Tesis: "Test procedurer"

1

Eriksson, Anton. "Non-Linear strain paths in Sheet Metal Forming". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21906.

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Today's automotive requirements have resulted in complex Sheet Metal Forming (SMF) processes of Sheet Metal (SM) with reduced formability, and thus it is crucial to be able to predict formability accurately to prevent material failure during SMF. Formability predictions today utilize Forming Limit Curves (FLC)s in Finite Element Analysis (FEA), but FLCs are not valid for the Non-Linear Strain Paths (NLSP)s generated during SMF. One purpose of this thesis is thus to increase the knowledge on FP handling NLSP, which was obtained through providing suggestions of failure models for handling NLSP effects, based upon literature on the subject. Generating NLSP experimentally is both time and material costly with the conventional method, thus the second purpose of this thesis was to increase the knowledge on test procedures for generating NLSP in SM. Based upon the findings of Chandramohan \cite{chandramohan_study_2021} five test procedures for generating NLSP were put forward, and the Nakajima test with modified punch geometry was chosen for further study. In this thesis, the NLSP characteristics of two modified punch geometries were evaluated by FEA performed using LS-DYNA. For the FEA three specimens with blank width of 50, 100 and 200 mm was used, and the anisotropic Barlat yld2000 was used as the material model. This material model was calibrated to material data of Mild steel CR4, Aluminium alloy AA6016, and Dual-phase steel DP800. The results for all materials showcased similar reacquiring general NLSP characteristics at the corners of the punch features, which are unfavorable positions when failure by necking is evaluated, and thus it was concluded that the tested punch geometries are not favorable and more development of the punch geometry is needed.
Dagens fordonskrav, har lett till komplexa plåtformnings processer av plåtmaterial med reducerad formbarhet, och det är därför väsenligt att kunna förutsäga formbarhet noggrant för att förhindra materialbrott under plåtformning. Försträckning och brott förutses idag genom Formgränskurvor (FGK) i finita element analyser (FEA), men dessa gäller inte för icke-linjära töjningsvägar som uppkommer under plåtformning. Ett syfte av denna avhandling är därför att öka kunskapen kring modeller för att förutsäga formbarhet under icke-linjära töjningsbanors effekter, vilket uppnådes genom att presenteras förslag på brott modeller för att hantera de icke-linjära töjningsvägar baserade på literatur inom området. Att generera icke-linjära töjningsvägar experimentellt är både tids och materialkrävande med den konventionella metoden, således är det andra syftet av denna avhandling att öka kunskapen kring test metoder för att generera icke-linjär töjningsbvägar i plåt. Baserat på Chandramohans \cite{chandramohan_study_2021} resultat diskuteras fem test procedurer för att generera icke-linjära töjningsvägar, och Nakajima test med modifierad stämpelgeometri valdes för vidare studie. I denna avhandling studerades töjningsignaturen av två stämpelgeometrier med FEA i LS-DYNA. Till FEA:n användes tre ämnen med bredd av 50, 100 och 200mm, och anisotropiska Barlat yld2000 användes som materialmodell. Denna materialmodell kalibrerades mot experimentella mätvärden för mjukt stål CR4, Aluminiumlegering AA6016 och Stål DP800. Resultaten visade för alla material återkommande generella icke-linjära töjningsbanor enbart för hörnorna på stansgeometrierna, vilket är icke önskvärda positioner då brott pga. midjebildning utvärderas, och således drogs slutsatsen att nuvarande stansgeometri inte är gynnsam och ytterligare utveckling behövs.

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2

Hernandez, Tony. "Test Procedure Validation Process". Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2011. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/401.

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In System Test, there is currently no common test procedure validation process across commercial, civil and government programs. Enterprise processes simply state to perform verification and validation. The method of satisfying that requirement is left to each individual organization and/or program. The process is generic in order to support an Enterprise of products that can vary from military weapons to commercial satellites. A common test procedure validation process can be adopted which is platform and program independent to provide more guidance than the top level Enterprise process. The method of allowing each System Test program to define their own validation process results in inconsistencies between programs. Important Lessons Learned which could result in an improved validation process for a particular program are not captured. Costly rework is incurred without standardization. The root causes for Test Procedure rework fall in three common categories as shown in Table 1. Program X is an example of a program which does not follow a standard validation process. Therefore their process is incomplete and results in significant rework. This document will limit its scope to focus on standardizing Program X's process to the validation process currently used by the majority of programs in System Test. The goal is to develop a standard procedure and in tum reduce the number of validation process issues (rework) currently plaguing Program X. During this process, techniques from Lean and Quality courses will be utilized.

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3

Eccles, Lee H. "Boeing Flight Test Planning and Procedures". International Foundation for Telemetering, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611939.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California
The Boeing Commercial Airplane Group uses a highly computerized Flight Test system. Everything from test planning to equipment control is handled through a large mainframe computer. This paper is an introduction to the structures which are necessary to efficiently run tests on many different airplanes at the same time, with a wide range of test requirements. This paper discusses the data bases required, the test planning and the procedures used to run a flight test program. Some data bases are common to all test programs while others are specific to a particular test program. The test planning begins with the Instrumentation Requirements estimating process. Then comes selecting parameters from the common data bases and marking them as required for a particular test program. New parameters are added to the common data bases as required. Once the process of identifying parameters to be recorded is started, the computer automatically generates airplane specific data bases and loads the information from the common data bases into them so that the other groups can select the specific instrumentation to be used to measure each parameter. As this planning is accomplished, information is added to the data bases so that they become more complete as the actual testing approaches, When the airplane enters it's testing phase, the data from these data bases is retrieved and provided to both the on-board data monitor system and the ground station to allow data to be acquired from the data acquisition system or from tape for data processing. As the testing is accomplished the computer data is updated to indicate the progress of the testing.

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4

Palaszewski, Bo. "On multiple test procedures for finding deviating parameters /". Göteborg : Stockholm, Sweden : University of Göteborg ; Almqvist & Wiksell International [distributor], 1993. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=005857463&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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5

Ulker, Elcin. "Comparison Of Compressive Strength Test Procedures For Blended Cements". Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612506/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to twofold, in order to demonstrate the variabilities that can be faced within the compressive strength of blended cements, one blended cement namely CEM IV / B (P-V) 32.5N is selected and the 28-day compressive strength is obtained by 16 different laboratories following TS EN 196-1 standard. Later, to show the variabilities that could be faced by different standards, three different cement types were selected and their compressive strengths are determined following two procedures first with TS EN 196-1, later with similar procedure described in ASTM. The strength of cement is determined by TS EN 196-1 in Turkey that is the same for all types of cements. However, American cement producers use different standards for testing the strength of Portland cement and blended cements. The main difference is the amount of water utilized in producing the cement mortar. It was observed that for Portland and Portland composite cements
there is not any significant difference in between the compressive strength results of cement mortars prepared by both methods. However, for pozzolanic cements, there is much deviance in the compressive strength results of cement mortars prepared by TS EN 196-1.

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6

Lejukole, Henry Young. "GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF BEEF CATTLE THROUGH PERFORMANCE TEST PROCEDURE". Kyoto University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/182396.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第7472号
農博第1005号
新制||農||766(附属図書館)
学位論文||H10||N3181(農学部図書室)
UT51-98-N94
京都大学大学院農学研究科畜産学専攻
(主査)教授佐々木義之, 教授宮本元, 教授大西近江
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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7

Piesciorovsky, Emilio C. "Relay in the loop test procedures for adaptive overcurrent protection". Diss., Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20537.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Anil Pahwa
Noel N. Schulz
Microgrids with distributed generators have changed how protection and control systems are designed. Protection systems in conventional U.S. distribution systems are radial with the assumption that current flows always from the utility source to the end user. However, in a microgrid with distributed generators, currents along power lines do not always flow in one direction. Therefore, protection systems must be adapted to different circuit paths depending on distributed generator sites in the microgrid and maximum fuse ampere ratings on busses. Adaptive overcurrent protection focuses on objectives and constraints based on operation, maximum load demand, equipment, and utility service limitations. Adaptive overcurrent protection was designed to protect the power lines and bus feeders of the microgrid with distributed generators by coordinating fuses and relays in the microgrid. Adaptive overcurrent protection was based on the relay setting group and protection logic methods. Non-real-time simulator (NRTS) and real-time simulator (RTS) experiments were performed with computer-based simulators. Tests with two relays in the loop proved that primary relays tripped faster than backup relays for selectivity coordination in the adaptive overcurrent protection system. Relay test results from tripping and non-tripping tests showed that adaptive inverse time overcurrent protection achieved selectivity, speed, and reliability. The RTS and NRTS with two relays in the loop techniques were described and compared in this work. The author was the first graduate student to implement real-time simulation with two relays in the loop at the Burns & McDonnell - K-State Smart Grid Laboratory. The RTS experimental circuit and project are detailed in this work so other graduate students can apply this technique with relays in the loop in smart grid research areas such as phasor measurement units, adaptive protection, communication, and cyber security applications.

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8

Cao, Jun. "A Random-Linear-Extension Test Based on Classic Nonparametric Procedures". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/48271.

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Statistics
Ph.D.
Most distribution free nonparametric methods depend on the ranks or orderings of the individual observations. This dissertation develops methods for the situation when there is only partial information about the ranks available. A random-linear-extension exact test and an empirical version of the random-linear-extension test are proposed as a new way to compare groups of data with partial orders. The basic computation procedure is to generate all possible permutations constrained by the known partial order using a randomization method similar in nature to multiple imputation. This random-linear-extension test can be simply implemented using a Gibbs Sampler to generate a random sample of complete orderings. Given a complete ordering, standard nonparametric methods, such as the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, can be applied, and the corresponding test statistics and rejection regions can be calculated. As a direct result of our new method, a single p-value is replaced by a distribution of p-values. This is related to some recent work on Fuzzy P-values, which was introduced by Geyer and Meeden in Statistical Science in 2005. A special case is to compare two groups when only two objects can be compared at a time. Three matching schemes, random matching, ordered matching and reverse matching are introduced and compared between each other. The results described in this dissertation provide some surprising insights into the statistical information in partial orderings.
Temple University--Theses

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9

Grover, Parmeet Singh. "An accelerated test procedure for creep-fatigue crack growth testing". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20188.

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10

Muradali, Fidel. "A new procedure for weighted random built-in self-test /". Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59424.

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Experience has shown that an excessive time penalty can be incurred when testing large scan circuits with a uniform random test pattern generation approach. As a solution to this problem, this work explores the use of weighted random patterns (WRP) to reduce, by orders of magnitude, the test application time in self-testing circuits.
Much work has been done on the off-line development of compact test sets, but a problem which still remains is how to efficiently apply them on-chip. A means of transforming a given test set into a relatively short weighted sequence and pseudorandom sequence, whose cumulative fault coverages approximate that guaranteed by the original test set, is proposed.
The single weight set is formulated using a method which does not explicitly consider the circuit structure. Instead, sufficient circuit information contained in the given test set can be extracted using simulation techniques. This is done by analyzing a random pattern detection profile and isolating the vectors which cover faults difficult to detect using random patterns. After extracting the useful bits from these vectors, a weight set characteristic of the corresponding faults is estimated as the ratio of 1's to 0's at each bit (input) position.
The generation scheme is evaluated using five large scannable circuits. A local approach to on-chip pattern generation is examined.

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11

Barus, Jasa. "An analysis of aliasing in built-in self test procedure". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27945.

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12

Randall, Michael Alan. "Proof of fault coverage for a formal protocol test procedure". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/24016.

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13

Rintamaa, Rauno. "Single specimen fracture toughness determination procedure using instrumented impact test /". Espoo [Finland] : Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1993. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/30658.

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14

Loreto, Alvan Eric P. (Alvan Eric Ponce) 1979. "A standard impact test procedure for football/hockey shoulder pads". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92627.

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15

Bialoblocka, Ewa <1981&gt. "Developement of an experimental procedure to test acrylic bone cement". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1750/.

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16

Etheredge, George. "A procedure to test human behaviour under producer scrounger conditions". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11975.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
This paper examines the applicability of the ‘producer scrounger’ model, used in the biological literature to model social foraging, to human beings. It is argued that humans do find themselves in economically important situations that can be described by the producer scrounger dynamic.

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17

Ezzet, F. L. "Applied sequential methods : Robustness studies and procedures for detecting parameter changes". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353915.

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18

Gunes, E. evren. "Computerized Test Procedure For Industrial Radiographic Examination Of Metallic Welded Joints". Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12605553/index.pdf.

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Radiography is an extensively used NDT method, especially in nuclear, aerospace and automotive industries where optimal designs call for greater reliability. The rules corresponding to industrial radiography are defined in a system of radiographic standards. The standards related to the radiographic testing of metallic welded joints had been harmonised in all over the Europe and at the end in 1997, the standard "
EN 1435"
was established and published. Since then, this standard has become the most widely used standard where the radiographic applications are necessary. To eliminate the person based errors during application of the standard, moreover to save time, cost and effort in radiographic exposures, in this study it was aimed to write a computer program which is able to calculate all necessary parameters for a radiographic exposure related to this standard EN 1435. In the programming stage, Visual Basic 6.0 &
#61651
was used. The program consists of many windows, each giving and controlling separate parameters related to the exposure. Besides giving all the needed parameters, the evolved program is able to prepare a report with these parameters. So, both radiography technicians and experts can use it. It is believed that this study constructs a basis for developing other computerised test procedures for any kind of non-destructive testing methods used in industry today.

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19

Bayoumi, Ahmed M. "New laboratory test procedure for the enhanced calibration of constitutive mode". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-03292006-114517/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.
Paul Mayne, Committee Member ; James Tsai, Committee Member ; Glenn Rix, Committee Member ; David Frost, Committee Member ; Carlos Santamarina, Committee Chair.

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20

Wu, Jun. "Development of a peel test procedure for adhesive applied roof systems". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28040.

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Roofing systems are an important component of the building envelope. Though the Adhesive Applied Roof Systems (AARS) are gaining popularity in North America, systematic review of the existing national and international standards revealed that there is no proper testing procedure established to quantify the peel resistance of AARS. The objective of the present study is to develop a peel testing procedure based on systematic laboratory investigations. Specimens (6 in. x 6 in. or 152 mm x 152 mm) composed of insulation and cover board were adhered together by applying cold adhesives. To represent the realistic conditions of the field construction, specimens were prepared using components from four industrial sources. Specimens were then subjected to a peeling force at two different locations with various peel angles ranging from 7.5° to 45° to simulate the blister shape, that can occur on AARS under several wind action. Additional specimen sizes were also tested for selected combinations to evaluate the size effect. A total of 378 specimens with various physical parameters were constructed, cured for 28 days and tested using an Instron machine at a constant loading speed. For all cases, the failure load as well as the failure mode was recorded. Data analysis indicates that the failure load decreases as the peel angle increases, though it increases with the sample size. Generalized curves reflecting the peel resistance versus peel angle and the sample size are presented. Failure mode analysis identified the weakest link of the AARS samples under simulated wind induced peeling force. Based on the experimental investigation, a standard peel test method was drafted. This standard has an essential importance for the evaluation of AARS performance under wind-induced peel forces, which will be applicable to the new roofing assemblies as well as the existing roofing assembly to be replaced or recovered.

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21

Ahmed, Mohammad Minhajur. "Evaluation of the test procedure for a Rubber Balloon Soil Densitometer". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-87283.

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A Rubber Balloon Soil Densitometer is one of the essential apparatuses in Geotechnical Engineering to measure the in-place volume of compacted soil to calculate the soil density. In 2019, some renowned institutions and organizations, Vattenfall, Luleå University of Technology, Uppsala University, Lund University, and HydroResearch AB, were involved in a research project. As a part of that research project, a small earth-rockfill dam was built in Älvkarleby, Vattenfall. During the construction of the experimental dam, to test the sufficiency of the degree of compaction in the core layers, the Rubber Balloon Soil Densitometer of the German company called Headquarters of Magdeburger Prüfgerätebau GmbH, in short HMP, was used. However, it was suspected that some of the HMP densitometer test results showed measured volumes of the excavated holes lower than the expectation. Hence, it aroused the necessity to check the correctness of the balloon test apparatus and its test procedure. This thesis topic aims to fulfill that necessity. The objective of this research is to determine whether the volumetric measurements achieved by this apparatus are accurate. If the volumes measured by this apparatus are inaccurate, it is crucial to find the reasons behind the inaccuracy. It is also essential to determine the inaccuracy causes and pursue the solution to obtain precision in volumetric measurement. This thesis topic is vital for engineers and researchers of civil engineering and other departments because concluding the research would help collect better soil density data using an HMP Rubber Balloon Soil Densitometer and other similar densitometers. All the laboratory works of this thesis were conducted at the Soil Laboratory of Luleå University of Technology. At the beginning of the laboratory work, a pit was excavated in a compacted mixed fine-grained silty sand type of soil inside a bucket to conduct a densitometer test. The actual volume of this pit was determined using the water replacement method. The HMP densitometer measured a volume of this pit smaller than its actual volume. Then, the apparatus itself was tested to evaluate its function. It was found that the plexiglass cylinder has different inner circular cross-sectional areas at different heights, which do not match the inner circular cross-sectional area mentioned in the HMP sticker on the plexiglass. As time passes, slight deformation of a plexiglass cylinder is normal and can happen because of temperature, applied pressure, and repetitive usage. The precision in percentage from the actual volume of a pit indicates the stuck air between the pit surface and the rubber balloon during a densitometer test. For engineering purposes, a precision in percentage smaller than one percent can be considered reasonable. The results showed that the actual volume of a pit should be at least around one liter to achieve precision in percentage from the actual volume of the pit smaller than about one percent. Additionally, pits with larger actual volumes have smaller precision in percentages from the actual volumes of the pits. The imperfection of the plexiglass cylinder has a lesser influence on larger pits during a densitometer test. Compacted coarse-grained soil can absorb the stuck air during a densitometer test because of having a sufficient quantity of pores. However, compacted fine-grained soil is so airtight that the soil can not absorb the stuck air. Transparent bowls and non-transparent bowls and a bucket were considered artificial pits of different sizes and shapes in compacted fine-grained soil, and densitometer tests were conducted with them. The results showed that the extended Ucsan bowl had the appropriate shape and size among these artificial pits. Because the average percentage of stuck air inside it was the smallest. However, the topmost diameter of an artificial pit or a real pit should be the same as the inner diameter of the metal ring of the HMP apparatus. Putting two stripes of industrial cleaning cloth perpendicularly inside an artificial or a real pit during a densitometer test was considered a solution to the stuck air problem. After applying this solution for the densitometer tests with all the artificial pits, the results showed that a real pit's appropriate shape and size with this solution should be similar to the extended Ucsan bowl. This was proved at the end of the laboratory work when a pit was excavated through the metal ring of the apparatus in a compacted mixed fine-grained silty sand type of soil inside a bucket to conduct densitometer tests. This pit was given a shape and size similar to the extended Ucsan bowl during excavation. This time, two industrial cleaning cloth stripes were placed perpendicularly inside the pit before the tests. The results showed that almost all the stuck air could be dissipated during a densitometer test by placing two stripes of industrial cleaning cloth perpendicularly inside a pit with a shape and size similar to the Ucsan bowl. During laboratory work, the HMP apparatus continuously measured volumes smaller than the actual volumes in all the densitometer tests.

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22

Senteney, Michael H. "A Monte Carlo Study to Determine Sample Size for Multiple Comparison Procedures in ANOVA". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou160433478343909.

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23

Russell, Amy L. "Procedural justice and performance appraisal : a test of Greenberg's model /". Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022010-020239/.

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24

Leite, Nelson Paiva Oliveira y Lucas Benedito dos Reis Sousa. "The Design of Dynamic Calibration Procedure". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581678.

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ITC/USA 2012 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Eighth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2012 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
The execution of experimental Flight Test Campaign (FTC) provides all information required for the aircraft operation and certification. Nowadays all information gathered during a FTC is provided by the Flight Test Instrumentation System (FTI) that is basically a measurement system. Typically for all FTI parameters, the estimation of the calibration coefficients that minimizes most of systematic errors and its associated uncertainty is carried out by a Static Calibration Process. To execute this task the Brazilian Institute of Research and Flight Test (Instituto de Pesquisa e Ensaios em Voo - IPEV) developed the Sistema de Automação do Laboratório de Ensaios em Voo (SALEV©) which is fully compliant with the calibration and uncertainty expression standards. For some parameters (i.e. Static Pressure) the sensor installation particularities (i.e. Pressure tapping) introduces low pass filtering characteristics into the measurement chain. In this case the measurement accuracy will be jeopardized when executing high-dynamic test points (i.e. Spin Tests). To overcome this issue the IPEV research and development group introduced a dynamic calibration process for flight test parameters that requires the knowledge of the actual Transfer Function (TF). The problem now is to simulate an impulsive input for the TF characterization which is too complex. To solve this issue a new calibration procedure was developed and evaluated for the determination of the FTI dynamic response. SALEV© was used to simulate a step input instead of an impulse. Then filtered and unfiltered data was properly compared for the determination of the TF. Preliminary test results show satisfactory performance.

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25

Wasano, Lauren C. "A comparison of assessment procedures for pica". Scholarly Commons, 2006. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2721.

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Pica is a potentially life-threatening behavior problem displayed by many individuals with developmental disabilities that can result in serious medical complications. The purpose of this study was to compare findings from a functional analysis (FA), which is the state of the art method of behavioral assessment, with two indirect assessment measures: the Motivational Assessment Scale (MAS) and the Questions About Behavioral Function (QABF). For three participants, results from the indirect measures paralleled those of the FA in identifying the function of pica. The indirect measures were more cost and time efficient. Use of these indirect methods of assessment not only identified the functional relations that served to maintain pica, but also served as a simpler, less time consuming and accurate alternative to an FA. When an FA is time or cost prohibitive, use of the MAS and QABF may be helpful in suggesting the function of pica.

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26

Kinard, Mary E. "The Generalization of the Logistic Discriminant Function Analysis and Mantel Score Test Procedures to Detection of Differential Testlet Functioning". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279043/.

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Two procedures for detection of differential item functioning (DIF) for polytomous items were generalized to detection of differential testlet functioning (DTLF). The methods compared were the logistic discriminant function analysis procedure for uniform and non-uniform DTLF (LDFA-U and LDFA-N), and the Mantel score test procedure. Further analysis included comparison of results of DTLF analysis using the Mantel procedure with DIF analysis of individual testlet items using the Mantel-Haenszel (MH) procedure. Over 600 chi-squares were analyzed and compared for rejection of null hypotheses. Samples of 500, 1,000, and 2,000 were drawn by gender subgroups from the NELS:88 data set, which contains demographic and test data from over 25,000 eighth graders. Three types of testlets (totalling 29) from the NELS:88 test were analyzed for DTLF. The first type, the common passage testlet, followed the conventional testlet definition: items grouped together by a common reading passage, figure, or graph. The other two types were based upon common content and common process. as outlined in the NELS test specification.

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27

Carr, Patricia I. "Development of an Audiological Test Procedure Manual for First Year Au.D. Students". Scholar Commons, 2001. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1535.

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A student manual of audiological procedures with accompanying laboratory assignments does not presently exist at the University of South Florida (USF). In the first year of the four year Au.D. program at USF, students are enrolled in Audiology Laboratory Clinic I, II, and III, in consecutive semesters. Groups of four to six students meet weekly for a 3-1/2 hour clinical laboratory session to receive training in test instruction, test procedures, test application, and test interpretation. The purpose of the first year Audiology laboratory clinic sessions is to prepare the student for clinical experience in year two of the Au.D program at USF. In preparation for these laboratory sessions, it was discovered that materials related to test procedures are currently scattered throughout a variety of texts, journals, manuals, educational software, videos, and web sites. No one source contains all the needed information on any given test procedure. In addition, specific procedures outlined in documents [American Standards Institute (ANSI) and the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)] are not consistently used by the different sources. Thus, there is no standard procedural manual containing laboratory assignments that lead to the development of appropriate clinical testing skills by a first year Au.D student. A standard test procedural manual for pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and immittance testing, with assignments, was developed to assist in the cultivation of the students testing skills. The manual contains test history, purposes, procedures, scoring guidelines, interpretations, and limitations for each test. Laboratory assignments include practice exercises using a computer simulator, classmates, and volunteers. Each assignment is accompanied by discussion questions to enhance and augment student understanding. A reference list is available to obtain further information on each topic area. This manual will be made available to the first year Au.D student as well as to the advanced Au.D student who would benefit from an all-inclusive, updateable source providing the best possible clinical procedures. The final product will be available for a fee in a notebook type format to allow for the inclusion of additional topics and updates as the standards of practice in Audiology change.

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28

Hort, Molly. "A comparison of hypothesis testing procedures for two population proportions". Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/725.

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29

Du, Guangli. "Implementation of the SuperPave IDT analysis procedure". Thesis, KTH, Väg- och banteknik (stängd 20110301), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-52983.

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Cracking is one of the most severe distress modes of asphaltpavements. Thus characterising the fracture resistance properties of asphaltmixtures is the key issue for improving the performance relatedmixture design. The present master thesis project addresses the implementationof the theoretical framework, which is used to characterise thefracture resistance of mixtures based on the SuperPave indirect tensiletest (IDT). An open source Matlab-based software for analysing resilientmodulus, Poisson’s ratio, creep parameters and fracture resistance parametershas been developed. The software analyses the the IDT results, toestimate mixture’s fracture resistance based on hot mix asphalt FractureMechanics. Predictions form the field specimens concerning the fractureresistance obtained from IDT are compared with observed field performance.

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30

Kinsey, Tari L. "A Comparison of IRT and Rasch Procedures in a Mixed-Item Format Test". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4316/.

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This study investigated the effects of test length (10, 20 and 30 items), scoring schema (proportion of dichotomous ad polytomous scoring) and item analysis model (IRT and Rasch) on the ability estimates, test information levels and optimization criteria of mixed item format tests. Polytomous item responses to 30 items for 1000 examinees were simulated using the generalized partial-credit model and SAS software. Portions of the data were re-coded dichotomously over 11 structured proportions to create 33 sets of test responses including mixed item format tests. MULTILOG software was used to calculate the examinee ability estimates, standard errors, item and test information, reliability and fit indices. A comparison of IRT and Rasch item analysis procedures was made using SPSS software across ability estimates and standard errors of ability estimates using a 3 x 11 x 2 fixed factorial ANOVA. Effect sizes and power were reported for each procedure. Scheffe post hoc procedures were conducted on significant factos. Test information was analyzed and compared across the range of ability levels for all 66-design combinations. The results indicated that both test length and the proportion of items scored polytomously had a significant impact on the amount of test information produced by mixed item format tests. Generally, tests with 100% of the items scored polytomously produced the highest overall information. This seemed to be especially true for examinees with lower ability estimates. Optimality comparisons were made between IRT and Rasch procedures based on standard error rates for the ability estimates, marginal reliabilities and fit indices (-2LL). The only significant differences reported involved the standard error rates for both the IRT and Rasch procedures. This result must be viewed in light of the fact that the effect size reported was negligible. Optimality was found to be highest when longer tests and higher proportions of polytomous scoring were applied. Some indications were given that IRT procedures may produce slightly improved results in gathering available test information. Overall, significant differences were not found between the IRT and Rasch procedures when analyzing the mixed item format tests. Further research should be conducted in the areas of test difficulty, examinee test scores, and automated partial-credit scoring along with a comparison to other traditional psychometric measures and how they address challenges related to the mixed item format tests.

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31

Hill, Terry. "Metrics and Test Procedures for Data Quality Estimation in the Aeronautical Telemetry Channel". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596445.

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ITC/USA 2015 Conference Proceedings / The Fifty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2015 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV
There is great potential in using Best Source Selectors (BSS) to improve link availability in aeronautical telemetry applications. While the general notion that diverse data sources can be used to construct a consolidated stream of "better" data is well founded, there is no standardized means of determining the quality of the data streams being merged together. Absent this uniform quality data, the BSS has no analytically sound way of knowing which streams are better, or best. This problem is further exacerbated when one imagines that multiple vendors are developing data quality estimation schemes, with no standard definition of how to measure data quality. In this paper, we present measured performance for a specific Data Quality Metric (DQM) implementation, demonstrating that the signals present in the demodulator can be used to quickly and accurately measure the data quality, and we propose test methods for calibrating DQM over a wide variety of channel impairments. We also propose an efficient means of encapsulating this DQM information with the data, to simplify processing by the BSS. This work leads toward a potential standardization that would allow data quality estimators and best source selectors from multiple vendors to interoperate.

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32

Lee, Eunjung. "Equating multidimensional tests under a random groups design: a comparison of various equating procedures". Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5011.

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The purpose of this research was to compare the equating performance of various equating procedures for the multidimensional tests. To examine the various equating procedures, simulated data sets were used that were generated based on a multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) framework. Various equating procedures were examined, including both unidimensional and the multidimensional equating procedures based on an IRT framework in addition to traditional equating procedures. Specifically, the performance of the following six equating procedures under the random groups design was compared: (1) unidimensional IRT observed score equating, (2) unidimensional IRT true score equating, (3) full MIRT observed score equating, (4) unidimensionalized MIRT observed score equating, (5) unidimensionalized MIRT true score equating, and (6) equipercentile equating. A total of four factors (test length, sample size, form difficulty differences, and correlations between dimensions) were expected to impact equating performance, and their impacts were investigated by creating two conditions per each factor: long vs. short test, large vs. small sample size, some vs. no form differences, and high vs. low correlation between dimensions. This simulation study over 50 replications yielded several patterns of equating performance of the six procedures across the simulation conditions. The following six findings are notable: (1) the full MIRT procedure provided more accurate equating results (i.e., less degree of error) than other equating procedures especially when the correlation between dimensions was low; (2) the equipercentile procedure was more likely than the IRT methods to yield a larger amount of random error and overall error across all the conditions; (3) equating for multidimensional tests was more accurate when form differences were small, sample size was large, and test length was long; (4) even when multidimensional tests were used (i.e., the unidimensionality assumptions were violated), still the unidimensional IRT procedures were found to yield quite accurate equating results; and (5) whether an equating procedure is an observed or a true score procedure did not seem to yield any differences in equating results. Building upon these findings, some theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and future research directions are suggested to strengthen the generalizability of the current findings. Given that only a handful of studies have been conducted in the MIRT literature, such research is expected to examine the various specific conditions where these findings are likely to be hold, thereby leading to practical guidelines that can be used in various operational testing situations.

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33

Adham, Tarek Abbas. "The development of test procedure to determine the potential durability of concrete structures". Thesis, Coventry University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342255.

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ROSA, FELIPE ALVES. "A NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE STUDY FOR USE IN THE MONITORED INFILTRATION TEST". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=33363@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
A determinação dos parâmetros hidráulicos não saturados em laboratório nem sempre representa efetivamente as situações observadas em campo, principalmente devido ao erro causado pelo efeito de escala. Nesse sentido, inúmeros ensaios de campo vêm sendo desenvolvidos, fazendo o uso de medidas de carga de pressão no tempo, para a determinação das propriedades hidráulicas não saturadas. No presente estudo, foi utilizado o ensaio de campo proposto por Velloso (2000), denominado Ensaio de Infiltração Monitorada (EIM). Neste ensaio é mantida uma carga constante, utilizando um permeâmetro tipo Gueplh, sendo monitorada, com o auxílio de um tensiômetro, a variação da sucção ocasionada pela frente de infiltração. Quando a variação da sucção no solo torna-se constante e próxima a zero, o ensaio atingiu, portanto, a condição de fluxo permanente, podendo-se assim finalizar o teste. Os parâmetros do solo e os respectivos parâmetros do modelo de Van Genuchten (1980), os quais descrevem a curva de saturação versus o potencial mátrico, são obtidos matematicamente, através da resolução do problema inverso. Nesse sentido, o objetivo principal do presente trabalho é realizar uma avaliação detalhada dos procedimentos numéricos e experimentais para uso no Ensaio de Infiltração Monitorada (EIM), seguindo as diretrizes e recomendações apontadas nos estudos anteriormente realizados. Desta forma, buscou-se um melhor entendimento do EIM, e para isto, foram realizadas: análises comparativas com resultados de ensaio de laboratório do tipo papel filtro; foi adicionado o monitoramento de umidade de solo durante o EIM; e foram utilizados diferentes métodos de estimativa de parâmetros. Os ensaios apresentados no presente estudo foram realizados em cinco áreas do Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
The determination of unsaturated hydraulic parameters in laboratory tests is not always represents as observed on the field, especially because of the presence of errors caused by the scale factor. So, several field tests have been developed using suction measures with time for a determination of the unsaturated hydraulic properties. This research aims to use the field test proposed by Velloso (2000), called Monitored Infiltration Test (EIM) to determine the Soil Water Characteristic Curve. In this test the constant head is maintained, using a constant head permeameter and, at the same time, monitoring a variation of the suction caused by the infiltration front with a tensiometer. When a variation of the suction in the soil becomes constant and close to zero, then, the test reached a condition of permanent flow, being possible to finalize the procedure. In addition, the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) and the respective Van Genuchten parameters, that describes a saturation curve versus the matric potential, are obtained mathematically by solving the inverse problem. In this context, the main objective of this research is to develop a detailed evaluation of the numerical and experimental procedures to use it in the Monitored Infiltration Test (EIM), following the guidelines and recommendations pointed out in previous studies in the area. Moreover, was sought a better understanding of EIM, and for this, comparative analyzes were performed with laboratory test results of the filter paper type. In addition, it was added the soil moisture monitoring during the EIM. Finally, was used many optimization methods for parameter estimation. The tests developed and presented in this research, were performed in five areas around the State of Rio de Janeiro.

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35

Morse, Brendan J. "A COMPARATIVE TEST OF THE REALISTIC JOB PREVIEW AND THE EXPECTANCY LOWERING PROCEDURE". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1179854147.

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36

Wei, Miaochun. "Chinese Placement Procedures at U.S. Postsecondary Institutions". Thesis, The George Washington University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10262098.

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This quant-QUAL sequential explanatory mixed methods study describes a framework for evaluating the communicative competence (Canale & Swain, 1980; Canale, 1983) of non-beginner students of Chinese for placement purposes at U.S. four-year postsecondary institutions. A pragmatic lens was used to collect and analyze data that generated a descriptive portrait of current Chinese placement procedures. Three data sources informed this study: (1) a sample of randomly-selected institutional websites on Chinese placement procedures (n1 = 226), (2) an online survey of program coordinators’ perceptions (n2 = 27), and (3) a follow-up semi-structured individual interview with Chinese program coordinators (n3 = 20). Findings revealed that five procedures are commonly used: (a) written test, (b) oral interview, (c) background questionnaire, (d) standardized tests (Advanced Placement, and International Baccalaureate), and (e) seat-time equivalency. An individual oral interview is the most appropriate procedure that fits many characteristics as the literature suggested (Bloom and Allison, 1949; Heilenman, 1983; Shohamy, 1998; Bernhardt, Rivera, and Kamil, 2004; O’Sullivan, 2011; Kane, 2012). These procedures encompassed all the four phases in the history of foreign or world language placement procedures at U.S. postsecondary institutions (Latoja, 2001; Spolsky, 2000). A fifth phase using individual interviews and background questionnaires is proposed in the present study. In addition, three types of accommodation strategies for placing students are identified: (a) student-oriented, (b) class-oriented, and (c) other resources. Student heterogeneity and placement policies are also identified to affect the Chinese placement procedures.

It appears that only those well-developed programs with seasoned coordinators have placement procedures mapped to the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) Proficiency Guidelines, but not to the other ACTFL standards. Accordingly, six models are recommended for Chinese programs with different characteristics. These programs should: (a) adapt placement models to meet demands and leverage resources of institutions and student population, (b) apply localized accommodation strategies and relevant placement policies to facilitate individual student articulation from one program to another, and (c) diversify curriculum and engage faculty in professional development related to the ACTFL standards and professional learning communities. This study concludes with implications for researchers, practitioners, and students.

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37

Faggi, Elia. "Procedura di verifica in volo per sistemi spaziali". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4731/.

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L'elaborato si propone di costituire una guida per la verifica e i test di volo su satelliti o lanciatori, prendendo come riferimento la normativa europea ECSS (European Cooperation for Space Standardization). È riportata la procedura di test, in particolare la fase di test in volo, con particolare attenzione alla pianificazione e allo svolgimento, fino a giungere alla fase di verifica dei risultati. I principali sensori utilizzati per effettuare le misurazioni sono descritti soffermandosi anche sulla telemetria, attraverso la quale è possibile ottenere informazioni dettagliate a terra sullo stato del satellite ed inviare comandi attraverso un telecomando. Al termine informazioni sulla modalità di redazione di un test report.

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38

Luttrell, Samuel Ross. "Bias challenges in international arbitration: the need for a 'real danger' test". Luttrell, Samuel Ross (2008) Bias challenges in international arbitration: the need for a 'real danger' test. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/698/.

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39

Davaanyam, Zorigtkhuu. "Piston press test procedures for predicting energy-size reduction of high pressure grinding rolls". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54154.

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High Pressure Grinding Rolls (HPGR) have been used for over 20 years, however the technology has not received wide industry acceptance despite reports of substantial energy advantages. One barrier is that full and fair consideration cannot be given to HPGR-based comminution circuits for early-stage mining projects, because industry standard tests require large sample sizes for evaluation of the technology. The main objective of the research was to develop methodologies, requiring small sample quantities, to predict the energy–size reduction performance of HPGRs. A key outcome is the development of three piston press testing procedures that require significantly less sample than standard HPGR evaluation methods. One method, referred to as the direct calibration methodology, involves calibrating results of piston press tests against pilot-scale HPGR tests. This methodology was developed primarily for situations where HPGR test data is only available for a composite sample and the energy requirements of individual geometallurgical units within a deposit are to be determined. To address the case where HPGR test results are not available, a second method was developed which relies only on piston press testing and empirical equations that were determined from a database of pilot-scale HPGR results. The simulation-based methodology was also developed to be able to assess the impact of changes in HPGR operation or circuit configuration on comminution performance. An existing energy–breakage model was adopted and modified for application to particle-bed comminution. The three methodologies were compared by applying them to samples from a copper-gold deposit in central British Columbia. Through utilization of these methodologies, the energy–size reduction performance of the HPGR technology can be predicted with small sample requirements which can be applied to a broad range of ore types and provide a stronger statistical basis for the process design. During development of the methodologies, significant research outcomes resulted. Controlled piston press and HPGR pilot tests on the same samples confirmed that normalized product PSDs of the respective equipment can be regarded as equivalent. Furthermore, data from particle-bed comminution tests was used to determine master curves describing breakage appearance functions for the compression mode of breakage.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Mining Engineering, Keevil Institute of
Graduate

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40

Alleyne, Ronald. "Clustering of test cubes : a procedure for the efficient encoding of complete test sets based on the intelligent reseeding of LFSRs". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69784.

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An approach for input data compaction in the testing of circuits using scan and partial scan has recently been developed based on the reseeding of multi-polynomial Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs). This thesis explores further compression of test data through the grouping of closely related vectors into clusters and extracting both common information, in a form compatible with the reseeding method, and individual information for the component vectors.
Two greedy algorithms for finding these clusters are described, the first trying to form the largest groupings while the second trying to make the most advantageous mergers at each step. In addition, several schemes of storing and decoding the information needed for individual vectors are presented, some of which use memories in the form of stacks or caches to take advantage of the distribution of this data. Aside from the LFSR, some counters and the memory, little additional hardware is required. The solutions offer a range of trade-offs between test length, hardware complexity and test data storage.
Results are given for experiments carried out on ISCAS-89 benchmark circuits and on a set of industrial circuits contrasting the performances of the algorithms and the requirements of the different methods of storage. Considerable improvements over reseeding are demonstrated, more so for the industrial circuits which are inherently hard to test.

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41

Tang, Kim-chow Catherine. "Effects of different assessment procedures on tertiary students' approaches to studying /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1300945X.

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42

High, Wayne. "A formal protocol test procedure for the Survivable Adaptable Fiber Optic Embedded Network (SAFENET)". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from the National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA267410.

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43

Ahadi, Mohammad Reza. "Development of an alternative test procedure to 'BS 812' for accelerated polishing of roadstones". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324632.

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44

Naujoks, Frederik, Sebastian Hergeth, Katharina Wiedemann, Nadja Schömig, Yannick Forster y Andreas Keinath. "Test procedure for evaluating the human-machine interface of vehicles with automated driving systems". Taylor & Francis, 2019. https://publish.fid-move.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A72242.

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Objective: The human–machine interface (HMI) is a crucial part of every automated driving system (ADS). In the near future, it is likely that—depending on the operational design domain (ODD)—different levels of automation will be available within the same vehicle. The capabilities of a given automation level as well as the operator’s responsibilities must be communicated in an appropriate way. To date, however, there are no agreed-upon evaluation methods that can be used by human factors practitioners as well as researchers to test this. Methods: We developed an iterative test procedure that can be applied during the product development cycle of ADS. The test procedure is specifically designed to evaluate whether minimum requirements as proposed in NHTSA’s automated vehicle policy are met. Results: The proposed evaluation protocol includes (a) a method to identify relevant use cases for testing on the basis of all theoretically possible steady states and mode transitions of a given ADS; (b) an expert-based heuristic assessment to evaluate whether the HMI complies with applicable norms, standards, and best practices; and (c) an empirical evaluation of ADS HMIs using a standardized design for user studies and performance metrics. Conclusions: Each can be used as a stand-alone method or in combination to generate objective, reliable, and valid evaluations of HMIs, focusing on whether they meet minimum requirements. However, we also emphasize that other evaluation aspects such as controllability, misuse, and acceptance are not within the scope of the evaluation protocol.

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45

Bekele, Abiy. "Implementation of the AASHTO pavement design procedures into MULTI-PAVE". Thesis, KTH, Transportvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-44064.

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This thesis implements the empirical pavement design procedures for flexible as well as rigid pavement by American Association of State Highways and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) into two MATLAB modules of MULTI-PAVE. MULTI-PAVE was developed as a teaching tool that performs pavement thickness design for multiple design procedures using a common input file and a common output format. The AASHTO components were developed in accordance with the 1993 AASHTO Pavement Design Guide, and verified against the original design method. The thicknesses of the Asphalt Concrete, Base Course and Sub-base Course are the design outputs for flexible pavement. For rigid pavement, the thickness of slab is determined for various types of concrete pavements. The modules will be included in a MULTI-PAVE framework to compare the design outputs with other design methods.

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46

Taylor, Joshua. "The Procedural Generation of Interesting Sokoban Levels". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801887/.

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As video games continue to become larger, more complex, and more costly to produce, research into methods to make game creation easier and faster becomes more valuable. One such research topic is procedural generation, which allows the computer to assist in the creation of content. This dissertation presents a new algorithm for the generation of Sokoban levels. Sokoban is a grid-based transport puzzle which is computational interesting due to being PSPACE-complete. Beyond just generating levels, the question of whether or not the levels created by this algorithm are interesting to human players is explored. A study was carried out comparing player attention while playing hand made levels versus their attention during procedurally generated levels. An auditory Stroop test was used to measure attention without disrupting play.

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47

Alderman, Lori A. "The evaluation and comparison of the extraction procedure toxicity test and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure for the analysis of municipal wastewater sludges". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44103.

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A viable sludge management alternative is land application of waste sludge. However, it is necessary to implement efficient monitoring and analysis of land applied sludges in order to assess potential health risks associated with this means of disposal.

The State of Virginia is considering a proposal that requires land-applied wastewater sludges to undergo analysis by EPAâ s Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) (EPA, 1986b) to determine if the sludge exhibits hazardous characteristics, which preclude land application as a management alternative. The method currently used for the analysis of hazardous wastes is the Extraction Procedure (EP) Toxicity Test. Both of these test methods analyze for trace organic chemicals and heavy metals. However, the TCLP is designed to analyze for volatile organic chemicals to a greater extent than the EP. Because of the added complexity and the current expense of the TCLP, the State is concerned that the TCLP may not be warranted for the analysis of trace organic chemicals in land-applied sludges.

This research was designed to compare the abilities of the EP and TCLP for the analysis of trace organic chemicals in wastewater sludges. Samples from three municipal wastewater treatment plants that utilize secondary biological treatment, aerobic digestion and land-apply waste sludge were evaluated by both EP and TCLP methods. Both tests utilize a weak acid extraction to remove organic chemicals from the wastewater sample. The weak acid extract was subjected to liquid-liquid extraction (EPA Method 625) to partition and concentrate the organic chemicals into methylene chloride; this methylene chloride extract was then subjected to GC and GC/MS for quantitative analysis and qualitative identification of targeted and nontargeted organic chemicals.

In order to assess recovery and extractability efficiencies of each test, surrogate standards were added prior to the test procedure. These standards were bromoform, 1-chlorooctane, DDT, ethylene dibromide (EDB, a volatile fungicide), fusarex (tetrachloronitrobenzene), and heptachlor. Control samples were run for both EP and TCLP, in addition to a sludge samples with no surrogates added.

Analysis indicated that both the TCLP and EP tests showed high variability for the recovery of the sludge surrogates. The recoveries of the surrogate standards were low and varied between zero and 30 percent depending on the standard and the matrix. Surrogate recoveries were evaluated with respect to various physical/ chemical properties of the individual standard, the sample site, and the test method utilized. Although the TCLP recovered the volatile surrogate standards only slightly better than the EP, there was no statistically significant difference between the TCLP and EP for the recovery of the non- and semi-volatile surrogate standards.

Specific trace organic chemicals identified in the sludges included dimethylpentanol, dichlorodimethoxybenzene, 4-methylphenol, and tetrabutylphenol. Other chemicals, such as contaminants and artifacts resulting from laboratory processing and background contamination in the reagents, were also identified in the blank control samples as well as the sludge samples.

Master of Science

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48

Conti, Fabio Donini. "Um estudo de validade e precisão com o procedimento de desenhos-estórias no diagnóstico de transtorno depressivo maior". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-11032010-155100/.

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A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar se o Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias se constitui como instrumento válido e preciso para diagnosticar Transtorno Depressivo Maior. A amostra foi composta por 60 sujeitos adultos, divididos igualmente em dois subgrupos, ou seja, 30 pacientes com diagnóstico de Transtorno Depressivo Maior Moderado e 30 sujeitos sem a patologia e com ausência de histórico de Depressão. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias, o Inventário de Depressão Beck (BDI) e a entrevista clínica estruturada para o DSM-IV-TR, também conhecida como SCID-NP, com a finalidade de evitar diagnósticos de falsos negativos e falsos positivos nos resultados do Inventário (BDI), facilitando o diagnóstico diferencial de Transtorno Depressivo Maior sem comorbidades. Depois de definidos os participantes da amostra e aplicados os três instrumentos nos mesmos, convidaram dois juízes, para avaliar os dados dos Desenhos- Estórias. As análises foram feitas em três etapas: na primeira, os avaliadores deveriam separar os protocolos às cegas pautando-se somente nos desenhos do procedimento. Na segunda, deveriam separar os protocolos, pautando-se somente nas histórias e, na terceira, deveriam, utilizando pautas de análise, separar os 60 protocolos, levando-se em conta tanto os desenhos quanto as histórias. Para tanto, utilizou-se um total de 94 itens extraídos da literatura que possibilitam observar a patologia em técnicas projetivas. Posteriormente a essa análise, procedeu-se ao estudo de precisão, e um terceiro juiz também foi convidado para avaliar os protocolos. Nessas análises, os juízes deveriam avaliar os protocolos, atribuindo zero, se os 94 itens estivessem ausentes e um, se estivessem presentes. A partir disso, foram comparadas as análises dos mesmos da seguinte maneira: no estudo de validade, foram correlacionadas, por meio do Coeficiente Produto-Momento de Pearson, as avaliações dos juízes entre si e dos juízes com o critério externo. Também foram utilizados o Qui-Quadrado, o Teste Exato de Fischer e o Teste t para verificar se os itens utilizados na pesquisa permitiam discriminar os sujeitos dos dois subgrupos. No estudo de precisão, foram comparadas as avaliações dos juízes entre si por meio do Coeficiente Produto-Momento de Pearson, e levantou-se, em alguns casos, a Porcentagem de Acordo entre as avaliações. Os resultados indicaram que os juízes conseguiram separar os protocolos, quando se basearam nas histórias e utilizaram os critérios definidos pela literatura. Além disso, foi possível observar que os itens, em sua maioria, são claros o suficiente para permitir realizar avaliações precisas. Por outro lado, os itens que permitem discriminar as populações não são muitos, o que indica ser necessária a realização de outros estudos com o instrumento, para ser possível caracterizar melhor quais são os critérios que permitem evidenciar a amostra depressiva. Contudo, considerou-se o Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias um instrumento capaz de ser utilizado em casos em que a hipótese de Transtorno Depressivo esteja presente.
The present research have for objective to verify whether the procedure Story-Drawing is as valid and reliable to diagnose Major Depressive Disorder. The sample consisted of 60 adults, equally divided into two subgroups, this is, 30 patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder Moderate and 30 subjects without pathology and with no history of depression. The instruments used were the Procedure of Drawing-Stories, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR, also known as SCID-NP, in order to avoid false-negative diagnoses and false positives the results of the Inventory (BDI) and to facilitate the differential diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder without co-morbidities. After drafting the participants in the sample and applied the three instruments in them, asked two judges to evaluate the data of Story-Drawing. The tests were done in three stages: first the evaluators should separate protocols blindly while observing only the drawings of the procedure. The second would separate protocols while observing only the stories and the third should now using patterns of analysis, 60 separate protocols taking into account both the drawings and stories. To this end, we used a total of 94 items taken from the literature that allow you to observe the condition in projective techniques. Following this analysis, it proceeded to the study of accuracy and a third judge was also asked to evaluate the protocols. These analyzes judges should evaluate the protocols by assigning zero if the 94 items were missing and one if they were present. From this we compared the analysis of the same as follows: the validity study were correlated by the coefficient product-moment Pearson evaluations of judges between themselves and the judges with the external criterion. We also used the Chi-square, Fischer exact test and T test to verify that the items used in the study allowed the subjects to discriminate the two subgroups. In the accuracy study, were compared the ratings of judges among themselves through the Product-Moment Coefficient of Pearson and rose in some cases the percentage of agreement between evaluations. The results indicated that judges were able to separate when the protocols were based on the stories and used the criteria defined by the literature. Furthermore, it observed that the items are mostly clear enough to allow accurate assessments. On the other hand, items that allows to determine the populations are not many, which indicates the need for further studies with the instrument to be able to better characterize what are the criteria for demonstrating the depressed sample. However, it was considered the Procedure of Story-Drawing an instrument able to be used in cases where the hypothesis of Depressive Disorder is present.

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Giacalone, Marco. "Development of qualification procedures for DRM2 acquisition boards of the ALICE-TOF detector". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17075/.

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Il lavoro di questa tesi è inserito nel contesto del programma di upgrade previsto per l'esperimento ALICE durante lo spegnimento della macchina acceleratrice nel biennio 2019-2020 (Long Shutdown 2). A partire dal 2021 è prevista in ALICE la registrazione di dati a un rate di interazione maggiore rispetto al passato sia in collisioni pp (fino a 200 kHz) che in eventi Pb-Pb (fino a 50 kHz). Oltre al rinnovo di alcuni detector (tracciatore al silicio e TPC), andranno potenziati gli attuali sistemi di readout per permettere un readout continuo senza preselezione di eventi. Nello specifico l'attività svolta per questa tesi è legata al collaudo e allo sviluppo dei nuovi Data Readout Module (DRM2) che andranno a sostituire i precedenti componenti nel rivelatore a tempo di volo (TOF) dell'esperimento. Per monitorare le funzionalità della scheda è stata sviluppata una GUI (Graphical user interface) che permette la lettura e scrittura di tutti i registri interni della scheda e anche la programmazione del principale ASIC in uso da essa (il chip GBTx che implementa un ricevitore/trasmettitore a 4.8 Gbit/s). Tale procedura è importante perchè permette al GBTx di programmarsi all'accensione della scheda nella configurazione richiesta. Poiché la scheda sarà esposta in ambiente radiativo moderatamente ostile (TID = 0.13 krad in 10 anni), sono stati effettuati dei test presso il Centro di Prototerapia di Trento con un fascio di protoni di 100 MeV di energia ad alta intensità su alcuni componenti chiave (FPGA Microsemi Igloo2 e transceiver ottici della AVAGO). Vengono discussi i risultati in termini di resistenza alla dose totale assorbita, di sezione d'urto per Single Event Upset (SEU) e Latchup (SEL). Al fine di sviluppare un sistema di test-bench compatto della scheda è stata infine sviluppata un'applicazione per consentire il collegamento via LAN attraverso protocollo UDP per monitorare i dati ricevuti attraverso il link GBTx dalla DRM2 con una scheda di sviluppo della Xilinx.

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Pepe, Valentina. "Development of procedures to perform nanoindentation tests on different bone structures". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17571/.

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Negli ultimi anni, la nanoindentazione è emersa come potente tecnica per indagare le proprietà micromeccaniche dell'osso. L'indentazione consiste nel premere una punta rigida con una forza nota in un semispazio semi-infinito e nel misurare direttamente o indirettamente l'area di contatto. L'obiettivo principale di questo lavoro è stato quello di sviluppare una procedura per eseguire test di nanoindentazione al fine di studiare le proprietà elastiche e inelastiche di diverse strutture ossee. Dalle misure di nanoindentazione sono stati ricavati i valori di reduced modulus, hardness, indentation modulus ed elastic modulus. L'idea era di eseguire test di nanoindentazione sia per applicazioni precliniche che cliniche e per questo motivo, i tests sono stati effettuati sia su ossa di topo che su ossa umane affette da una particolare condizione patologica, chiamata Osteogenesi Imperfetta. È la prima volta che questi tests vengono eseguiti su tibie di topo, nello specifico su fette di quattro tibie di due ceppi (C57B1/6 e Balb/C), sia su osso corticale che trabecolare. Abbiamo trovato che il modulo elastico varia tra 16.50 ± 7.10 GPa (C57B1/6, osso trabecolare) e 25.08 ± 5.21 GPa (Balb/C, osso corticale). L’hardness varia tra 0.62 ± 0.27 GPa (C57B1/6, osso trabecolare) e 0.96 ± 0.20 GPa (Balb/C, osso corticale). Le nanoindentazioni sul campione di OI (proveniente dall’arto superiore) sono state condotte su diverse fette, per analizzare le potenziali differenze tra le due regioni e le quattro sezioni. Abbiamo trovato un modulo elastico di 12.14 ± 5.79 GPa e l’hardness di 0.49 ± 0.21 GPa. In conclusione, abbiamo sviluppato questo nuovo protocollo che può essere applicato a diversi lavori futuri. Ad esempio, per le applicazioni precliniche aumentando il numero di topi diversi o per applicazioni cliniche aumentando il numero dei campioni di OI, raccogliendo campioni con diversi tipi di OI, indagando l'effetto dei trattamenti o confrontando le ossa di OI con osso sano.

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