Tesis sobre el tema "Théorie relationnelle de l’espace"
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Tiphine, Lucas. ""L'événement proxémique" : étude des relations de circulation entre piétons aux heures de pointe à Delhi, Los Angeles, Paris et Tokyo". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN009/document.
Texto completoIn a context of traf8ic networks saturation related to urbanisation acceleration, thisresearch is aimed at contributing to the scienti8ic debate on this issue by building a model to describe dynamic pedestrians’ physical distances regulation behaviours in public places.The urban dimension of Edward T. Hall’s theory of proxemics is taken as an initial inspiration. This author argues that a correlation exists between the organisation of space at the macro level of Society and the micro level of individual behaviours. It leads him to a synthetic distinction between ‘contact cultures’ and ‘non-contact cultures’. The former tends to prefer smaller distances at all scales of space organisation compared to the latter.This hypothesis is considered seriously in the research. Nonetheless, Hall’s macroculturalist anthropological area distinction (e.g.: the ‘Arab World’ = ‘contact culture’) isnot relevant anymore in the urban globalization era. Therefore, a new ‘micromacro’theory, based on 4 macro orientations expected to have an influence on micro behaviours,is proposed: equality between urban citizens, individualisation, relative urbanity and urban planning regulation.Two other scalar correlation theories of spatial relations description are also tested. One,called ‘micromeso’, is based on Roger Barker’s behaviour setting theory. It states thatproxemical behaviours are correlated with intermediate units related to a specific placeand time such as ‘the subway at peak hours’. The other theory, called ‘micro’, states thatany form of scalar correlation is an ecological fallacy. Accordingly, the description processhas to remain at the very level of physical distance relations between individuals.These different theories are tested empirically in Delhi, Los Angeles, Paris and Tokyowhich all answer differently to the macro orientations of the micromacro theory. Behaviours inside the metro and outside of it are observed (micromeso theory). In each condition, similar levels of spatial competition for places are taken into consideration (micro theory).The results lead to conclude that traffic relations between pedestrians are best describedwhen considered cumulatively as micro > micromeso > micromacro by order of efficiency. Eventually, I defend the thesis that urban dwellers should debate of traffic relationshipsmicro conditions improvements rather than focusing on micromacro and micromeso explanations of the networks breakdowns which can be found for instance in the competition promoted between individuals on civil behaviours
Borestel-Lill, Jessica. "Essai sur une théorie relationnelle du contrat". Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010281.
Texto completoRoux, Bernard. "Une approche relationnelle des automates et de l'ordonnancement". Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10255.
Texto completoBianco, Alessandro. "Le contrat de franchise : contribution à une analyse relationnelle". Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT3012.
Texto completoThe franchise agreement organizes the transmission of trade secrets and business plans. Given the complex nature of this performance , the contracting parties over time become true partners , so that the franchise agreement acquires a relational dimension. Despite the existence of a relational dimension, French contract law still rule the franchise agreement using the standard cognitive model offered by classic contract theory. Such an approach risks ignoring the real problems that partners can meet , which may lead to the application of inappropriate solutions. The proposal for a relational analysis aims to reduce such a risk. Based largely on the work of the North American contract law doctrine , the relational analysis is attracting more and more French scholars especially because the proposed arguments follow the French legal system's evolution. The relational analysis allows us to understand the franchise agreement's context and propose solutions in harmony with the needs and concerns of contractual partners
Ah-Pine, Julien. "Sur des aspects algébriques et combinatoires de l'analyse relationnelle : applications en classification automatique, en théorie du choix social et en théorie des tresses". Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066552.
Texto completoKamning, Kamwa Pascaline. "La socialisation organisationnelle des salariés : une approche relationnelle". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30029.
Texto completoWork in organizational socialization (OS) over the past five decades has focused more on theorganizational (Van Maanen and Schein, 1979), individual (Louis, 1980) and interactionist approach(Reichers, 1987). As for the relational approach, some research has considered relations with socializingagents, as a source of information for new employees (NE) (Bauer and Green, 1998; Morrison, 1993),and rarely as a "relation". which supposes a dynamic, and to a certain extent a reciprocity between theactors (Coyle-Shapiro, and Shore, 2008). New employee relationships play a key role in NE socialization,not only for the information they provide (Ostroff and Kozlowski, 1992), but also as a primary source ofsocial support (Bauer and Green, 1998). However, work relationships can make the process of OSstressful and difficult (Kammeyer-Mueller et al. 2013, Lapointe, 2013). We fit our research into thisapproach, and we aim to understand the role of labor relations in new employee socialization and itsconsequences. Therefore, we use the psychological contract (Rousseau, 1989) and the theory of resourceconservation (Hobfoll, 1989) to understand the reciprocal expectations and obligations in the context oflabor relations, and the consequences in terms of gain or loss of resources. The qualitative approachbased on a multiple case study allows us to answer our research questions. Thus, we selected five businesscases in the Cameroonian context and conducted semi-structured interviews with 69 new recruits, and 8organizational representatives. Data analysis was done through thematic content analysis (Miles andHuberman, 2003) using NVIVO 12 software. The results reveal that work / non-work relationships ortheir absence lead to accumulation or loss of personal, relational, and organizational resources. Spiritualresources seem inexhaustible and very useful in the context of loss of resources for NE. The contributionsof our thesis mainly lie in highlighting a typology of new socialized employees and the dynamics of theresources they mobilize in labor relations
Echchakoui, Said. "Conception du système de contrôle de la force de vente dans une perspective relationnelle validation contextuelle". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/373.
Texto completoSoares, de oliveira neto João. "Villes Intelligentes Inclusives : théorie et outils pour améliorer l'expérience des personnes en situation d’handicap dans l’espace urbain". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC106/document.
Texto completoCities have used technologies in anumber of areas to improve the delivery ofpublic services, meet the demands ofcitizens, and measure the consumption ofnatural resources. Known as Smart Cities,these initiatives aim to improve the qualityof life of citizens and have already had apositive impact on how citizens interactwith urban spaces, services and with eachother. On the other hand, urban spaces canbe considered as a threat to theindependence and autonomy of people withdisabilities. We used a multi-instrumentapproach to collect data from differentstakeholders - people with disabilities,professionals working with people withdisabilities, accessibility experts and policymakers - to understand the barriers faced bypeople with disabilities. We first developeda definition of the Smart Inclusive City, aswell as proposed tools to supportpractitioners and researchers engaged in thedevelopment of digital assistivetechnologies: an implementation andoperation methodology, a conceptual model,a business model, and a system architectureare proposed in this thesis
Conde, Cespedes Patricia. "Modélisations et extensions du formalisme de l'analyse relationnelle mathématique à la modularisation des grands graphes". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066654.
Texto completoGraphs are the mathematical representation of networks. Since a graph is a special type of binary relation, graph clustering (or modularization), can be mathematically modelled using the Mathematical Relational analysis. This modelling allows to compare numerous graph clustering criteria on the same type of formal representation. We give through a relational coding, the way of comparing different modularization criteria such as: Newman-Girvan, Zahn-Condorcet, Owsinski-Zadrozny, Demaine-Immorlica, Wei-Cheng, Profile Difference et Michalski-Goldberg. We introduce three modularization criteria: the Balanced Modularity, the deviation to Indetermination and the deviation to Uniformity. We identify the properties verified by those criteria and for some of those criteria, specially linear criteria, we characterize the partitions obtained by the optimization of these criteria. The final goal is to facilitate their understanding and their usefulness in some practical contexts, where their purposes become easily interpretable and understandable. Our results are tested by modularizing real networks of different sizes with the generalized Louvain algorithm
Arsenault, Camus Julie. "The Scarlet Letter de Nathaniel Hawthorne traduit dans l’espace culturel de langue française (1850-1979)". Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030108.
Texto completoThis study aims to analyze the manner in which the puritan illusio, as illustrated by Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter, is conveyed in the eleven French translations of the novel. The adopted approach is Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory adapted to translation. The approach offers the significant advantage of providing a theoretical framework that allows not only an external analysis, but also an internal analysis of the conditions in which the source text and the target texts were produced and therefore combine the source approach with the target approach. The external analysis lies on the study of the source and the target literary spaces as well as the target literary field, the author and the translators’ habitus, the publishers’ practices; a study that involves field work. As for the internal analysis, it is established from a contrastive analysis of each translation that aims to establish the extent to which the puritan illusio is re-contextualized and re-historicized in the target texts. This analysis is based on the list of Antoine Berman’s “deforming tendencies” that were observed in the fifty selected excerpts and that are mainly studied through a lexical analysis. The text analysis is systemic since it takes into account the links between the different target texts and the source text as well as those that exist between the various target texts. Researches carried out in the fields of translation studies and the history of book publishing as well as the critical discourse on Hawthorne support and complete this study
Wajnberg, Mickaël. "Analyse relationnelle de concepts : une méthode polyvalente pour l'extraction de connaissances". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0136.
Texto completoAt a time where data, often interpreted as "ground truth", are produced in gigantic quantities, a need for understanding and interpretability emerges in parallel. Dataset are nowadays mainly relational, therefore developping methods that allows relevant information extraction describing both objects and relation among them is a necessity. Association rules, along with their support and confidence metrics, describe co-occurrences of object features, hence explicitly express and evaluate any information contained in a dataset. In this thesis, we present and develop the relational concept analysis approach to extract the association rules that translate objects proper features along with the links with sets of objects. A first part present the mathematical part of the method, while a second part highlights three case studies to assess the pertinence of such a development. Case studies cover various domains to demonstrate the method polyvalence: the first case deals with error analysis in industrial production, the second covers psycholinguistics for dictionary analysis and the last one shows the method application in knowledge engineering
Lak, Zishad. "Noms et déplacements : étude de l’espace-temps dans les romans autochtones, canadiens et québécois du XXIe siècle". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40676.
Texto completoRouby, Ravera Evelyne. "Contribution à une relecture de la théorie de l'agence : une approche relationnelle du contrôle des dirigeants des grandes sociétés par actions". Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0001.
Texto completoSavoie, Patrick. "Une criminologie pragmatique de la vie privée : articulations d'hybrides dans un espace numérique relationnel". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38244.
Texto completoMarzi, Eleonora. "Le double entre l’espace et le temps : une « constellation thématique » autour des théories d’Einstein". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL011.
Texto completoIn 1916 Albert Einstein formulated the theory of relativity, a great XX century scientific revolution, which will have repercussions affecting all areas of human knowledge. The aim of our study is to draw a framework of the existing relations between European literature and the theory of relativity, about the interaction of their two languages and the exchange of their images. If science and literature interact to each other, they do so within an atmosphere, the spirit of the times. The two disciplines take their images and their themes from a common ground: they thus become the expression of an era and at the same time the source from which the era nourishes itself. The dialogue between science and literature is reflected in our methodology: the paradox of twins, which Einstein uses to explain spatio-temporal deformation, is transformed in the double theme from which a European corpus was selected. Then, we proceeded to an analysis on two levels, the one narratological and the other symbolic. For the first level, we have focused on space-time double relation, discovering how the two are interlaced and how space-time is not limited to assuming a decor function. For the second level of analysis we have borrowed certain images used by Einstein in his popularization texts, such as train and light, to build a critical grid that we have called the “Einsteinian constellation”. Thanks to this grid of symbols, which is superimposed on that of narratology, we can see that the elements evoked by Einstein transform into literature while retaining all their scientific value. From our analysis results a framework where scientific elements and fiction texts intertwine in the expression of the spirit of the time. Scientific relativity finds its counterpart in literary relativity
Moradinejad, Reza. "Le rôle de l'économie en droit du contrat". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GREND006.
Texto completoThe present study aims to show how the objectives defined by the economic science may contribute to the evolution of the contract law. First, it shows why and how the conception of contract should be changed following the evolution of economic theories. We demonstrate that the contract, as a legal framework for the economical relations, may fulfil its principal function, which is to assure the efficiency of the economic relations, only if its conception is based on the economic findings. Thus, we propose a new conception which is based on the relational approach to contract. Then, we will show how the quest for social justice has changed the conception of contractual justice. The direction of this evolution is, on the one hand, from indifference of law regarding the contractual balance towards the direct or indirect interventions, and, in the other hand, from commutative justice in one isolated contract to the promotion of social justice by intervening in the contractual relations
Martinent, Guillaume. "Une modélisation du processus émotionnel pendant les matchs de compétition en tennis de table : un regard nouveau sur la théorie relationnelle cognitive motivationnelle des émotions de Lazarus". Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10289.
Texto completoThe main aim of this doctoral dissertation was a better understanding of the emotional process (the emotional determinants to the emotional consequences on sporting performance) that takes place for regional and national table tennis players during their matches in a competitive context. For our study we filmed the participants in competitive situations and noted the participants’ comments during retrospective interviews. These comments referred to the nature of emotions experienced by table tennis players, the cognitive appraisal of the emotional situation, the strategies of emotional regulation used, and the directional interpretation of their emotions. The comments of the participants were analysed by quantitative and qualitative means. The quantitative analysis enabled characterization of the number, nature, duration, direction and co-occurrence of emotions experienced by participants during a competition. Moreover, results suggested that non-punctual emotions, compared to punctual emotions, have a more important impact on the performance of table tennis players. Qualitative analysis (i. E. , grounded theory) showed: (1) the cognitive contents of the appraisal process of per-competitive specific emotions, (2) the characteristics (nature, perceived effectiveness) of the emotional regulation process during competition, (3) the contents of the directional interpretation of per-competitive specific emotions, and (4) the emotional process of each of the per-competitive specific emotions experienced by participants (identification of the concepts and their relationships)
Slimane, Mohammed. "Le langage des gractes et son usage fondamental en algèbre en logique et dans la théorie des bases de données relationnelles". Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05S008.
Texto completoMoussa, Sondes. "L'évaluation de la gestion de la réclamation et son impact sur la qualité relationnelle perçue par le consommateur. Cas du secteur touristique". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30101.
Texto completoThe tourist sector is suffering more and more from the departure of the unsatisfied customers after experienced service failures. Several services companies, still attach, few importance to complaint handling because of financial funds needed. However, an efficient complaint handling management could transform a dissatisfied customer to a more confident and committed customer. Our research was interested in the identification of the appraisal criteria on which claimants base to judge complaint handling and the impact of this evaluation on the quality of the relationship established with the tourist establishment. Consequently, a qualitative study followed by a quantitative study has been accomplished. After examining the literature review, we focused on the perceived justice theory to evaluate the complaint handling. Besides, we used trust and commitment dimensions as a criteria of judgment of the perceived relationship quality (Morgan et Hunt, 1994).The outcomes of our study show the existence of a positive significant impact of some criteria of the perceived justice (considered by consumers as the most important), on recovery satisfaction and perceived relationship quality. These criteria are mainly equity of the result provided by the establishment (Ex. Compensation provided), empathy and politeness developed by the front line staff, and the quickness of the complaint treatment
Khnaisser, Christina. "Méthode de construction d'entrepôt de données temporalisé pour un système informationnel de santé". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8386.
Texto completoMouaddib, Noureddine. "Gestion des informations nuancées : une proposition de modèle et de méthode pour l'identification nuancée d'un phénomène". Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10475.
Texto completoOsman, Guedi Abdoulkader. "Évolution et transformation automatisée de modèles de systèmes d’information : une approche guidée par l’analyse formelle de concepts et l’analyse relationnelle de concepts". Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20239/document.
Texto completoThe rapidly changing needs among other things due to technical innovation, competition and regulation often leads to describe the context for the study of conceptual models in information systems to facilitate the evolution of operating systems. The development of these models is carried out in several phases during which several working teams of different nature, providing each participant's perception of the system to be built is limited to the part of his area of specialization. It must then reconcile the different perceptions.The main objective of the thesis is to design mechanisms to obtain a share of the model factoring concepts common to several models and, secondly, to provide designers with a methodology for monitoring the evolution of factorization.To perform the factorization, we have implemented the Formal Concept Analysis and Relational Concepts Analysis (RCA), which are methods of analysis based on the theory of lattice data. In a set of entities described by features, both methods extract formal concepts that combine a maximum of entities to a maximum set of shared characteristics together. These formal concepts are structured in a partial order of specialization that provides with a lattice structure.The CRA can complement the description of the entities by relationships between entities.The first contribution of the thesis is a textbf {method a model for analyzing the evolution of the factorization based on the FCA and the RCA}. This method builds the capacity of the AFC and the CRA to emerge in a model of thematic abstractions higher level, improving semantic models. We show that these methods can also be used to monitor the analytical process with stakeholders. We introduce metrics on the design elements and the concept lattices which are the basis for the development of recommendations. We conduct an experiment in which we study the evolution of the 15 versions of the model class of information-Pesticides EIS system.The second contribution of this thesis is a textbf {depth study of the behavior of the RCA on UML models.} We show the influence of model structure on different variables studied (such as execution time and memory used) through several experiments on 15 versions of the EIS-Pesticides model. For this, we study several configurations (choice of elements and relations in the meta-model) and several parameters (choice of using unnamed elements, choice of using airworthiness). Metrics are introduced to guide the designer in managing the process of factoring and recommendations on the preferred configurations and settings are made.The last contribution is a textbf {approach to inter-model factorization} to group in a model all the concepts common to different source models designed by different experts. In addition to the consolidation of common concepts, this analysis produces new abstractions generalizing existing thematic concepts. We apply our approach on 15 versions of the model EIS-Pesticides.All this work is part of a research framework which aims to factor thematic concepts within a model and control metrics by the profusion of concepts produced by the FCA and especially by RCA
Chetouani, Lyazid. "Etude d'une interaction N-N matricielle, non locale séparable, et application à la photodésintégration du deutéron : développement d'un potentiel local en séries de potentiels non-locaux, séparablesEtude de deux alternatives à la mécanique quantique standard : les formalismes des intégrales fonctionnelles et de l’espace des phases de Weyl". Mulhouse, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MULH0010.
Texto completoLabescat, Gil. "La ritualisation dans la trajectoire du mourir : l'action rituelle funéraire : enquête sur la crémation France-Québec". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG010/document.
Texto completoThis doctoral thesis aims to understand the specific ritual burial practices in the early twenty-first century. The classic ritual analyses (structural-functionalist and interactionist) led us to focus on the ritual process rather than on the ritual itself, so we adopted a ritual action perspective. To reduce the focus on the social reality studied, we posit that among the various transformations of funerals, the phenomenon of cremation is a gateway to understand this specificity. This thesis has two objectives: 1) The first is descriptive. In the path of dying, from a relational understanding, we explored the funeral process, notably the cremation, as a mode of body transformation as an operational chain of dying. Our data was collected through the method of observing participation in funeral practices. The phenomenon of cremation, as a practice combining the attributes of the recent funeral evolution from the 1980s, led to our selection of a diverse sample in two sociocultural contexts (France and Quebec) and two cities (Strasbourg and Montreal) where the cremation rate is historically high. 2) The second objective is to understand the burial ritual from this data, focusing on the ritual surrounding the funeral process, while explaining the setting, form and act of social relations. In addition to a socio-anthropological reading of the organisation of the contextual relations behind ritual, a psychosocial reading completes the interpretation of the ritual actions. Our comprehension of funerary rituals shows the complexity of this social practice. In one hand as actions, through interpersonal relations, appeal to reflexive resources (enabling) and allow the reduction of dissonant state caused by death. On the other hand, as actions surrounding the rules of the social system. This new data on the preponderance of these relational features within the current funeral rituals, aims to understand both the diversification of funeral practices and their standardisation
Tang, Minh Dung. "Une étude didactique des praxéologies de la représentation en perspective dans la géométrie de l'espace, en France et au Viêt-Nam". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM033/document.
Texto completoPerspective representation is based on several choices for teaching: mode of representation, code writing and reading to fill the information loss in the passage of three-dimensional object to two-dimensional object, approach to teaching the passage of a geometry object in space to a drawing. Our study poses questions for the choices in French and Vietnamese educational systems and their effects on student studying. By using the anthropological theory of didactics, we studied the institutional relation and personal relation of French and Vietnamese students for "perspective representation" object. For the first objective (institutional relation), we characterized the modes of representation and approaches mathematics, then we established the praxeologies of reference on the "perspective representation" object. The technologies and theories of the praxeologies are based on perspective representation's rules of drawings (rules of conservation and non-conservation, rules of the third dimension, rules for a "well informed" drawing) that we explicited. By applying the model of reference to analyze the programs and textbooks, we clarified the specific points of teaching the perspective representation in France and Vietnam. Finally, we established hypotheses about the implicit rules of the didactic contract, as the constituents of technologies of personal praxeologies, of perspective representation. These rules are based on the third dimension and specific to certain solids. For the second objective (personal relation), we designed a questionnaire for the students on a task type so-called reading a drawing. The questionnaire is used to check the mentioned hypotheses and to clarify the personal praxeologies of the passage from a geometric object in space to a drawing (personal technology / theory)
Ruoppolo, Domenico. "Relational graph models and Morris's observability : resource-sensitive semantic investigations on the untyped λ-calculus". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD069/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is a contribution to the study of Church’s untyped λ-calculus, a term rewritingsystem having the β-reduction (the formal counterpart of the idea of execution of programs) asmain rule. The focus is on denotational semantics, namely the investigation of mathematical models of the λ-calculus giving the same denotation to β-convertible λ-terms. We investigate relational semantics, a resource-sensitive semantics interpreting λ-terms as relations,with their inputs grouped together in multisets. We define a large class of relational models,called relational graph models (rgm’s), and we study them in a type/proof-theoretical way, using some non-idempotent intersection type systems. Firstly, we find the minimal and maximal λ-theories (equational theories extending -conversion) represented by the class.Then we use rgm’s to solve the full abstraction problem for Morris’s observational λ-theory,the contextual equivalence of programs that one gets by taking the β-normal forms asobservable outputs. We solve the problem in different ways. Through a type-theoretical characterization of β-normalizability, we find infinitely many fully abstract rgm’s, that wecall uniformly bottomless.We then give an exhaustive answer to the problem, by showing thatan rgm is fully abstract for Morris’s observability if and only if it is extensional (a model of ŋ-conversion) and λ-König. Intuitively an rgm is λ-König when every infinite computable tree has an infinite branch witnessed by some type of the model, where the witnessing is a property of non-well-foundedness on the type
Finski, Siarhei. "On some problems of holomorphic analytic torsion". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/FINSKI_Siarhei_va.pdf.
Texto completoIn the first context, we study the asymptotics of the analytic torsion, when a Hermitian holomorphic vector bundle is twisted by an increasing power of a positive line bundle. In the second context, we generalize the theory of analytic torsion for surfaces with hyperbolic cusps. Motivated by singularities appearing in complete metrics of constant scalar curvature -1 on stable Riemann surfaces, we suppose that the metric on the surface is smooth outside a finite number points in the neighborhood of which it can to have singularities like Poincaré metric has on a punctured disc. We fix a Hermitian holomorphic vector bundle which has at worst logarithmic singularities in the neighborhood of the marked points. For these data, by renormalizing the trace of the heat operator, we construct the analytic torsion and study its properties. Then we study the properties of the analytic torsion in family setting: we prove the curvature theorem, we study the behavior of the analytic torsion when the cusps are created by degeneration and we give some applications to the moduli spaces of pointed curves
Ounis, Iadh. "Un modèle d'indexation relationnel pour les graphes conceptuels fondé sur une interprétation logique". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004902.
Texto completoDarwiche, Ahmad. "De nouveaux théorèmes limites sur les extrêmes et les systèmes dynamiques". Thesis, Littoral, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020DUNK0572.
Texto completoIn this PhD thesis, we establish some limit theorems in Extreme Value Theory and on dynamical systems. This thesis is divided into two parts. The first one deals with extremes of a sequence which does not satisfy the classical properties appearing in Extreme Value Theory. The sequence is generated by a random walk in random scenery. We establish a limit theorem on the point process of exceedances and we make explicit the extremal index. Some mixing properties are also discussed. The second part of this thesis deals with almost sure convergence of various ergodic averages with weights (the weights can be random or deterministic) and is based on new techniques to provide rates of convergence. Our techniques are based on a work due to Móricz dealing with sums of random variables. The same technique allows us to establish results on the rates of convergence for the strong law of large numbers. Then we state several properties for the point convergence of weighted unilateral Hilbert transform
Boittiaux-Zidani, Jacqueline. "Décompositions d'une relation". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Grenoble 1, 1986. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00320987.
Texto completoBerrier-Lucas, Céline. "Emergence de la dimension environnementale de la RSE : une étude historique franco-québécoise d'EDF et d'Hydro-Québec". Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090039/document.
Texto completoThis dissertation studies the environmental dimension of CSR. Current issues raised by sustainability need to deconstruct the concept of CSR to reveal the underlying structure of the Business & Society academic field. Through historical and comparative approaches, this research follows the trail that socio-Environmental issues leave in the controversies they deploy, in the relationships they forge and in compromises they establish with human and non-Humans through the construction of four energy facilities in France (Tignes’ hydroelectric dam and La Rance’ tidal power plant) and Quebec (Bersimis’ hydroelectric dam and Gentilly’ nuclear plant) during the 1945th until the 1970th. In the line of work that develop non dichotomous understanding of the nature and culture by taking the refusal of Modern ontology (Latour; Descola; Gladwin, Kennely and Krause, and Banerjee etc.) as a base, it sheds light on associations/dissociations performed within heterogeneous group of allies and revisits "environmental turn" thanks to the precise analysis of the work of the founding father of CSR, Howard R. Bowen Social Responsibilities of the Businessman (1953), illuminating its theoretical legacies. This research aims at making three contributions. First, it refines the "naturalistic" approach or "Modern" in two empirical and cognitive perspectives and two modes of relating to collective: realism and nominalism. Then it entered the literature of CSR into the Modern ontology by showing theoretical legacies in wilderness conservation. Finally, it mobilizes the Amodern approach to analyze the socio-Environmental issues, and proposes an alternative understanding of CSR based on a dynamic and relational view of responsibility where the traditional boundaries of the business environment are broken in favor of socio-Environmental networks
Crespin, Ludwig. "Redécouvrir la conscience par le rêve : le débat entre théories cognitives et théories non cognitives de la conscience à l’épreuve de la recherche sur le rêve". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF20014/document.
Texto completoIn 1995, the American philosopher Ned Block proposed to distinguish between two notions of consciousness: “Access-consciousness” and “Phenomenal-consciousness”. “P-consciousness” is experience: it refers to what it is like to be in a certain mental state. “Aconsciousness” is a purely functional notion. A mental state is A-conscious when it allows the subject to cognitively control its reasoning, speech and action. Since 1995, Block supports the controversial hypothesis according to which conscious experience overflows our cognitive access to it. The main goal of this work is to assess this hypothesis from the point of view of scientific research on dreaming. This PhD dissertation makes the three following points : 1. Assuming there is a continuity between waking and dreaming memory, one can objectively verify that dreams are conscious experiences that occur during sleep relying on the canonical criterion of reportability. Indeed, many studies show that subjects can report on a dream content that unequivocally reflects a stimulus that has occurred more than one minute before awakening – which couldn’t be had this dream content been unconsciously processed. Considering that sleeping involves a severe deactivation of the frontal areas of the brain, especially of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DlPFC), this result seems to call into question the global neuronal workspace theory of consciousness. Indeed, according to this theory the activation of these very areas is a necessary condition for a conscious perception to occur(Dehaene & Naccache, 2001; Dehaene et al, 2006). 2. There is no way though to demonstrate scientifically that dreams are conscious experiences of the sleeper without implying they were noticed during sleep, which, in turn, implies an elementary level of access. Still, certain cognitive disorders of our dreaming consciousness, such as change blindness, suggest that, due to a severe weakness of working memory, noticing an experience during sleep might not suffice to constitute a genuine cognitive access to it. The well-known phenomenon called “identity-appearance dissociation” (Schwartz, 1999) also suggests that dreaming experiences that are reportable on awakening might not always be poised for cognitive control in the dream. 3. Once the reality of conscious experiences during sleep is objectively established relying on the criterion of reportability, it becomes possible – again under the assumption of continuity - to empirically infer the existence of dreaming experiences that the subject cannot report. The following question then arises: are these experiences, which can be seen as a form of unconscious mental life, access-conscious? Finally, and more generally, we show that the results of dreaming research offer a vantage point both to call into question the notion that conscious experience is necessarily reportable and to support the concept of modularity of our conscious selves (Nagel, 1971; Gazzaniga,1985) that underlies Block’s overflow hypothesis (Block, 1995, 1997)
Prentovic, Sonja. "Youth Microcultures as Consumption Domains : Managing Spatial Vulnerability". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2024.
Texto completoConsumer research oriented on empowering consumer practices in marginalized spaces is rarely focused on those living in deprived neighbourhoods. The recent concept of spatial vulnerability introduces an approach to understand the practices of "vulnerable" consumers through the analysis of spaces of their creativity and alternative access to consumption. By conducting a multisite ethnography in two deprived neighbourhoods in Lyon agglomeration, our dissertation examines the meaning of microcultures of young consumers from these neighbourhoods in managing spatial vulnerability. Our data show that adolescents’ collective coping strategies are both supported by and dependent on local socio-educational institutions. The institutional dependence has a double meaning – i.e. as an indicator of consumption inadequacy, and as a source of creative resistance to spatial vulnerability and of alternative consumption. From the theoretical perspective, we complete an understanding of consumer vulnerability and their coping strategies through the resource-control interplay by adding to it a collective level of consumers’ resources and control of vulnerability. Through our study context we extend the concept of consumption inadequacy by introducing a persistent lack of access to cultural experiences, thus reflecting social deprivation and the potential way towards social and market exclusion. Our dissertation also provides a guidance for future research and offer recommendations for public policy interventions and cultural institutions actions
Hurst, Jerome. "Ultrafast spin dynamics in ferromagnetic thin films". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAE004/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis we focus on the theoritical description and on the numerical simulation of the charge and spin dynamics in metallic nano-structures. The physics of metallic nano-structures has stimulated a huge amount of scientific interest in the last two decades, both for fundamental research and for potential technological applications. The thesis is divided in two parts. In the first part we use a semiclassical phase-space model to study the ultrafast charge and spin dynamics in thin ferromagnetic films (Nickel). Both itinerant and localized magnetism are taken into account. It is shown that an oscillating spin current can be generated in the film via the application of a femtosecond laser pulse in the visible range. In the second part we focus on the charge dynamics of electrons confined in metallic nano-particles (Gold) or anisotropic wells. We show that such systems can be used for high harmonic generation
Herfray, Yannick. "New Avenues for Einstein's Gravity : from Penrose's Twistors to Hitchin's Three-Forms". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN060/document.
Texto completoIn this thesis we take Einstein theory in dimension four seriously, and explore the special aspects of gravity in this number of dimension.Among the many surprising features in dimension four, one of them is the possibility of `Chiral formulations of gravity' - they are surprising as they typically do not rely on a metric. Another is the existence of the Twistor correspondence. The Chiral and Twistor formulations might seems different in nature. In the first part of this thesis we demonstrate that they are in fact closely related. In particular we give a new proof for Penrose's `non-linear graviton theorem' that relies on the geometry of SU(2)-connections only (rather than on metric).In the second part of this thesis we describe partial results towards encoding the full GR in the total space of some fibre bundle over space-time. We indeed show that gravity theory in three and four dimensions can be related to theories of a completely different nature in six and seven dimension respectively. This theories, first advertised by Hitchin, are diffeomorphism invariant theories of differential three-forms.Starting with seven dimensions, we are only partially succesfull: the resulting theory is some deformed version of gravity. We however found that solutions to a particular gravity theory in four dimension have a seven dimensional interpretation as G2 holonomy manifold. On the other hand by going from six to three dimension we do recover three dimensional gravity. As a bonus, we describe new diffeomorphism invariant functionnals for differential forms in six dimension and prove that two of them are topological
Duong, Huu Tuyen. "Impact du recours à un prestataire de services logistiques sur la perception de la performance logistique : le cas des industries alimentaires au Vietnam". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2001.
Texto completoResource and competence theory is applied to multiple fields and countries. It seems pertinent to infer a possible use to the management of supply chains to better understand the operation. This is the goal of this thesis by questioning the nature of resources and logistic expertise in the hands of logistics service providers (LSP), and how they are mobilized as part of a maneuver integration of the supply chain between industrial and PSL to improve logistics performance perceived by the industry. The conceptual framework developed in the thesis is based therefore on both the resource and competence theory and in-depth analysis of the supply chain integration process. By relying on an extensive literature review, we build a model based on five research proposals relating to the relationship between supply chain integration and perceived logistics performance, which also involves the innovation capacity that can demonstrate LSP. A questionnaire survey was conducted in Vietnam with the participation of 139 food actors. The main results of the research can be summarized in two points. On the one hand, the integration of resources and logistics expertise between industrial and LSP impacts heavily on logistics performance perceived by the industrial. On the other hand, the innovation capacity constitutes for the LSP an important resource, which can have a significant impact on logistics performance perceived by the industrial
Nica, Cristina. "Exploring sequential data with relational concept analysis". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD032/document.
Texto completoMany sequential pattern mining methods have been proposed to discover useful patterns that describe the analysed sequential data. Several of these works have focused on efficiently enumerating all closed partially-ordered patterns (cpo-patterns), that makes their evaluation a laboured task for experts since their number can be large. To address this issue, we propose a new approach, that is to directly extract multilevel cpo-patterns implicitly organised into a hierarchy. To this end, we devise an original method within the Relational Concept Analysis (RCA) framework, referred to as RCA-SEQ, that exploits the structure and properties of the lattices from the RCA output. RCA-SEQ spans five steps: the preprocessing of the raw data; the RCA-based exploration of the preprocessed data; the automatic extraction of a hierarchy of multilevel cpo-patterns by navigating the lattices from the RCA output; the selection of relevant multilevel cpo-patterns; the pattern evaluation done by experts
Eddial, Hajar. "Déploiement de la qualité de vie au travail chez les sous-traitants des grands-groupes". Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020045.
Texto completoThe quality of work life is an HR trend, frequently discussed in uncertain situations to deal with change. It can be defined as a multitude of positive connections that create better professional and interprofessional relationships. The action on quality of work life allows better relation between contractors and subcontractors which result in better performance. How donors of orders manage to deploy quality of work life among their subcontractors? The answer is the thread of the empirical exploration. Indeed, a pilot case study with the Orange group helps develop the difficulties of deployment. This thesis offers solutions including a theoretical model based on a through exchange with Orange and its partners which present a simplified implementation with the active participation of subcontractors.Two other complementary case studies help to deepen the expectations of subcontractors and objectives of contractors. The results show that through the theory of relational coordination, contractors could ( instead of deploying the quality of work life ), co- build and involve subcontractors in the implementation of the different approaches allowing the establishment of positive relationships at work and that both partners should aim to Orientation Knowledge Management
Anouboussi, Joseph. "Mécanisme réputationnel, traitement de l'asymétrie informationnelle et efficience de l'allocation du crédit : le cas des Institutions Bancaires Formelles et des Institutions Bancaires Décentralisées en période de post-libéralisation financière au Cameroun". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO22001.
Texto completoThis thesis focusses on the problematic of the efficiency of intermediate finance on the economic growth and development processes. It concerned, on one hand, the resolution of inefficiency problems resulting from the presence of asymmetric information and uncertainty involved credit markets when reputational mechanisms implemented through banks-borrowers long-term relationships are used and, on the other hand, the conditions in which these mechanisms could emerged and expanded, in particular in a developing country such as Cameroon.The thesis thus has, at the same time, conceptual, empirical and normative purpose First of all, we tried to enrich the theoretical debate about relevance and interest of the reputational mechanism relating banking intermediation process. We show that, while in the models of agency where judicial penalties and pressures mechanisms are often ineffective and expensive, only the auto-enforceable character of the reputational mechanism is enough to guarantee its efficacious functioning. Furthermore, for us, the reputational mechanism seems better to reconcile the two usual opposite conceptions of agents behaviors that are homoeconomicus and homosociologicus. Therefore, this mechanism might constitute an interesting analysis framework for modeling banking behavior, in particular in the context of African economies where uncertainties remain aggravated and where much more economic rationalities based on the values prevail.Secondly, our statistical survey issues clearly shows that in Cameroon, with regard to decentralized financial institutions (DFIs) like Microfinance unities, formal financial institutions (FFI) seem to attach less importance to reputational practices in their capital allowance behaviour, especially to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This is likely to provide a better explanation of the differential micro-economic performance, situated here to the advantage of DFI.Finally, the same above mentioned survey strongly reveal the existence of many both internal and external factors preventing both categories of banks in a better consideration of reputational mechanisms. We then proposed axes or lines of reflection, formulated and justified a set of corporate, institutional and regulatory associated recommendations. This with the aim to build a more reliable and more solid Cameroonian banking system by inciting banks to better integrate reputational practices in their judgment of granting credits to borrowers
Casteigts, Michel. "Le management territorial stratégique. De la territorialisation en général et des territoires en particulier. L’aménagement de l’espace Aménagement du territoire Les réseaux territoriaux de savoirs Le design organisationnel territorial: le territoire comme organisation : biens collectifs, économies externes et compétitivité Le management territorial stratégique Transports urbains; la gouvernance territoriale face aux défis du développement durable La gouvernance urbaine entre science et idéologie Processus de territorialisation de l'espace Transactions interculturelles et intégration territoriale: le cas du Pays Basque Mythes métropolitains et territorialités urbaines dans le processus de globalisation: un repérage critique Quelques enjeux interculturels de la mondialisation, autour des notions de proximité, d'identité et de territoire Les paradoxes de l'équité territoriale L'invention stratégique du territoire, entre projets, transactions et conventions". Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU2070.
Texto completoThe territory is a socially constructed apparatus and not a transcendental entity. Understanding the territorial phenomena requires to identify the mechanisms of this construction. The purpose of this thesis is to describe these territorialization processes, in a comparative approach to uncover the central figure of strategic territorial management, an ideal-typical configuration of collective action that appears when mechanisms legally instituted impede the territorial expression of strong societal dynamics.Strategic territorial management, the emergence of which is closely correlated with that of sustainable development, combines the territory as a regulatory framework, knowledge sharing as a cognitive principle, cooperation as an operational organization and governance as a decision-making process. In this context, the creation of the territory involves project based dynamics on transactional approaches and conventional logics
Loubier, Éloïse. "Analyse et visualisation de données relationnelles par morphing de graphe prenant en compte la dimension temporelle". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2264/.
Texto completoWith word wide exchanges, companies must face increasingly strong competition and masses of information flows. They have to remain continuously informed about innovations, competition strategies and markets and at the same time they have to keep the control of their environment. The Internet development and globalization reinforced this requirement and on the other hand provided means to collect information. Once summarized and synthesized, information generally is under a relational form. To analyze such a data, graph visualization brings a relevant mean to users to interpret a form of knowledge which would have been difficult to understand otherwise. The research we have carried out results in designing graphical techniques that allow understanding human activities, their interactions but also their evolution, from the decisional point of view. We also designed a tool that combines ease of use and analysis precision. It is based on two types of complementary visualizations: statics and dynamics. The static aspect of our visualization model rests on a representation space in which the precepts of the graph theory are applied. Specific semiologies such as the choice of representation forms, granularity, and significant colors allow better and precise visualizations of the data set. The user being a core component of our model, our work rests on the specification of new types of functionalities, which support the detection and the analysis of graph structures. We propose algorithms which make it possible to target the role of the data within the structure, to analyze their environment, such as the filtering tool, the k-core, and the transitivity, to go back to the documents, and to give focus on the structural specificities. One of the main characteristics of strategic data is their strong evolution. However the statistical analysis does not make it possible to study this component, to anticipate the incurred risks, to identify the origin of a trend, and to observe the actors or terms having a decisive role in the evolution structures. With regard to dynamic graphs, our major contribution is to represent relational and temporal data at the same time; which is called graph morphing. The objective is to emphasize the significant tendencies considering the representation of a graph that includes all the periods and then by carrying out an animation between successive visualizations of the graphs attached to each period. This process makes it possible to identify structures or events, to locate them temporally, and to make a predictive reading of it. Thus our contribution allows the representation of advanced information and more precisely the identification, the analysis, and the restitution of the underlying strategic structures which connect the actors of a domain, the key words, and the concepts they use; this considering the evolution feature