R&D spillovers as well as technological and geographical opportunities are taken into account as additional determinants in order to explain patenting behaviours. The estimates are based on recently developed econometric techniques that deal with the discrete non-negative nature of the dependent patent variable as well as the simultaneity that can arise between the R&D decisions and patenting. The results show evidence of a rather contemporaneous impact of R&D activities on patenting. As far as R&D spillovers are concerned, these externalities have a significantly higher impact on patenting than own R&D. Furthermore, these effects appear to take more time, three years on average, to show up in patents.

The fifth chapter explores the contribution of own stock of R&D capital to productivity performance of firms. To this end the usual productivity residual methodology is implemented. The empirical section presents a first set of results which replicate the analysis of previous studies and tries to assess the robustness of the findings with regard to the above issues. Then, further results, based on different sub samples of the data set, investigate to what extent the R&D contribution on productivity differs across firms of different industries and geographic areas or between small and large firms and low and high-tech firms. The last section explores more carefully the simultaneity issue. On the whole, the estimates indicate that R&D has a positive impact on productivity performances. Yet, this contribution is far from being homogeneous across the different dimensions of data or according to the various assumptions retained in the productivity model.

The last empirical chapter goes deeper into the analysis of firms' productivity increases, by considering besides own R&D activities the impact of technological spillovers. The chapter begins by surveying the alternative ways proposed in the literature in order to asses the effect of R&D spillovers on productivity. The main findings reported by some studies at the micro level are then outlined. Then, the framework to formalize technological externalities and other technological determinants is exposed. This framework is based on a positioning of firms into a technological space using their patent distribution across technological fields. The question of whether the externalities generated by the technological and geographic neighbours are different on the recipient's productivity is also addressed by splitting the spillover variable into a local and national component. Then, alternative measures of technological proximity are examined. Some interesting observations emerge from the empirical results. First, the impact of spillovers on productivity increases is positive and much more important than the contribution of own R&D. Second, spillover effects are not the same according to whether they emanate from firms specialized in similar technological fields or firms more distant in the technological space. Finally, the magnitude and direction of these effects are radically different within and between the pillars of the Triad. While European firms do not appear to particularly benefit from both national and international sources of spillovers, US firms are mainly receptive to their national stock and Japanese firms take advantage from the international stock.

Doctorat en sciences économiques, Orientation économie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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30

Matheson, Rob. "The economic effects of supply management on technology adoption in the Quebec and Ontario dairy sector /". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63896.

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Cohen, David H. "The adoption of innovative wood processing technologies in the building products industry". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54508.

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The strategic importance of the adoption of innovative processing technologies was analyzed for building products businesses. This study examined the two components of wood building products businesses: the structural panel industry and the softwood Iumber industry. To ensure that the relevance of adopting of innovative processing technologies was examined within an accurate contextual environment, additional important strategies and performance were also measured. A mail survey of the seventy-five largest North American producers of these two products provided the primary data necessary to investigate the strategic importance of process technology adoption, forward vertical integration, relative market share, grade sector focus, and investment intensity on firm performance as measured by profitability surrogates and changes in relative market share. This survey collected direct measures of the proportion of 1987 production produced by respondent firms that used controlled distribution channels and each of twentythree processes indicative of innovative technologies in the manufacture of building products. Information concerning the other strategic and performance factors was collected from secondary data sources. Results indicate that the adoption of innovative processing technologies has a positive impact on firm profitability. Investment intensity and grade sector focus also contributed to superior profitability. Forward vertical integration, and relative market share had no impact in differences between performance levels for the firms studied. Technologies were examined for underlying dimensions that group different process technologies together. Firms were clustered according to their level of adoption of innovative processing technologies and these clusters were then described according to a variety of firm-dependent characteristics, strategies, and performance measures. A strategy-performance model was developed for standardized, industrial product-markets and empirically tested using the data collected for the building products industry as an industry representative of this type of competitive environment.
Ph. D.

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Cooper, Benedict C. "The evolution of technology and adaptive economic behaviour". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6b6fece5-fdc3-4ac5-ad38-ca94f6aea127.

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This thesis studies the role of learning as a mechanism of economic change. Two areas are considered where this would seem to be important. First, how firms learn about new technology; and secondly, how agents learn to behave in interactive situations. A model of research and development is presented which models the process by which firms solve specific design problems. This may be by individual experimental search or by partial imitation. In the latter case, a close parallel is drawn between biological evolution, based on genetic reproduction, and technological evolution, based on firms blending existing technologies. Some economic implications of these processes are explored, including their application to stochastic learning curves, patent design and the transfer of technology to developing countries. The thesis continues by critically assessing the analogy between biological and cultural evolution often used to model how agents learn to behave in interactive situations. It is argued that the methods used by economists exploiting this analogy are often ill-suited to an economic context. Models are presented which deal with specific issues in the transition from a biological context to an economic context, including models of partnership formation, models of imperfect imitation, and models without payoff-monotonic dynamics. The issue of imperfect imitation is expanded upon in an evolutionary model of the infinitely repeated prisoners' dilemma, where it is shown that the problem of inter-generational copying fidelity may allow one to restrict attention to strategies with a very simple stochastic structure.

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Voida, Amy. "Exploring a Technological Hermeneutic: Understanding the Interpretation of Computer-Mediated Messaging Systems". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24744.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Elizabeth D. Mynatt; Committee Member: Jay D. Bolter; Committee Member: Rebecca E. Grinter; Committee Member: W. Keith Edwards; Committee Member: Wendy A. Kellogg

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Toledo, Nataly Maria Viva de. "Use of fruit processing by-products for the development of cookies: physicochemical, nutritional, technological and sensory aspects". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11141/tde-13032019-181241/.

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The present study aimed at characterizing pineapple, apple and melon by-products and evaluating their potential as an ingredient for the partial substitution of wheat flour in cookie formulations. The addition of fruit by-products contributed to rise the cookies fiber content. Melon by-product was prominent for its mineral content, whereas apple by-product presented more relevant results for phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity (DPPH and ABTS). Such behaviors reflected in the cookie formulations. Eight phenolic compounds (vanillic acid, gallic acid, sinapic acid, salicylic acid, p-coumaric acid, catechin, epicatechin and rutin) were identified and quantified by HPLC in both the by-products and cookies. Regarding the antinutritional factors and mineral bioavailability, it was observed that the addition of fruit by-products in cookies reduced the contents of phytate and oxalate and promoted changes in calcium, iron and zinc bioavailability. Facing the technological aspects, it was observed that the use of by-products interfered in the color of the cookies, making them slightly darker and also weakened the gluten formed, promoting variations in diameter and expansion factor. On the other hand, it was observed that increasing concentrations of by-products led to higher values of hardness, making the cookies firmer and crunchier. In the sensory point of view, it was verified that the cookie with 15% of pineapple by-product demonstrated the highest acceptance, followed by cookies with 15% of apple by-product, control and 15% of melon by-product. By quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA), it was found that the addition of fruit by-products altered the sensory profile of the cookies. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the fruit by-products are potential ingredients for cookie formulation, attributing to them specific physicochemical, technological, nutritional and sensory properties which can vary according to the by-products employed.
O presente estudo visou caracterizar subprodutos de abacaxi, maçã e melão e avaliar seu potencial como ingrediente para substituição parcial de farinha de trigo em formulações de biscoitos. A adição de subprodutos de frutas contribuiu para elevar o teor de fibras dos biscoitos. O subproduto de melão se destacou por seu conteúdo mineral, enquanto que o subproduto de maçã apresentou resultados mais relevantes para compostos fenólicos e capacidade antioxidante (DPPH e ABTS). Tais comportamentos se refletiram nas formulações de biscoitos. Oito compostos fenólicos (ácido vanílico, ácido gálico, ácido sinápico, ácido salicílico, ácido p-cumárico, catequina, epicatequina e rutina) foram identificados e quantificados por HPLC tanto nos subprodutos como nos biscoitos. Com relação aos fatores antinutricionais e biodisponibilidade mineral, observou-se que a adição de subprodutos de frutas em biscoitos diminuiu os teores de fitato e oxalato e promoveu mudanças na biodisponibilidade de cálcio, ferro e zinco. Frente aos aspectos tecnológicos, observou-se que o uso de subprodutos interferiu na cor dos biscoitos, tornando-os levemente mais escuros e também enfraqueceu a rede de glúten formada, promovendo variações do diâmetro e fator de expansão. Por outro lado, observou-se que quanto maior a concentração de subprodutos, maiores foram os valores de dureza (textura), sendo as amostras consideradas mais firmes e crocantes. Do ponto de vista sensorial, verificou-se que o biscoito com 15% de subproduto de abacaxi foi o que demonstrou maior aceitação, seguido pelos cookies com 15% de subproduto de maçã, controle e 15% de subproduto de melão. Por meio de análise descritiva quantitativa (ADQ), observou-se que a adição de subprodutos de frutas alterou o perfil sensorial dos biscoitos. A partir dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que os subprodutos de frutas se apresentam como potenciais ingredientes para formulações de cookies, atribuindo-lhes propriedades físico-químicas, tecnológicas, nutricionais e sensoriais específicas as quais podem variar de acordo com o subproduto empregado.

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35

Civil, Pierre. "Recherches sur le portrait en Espagne sous les règnes de Philippe II et Philippe III (Madrid et Tolède) : aspects culturels et idéologiques". Paris 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA030130.

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L'inflation du portrait dans l'europe moderne est un phenomene historique depassant les seuls aspects esthetiques et formels. L'essor de l'effigie en espagne, aux 16e et 17e siecles, peut etre rapproche d'une situation politique hegemonique le "retrato" affirme l'individualite, manifeste le souci du prestige et perpetue le souvenir; il s'inscrit de facon plus elargie a l'interieur de spheres sociales et culturelles determinees. Quelques axes essentiels en apprehendent le fonctionnement. La theorie du portrait normalise et codifie des conceptions du corps et de la personne ainsi que des lectures precisant certaines significations de l'image dans son imitation au reel. La manifestation picturale majeure du portrait de cour elabore un veritable systeme de representation aristocratique au sommet duquel la figure du roi exalte le pouvoir monarchique et la continuite dynastique. Le portrait urbain tel que l'on peut l'observer a tolede se diversifie dans l'image du donateur comme miroir de devotion, dans les effigies de l'archeveque, celles du prince dans les decors festif s. Le greco renouvelle les schemas routiniers de la representation des elites toledanes. Sur le principe de l'exemplarite de la gloire se deploient les galeries d'hommes illustres tandis que les frontispices de livres multiplien t dedicataires et auteurs. Situees dans leur multiples coordonees historiques, les expressions visuelles de l'individu structruent des rites sociaux et definissent les formes d'un imaginaire
The inflation of portrait in early modern europe is a historical phenomenon that overpasses formal and aesthetical aspects. The development of effigy in spain in the 16th and 17th centuries could be referred to a political situation of hegemony. If the "retrato" affirms the individuality, traduces the prestige and perpetuates the memory, it widely enter s into peculiar and social areas. Only a few major axes allow to understtand how it works. Portrait theory regulates and codifies conceptions of the body and the person as well as certain meanings of image in the imitation of reality. The main pictural manifestation of the court portrait elaborates a real system of aristocratic representation in which top the king's figure exalts the monarchical power and the dynastic continuity. The urban portrait as it can be studied in toledo diversifies itself into the image of the donor as a mirror of devotion, into the portrait of the arbishop and into the effigies of the prince in the festive sceneries. El greco renews the rutinary patterns of toledan elites. Responding to the principle of glory imitation, series of illustrious men develop while the frontispieces of books multiply dedicatory personages and authors. Situated in their numerous historical interpretations, the visual expressions of individual shapte social rules and define the form of imaginary

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36

Ploykitikoon, Pattravadee. "The Impact of Knowledge Inflows on the Performance of National Laboratories in Technological Latecomer Countries". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1071.

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The national laboratories (NLs) play a critical role in the economic and social development of technological latecomer countries, yet no academic study has ever quantified how knowledge inflows and internal knowledge impact the performance of the NLs. This dissertation identifies and ranks the importance of factors pertaining to knowledge inflows and project-internal knowledge, which determine the success or failure of research projects in the NLs of Thailand. A survey of 123 project managers in the NLs, which covers 208 R&D projects, has been conducted. It consists of a questionnaire and unstructured interviews in which the project managers discuss their project(s). Data from the questionnaire are analyzed by factor analysis, multiple regression and logistic regression; qualitative data from the interviews are used to interpret the quantitative results from the questionnaire. The research finds that, regardless of a project's mission, knowledge inflows from outside the project group impact performance more significantly than knowledge from inside the project group does. Second, the capacity of R&D project groups within the NLs to absorb knowledge from external sources is very selective. Absorptive capacity does not just pertain to prior related knowledge; it is also a function of the source of external knowledge, the knowledge pathway into the project group, the source of complementary or substitutive knowledge that resides within the project group, and the mission to which the knowledge contributes. Third, the NLs face an ambidexterity challenge that is commonly observed in private industry--exploiting current capabilities interferes with the national laboratories' capability to explore. The discovery of selective absorption of knowledge provides practicing managers with a toolkit of micro-levers with which they can enhance performance as measured by a variety of metrics in highly specific ways. The dissertation also proposes and validates a theoretical framework for knowledge management that decomposes the national laboratory system into nine knowledge subsystems, which can be managed at a relatively low level of the organization. The methods by which this research has been conducted can be used as a tool to benchmark how knowledge management practices in different R&D organizations and environments impact performance. Guidelines for structural adjustments to the national innovation system, which are based on these contributions, should enable policymakers in most countries to implement an Open Innovation program for their national laboratories and enhance the ambidexterity of their organizations.

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37

Ezer, Neta. "Is a robot an appliance, teammate, or friend? age-related differences in expectations of and attitudes toward personal home-based robots". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26567.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Fisk, Arthur D.; Committee Member: Corso, Gregory; Committee Member: Essa, Irfan A.; Committee Member: Roberts, James S.; Committee Member: Rogers, Wendy A.; Committee Member: Van Ittersum, Koert.. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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38

Iacono, Carol Sue. "New technologies and transformations of work in postindustrial society: Toward a framework for meta-analysis". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185974.

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While most scholars agree that the development of increasingly sophisticated computer-based technologies over the past thirty years and their ubiquitous use in work settings are important technological transformations, it is still question whether they constitute large-scale and meaningful social transformations. In this dissertation, it is argued that transformations cannot be understood by studying technologies in isolated and circumscribed analyses, rather they must be understood in the historical and socio-political context of their development and use. Several important questions are being asked: Will social relations in work settings be transformed so that they are more collaborative and less hierarchical, as many proponents of new group support systems predict? Will workers in computer-using organizations share equally in the production and control of skills and knowledge? Or will the use of new technologies reinforce and reproduce the current distribution of power, authority and knowledge in organizations? In order to answer these questions, a meta-analytic framework is developed. It comprises a continuum from micro- to macro-social interaction contexts, including six key fields of action surrounding the use of new technologies: (1) design; (2) use; (3) infrastructure of support; (4) work group governance; (5) organizational contexts; and (6) organizational fields. Four field studies are conducted with in vivo, ongoing organizational work groups using three new computer-based information technologies. There is little indication that hierarchical forms of work group governance are being restructured along the lines of more flexible and collaborative forms of work organization. There is, however, some evidence for power shifts among relatively disenfranchised high status participants in ongoing project teams. In addition, distinctive cultures emerged in ongoing groups that used group collaboration systems. In the desktop computing and desktop group support system work groups, skills and knowledge about their own computing environment were differentially distributed, so that lower status workers were less knowledgeable. Thus, the routine use of new technologies is most likely to reinforce the current distribution of authority and power in organizations.

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39

Hirasuna, Donald Phillip 1960. "A dual approach to modelling the dairy industry with predictions on the impact of bovine somatotropin". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276840.

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This study employs duality theory to model the dairy industry. Supply and demands for milk, cull cows, feed, labor and veterinary services were simultaneously estimated using Weighted Least Squares. Elasticities and partial adjustments were obtained for the Nation and the following regions, Appalachia, Cornbelt, Northeast, Pacific, Southern Plains and Upper-Midwest. Predictions for the change in quantity of goods demanded and supplied were made assuming a parallel shift in the supply of milk and demand for feed. In conclusion, predictions on the impact of bovine Somatotropin are made assuming all results are correct.

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40

Mathurine, Jude. "Towards a critical understanding of media assistance for "new media" development". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002914.

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The field of media assistance has grown ever more complex with the inclusion of ‘new media’ networks, channels, tools and practices (such as the Internet, satellite television, mobile devices, social media and citizen journalism) to the media development mix. Adding to the ferment is the increasing convergence between the formerly discrete terrains of ICT for development, media for development and (mass) media development. Much of the discussion regarding the utility and objectives of media development in general and ‘new media’ in particular has been viewed through a modernist and techno-determinist prism which offers a limited ideological view of media development and its objects and consequently, a limited set of communication approaches and strategies. This study contextualises the assumptions of media development historically and critically, with particular focus on new media’s roles and relationships with the media environment, and its objectives democratisation and development. Through the application of literature, theory and various research studies, this thesis establishes a broader view of new media’s role and diverse consequences for media development, democracy and development. The study recommends greater collaboration, contextual research and theorisation of media development and new media as part of mixed media systems and cognisant of the multi-dimensional natures of its objects of democracy and development. One implication is the need for professionalisation of the media development and media assistance sector. In relation to the influences of new media on media use and the media as an institution, it motivates the need to address digital divides and emphasise the sustainability of the practice of journalism.

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41

Yiadom, Michael Boakye. "A model of creative and innovative techniques that will prepare final year students to become entrepreneurs". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3812.

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Creativity and innovation are significant for the creation of a knowledge and productive base economy with its associated growth, sustainability and job creation. However it is noticed that students will need to employ the techniques on creativity and innovation in order to prepare themselves sufficiently to become business owners and entrepreneurs in this current global world where government jobs are difficult to come by. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to determine creative and innovative techniques that will prepare final-year students to become entrepreneurs. A hard copy Word document questionnaire was considered an appropriate measurement method for this study. The targeted population of the study included entrepreneurial experts, business owners, teachers and lecturers of business management/studies in the Sisonke District of Kwazulu Natal Province. Thus, some 100 entrepreneur experts, owners of businesses, teachers and lecturers were identified as part of the sampling frame. A total number of 67 questionnaires were administered out of the 100 targeted– giving a response rate of 67%. The quantitative data were processed using Excel, leading to appropriate descriptive statistical analyses, including frequencies, means, medians and standard deviations. In order to obtain a better understanding of a model that will prepare final year students to become entrepreneurs, problem statements and sub-problems were stated and a t-test was used to establish demographic variables, whilst correlation analysis among skills was conducted regarding the model of creative and innovative techniques. Factor analysis was conducted using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient which confirms that training in the model will prepare students to become entrepreneurs. The results from the empirical study revealed that a model of creative and innovative techniques will prepare students to become entrepreneurs, with a total of 70% of respondents attesting to it. Based on the relevant literature study and the empirical results, recommendations were made in order to support the training needs of students on creativity and innovation techniques. However, the unavailability of an exhaustive entrepreneurial experts database and small number of further education and training colleges in the Sisonke District, did not allow the research to draw on a larger representative sample. Thus, this limitation has impeded in-depth statistical analysis that would have allowed the research to obtain more accurate findings. Further studies could be investigated from lecturers, business owners and experts whether an introduction of a special curriculum on creativity and innovation in further education and training schools may prepare students to become entrepreneurs.

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42

Lochbühler, Bernd Christoph [Verfasser]. "The potential of yeast proteins to substitute for traditional fining agents : technological and sensory aspects / Bernd Christoph Lochbühler". Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1079139370/34.

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43

Tsipotas, Dimitrios. "Reviving Greek furniture : technological and design aspects through interdisciplinary research and digital three-dimensional techniques : the prehistoric period". Thesis, Bucks New University, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.714453.

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44

Desai, Nirdev. "Technological, social and economic aspects of gold production and use by the iron age people of Southern Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7837.

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This dissertation addresses technological, social and economIC aspects of gold production and use in the Late Iron Age of southern Africa. The topic is approached in two ways. The first is to define the fabrication technology employed in producing gold artefacts. The second is to use trace element fingerprinting to try to determine which geological deposits were exploited by gold miners of this period. Three assemblages exist that allow these questions to be addressed; Mapungubwe (1 ath - 13th century AD), Great Zimbabwe (12th - 15th century AD) and Thulamela (l4th - 17th century AD). Previous descriptions of the fabrication technology of southern African gold exist, but this is the first, systematic study of all three assemblages. The fabrication technology reconstruction used three lines of analysis; visual inspection with the naked eye, microscopy of the surfaces, and microhardness testing and metallography of selected polished samples. Fifty eight specimens were studied from Mapungubwe, two hundred and sixty eight pieces from Great Zimbabwe and fifteen from Thulamela. Trade and socio-economic effects of southern Africa's Later Iron Age are discussed in the light of the now available trace element analysis and fabrication technology of the gold artefacts studied here. No tools for working gold have been found, and inferences have been made by modelling them on tools for copper and iron working. The basic toolkit consisted of a blade, hammer, chisel, a punch and an anvil. There were four basic artefact types; wire, beads, foil and tacks. There was no significant stylistic change in artefact types and the number of artefact types in the three assemblages. Cold working and annealing were standard practices in fabrication. Ten finished artefacts types have been identified; wrapped, rolled and punched beads, foil, strips cut from foil, tacks, straight and coiled wire, rod sections and links. Other gold artefacts were recovered but were either offeuts or in the process of being made into one of the ten types described above. These are prills, discs and offcuts. Trace element groups were based on grouping the samples by similarities in the signature profiles. Identification was on the basis of the presence and absence of metallic impurities. It was deduced that alluvial gold mining was practised alongside reef gold mining. Mixing of gold ores occurred. Alloying was not intentionally practised. Identification of the gold sources would require further analysis of unworked material from potential geological sources.

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45

Lachance, Jean-Pierre. "Les conditions de succès des pme intégrant de nouvelles technologies : les aspects associés aux activités de formation /". Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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46

Wahlberg, Ayo. "Modernisation and its side effects : an inquiry into the revival and renaissance of herbal medicine in Vietnam and Britain". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/298/.

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Herbal medicine has experienced tangible revivals in both Vietnam and the United Kingdom since the mid-20th century, as reflected in sales of herbal medicinal products, numbers of users and the availability of training opportunities for aspiring herbalists. In both countries, this revival came on the back of more or less concerted official efforts to discourage and even ban the practice and use of herbal medicine, by colonial authorities (in Vietnam) or professional medical associations and regulatory bodies (in the UK). Utilising archaeological and genealogical methods as developed by Canguilhem, Foucault and others, this study seeks to account for these revivals by pursuing three particular lines of analysis. Firstly, by describing the formations of power-knowledge relations which have allowed Vietnamese and British herbal medicine to challenge biomedical monopolies in the latter half of the 20th century, it is argued that the ways in which ‘quackery’ is conceptualised and regulated against in both countries today, has undergone substantial transformations. Secondly, by identifying the techniques of truth making which either suggest or contest a superior efficacy (over placebo) for two particular herbal medicines in the treatment of depression (in the UK) and addiction (in Vietnam), the study demonstrates how the concept of ‘efficacy’ not only pertains to bio-physiological effects but also to the symbolic effects of the treatments in question. Finally, by asking what kind of ‘life’ herbal medicine is seen to be affecting, it is suggested that longevity has been joined by quality of life as a separate, yet inherently interlinked, therapeutic site. One of the key conclusions of the dissertation is, that the sub-disciplines of medical anthropology and sociology have played a crucial role in the 20th century births of ‘traditional medicine’ and ‘complementary and alternative medicine’ (as opposed to ‘primitive’ and ‘fringe’ medicine). Firstly, in diagnosing a ‘crisis of modern medicine’ by highlighting its dehumanising and toxifying effects, and secondly, in providing a theory of symbolic efficacy which could help explain the continued importance of what had in the past been written off as ‘esoteric’ or ‘backward’ healing practices. As a consequence, the study describes how an ongoing governmentalisation of human subjectivities has been a requisite side effect of modernisation in the recent revival and renaissance of herbal medicine in Vietnam and the United Kingdom.

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47

Peak, Geoffrey Colin. "Product innovation and differentiation, intra-industry trade and growth : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php357.pdf.

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Includes bibliograhical references (leaves 239-251) Concerned with the influence that the production of innovative goods has on the economic growth rate of a country. Proposes that amongst the developed economies, the higher the level of production of innovative goods within a country, the higher the GDP growth rate, all else being equal.

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48

Lin, Zhong Xuan. "Towards a politics of ourselves :Chinese internet celebrity's practices of self-governance". Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3690692.

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49

Fiorda, Fernanda Assumpção. "Development of new potentialy probiotic honey beverage fermented by kefir grains = functional properties, molecular microbiological characteristics and technological aspects". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/43025.

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Orientador : Prof. Dr. Carlos Ricardo Soccol
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Tecnologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia de Alimentos. Defesa: Curitiba, 29/04/2016
Inclui referências : f. 51-57-78-852-104-105-122-124
Resumo: O kefir é tradicionalmente uma bebida produzida a partir de leite através da inoculação de grãos de kefir, uma associação microbiana complexa entre leveduras e bactérias. No entanto, a adaptação de grãos de kefir em diversos outros substratos nãolácteos levou à produção de diferentes bebidas com propriedades funcionais. O objetivo desta tese foi avaliar o uso de diferentes substratos funcionais (extrato de soja hidrolisado, colostro e mel) para o desenvolvimento de novas bebidas probióticas, utilizando grãos de kefir como cultura iniciadora e avaliar a sua capacidade antioxidante e composição físico-química. Além disso, explorar o processo de fermentação de mel com grãos de kefir através de um estudo abrangente de suas propriedades reológicas, cinética em condição de biorreator (fermentação e processo de armazenamento), composição microbiana, potencial antimicrobiano e probiótico, efeito de proteção em danos causados ao DNA e análise sensorial, comparando-a com a bebida tradicional de kefir. A bebida de kefir a base de mel teve maior atividade antioxidante, quando comparada com os substratos extrato de soja hidrolisada e colostro. Altos níveis de bactérias ácido lácticas e populações de levedura (acima de 106 CFU/mL) foram encontrados no produto, compostas principalmente de potenciais estirpes probióticas de Lactobacillus statsumensis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Bacillus megaterium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Lachancea fermentati. Além disso, a bebida à base mel fermentada com kefir apresentou efeito de proteção contra danos no DNA, com elevada qualidade sensorial quando comparada à bebida tradicional de kefir. Os grãos de kefir foram bem adaptados às condições do biorreator, atingindo altos níveis de viabilidade celular (acima de 106 UFC / mL para levedura e bactérias totais), tendo considerável produção de compostos fenólicos (190 GAE / 100g). Luminosidade L * e croma a * não sofreram grandes alterações e croma b * decresceu durante o tempo de fermentação. Após 35 dias de armazenamento, a bebida de mel fermentada com grãos de kefir manteve as suas características químicas e viabilidade microbiana necessária para ser classificado como um produto probiótico. Os modelos de Ostwald-De Waele (R2 ? 0,98) e de Herschel-Bulkley (R2 ? 0.99) podem ser utilizados para predizer o comportamento da bebida desenvolvida. Os isolados estudados (L. satsumensis, L. mesenteroides e S. cerevisiae) demonstraram resistência a condições ácidas (pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 e 7.0) e aos sais biliares (0.3% e 0.6%), apresentando habilidade de sobrevivência na presença de suco gastrointestinal, não demonstrando atividade hemolítica. Todos os isolados apresentaram atividade antagônica frente a E. coli e S. aureus (acima de 7.0 mm). L. satsumensis foi a cepa mais resistente. A bebida de mel fermentada com kefir teve alta atividade antimicrobiana (19.5 a 27.5 mm). L. satsumensis, L. mesenteroides e S. cerevisiae podem ser classificadas como potenciais probióticos. Bebidas à base de kefir têm se apresentado como uma forma alternativa para a produção de bebidas funcionais com atividades probióticas, especialmente para pessoas com necessidades especiais (intolerância à lactose) e para consumidores veganos. O mel pode ser um substrato alternativo ideal para a produção de bebidas de cultura funcional, especialmente para os vegetarianos e consumidores intolerantes à lactose. Os parâmetros analisados durante o processo de bebida a base de mel fermentada com grãos de kefir podem ser considerados relevantes para a produção de uma nova bebida, auxiliando na industrialização deste bioprocesso.
Abstract: Kefir is traditionally a beverage produced from milk by inoculating kefir grains, a complex microbial association between yeast and bacteria. However, adaptation of kefir grains in many other non-dairy substrates has led to production of different beverages with functional properties. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the use of different functional substrates (soybean hydrolyzed extract, colostrum and honey) to design a novel probiotic beverages using kefir grains as starter culture and evaluate its antioxidant capacity and physical-chemical composition. In addition, explore the fermentation process of honey with kefir grains through a comprehensive study of its rheological properties, kinetic in bioreactor condition (fermentation and storage process), microbial composition, antimicrobial and probiotic potential, protection effect on DNA damage and sensory analysis when compared with traditional kefir beverage. The probiotic potential and antimicrobial properties of Lactobacillus satsumensis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Sacharomyces cerevisiae, isolated from honey kefir beverage, was also investigated. Honey-based kefir beverage had higher antioxidant activity when compared with soybean hydrolyzed extract and colostrum substrates. High levels of lactic acid bacteria and yeast populations (over 106 CFU/mL) were found in the product and were mainly composed of potential probiotic strains of Lactobacillus statsumensis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Bacillus megaterium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lachancea fermentati. In addition, the honey-based kefir beverage showed protection effect on DNA damage and had a high sensory quality compared to traditional kefir beverage. Kefir grains were well adapted to bioreactor conditions, reached high levels of cell viability (over 106 CFU/mL for total yeast and bacteria), had considerable production of phenolic compounds (190 GAE/100g). Color L* and a* did not highly changed and b* decreased during fermentation time. After 35 days of storage process, honey kefir beverage (HKB) maintained its chemical characteristics and microbial viability as required to be classified as a probiotic product. The models Ostwald-de Waele (R2 ? 0.98) and Herschel-Bulkley (R2 ? 0.99) can be used to predict the behavior of HKB. The isolates showed resistance to acid conditions (pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 7.0) and bile salts (0.3% and 0.6%), showing ability to survive in the presence of simulated gastric and intestinal juice and did not show hemolytic activity. All the isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against E. coli and S. aureus (up to 7.0 mm). The isolate L. satsumensis showed resistance against the studied pathogens and was the most powerful antagonistic isolates. Honey kefir beverage had high antagonistic activity (19.5 to 27.5 mm). L. satsumensis, L. mesenteroides and S. cerevisiae isolated from honey kefir beverage could be classified as potential probiotics. Kefir-based beverages have shown an alternative way to produce functional beverages with probiotic activities, especially for people with special needs (lactose intolerance) and vegan consumers. Honey could be an ideal alternative substrate for the production of functional cultured beverage, especially for vegans and lactose intolerant consumers. The parameters analyzed during HKB process can be considered for production of a novel beverage product, assisting in the industrialization of this bioprocess. In addition, the investigation of the potential probiotic features of these kefir strains should be useful for the development of novel functional beverage.

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50

Ghaswala, Akbar Abdulaziz. "Impact of technology on economies of scale in large US commerical banks". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29221.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Technological aspects of Renaissance"

Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros