Artículos de revistas: "Thermoelectric tension"

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PLEVACHUK, YURIY, VASYL SKLYARCHUK, GERNOT POTTLACHER, THOMAS LEITNER, PETER ŠVEC SR., PETER ŠVEC, LUBOMIR OROVCIK, MARTA DUFANETS y ANDRIY YAKYMOVYCH. "The liquid AlCu4TiMg alloy: thermophysical and thermodynamic properties". High Temperatures-High Pressures 49, n.º 1-2 (2020): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32908/hthp.v49.847.

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In this study, some structure-sensitive thermophysical properties, namely, thermal conductivity, thermoelectric power, density and surface tension of liquid AlCu4TiMg alloy, as one of the most promising cast alloys to fabricate components for cars, aircraft and other complex engineering products, were investigated. Thermoelectric power was measured in a wide temperature range by the four-point contact method. Thermal conductivity was investigated by the steady-state concentric cylinder method. The oscillating drop technique combined with electromagnetic levitation was used for density and surface tension studies. The results obtained are compared with experimental and calculated data from literature for pure aluminum.

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Dobosz, A., Yu Plevachuk, V. Sklyarchuk, B. Sokoliuk y T. Gancarz. "The influence of Li on the thermophysical properties of liquid Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloys". Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics 30, n.º 20 (27 de septiembre de 2019): 18970–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-02254-4.

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Abstract The Ga–Li system is very attractive for the development of microelectronic and Li-ion cell applications as negative electrodes. In this study, thermophysical properties such as density, surface tension, viscosity, thermal and electrical conductivity, and thermoelectric power were investigated. Taking into account the intermetallic compounds occurring in Ga–Li, the measurements were conducted in a temperature range of 323–773 K. The experimentally obtained results revealed lower density and surface tension with increasing Li additions. The viscosity, electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power slightly reduced with the addition of Li content to eutectic Ga–Sn–Zn. The opposite was true of thermal conductivity, which increased slightly. The performed Nusselt number and Peclet number calculations for eutectic Ga–Sn–Zn with Li additions show similar dependency as found in literature data for Ga and Ga–In alloys.

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Li, Guodong, Qi An, Sergey I. Morozov, Bo Duan, Pengcheng Zhai, Qingjie Zhang, William A. Goddard III y G. Jeffrey Snyder. "Determining ideal strength and failure mechanism of thermoelectric CuInTe2 through quantum mechanics". Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, n.º 25 (2018): 11743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta03837f.

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Kumar, Pawan, Meenu Gupta y Vineet Kumar. "Microstructural analysis and multi response optimization of WEDM of Inconel 825 using RSM based desirability approach". Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 28, n.º 1 (1 de octubre de 2019): 39–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2019-0006.

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AbstractIncreasing demand of aerospace industry for more heat resistant and tough material have open up the possibility of the use of Inconel 825 for making of combustor casing and turbine blades. Because of its robust nature, Inconel 825 is a difficult-to-cut material with conventional methods. Wire-cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM), a non traditional method uses thermoelectric erosion principle to produce intricate shape and profiles of such difficult-to-cut material. In this study, various operating parameters of WEDM are optimized using desirability approach and microstructural behavior at optimum combinations was studied. Input parameters viz. pulse-on time, pulse-off time, peak current, spark gap voltage, wire tension, wire feed and performance has been measured in term of material removal rate, surface roughness and wire wear ratio. It has been observed that at 110 machine unit pulse-on time (Ton), 35 machine unit pulse-off time (Toff), 46 volt gap voltage (SV), 120 ampere peak current (IP), 11 machine unit wire tension (WT) and 5 m/min wire feed (WF), the values obtained for material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR) and wire wear ratio (WWR) were 27.691mm2/min, 2.721 μmand 0.117 respectively. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrograph and X-ray diffraction analysis has also been carried out to study the surface characterization. Comparatively less numbers of cracks, pockmarks, craters, and pulled out material were found on work specimen surface and wire electrode surface under standardized conditions, thus maintaining the surface integrity of the machined surface.

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Price, J. M. y F. R. Wilmoth. "Elevated body temperature and increased blood vessel sensitivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 258, n.º 4 (1 de abril de 1990): H946—H953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.4.h946.

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Body temperature (BT) was significantly greater in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) than in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats regardless of the time of day, length of rectal probe, sex, age, or commercial vendor. Bath temperature (theta) for excised aortic rings was controlled by a thermoelectric Peltier module with an accuracy of 0.1 degree C. At peak force in individual contractions of norepinephrine (NE) dose-response experiments, theta was changed from 37 to 39 degrees C. Active and resting wall tension (Tw) were increased, and the mean effective dose (ED50) was decreased in the SHR aorta with and without endothelium. For the WKY aorta, active and resting Tw were increased, but ED50 was the same with and without endothelium. These results were supported by experiments where theta was decreased from 39 to 37 degrees C and by experiments on Sprague-Dawley rats. Potassium dose-response experiments with aorta from SHR and WKY rats show an increase in sensitivity at 39 degrees C, but active Tw is the same at 39 and 37 degrees C. When compared at the BT of each rat, the NE ED50 was lower and resting Tw was higher in the SHR aorta than in the WKY aorta, but active Tw was the same.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Zou, Chunpeng, Chihou Lei, Daifeng Zou y Yunya Liu. "Uniaxial Tensile Strain Induced the Enhancement of Thermoelectric Properties in n-Type BiCuOCh (Ch = Se, S): A First Principles Study". Materials 13, n.º 7 (9 de abril de 2020): 1755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071755.

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It is well known that the performance of thermoelectric measured by figure of merit ZT linearly depends on electrical conductivity, while it is quadratic related to the Seebeck coefficient, and the improvement of Seebeck coefficient may reduce electrical conductivity. As a promising thermoelectric material, BiCuOCh (Ch = Se, S) possesses intrinsically low thermal conductivity, and comparing with its p-type counterpart, n-type BiCuOCh has superior electrical conductivity. Thus, a strategy for increasing Seebeck coefficient while almost maintaining electrical conductivity for enhancing thermoelectric properties of n-type BiCuOCh is highly desired. In this work, the effects of uniaxial tensile strain on the electronic structures and thermoelectric properties of n-type BiCuOCh are examined by using first-principles calculations combined with semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory. The results indicate that the Seebeck coefficient can be enhanced under uniaxial tensile strain, and the reduction of electrical conductivity is negligible. The enhancement is attributed to the increase in the slope of total density of states and the effective mass of electron, accompanied with the conduction band near Fermi level flatter along the Γ to Z direction under strain. Comparing with the unstrained counterpart, the power factor can be improved by 54% for n-type BiCuOSe, and 74% for n-type BiCuOS under a strain of 6% at 800 K with electron concentration 3 × 1020 cm−3. Furthermore, the optimal carrier concentrations at different strains are determined. These insights point to an alternative strategy for superior thermoelectric properties.

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Takayama, Yoshimasa, T. Abe, T. Yashiro, Hideo Watanabe y Hajime Kato. "Fabrication of Structural Composite Accompanied with a Function of Thermoelectric Conversion". Materials Science Forum 561-565 (octubre de 2007): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.743.

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The composite accompanied with a function of thermoelectric conversion has been fabricated. It was a fiber metal laminate (FML) consisting of two aluminum alloy sheets of 0.5mm thickness and a central layer of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP). The central layer with a thickness of 1mm included thermoelectric elements of Bi-Te based alloys between glass fibers. The mechanical properties of FML with and without the thermoelectric elements were evaluated by tensile and bending test. The thermomechanical properties were measured by a potentiometer for a module with heated and cooled sides, and plotted a potential as a function of difference in temperature between both sides.

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8

Bera, Jayanta y Satyajit Sahu. "Strain induced valley degeneracy: a route to the enhancement of thermoelectric properties of monolayer WS2". RSC Advances 9, n.º 43 (2019): 25216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra04470a.

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Strain induced valley degeneracy results enhancement of thermoelectric properties of monolayer WS₂. Electron valleys and hole valleys become degenerate by applying compressive and tensile strain, respectively.

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9

Lv, H. Y., W. J. Lu, D. F. Shao, H. Y. Lu y Y. P. Sun. "Strain-induced enhancement in the thermoelectric performance of a ZrS2monolayer". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, n.º 20 (2016): 4538–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc01135g.

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The thermoelectric performance of the ZrS₂monolayer is greatly enhanced by the biaxial tensile strain, due to the simultaneous increase of the Seebeck coefficient and decrease of the thermal conductivity.

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10

Konabe, Satoru, Shiro Kawabata y Takahiro Yamamoto. "Thermoelectric properties of bilayer phosphorene under tensile strain". Surface and Interface Analysis 48, n.º 11 (27 de julio de 2016): 1231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.6094.

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11

Vidakis, Nectarios, Markos Petousis, Lazaros Tzounis, Emmanuel Velidakis, Nikolaos Mountakis y Sotirios A. Grammatikos. "Polyamide 12/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Carbon Black Nanocomposites Manufactured by 3D Printing Fused Filament Fabrication: A Comparison of the Electrical, Thermoelectric, and Mechanical Properties". C 7, n.º 2 (23 de abril de 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c7020038.

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In this study, nanocomposites with polyamide 12 (PA12) as the polymer matrix and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon black (CB) at different loadings (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 wt.%) as fillers, were produced in 3D printing filament form by melt mixing extrusion process. The filament was then used to build specimens with the fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing process. The aim was to produce by FFF 3D printing, electrically conductive and thermoelectric functional specimens with enhanced mechanical properties. All nanocomposites’ samples were electrically conductive at filler loadings above the electrical percolation threshold. The highest thermoelectric performance was obtained for the PA12/CNT nanocomposite at 10.0 wt.%. The static tensile and flexural mechanical properties, as well as the Charpy’s impact and Vickers microhardness, were determined. The highest improvement in mechanical properties was observed for the PA12/CNT nanocomposites at 5.0 wt.% filler loading. The fracture mechanisms were identified by fractographic analyses of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images acquired from fractured surfaces of tensile tested specimens. The nanocomposites produced could find a variety of applications such as; 3D-printed organic thermoelectric materials for plausible large-scale thermal energy harvesting applications, resistors for flexible circuitry, and piezoresistive sensors for strain sensing.

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12

Wang, Ning, Menglu Li, Haiyan Xiao, Hengfeng Gong, Zijiang Liu, Xiaotao Zu y Liang Qiao. "Optimizing the thermoelectric transport properties of Bi2O2Se monolayer via biaxial strain". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, n.º 27 (2019): 15097–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp02204j.

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The thermal-electric performance of Bi₂O₂Se can be significantly improved by application of tensile strain and the Bi₂O₂Se monolayer has great potential as thermoelectric (TE) material.

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13

Tzounis, Lazaros, Markos Petousis, Sotirios Grammatikos y Nectarios Vidakis. "3D Printed Thermoelectric Polyurethane/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites: A Novel Approach towards the Fabrication of Flexible and Stretchable Organic Thermoelectrics". Materials 13, n.º 12 (26 de junio de 2020): 2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122879.

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing of thermoelectric polymer nanocomposites is reported for the first time employing flexible, stretchable and electrically conductive 3D printable thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) filaments. TPU/MWCNT conductive polymer composites (CPC) have been initially developed employing melt-mixing and extrusion processes. TPU pellets and two different types of MWCNTs, namely the NC-7000 MWCNTs (NC-MWCNT) and Long MWCNTs (L-MWCNT) were used to manufacture TPU/MWCNT nanocomposite filaments with 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 wt.%. 3D printed thermoelectric TPU/MWCNT nanocomposites were fabricated through a fused deposition modelling (FDM) process. Raman and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the graphitic nature and morphological characteristics of CNTs. SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) exhibited an excellent CNT nanodispersion in the TPU matrix. Tensile tests showed no significant deterioration of the moduli and strengths for the 3D printed samples compared to the nanocomposites prepared by compression moulding, indicating an excellent interlayer adhesion and mechanical performance of the 3D printed nanocomposites. Electrical and thermoelectric investigations showed that L-MWCNT exhibits 19.8 ± 0.2 µV/K Seebeck coefficient (S) and 8.4 × 103 S/m electrical conductivity (σ), while TPU/L-MWCNT CPCs at 5.0 wt.% exhibited the highest thermoelectric performance (σ = 133.1 S/m, S = 19.8 ± 0.2 µV/K and PF = 0.04 μW/mK2) among TPU/CNT CPCs in the literature. All 3D printed samples exhibited an anisotropic electrical conductivity and the same Seebeck coefficient in the through- and cross-layer printing directions. TPU/MWCNT could act as excellent organic thermoelectric material towards 3D printed thermoelectric generators (TEGs) for potential large-scale energy harvesting applications.

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14

Chatterjee, Arindom, Emigdio Chavez-Angel, Belén Ballesteros, José Manuel Caicedo, Jessica Padilla-Pantoja, Victor Leborán, Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres, Francisco Rivadulla y José Santiso. "Large thermoelectric power variations in epitaxial thin films of layered perovskite GdBaCo2O5.5±δ with a different preferred orientation and strain". Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, n.º 38 (2020): 19975–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta04781c.

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Oxygen stoichiometry in epitaxial GdBaCo₂O_5.5±δ films accommodates the strain, which substantially affects thermoelectric properties, bringing the material from p-type (tensile strain c_⊥-oriented on STO) to n-type thermopower (compressive b_⊥ on LAO).

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Hynynen, Jonna, Emmy Järsvall, Renee Kroon, Yadong Zhang, Stephen Barlow, Seth R. Marder, Martijn Kemerink, Anja Lund y Christian Müller. "Enhanced Thermoelectric Power Factor of Tensile Drawn Poly(3-hexylthiophene)". ACS Macro Letters 8, n.º 1 (26 de diciembre de 2018): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00820.

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Funahashi, Ryoji, Yoko Matsumura, Tomoyuki Urata, Hiroyo Murakami, Hitomi Ikenishi, Shinya Sasaki y Shigeaki Sugiyama. "Relationship Between Tensile Strength and Durability of Oxide Thermoelectric Modules". Journal of Electronic Materials 50, n.º 7 (20 de abril de 2021): 3996–4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-021-08934-4.

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Nayeb Sadeghi, Safoura, Mona Zebarjadi y Keivan Esfarjani. "Non-linear enhancement of thermoelectric performance of a TiSe2 monolayer due to tensile strain, from first-principles calculations". Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, n.º 24 (2019): 7308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc00183b.

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Using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with the Boltzmann transport theory, we investigate the effect of strain on the electronic and thermoelectric transport properties of the 1T-TiSe₂ monolayer, a two-dimensional (2D) material, and compare it with the bulk phase within the PBE, LDA+U and HSE exchange–correlation functionals.

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Kientzl, Imre, Imre Norbert Orbulov, János Dobránszky y Árpád Németh. "Mechanical Behaviour Al-Matrix Composite Wires in Double Composite Structures". Advances in Science and Technology 50 (octubre de 2006): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.50.147.

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The fibre reinforced metal matrix composites (FRMMC-s) are one of the main groups of the composite materials. The composite wires are continuous-fibre-reinforced aluminium matrix composites, which are made by a continuous process. Composite wires already have a few experimental applications for the reinforcement of high voltage electric cables. Other experimental application fields of these materials are the preferential reinforcement of the cast parts. In this way significant decrease in the weight could be achieved. The aim of this study is to show the excellent mechanical properties of the composite wires, and the contact relationship between the mechanical and other properties (i.e. thermoelectric power) and the possibility of their standardized production. The continuous production process of the composite wires and their test results were are shown as well. The difference between the composite wire reinforced double composite structures and direct fibre reinforced blocks were delineated as well. In this paper specimens were examined by tensile tests, bending tests, thermal aging tests and thermoelectric power measurement.

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Hung, Fei-Yi, Chih-Jung Wang, Sung-Min Huang, Li-Hui Chen y Truan-Sheng Lui. "Thermoelectric characteristics and tensile properties of Sn–9Zn–xAg lead-free solders". Journal of Alloys and Compounds 420, n.º 1-2 (agosto de 2006): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.11.011.

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20

Sun, Min, Guowu Tang, Bowen Huang, Zhongjia Chen, Yu-Jun Zhao, Hanfu Wang, Ziwen Zhao, Dongdan Chen, Qi Qian y Zhongmin Yang. "Tailoring microstructure and electrical transportation through tensile stress in Bi2Te3 thermoelectric fibers". Journal of Materiomics 6, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2020): 467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2020.02.004.

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21

Yeganeh, M. y F. Kafi. "Stability and thermoelectric properties of the MgO monolayers under tensile and compressive strain". Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 123 (septiembre de 2020): 114176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2020.114176.

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de Resende, Domingos Sávio, Herbet Radispiel Filho, José Genário Keles, Augusto Cesar da Silva Bezerra, Maria Teresa Paulino Aguilar y Antonio Maria Claret de Gouveia. "Eucalyptus Chip Ashes in Cementitious Composites". Materials Science Forum 775-776 (enero de 2014): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.775-776.205.

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The Alto Paranaiba and Triângulo Mineiro mesoregion in the state of Minas Gerais and the State of São Paulo have a number of industries with eucalyptus chip fired boilers that produce great amounts of ash. Since thermoelectric ashes generally have good pozzolanic activity, this paper studied the mechanical behavior of cementitious composites made with raw eucalyptus chip ash as a partial replacement for Portland cement and processed under two different conditions. The mechanical behavior of the composites was measured from tests on specimens for their compressive strength, tensile strength to diametral stress and to bending. Results show ashes could be used as mineral additives.

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Konabe, Satoru y Takahiro Yamamoto. "Significant enhancement of the thermoelectric performance of phosphorene through the application of tensile strain". Applied Physics Express 8, n.º 1 (10 de diciembre de 2014): 015202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/apex.8.015202.

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24

Kusagaya, K., H. Hagino, S. Tanaka, K. Miyazaki y M. Takashiri. "Structural and Thermoelectric Properties of Nanocrystalline Bismuth Telluride Thin Films Under Compressive and Tensile Strain". Journal of Electronic Materials 44, n.º 6 (4 de noviembre de 2014): 1632–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-014-3496-4.

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25

Ma, Weiliang, Marie-Christine Record, Jing Tian y Pascal Boulet. "Strain Effects on the Electronic and Thermoelectric Properties of n(PbTe)-m(Bi2Te3) System Compounds". Materials 14, n.º 15 (22 de julio de 2021): 4086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154086.

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Owing to their low lattice thermal conductivity, many compounds of the n(PbTe)-m(Bi2Te3) homologous series have been reported in the literature with thermoelectric (TE) properties that still need improvement. For this purpose, in this work, we have implemented the band engineering approach by applying biaxial tensile and compressive strains using the density functional theory (DFT) on various compounds of this series, namely Bi2Te3, PbBi2Te4, PbBi4Te7 and Pb2Bi2Te5. All the fully relaxed Bi2Te3, PbBi2Te4, PbBi4Te7 and Pb2Bi2Te5 compounds are narrow band-gap semiconductors. When applying strains, a semiconductor-to-metal transition occurs for all the compounds. Within the range of open-gap, the electrical conductivity decreases as the compressive strain increases. We also found that compressive strains cause larger Seebeck coefficients than tensile ones, with the maximum Seebeck coefficient being located at −2%, −6%, −3% and 0% strain for p-type Bi2Te3, PbBi2Te4, PbBi4Te7 and Pb2Bi2Te5, respectively. The use of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) as a complementary tool has shown that the van der Waals interactions located between the structure slabs evolve with strains as well as the topological properties of Bi2Te3 and PbBi2Te4. This study shows that the TE performance of the n(PbTe)-m(Bi2Te3) compounds is modified under strains.

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Kalakonda, Parvathalu, Pranay Bhasker Kalakonda y Sreenivas Banne. "Studies of electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotube and polyaniline of nanoporous nanocomposites". Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 11 (1 de enero de 2021): 184798042110011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/18479804211001140.

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Hydrogel of single-walled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline has been used for thermopower engineering applications due to desirable thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties as well as tunable degradability. In this article, we fabricated nanoporous composite scaffolds from hydrogel of single-walled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline polymer using a standard in situ polymerization process. Our solution-based fabrication method prevented single-walled carbon nanotube aggregation which resulted in enhancing thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties with keeping optimum flexibility in the porous composite scaffold. We compared the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of nanoporous composites with different single-walled carbon nanotube loadings. The porous composite scaffold with a 25 wt% showed higher electrical conductivity, ultimate tensile strength, and tensile modulus. Lastly, our solution fabrication method prevents aggregation single-walled carbon nanotube and could help to build the thermoelectrical materials for flexible electronic applications.

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Mészáros, István y Bálint Bögre. "Complex Study of Eutectoidal Phase Transformation of 2507-Type Super-Duplex Stainless Steel". Materials 12, n.º 13 (9 de julio de 2019): 2205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12132205.

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The aim of this work was to study expansively the process of the eutectoidal phase transformation of 2507-type super-duplex stainless steel. Three sample sets were prepared. The first sample set was made to investigate the effect of the previous cold rolling and heat treatment for the eutectoidal phase transformation. Samples were cold rolled at seven different rolling reductions which was followed by heat treatment at five different temperatures. The second sample set was prepared to determine the activation energy of the eutectoidal decomposition process using the Arrhenius equation. Samples were cold rolled at seven different rolling reductions and were heat treated at the same temperature during eight different terms. A third sample set was made to study how another plastic-forming technology, beside the cold rolling, can influence the eutectoidal decomposition. Samples were elongated by single axis tensile stress and were heat treated at the same temperature. The results of the first and the third sample sets were compared. The rest δ-ferrite contents were calculated using the results of AC and DC magnetometer measurements. DC magnetometer was used as a feritscope device in this work. Light microscope and electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) images demonstrated the process of the eutectoidal decomposition. The thermoelectric power and the hardness of the samples were measured. The results of the thermoelectric power measurement were compared with the results of the δ-ferrite content measurement. The accurate value of the coercive field was determined by a Foerster-type DC coercimeter device.

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Guo, San-Dong y Yan Wang. "Small compressive strain-induced semiconductor–metal transition and tensile strain-enhanced thermoelectric properties in monolayer PtTe2". Semiconductor Science and Technology 32, n.º 5 (28 de marzo de 2017): 055004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/aa62bf.

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Karalis, George, Christos Mytafides, Anastasia Polymerou, Kyriaki Tsirka, Lazaros Tzounis, Leonidas N. Gergidis y Alkiviadis S. Paipetis. "Hierarchical Reinforcing Fibers for Energy Harvesting Applications - A Strength Study". Key Engineering Materials 827 (diciembre de 2019): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.827.252.

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This work is concerned with the study of the strength of nanocoated reinforcing fibers. In more detail, glass fibers were coated with an efficient thermoelectric (TE) ink in order to create multifunctional reinforcing fibers for advanced composite structural applications. The main scope is to evaluate the fracture properties of the TE-enabled hierarchical glass fibers. The hybrid nanocrystal TE ink was synthesized via a solvothermal reaction and further fully characterized in coating form. The morphology and wetting properties of the TE ink deposition onto glass fibers were evaluated via SEM and contact angle measurements. Enhanced values by 19.4% in tensile strength for the coated glass fibers compared to the reference are being reported, measured at single fiber level. The evaluated multifunctional glass fiber strength will be utilised during ongoing research for the interfacial shear strength determination.

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Kusagaya, K., H. Hagino, S. Tanaka, K. Miyazaki y M. Takashiri. "Erratum to: Structural and Thermoelectric Properties of Nanocrystalline Bismuth Telluride Thin Films Under Compressive and Tensile Strain". Journal of Electronic Materials 44, n.º 4 (18 de febrero de 2015): 1253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-015-3690-z.

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Alavi-Rad, Hosein, Azadeh Kiani-Sarkaleh, Saeed Rouhi y Abbas Ghadimi. "Investigation of the electronic and thermoelectric properties of hydrogenated monolayer germanene under biaxial tensile and compressive strains by DFT approach". Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures 124 (octubre de 2020): 114339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2020.114339.

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Gonçalves, Jordana, Patrícia Lima, Beate Krause, Petra Pötschke, Ugo Lafont, José Gomes, Cristiano Abreu, Maria Paiva y José Covas. "Electrically Conductive Polyetheretherketone Nanocomposite Filaments: From Production to Fused Deposition Modeling". Polymers 10, n.º 8 (18 de agosto de 2018): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10080925.

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The present work reports the production and characterization of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) nanocomposite filaments incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphite nanoplates (GnP), electrically conductive and suitable for fused deposition modeling (FDM) processing. The nanocomposites were manufactured by melt mixing and those presenting electrical conductivity near 10 S/m were selected for the production of filaments for FDM. The extruded filaments were characterized for mechanical and thermal conductivity, polymer crystallinity, thermal relaxation, nanoparticle dispersion, thermoelectric effect, and coefficient of friction. They presented electrical conductivity in the range of 1.5 to 13.1 S/m, as well as good mechanical performance and higher thermal conductivity compared to PEEK. The addition of GnP improved the composites’ melt processability, maintained the electrical conductivity at target level, and reduced the coefficient of friction by up to 60%. Finally, three-dimensional (3D) printed test specimens were produced, showing a Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength comparable to those of the filaments, but a lower strain at break and electrical conductivity. This was attributed to the presence of large voids in the part, revealing the need for 3D printing parameter optimization. Finally, filament production was up-scaled to kilogram scale maintaining the properties of the research-scale filaments.

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33

Tang Van, Lam, Dien Vu Kim, Hung Ngo Xuan, Tho Vu Dinh, Boris Bulgakov y Sophia Bazhenova. "Effect of Aluminium Powder on Light-weight Aerated Concrete Properties". E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199702005.

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Light-weight aerated concrete (LAC) is produced by making LAC involves the addition of a gas-forming admixture like aluminium powder (AP) to a wet mortar mixture. In concrete during curing, AP will react with the calcium hydroxide in the mixture to form hydrogen. The amount of gas-forming is dependent on the mechanical properties requirements. The aim of the current work was to investigate the properties of aerated concrete (AC) containing 30% fly ash and various AP content, including dry density, porosity and modulus of elasticity, as well as strengths of test specimens. The results of this study showed that when AP content increased, the density of AC decreased, but its porosity increased. Whereas an increase in the amount of AP caused a decrease in both the compressive strength, tensile strength and the modulus of elasticity of ACspecimens. The investigation of newly modified AC through combination of local by-product in Vietnam would decrease the content of Portland cement was used and as well as reduce the amounts of ash and slag TPP as well as industrial waste thrown at a landfill. Therefore, assisting the thermoelectric power plants to be more environmentally friendly in the future.

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34

Luceño-Sánchez, José A., Ana Charas y Ana M. Díez-Pascual. "Effect of HDI-Modified GO on the Thermoelectric Performance of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(Styrenesulfonate) Nanocomposite Films". Polymers 13, n.º 9 (7 de mayo de 2021): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091503.

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Composite films based on conducting polymers and carbon nanomaterials have attracted much attention for applications in various devices, such as chemical sensors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic solar cells (OSCs), among others. Graphene oxide (GO) is an ideal filler for polymeric matrices due to its unique properties. However, GO needs to be functionalized to improve its solubility in common solvents and enable the processing by low-cost solution deposition methods. In this work, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-modified GO and its nanocomposites with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were developed, and their morphology, thermal, electrical, thermoelectrical and mechanical performance were characterized. The influence of the HDI functionalization degree and concentration on the nanocomposite properties were assessed. The HDI-GO increased the crystallinity, lamella stacking and interchain coupling of PEDOT:PSS chains. A strong improvement in electrical conductivity, thermal stability, Young’s modulus and tensile strength was found, showing an optimum combination at 2 wt% loading. Drop and spin casting techniques were applied onto different substrates, and the results from deposition tests were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV–vis spectroscopy. A number of parameters influencing the depositions process, namely solvent nature, sonication conditions and ozone plasma treatment, have been explored. This study paves the way for further research on conducting polymer/modified GO nanocomposites to optimize their composition and properties (i.e., transparency) for use in devices such as OSCs.

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Nguyen, Tuan Anh, Quang Tung Nguyen, Xuan Canh Nguyen y Van Hoan Nguyen. "Study on Fire Resistance Ability and Mechanical Properties of Composites Based on Epikote 240 Epoxy Resin and Thermoelectric Fly Ash: An Ecofriendly Additive". Journal of Chemistry 2019 (16 de junio de 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2635231.

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In this study, fly ash was tested as a filler in epoxy with concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 wt.%. Fly ash particles were modified by chemical treatments (using NaOH and HCl) to enhance the compatibility and adhesion, making mechanical properties and flame retardancy of materials better. Flexural strength, tensile strength, and impact resistance decrease as fly ash content increases. The compressive strength is further increased by the addition of fly ash (compressive strength of the materials including 5, 10, 20 wt.% of fly ash modified with NaOH is 176.01, 189.90, and 197.07 MPa, respectively). The interface between fly ash and epoxy matrix plays an important role in determining the mechanical strength and flame retardancy of synthetic materials. The results of UL-94HB and LOI test method for composite materials including 20 wt.% fly ash (modified by NaOH) reached 13.45 mm/min and 22.4%, respectively. These results showed that fly ash is an efficient additive as a flame retardant which decreases the amounts of additives in products and improves their efficiency. Fly ash was also dispersed into epoxy resin to enhance its resistance to oxidation.

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36

Luceño Sánchez, José, Rafael Peña Capilla y Ana Díez-Pascual. "High-Performance PEDOT:PSS/Hexamethylene Diisocyanate-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites: Preparation and Properties". Polymers 10, n.º 10 (20 de octubre de 2018): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101169.

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Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as an ideal filler to reinforce polymeric matrices owing to its large specific surface area, transparency, flexibility, and very high mechanical strength. Nonetheless, functionalization is required to improve its solubility in common solvents and expand its practical uses. In this work, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-functionalized GO (HDI-GO) has been used as filler of a conductive polymer matrix, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The nanocomposites have been prepared via a simple solution casting method, and have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–Vis and Raman spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile tests, and four-point probe measurements to get information about how the HDI-GO functionalization degree (FD) and the HDI-GO concentration in the nanocomposite influence the final properties. SEM analysis showed a very homogenous dispersion of the HDI-GO nanosheets with the highest FD within the matrix, and the Raman spectra revealed the existence of very strong HDI-GO-PEDOT:PSS interactions. A gradual improvement in thermal stability was found with increasing HDI-GO concentration, with only a small loss in transparency. A reduction in the sheet resistance of PEDOT:PSS was found at low HDI-GO contents, whilst increasing moderately at the highest loading tested. The nanocomposites showed a good combination of stiffness, strength, ductility, and toughness. The optimum balance of properties was attained for samples incorporating 2 and 5 wt % HDI-GO with the highest FD. These solution-processed nanocomposites show considerably improved performance compared to conventional PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites filled with raw GO, and are highly suitable for applications in various fields, including flexible electronics, thermoelectric devices, and solar energy applications.

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37

Kusagaya, Kyosuke y Masayuki Takashiri. "Investigation of the effects of compressive and tensile strain on n-type bismuth telluride and p-type antimony telluride nanocrystalline thin films for use in flexible thermoelectric generators". Journal of Alloys and Compounds 653 (diciembre de 2015): 480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.09.039.

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38

Mohamed-Noriega, N., E. López Cuéllar y A. Martinez de la Cruz. "Thermoelectric Power Changes of Low Strength Steel Induced by Hydrogen Embrittlement Tests". MRS Proceedings 1243 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1243-15.

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ABSTRACTThis work reports the thermoelectric characterization of a hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of low strength steel. Two sets of tests are performed in an electrochemical cell of H2SO4, with and without applied stress, lasting from 2 to 94 hours. Thermoelectric power (TEP) measurements are matched with ductility measurements (%RA and %EL) of samples tested in tension, as well as with microhardness measurements. Results indicate that TEP is sensitive to HE of low strength steels; the maximum variation of TEP is of ∼80nV/°C for samples tested without stress.

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39

Bozzi, George J. "Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting Snow Pants: Turning Body Heat Into Usable Energy". Journal of Student Science and Technology 8, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.13034/jsst.v8i1.44.

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Using thermoelectric coolers (TECs), energy generated from a temperature gradient can solve the problem of energy inaccessibility and provide energy readily. The purpose of this study was to create snow pants that could harness and convert body heat into energy. It was hypothesized that if there was more surface area in the insulation layers of the snow pants, then more heat will be collected. It was determined that the most effective and efficient way to harvest energy from body heat was by using TECs that were sewn into a pair of snow pants. Snow pants were chosen because the interior and exterior have drastically different temperatures that create a temperature gradient, which could ultimately increase the voltage output. Three prototypes were built and all produced enough voltage, which can be and will eventually be amplified. Once the voltage is amplified, an electronic device will have direct access to power within the pants’ pocket via a USB port. Thermoelectric energy presents an innovative and viable option as an energy solution. Using TECs, heat-harvesting backpacks, coolers, sleeping bags and more can be produced, making the world a more connected and greener place.Des refroidisseurs thermoélectriques (RTE) qui englobent « l’effet de Peltier » peuvent produire de l’énergie provenant d’un gradient de température et se posent comme solution au problème de l’inaccessibilité à l’énergie en fournissant de l’énergie partout et à tout moment. Le but de cette étude était de créer des pantalons de neige qui pourraient exploiter et convertir la chaleur corporelle à l’énergie. L’hypothèse étant que l’existence de plus de superficie dans les couches d’isolation des pantalons de neige aurait pour effet plus de chaleur rassemblée. Il a été déterminé que la façon la plus efficace de collecter de l’énergie de par la chaleur corporelle était en incorporant les RTEs par couture dans une paire de pantalons de neige. Les pantalons de neige ont été le vêtement de choix car la température mesuré à leur intérieur et à leur extérieur est dramatiquement différente ce qui génère ainsi un gradient de température qui pourrait ultimement augmenter la tension produite. Trois prototypes ont été fabriqué et tous ont produit de la tension, assez qui peut être et sera finalement amplifié. Une fois que la tension est amplifiée, un dispositif électronique aura accès direct au fonctionnement de l’intérieure de la poche de pantalons via un port USB. L’énergie thermoélectrique se positionne comme une solution d’énergie très novatrice et viable. En utilisant les RTE, la chaleur peut être récolté des sacs à dos, des refroidisseurs d’aliments, les sacs de couchage, tous possible à être produit faisant de ce monde un lieu plus interconnecté et plus sain pour l’environnement.

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40

Mansouri, Nariman, Edward J. Timm, Harold J. Schock, Dipankar Sahoo y Adam Kotrba. "Development of a Circular Thermoelectric Skutterudite Couple Using Compression Technology". Journal of Energy Resources Technology 138, n.º 5 (10 de marzo de 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4032619.

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Approximately, 55% of the energy produced from conventional vehicle resources is lost due to heat losses. An efficient waste heat recovery process will lead to improved fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are heat recovery devices that are being widely studied by a range of energy-intensive industries. Efficient solid-state thermoelectric devices are good candidates to reduce fuel consumption in an automobile. Thermoelectric materials have had limited automotive applications due to the automotive waste heat recovery temperature range, the rarity and toxicity of some materials, and the limited ability to mass manufacture thermoelectric devices from expensive TE materials. However, skutterudite is one class of material that has demonstrated significant promise in the transportation waste heat recovery temperature domain. Durability and reliability of the TEGs are the most significant concerns in the product development process. Cracking of the materials at hot-side interface is found to be a major failure mechanism of TEGs under thermal loading. Cracking affects not only the structural integrity but also the energy conversion and overall performance of the system. In this paper, cracking of thermoelectric material as observed in performance testing is analyzed using numerical simulations and analytic experiments. This paper shows, with the help of finite element analysis (FEA), the detailed distribution of stress, strain, and temperature is obtained for each design. Finite element (FE)-based simulations show the tensile stresses as the primary factor causing radial and circumferential cracks in the skutterudite. For a TEG design, loading conditions and closed-form analytical solutions of stress/strain distributions are derived. Scenarios with minimum tensile stresses are sought. These approaches yield the minimum of stress/strain fields which produce cracks. Finally, based on these analyses and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies, strategies in tensile stress reduction and failure prevention are proposed.

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41

Egbu, RN. "Effect of Temperature on the Tensile Strength and Thermoelectric e.m.f. Values of Aluminium Alloy". Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 11, n.º 2 (1 de junio de 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v11i2.54999.

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42

Al-Jothery, H. K. M., Thar M. Albarody, P. S. M. Megat-Yusof, N. Al-Shaibani y H. G. Mohammed. "Experimental Investigations on Microwave-Current Assisted Sintering Process and Oxidation of Graphite Die at High Temperature". International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 18, n.º 2 (18 de junio de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.18.2.2021.16.0672.

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In the current-assisted sintering technique, graphite is mainly used to fabricate die and other components (such as electrodes and spacers) because of its excellent thermoelectric properties, high melting point and high ratio of the tensile strength to the compressive strength. As widely known, graphite is one of the brittle materials, and the failure is difficult to be anticipated before it happens. Besides, there is a lack of information about the effects of sintering process, environment and impurity on the graphite structure of the furnace, especially the die, which is the weakest part of the graphite structure. Therefore, the effects of electrical field and oxidation on the graphite die of microwave-current assisted sintering apparatus were investigated at a high temperature of 600-1900 °C based on physical characteristics and mechanical strength. In this article, the spark discharge phenomenon was experimentally proved during the sintering process of nonconductive material. The tensile strength of the upper punch after the sintering process was 20.2% higher than the pristine one because of the transforming of micro-graphite to carbon nanotubes which increased with increasing the temperature. On the other hand, the tensile strengths of graphite lower punch and sleeve were slightly dropped. While, the oxidation of GW-6S graphite in the air caused a mass loss that led to the reduction in tensile and compressive strengths.

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43

Ranjan, Ram, Joseph E. Turney, Charles E. Lents y Virginia H. Faustino. "Design of Thermoelectric Modules for High Heat Flux Cooling". Journal of Electronic Packaging 136, n.º 4 (19 de septiembre de 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4028118.

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Thermoelectric (TE) coolers work on the Seebeck effect, where an electrical current is used to drive a heat flux against a temperature gradient. They have applications for active cooling of electronic devices but have low coefficients of performance (COP < 1) at high heat fluxes (>10 W/cm2, dT = 15 K). While the active elements (TE material) in a TE cooling module lead to cooling, the nonactive elements, such as the electrical leads and headers, cause joule heating and decrease the coefficient of performance. A conventional module design uses purely horizontal leads and vertical active elements. In this work, we numerically investigate trapezoidal leads with angled active elements as a method to improve cooler performance in terms of lower parasitic resistance, higher packing fraction and higher reliability, for both supperlattice thin-film and bulk TE materials. For source and sink side temperatures of 30 °C and 45 °C, we show that, for a constant packing fraction, defined as the ratio of active element area to the couple base area, trapezoidal leads decrease electrical losses but also increase thermal resistance. We also demonstrate that trapezoidal leads can be used to increase the packing fraction to values greater than one, leading to a two times increase in heat pumping capacity. Structural analysis shows a significant reduction in both tensile and shear stresses in the TE modules with trapezoidal leads. Thus, the present work provides a pathway to engineer more reliable thermoelectric coolers (TECs) and improve their efficiency by >30% at a two times higher heat flux as compared to the state-of-the-art.

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44

Uchida, N., Y. Ohishi, K. Kurosaki, S. Yamanaka, T. Tada y T. Kanayama. "Reduction of thermal conductivity in semiconducting composite films consisting of silicon and transition-metal silicide nanocrystals". MRS Proceedings 1456 (2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.533.

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ABSTRACTWe observed significant reduction of thermal conductivity in semiconducting composite films of Si and molybdenum (Mo)-silicide nanocrystals (NCs). These films were synthesized by phase separation due to annealing at 700 -1000°C from sputtered amorphous Mo–Si alloy. Transmission electron microscope images showed that the NCs were grown to diameters of∼10 nm in the films by annealing at 800°C. Raman scattering spectra showed lower shift of peak positions of Si transverse optical (TO) phonon due to the confinement effect and the tensile stress. The electrical resistivity of the films was 0.17- 9 Ωm at room temperature and showed a semiconducting temperature dependence at 20-400 K. Thermal conductivity of the film was reduced to 4.4 W/mK by enhancement of phonon scattering at NC interfaces, suggesting that the composite film is promising as a high-efficiency Si-based thermoelectric material.

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45

Ota, Shinya, Ken-ichi Uchida, Ryo Iguchi, Pham Van Thach, Hiroyuki Awano y Daichi Chiba. "Strain-induced switching of heat current direction generated by magneto-thermoelectric effects". Scientific Reports 9, n.º 1 (13 de septiembre de 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49567-2.

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Abstract Since the charge current plays a major role in information processing and Joule heating is inevitable in electronic devices, thermal management, i.e., designing heat flows, is required. Here, we report that strain application can change a direction of a heat current generated by magneto-thermoelectric effects. For demonstration, we used metallic magnets in a thin-film form, wherein the anomalous Ettingshausen effect mainly determines the direction of the heat flow. Strain application can alter the magnetization direction owing to the magnetoelastic effect. As a result, the heat current, which is in the direction of the cross product of the charge current and the magnetization vector, can be switched or rotated simply by applying a tensile strain to the metallic magnets. We demonstrate 180° switching and 90° rotation of the heat currents in an in-plane magnetized Ni sample on a rigid sapphire substrate and a perpendicularly magnetized TbFeCo film on a flexible substrate, respectively. An active thermography technique was used to capture the strain-induced change in the heat current direction. The method presented here provides a novel method for controlling thermal energy in electronic devices.

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46

"Effect of Printing Parameters on Tensile, Dynamic Mechanical, and Thermoelectric Properties of FDM 3D Printed CABS/ZnO Composites". Materials 11, n.º 4 (22 de marzo de 2018): 466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11040466.

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47

Zhang, Yichuan, Liang Deng, Haicai Lv y Guangming Chen. "Toward improved trade-off between thermoelectric and mechanical performances in polycarbonate/single-walled carbon nanotube composite films". npj Flexible Electronics 4, n.º 1 (2 de octubre de 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41528-020-00089-2.

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Abstract Polymer thermoelectric (TE) composites have witnessed explosive developments in recent years, arising from their promising prospect for lightweight flexible electronics and capability of harvesting waste-heat. In sharp contrast with intrinsically conducting polymers (CPs), the insulating thermoplastics have seldom been employed as the matrices for flexible TE composites despite their advantages of low costs, controllable melt-flowing behaviors and excellent mechanical properties. Here, we report flexible films of polycarbonate/single-walled carbon nanotube (PC/SWCNT) composites with improved trade-off between TE and mechanical performances. The SWCNTs with 1D nanostructure were dramatically aligned by PC melt-flowing under hot-pressing in the radial direction. The composite maximum power factor reaches 4.8 ± 0.8 μW m−1 K−2 at 10 wt% SWCNTs in the aligned direction, which is higher than most previously reported thermoplastics-based TE composites at the same SWCNT loading and even comparable to some intrinsically CPs and their composites. In addition, these composites display significantly higher tensile modulus and strength than CPs and their composites. This study paves an effective way to fabricate flexible films of polymer composites with simultaneously high TE and mechanical performances via judicious alignment of SWCNTs in thermoplastic polymers.

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