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1
Haynie, Kathleen Louise. "A Good Mormon Wife". PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1119.
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Within the Mormon culture, women are expected to marry, raise children, and be a "helpmeet" to their husbands. Both men and women are taught that they cannot attain the highest degree of heaven unless they are married in a Mormon temple, where they have been "sealed for time and all eternity." Although neither one can achieve this lofty goal without the other, and although there are some aspects of the Mormon culture in which there is a fair degree of equality between men and women, there is no denying that this is a patriarchal culture. Men hold the priesthood and they preside in their homes. The woman is the man's companion and counselor. Kathy Haynie converted to Mormonism when she was just eighteen, and she met and married her husband only two years later. She is committed to her religion and to her new family, and so she is as surprised as anyone when she begins to chafe under a manipulative and controlling husband. She is naive and credulous, and so she assumes that she needs to pray more, keep her mouth shut, and endure to the end. All of that changes when she attends a week of outdoor training for Boy Scout leaders, where she is one of only a handful of woman, and the only woman in her training patrol. Near the end of the week, Kathy realizes that she has been ignoring a self she has held within for fifteen years. Torn between her love of her children and her commitment to stable family life, and the increasing need she feels for genuine companionship, Kathy navigates the uncertain realm of friendship with one of her scouting friends. We watch her blossom as she gains confidence and skills to take her family out into the wilderness at the same time that she is deluding herself about her involvement with her friend. Family, faith, and friendship collide in this memoir of a Mormon wife and mother.
2
McIntyre, Lynn. "The good enough couple". Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1995. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/mcintyre_1995.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1995.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
3
Kanzler, Katja. "Privacy, Professionalism, and the Female Lawyer: Intimate Publicness in The Good Wife". Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28899.
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"The legal drama – a staple of American popular culture – has evolved as one of the "masculine" genres in the gendered landscape of television culture. A type of workplace drama focusing on professional settings historically dominated by men, it traditionally dramatizes "a world where men played the only important parts and where male bonding and inter-male conflict were dominant elements in the narrative," to adapt Kenneth MacKinnon’s general observations about "masculine" tv (69). Yet the gendering of the (traditional) legal drama goes well beyond the ubiquity of male characters: It is deeply ingrained in the figuration of the lawyer that classic instances of the genre established...""Der vorliegende Beitrag ist die pre-print Version. Bitte nutzen Sie für Zitate die Seitenzahl der Original-Version." (siehe Quellenangabe)
4
Rosenbaum, Deborah Ilse. "What's good for the gander is good for the goose helping cancer patients to cope by treating their spouses /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
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Levonian, Megan. "Contemporary Women's Employment in Japan: The Effects of State-Mandated Gender Roles, Wars, and Japan, Inc". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/618.
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My research is centered around the questions: How can such a modernized country, considered by many to be the cleanest, friendliest, most welcoming place to visit (certainly surpassing the United States on such standards), not be more welcoming of women in employment? Further, what are the main problems hindering women in employment today, and from where do these problems originate? That is, how did the present situation for women’s employment in Japan come to light? I endeavor to answer these questions, beginning by uncovering the major issues in women’s employment and then tracing their origins back in history to discover when and why they developed into what they are today.
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Gomes, Ana Luzia Chavez. "A constituição de mulher no seriado The Good Wife - dialogia no seriado e na fanfic". Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8597.
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This research presents an analysis about the woman’s constitution in television series, specifically the series The Good Wife in dialogue with fanfiction, which are textual productions of the fans. The approach taken is the bakhtinian one in the sense that the worlds constructs are social and television is a very influential mechanism in society. Thus, issues such as dialogy, speech genres and constitution of the subject are treated, allowing the construction of a theoretical background. Think about women’s presence in society is interesting, since we are in a period in which women are increasingly inserted breaking old paradigms. But it’s also necessary to note that even with the changes, it still has a mindset that sometimes limits such insertion, so be aware enables break with these limitations.
Essa pesquisa traz uma análise acerca da constituição da mulher nos seriados televisivos, mais especificamente o seriado The Good Wife em diálogo com as fanfics, que são as produções textuais dos fãs. A abordagem que se toma é a bakhtiniana no sentido de que as construções de mundo são sociais e que a televisão é um mecanismo de grande influência na sociedade. Assim, temas como dialogia, gêneros do discurso e constituição de sujeito são tratados, permitindo a construção de um referencial teórico. Pensar as questões da presença feminina na sociedade é interessante, visto que estamos em um período em que as mulheres estão cada vez mais inseridas rompendo com antigos paradigmas. Mas também é necessário observar que mesmo com as mudanças, ainda se tem uma mentalidade que por vezes limita essa inserção, de modo que tomar consciência possibilita romper com essas limitações.
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Kanzler, Katja. "Of Legal Roulette and Eccentric Clients - Contemporary TV Legal Drama as (Post-)Postmodern Public Sphere". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-164051.
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This article explores the specific capacity of TV courtroom drama to dramatize civic issues and to seduce viewers to an active engagement with such issues. I argue that television series of this genre eyploit the apparent theatricality of their subject matter-trials-to invite their audiences to the deliberation of social or political issues, issues that they negotiate in their courtroom plots. contemporary courtroom dramas amend this issue orientation with a self-reflexive dimension in wich they encourage viewers to also reflect on how the dramatic construction of 'issues' shapes their civic debate. I unfold this argument through a reading of episodes from two very different legal dramas, Boston Legal (2004-2008) and The Good Wife (2009-).
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Kanzler, Katja. "Of Legal Roulette and Eccentric Clients - Contemporary TV Legal Drama as (Post-)Postmodern Public Sphere". Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28633.
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This article explores the specific capacity of TV courtroom drama to dramatize civic issues and to seduce viewers to an active engagement with such issues. I argue that television series of this genre eyploit the apparent theatricality of their subject matter-trials-to invite their audiences to the deliberation of social or political issues, issues that they negotiate in their courtroom plots. contemporary courtroom dramas amend this issue orientation with a self-reflexive dimension in wich they encourage viewers to also reflect on how the dramatic construction of 'issues' shapes their civic debate. I unfold this argument through a reading of episodes from two very different legal dramas, Boston Legal (2004-2008) and The Good Wife (2009-).
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Kanzler, Katja. "Privacy, Professionalism, and the Female Lawyer". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-213575.
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"The legal drama – a staple of American popular culture – has evolved as one of the "masculine" genres in the gendered landscape of television culture. A type of workplace drama focusing on professional settings historically dominated by men, it traditionally dramatizes "a world where men played the only important parts and where male bonding and inter-male conflict were dominant elements in the narrative," to adapt Kenneth MacKinnon’s general observations about "masculine" tv (69). Yet the gendering of the (traditional) legal drama goes well beyond the ubiquity of male characters: It is deeply ingrained in the figuration of the lawyer that classic instances of the genre established...""Der vorliegende Beitrag ist die pre-print Version. Bitte nutzen Sie für Zitate die Seitenzahl der Original-Version." (siehe Quellenangabe)
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Tingle, Morgan G. "“The Last Words of a King’s Wife”: an exploration of the characters of the wives of King Henry VIII of England through the Art song of Libby Larsen". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/354.
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The intention of this thesis is to describe the process of putting together a performance of a lecture recital on the song cycle Try Me, Good King: Last words of the wives of Henry VIII by modern composer Libby Larsen, and to conduct an in depth exploration of the characters of the first five wives of King Henry VIII of England. Each wife’s character will be investigated in relation to their roles in this song cycle which draws its’ text from the final words of these five women. Each wife’s character will be investigated from three perspectives, that of history, that of Libby Larsen, my own perspective (Morgan Tingle). The ultimate result will be a solid developed character for each wife that is the culmination of my studies portrayed by myself, soprano Morgan Tingle, in the final lecture recital.
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Curtis, Meilin Chung. "Good Grapes - Good Wine". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1759.
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Good grapes are required to make good wine. Quality wines start in quality vineyards. Vineyard design, installation, and operation, including site location, trellis options, vine selection, and canopy management, along with when to harvest are discussed. While winemaking is the final phase in the pursuit of the winemaker's passion, it is but a simple formula. The beginning of a good wine is in a good vineyard. This study includes a financial projection for a 10-acre vineyard as well as for starting an onsite, complementary sized winery. Even though many small-to-medium vineyards-to-wineries have started over the last decade, the reason to enter into this type of business is not profit, but passion. Profits are relatively small for the time and labor investment, but the unique wine creations that result are amazing, for the winemaker and the one who enjoys the result.
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French, Francesca B. "People on the Edges of Dreams". PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5170.
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This thesis is composed of a collection of twelve short stories, varying in length from 2 to 14 pages. Each story contains its own discrete theme, but fits as well within the overarching theme of the collection as a whole. This overarching theme is what gives the collection its cohesiveness. The main theme of the larger work can be found in the title of the collection, People on the Edges of Dreams. In many of the stories dreams, or dream-states, figure in the lives of the protagonists. In addition to the dream-state theme there is a less obvious theme, which has to do with the extent to which most or all of the main characters in the stories are faced with a kind of inescapable compassion for others. For example, the selfinvolved, self-gratifying protagonist in Matador cannot help but feel compassion first for Pearl, the woman he insults, and second for the "bums" on whom his livelihood depends. The theme of inescapable compassion can, I believe, be found to varying degrees in each of the stories in this collection.
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Reddy, Maya S. "The Rainbow Effect: Exploring the Implications of Queer Representation in Film and Television on Social Change". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/953.
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In this thesis, I explore how specific films and television shows use the preexisting structure and mechanics of narrative film in order to create queer characters and stories that defy their otherness and stereotypes, thus creating a profound cinematic experience. Not only does the manipulation of these structures and mechanics heighten the realism and depth of the narrative at hand, it also enhances audience identification by allowing queer viewers to find themselves and straight viewers to understand the “other.” In this manner, the New New Queer Cinema and television have had lasting effects on the modern gay rights movement, changing perceptions and attitudes of society on an extremely personal level and making way for incredible strides in public policy changes.
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Nursey-Bray, Joanna. "Good wives and wise mothers : women and corporate culture in Japan /". Title page, contents and introduction only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arn9742.pdf.
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Metzger, Stephanie Marie. "Good Wives, Wise Mothers, and Their Working Men: Gender Perspectives on Nihonjinron". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339763646.
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Rhodes, Emily. "The Use of Behavior Specific Praise and the Caught Being Good Game to Improve Class-Wide Behavior". Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5296.
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This study evaluated the relative contributions of behavior specific praise statements (BSPS) and the Caught Being Good Game (CBGG) on class-wide appropriate behaviors and examined teacher use of BSPS and corrective feedback. It also evaluated if changes in class-wide behaviors are maintained during follow-up and generalized to non-target academic periods. Data on teacher use of BSPS were also collected during follow-up and generalization probes to examine if the teachers continued to use BSPS during follow-up and generalize their use of BSPS to non-target academic periods. A multiple-baseline design across classrooms with an ABC sequence was used to evaluate the outcomes of the interventions. The results indicated that BSPS was sufficient in two classrooms to increase class-wide on-task behavior for over 90% of students just by explicitly giving attention for appropriate behaviors while the third classroom required implementation of CBGG which provided external reinforcers. Some evidence of generalization and maintenance was observed in all classrooms. All teaching staff's use of BSPS increased during implementation of the BSPS phase, but BSPS use decreased in follow-up, and support for generalization is lacking.
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Scully, Pamela. "The bouquet of freedom : social and economic relations in the Stellenbosch district, c1870-1900". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21838.
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Bibliography: pages 112-130.The thesis explores the effects on the wine growing district of Stellenbosch of the transformations in the political economy of the Cape Colony in the late nineteeth century. It is the first in depth study of Stellenbosch District and also contributes to other historical analyses concerned with the impact of industrialisation on rural society. Primary sources used include archival records, newspapers and the annual reports of the district branch of the Standard Bank. Labour legislation passed in the aftermath of slavery was most successful in tying labour to the farms when the labour market was confined to the agrarian sector. The mineral and transport revolutions of the late nineteenth century brought about the first major reformulation of social and economic relations in the Western Cape since emancipation. Between cl878 to 1896 wine farmers were hit by the general recession of the 1880s, by the excise tax on brandy, by phylloxera and by periodic labour shortages. Farmers, especially those capitalising their agricultural production, looked to the Zuid Afrikaansche Boere Beskermings Vereeniging and later the amalgamated Afrikaner Bond to press for state aid to wine farmers. In the late nineteenth century farmers finally experienced the implications of the proletarianisation of the rural underclass. Many labourers left to work in the growing urban sector, on the Public Works or in self employment as market gardeners. Farmers in Stellenbosch, like their peers in other societies confronting the implications of industrialisation, regarded labour mobility as illegitimate. They felt threatened by outbreaks of arson and theft, but also by the labourers' new assertiveness. For a time labour relations on the farms took place in a context where labourers had a measure of leverage against the power of the farmer. By 1910 the farmers' world had been righted and this was no longer the case.
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Grossi, Joseph Luke. "The name of the Risus : nominalism, the carnivalesque and the pursuit of truths in Chaucer's the Wife of Bath's prologue and Tale and the Clerk's tale". Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1144849554.
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Woolgar, Carmen. "Truth and strangers in Jean Rhys's novels : Good morning, Midnight and Wide Sargasso Sea". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25956.pdf.
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Ioannou, Irene. "”He looked at me ... My God. His eyes were eyes to die for.” : A Feminist Theological Reading of Carol Ann Duffy’s The World’s Wife". Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-13151.
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Most approaches to Duffy’s work have been a feminist reading of poetry, focusing on the portrayal of women within the theoretical framework of feminism. However, little attention has been paid to the religious elements in Duffy’s work, something that Duffy herself has recognized. This essay will therefore focus on the centrality of religion in Duffy’s work, and will argue that her poems constitute an arena where religion is redefined and female experience and theology are reconciled. The poems under focus, “Delilah”, “Salome”, “Pilate’s wife”, “Pope Joan”, “Mrs Lazarous” and “Queen Herod” are examined in two separate sections: their portrayal of love and sexuality, and their portrayal of motherhood respectively, within the theoretical framework of feminist theology.
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Campbell, Travis J. "God only wise a Calvinist critique of freewill theism /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Akoto-Danso, Alexander. "A pilot wide-field VLBI survey of the GOODS-North field". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/72296.
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Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) has significant advantages in disentangling active galactic nuclei (AGN) from star formation, particularly at intermediate to high-redshift due to its high angular resolution and insensitivity to dust. Surveys using VLBI arrays are only just becoming practical over wide areas with numerous developments and innovations (such as multi-phase centre techniques) in observation and data analysis techniques. However, fully automated pipelines for VLBI data analysis are based on old software packages and are unable to incorporate new calibration and imaging algorithms. In this work, the researcher developed a pipeline for VLBI data analysis which integrates a recent wide-field imaging algorithm, RFI excision, and a purpose-built source finding algorithm specifically developed for the 64kx64k wide-field VLBI images. The researcher used this novel pipeline to process 6% (~ 9 arcmin2 of the total 160 arcmin2) of the data from the CANDELS GOODS- North extragalactic field at 1.6 GHz. The milli-arcsec scale images have an average rms of a ~ 10 uJy/beam. Forty four (44) candidate sources were detected, most of which are at sub-mJy flux densities, having brightness temperatures and luminosities of >5x105 K and >6x1021 W Hz-1 respectively. This work demonstrates that automated post-processing pipelines for wide-field, uniform sensitivity VLBI surveys are feasible and indeed made more efficient with new software, wide-field imaging algorithms and more purpose-built source- finders. This broadens the discovery space for future wide-field surveys with upcoming arrays such as the African VLBI Network (AVN), MeerKAT and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA).
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Búran, Martin. "Žárový anemometr". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399575.
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The project deals with the effect of the airflow and temperature on the gold wirebond due to possible application in hot-wire anemometry. Theoretical fundamentals of wirebonding and hot-air anemometry are included in the text. From the area of anemometry, there is also a detailed description of measurement principles, areas of application and measuring instruments. The practical part of the text deals with design of the experimental sensor for hot-wire anemometry with use of the gold wirebond, including also the verification of the sensor's properties.
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Gibert, M. V. "New wine in old bottles : the European Union's development, good governance and security policies in West Africa". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629177.
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The European Union (EU) has fully adopted the current international trend that stresses the linkage between development, good governance and security - what is called here the 'development triangle'. Through the implementation of this holistic understanding of development, the EU has widely expanded the range of its policies in West Africa. This thesis identifies three relatively new and closely inter-related fields of European intervention and pressure for reform: security, governance and regional integration. The programmes implemented by the EU in these fields in West Africa, and studied here, all have in common that they are technical in appearance, and yet have profoundly political dimensions. The thesis outlines different reasons for this evolution of the EU's agenda in West Africa, which has failed to 'multilateralise' and 'politicise', i.e. has failed to question the traditional bilateral link between former European colonial powers and African colonies and to adopt a more political, and less technical, understanding of West African development issues. There are, first, clear institutional limits to what the EU can do in West Africa. These limits are obvious both in the field - in the European delegations' lirilited capacities and mandates -and in Brussels - in the often . unclear division of labour between Council and Commission and some member-states' continuing monopoly over relations with Africa. The thesis shows that multilateral and bilateral arrangements may co-exist for many' more decades and can even reinforce each other, so that there is little prospect for a replacement of one by the other. Africa, moreover, is still seen as a field for essentially technical and administrative interventions, not a place for politics, i.e. not a place where politics take place arid even less a place where political analysis and diplomacy are needed. The EU's agenda in West Africa is much more about adapting West African states - thus a transformational agenda - to Europe's understanding of the international order - one dominated by the Westphalian perspective -, institutional imperatives and self-promotion strategies than about adapting Europe's political strategies to West African realities and a more Weberian ideal of the state that would focus on domestic legitimacy and efficiency.
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Knight, Dave. "Variation in silicosis prevalence in South African gold miners : an industry-wide study". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12412.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-65).Includes abstract.
This study investigates the prevalence of silicosis in the South African gold mining industry. Gold mining is an important industry in South Africa, yet has been blighted by silicosis and tuberculosis in miners since its inception in 1887. There have been two previous studies conducted in black in-service miners using modern epidemiologic methods that found high prevalences of silicosis .The objectives of our study were three-fold. Firstly, to determine silicosis prevalence stratified by certain variables. Secondly, to compare silicosis prevalences to these two previous studies conducted in order to determine whether any secular trends are present. Thirdly, to report on any variation in silicosis between mining shaft, mining company or mining region, and to generate hypotheses for any variation found.
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Meade, Sonya R. "Bless God and die : an examination of the role of Job's wife in the Masoretic text of Job /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25866.pdf.
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Hu, Xin. "RF CMOS Tunable Gilbert Mixer with Wide Tuning Frequency and Controllable Bandwidth: Design Sythesis and Verification". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright149572725296626.
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Marotta, Michael. "A Comparison of Teacher and Student Choices on Reinforcement Criteria in Using the Caught Being Good Game (CBGG) to Improve Classroom Behavior". Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6894.
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The Caught Being Good Game (CBGG), a variation of Good Behavior Game, is an interdependent group contingency, which focuses on giving students points for engaging in appropriate, rule-following behavior. The present study aimed to expand the literature on CBGG by targeting students in general education classrooms and comparing the impact of student-chosen versus teacher-chosen contingency criteria on disruptive behavior and academic engagement. Four students who were at-risk for developing emotional disorders in two general elementary classrooms were targeted in the study. A multiple-baseline across participants design with an embedded alternating treatments design was used to evaluate the outcomes of the CBGG. Results indicated that the CBGG intervention resulted in decreasing disruptive behavior and increasing academic engagement for all four students although data demonstrated limited experimental control. Moderate differences in improvement in classroom behavior were observed when comparing teacher-chosen and student-chosen contingency criteria; however, the teacher-chosen criteria condition led to overall lower levels of disruptive behavior and higher levels of academic engagement. Social validity assessments indicated that both the teachers and the students found the intervention to be acceptable.
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Putsey, Michelle C. "The birth control pill and abortion making a wise, God-honoring decision in family planning /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p091-0070.
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McKeagney, Catherine Judith. "Structural and alteration characteristics of the Indarama lode gold deposit, Zimbabwe : implications for craton-wide tectonism and mineralization". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264744.
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Wrigley, Nicholas Howard. "Deep observations of the GOODS-North field from the e-MERGE survey". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/deep-observations-of-the-goodsnorth-field-from-the-emerge-survey(d541030e-6cf2-456d-8ea3-bb59d7c1ab42).html.
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The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey North (GOODS-N) field, first surveyed by the HST, has been observed across numerous wavebands revealing populations of both Star Forming Galaxies (SFG) and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) over wide ranges of luminosities. It has been surmised that the evolution in the star forming population appears to diverge from that in the AGN population leading to a domination of SFGs at low flux densities. The number of starbursts can only be disentangled from the entire population if each source can be classified individually, which usually requires high angular resolution imaging. This is the motivation behind the e-MERLIN Galaxy Evolution survey, e-MERGE, which expands the depth of high resolution radio imaging in the GOODS-N field to increase the number of potentially classifiable sources. By use of wide-field imaging techniques, including a new high-speed mapping tool, together with a new semi-empirical primary beam-shape model for the e-MERLIN array, a deep wide-field high-resolution map is derived. This is the widest and deepest contiguous imaging yet obtained from e-MERLIN and JVLA observations, and yet contains less than 25% of the e-MERLIN data so far observed. The majority of the objects are shown to exhibit extended structure, and the angular size distribution place the median size around 1.2 arcsec, peaking between 0.5 and 0.7 arcsec. Automated algorithms are utilised to facilitate a new probabilistic classification tool based on multi-parameter correlations. 248 sources could be classified using the tool, each deriving a probability of AGN or SFG rather than forcing a binary category. Linear sizes of star-formation dominated sources are determined to lie in a range of 4 - 11 kpc, within the optical extent of galaxies. Differential source counting based on probabilistic classifications reveals that an increase in the luminosity evolution of SFGs is likely, although an apparent upturn in AGN may also exist to some lesser degree at low flux densities. The thesis establishes a clear roadmap for the remainder of the e-MERGE survey and a path to determine the star formation rate history of the Universe.
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Hoover, Jon R. "An Islamic Theodicy : Ibn Taymiyya on the wise purpose of God, Human Agency, and problems of Evil and justice". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497483.
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Büchner, Christine. "Wie kann Gott in der Welt wirken? : Überlegungen zu einer theologischen Hermeneutik des Sich-Gebens /". Freiburg im Breisgau : Herder, 2010. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018996890&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Fellner, Wolfgang y Andrea Grisold. "Positioning Public Service Broadcasting in a Competitive TV Market. Small Country Programming Strategies based on a Wide-Reach Genre". Department of Economics, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2009. http://epub.wu.ac.at/166/1/document.pdf.
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This article explores how a public service broadcasting company, namely ORF in Austria, has dealt with the challenges created by the dual system. An investigation of market requirements, public programming mandate, cost structure and financing needs reveals how economic and political constraints are interrelated. To illustrate this phenomenon, we focus on programming, specifically on the highly successful genre of popular folksy music ('Volkstümliche Musik'). Opinions of decision-makers responsible for programming strategies at the Austrian PSB company are linked with a detailed empirical analysis of one prosperous production within that genre. This enables us to draw a number of conclusions on the strategies pursued by public service broadcasting companies to master the changed market conditions and draw attention to so far unattended topics.Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Mohammadzadeh, Saeideh. "Electronic Transport Properties of Copper and Gold at Atomic Scale". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-63427.
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The factors governing electronic transport properties of copper and gold atomic-size contacts are theoretically examined in the present work. A two-terminal conductor using crystalline electrodes is adopted. The non-equilibrium Green’s function combined with the density functional tight-binding method is employed via gDFTB simulation tool to calculate the transport at both equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions. The crystalline orientation, length, and arrangement of electrodes have very weak influence on the electronic characteristics of the considered atomic wires. The wire width is found to be the most effective geometric aspect determining the number of conduction channels. The obtained conductance oscillation and linear current-voltage curves are interpreted. To analyze the conduction mechanism in detail, the transmission channels and their decomposition to the atomic orbitals are calculated in copper and gold single point contacts. The presented results offer a possible explanation for the relation between conduction and geometric structure. Furthermore, the results are in good agreement with available experimental and theoretical studiesIn der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die wesentlichen Faktoren, die die elektronischen Transporteigenschaften von Kontaktstrukturen atomarer Größe aus Kupfer bzw. Gold bestimmen, theoretisch untersucht. Untersuchungsgegenstand ist eine leitfähige Struktur zwischen zwei kristallinen Elektroden. Um Transportberechungen sowohl unter Gleichgewichts- als auch unter Nicht-Gleichgewichts-Bedingungen durchführen zu können, wird die Simulations-Software gDFTB, die auf dem Nicht-Gleichgewichts-Green-funktionenformalismus in Kombination mit der Dichtefunktional-Tight-Binding-Methode beruht, eingesetzt. Die elektronischen Eigenschaften der betrachteten atomaren Drähte werden nur sehr schwach von ihrer kristallinen Orientierung, ihrer Länge und der Elektrodenanordnung beeinflusst. Als effektivster geometrischer Faktor wurde der Leiterquerschnitt gefunden, weil dieser die Anzahl der Leitungskanäle bestimmt. Darüber hinaus werden die erhaltenen Leitfähigkeitsoszillationen und die linearen Strom-Spannungs-Kennlinien erklärt. Für eine detaillierte Analyse des Leitungsmechanismus werden bei den Ein-Atom-Kontakten aus Kupfer und Gold die Übertragungskanäle und ihre Aufspaltung in Atomorbitale betrachtet. Die präsentierten Ergebnisse bieten eine mögliche Erklärung für den Zusammenhang zwischen Leitfähigkeit und geometrischer Struktur. Die Resultate zeigen eine akzeptable Übereinstimmung mit den verfügbaren experimentellen und theoretischen Studien
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Akyeampong, Albert S. "The Relationship of Technology Use to Perception of Instructional Quality". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1219348065.
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LIPPI, ANDREA. "Gli investimenti non finanziari nel private banking: scelte strategiche, aspetti tecnico-valutativi e modalità di customer relationship management". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/115.
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L'obiettivo della ricerca è evidenziare se l'investimento in beni non finanziari è preso in considerazione dalle private banks operanti in Italia nella costruzione dei portafogli dei loro clienti facoltosi, se nel processo di ottimizzazione siano seguite le logiche della modern portfolio theory e quali modalità vengono adottate nella fase di presentazione delle performance. si procede quindi ad esaminare gli investimenti in oro, in arte, in diamanti, in vino e in immobili per verificarne gli impatti sulla rischiosità e sulle performance di portafoglio.The goal of this thesis is to verify if private banks that operate in Italy use goods as investment for diversifying HNW or U-HNW individuals portfolio, if they take in consideration the modern portfolio theory for asset allocation and how performances are presented to investors. So it analyses the investment as gold, real estate, art, diamond and wine to achieve the impact of them on portfolio risk and performance.
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Savan, Emanuel-Emil. "Consumer liking and sensory attribute prediction for new product development support : applications and enhancements of belief rule-based methodology". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/consumer-liking-and-sensory-attribute-prediction-for-new-product-development-support-applications-and-enhancements-of-belief-rulebased-methodology(0582be52-a5ce-47da-836d-e30b5506fb41).html.
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Methodologies designed to support new product development are receiving increasing interest in recent literature. A significant percentage of new product failure is attributed to a mismatch between designed product features and consumer liking. A variety of methodologies have been proposed and tested for consumer liking or preference prediction, ranging from statistical methodologies e.g. multiple linear regression (MLR) to non-statistical approaches e.g. artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), and belief rule-based (BRB) systems. BRB has been previously tested for consumer preference prediction and target setting in case studies from the beverages industry. Results have indicated a number of technical and conceptual advantages which BRB holds over the aforementioned alternative approaches. This thesis focuses on presenting further advantages and applications of the BRB methodology for consumer liking prediction. The features and advantages are selected in response to challenges raised by three addressed case studies. The first case study addresses a novel industry for BRB application: the fast moving consumer goods industry, the personal care sector. A series of challenges are tackled. Firstly, stepwise linear regression, principal component analysis and AutoEncoder are tested for predictors’ selection and data reduction. Secondly, an investigation is carried out to analyse the impact of employing complete distributions, instead of averages, for sensory attributes. Moreover, the effect of modelling instrumental measurement error is assessed. The second case study addresses a different product from the personal care sector. A bi-objective prescriptive approach for BRB model structure selection and validation is proposed and tested. Genetic Algorithms and Simulated Annealing are benchmarked against complete enumeration for searching the model structures. A novel criterion based on an adjusted Akaike Information Criterion is designed for identifying the optimal model structure from the Pareto frontier based on two objectives: model complexity and model fit. The third case study introduces yet another novel industry for BRB application: the pastry and confectionary specialties industry. A new prescriptive framework, for rule validation and random training set allocation, is designed and tested. In all case studies, the BRB methodology is compared with the most popular alternative approaches: MLR, ANN, and SVM. The results indicate that BRB outperforms these methodologies both conceptually and in terms of prediction accuracy.
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Dias, Daiane. "Mecanismo reacional de etanotiol em eletrodo de ouro e seu comportamento em sistemas redox". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4229.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoSulphur compounds can interfere with product quality of the wine, since they have a characteristic undesirable odor. The ethanethiol is considered an interesting compound from the electrochemical point of view, since it can become oxidized or reduced and thus, it can be studied both on polarized electrode surfaces and redox solutions. Therefore, the present work was divided in the study of reaction mechanism of ethanethiol on polarized electrode (gold electrode) and the study of the ethanethiol behavior in the redox system in solution (wine). The first part was developed by applying techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse and atomic force microscopy. This allowed a complete characterization of ethanethiol on electrochemical gold electrode in alkaline medium with respect to its reaction mechanism, and also a large morphological characterization of the gold electrode. In the second part of the work a study about the ethanethiol influence on the antioxidant activity of compounds present in wine (resveratrol and gallic acid) and its influence in the antioxidant activity and in the concentration of phenolic compounds in wine was carried out. The wines were: Cabernet Suavignon Cabernet (2012 and 2006), Merlot (2012 and 2008), Pinot noir red and rose (2012) and Chardonnay (2011). Moreover, the electroanalytical determination of the ethanethiol (representing the class of low molecular weight thiols), inorganic sulfide and sulfite, using the stripping voltammetry and cathodic electrode mercury drop in acid medium, was carried out.
Compostos de enxofre podem interferir na qualidade do produto final do vinho, uma vez que apresentam odor indesejável característico. O etanotiol é considerado um composto interessante do ponto de vista eletroquímico, uma vez que pode se oxidar ou se reduzir podendo então ser estudado tanto em superfícies de eletrodos polarizados quanto em uma solução redox. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho foi dividido no estudo do mecanismo reacional do etanotiol em eletrodo polarizado (eletrodo de ouro) e o estudo do comportamento do etanotiol frente a sistema redox em solução (vinho). A primeira parte foi desenvolvida aplicando-se técnicas como voltametria cíclica, de pulso diferencial e microscopia de força atômica. Isto possibilitou obter uma completa caracterização eletroquímica do etanotiol no eletrodo de ouro em meio alcalino, no que se refere ao mecanismo reacional do mesmo, e também uma ampla caracterização morfológica do eletrodo de ouro. Na segunda parte do trabalho realizou-se o estudo da influência do etanotiol na atividade antioxidante de compostos presentes no vinho (resveratrol e ácido gálico), assim como sua influência na atividade antioxidante e na concentração de fenóis totais no vinho. Os vinhos estudados foram: Cabernet Suavignon safras 2012 e 2006, Merlot safras 2012 e 2008, Pinot noir tinto e rose safra 2012, Chardonnay safra 2011. Além disso, realizou-se a determinação eletroanalítica de etanotiol (representando a classe de tióis de baixo peso molecular), sulfeto inorgânico e sulfito, utilizando-se a voltametria de redissolução catódica e eletrodo de mercúrio de gota pendente em meio ácido.
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Bustamante, José Miguel Alvarado. "Dimensões sociais da ceia pascal celebrada por Jesus: um estudo literário e histórico-teológico de Mc 14,22-25". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18380.
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Previous issue date: 2009-11-25The purpose of this study is to discuss the social dimensions of Jesus last supper, according to Mk 14,22-25. In regard to the exegetic methodology, this study is conducted using a synchronic perspect;s narrative, one perceives the importance of the so-called exodus project as a search for a fair society with no poor, an inclusive and compassionate society. Certainly, the last supper condensates al;s gospel, Jesus death is interpreted from a prophetic perspective of the practice of justice;
O presente estudo tem por objetivo demonstrar as dimensões sociais da ceia de Jesus, segundo o evangelho de Mc 14,22-25. Quanto à metodologia exegética, a pesquisa é conduzida por meio da perspectiva sincrônica. O estudo literário desta perícope leva a situá-la no contexto das refeições de Jesus, das partilhas prodigiosas dos pães, podendo-se chegar a considerar a última ceia a culminância destas. Transparece assim, na narrativa de Mc, a importância do chamado projeto do êxodo enquanto busca da construção de uma sociedade justa e sem pobres, inclusiva e solidária. Certamente, esta ceia condensa toda a comensalidade de Jesus, que, por um lado, subverte os valores do sistema social da Palestina do século I sob o domínio dos romanos, baseados na busca da honra, do prestígio e do status... Por outro, o agir comensal de Jesus parece ser contestação às normas da pureza ritual das lideranças religiosas judaicas de Jerusalém, como também crítica à concepção expiatória dos sacrifícios apresentados no templo. A ceia de Jesus é antecipação do banquete escatológico, do qual participarão todos, segundo a fidelidade ao projeto do Reino de Deus. Sua morte, conforme o evangelho de Marcos, é interpretada na perspectiva profética da prática da justiça.
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Fabre, Sandy. "De la synthèse de procyanidines à leur quantification dans les baies de raisins et le vin". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13891/document.
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Les flavanols et leurs oligomères, les procyanidines, sont des composés phénoliques biosynthétisés dans les baies de raisin, dont ils sont extraits pendant la vinification. Une meilleure compréhension de leur évolution pendant la maturation du raisin, la vinification et le vieillissement du vin est importante du fait de leur responsabilité dans beaucoup des propriétés organoleptiques du vin (couleur, amertume et astringence). Plusieurs procyanidines ont été obtenues par une méthode de synthèse permettant de contrôler aussi bien la régio- et la stéréosélectivité de la liaison interflavane que le degré d’oligomérisation. Cette méthode a pu être élargie à la synthèse de procyanidines galloylées. L’étape de couplage, qui restait l’étape limitante de cette synthèse, a pu être améliorée par l’utilisation de la catalyse à l’or. Ces composés ont ensuite été utilisés comme standards afin de les identifier et les quantifier dans du raisin et des vins par chromatographie liquide haute performance. L’étude des intéractions supramoléculaires des composés galloylés a été évaluée par RMN DOSY. En parallèle de ces études, un nouveau composé indolique, possédant un motif glucose dans sa structure, a été identifié et caractérisé pour la première fois dans les vins rougesFlavanols and their oligomers, procyanidins, are phenolics compounds biosynthetized in grapes, from which they are extrated during winemaking As they contribute so much to the organoleptics properties of the wine (color, bitterness and astringency), a better comprehension of their evolution during grapes maturation, winemaking and ageing of the wine is particulary important. Several procyanidines were obtained by a synthesis method which allows to control as well the interflavan regio- and stereoselectivity as the degree of oligomerization. This method was extended to the synthesis of galloylated procyanidins. The stage of coupling, which was a limiting stage of this synthesis, could be improved by the use of gold III catalysis. These compounds were then used as standards in order to identify and quantify them in grapes and wines by high performance liquid chromatography. The supramolecular properties of galloylated procyanidins were investigated by NMR DOSY. In parallel to these studies, a new indolic compound bearing a glucose moiety, has been identified and characterized for the first time in red wine
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Khan, Razia Sultana. "The Good Wife and other tales of seduction". 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1757258931&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=14215&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2007.Title from title screen (site viewed October 13, 2009). PDF text: 158 p. ; 827 K. UMI publication number: AAT 3355627. Also available in microfilm and microfiche formats.
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Lin, Hsin-ying y 林欣穎. "From a Good Wife and a Loving Mother to a Fearless Warrior: A Study of Female Military Training in Wartime Taiwan, 1937-1945". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/agdwpy.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
歷史學研究所
104
Abstract The role of women has traditionally been that of a good wife and a loving mother. While females were not generally conscripted, women in Japan and Taiwan sometimes received military training from programs implemented by the government. Following an historical approach, this study explores the factors, contents, effects, and causal links of such policy. This study also endeavors to ensure the objective interpretations of historical facts through collection of oral histories. The time period of this study covers the entire war-time era from 1937 to 1945, so as to investigate the relationship between females and the nation during wartime, clarifying the meaning of military training for Taiwanese women and understanding the various situations and potentials of Taiwanese females. The policy of mobilizing females during Japanese rule could be delineated into three dimensions. First, the emphasis of female’s role as a mother; second, their participation in air defense drills; and third, receipt of military training. Female military training in this case included “basic military training” and “budō,” particularly the use of naginata, kyudō, and kendō. Students and women in general were both included in the programs. The rationale of this policy for female participation in military training is derived from the concept of “the nation in arms” from Japan. According to this idea, citizens must maintain health-consciousness in order to be prepared to readily face any contingency during wartime. Therefore, during wars, the Japanese government implemented the policies of “national mental and physical exercises” and “female military training.” The female military training included shooting, marching, room sharing, budō, spears, the crafting of bamboo spears and spear fencing, and equestrianism. The Japanese government expected that through such military training, women could not only build a strong physique in order to maintain mental health and raise healthy children but also enhance their military knowledge. As the battlefield situation had gotten worse, females receiving military training would also serve to bolster domestic defenses as well. Eventually, through the training, the government also expected that females should rouse gratitude towards the soldiers. No matter training for own personal health or domestic defense, the females were dominated by the government. Military training also reshaped women’s role and image. The familiarity of weapons, patriotic and fearless acts exemplified the bravery of women. However, such images were not incompatible with their roles of being a good wife and loving mother. The Japanese government utilized the news of female training to serve as an element of propaganda in order to inspire males’ jingoism. The military training granted females chances of introspection toward themselves and a re-examination of the education of militarism. Keywords：a good wife and a loving mother, wartime, basic military training, budō, the nation in arms, domestic defense
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Lin, Hsin-Kai y 林新凱. "PCB Gold Wire Sweep Inspection". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47560221107672340624.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
103
A method of Printed Circuit Board (PCB) gold wire inspection is proposed in this thesis. We inspect the gold wire intersection on PCB and the wire sweep. In this thesis, we use closing operation in mathematical morphology, to deal with the X-ray image, and calculate the difference between result and original image. After applying thresholding to it, we can get the printed circuit board golden wire image. Finally, we track the image with A* search algorithm to get the golden wire information.
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Chiou, Chun-Ming y 邱俊明. "Wise Mother and Good Wife：Family Education in Women Time". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85420468193614323431.
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Lee, Chung-Hao y 李崇豪. "Impact Effect on Strength of Gold Wire Loops". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9sk4w9.
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碩士國立成功大學
工程科學系專班
92
The wire damage problem after wire bonding process for TSOP product is one of the major factors to affect testing yield. This phenomenon is more significant as the wire length increases and lead width decreases in TSOP multi-chip package. In this paper, a three-dimensional model is used for the simulation of the impact damage of wire loop. On the impact moment, the tensile stress on heat-affected-zone of gold wire loop of TSOP IC package is analyzed by using the ANSYS. In the loop simulation for improvement, looping condition, fixed such as wire diameter, lead length, and heat-affected-zone. Various conditions such as loop height, wire length, and top length ratio of square loop were investigated on the improvement of wire damage. Then apply Taguchi Methods in order to find an optimal looping condition. Finally, using the analysis of variance to find out the major factors and select an optimal looping condition for production. Through the ANSYS and Taguchi Method in this paper, package designer can do a better design for process impact problem improvement before production.
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Sue, Wen-Chieh y 蘇文傑. "Gold Wire Pull Test and Gold Ball Shear Test Optimization by Taguchi’s Method". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86002914125737446354.
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碩士逢甲大學
資訊電機工程碩士在職專班
98
In recent years, technology in electronic industries is rapidly and continuously developed, and consumers have more more requirements for the function of electronic products. The design of electronic products is rapidly developed towards the small-size, high- performance, and low-cost technology. In semiconductor packaging industry, the design of parameters of the wire bonding process is playing an important role in the technology development. Through the design of the optimization parameters, it not only can enhance the ability of the wire bonding process, it can also decrease the cost of production effectively, besides shortening the time of process development and products manufactured. At present, the wire bonding process is towards fine pad pitch of the high precise wire bonding technology. Now, to develop a product having a multiplicity of quality characteristics, the problem of the process optimization still exists in the wire bonding process. For the moment, engineers only rely on their experiences in quality characteristics to make good judgments. At first, based on the different quality characteristics, we can find some factor level sets.Respectively, we can choose or abandon one factor level from those sets. Then we will combine all factor levels to make a decision on the design of products and processes. Therefore, the important topics concerned in industry are how to find the process optimization parameters by Taguchi’s method, and to enhance the ability of the wire bonding process. In view of the above, the study is to design some sets of the wire bonding parameters by the L9 (34) orthogonal array of Taguchi’s method, then to find the optimized parameters, according to the result from each group of them in the experiment. The equipments are, the gold ball shear tester, the gold wire pull tester, the tool microscope and the stereomicroscope, etc. They are used to measure the wire bonding quality, and to observe the inner appearance. We will analyze and calculate the data by the signal to noise ratio (S / N ratio) of Taguchi’s method, and we obtain the optimized parameters .Then we will validate them by repeating the experiment process. At the same time, we will also use the process capability index (Cpk) to determine whether production is stable or not. With the experiment which is focused on finding the optimization parameters of the wire bonding process by Taguchi’s method, we will obtain the way to enhance the ability of the wire bonding process.
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Chen, Yi-feng y 陳儀峰. "The Material Characteristics of Gold Wire/Copper Wire and Dynamic Response on Bonding Process". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71578047131210425689.
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碩士義守大學
機械與自動化工程學系碩士班
97
Wirebonding assembly has been widely used in the semiconductor package for the past two decades. The welding wire bonding technology is based on electricity as a link and as the transmission of signals. Material strength of copper wire is higher than gold wire. Higher strength copper brings about Al pad shovel (excessive plastic deformation) around the ball bond when wirebonding process is conducted. Reliability in Copper wire bonding process includes ball lifted, peeling and cracking beneath bond pad. Manufacturing process also required special attention to prevent oxidation. This research involves in four parts: In the first, Young’s modulus on ultra thin surface is experimentally determined by nano indentation instrument. Secondary, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is applied to measure interfacial frictional coefficient and the surface roughness. In the third, corrosion experiments for gold wire and copper wire are performed and observed for metallographic. The last is that numerical prediction for wirebonding process is conducted based on commercial finite element software of ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The surface tensile mechanical properties for ultra thin gold wire, copper wire and Al pad are obtained through nonointentation technology. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is applied to measure the micro surface coefficient of frictional force. The measured interfacial coefficient of frictional force between silicon-based cantilever beam and specimen material need to be correlated on thrust force and normal force. Surface roughness on Al pad is specially focused because uneven surface will affect the wire bonding process. Therefore, the interfacial frictional mechanism on Al pad needed to be carefully analyzed. The accurate experimental material data should be reflected as input for the precise finite element analysis. Numerical model based on explicit time integration scheme software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is developed to predict the first bond (ball bond) of wirebonding process. The impact effects on structure stressed area during wire bonding process are investigated and the shovel (large plastic deformation) of Al pad was observed during transient ultrasonic vibration stage. It is noted that the material of bond pad should be Al-Cu pad instead of pure Al pad. Special emphasizes are focused on the underlay via layouts and the optimal design of microstructure beneath the bond pad. A series of comprehensive parametric studies were conducted in this research.
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Cheng, Hong-Chang y 鄭鴻彰. "The Research of Processing of Gold Wire and Mechaanical Properties". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16768325063064375673.
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碩士國立成功大學
材料科學及工程學系
89
The goal of this research IC packages of gold wire manufactures and test mechanical properties .In this study of experience layout，first we established the component of gold wire and doping other metal element. The experience divides into main parts ahead: first part basically gets go investigation IC packages of gold wire proceeding optimum drawing process data，according wire produce，the speed of gold wire drawing 、the decreasing area of drawing、times of annealing and the speed of annealing，then drawing the wire diameter to 1.3mil，searching optimum the properties of gold wire. Second part ,we test gold wire the properties of mechanical，including：room temperature tensile testing（25℃）、high temperature tensile testing（250℃）、electric discharge forming ball of microstructure observation、after wire bonding then wire pull test and ball shear test，and we hope to obtain the optimum gold wire manufacturing process and get super duper gold wire production. In drawing parameter process，the speed of drawing at 80 to 180rpm，there is not obvious affect of mechanical properties. In annealing process，the tensile strength of gold wire escalates about 3 gf of each 10 rpm increasing .The temperature of annealing in non-final and final annealing temperature 200℃，there is not overt alternative at room temperature of tensile strength. In final annealing temperature at 400℃ to 450℃，there is great apparent room temperature change of tensile strength value. The most applicability speed of drawing parameters are 180rpm，and the temperature of intermediate annealing and final annealing are 400℃，and the speed of annealing is 80rpm . Proceeding of drawing，the micro structure of gold wire，from purification oven，the equal grain from（16μm）（200），drawing to 1.3mil（1 to μm）（220）facing to preferred orientation .By SEM the structure of gold wire observes，along with drawing，the grain extended to drawing direction，imperceptibly continuous structure could be gotten. In mechanical properties of gold wire：1.3mil gold wire tensile strength values are between 22 to 24 gf at room temperature，and 250℃ tensile strength are about 17 to 18 gf. Bring along diameter of wire decreasing，the hardness of gold wire of 89.7μm from HV=~40 to 1.3mil of hardness HV=60~70.
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Chang, Wei-Yao y 張巍耀. "An Investigation on Heat Affected Zone for Gold Wire/Copper Wire and Dynamic Response on Bonding Process". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96882539274442073938.
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碩士義守大學
機械與自動化工程學系碩士班
96
The wire bonding process has been widely used in the semiconductor package industry for the past two decades for its easy application and low cost. However, the mechanism of dynamic response for wire bonding process is scarcely reported due to the material data is difficultly to determine. As the price of gold is dramatically increasing in the year of 2008, engineers and researchers have been focused on the replacement material of copper wire. The present research involves two major works, experimentally determines the material properties and accurately predicts the dynamic response of stressed region on the bond pad and beneath the contact area. The tensile mechanical properties of ultra thin gold/copper wires (φ=1mil) before/after electric flame-off (EFO) process have been investigated by self-design pull test fixture. Secondary EFO experiments are also conducted to observe the lower hardness of copper wire. Microstructure characteristics of free air ball (FAB) and heat affected zone (HAZ) are also carefully investigated by micro-hardness as well as nano-indentation tests. An empirical coefficient of hardening exponent was determined for Hell-Petch equation to evaluate the deformation of bond pad. The accurate experimental material data should be reflected as input for the precise finite element analysis. Numerical model based on explicit time integration scheme software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is developed to simulate the ball bond of wire bonding process. The impact effects on structure stressed area during wire bonding process are investigated and the shovel of pad was observed during transient ultrasonic vibration stage. It is noted that the material of bond pad should be Al pad instead pure Al pad. Special emphasizes are focused on the via layouts and the optimal design of microstructure beneath the bond pad. A series of comprehensive parametric studies were conducted in this research.