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Özvatan, Özgür. "The Great Secession: Ethno-National Rebirth and the Politics of Turkish–German Belonging". Social Inclusion 8, n.º 1 (25 de marzo de 2020): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i1.2437.
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Germany is facing a contemporary mainstreaming of the far right, which has a long tradition of wanting “Turks out!” Turkish immigrants have been the main strangers in Germany following the guest-worker treaty signed in 1961, physically close as friends, yet culturally distant as foes. From September 2015 onwards, German–Turkish politics of belonging, the Turkish issue, underwent a contentious period resulting in secessions between German and Turkish authorities in September 2017. Against this background, this article asks: How did mainstream political actors in Germany emplot the Turkish issue while a far-right challenger party sought to establish a far-right narrative of ethno-national rebirth? The temporal unfolding of the Turkish issue is explored by drawing on media analysis (n = 1120), interpretive process-tracing and narrative genre analysis of claims raised by political actors in German and Turkish newspapers. In order to visualize how the Turkish issue evolved between 2000 and 2017 in media discourse, 546 articles in the mainstream quality newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung were collected. The Great Secession period between 2015 and 2017 was selected for an in-depth case study. To conduct interpretive process-tracing and narrative genre analysis of this case, another 574 articles in the German Süddeutsche Zeitung and Turkish Hürriyet were analysed. In so doing, this article contributes to (1) the study of belonging and identity by adopting a novel approach to boundary studies, combining narrative genre analysis with Habermas’ communicative action theory, and (2) the study of political strategies of adapting, ignoring or demarcating far-right contenders by, again, introducing a narrative approach to political communication and mobilization processes. The analysis shows that, in the first stage of the Great Secession period, inclusionary and exclusionary boundaries competed, while in later stages inclusionary boundaries were cast aside by exclusionary boundaries after reputable mainstream party-political actors adopted and thus legitimized far-right story elements.
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Nawaila, Muhammad Bello y Sezer Kanbul. "Turkish Digital Children's Rights Scale". International Journal of Digital Literacy and Digital Competence 11, n.º 1 (enero de 2020): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdldc.2020010104.
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In order to reduce children's online risks as well as promote online opportunities, provide digital literacy, mediation, and internet safe use, it is imperative to acquire a better understanding of digital children's rights. In order to address this problem and to provide a representative voice for the millions of Turkish speaking children, the authors developed T-GKOS, a reliable and validated digital children's rights scale in Turkish adopted from GKOS (the English version). The Turkish digital child right scale (T-GKOS) was designed, tested, and validated with numerous factors regarding digital children's rights. Two hundred seventy-seven Turkish-Cypriot children answered the question on digital children's rights. it was noted that mediation plays a better role than digital literacy when it comes to children risk and online security while gender does not play a vital role.
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Lorenz, Johanna. "Complement clauses in Caucasian Urum". STUF - Language Typology and Universals 72, n.º 2 (27 de mayo de 2019): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2019-0010.
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Abstract This study examines the different patterns used to code complement clauses in Caucasian Urum, an endangered variety of Anatolian Turkish spoken in Georgia that exhibits considerable influence from Russian. Urum shows some substantial deviations from Turkish in its morphosyntax of complementation. The data indicate that primarily left-branching and synthetic Turkic patterns are replaced in favor of right-branching and analytic constructions. Furthermore, different classes of complement-taking predicates and their selectional restrictions on complement choice are analyzed and compared to the patterns in Turkish and Russian. The findings reveal that the Urum complementation system resembles the Russian pattern.
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Keten, Alper. "Evaluation of the dismissed forensic medicine specialists and other forensic professionals in Turkey". Torture Journal 30, n.º 1 (11 de junio de 2020): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/torture.v30i1.117717.
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The right to work, one of the fundamental human rights, expresses the right of all individuals to maintain a dignified life by having an income, earned through work (UDHR, 1948). Following the coup attempt on 15 July 2016, the Turkish government declared a state of emergency on 20 July 2016. This lasted 730 days until 20 July 2018. During this period, 32 decrees were issued by the Turkish government. With these decrees, 150,348 public officials including judges, pros- ecutors, civil servants, teachers, bureaucrats, medical doctors and academics were dismissed without any investigation (Turkey Purge, 2019). With regard to the group of forensic professional experts, many have been dismissed following decrees issued by the Turkish government.
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Bello, Judith Hippler, Juliane Kokott y Beate Rudolf. "European Convention on Human Rights—applicability to acts performed outside national territory— acts in Northern Cyprus possibly within Turkish jurisdiction—territorial limitation of declarations of acceptance—dynamic interpretation of provisions on enforcement". American Journal of International Law 90, n.º 1 (enero de 1996): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2203756.
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Loizidou v. Turkey. 310 Eur. Ct. H.R. (ser. A).European Court of Human Rights, March 23, 1995.The applicant, a Greek Cypriot woman, stated that since July 20, 1974, Turkish troops had prevented her from returning to land in Northern Cyprus that she owned and had intended to use, inter alia, for her family home. Furdiermore, she alleged that her arrest and detention by Turkish Cypriot policemen for ten hours after she had crossed die cease-fire line in 1989, when participating in a women's march aimed at asserting the Greek Cypriot refugees’ right to return to their homes, violated her human rights. Rejecting in part die preliminary objections raised by the respondent Government, die Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights held that die facts of die case are capable of falling widiin Turkish jurisdiction as a result of die presence of Turkish troops on the territory of Cyprus, so that the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) may be applicable to these acts.
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Bektas, Eda y Esra Issever-Ekinci. "Who Represents Women in Turkey? An Analysis of Gender Difference in Private Bill Sponsorship in the 2011–15 Turkish Parliament". Politics & Gender 15, n.º 4 (28 de noviembre de 2018): 851–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743923x18000363.
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AbstractIn this study, we examine substantive representation of women in the 2011–15 Turkish Parliament by focusing on sponsorship of private members’ bills by members of parliament (MPs) across eight major issue areas. The Turkish case offers new insights into women's representation, not only because this topic is unexplored in the Turkish context but also because it provides an opportunity to examine the tension between gender as a social identity and ideology as a political identity in a legislature characterized by disciplined political parties and low gender parity. Findings indicate that women MPs in Turkey substantively represent women by sponsoring more bills on women's rights and equality issues than their male colleagues, despite their low numbers in parliament and affiliation with highly disciplined parties. Party ideology also shapes women MPs’ issue priorities depending on the emphasis placed by the parties on different issue areas. Whereas left-wing women MPs sponsor more bills on women's rights and equality issues defined with a feminist accent, right-wing women MPs sponsor more bills on issues regarding children and family. Left-wing women also differ significantly from right-wing women in their sponsorship of bills on health and social affairs issues, as left-wing parties prioritize those issues more than right-wing parties.
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ASLAN, Memduh y Raziye KARAKILÇIK. "Right To Be Heard and Right To Defence At Turkish Taxation Law". E-Journal of Social and Legal Studies 7, n.º 1 (30 de junio de 2021): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52477/sls.2021.1.
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Uncular, Selen. "The right to collective action under European law and Turkish law". European Labour Law Journal 9, n.º 2 (junio de 2018): 144–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2031952518772588.
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Apart from many other important and urgent problems in labour law, the right to collective action is increasingly the most violated and ignored labour right in this continuing period of economic, political and social crises around the world due to the very fact that it constitutes the most effective and progressive power of workers. Therefore, it is essential and urgent that fundamental hindrances are identified and substantial solutions are put in place to ensure efficient protection and exercise of the right. In this respect, I aim to evaluate the right to collective action of private sector workers under the instruments of the Council of Europe, the European Union and Turkey, and to examine selected fundamental impediments to its effective protection and enforcement under European law and Turkish law, which essentially arise from sovereignty and exceptionalist concerns as well as the subordination of social rights to economic interests. Lastly, I will propose some solutions for a more progressive protection and implementation of the right to collective action whose evolution requires a lot of effort, dedication and struggle during a long yet hopeful process.
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Yildirim, Mine. "Conscientious Objection to Military Service: International Human Rights Law and the Case of Turkey". Religion & Human Rights 5, n.º 1 (2010): 65–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187103210x513639.
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AbstractThe assessment of claims of conscientious objection to military service under freedom of religion or belief provisions has been an evolutive process in international human rights law. In Turkey, the right to conscientious objection to military service is not recognized, nor is there a specific punishment due for non-performance of military service on grounds of religious or philosophical beliefs. Military service is compulsory for every Turkish male citizen. The article in hand aims, firstly, to provide a survey on the status of the right to conscientious objection to military service in international human rights law and to propose a harmonizing interpretation that would allow for the evaluation of cases of conscientious objection under relevant provisions protecting freedom of religion or belief and secondly, to evaluate the Turkish legislation in relation to conscientious objection to military service and highlight human rights issues that arise due to a lack of legal regulation on conscientious objection to military service.
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Abbas oğlu Abbaslı, Toğrul. "EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS: REVIEW OF DECISIONS (HIRO BALANI / SPAIN)". SCIENTIFIC WORK 66, n.º 05 (20 de mayo de 2021): 196–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/66/196-198.
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The European Court of Human Rights acknowledges the violation of Article 6 in order to provide unfounded reasons for court decisions. Therefore, claims that may affect the outcome of the trial must be answered. The topic is very relevant for research in modern times. Research and comparative methods were used in the study of the topic. The study focused on Turkish and English literature. Key words: Substantiation of Court Decisions, Right to Fair Trial, Right to Defense,European Court of Human Rights,Constitution
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ERHART, ITIR. "Privacy, confidentiality and the press". Empedocles: European Journal for the Philosophy of Communication 2, n.º 2 (8 de diciembre de 2011): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ejpc.2.2.157_1.
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Discussions on the right to privacy usually involve persons in the Lockean sense. However, psychological properties that make up the person can be lost due to neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral tumors or trauma. Depending on the severity of the disease or the trauma the patient may end up in PVS (persistent vegetative state) or a coma. In this article the privacy rights of these patients will be discussed. In light of two examples − the publication of photographs showing Bülent Ecevit and Barış Akarsu in a coma − it will be argued that the privacy rights secured by the Turkish Constitution are being violated by the Turkish Press.
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İnce, İzzet y Hasan Akkuş. "Posture analysis of Turkish National Weightlifting Team". Journal of Human Sciences 15, n.º 2 (13 de abril de 2018): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i2.5173.
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In this study, it was aimed to examine the posture structures of the Turkish National Weightlifting Team. The study was conducted on 12 volunteer male athletes who were present in the candidate team of the senior weightlifting national team and represented our country at least 5 in international competitions and were 27.3 ± 4.2 years old.Posture measurement was done as anterior and lateral from knee, vertebrale colon, shoulder, and region of head. Visual Basic software was used in the analysis of posture.Symmetry of right eye (19.1±5.2 deg), left eye (16.7±5.1 deg), right shoulder (4.2±3.8 deg), left shoulder (4.8±4.6 deg), right chest (7.5±3.2 deg), left chest (7.7±2.4 deg), left hip (22.5±5.8 deg), right hip (22.3±5.97 deg), valgus superior angle (173.7±5.3 deg), valgus inferior angle (169.9±6.1 deg), were determined in the anterior evaluation. Cervical superior angle (5.7±2.2 deg), cervical inferior angle (25.3±7.7 deg), dorsal superior angle (25.9±5.4 deg), inferior angle (6.9±3.4 deg), lumbal superior angle (9±2.2 deg), lumbal inferior angle (24.5±1.8 deg), pupliteal superior angle (172.7±3.2 deg), pupliteal inferior angle (167.4±2.7 deg), average pupliteal angle (167,4±2,7deg) were determined in the lateral evaluation.In conclusion, intensive posture deformity was found in the National Weightlifting Team. The cause of deformity can be originating from lack of content of the training and technical mistakes
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Dhanoon, Rafea Shareef. "Turkish policy towards Libya after the February 2011 revolution". Tikrit Journal For Political Science, n.º 20 (13 de julio de 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/poltic.v0i20.224.
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The close relations between Turkey and Libya are still on the rise, and this was evident through Turkish support at all levels of the internationally recognized government of Al-Sarraj winner. The Memorandum of Understanding signed between Turkey and Libya on 27 / November 2019, in the areas of security and military cooperation and the determination of areas of influence revealed The navy, the extent of the historical close relationship between Ankara and Tripoli, just as the Turkish President Erdogan wanted to deliver a message to the West and other regional parties after the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding, that Turkey has a non-negotiable sovereign right to define the maritime spheres of influence and that this right stems from international law.
In light of these tracks, we will shed light on the orientations of Turkish policy towards Libya after the February 2011 revolution, by defining the determinants of those trends and examining the most important obstacles in the march of Turkish policy towards Libya.
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TEZEL, ADNAN, FAHRI KAVRUT, AYFER TEZEL, CANKAT KARA, TURGUT DEMIR y RABIA KAVRUT. "Musculoskeletal Disorders in Left- and Right-Handed Turkish Dental Students". International Journal of Neuroscience 115, n.º 2 (enero de 2005): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207450590519517.
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Kıralp, Şevki. "The Inter-Communal Talks and Political Life in Cyprus: 1974-1983". Journal of History Culture and Art Research 9, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2020): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v9i3.1973.
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<p>This paper conducts historical research on the inter-communal talks and the political life in the two communities of Cyprus from 1974 to 1983. The period covered by the research commenced with the creation of the bi-regional structure on the island in 1974 and ceased with the declaration of Turkish Cypriot Independence in 1983. As this period constitutes an important threshold in the history of Cyprus, it might be argued that observing the political developments it covers is likely to be beneficial for the literature. The research focused on the two communities’ positions in negotiations as well as their elections and political actors. It utilized Turkish, Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot newspapers (and official press releases), political leaders’ memoirs, national archives of USA (NARA) as well as official online documents. Its findings indicate that the two sides could not reach to a settlement mainly due to their disagreements on the authorities of central and regional governments. While the Turkish Cypriot side promoted broader authorities for the regional governments, the Greek Cypriot side favoured broader authorities for the central government. On the other hand, while Turkish Cypriot leader Denktaş had managed to unite the majority of Turkish Cypriot right-wing voters, the Greek Cypriot right-wing was divided among supporters of Makarios and Clerides. On the other hand, while the Greek Cypriot left-wing was in cooperation with Makarios, the Turkish Cypriot left-wing opposed Denktaş’s policies. </p>
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Dane, Şenol y Mehmet Ali Şekertekin. "Differences in Handedness and Scores of Aggressiveness and Interpersonal Relations of Soccer Players". Perceptual and Motor Skills 100, n.º 3 (junio de 2005): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.100.3.743-746.
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Handedness and differences in interpersonal relations and aggressiveness were studied in 33 right-handed ( M age = 22.9 yr., SD = 4.9) and 18 left-handed ( M age = 22.5 yr., SD = 2.4) male soccer players who played actively in professional soccer leagues of Turkey. Hand preference on the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and scores for destructiveness, assertiveness, and passive aggressiveness on a Turkish Aggressiveness Inventory, plus scores for sociability, benevolence, tenderheartedness, tolerance, and insistence on the Turkish Interpersonal Relations Inventory were examined. Mean destructive aggressiveness was higher for the left- than the right-handed athletes. Means on tolerance and insistence were higher for the right- than the left-handed athletes. Higher aggressiveness and less tolerance and insistence in the left-handers may be associated with their higher sports performance.
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Yıldırım, Mine. "The Right to Establish and Maintain Places of Worship in Turkey". Religion and Human Rights 8, n.º 3 (2013): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18710328-12341259.
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Abstract The protection of the right to worship or assemble in connection with a religion or belief and to establish and maintain places of worship in Turkey serves as a good illustration of the nature of de jure and de facto restrictions in contrast to what appears to be a general recognition of the right to freedom to worship. The protection of the right to establish and maintain places of worship in the Turkish legal system appears to be restricted in three key areas, namely: (i) planning regulations; (ii) permission of public authority; and (iii) legal personality. Turkey must take necessary measures to bring its legislation and practice in line with international human rights obligations.
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Darvish, Hamid. "Intellectual Freedom and Libraries: A Quantitative Discourse Analysis". Bilgi Dünyası 11, n.º 2 (31 de octubre de 2010): 444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15612/bd.2010.245.
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United Nation published Human Rights Declaration in 1948. The most important part of the Human Right Declaration is that, everyone has the right to search and receive information at any time. To this respect, libraries play a significant task in disseminating information (Knowledge) to each individual. An exploratory approach is applied to selected discourses from organizations such as IFLA (International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions), ALA (American Library Association) and TLA (Turkish Librarians’ Association) to find out if there is a coherent relation among texts, by applying Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) technique. Results yield that there existed a positive relation among discourses.
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Ineli-Ciger, Meltem. "Remedies Available against Asylum Decisions and Deportation Orders in Turkey: An Assessment in View of European Law and the European Convention on Human Rights". Nordic Journal of International Law 88, n.º 2 (24 de abril de 2019): 216–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-08802006.
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This article examines administrative and judicial remedies against asylum decisions and deportation orders in Turkey and safeguards provided within these remedies with a view to analysing to what extent they are in line with European law and the European Convention on Human Rights (echr). The article has two main parts. The first part provides an overview of the Turkish asylum system and remedies available against asylum decisions and deportation orders in Turkey. Whereas, the second part identifies main procedural safeguards to be observed in asylum and deportation appeals by reviewing EU asylum acquis, the echr and case law of the European Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights. Building on this, the article assesses whether the Turkish law and practice incorporate these procedural safeguards and provide asylum seekers and migrants a right to effective remedy.
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Gülbetekin, Evrim. "Right = Left ? The concepts of “right-left” and brain asymmetrySağ = Sol ? “Sağ-sol” kavramları ve beyin asimetrisi". International Journal of Human Sciences 12, n.º 2 (24 de noviembre de 2015): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i2.3339.
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<p>Although “right” and “left” are neutral words those describe directions, they have some positive and negative meanings in cultural contexts. Attributing positive meanings for right and negative meanings for left is observed in different cultures, languages and belief systems including Turkish culture. In the presented study, Turkish words, sayings and phrasses including right, left and right-left together were examined according to their meanings (positive, negative, neutral) by referencing Turkish Language Instituion. It was observed that the word “right” had 15 positive meanings and the word “left” had no positive meanings. On the other hand, it was found that the word “right” had no negative meanings and “left” had four negative meanings and there were eight negative meanings including the words “left” and “right” together. The predisposition of attributing positive/negative meanings to right and left is discussed in a neuroscientific perspective and it is assessed in the context of two hemispheric specializations in the brain: 1. Motor asymmetries and handedness 2. Emotions and Valence Hypothesis. Generally, attributing positive meanings for right and negative meanings for left seems to be related to human physiological system, structural and functional brain asymmetries and dependently human cognition and comprehension.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Özet</strong></p><p>Sağ ve sol kavramları ilk anlamları itibariyle yön belirten nötr sözcükler olmasına rağmen kültürel bağlamda bu sözcüklerin olumlu ve olumsuz anlamlara sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Sağa olumlu, sola olumsuz anlam atfetme Türk kültürü de dahil olmak üzere farklı kültürlerde, dillerde ve inanç sistemleri içerisinde gözlenmektedir. Sunulan makalede Türk Dil Kurumu referans alınarak sağ, sol ve sağ ile solun birlikte kullanıldığı sözcük, birleşik sözcük, deyim ve atasözleri içerdikleri olumlu, olumsuz ve nötr anlamlara göre gruplandırılmıştır. Buna göre Türk Dilinde “sağ” sözcüğüne ilişkin 15 olumlu anlamın olduğu, buna karşın “sol” sözcüğüne ilişkin hiçbir olumlu anlamın olmadığı gözlenmiştir. Öte yandan, “sağ” sözcüğüne ilişkin hiçbir olumsuz anlamın olmadığı, “sol”sözcüğüne ilişkin dört ve “sol” ile “sağın” birlikte kullanıldığı sekiz olumsuz anlamın olduğu bulunmuştur. Sunulan makalede insanların sağa ve sola olumlu/olumsuz anlam atfetme eğilimi nörobilim bakış açısından ele alınarak beyinde yer alan iki hemisferik özelleşme temelinde değerlendirilmiştir: 1. Motor Asimetriler ve El Kullanımı 2. Duygular ve Değerlik Hipotezi. Genel olarak sağa olumlu, sola olumsuz anlamlar atfetmek insanın fizyolojik sistemiyle, yapısal ve işlevsel beyin asimetrileriyle ve buna bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan insan bilişi ve kavrayışı ile ilgili gibi görünmektedir.</p>
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Agartan, Tuba I. "Marketization and universalism: Crafting the right balance in the Turkish healthcare system". Current Sociology 60, n.º 4 (22 de junio de 2012): 456–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392112438331.
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Turkey is undertaking comprehensive reforms in its healthcare sector which bring about a major transformation in the boundaries between the public and private sectors. As in many transition and late-developing countries reforms seek to universalize coverage, increase efficiency and improve quality of healthcare services. The Turkish case is interesting as it draws attention to the balance that is being struck between two major components of the reforms, namely marketization and universalism. Expansion of coverage and improvements in equity are taking place alongside state-induced market and managerial reforms. This article assesses the extent of marketization and argues that while market elements have been limited to the provision dimension, in the long run they may lead to some erosion in universalism. The Turkish case serves as an example of transformations in developing countries where market reforms have to be accompanied by a strong and active state for universalism to be achieved.
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Çarkoğlu, Ali y Ilgaz Ergen. "The Rise of Right-of-Center Parties and the Nationalization of Electoral Forces in Turkey". New Perspectives on Turkey 26 (2002): 95–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600003721.
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Two frequently discussed issues in Turkish electoral studies concern the instability and geographical cleavages in electoral preferences. Turkish voters are not strongly identified with political parties and frequently vote for different parties due primarily to patronage distribution. Their vote is also strongly influenced by parochial ties. Despite various regulations in electoral laws, such as a minimum 10 percent nationwide support for representation in the Parliament, which makes representation of smaller parties in the legislature difficult, fractionalization of electoral support continuously increased over the last two decades. Consequently, formation of stable governments became more and more difficult.
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Gumuscu, Sebnem. "The Emerging Predominant Party System in Turkey". Government and Opposition 48, n.º 2 (21 de diciembre de 2012): 223–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gov.2012.13.
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In the Turkish national elections of 12 June 2011 the ruling Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi (AKP, Justice and Development Party) registered an exceptional success in Turkish democracy. For the first time, an incumbent party had managed to increase its votes for three elections in a row and established its predominance. This article argues that the AKP, like the Christian Democrats in Italy, Liberal Democrats in Japan or Social Democrats in Sweden, has established a cycle of dominance that includes initial mobilization, expansion of core support through material benefits, delegitimization of the opposition and selective use of ideological rigidity and flexibility. It is through this cycle that the AKP consolidated its position as a right-wing party, unifying centre-right and Islamic constituencies and thereby accomplishing what the other right-wing parties in Turkey had failed to do in the past.
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Hoogenboom, Alexander. "Turkish Nationals and the Right to Study in the European Union: A Progressive Interpretation". European Journal of Migration and Law 15, n.º 4 (2013): 387–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718166-00002042.
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Abstract This contribution has as its main aim to analyse the rights that a Turkish national can derive from EU law, and in particular the Ankara Agreement acquis, with a view to engage in a course of study in one of the Member States of the European Union. In that regard, it is argued that a progressive interpretation of the applicable legal regime supportive of free movement of students is both necessary and warranted as (greater) student mobility may contribute to a closer relationship between the peoples of the (Member States of the) EU and Turkey as well as the realisation of mutual economic benefits. Coupled with the fact that the Ankara acquis allows for broad room of interpretation, this point of departure is used as a springboard and justification for reading an extensive set of rights into the acquis, including a right of entry and residence for study purposes, equal treatment with host Member States as regards access to education and under certain circumstances rights of access to the labour market and/or equal treatment as regards study grants.
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Yıldırım, Mine. "Are Turkey’s Restrictions on Freedom of Religion or Belief Permissible?" Religion & Human Rights 15, n.º 1-2 (23 de abril de 2020): 172–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18710328-bja10010.
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Abstract This article constitutes a summary of the findings of an inquiry into the utilization of the restriction clause of freedom of religion or belief in the course of restriction of this right in Turkey. It demonstrates that FoRB is restricted in various ways by public authorities which rarely involve a systematic application of the FoRB restriction clause. Despite Turkey’s human rights obligations in the area of freedom of religion or belief and the high status conferred to international human rights law under Article 90 of the Turkish Constitution the impact of international provisions on the protection of FoRB in Turkey remains insufficient and inconsistent. The right to freedom of religion or belief has been restricted through measures based on “established practice”, decisions of public authorities based on laws and regulations not directly dealing with this right and court decisions that are not in full compliance with international law.
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Turkut, Emre y Sabina Garahan. "The ‘reasonable suspicion’ test of Turkey’s post-coup emergency rule under the European Convention on Human Rights". Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 38, n.º 4 (22 de octubre de 2020): 264–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0924051920967182.
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Since the 15 July 2016 failed coup, Turkey has seen the mass arrests and detention of hundreds of thousands of individuals; among them are judges and prosecutors, military personnel, police officers, journalists, lawyers, human rights defenders and opposition politicians who have been deprived of their liberty on an array of terrorism-related charges. While this has raised numerous human rights issues, this article focuses on those relating to pre-trial restrictions imposed on the right to liberty and security of individuals during the post-coup state of emergency. Building on the theory and use of the reasonableness concept in the field of pre-trial detention through a particular focus on the ‘reasonable suspicion’ test under Article 5 § 1 (c) of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR or the Convention), the article analyses the role of the European Court of Human Rights (the Court or the ECtHR) in enforcing the guarantees of the right to liberty in the Turkish post-coup cases of Mehmet Hasan Altan, Şahin Alpay, Alparslan Altan and Kavala. Against the background of pre-existing Convention standards on pre-trial reasonable suspicion in states of emergency, it finds that the ECtHR has adopted a stronger supervisory stance regarding the compatibility of Turkish post-coup detention practices than the more hesitant approach shown in the prior derogation context of Northern Ireland. While these decisions give some cause for optimism in the hope for a judicial boldness on the part of the ECtHR in condemning Turkey’s arbitrary detention practices during the state of emergency, the article argues that there is further scope for the Court to strengthen its protection in this respect. Notably, despite the positive aspects in the Court’s approach, by continuing to support the notion that the Turkish legal landscape is capable of addressing Article 5 violations and not tackling the underlying structural issues so clearly at play, the Court leaves a glaring gap in rights protection for those seeking justice.
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Veldhuis, Lydian, Mara van Dooremaal, Willemieke Kroeze, Carry M. Renders, Remy A. HiraSing y Hein Raat. "Ethnic Background and Overweight among 5-Year-Old Children: The “Be Active, Eat Right” Study". ISRN Pediatrics 2013 (10 de octubre de 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/861246.
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Introduction. This study investigates the association between ethnic background and overweight (obesity included) among 5 year olds. Methods. We used baseline data from 5 year olds (n=7801) and their parents collected for the “Be active, eat right” study. A child was considered to be of non-Dutch ethnic background when at least one of the parents was born abroad. Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. Results. Compared to children of Dutch ethnic background, for children with a Moroccan ethnic background the OR for being overweight (obesity included) was 2.27 (95% CI 1.48–3.47), for Turkish children the OR was 3.63 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.46–5.35), for Antillean children the OR was 1.97 (95% CI 1.01–3.86), and for Surinamese children the OR was 0.47 (95% CI 0.20–1.06). Addition of parental overweight decreased the ORs for Moroccan and Turkish children by 10.2% and 12.5%, and addition of watching TV and having breakfast by the child decreased the ORs by 7.9% and 12.2%. Conclusion. Already at a young age, children of Moroccan and Turkish ethnic background are at increased risk for being overweight compared to Dutch children. Parental overweight, watching TV, and not having breakfast by the child are contributing factors in this association.
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Aydın-Düzgit, Senem. "European parliament ‘doing’ Europe". Discourse analysis, policy analysis, and the borders of EU identity 14, n.º 1 (26 de mayo de 2015): 154–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.14.1.08ayd.
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This article focuses on the discourses of the main centre-right political party group (EPP-ED, EPP) in the European Parliament on Turkey’s accession to the European Union. It utilises the analytical framework of the Discourse-Historical Approach in Critical Discourse Analysis to mainly concentrate on the articulations of ‘culture’ and ‘cultural identity’ in the discussions over Turkish accession in official parliamentary debates and in-depth personal interviews with the members of this group. It is argued that a relational theorising of identity allows for analysis of the ways in which a cultural ‘Europe’ is articulated through current discussions on Turkey in the mainstream right-wing European Parliament discourse and thus reveals the cultural borders that are enacted with reference to Turkish membership within this group.
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Gungor, Kahraman, Lale Taner y Emine Kaygisiz. "Prevalence of Posterior Crossbite for Orthodontic Treatment Timing". Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 40, n.º 5 (1 de junio de 2016): 422–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-40.5.422.
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Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and distribution of posterior crossbite in different dentition stages in a Turkish sample. Study Design: 1554 subjects (843 girls, 711 boys) aged 4–25 years were evaluated to determine the prevalence of posterior crossbite in a Turkish sample. The subjects were classified according to four dentition stages (primary, early mixed, late mixed and permanent) and transversal occlusal status. The statistical evaluation was done by Chi-square, Fischer exact tests. Results: Bilateral and unilateral crossbite on the right and left sides had the highest frequency in the permanent dentition (51.0%, 47.3%, and 53.6%; respectively). No significant differences were found between unilateral (right and left) and bilateral crossbite with regard to dentition stages. No significant differences were found between unilateral right or left side posterior crossbite with regard to dentition stages. Conclusion: An increasing trend in the prevalence of posterior crossbite was observed from the primary dentition towards permanent dentition in this study.
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Parla, Jale. "From Allegory to Parable: Inscriptions of Anatolia in the Turkish Novel". New Perspectives on Turkey 36 (2007): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089663460000457x.
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AbstractThe Turkish novel became a national chronotope proper with the founding of the Republic in 1923 and the emergent conception of the national geography following the War of Independence (1919-1922). This was the Anatolian territory, with Ankara as the new capital of the nation instead of İstanbul which had been the Ottoman Empire's center for almost five centuries. Anatolia became the motherland on which the national consciousness of the new nation would be inscribed. In the novels of the republican era, Anatolian iconography and mythography illustrate how this setting became a persistent element of narrative structure as a significant topos in both senses of the word: as place and theme. An inquiry into the permutations of the theme of Anatolia since the War of Independence will reveal the changing attitudes and ideas related to Turkish nationalism and its most outstanding component, the cult of the father personified by Atatürk. This essay, however, does not only aim at a survey of an ideology's history via literature; it also investigates the Anatolian iconography and mythography, as they figure in the Turkish novel of the republican era, and touches upon the various narrative strategies that major Turkish novelists have employed in their search for the right form for this important content, the right form to either reinforce or undermine a sacred story.
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Çarkoğlu, Ali. "The Nature of Left–Right Ideological Self‐placement in the Turkish Context". Turkish Studies 8, n.º 2 (16 de mayo de 2007): 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14683840701312245.
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Demirkol, Özhan. "Party Splits in Turkish Party System: The Case of Centre-Right Parties". Turkish Studies 16, n.º 1 (2 de enero de 2015): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2015.1021247.
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Konak, Fatih y Hakan Turan. "External and Internal Factors of the Turkish Crisis in the Year 2001 Analysis Proposal". Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 18, n.º 3 (octubre de 2015): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2015.18.3.18.
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This research has attempted to demonstrate what were the real reasons whether internal or external factors, behind the Turkish financial crisis in 2001. The Turkey economy had been affected by some unfavourable external shocks such as, rise in crude oil prices which increased the current account deficit. However, external factors effects on the economy can be eliminated by right monetary policy. On the other hand, there were many internal factors behind the crisis such as fragile finance and banking system, ruling out dis-inflation negative effects and seasonal factors and so on. It could be advocated that these factors led the Turkish economy into uncertain situation because, when the last global financial crisis was occurred in 2008, although all unexpected external factors were soared, the Turkish economy was less affected, because the Turkish economy has been become more durable by solving the internal triggering factors.
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Özkiziltan, Didem y Aziz Çelik. "Turkish Industrial Relations at the Crossroads: Revisiting the History of Industrial Relations in the Early Post World War Two Period". International Labor and Working-Class History 93 (2018): 151–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547917000291.
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AbstractThe 1961 constitutional reform in Turkey recognized the right to strike and granted other rights and freedoms related to the collective actions of labor. Conventional wisdom holds that Turkish trade unions became independent of the state power with class-based interests only after this reform. Across mainstream literature, this is considered, in historical institutionalist terms, as the first critical juncture in Turkey's industrial relations. This paper provides a critical account of the institutional continuity, development, and change that took place in Turkey's industrial relations starting from its establishment as a republic in 1923 until the end of the 1950s, by considering the socioeconomic and legal-political environment during these years. Considering the historical evidence employed, and under historical institutionalism, it is argued that the first critical juncture in the country's industrial relations occurred in 1947, when the ruling cliques permitted the establishment of trade unions. In this paper, it is purported that the consensus reached by the trade unions on the necessity of the right to strike from the mid-1950s onwards initiated a peaceful class struggle between Turkish labor and the state, which gradually steered the industrial relations toward the second critical juncture following the promulgation of the 1961 constitution.
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Büken, Erhan, Serap Sahinoğlu y Nüket Örnek Büken. "Statutory Disclosure in Article 280 of the Turkish Penal Code". Nursing Ethics 13, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2006): 573–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733006069693.
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A new Turkish Penal Code came into effect on 1 June 2005. Article 280 concerns health care workers’ failure to report a crime. This article removes the responsibility from health care workers to maintain confidentiality, but also removes patients’ right to confidentiality. It provides for up to one year of imprisonment for a health care worker who, while on duty, finds an indication that a crime might have been committed by a patient and who does not inform the responsible authorities about it. This forces the health care worker to divulge the patient’s confidential information. A patient who thinks he or she may be accused of a crime may therefore not seek medical help, which is the universal right of every person. The article is therefore contrary to medical ethics, oaths taken by physicians and nurses, and the understanding of patient confidentiality.
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Panayi, Panikos. "Racial Violence in the New Germany 1990–93". Contemporary European History 3, n.º 3 (noviembre de 1994): 265–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777300000898.
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After the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989 and the re-unification of Germany in the following year, the contemporary history of Germany was characterised by a rise in the more potent manifestations of racism, notably an increase in support for extreme right-wing parties and an enormous upsurge in the number of racial attacks which have taken place against minorities of all descriptions. In addition, as a reaction against the racist violence, specifically the attack upon a Turkish home in Solingen in June 1993, there was also a violent response on the part of the Turks.
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Matiuhin, V. V. "Understanding Dominance of the Justice and Development Party in Turkey: the Ideological Dimension". RUDN Journal of Political Science, n.º 2 (15 de diciembre de 2016): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2016-2-25-38.
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The article examines the ideological dimension of dominance of the Justice and Development Party in the Turkish political process. Analysis of the party's doctrine and its leaders’ statements reveals the pivotal elements of the ideology that facilitated strengthening of the JDP's stance as a dominant party, i.e. liberal and democratic values, social conservatism, modernism, globalism and Neo-Ottomanism. These center-right orientations, being vague and eclectic, helped “democratic Islamists” to show both ideological rigidity and flexibility necessary to mobilize broad masses of Turkish voters and to keep long-term public support.
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Ismail, Nik Ahmad Hisham y Mustafa Tekke. "The Relations between Islam and Secularism: The Impact on Social Behavior in Turkey". International Education Studies 9, n.º 8 (26 de julio de 2016): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ies.v9n8p66.
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<p class="apa">Secularism as central to society and human life may bring undesired negative consequences in Muslim societies. Increasing social problems among juveniles in Turkey raised questions regarding the right personality development and education of young people. In extending further analysis, we conducted semi-structured interview with experts to assess the level of Turkish personality and impact of Said Nursi, who is a very influential Islamic scholar in Turkish society and to the Islamic movement in general. This study implies that education integrated with Islamic belief and practice will be more influential to educate Turkish Muslims, rather than secular based teaching. This result will be a guideline for educationists and counselors. In future study, developing a personality scale integrated with belief and practice will be beneficial to Muslim communities.</p>
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Gomleksiz, Mufit, Senel Poyrazli y Ruken Akar Vural. "Discriminatory Attitudes: A Scale Development in Turkish". Psychological Reports 103, n.º 3 (diciembre de 2008): 921–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.103.3.921-930.
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This study presented the development of a reliable and valid scale, the Discriminatory Attitudes Scale, for use in research related to discrimination in a Turkish context. First, related literature was searched and a pool of 69 items was generated to cover the basic forms of discrimination. Then, data were collected from 840 college students and subjected to exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation, leaving 21 items. Next, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed, which confirmed a 4-factor structure. These factors were named Discrimination Against Homosexuals, Discrimination Against Women, Discrimination Based on Race or Ethnicity and Religion, and Discrimination Against Foreigners. Correlational analyses with ratings from the Left–Right Orientation Scale, Cronbach coefficient alpha, and expert opinion provided evidence on validity and internal consistency and reliability of the Discriminatory Attitudes Scale.
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Sultana, Sharmin, Naharuma Aive Hyder Chowdhury, Abdul Momen y Mohammad Sharifuzzaman. "Turkish Sword can Track the Way of Pulmonary Vein: A Concealed Finding". Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 44, n.º 1 (12 de octubre de 2020): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v44i1.49711.
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Scimitar syndrome is an unusual developmental anomaly causing partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (right sided pulmonary veins) with left-to-right shunt at inter atrial septal level. It occurs more commonly in females, with occasional familial occurrence. The clinical presentation is variable. Patient may remain asymptomatic or may present with heart failure. The objective of this clinical case report is to highlight this unusual anomaly to avoid incorrect diagnosis. A girl of 13 years presented with unusual symptom of nausea following taking meal and a systolic murmur. At first she was diagnosed as “ASD Secundum”. But her typical “Turkish sword” feature of chest x-ray helped to identify anomalous drainage of right pulmonary veins into inferior vena cava and make the diagnosis as “Scimitar syndrome”. It is a total corrective anomaly. She was operated through open heart surgery, recovered early and discharged with a stable condition without any complication. This case illustrates the importance of thorough medical history, careful evaluation of investigation for proper diagnosis, treatment procedure and complications of a rare anomaly.
Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (1) :64-67
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Sulkowski, Mariusz. "Secular Republic and the Old Order – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and Turkish identity". Review of Nationalities 9, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 2019): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pn-2019-0014.
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AbstractMustafa Kemal Atatürk continues to stand firm as a major symbol of the Turkish republicanism, though there is little doubt that Turkey today undergoes deep transformation in the sphere of the relations between politics and religion. As Bernard Lewis explains, the Ottoman Turks identified with Islam so profoundly that they in fact submerged their identity in Islam. It is, therefore, only right and proper to inquire and pursue the theoretical foundations and origins of the Turkish laicism. Although Turkey constitutes a rare example of a Muslim country where laicism was instituted by its own authorities and not imposed on the country by the Western colonial powers, still, it is beyond doubt that the very idea of laicism is of the European origin and that it drew its inspirations from the range of ideas of the French Enlightment. It is the perspective that enables to understand fully the scope and depth of the reforms implemented in Turkey; it also elucidates the contemporary attempts to overcome the secularism and enforce the political re-Islamization of the state. The contemporary question on the place of religion in the political community is at the same time a question on the identity of Turkey.
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Eppel, Michael. "Kurdish Nationalism's Moment of Truth?" Current History 113, n.º 767 (1 de diciembre de 2014): 362–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2014.113.767.362.
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“Prolonged instability and violence or state collapse in Syria and Iraq, as well as major changes in Turkish attitudes, may produce the right conditions for the establishment of a Kurdish state or new autonomous regions.” Third in a series on resurgent nationalism around the world.
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Eko, Lyombe y Lea Hellmueller. "One meta-media event, two forms of censorship: The Charlie Hebdo affair in the United Kingdom and Turkey". Global Media and Communication 16, n.º 1 (22 de febrero de 2020): 75–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742766519899118.
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This study analyses British and Turkish media conceptualizations of the Charlie Hebdo affair. Editorial decisions to republish or not to republish the Mohammed cartoon cover reflected the politico-cultural pressures on the journalistic fields in both countries. The controversy demonstrated that the editorial autonomy of the British media outlets enabled them to engage in ‘eclectic neutrality’, the right to decide to republish or not to republish the cartoons. Despite the severely constrained journalistic environment of Turkey, where expectations of respect for religion take precedence over freedom of expression, the Turkish media engaged in symbolic acts of resistance in furtherance of freedom of expression.
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Aydïn, Zülküf. "The New Right, Structural Adjustment and Turkish Agriculture: Rural Responses and Survival Strategies". European Journal of Development Research 14, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2002): 183–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714000427.
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Ziyagil, M. Akif. "Technical performance analysis of goalkeepers with respect to the sidedness in Turkish Soccer Super League". New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, n.º 5 (16 de noviembre de 2017): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i5.2677.
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Technical performance analyses of 45 goalkeepers with respect to handedness and sidedness in Turkish Soccer Super League were monitored by hand notation method during the season of 2015 and 2016. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences in the distribution between goalkeeper’s saved and scored actions in the following variables. These were as follows; catch the ball with two hands, reaching the ball with right hand at higher level, reaching the ball with left hand at higher level, penalty kick to the right side, penalty kick to the left side and reaching to right side in one on one situation. Percentages were not significantly differentiated in other variables between two groups. In conclusion, scoring a goal rates were increasing at the left side of goalkeepers in all positions. This weakness of goalkeepers can be due to higher proportions of right handedness goalkeepers.
Keywords: Goalkeeper; sidedness; technical performance analysis
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Laçin, Nihat, Emre Aytuğar y İlknur Veli. "Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of bifid mandibular canal in a Turkish population". International Dental Research 8, n.º 2 (27 de agosto de 2018): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2018.vol8.no2.5.
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Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of bifid mandibular canals (BMC) in a Turkish population, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Methodology: The CBCT images of 350 untreated patients (178 male, 172 female ranging in age between 18 and 65,) were included in this study. The presence or absence of BMC was determined in axial, sagittal, and coronal planes by considering gender and side. For statistical evaluation, a chi‑square test was used to determine any differences in the prevalence of BMC with significance set at 5%.
Results: BMCs were observed in 129 out of 700 sides (18.42%) and 97 out of 350 patients (27.71%), of which, 55 were in males and 42 in females. Regardless of gender, the right side was more frequently affected (73%). Male patients showed higher prevalence (15.71%) than the female patients (12%).
Conclusion: BMC was observed in 27.71% of examined Turkish subjects and detected more frequently in males and on the right side.
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OZDEMIR, Yavuz, Huseyin BASLIGIL y Kemal Gokhan NALBANT. "Optimization of Fleet Assignment: A Case Study in Turkey". An International Journal of Optimization and Control: Theories & Applications (IJOCTA) 2, n.º 1 (14 de diciembre de 2011): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11121/ijocta.01.2012.0050.
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The fleet assignment problem which causes great increasing in costs is necessary for a solution of “right fleet to the right flight” for airline companies. In this paper, a fleet assignment model is set up using the data of the biggest Turkish airline company, Turkish Airlines. The aim of this model is to assign most appropriate fleet type to flights while minimizing the cost and determine optimal number of aircraft grounded overnight at each airport. We set up a model with constraints and determination of all airline operations and solve our problem using integer linear programming. Finally, we get an optimum solution which minimizes the total cost while assigning the fleet type to the flight leg. Using optimization software, the solution to this problem generates a minimum daily cost of fleet assignment and it aims to assign most appropriate fleet type to flights while minimizing the cost and determine optimal number of aircraft grounded overnight at each airport.
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Venkov, Andrey. "Don Cossacks and the Battle of Rassevat on September 4, 1809". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, n.º 5 (diciembre de 2020): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2020.5.15.
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Introduction. The Russian-Turkish war of 1806–1812 was the longest military conflict between Russia and Turkey. In the hope to force the Turks to peace, Russian troops crossed the Danube several times and fought for key fortresses on its banks. One of the battles on the right Bank of the Danube in 1809 was won practically by the Don Cossacks alone. In this battle Russian troops were led by such famous military leaders as Bagration, Miloradovich, Platov. After this battle Miloradovich and Platov were promoted to “full generals” (general in chief). Methods and materials. This battle is also interesting because the state archive of Rostov region has a very detailed collection of documents about it. Of all the documents relating to this war, the greatest number refers to the battle of September 4, 1809, because after it Don ataman Platov received his highest rank. The purpose of this study is to identify reasons for such an unusual victory. Analysis and results. The author investigates the course of the battle in detail using archival materials. The study shows that Russian forces were twice as superior to Turkish ones; during the battle, the command made a number of mistakes, which did not allow to completely surround the Turkish troops. High awards received by the command for this battle did not quite correspond to the level of success. The Russian commanders had friends at court and this partly affected the awards.
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Tarhan, Sinem. "Turkish Secondary Education Students’ Perceptions of Justice and Their Experiences of Unjustice". Journal of Education and Learning 7, n.º 2 (16 de enero de 2018): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n2p247.
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The purpose of this study was to identify how secondary education students define the concept of justice, based on which criteria they define their experiences as just/unjust, what they see as the source of injustice, how they feel and how they behave when they face injustice.This study was designed as a qualitative research study. Open-ended questions were asked to the students and they were asked to give detailed answers. Descriptive analysis was used in analysing the collected data. The study group consisted of students studying at 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades in different types of high schools (Anatolian High School, Vocational School for Girls, Science High School). A total number of 268 high school students participated in the study. We used convenience sampling to choose the study group.The results of the study indicated that students defined the concept of justice with the “equality, equity non-discrimination, respect, rights and freedoms, conscience, rights, deciding the right, being fair and needs” concepts. The students see grades, school rules and non-communication they experience with their teachers and principals as unjust, so they point the school principals as the source of injustice. Besides, the students indicated that they had negative feelings when they experienced something that is not just but preferred to stay silent.
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Bâli, Aslı Ü. "A Turkish Model for the Arab Spring?" Middle East Law and Governance 3, n.º 1-2 (25 de marzo de 2011): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633711x591404.
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The revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests across the Arab world – known collectively as the Arab Spring – have ushered in a period of unprecedented change to the region. To what extent are non-Arab regional players relevant to this process? This essay considers two dimensions of the potential significance of Turkey to the events underway in the Arab world. Turkey has at times been invoked as a regionally appropriate example on which to model Arab democratization in a post-authoritarian context. This essay critically examines such claims, pointing out both the democratic deficits of the Turkish model and the intrinsic challenges of applying external models to indigenous democratization efforts. On the other hand, there is a second sense in which Turkey may have a role in the Arab Spring – namely, as an actor in its own right. With respect to this second dimension, this essay considers evolving Turkish policy towards the Arab world and examines the potential for Turkey to play a constructive role as a pro-democratic force in the region.