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1
Halata, Roman. "Automatické generování projektu v prostředí TIA portal". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413177.
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The diploma thesis deals with an automatic code generation for PLC from Siemens. The first part focuses on currently available tools for code generation and options of C# library Siemens TIA Openness. Furthermore, a design for the project structure in the TIA portal is created. Finally, a user application for automatic code generation in TIA portal v15 is designed and created, especially suitable for larger projects that could be divided into individual stations.
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Janeček, Pavel. "Aplikace pro generování PLC programů pomocí TIA Openness". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413268.
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This thesis focuses on creating an application that allows generation of PLC and HMI programs using TIA Openness. The application is programmed to separate logic from graphics, which is beneficial in case of a change of the visuals of the application. Generating programs is possible thanks to the XML transcription or by creating a configuration within the application guide. The generating is done by overwriting source XML files contained in the application library according to the selected configuration. The application was created with Framework Windows Forms in C#. A reference set of device modules has been created for PLC and HMI in the development environment of TIA Portal V15.1. The source XML files, on the basis of which the generating is carried out, were then obtained by exporting a reference set and placed into the application library. With a simulation tool Factory I/O and S-7 PLCSIM it was verified that the generated program is, thanks to the mapping of variables on pins of blocks, fully functional in manual mode. At the same time it was proved that it is possible to generate programs for different devices which signifies the versatile use of this application. The contribution of this work is the significant reduction of time when creating new PLC and HMI programs.
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Balboni, Andrea. "Motion control development in the TIA Portal for the MS260 binding and wrapping machine". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22675/.
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The MS260 is a biding and wrapping machine. It is an end-of-line machine designed and created by IMA S.p.A and, in particular, by the division dedicated to the end-of-line, i.e. IMA BFB.
The thesis work is concentrated on the development of the machine by exclusively using Siemens hardware and software. In particular, the MS260 analysed is divided into two parts. The PLC part is characterized by Siemens hardware with the relative algorithm developed through the TIA Portal software. At the same time, the motion control part is entirely characterized by elements linked to the Schneider world. Drives and motors belong to the aforementioned company, as well as the algorithm is developed through the native software MachineExpert.
The objective of the thesis is, then, divided into two parts. First of all, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the machine. This allows to select a suitable hardware for the new code. The study of the motor performances allow an optimal choice of the agitations from the Siemens catalog. Furthermore, the replacement of the drives requires also the change of the PLC, passing to an hardware capable of handling more advanced control. Secondly, the motion control algorithm must be developed and integrated. To do this, some Siemens libraries are exploited while others must be created in order to exploit non-native functions. The final integration foresees the adaptation of the PLC code to the new organization of the motion algorithm and the partial modification of the HMI software to add the new functionalities.
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Podrabský, Tomáš. "Návrh, simulace a realizace funkčních modulů testbedu Průmysl 4.0". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377082.
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In this work I deal with the project of an automated robotic bartender, whose task is to show model concepts such as virtual commissioning, digital factory or industry 4.0. The work resolves two parts (cells) for the overall construction. Individual cells are solved from the design and realization of the construction through the virtual verification of operation to the design and realization of the control itself for the given cells. The construction solution was created in SolidEdge ST10. Virtual verification will be solved in the Tecnomatix Process Simulate program and the implementation of PLC and HMI control by Siemens is programmed in the TIA Portal. Wiring diagrams were drawn in the student version of the EPLAN design environment. Other colleagues work on other parts of the barman project.
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Jowkar, Saeid. "The Application of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to Control Temperature in Cold-room Based on TIA PORTAL Software". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
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A temperature sensor is a device to measure the temperature through an electrical signal. It requires a thermocouple or resistance temperature detectors (RTD) and will interface with a programmable logic controller (PLC). A temperature transmitter is a device that connects to a temperature sensor to transmit the signal elsewhere for monitoring and control purposes that its role is to convert the temperature sensor's signal to a 0-10V DC voltage in the PLC. The PLC voltage signal setting is compared to the temperature deviation after the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) operation. Then, the system will issue a temperature control signal to achieve the cooling system voltage control so that it implements continuous monitoring and temperature control. The temperature control system in the industrial field has a certain value that it is an important factor for controlling temperature. A certain value of the temperature of the desired environment has to be set with a minimum and maximum set-point temperature which is suitable for that environment and the set-point value can be variable and can be changed with Human Machine Interface (HMI) easily.
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Li, Jun. "Improving PID control based on Neural Network". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-33916.
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PID is a prevalent tool of automatic control in both industry and home environment, and PID parameters are often forced to modify because of systematic service on the machines or systems, which is time-costing. The project aims to investigate the possibility of applying neural network and reducing PID configuration in controlling industry process, by means of establishing control models and comparing control performance between conventional PID method and improved PID control based on neural network where two built neural networks are considered as cores to adjust weights which result in the suggested PID parameters. Adaptive learning rate is also applied which is adjusted by the algorithm based on the error changes. Algorithm program is written in Siemens TIA Portal and simulated in Factory I/O. In general, the simulations after analysis have shown that the proposed model has a better performance than conventional PID in terms of steady state, deviations and consistency of control value except tuning time. In the future the author is dedicated to continue improving the mentioned model through quickening learning process, applying better activation function and modifying variable structure and so on.
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Macej, Maroš. "Řídicí systém autoklávovacího procesu". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219798.
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The work presents a control system for energy savings using the recycling of steam in autoclaving process of porous blocks. This work describes a manufacturing process of porous. The control system is based on programmable controllers from Siemens series S7-300, then is applied to the TIA Portal software for the programming of these units. Lastly, the work comprises of process simulation, control system and its subsequent visualization.
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Kubín, Jan. "Řízení funkcí kvality a trasování v procesu výroby nádrží pro brzdovou kapalinu". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316207.
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The content of this thesis is a theoretical description of quality control and tracking in discrete manufacturing, its use in making control concepts, specification of the hardware, description of the communication between the devices and the PLC, and the creation of the PLC control software used for the supervision and marking of containers for brake fluid. The last part of this thesis is the implementation of the created algorithms into a real device and subsequent commissioning of the entire control line.
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Tsabzeu, Mingkeuya Jeremie. "Studio e sviluppo di tool di ausilio al collaudo automatico di quadri elettrici". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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Questa tesi propone una possibile soluzione per generare in automatica la configurazione hardware di un quadro elettrico nell'obiettivo di automatizzare il processo di collaudo. Questa soluzione riguarda solo l'ambiente Studio 5000 della Rockwell.il tool è stato implementato in java, è stato anche utilizzato il file di comando, con righe di comando LogixDesignerCommandLineInterface per l'importazione del file e il Download sul PLC.
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Kutík, Jakub. "Simulace výrobní linky". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400614.
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The aim of this thesis is to create a custom application to simulate production lines. The first part explains the main reasons, benefits and current trends in the field of virtual commissioning and describes several simulation tools and engineering tools from Siemens. The second part is devoted to a detailed description of features, capabilities and application interface of the PLCSIM Advanced simulation tool. The third part is devoted to design and realization of the custom simulation application, which can be used for create conveyor lines and validate user PLC program in cooperation with PLCSIM Advanced tool. This simulator was created using Unity3D game engine and C# programming language. In the last part of the thesis, a simple simulation task is created in the simulator and is tested using PLC program and visualization created in the TIA Portal engineering framework.
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Štoudek, Marcel. "Zvýšení efektivity linky na zpracování kaučuku". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400659.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyze the problem of rubber production lines and their possible elimination. The next step is the point that will be devoted to the design of a possible improvement of the line to increase efficiency, the software I worked with will be described, the hardware that was used, and in the final part the source code for the control system, which is designed for very precise frame positioning in one part of the line.
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Hampl, Lukáš. "Simulace výrobní linky pro kompletaci světlometu automobilu v systému Tecnomatix Process Simulate". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377090.
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This master´s thesis describes the design and realization of the simulation in program Tecnomatix Process Simulate. The thesis deals with the creation of a simulated assembly line of gluing a protective glass to the headlight. For this operation is using four stationary robotic arms. Created simulation behaves like a real robotic assembly line. In simulation is implemented several input sensors, robotic operations and conveyer structure. The control is done with PLC programmed, designed in TIA portal 14. Thesis includes a detailed description of the design whole simulation, together with the Tecnomatix Process Simulate environment. This software offer a many external commissioning and three bigger were tested, two kinds of OPC servers and PLCSIM Advanced. The conclusion of the diploma thesis describes the way of simulation control with visualization of whole process cell.
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Hauer, Petr. "Zpracování a vizualizace průmyslových signálů s využitím PLC systémů". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220259.
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This master’s thesis aims to familiarize with the types of signals used in industrial automation technology. Below are the methods for their processing and transfering to the PLC control system It is described method of processing these signals using an industrial controller of the S7 - 300 and a program for creating visualizations SIMATIC WinCC V7.0. The second part of the master’s thesis deals with the implementation of the control software of a specific technological process.
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Bražina, Jakub. "Virtuální zprovoznění výrobního systému". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400983.
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This diploma thesis deals with virtual commissioning of production system which is located in the laboratories of the Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics at the BUT. The issue of virtual commissioning is described in the theoretical part of the thesis, followed by a description of each device located in this production system. The design of the 3D model, the design of the PLC control program and also the virtual commissioning itself are described in the practical part of the thesis. There is the creation of the robot‘s program described at the end of the thesis. Several Siemens software tools were used for virtual commissioning realization (TECNOMATIX Process Simulate, TIA Portal and PLCSIM Advanced 2.0).
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Kopáč, Ondřej. "Model čističky odpadních vod řízený pomocí PLC". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442368.
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This master thesis deals with the design of a wastewater treatment plant, which will be controlled by a PLC. The theoretical part describes the types of wastewater and sewage systems that are important in the design of wastewater treatment plants. The thesis also describes programmable logic controllers, theirs programming languages, SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) systems and automation.The thesis also deals with theoretical description of wastewater treatment plants, their functions and security. Next part describes the design of the wastewater treatment plant. The last part of the thesis describes implementation of the wastewater treatment plant controlled by a PLC.
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Edgar, Alexander Montero Vera. "Virtual Commissioning of an industrialwood cutter machine : A software in the loop simulation". Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-77401.
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The methods used today for the commissioning and validation of industrial machines requires theconstruction of physical prototypes. Those prototypes help the engineers to e.g. validate if theprogram code meant to control a machine works as intended. In recent years the development ofnew techniques for the commissioning and validation of industrial machines has changed rapidlythanks to the development of new software. The method used in this thesis is called simulationin the loop. Another method that can be benecial to use is hardware in the loop. Using thosemethods for the commissioning of a machine is called virtual commissioning. The simulation inthe loop method is used to simulate both the machine and the control system that operate thatmachine. This is called a digital twin, a virtual copy of the physical hardware and its control systemthat can be used without the need for a real prototype to be available.The software used in this thesis comes all from the company Siemens and those are TIA Portal,Mechatronics Concept Designer, SIMIT and PLCSim Advanced. By using those programs it waspossible to build a digital twin with rigid body dynamics and its control system of the industrialmodel that was given by the company Renholmen AB. This model contained all the necessarycomponents needed for a virtual commissioning project to be done without the need to be at thefactory oor.The results showed that it was possible to achieve a real time simulation, allowing the possibilityto trim the controller parameters without the need of a physical prototype. Design errors were alsofound thanks to the results of the simulation.This new technique has shown to be a useful tool due to most of the work could be done on a digitalmodel of the machine. Simulations can reduce the time to market for industrial machines and alsohelp engineers to validate and optimize the product at an early stage. This tool that can be usedto validate industrial machines before they are created.
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Baťka, Tomáš. "Virtuální zprovoznění robotizované výrobní buňky". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444300.
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The diploma thesis deals with the virtual commissioning of robotic workplace designed to engrave board materials and their subsequent packaging. The summary of the knowledge that contributes to the development of the virtual commissioning as well as description of each component of the given robotic cell, are described in the theoretical part. In the practical part are described procedures such as assembling of the simulation model in Process Simulate software, creating the PLC program in integrated development environment TIA Portal or creating visualization for HMI panel. In the end, the actual commissioning of the workplace was performed, followed by additional modification and validation of the robotic program.
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Tuka, Marián. "Elektroprojekt a řízení montážní linky". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377321.
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The content of this diploma thesis is description of semi-automatic assembly line, description of design and realization of electroprojection including electrical switchboard and control panel, together with description of design and implementation of control system including communications and user interface. Part of the thesis is also the analysis and solution of safety risks using a safety controller and overall verification and evaluation of the functionality of the whole system on described line.
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Staněk, Václav. "Návrh digitálního dvojčete CNC obráběcího stroje". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402643.
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The Master’s thesis deals with design of digital twins of machine tools and application of designed procedure on a case study – digital twin of the machine tool MCV 754 Quick. In the first part are described current roles of digital twins in the field of machine tools and also hardware and software options for creating them. Software and hardware tools by Siemens (Mechatronics Concept Designer and SIMIT) are used for the case study. The complex procedure of creating the digital twin is designed in the second part, starting with preparation of a model, ending with the virtual commissioning of the machine tool MCV 754 Quick. The procedure is described in detail, including preparation of 3D model of the machine tool, assignment of physical properties and joints, preparation of PLC, connection all the elements of the whole system: Sinumerik – SIMIT – Mechatronics Concept Designer and controlling the twin via CNC automation system. Output of the thesis is the virtually commissioned machine tool, capable of being controlled by Sinumerik 840D sl. This is the first step in development of the full-fledged digital twin of machine tool, which can be used for testing the functionality and capability of this new technology in industry.
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Uddin, Md Mehrab. "Development of Advanced Process Control for Controlling a Digital Twin as a Part of Virtual Commissioning". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Elektronik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-37079.
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Over the last few decades, the complexity and variety of automation systems have increased dramatically. Commissioning has grown more and more critical for the entire industry. Conventional commissioning is time-consuming and expensive. It's always been a challenge in manufacturing to put new designs into production or implement new technologies, control codes, or tactics. In Virtual Commissioning (VC), control programs of the physical system's Digital Twin (DT) can be validated in Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) before the actual commissioning. The emergence of new VC tools and methods has become a tremendous advantage, bringing the values of shorter duration, flexibility, and lower risks to the commissioning process. In this thesis, advanced process control was developed using the software Matlab and Simulink in conjunction with the engineering tools S7-PLCSIM Advanced and STEP 7 TIA Portal to conduct VC. A VC approach with four key steps is taken to evaluate the possibility of validating advanced process control. The steps are modeling DT of a rolling mill, model-based control design, simulation model development in Simulink, communication between the simulation model and the PLC program using S-7 TIA Portal, and PLCSIM Advanced. Also, a simulated Human-Machine Interface was designed to operate and visualize the process. VC of the rolling mill process was verified and validated by Model-in-the-Loop (MIL) and SIL simulation. The simulation gives satisfactory results as both MIL and SIL show identical outputs of the process.
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Bartolomeu, Ana Cristina Sebastião. "Proposta de um portal para apoio à disciplina de TIC : AntarTIC". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1552.
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Mestrado em Gestão de InformaçãoO presente trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma proposta de um portal destinado a apoiar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da disciplina de "Introdução às Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação" (ITIC) e "Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação" (TIC) junto dos alunos do 9º e 10º anos de escolaridade. Esta proposta, que surge no seguimento de vários projectos, implementados a nível nacional, que visam a integração e aceitação das novas tecnologias de informação nas escolas do subsistema de ensino não superior, pretende ser um instrumento complementar de ensino e acompanhamento dos alunos, docentes e encarregados de educação, no contexto da disciplina, que ultrapasse o tempo e o espaço físico da sala de aula. A utilização do computador em contexto educativo associado às diversas disciplinas leccionadas no ensino básico e secundário tem vindo a crescer fruto da vontade e do conhecimento de alguns docentes que cada vez mais tendem a disponibilizar conteúdos online com o objectivo de darem maior apoio aos seus alunos e lhes permitir rever ou apreender conteúdos a seu ritmo. Muitos sites, de cariz educativo, não seguem uma estrutura definida com capacidade para responder às expectativas dos seus utilizadores e permitir uma utilização em contexto de aula. Para adequar e ajustar o projecto às necessidades dos destinatários finais, o trabalho foi desenvolvido com base na abordagem/metodologia User Centered Design durante o qual alunos, especialistas e encarregados de educação acompanharam e avaliaram o projecto nas suas várias fases de desenvolvimento. A proposta apresentada é composta por um repositório de conteúdos específicos da disciplina, por um conjunto de serviços de comunicação síncrona e assíncrona e integra ainda vários tópicos de informações relevantes para a disciplina, para o aluno, para o docente e para o encarregado de educação. O estudo de vários projectos, deste âmbito, disponíveis online, permitiu identificar um conjunto de itens a ter em atenção para que esta proposta, pensada em conjunto com os utilizadores, apresentasse uma estrutura aceite pelo público-alvo e permitisse promover o processo de ensinoaprendizagem mediado pela tecnologia. O desenvolvimento e avaliação deste protótipo permitiu verificar que, a estrutura e o modelo apresentado para este sistema terá capacidade de se ajustar a outras disciplinas apesar de se reconhecer que a disciplina em causa fomenta uma interacção quase intrínseca com o equipamento uma vez que este é simultaneamente objecto e instrumento pedagógico, ao contrário das outras que nem sempre têm à sua disponibilidade tais recursos. ABSTRACT: The following essay presents a proposal for the development of a portal meant to support teaching and learning processes in grade 9 and 10, within the subject areas of “Introduction to Information and Communication Technologies” (ITIC) and “Information and Communication Technologies” (TIC). This proposal was developed as a follow up of various projects implemented nationwide aiming the inclusion and acceptation of new information technologies in schools of non higher education subsystems and it intends to be a complementary teaching instrument and aid for students, teachers and parents, in the referred subject area, going beyond time and space of the class room boundaries. The use of computers in educational settings associated to different subject areas taught in elementary and secondary education has been growing, as a consequence of the will and knowledge of some teachers that tended to post online curriculum items, with the purpose to support even more their students and enabling them to revise or learn once more those items, in their own time and rhythm. Many internet sites, with educational vocation, do not tend to follow a specific structure capable to answer to user expectations or even appropriate to use inside a class room. In order to adjust and adequately response to users’ needs, the project was developed based on a User Centered Design methodological approach, moment in which students, specialists and parents followed and evaluated the different stages of the project. The presented proposal is composed of a repository of specific items of the subject area curriculum, a group of synchronous and asynchronous communication services and it also has a variety of relevant information topics of the subject area for students, teachers and parents. With the aid of a survey on similar projects online, it was possible to identify a specific number of items to be taken into consideration for this project, and they were discussed with the users, that enabled the creation of a structure accepted by the target public and consequently empowered the promotion of teaching and learning processes mediated by technology. The methodology that was used to develop and evaluate the proposed prototype allows the structure and the model presented, for this system, to be able to self adjust to other subject areas, despite knowing that this specific subject area (TIC) promotes interaction, a nearly intrinsic relation with the equipment, once it is simultaneously the instrument and subject of teaching, different from other subject areas that do not have this intrinsic relation.
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Cardarella, Silvio. "Cultura del rifiuto, tariffa d'igiene ambientale (TIA)e raccolta porta a porta per una gestione ambientale integrata dei rifiuti solidi urbani". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/2183/.
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Ribeiro, Nuno Ricardo Gomes. "O papel das TIC na inclusão social: o caso do portal REDEInclusão". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/9551.
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Mestrado em Comunicação MultimédiaO trabalho descrito na presente dissertação teve por objectivo o estudo, identificação e validação de um conjunto de especificações e soluções tecnológicas, baseadas na web, para apoio à problemática da exclusão social. Tendo como antecedentes os projetos “Rede Inclusão” e “Sem Barreiras”, a finalidade passou também por alargar o âmbito destas duas iniciativas, aprofundando as funcionalidades já oferecidas e procurando apresentar potencialidades no campo da comunicação tecnologicamente mediada entre os agentes implicados, nomeadamente entre indivíduos em risco de exclusão social. Por forma a encontrar soluções ajustadas a esta problemática específica foi efectuado um levantamento acerca da temática da exclusão social, analisando as suas origens, causas e efeitos e procurando perceber que estratégias podem ser tomadas no sentido da inclusão. Este estudo foi cruzado com uma análise das TIC (Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação) principalmente na sua vertente mais social, no que respeita às atuais redes sociais e procurando estudar a potencialidades introduzidas por estas novas plataformas numa vertente de promoção dos processos de participação e comunicação interpessoal entre os principais agentes que trabalham neste campo. Tentámos, desta forma, analisar o contributo que as ferramentas da web social podem ter na promoção da inclusão, quando colocados ao serviço de uma dada comunidade, ou de um conjunto de indivíduos em risco de exclusão. Os dados recolhidos serviram de guia na especificação e desenvolvimento de um protótipo cuja validação em campo permitiu um ajuste das suas funcionalidades às necessidades específicas dos seus utilizadores. No final do estudo, foi possível sistematizar um conjunto de dados concretos sobre as vantagens e desvantagens da utilização das TIC no contexto da Inclusão social, assim como disponibilizar uma ferramenta que julgamos poder não apenas servir de base para futuros desenvolvimentos e estudos, como também servir as reais necessidades das pessoas a quem se destina.
The work described in this master thesis aims to study, identify and validate a set of specifications and technological Web-based solutions to the problem of social exclusion. With the previous projects Rede Inclusão and Sem Barreiras as background, the objective is to extend the scope of these two initiatives, strengthening the functionality already offered and trying to show potential in the field of technologically mediated communication between all players involved, particularly among individuals at risk of social exclusion. In order to find viable solutions aware to this specific issue, a study was conducted on the theme of social exclusion, analysing its origins, causes and effects, and trying to realize what strategies can be taken in the sense of inclusion. This study was crossed with an analysis of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), especially about its social perspective, trying to study the potential introduced by the online social media platforms in a trend of promoting the participation and communication between key players working in this field. Therefore, we tried to analyse the contribution that the Web tools can play in promoting social inclusion, when placed at the disposal of a given community or individuals at risk of exclusion. The data collected served as a guide in the specification and development of a prototype whose validation in field took into account the specific needs of its users. Ultimately, it was possible to systematize a set of concrete data on the advantages and disadvantages of using ICT in the context of social inclusion as well as provide a tool that we believe can not only serve as a basis for future developments and studies, but also serve the real needs of the people to whom it is intended.
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Freitas, Larissa Astrogildo de. "M?tricas para ontologias : revis?o sistem?tica e aplica??o ao portal OntoLP". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5101.
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-15Ao tratarmos da constru??o e da disponibiliza??o de ontologias nos deparamos com as seguintes limita??es: a constru??o de ontologias exige a presen?a de especialistas do dom?nio e portanto apresenta um custo elevado, muitas ontologias podem conter dados protegidos por algum tipo de direito o que dificulta sua disponibiliza??o, al?m disso para aquelas que podem ser compartilhadas existe o problema como encontr?-las. O Projeto OntoLP visa atenuar os problemas acima, uma vez que se prop?e a colaborar na disponibiliza??o de ontologias em l?ngua portuguesa, ferramentas e publica??es relacionadas. Dado um conjunto de ontologias ? importante reunir informa??es que ajudem os pesquisadores a conhecer os recursos dispon?veis de forma ?gil. Uma ?rea em desenvolvimento neste cen?rio ? a ?rea de m?tricas para ontologias, por?m existem muitas propostas, n?o padronizadas, de m?tricas na literatura. Sendo assim, procuramos neste trabalho fazer um levantamento exaustivo sobre m?tricas para ontologias atrav?s de uma revis?o sistem?tica. Depois de analisadas as m?tricas, um sistema que realiza o c?lculo de m?tricas em ontologias OWL foi desenvolvido e aplicado ao portal de ontologias OntoLP. O objetivo ? ajudar na busca por ontologias. Por fim, o uso das m?tricas no portal foi avaliado por meio de um question?rio. Os resultados do question?rio de maneira geral se mostraram satisfat?rios, uma vez que foi poss?vel detectar um alto n?vel de concord?ncia perante respostas das quest?es sobre a utilidade das m?tricas em reposit?rios espec?ficos para ontologias.
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Mesquita, Fernanda Cristina de. "Efeito da liraglutida sobre a fibrose hep?tica e c?lulas estreladas ativadas". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2017. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7593.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Liver fibrosis is the wound healing response to repeated injury of the liver. This process begins with the damage of the parenchymal cells and subsequent inflammation, characterized by the rupture of the hepatic architecture associated to the increase of the expression of the components of the extracellular matrix. The development of hepatic fibrosis is based on the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) that undergo phenotypic changes and are characterized by loss of vitamin A deposition and increased cell proliferation, triggering hepatic microcirculatory dysfunction and fibrogenesis in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Liraglutide is a GLP-1 agonist (glucagon-like peptide 1) well established as an antidiabetic drug, but also has anti-inflammatory properties, in addition to the effectiveness for NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of liraglutide on the HSC phenotype and liver microvascular function using diverse pre-clinical models of CLD. The results obtained demonstrate that Liraglutide de-activated human and rat HSC phenotype through a GLP1-Rindependent mechanism. Liraglutide did not affect the HSC viability but decreased cell proliferation. CLD-rats receiving liraglutide exhibited significantly lower portal pressure (-20%) with a consequent reduction in intrahepatic vascular resistance. There was also a marked improvements in hepatic vascular function, fibrosis, HSC phenotype and sinusoidal endothelial phenotype. The anti-fibrotic effects of liraglutide were confirmed in human liver tissue. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that liraglutide improves hepatic sinusoidal endothelium in clinically relevant experimental models of cirrhosis, which leads to improvement in fibrosis and portal hypertension, and therefore is valid in the treatment of advanced chronic liver disease.
A fibrose hep?tica ? a resposta cicatricial do f?gado ? les?es repetidas. Este processo inicia com o dano das c?lulas parenquimatosas e consecutiva inflama??o, caracterizado pelo rompimento da arquitetura hep?tica associada ao aumento da express?o dos componentes da matriz extracelular. O desenvolvimento da fibrose hep?tica ? baseado na ativa??o das c?lulas hep?ticas estreladas (HSC) que sofrem mudan?as fenot?picas e se caracterizam pela perda do dep?sito de vitamina A e aumento da prolifera??o celular, desencadeando disfun??o microcirculat?ria hep?tica e fibrog?nese nos pacientes com doen?a hep?tica cr?nica (CLD). A liraglutida ? um an?lago do GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) bem estabelecido como f?rmaco antidiab?tico, mas que tamb?m possui propriedades antinflamat?rias, al?m da efetividade para NAFLD (doen?a hep?tica gordurosa n?o alco?lica). Por essa raz?o, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da liraglutida sobre o fen?tipo das HSC e a fun??o microvascular hep?tica utilizando diversos modelos pr?-cl?nicos de CLD. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a liraglutida desativou o fen?tipo das HSC humanas e de ratos atrav?s de um mecanismo independente do receptor GLP1. A liraglutida n?o afetou a viabilidade das HSC mas diminuiu a prolifera??o celular. Os ratos com CLD que receberam liraglutida apresentaram press?o portal significativamente menor (-20%) com consequente redu??o da resist?ncia vascular intra-hep?tica. Houve tamb?m uma acentuada melhoria na fun??o vascular hep?tica, fibrose, fen?tipo das HSC e fen?tipo endotelial sinusoidal. Os efeitos anti-fibr?ticos da liraglutida tamb?m foram confirmados em tecido hep?tico humano. Como conclus?o, este estudo demonstra pela primeira vez que a liraglutida melhora o endotelio sinusoidal hep?tico em modelos experimentais clinicamente relevantes de cirrose, o que leva a melhora no quadro fibr?tico e na hipertens?o portal e, portanto, pode ser v?lido no tratamento da doen?a hep?tica cr?nica avan?ada.
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Oliveira, Nara Pollyanne de Araújo Ramalho. "Utilização das ferramentas do portal educacional no ensino superior". Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2006. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/282.
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This work conducted at Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió CESMAC and
investigated the utilization of teaching suporting techniques tools in the process of distant
education. It made use of Portal Educacional to examine their contribuition in the
formation process of the lecturer, their use by the professors in the semipresent training
modality and also to report their academic application in the institution. The focus of the
research was located in every unit of CESMAC: Faculdade de Ciências Juridicas;
Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde; Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e
Tecnológicas; Faculdade de Educação e Comunicação; Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e
Faculdade de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, in which participants were the professors who,
to a greater or lesser extent, made use of the portal in the period of four months, from
August to November/2005. The methodology used was base don a case study with a
qualitative. The first chapter of the work deals with the necessity and utility of the ICT in
the initial formation of the instructor, the is related to the utilization of the ITC in the
semipresent university teaching and the third in the utilization of the Educational Portal.Esta pesquisa investiga a utilização das ferramentas de suporte à docência na educação a distância, a partir das possibilidades oferecidas por portais educacionais para a formação docente e a utilização deste pelos professores do ensino superior na modalidade semipresencial e do relato do uso das ferramentas do Portal Universitário pelos professores do Centro de Estudos Superiores de Maceió. O locus da pesquisa englobou todas as Faculdades do CESMAC: Faculdade de Ciências Jurídicas; Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde; Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas; Faculdade de Educação e Comunicação; Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Faculdade de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas. Os envolvidos foram os professores que mais e menos utilizaram o Portal Universitário de agosto a novembro de 2005. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa. No estudo são tratadas a necessidade e utilidade das TIC na formação inicial dos professores, o uso das TIC no ensino superior semipresencial e a utilização do Portal Educacional pelos professores do ensino superior .
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Mendes, S??rgio Peixoto. "Pr??tica motivacional de compartilhamento do conhecimento organizacional em portais corporativos". Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, 2004. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/123456789/1400.
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Previous issue date: 2004-11-25In the current context of the age of knowledge one of the biggest challenges faced for the organizations it is to manage the tacit knowledge. Some unsatisfactory initiatives have presented resulted and the returns of the investments have not been the waited one for the organizations. To manage the knowledge is basic to keep the competitiveness in a market each more demanding time, where, to add new values to the product it depends, basically, of an efficient management of the intellectual assets. But, as to manage the knowledge that is in the head of the people? How to motivate them it the sharing? To answer to these questions, the study it understood a supported theoretical referencial in management of the knowledge, internal marketing and corporative vestibules. The quantitative, descriptive research and of field was carried through in the SERPRO and counted on the opinion of 55 managers of the knowledge. The result was the identification of the necessary subsidies for elaboration of programs that allow to measure and to implement practical of recognition and rewards aiming at to to improve sharing of the enterprise knowledge. One presents a proposal for the construction of strategical and operational a panel of pointers, making possible the application of objective criteria in the awarding process and rewards. It is concluded that only the existence of a corporative vestibule is not condition enough to guarantee the sharing of the enterprise knowledge, is necessary to develop practical adjusted motivations, together to its picture of collaborators, so that the tacit knowledge can be shared in corporative vestibules.
No contexto atual da era do conhecimento um dos maiores desafios enfrentados pelas organiza????es ?? o de gerir o conhecimento t??cito. Algumas iniciativas t??m apresentado resultados insatisfat??rios e, consequentemente, o retornos dos investimentos n??o tem sido o esperado pelas organiza????es. Gerir o conhecimento ?? fundamental para manter a competitividade num mercado cada vez mais exigente, onde, agregar novos valores ao produto depende, basicamente, de uma gest??o eficaz dos ativos intelectuais. Mas, como gerenciar o conhecimento que est?? na cabe??a das pessoas? Como motiv??-las ao compartilhamento? Para responder a estas quest??es, o estudo compreendeu um referencial te??rico apoiado em gest??o do conhecimento, marketing interno e portais corporativos. A pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e de campo foi realizada no SERPRO e contou com a opini??o de 55 gestores do conhecimento. O resultado foi a identifica????o dos subs??dios necess??rios para elabora????o de programas que permitam mensurar e implementar pr??ticas de reconhecimento e recompensas visando alavancar o compartilhamento do conhecimento organizacional. Apresenta-se uma proposta para a constru????o de um painel de indicadores estrat??gico e operacional, viabilizando a aplica????o de crit??rios objetivos no processo de premia????o e recompensa. Conclui-se que apenas a exist??ncia de um portal corporativo n??o ?? condi????o suficiente para garantir o compartilhamento do conhecimento organizacional, ?? preciso desenvolver pr??ticas motivacionais adequadas, junto ao seu quadro de colaboradores, para que o conhecimento t??cito possa ser compartilhado em portais corporativos.
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Šuba, Marek. "Digitální zprovoznění robotizovaného výrobního systému pro odporové navařování". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443726.
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The subject of this diploma thesis is the simulation and digital commissioning of a robotic production system for welding elements such as studs on sheet metal parts. The basis of the work is search of information related to industrial robots, PLC control, tools used for welding, fixtures, manipulators, sensors, safety and protection elements commonly used in such production systems. The second part of the work deals with the given problem and it is a virtual commissioning of the given concept of a robotic production system. This means creating its simulation model in the Process Simulate environment, selecting robots, creating robotic trajectories, collision analysis, creating sensors, signals and optimization. Last part includes the connection of the simulation model with the software S-7PLCSIM Advanced and TIA Portal, the creation of control PLC logic in the form of a program, visualization and verification of their functionality using the above-mentioned connection with the simulation model.
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MARTINEZ, RICO FERNANDO 667599 y RICO FERNANDO MARTINEZ. "Gobierno Electrónico en América Latina. Estudio Comparativo de Portales Web de Administraciones Locales de México, Chile, Colombia y Uruguay". Tesis de maestría, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/67959.
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Comparar por medio del modelo evolutivo los portales de gobiernos locales de 4 países de América Latina es el objetivo de esta investigación, es decir, observar y analizar el grado de avance del gobierno electrónico en la esfera local mediante la revisión de los portales web de 16 municipios distribuidos en México, Chile, Colombia y Uruguay. Con ello se pretende resolver la interrogante sobre qué tan desarrollados están los portales municipales en Latinoamérica y si es que influyen los gobiernos nacionales en el desarrollo del gobierno digital. La hipótesis que guía esta investigación es: actualmente en América Latina el gobierno electrónico y en concreto los portales web mejoran la gestión local, la hacen más efectiva y cercana, y por medio del modelo evolutivo se comprueba el avance; aunque este progreso no depende del gobierno nacional, de las condiciones sociodemográficas municipales o de la mera adopción de tecnología, pues sólo es un medio, el avance obedece al gobierno local mismo, es decir, a la voluntad de llevar a cabo estrategias digitales que logren eficiencia, eficacia, transparencia y comunicación directa entre administración y ciudadanos.
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Giovenardi, Ma?ra. "Viv?ncias desencadeadas pela reforma psiqui?trica : das correntes ?s portas abertas". Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/490.
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Previous issue date: 2011-01-24A viv?ncia dos atores desencadeadas pela Reforma Psiqui?trica ? o tema da presente disserta??o, resultante de uma pesquisa fundamentada na perspectiva dial?tico-cr?tica e no pressuposto de que a sa?de ? resultante de fatores determinantes e condicionantes, abrangendo ?mbitos da vida como moradia, lazer, trabalho, educa??o, seguran?a e outros. Como estrat?gia para coleta de dados, as t?cnicas utilizadas foram: - a hist?ria oral tem?tica a qual se optou para pesquisar as viv?ncias de interna??o, tratamento e utiliza??o da rede de aten??o ? sa?de mental pelos participantes a partir do movimento da Reforma Psiqui?trica; - a observa??o sistem?tica e a an?lise de documentos oficiais como prontu?rios do hospital psiqui?trico, a legisla??o existente sobre Sa?de Mental do Brasil e Rio Grande do Sul. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa s?o: -o portador de sofrimento ps?quico egresso de um hospital psiqui?trico localizado na regi?o metropolitana de Porto Alegre, - o seu familiar e/ou cuidador, - o profissional da rede de aten??o ? sa?de mental e o profissional de hospital psiqui?trico. O conte?do dos relatos e depoimentos subsidiou o material para an?lise de conte?do e apontou: significativos avan?os na Pol?tica de Sa?de Mental com melhora da qualidade de vida dos sujeitos; a riqueza das hist?rias revelou aspectos de prote??o aos direitos dos portadores de sofrimento ps?quico bem como aspectos de viola??o de direitos, mas, principalmente destacou a necessidade de investimentos financeiros e pol?ticos para expans?o e qualifica??o dos servi?os da rede de aten??o ? sa?de mental, conjuntamente com a??es na sociedade que abordem o novo modelo de aten??o ? sa?de mental, garantindo dessa forma o exerc?cio de cidadania de um segmento da sociedade que teve por s?culos seus direitos negados sendo submetido aos espa?os fechados dos hospitais psiqui?tricos.
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Procopio, Alberto. "Exploiting the peri effect in thia-substituted napthalenes". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2004. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploiting-the-peri-effect-in-thiasubstituted-napthalenes(b0deed4f-d3b1-4772-8843-cf9a7ec0ed41).html.
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Murray, Andrea Clare. "Smallholder tea producer experiences of Voluntary Private Standards". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/smallholder-tea-producer-experiences-of-voluntary-private-standards(5b4f451a-5403-4b84-ac3c-6278242c9dbd).html.
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I analyse smallholder tea producer experiences of dual-certification to Fairtrade and Organic Voluntary Private Standards (VPSs). Dual-certification represented a gold-standard in pro-development certifications, implying alignment between the standards and producer priorities. Yet certification required smallholders to implement two different and challenging standards simultaneously, and the smallholder category was heterogeneous. Gaps in knowledge persisted regarding smallholder implementation of dual-certification in South Indian tea. The main contribution of this research was empirical, investigating 1) reasons for the extension of dual-certification, 2) implications for export-market access and 3) conflicts of practice with norms among tea farmers. I adopted an agricultural marketing network scope to tether Global Value Chain analytical tools into producer contexts. This maintained the connection of producers with global tea buyers and global standards, contributing to understanding the exercises of power by institutions. This research examined the context of South Indian tea, identifying tea production and marketing networks of industry actors, local institutions, industry conventions and Fairtrade-Organic governance. The use of secondary data was complimented by qualitative techniques. I used a case study approach, recruiting one Fairtrade-Organic, dual-certified producer group and one non-certified producer group of smallholders. I sampled key power nodes in networks to generate interview data with key agents including farmers, producer group managers, tea buyers, standard setters and background institution informants. I held 40 interviews with 60 participants during 7 months in South India and the UK.Global Value Chain analysis represented the founding framework that considered standards as governing production and trade in certified commodities. GVC approaches analysed the distribution of benefits and market access between actors in GVCs. Powerful lead firms controlled chain coordination, shaped competition, market access and costs of compliance. The sociological redefinition of power led to standards theorised as legitimated conceptions of the good, the fair and the environmental, with attention turning to producer accounts of governance and standards. The thesis contributes to a growing literature highlighting agency, governmentality, and powers of institutions, in GVCs. Global standards were expressions of fragmented power in governmentality. I analysed accounts of the extension of dual-certification, attendant changes to market access and performances of implementation, seeing through farmers‘ eyes. I derived from data 3 empirical contributions. Firstly, producer institutions and gatekeepers exercised power by affecting smallholder certifications. Yet smallholders were purposeful agents who drove their certification statuses. Secondly, certification did not define market access; quality remained paramount. Fairtrade-Organic standards carried definitions of quality that were intangible, taking the ascertainment of leaf quality from the hands of farmers. Finally, smallholder agent behaviours were analysed as negotiations of Fairtrade-Organic and tea industry valuations of good tea practices. Standards were not pre-defined, bringing compliance costs; rather, Fairtrade-Organic existed in, was constituted by, smallholder performances. Attempts to enhance the legitimacy of FLO governance by aligning standards with producer priorities involved producer regional forums. Alignment was skewed by FLO‘s failure to distinguish smallholder from plantation priorities. This parallels a pro-market pragmatism about the future of Fairtrade.
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Charoenchon, Nisamanee. "Can green tea catechin supplement protect against photoageing?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/can-green-tea-catechin-supplement-protect-against-photoageing(64eefb5f-ef37-4900-9c03-3477c8a74e50).html.
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Photoaged skin caused by chronic ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is characterised clinically with hyperpigmentation, coarse skin texture and deep wrinkles; the worst outcome is skin cancer. Histological investigation of the alteration within major extracellular matrices (ECM; elastic fibres, fibrillar collagens) is essential study to understand the cellular effect on skin structure from UVR. This thesis used an acute dose of radiation to examine in humans in vivo the effect of UVR on ECM components before assessing whether a dietary intervention could protect skin from UVR damage. Green tea catechins (GTCs) have anti-oxidant properties and may be an interesting option as a systemic photoprotection agent. Hence this thesis assesses: 1) the effect of acute irradiation of skin on dermal ECM damage to see whether it mimics the changes observed in photoageing and; 2) whether dietary supplementation with GTC will provide dermal ECM protection. UV-induced change in elastic fibre network. Initially, the effect of two different UV light sources on elastic fibre protein (elastic fibres, fibrillin-rich microfibrils and fibulin-2 and -5 microfibrils) remodelling was performed. The effect of ultraviolet B vs full-spectrum solar simulated radiation (SSR) were investigated in a small sample of healthy Caucasian volunteers (n = 6 per group). At 24 hour after 3× MED irradiation, Weigert's resorcin–fuchsin stained elastic fibres showed a significant reduction regardless of irradiation protocol (UVB, P<0.01; SSR P<0.05). Specific components were identified by immunohistochemistry; a significant reduction in fibrillin-rich microfibrils (FRM) was observed in UVB-irradiated skin (P<0.05), whilst fibulin-5-positive microfibrils were only affected by SSR (P<0.05). The data revealed, therefore, differential effects on UV wavelength on ECM remodelling. SSR, the more physiologically relevant light source was used in subsequent studies Supplement effect in SSR-induced damage in elastic fibre. Fifty healthy volunteers were recruited to this randomised control trial to investigate whether GTC can protect skin from photodamage. Volunteers were randomized to GTC (1080 mg plus 100 mg vitamin C; n=25) or placebo (maltodextrin; n = 25) daily for 12-weeks with compliance assessed biochemically in urine samples. Of the n = 50 recruited, 44 volunteers completed the study. In baseline, UVR challenge resulted in a significant remodeling of the cutaneous elastic fiber system (P<0.001), particularly fibulin-2 and fibulin-5-positive microfibrils at 24-hr after 3×MED irradiation. In post-supplementation, fibulin-5 positive microfibrils were protected from UVR remodeling (% staining, mean ± SE; no UV, 18.1±0.89; UVR, 17.1±0.61; P=0.30) whilst no protection was seen in the placebo group (no UVR, 19.41±0.79; UVR, 17.69±0.61; P<0.05). Supplement effect in SSR-induced damage in collagenous matrix. In the identical experiment, collagenous matrices including synthesis of procollagen I was also examined as fibrillar collagens are the major ECM components providing strength within dermis. The fibrillar collagen and newly synthesised procollagen I were stained by Picrosirius red and immunohistochemistry respectively. At baseline, acute irradiation significantly reduced papillary dermal fibrillar collagens (P<0.001) and induced deposition of newly synthesised pro-collagen I (P=0.02). In post-supplementation, GTC enhanced the deposition of thin collagen fibres in the dermis. Whilst placebo showed no effect on the altered organisation of fibrillar collagens or deposition of pro-collagen I following the irradiation challenge, GTC protected the organisation of fibrillar collagens in the papillary dermis (P=0.97).This novel in vivo human study may be used to recapitulate elastic fibre and collagen changes associated with photoageing and may be useful for dissecting out the mechanisms underlying extracellular matrix damage in response to chronic sunlight exposure. Furthermore, in a randomized control trial, dietary GTC protected fibulin-5 microfibrils and collagen fibres in the papillary dermis from UV-mediated degradation. The mechanism by which this protection occurs requires further study.
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Evans, Gemma. "Parenting skills training as an intervention for tic disorders". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/parenting-skills-training-as-an-intervention-for-tic-disorders(062fa8b4-1398-4200-9882-45f77254dcbd).html.
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Tic disorders can have a significant emotional and social impact on children and their families. There is increasing support for the use of parenting programmes in childhood conditions; however research into the applicability of such programmes in tic disorders is limited. This thesis therefore aimed to investigate the topic of parenting interventions in tic disorders. The thesis presents five chapters, written as a series of self-contained papers and prepared in accordance with selected journal submission guidance. Paper 1 is a systematic literature review of the implementation and effectiveness of behavioural parent training programmes across neurodevelopmental disorders. Twenty-two randomised controlled studies were included in the review. Neurodevelopmental disorders included attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autistic spectrum conditions, intellectual difficulties and developmental disorders and tic disorders. Training programmes included Triple P, Barkley’s Defiant Children, Parent Child Interaction Therapy, New Forest Parenting, Parenting your Hyperactive Preschooler, Parents Plus Children, Preschoolers with Autism, Incredible Years and an idiosyncratic programme. Effects of interventions on child outcomes were examined alongside intervention characteristics and content. Results indicated robust evidence for effects of parent training on attention-deficit/hyperactivity difficulties and externalising difficulties, across neurodevelopmental disorders and training programmes. Evidence to support the effect of parent training on internalising, social and global difficulties across disorders was less robust, with fewer and inconsistent outcomes reported. Clinical and research implications resulting from the findings are discussed. Papers 2 and 3 present empirical studies. Both studies are Q-methodological investigations into opinions on parenting interventions in tic disorders. Q-methodology is a technique which enables participants’ subjective viewpoints to be grouped using by-person factor analysis. Views on the acceptability, effectiveness, feasibility and utility of parenting interventions were explored across parents of children with tic disorders (Paper 2) and professionals (Paper 3). Across both studies, seven main factors were identified (parents four, professionals three). Findings highlighted that interventions were generally considered acceptable, justified and perceived as needed. However, important differences in opinions were found within and between parent and professional groups, highlighting key clinical considerations for possible intervention format, delivery and content. Paper 4 provides a commentary of the clinical implications of these findings when the two studies are considered together, and provides guidance to further develop and implement interventions. Paper 5 presents a critical review, including discussion of the strengths, limitations and implications of the findings, alongside personal reflections on the research process.
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Castandet, Stephanie. "Matériaux et décors colorés dans l'abbatiale Cluny III : approche archéométrique". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2015/document.
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L’étude des matériaux et des décors colorés de l’abbatiale Cluny III s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet Gunzo (Arts et Métiers ParisTech – Cluny) qui avait pour but la valorisation du patrimoine clunisien par l'intermédiaire des technologies numériques en réalité virtuelle. Un des axes de ce projet était d’élaborer une restitution virtuelle de la Maior Ecclesia en recréant une architecture la plus proche possible de la réalité à l’aide de l’étude des vestiges et des sources iconographiques et historiques qui nous sont parvenus associée aux recherches archéologiques les plus récentes. Outre l’architecture, il s’agissait également de proposer une restitution des décors de l’abbatiale et de son ambiance colorée. Nous avons concentré nos recherches, dans ce travail doctoral, sur les fragments de vitraux archéologiques mis au jour sur les sites de Cluny et de Paray-le-Monial, ainsi que sur les polychromies des fragments lapidaires du portail roman de Cluny, par une approche archéométrique. Les vitraux sont des éléments filtrants qui modulent la lumière tant en quantité qu’en coloration et jouent donc un rôle important dans la création d’une ambiance lumineuse et colorée. Les décors polychromes participent également à l’amélioration et la coloration de l’éclairement. De plus la connaissance des matériaux d’origine est préalable à toute restitution virtuelle en raison de la possible altération des pigments ou des décors métalliques (modification de la couleur) et d’éventuels repeints pouvant induire des changements de parti coloré.Une grande majorité des fragments de verre ont été mis au jour dans des contextes de remblais limitant leur datation à une approche typo-chronologique. Les classifications archéologiques élaborées ont été confrontées aux résultats d’analyses physico-chimiques qui nous ont permis d’affiner la datation de certains fragments et nous ont apporté de nombreux détails techniques. En ce qui concerne le portail de la Maior Ecclesia, qui occupe une place centrale dans l’art roman, nous avons précisé l’image de ce « puzzle lapidaire » tant au niveau de l’iconographie que de la polychromie. L’analyse physico-chimique des restes colorés a permis d’identifier les différents matériaux mis en œuvre dans la décoration du portail. Nous avons pu observer quatre phases polychromes, l’utilisation de pigments coûteux et l’abondance des décors métalliques.Nous avons ainsi contribué à la compréhension des décors colorés de l’abbatiale clunisienne. Cette étude représente une étape dans la compréhension d’un patrimoine archéologique qui, tôt ou tard, sera enrichi ; rappelons en effet qu’une partie des fragments de l’abbatiale est encore enfouieThe study of materials and coloured decors of the abbey-church Cluny III is part of the Gunzo project (Arts et Métiers ParisTech – Cluny) which led the research and the promotion of the cluniac heritage thanks to digital technologies and virtual reality. This interdisciplinary team worked on the creation of a new digital model of the Maior Ecclesia, according to the latest scientific research, including the archaeological excavations and the study of the documentary and iconographic sources. Besides the architecture, it was also to propose a restoration of the decors of the abbey-church and its colourful atmosphere.The research in this doctoral work is focused on the fragments of archeological glass windows excavated in the sites of Cluny and Paray-le-Monial, as well as on the polychromies of the lapidary fragments of the Great Portal of Cluny using an archaeometric approach. The stained glass windows are filter elements that modulate the light in quantity and in colour. As such, they play a key role in creating a luminous and colourful atmosphere. The polychrome decors also contribute to the improvement and coloration of the lighting. Moreover, knowing the original materials is a prerequisite for any virtual restoration because of the possible alteration of pigments or metal decorations (color change) and possible repaints which can induce changes in colourful design.A large majority of glass fragments were excavated in the ruins of the churches, restricting their dating to a typo-chronological approach. The archaeological classifications performed from the relative chronology, typology and appearance of the vitreous material were compared with results of physicochemical analyses. These helped to refine the dating of certain fragments and identified many technical details. With regard to the portal of the Maior Ecclesia, which occupies a central place in the Romanesque art, the picture of this "lapidary puzzle" in iconography and in polychromy has been clarified. The characterization of the colourful remains has enabled identification of the different materials used in the decoration of the portal. Four polychrome phases, the use of expensive pigments and abundance of metal decorations were observed.In this way, this research has contributed to the understanding of the colourful decors of the Maior Ecclesia. This study represents a stage in the comprehension of an archaeological heritage which, sooner or later, will be further enhanced. It is important to remember that fragments of the abbey-church remain buried
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Cardone, Alfred Christopher. "Occupying the Tea Party : the rise of contemporary libertarian culture in the United States". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/occupying-the-tea-party(5c5a00d1-5e01-4e7e-a7ec-c29026d06ff1).html.
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Common opinion concerning Occupy and the Tea Party is that they represent extreme ends of the "left-right" political paradigm in the United States. With Republican "Tea Party" candidates and the "hippy" appearance of Occupy encampments, it is no surprise that such opinions exist today. However, does this imply that there is no alternative characterization that can be applied to either? I argue that there is another way to characterize them, if one abandons the homogenous description many place on both movements and realize that there are many actors in American politics today that assume the title of Occupy or Tea Party. Upon considering this, sections of both become noticeable that have escaped national attention and have largely been ignored by established media outlets (TV news, newspapers, etc.). These sections are largely comprised of libertarian and anarchist elements that are seeking to redefine how Americans view their political system in order to escape the perceived injustices that occurred in the aftermath of the housing bubble collapse and the subsequent recession. They are acting in stark contrast to the recognizable conservative section of the Tea Party and progressive section of Occupy, who are pursuing largely established partisan agendas. While conservatives and progressives are accentuating the polarization of American politics, libertarians seek to transcend it and offer alternatives to an American public that is frustrated with the status quo. Furthermore, many of these libertarian and anarchist elements in both the Tea Party and Occupy are working together, creating a larger ideological political spectrum in which these activists look to cooperate and further their message. It challenges the notion of both being polar opposites, which becomes even more apparent after discovering the libertarian origins of both. Libertarians and anarchists have demonstrated how the Tea Party and Occupy have incorrectly been confined within certain definitions and the possibilities they can bring to American politics.
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Dhami, Neha. "Interference of central metabolism (TCA cycle) to influence CHO cell productivity". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/interference-of-central-metabolism-tca-cycle-to-influence-cho-cell-productivity(a0854462-66d2-498e-bf5e-2f651907572d).html.
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This PhD project explored the role of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes in regulating Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell metabolism with respect to growth and recombinant protein expression. It was hypothesised that regulation of central metabolism can influence CHO cell productivity in terms of biomass and protein production. Thus the aim of these studies was to identify the key metabolic reactions of the TCA cycle associated with growth and protein expression in CHO cells. The gene expression of all TCA cycle genes was independently knocked-down using RNAi technology. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated silencing of 11 TCA cycle genes significantly reduced cellular growth along with a decline in adenylate energy charges and an increase in catabolic reduction charges. The gene profiling of glucose and amino acid metabolism (not targeted by siRNA) suggested siRNA mediated knock-down of targeted TCA cycle genes led to cellular stress along with an enhanced rate of glycolysis leading to channelling of glucose for the generation of pyruvate. For the purpose of estimating intracellular metabolites, quenching and extraction method using ammonium bicarbonate and methanol was optimised to use with UCB CHO-K1 cell line and static transient siRNA transfections. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis post-silencing of the aconitase gene, which catalyses the conversion of citrate to isocitrate in the TCA cycle, yielded higher MS peak intensities of at least four metabolites (gluconic acid, lysine, threonine and leucine) 72 h post-transfection in comparison to the controls. Transient knock-down of gene expression of seven TCA cycle genes in a recombinant stable cell line (expressing a rabbit monoclonal antibody) reduced cellular growth and altered the energy charges leading to a decline in antibody expression. Although silencing of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 gene, which is the component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex connecting glycolysis to the TCA cycle, did not affect cell viability, a reduction in antibody expression was recorded. Seven TCA cycle genes which demonstrated the most significant effect on cellular growth and energy charges were transiently over-expressed along with a monoclonal antibody in CHO-K1 cells with addition of their corresponding preceding intermediates. No differences in protein expression and cell specific productivity were observed compared to the control transfections. These results could be due to limitations of the effects of transient transfections for enhancing the metabolic activity of CHO cells. The aconitase gene demonstrated the most significant effect on CHO cell growth and proliferation in this study, therefore this gene was proposed as a novel selection marker for a metabolic selection system for the generation of recombinant therapeutics. This PhD project also established metabolite analysis tools and siRNA protocols for future metabolomic studies for investigating the intracellular CHO metabolism. The findings validated the hypothesis that TCA cycle plays an important role in CHO cell growth and recombinant protein production. The key metabolic genes affecting cellular growth and altering energy metabolism can be further explored for generation of an energy efficient CHO host-cell line (by over-expression of key TCA cycle genes) for enhanced recombinant protein production.
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Cárdenas, Vargas Edwin. "Aplicación de Movie Maker (TIC) en el aprendizaje de historia en los estudiantes del Instituto Superior Pedagógico “Raúl Porras Barrenechea” de Jesús María". Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/11475.
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Permite encontrar respuestas a la inquietud por conocer con objetividad cuánto ha logrado esta institución en su labor formativa de futuros docentes respecto los procesos académicos que requieren el apoyo de las TIC y específicamente del programa Movie Maker. Mediante la identificación del problema se evidencia la necesidad de que las nuevas generaciones de docentes conozcan y apliquen el Movie Maker para consolidar su aprendizaje en la asignatura de Historia. Asimismo mediante la utilización de fuentes bibliográficas, se desarrolló las fundamentaciones de las variables de estudio de acuerdo a los autores utilizados. De acuerdo al diseño causi - experimental se pudo demostrar el valor didáctico de Movie Maker, donde la población y muestra constan de 60 estudiantes del Instituto Superior Pedagógico Privado Raúl Porras Barrenechea de Jesús María.Tesis
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Wong, Shiu Hong Trevor. "Ground reaction forces and plantar pressure distribution generated by two Tai Chi movements". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/ground-reaction-forces-and-plantar-pressure-distribution-generated-by-two-tai-chi-movements(936b1205-59ce-49bf-adf4-2a198524babb).html.
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Tai Chi Chuan, Tai Chi (TC) in short, is a popular form of Chinese martial arts which have been practised by millions of people and provides various health benefits, such as improving balance control, strengthening leg muscles, reducing fear of falling, enhancing flexibility and many more. The American Geriatrics Society and the British Geriatrics Society have recommended TC as a suitable exercise for preventing falls of older people. However, it is not clear which TC components are the most effective for balance improvement. In addition, it is also unknown what differences in biomechanics aspects are between non-TC participants and experienced TC practitioners. This thesis aims to provide new knowledge and understanding of the kinetics and kinematics characteristics of two most frequently presented TC foot movements: push-hand and Tai Chi gait (TCG), through a comparative experimental study on the ground reaction forces (GRFs) and plantar pressure distribution on both feet induced by TC and non-TC participants. Three hypotheses were proposed for facilitating this research. The characteristics of foot/leg movements in each of the simplified 24-form TC are investigated and each form is classified into one of four types. Two most frequently presented foot movements, push-hand and TCG foot movements, were identified, which are embedded in 18 of the 24 forms. This forms a basis for further biomechanics study. Ten male TC and ten male non-TC participants attended the experiments while performing push-hand, with and without an opponent, and TCG. The GRFs in the three perpendicular directions and plantar pressure distribution were measured simultaneously through using two force platforms and an insole system. A video recording system was also used to capture the movements of selected points on the subjects. The kinematics data were used to identify the critical positions that divide the leg stance phases of TCG.The characteristics of the foot forces during the two fundamental foot movements were examined and revealed. The differences and similarities on the GRFs and plantar pressure distribution generated by the two groups of participants were assessed and identified. The similarities show that the non-TC participants are able to achieve similar characteristics of foot forces as the TC participants do. The differences show that the TC participants have better control of their body movement, generating larger GRFs during push-hand and smaller GRFs during TCG in the two horizontal directions. These reflect the TC participants’ ability developed by practising TC for several years which cannot be achieved by the non-TC participants during the tests. It is also demonstrated that push-hand generates the lowest vertical foot forces among those generated by other possible human movements, such as TCG and walking.
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Botten, Dominic Frith. "A computational exploration of green tea catechins and their interaction with cardiac proteins". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2015. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-computational-exploration-of-green-tea-catechins-and-their-interaction-with-cardiac-proteins(21113980-000f-4c0a-b760-4336e7ef3ee3).html.
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Green tea catechins have been in use for some time as a curative for a number of disorders and illnesses, however their direct benefits are still disputed. In this thesis several computational techniques have been applied to systems involving green tea catechins in order to study their properties and better ascertain their supposed health benefits. Based on first principles data, classical force fields of four selected green tea catechins (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate (EGCg), (-)-Epicatechin 3- Gallate (ECg), (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-(3-O-Methyl)-Gallate (EGCmg) and (-)-Epigallocatechin (EGC) have been parametrised in order to examine their behaviour under different conditions. Classical Molecular Dynamics coupled with Metadynamics has been used to explore the potential energy surface of these molecules as a function of selected torsions deemed crucial to the conformation of the system. In depth analysis of their interactions under classical conditions has been carried out in gas phase, water and chloroform. The catechins EGCg and EGC were further examined using Density Functional Theory (DFT) to determine their radical properties which are closely linked to their antioxidant activity. By calculating their ionisation potentials, bond dissociation enthalpies and acidity in gas phase, water and benzene solution we find little difference in their energies, despite large structural differences, and we investigate the limit of DFT in accurately describing these systems. Classical simulations of the cardiac protein Troponin C (a protein known to be crucial to the process of heart contraction), in complex with EGCg, were carried out from the basis of previous experimental work and it was found that EGCg exerts a stabilising effect on the calcium ion mobility present in the system and may help regulate calcium signalling in the cardiac sarcomere. Using sparse experimental data as a guide, alternative proteinligand binding possibilities were uncovered and used to help validate and expand the current experimental knowledge on the troponin C - troponin I system, giving rise to two low affinity, non-specific binding sites for EGCg which also affect calcium mobility.
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Jin, Jidong. "Metal-oxide-based electronic devices". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/metaloxidebased-electronic-devices(2ccabdd1-398b-4787-9455-e034f9001867).html.
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Metal oxides exhibit a wide range of chemical and electronic properties, making them an extremely interesting subject for numerous applications in modern electronics. The primary goal of this research is to develop metal-oxide-based electronic devices, including thin-film transistors (TFTs), resistance random-access memory (RRAM) and planar nano-devices. This research requires different processing techniques, novel device design concepts and optimisation of materials and devices. The first experiments were carried out to optimise the properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductors, in particular the carrier concentration, which determines the threshold voltage of the TFTs. Thermal annealing is one common method to affect carrier concentration and most work in the literature reports performing this process in a single-gas environment. In this work, however, annealing was carried out in a combination of air and nitrogen, and it was found that the threshold voltage could be tuned over a wide range of pre-determined values.Further experiments were undertaken to enhance the carrier mobility of ZnO TFTs, which is the most important material quality parameter. By optimising deposition conditions and incorporating a high-k gate dielectric layer, the devices showed saturation mobility values over 50 cm2/Vs at a low operating voltage of 4 V. This is, to our knowledge, one of the highest field-effect mobility values achieved in ZnO-based TFTs by room temperature sputtering. As an important type of metal-oxide-based novel memory devices, which have been studied intensively in the last few years, RRAM devices were also explored. New materials, such as tin oxide (SnOx), were tested, exhibiting bipolar-switching operations and a relatively large resistance ratio. As a novel process variation, anodisation was performed, which yielded less impressive results than SnOx, but with a potential for ultra-low-cost manufacturing. Finally, novel planar nano-devices were explored, which have much simpler structures than conventional multi-layered transistors and diodes. Three types of ZnO-based nano-devices (a side-gated transistor, a self-switching diode and a planar inverter) were fabricated using both e-beam lithography and chemical wet etching. After optimisation of the challenging wet etching procedure at nanometre scale, ZnO nano-devices with good reproducibility and reliability have been demonstrated.
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Ramos, Pasquati Eric. "L’appropriation socioculturelle du téléphone portable par des agriculteurs de la Boucle du Mouhoun, Burkina Faso : Contribution à une approche socioculturelle des TIC pour le développement socio-économique". Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100078/document.
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Dans cette recherche, j’essaie de comprendre quelle est l’empreinte socioculturelle du processus d’appropriation des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC), particulièrement du téléphone portable, par des agriculteurs de la Boucle du Mouhoun, au Burkina Faso. Privilégiant une approche socioculturelle et ayant comme hypothèse principale l’existence d’influences réciproques entre le processus de construction des usages des TIC et l’organisation socioculturelle des communautés locales, cette recherche explore les transformations des rapports de pouvoir, l’évolution des identités et des formes de communication au sein de ces communautés en lien avec l’usage des TIC. Les sources théoriques principales sont l’ethnométhodologie et la sociologie des associations ; je fais aussi référence à la sociologie des usages et à l’ethnologie des techniques. Fondée sur un travail empirique, ma réflexion est nourrie par des entretiens concernant des initiatives d’application des TIC au développement rural en Inde et en Afrique de l’Ouest, et, surtout, par un séjour de terrain de six mois au Burkina Faso. La méthode adoptée oriente les efforts de recherche vers la compréhension des réalités locales, en opposition à leur interprétation à partir de modèles extérieurs, d’où l’importance attribuée aux protocoles de réflexivité et de décentration. Au-delà d’orientations concrètes sur l’appropriation socioculturelle des TIC, l’apport le plus important de ma recherche est méthodologique. Je propose des stratégies d’approximations successives de la réalité spécifique à un terrain donné, particulièrement adaptées au cas de chercheurs étrangers à leur contexte d’étudeIn this research I try to understand the social and cultural imprint of the appropriation processes of information and communication technologies (ICT), particularly mobile phones, by farmers from the Boucle du Mouhoun region, in Burkina Faso. The main research hypothesis is the existence of reciprocal influences between the construction process of ICT uses and the social and cultural organization of local communities. With a social and cultural approach, this research explores changes in power relations, identities and forms of communication within these communities in relation to the use of ICT. The reasoning is supported by theoretical and empirical sources. On the one hand, I refer to the Sociology of uses, to the Ethnology of techniques, but mainly to the Ethnomethodology’s program and to the Actor network theory. On the other hand, I rely on visits to projects applying ICT for rural development in India and West Africa, and most importantly, on a six-month long fieldwork in Burkina Faso. The methodology adopted orientates research efforts towards understanding local realities instead of representing them with external patterns, hence reinforcing the importance attributed to reflexivity and decentring. Beyond practical conclusions on the social and cultural appropriation of ICT, the most important contribution of my research is methodological. I propose strategies to understand a specific field reality by successive approximations, particularly suited when the researcher is a foreigner to the context of the research
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Carlsen, Martin. "Appropriating mathematical tools through problem solving in collaborative small-group settings /". Kristiansand : University of Agder, Faculty of Engineering and Science, 2008. http://www.uia.no/no/portaler/aktuelt/nyhetsarkivet/disputas_elevsamarbeid_gir_matematikklaering.
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Erfjord, Ingvald. "Teachers' implementation and orchestration of Cabri-use in mathematics teaching /". Kristiansand : University of Agder, Faculty of engineering and science, 2008. http://www.uia.no/no/portaler/aktuelt/nyhetsarkivet/disputas_dataverktoey.
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Hibberd, Charlotte Jane. "A naturalistic study exploring the association between sleep and cognition in children with tic disorders". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-naturalistic-study-exploring-the-association-between-sleep-and-cognition-in-children-with-tic-disorders(0cbd17a3-ae9d-4812-a6c3-d8ac008ac41a).html.
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Background: Sleep disturbances are common in children and young people with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders (TS/CTD), although at present it is unclear whether any particular sleep problems could be considered typical of these conditions. It is also not known whether any identified patient characteristics, neurodevelopmental or psychiatric factors are associated with their presence in this group. Objectives: This review aimed to systematically explore types and frequency of sleep problems in children with TS/CTD. It aimed to examine the heterogeneity of previous studies in terms of sample characteristics and assessment methods and consider methodological quality of included studies. Methods: The Psycinfo, Ovid Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched using a range of terms relating to tics, sleep and co-existing psychopathology. Studies were considered if they met a pre-determined set of criteria, including a sample of children with TS/CTD (n>5) for whom sleep disturbance was measured. 14 studies met criteria for inclusion in the review. Results: Overall, this review supported the high prevalence of sleep difficulties in children with TS/CTD, although rates varied widely from 17% to 80.4% (Interquartile Range (IQR) =21%-48%). A number of studies reported on other factors affecting sleep in this patient group including comorbidity, medication use and sample-related factors, such as age and gender. Studies varied in terms of methodology, sample and quality. Conclusions: The high rates of sleep problems in children with TS/CTD identified in this review, which was based on a small yet heterogeneous sample of papers, highlights the need for continued research in this area. The potential moderating factors and associated difficulties discussed here should be considered further to enhance understanding of the aetiology and management of sleep difficulties in this group.
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Oyetunde, Temidayo Timothy. "Novel precursors for chalcogenide materials". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/novel-precursors-for-chalcogenide-materials(db26161b-217b-4ee1-9767-d8fb82dc608b).html.
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Metal chalcogenides (sulfides, selenides and tellurides) are materials of current interest due to their peculiar properties such as optoelectronic, magnetooptic, thermoelectric and piezoelectric displays. These semiconducting materials have potential applications in solar cell devices, infrared detectors and ambient thermoelectric generators. Previously, these materials have been deposited by multiple-source precursor route with several problems associated with this technique. This work describes the synthesis of metal complexes (Zn, Cd, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt) using the imidodichalcogenodiphosphinate ligand (Woollins ligand). Their thermal decomposition together with structural and spectroscopy analysis was carried out. The complexes were used as single source precursors for the deposition of cadmium selenide, cadmium phosphide, cadmium sulfide, zinc selenide, iron selenide and the tellurides of nickel, palladium, platinum and iron as thin films and powders. These were deposited by AACVD and pyrolysis. The deposited thin films and powders were characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The cadmium complexes [Cd{iPr2P(Se)NP(Se)iPr2}2] and [Cd{iPr2P(S)NP(Se)iPr2}2] deposited the mixture of hexagonal CdSe and monoclinic Cd2P3 films at the flow rate of 160 sccm at 475 and 500 °C. At the flow rate of 240 sccm, only hexagonal CdSe was deposited from [Cd{iPr2P(Se)NP(Se)iPr2}2] at all temperatures. Hexagonal CdS and the mixture of orthorhombic Cd6P7/cubic Cd7P10 were deposited from [Cd{iPr2P(S)NP(S)iPr2}2]. The zinc complexes [Zn{iPr2P(Se)NP(Se)iPr2}2] and [Zn{iPr2P(S)NP(Se)iPr2}2] both deposited cubic ZnSe at all temperatures with the flow rates of 160 and 240 sccm. The iron complexes [Fe{(SePPh2)2N}2] and [Fe{(SePPh2NPPh2S)2N}2] deposited orthorhombic FeSe2 mixed with monoclinic Fe3Se4 by pyrolysis at 500 and 550 °C. An unresolved pattern was observed from the complex [Fe{(SePPh2NPPh2S)2N}2] at 550 °C. XPS analysis of the deposited FeSe2 showed the surface oxidation of the material, while the magnetic measurements on the sample using SQUID confirmed its ferromagnetic properties. The telluride complexes of nickel, palladium, platinum and iron deposited the metal telluride respectively as: hexagonal NiTe, hexagonal PdTe, hexagonal PtTe2 (mixed with rhombohedral PtTe) and hexagonal FeTe2. Conductivity studies on NiTe and PdTe revealed them to be insulators, while the magnetic measurements on FeTe2 indicated its antiferromagnetic behaviour.
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Preechapanya, Pornchai. "Indigenous ecological knowledge about the sustainability of tea gardens in the hill evergreen forest of northern Thailand". Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/indigenous-ecological-knowledge-about-the-sustainability-of-tea-gardens-in-the-hill-evergreen-forest-of-northern-thailand(96175b64-61bb-4c4d-8595-5b9bdf4848ba).html.
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These studies on indigenous ecological knowledge were carried out as a case study of the sustainability of miang tea gardens in hill evergreen forest at a remote village setting in the highlands of northern Thailand. The study focused on the miang tea farmers' knowledge associated with decision making criteria in managing their gardens as an agroforestry system. Knowledge was investigated relating to how farmers presently manage their garden ecosystems and the underlying biodiversity of the plants and the interactions occurring between tea trees and biotic components. These were forest trees, ground flora and cattle in relation to microclimate and processes of water and nutrient cycling, soil erosion and plant succession. The knowledge acquired from key informants was evaluated in terms of its representativeness of the knowledge of the community as a whole and the extent to which it was complementary or contradictory to scientific knowledge. The extent to which indigenous and scientific knowledge could be usefully combined was investigated. The indigenous knowledge was collected from interviewing a small number of key informants who were representative of the target popUlation and who were people knowledgeable about the ecology of the gardens. The elicited information was recorded and accessed using knowledge-based system techniques. An indigenous knowledge base was created in terms of diagrams, hierarchies and text statements and stored in a durable, accessible and transparent form. The research demonstrated that the indigenous ecological knowledge collected from key informants was explanatory, predictive and of technical relevance. It was also representative of most of the farmers in the community. The combination of indigenous and scientific knowledge provided a more powerful resource for improving the sustainability of the tea garden ecosystem than using either knowledge system alone but required further quantification for solid management recommendations to be formulated. The knowledge elicited had a useful role to play in furthering scientific understanding about the ecosystem and suggested new lines of research that may be more appropriate for promoting incremental change to miang tea production systems than extending conventional technology packages involving tea monoculture.
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Balloi, Eleonora. "Investigating conformational changes of proteins using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-conformational-changes-of-proteins-using-frster-resonance-energy-transfer(fd5f53e7-9464-40bf-9c87-6fbd0a3d8804).html.
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Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based techniques are gaining an increasing importance in cell biology and cell-matrix adhesion studies because they allow both the detection of conformational changes of target proteins and their localisation in cells. Frequency Domain-Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopy (FD-FLIM) is currently considered one of the most reliable methods to measure FRET in live cells. However, due to its dependence on many technical prerequisites, its use is not yet widespread. The purpose of this work was to first establish FD-FLIM measurements of FRET on a new FD-FLIM microscope module. Then we aimed to apply FD-FLIM-FRET measurements to the study of conformational changes of the cell matrix-adhesion proteins vinculin and integrin and of the growth factor receptor Tie-2. In the first part of the work, published FRET probes including distance-sensors and two sets of vinculin-based probes were extensively tested with FD-FLIM, sensitised emission and ratiometric FRET. FD-FLIM was shown to be the most accurate method in approximating molecular distances between fluorophores. Moreover this study unveiled specific caveats associated with both existing vinculin FRET probes. FD-FLIM was then used to study conformational changes of the extracellular matrix receptor alphavβ3 integrin and of the angiopoietin receptor Tie-2 using specific FRET probes designed by us. While data showed that the alphav-integrin-FRET probe localised to adhesion sites, more experiments will be required to evaluate its full functionality. The Tie-2-FRET probe was fully functional and, upon ligand binding, allowed the detection of a bending movement of the extracellular domain towards the cell membrane. Finally, a combination of FRET, immunofluorescence and tension release experiments were used to show that intracellular tension is not required to maintain integrins in their activated conformation. However, intracellular tension is required to recruit other key proteins such as vinculin, talin and tensin to adhesions sites. Overall this work demonstrates the importance of FD-FLIM-FRET as a tool to investigate conformational changes of adhesion proteins and transmembrane receptors within the cell environment.
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Miratashi, Yazdi Seyed Mansoor. "Robustness of steel framed buildings with pre-cast concrete floor slabs". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/robustness-of-steel-framed-buildings-with-precast-concrete-floor-slabs(7004a673-cf6c-4d22-a00e-34c6be6bb6a0).html.
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Following some incidents in high-rise buildings, such as Ronan Point London 1968, in which collapse of a limited number of structural elements progressed to a failure disproportionate to the initial cause, consideration of robustness was introduced in British Standard. The main method of preventing progressive collapse for providing robustness to steel framed buildings with precast concrete floor slabs focuses on the allowable tying forces that the reinforcement in between the slabs and in hollowcores should carry. However there are uncertainties about the basis of the practical rules associated with this method. This thesis presents the results of numerical and analytical studies of tie connection behaviour between precast concrete floor slabs (PCFS). It is shown that under current design regulations the tie connection is not able to resist the accidental load limit applied on the damaged floor slabs. By establishing the capability of a finite element model to depict and predict the behaviour of concrete members in situations such as arching and catenary action against several experimental tests, an extensive set of parametric studies was conducted in order to identify the effective parameters in enhancing the resistance of the tie connection between PCFSs. These parameters include: tie bar diameter, position, length, yield stress and ultimate strain; the slab’s height, length; and the compressive strength of the grouting concrete in between the slabs that encases the tie bar. Recommendations are made based on the findings of this parametric study in order to increase the resistance of the tie connection. Based on the identified effective parameters in the parametric study a predictive analytical relationship is derived which is capable of determining the maximum vertical displacement and load that the tie connection is able to undergo. This relationship can be used to enable the connection to capture the accidental limit load on a damaged slab. The identified parameters are examined in a three dimensional finite element model to assess their effect when columns of the structure are lost in different locations such as an edge, corner or internal column. Based on the findings of this study methods for improving the connections performance are presented. Also the effect of alternative transverse tying method is evaluated and it is concluded that although this kind of tie increases the load carrying capacity of the connection, its effect on the catenary action is not significant.
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Durigon, Romina. "Investigation into the molecular mechanisms of import of mitochondrial small Tim proteins". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigation-into-the-molecular-mechanisms-of-import-of-mitochondrial-small-tim-proteins(9d6e7b67-df6b-4094-9c8f-e74f615cff1f).html.
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Protein import is essential for the biogenesis of mitochondria, as the majority (99%) of mitochondrial proteins are synthesised in the cytosol and thus, have to be imported into mitochondria for their function. The biogenesis of many cysteine-containing proteins of the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS), such as members of the small TIM and Cox17 families, is regulated by their thiol-disulphide redox state. Only the Cys-reduced precursors can be imported into mitochondria, whereas oxidised forms cannot. Their import and oxidative folding in the IMS is driven by the IMS disulphide relay system, known as mitochondrial import and assembly (MIA) pathway, whose central components are the oxidoreductase Mia40 and the sulphydryl oxidase Erv1. Currently, little is known about how the MIA precursors are maintained in the cytosol in an import-competent form, and whether they interact with the translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex) to enter the IMS. In addition, the MIA-mediated protein folding events occurring in the IMS that lead to the generation of fully oxidised substrates are still under investigation. Using Tim9 and yeast as models, studies presented in this thesis showed that Tim9 binding to the mitochondrial outer membrane (OM) does not depend on the receptors of the TOM complex, and occurs without regard to the redox state of the precursor proteins. In addition, it is shown that the oxidised and reduced precursors share the same binding site on the OM, and that this binding site is not important for the translocation process across the OM (Chapter 3). Studies in this thesis investigated the role of the cytosolic thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems in the biogenesis of mitochondria. Firstly, in vivo studies provided the evidence that the cytosolic thioredoxin system but not the glutaredoxin system is required for growth of yeast cells under respiratory conditions. Secondly, in vivo studies provided the first proof that the Trx system is required for the biogenesis of small Tim proteins. In vitro studies confirmed that the Trx1 system facilitates import of small Tim proteins into isolated mitochondria by maintaining the precursors in a reduced and therefore competent form (Chapter 5). Finally, in vitro studies showed that Mia40 is able to promote the full oxidation of Tim9. Efficient release of Tim9 from Mia40 required the presence of all cysteine residues of Tim9, as effective oxidation and concomitant release from Mia40 failed upon mutation of single cysteine residues. Finally, the study showed that reduced glutathione resolved rapidly the Mia40-Tim9 mixed-disulphide complexes, probably accelerating and/or promoting the Tim9 oxidative (Chapter 4).