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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Urban runoff"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 25 de julio de 2025

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1

Jeong, Dong-Guk, and Beom-Hui Lee. "Urban Watershed Runoff Analysis Using Urban Runoff Models." Journal of Korea Water Resources Association 36, no. 1 (2003): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3741/jkwra.2003.36.1.075.

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2

Wei, Zhang, Li Simin, and Tang Fengbing. "Characterization of Urban Runoff Pollution between Dissolved and Particulate Phases." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/964737.

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To develop urban stormwater management effectively, characterization of urban runoff pollution between dissolved and particulate phases was studied by 12 rainfall events monitored for five typical urban catchments. The average event mean concentration (AEMC) of runoff pollutants in different phases was evaluated. The AEMC values of runoff pollutants in different phases from urban roads were higher than the ones from urban roofs. The proportions of total dissolved solids, total dissolved nitrogen, and total dissolved phosphorus in total ones for all the catchments were 26.19%–30.91%, 83.29%–90.

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3

Chung, N. T., J. S. Ra, K. Park, D. W. Kim, and S. D. Kim. "Toxicity of artificial runoff fostered with dry deposition particulates from industrial, commercial, and highway area in Gwangju, Korea." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 11 (2009): 2227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.258.

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The adverse effects of rainwater and artificial urban runoff (an imitation of urban runoff during rainfall event) were investigated using a battery of bioassays employing three test species. Urban dusts were collected at three representative sites; commercial, industrial and highway areas. The water quality parameters of rainwater and artificial runoff revealed low hardness (23.4 ∼ 34.2 mg·L−1 as CaCO3) and alkalinity (7.0 ∼ 34.2 mg·L−1 as CaCO3). High toxicities were observed in the bioassays for the artificial runoffs. The average toxic units for D. magna, S. capricornutum, and O. latipes we

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4

VALEO, C., and C. HO. "Modelling urban snowmelt runoff." Journal of Hydrology 299, no. 3-4 (2004): 237–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1694(04)00368-3.

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5

Garcia, Alfred, and Wesley P. James. "Urban Runoff Simulation Model." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 114, no. 4 (1988): 399–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1988)114:4(399).

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6

Fam, Sami, Michael K. Stenstrom, and Gary Silverman. "Hydrocarbons in Urban Runoff." Journal of Environmental Engineering 113, no. 5 (1987): 1032–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1987)113:5(1032).

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7

Baluyot, Charena, Jefta Jade Calamiong, Yunika Aloha Cruz, Erica Pedimonte, John Luis Sebastian, and Franz Santos. "Contribution of runoffs to declining water quality of urban lakes: Status and management approaches." E3S Web of Conferences 557 (2024): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202455702006.

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The water quality of many lakes around the world have declined due to continuous urbanization with runoffs being one of the significant contributors. This narrative review focuses on the presentation of existing papers that dis-cussed runoff as a contributing factor to urban lakes’ declining water quality and the different management approaches that researchers might want to prioritize in future studies. The review paper also explores the different sources of runoffs and the significant contributors to the contamination of lakes in urban areas such as sewage discharges, industrial effluents, a

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8

Kawara, Osami, Manabu Uehara, and Kanako Ibaragi. "A study on the water quality of runoff from forest." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 12 (1999): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0534.

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The important non-point sources in Japan are urban areas, rice paddy fields and forest. The forest area in river basins occupies about 70 per cent. Furthermore, Japanese forest is usually on steep mountains. Therefore, pollutant loads from the forest cannot be ignored in Japan. In this study, we discuss the seasonal variations of water quality of runoff from forest, and of component runoffs, inter-surface runoff and groundwater runoff, based on observations and on the results separated by a numerical filter. The seasonal variations of water quality and four types of relations between water qua

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9

Liu, Yang, Chunyi Wang, Yang Yu, et al. "Effect of Urban Stormwater Road Runoff of Different Land Use Types on an Urban River in Shenzhen, China." Water 11, no. 12 (2019): 2545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11122545.

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Urban storm runoff is a major source of pollutants in receiving water bodies. To assess the impact of urban stormwater runoff on an urban river, the runoff process of total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium (NH4), and total phosphorus (TP) were investigated on road surfaces classified as arterial road (AR), residential area (RA), and industrial area (IA) in the Pingshan River (PSR) watershed in Shenzhen, China. Event mean concentration (EMC) was calculated to analyze the water quality of road runoff, and the dimensionless M(V) cumulative curves were used to estimat

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10

Viklander, M., J. Marsalek, P. A. Malmquist, and W. E. Watt. "Urban drainage and highway runoff in cold climates: conference overview." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 9 (2003): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0479.

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This overview of research findings presented at the conference on urban drainage and highway runoff in cold climates starts with generation of urban runoff and snowmelt, followed by snowmelt and winter runoff quality, best management practices for urban snowmelt and winter runoff, and snow management in urban areas. Research on the urban hydrological cycle is lagging behind the needs in this field, particularly in terms of data availability. The current studies of winter urban runoff quality focus on road salts in the urban environment and their environmental effects. The needs for better sour

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11

Lee, Won Jin, and Eui Hoon Lee. "Runoff Prediction Based on the Discharge of Pump Stations in an Urban Stream Using a Modified Multi-Layer Perceptron Combined with Meta-Heuristic Optimization." Water 14, no. 1 (2022): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14010099.

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Runoff in urban streams is the most important factor influencing urban inundation. It also affects inundation in other areas as various urban streams and rivers are connected. Current runoff predictions obtained using a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) exhibit limited accuracy. In this study, the runoff of urban streams was predicted by applying an MLP using a harmony search (MLPHS) to overcome the shortcomings of MLPs using existing optimizers and compared with the observed runoff and the runoff predicted by an MLP using a real-coded genetic algorithm (RCGA). Furthermore, the results of the MLPHS

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12

Galster, Susanne, and Brigitte Helmreich. "Copper and Zinc as Roofing Materials—A Review on the Occurrence and Mitigation Measures of Runoff Pollution." Water 14, no. 3 (2022): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14030291.

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Stormwater runoff from metal roofs has been a significant subject of discussion, especially when it comes to its treatment and the target concentrations that need to be achieved prior to discharge into the aquatic environment. To raise further awareness on this issue, occurrence, characterization, and also mitigation measures for metal roof runoff were analyzed using the example of copper and zinc roofs. These stormwater runoffs were found to contain metals in significant concentrations, mainly due to the wash-off of corrosion products by precipitation. Factors influencing metal corrosion and

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13

Kim, Seog Ku, Hye Cheol Oh, Sung Won Kang, Sang Leen Yun, and Jae Hwan Ahn. "Efficiency Evaluations of Filter Media for Reduction of Non Point Source in Urban Area." Materials Science Forum 658 (July 2010): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.658.316.

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In this study, to effectively control urban non point source pollution, natural and artificial materials which were processed in various ways were charged as a filter media in a real size urban non point source pollution plant(EcoTank) and compared and evaluated the efficiency of filtering solid and organic compounds. The efficiency of filter media was evaluated after collecting dust from urban surface and artificially producing runoffs to evaluate runoff control efficiency of pollutants that caused from pollution in urban streets. To evaluate the efficiency of pollutants runoff control depend

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14

Gromaire-Mertz, M. C., S. Garnaud, A. Gonzalez, and G. Chebbo. "Characterisation of urban runoff pollution in Paris." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 2 (1999): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0071.

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Runoff was collected from 4 roofs, 3 courtyards and 6 streets on an experimental catchment in central Paris, and analysed for SS, VSS, COD, BOD5, hydrocarbons, heavy metals both as regards dissolved and particle fractions. Whereas street runoff showed important SS, COD and hydrocarbon loads, roof runoff was noticeable for its high concentration of heavy metals. These concentrations in comparison with water quality standards enhance the importance of runoff pollution. The use of sample settling for runoff treatment is discussed on the basis of data concerning the distribution between dissolved

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15

Vilca-Campana, Karla, Lorenzo Carrasco-Valencia, Carla Iruri-Ramos, Berly Cárdenas-Pillco, Adrián Escudero, and Andrea Chanove-Manrique. "Improving Urban Flood Resilience: Urban Flood Risk Mitigation Assessment Using a Geospatial Model in the Urban Section of a River Corridor." Water 17, no. 7 (2025): 1047. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17071047.

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Climate change and land use changes in urban landscapes exacerbate the runoff generation which produces economic losses and socio-environmental impacts. Urban rivers serve as blue–green infrastructure (BGI) offering ecosystem services (ESs), including runoff control and mitigation that helps in climate change adaptation, especially in arid regions where flash floods are devasting and climate models predict an increase in frequency and intensity. This study uses the InVEST urban flood risk mitigation (UFRM) model to estimate the runoff generated during precipitation events, applied to the urban

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16

Hackett, Donna B., John Schenk, David Crawford, Sri Rangarajan, and Mary Stinson. "VERIFICATION OF URBAN RUNOFF MODELS." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2002, no. 8 (2002): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864702785072605.

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17

Lee, J. "Characterization of urban stormwater runoff." Water Research 34, no. 6 (2000): 1773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(99)00325-5.

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18

Almakki, Ayad, Estelle Jumas-Bilak, Hélène Marchandin, and Patricia Licznar-Fajardo. "Antibiotic resistance in urban runoff." Science of The Total Environment 667 (June 2019): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.183.

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19

Fisher, Thomas S., Douglas G. Hayward, Robert D. Stephens, and Michael K. Stenstrom. "Dioxins and Furans Urban Runoff." Journal of Environmental Engineering 125, no. 2 (1999): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1999)125:2(185).

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20

Liu, Y., W. Che, and J. Li. "Monitor-based evaluation of pollutant load from urban stormwater runoff in Beijing." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 9 (2005): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0317.

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As a major pollutant source to urban receiving waters, the non-point source pollution from urban runoff needs to be well studied and effectively controlled. Based on monitoring data from urban runoff pollutant sources, this article describes a systematic estimation of total pollutant loads from the urban areas of Beijing. A numerical model was developed to quantify main pollutant loads of urban runoff in Beijing. A sub-procedure is involved in this method, in which the flush process influences both the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff. A statistics-based method was applied in computin

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21

Fang, Zihang, Shixiong Song, Chunyang He, et al. "Evaluating the Impacts of Future Urban Expansion on Surface Runoff in an Alpine Basin by Coupling the LUSD-Urban and SCS-CN Models." Water 12, no. 12 (2020): 3405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123405.

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Effective evaluations of the future urban expansion impacts (UEI) on surface runoff in alpine basins are full of challenges due to the lack of reliable methods. Our objective was to provide a new approach by coupling the Land Use Scenario Dynamics-urban (LUSD-urban) and Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) models to estimate the future UEI on surface runoff. Taking the Qinghaihu-Huangshui basin (QHB) in the Tibetan Plateau, China, as an example, we first applied the SCS-CN model to quantify the surface runoff in 2000 and 2018 and analyzed the changes in surface runoff. Next, we appl

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22

Kumar, Sumant, Absar Ahmad Kazmi, Narayan Chandra Ghosh, Vinod Kumar, and Ankur Rajpal. "Urban stormwater runoff treatment of Nainital Lake's catchment: an application of ballasted sand flocculation technology." Water Supply 19, no. 4 (2018): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.148.

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Abstract Stormwater runoffs are one of the primary causes for deteriorating water quality in the Nainital Lake, India – a prominent tourist attraction and the sole drinking water source for the habitants of Nainital City. Treatment of fluctuating runoffs and contaminant influxes before mixing with the lake's water by conventional methods would require a large land footprint, which is a big constraint in the Nainital because of the hilly region. Ballasted sand flocculation (BSF) technology requires much less land footprint; a full-scale 1 MLD capacity pilot plant was applied for treatment of st

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23

Shinya, M., K. Funasaka, K. Katahira, M. Ishikawa, and S. Matsui. "Lead isotope ratios in urban road runoff." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 2 (2006): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.052.

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Lead isotopic analyses of road runoff and airborne particulate matter have been carried out to elucidate sources of lead pollution at urban and suburban sites. While lead is often observed in road runoff in suspended form, suspended particle size had no relation to the lead isotopic distribution, as a result of comparison between runoff samples with total suspended solids and those with minute particles passed through a 75 μm sieve. Lead isotope ratios in airborne particulate matter in urban areas fell within a wider range than those in road runoff. Since there was little difference of the rat

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24

Wang, Yong, Shuangquan Li, Chanjuan Hu, et al. "Analysis of Surface Runoff Characteristics in Zhengzhou City under Extreme Rainfall Conditions." Sustainability 16, no. 16 (2024): 6980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16166980.

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In recent years, global climate change has become more and more obvious, and extreme rainfall weather has occurred frequently, which has a serious impact on people’s life and property safety. In order to reduce the risk of urban flooding and contribute to the sustainable development of the urban economy, society, and environment, this study takes Zhengzhou City as the study area. The surface runoff during extreme rainfall events from 2005 to 2023 was simulated using the SCS-CN model, and the spatiotemporal patterns of surface runoff during extreme rainfall conditions and their influencing fact

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25

Ichiki, A., K. J. Hall, Y. Maruta, and K. Yamada. "Comparison of pollutant runoff in Lake Biwa tributaries, Japan and the brunette river watershed, Canada." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 7 (2001): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0392.

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This study is aimed at verifying runoff pollutant loadings from urban areas. Urban runoff has been considered an important source of diffuse pollution especially during storm events. This paper describes the pollutant runoff during storm events, mainly in terms of effects of watershed characteristics. Data collected from Lake Biwa tributaries, Japan, have shown fundamental information to control pollutant runoff into receiving water. Also, data from the Brunette River watershed, Canada, which is a highly urbanized watershed in the Vancouver region, have been used for a comparative analysis. In

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26

Shukla, Saurabh, Tesfa Worku Meshesha, Indra S. Sen, Roland Bol, Heye Bogena, and Junye Wang. "Assessing Impacts of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Change on Stream Flow and Runoff in Rur Basin, Germany." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (2023): 9811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129811.

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Understanding the impact of land use/land cover (LULC) change on hydrology is the key to sustainable water resource management. In this study, we used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to evaluate the impact of LULC change on the runoff in the Rur basin, Germany. The SWAT model was calibrated against the observed data of stream flow and runoff at three sites (Stah, Linnich, and Monschau) between 2000 and 2010 and validated between 2011 and 2015. The performance of the hydrological model was assessed by using statistical parameters such as the coefficient of determination (R2), p-value,

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27

Li, Tang, Cunyou Chen, Qizhen Li, et al. "Evolution Characteristics of Landscape Patterns and the Response of Surface Runoff in a Rapid Urbanization Area: Focus on the Chang–Zhu–Tan Metropolitan Area of China." Water 15, no. 19 (2023): 3467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15193467.

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With the acceleration of urbanization, the disturbance to urban landscape patterns causes changes to urban surface runoff and increases the risk of urban waterlogging. We studied the response relationship between landscape pattern change and surface runoff in the Chang–Zhu–Tan metropolitan area for the period from 2000 to 2020, analyzing the driving factors that affected surface runoff. The influence of landscape pattern evolution on surface runoff was studied using the SCS-CN flow generation model, the moving window method, and Pearson’s analysis. The analysis showed that between 2000 and 202

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28

Swathi, V., K. Srinivasa Raju, Murari R. R. Varma, and S. Sai Veena. "Automatic calibration of SWMM using NSGA-III and the effects of delineation scale on an urban catchment." Journal of Hydroinformatics 21, no. 5 (2019): 781–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2019.033.

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Abstract The study aims at calibration of the storm water management model (SWMM) with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-III (NSGA-III) for urban catchment in Hyderabad, India. The SWMM parameters calibrated were Manning's roughness coefficient (N), depression storage for pervious and impervious areas (DP and Di), sub-catchment width (W), curve number (CN), drying time (dry) of soil and percentage of imperviousness (I). The efficacy of calibration was evaluated by comparing the observed and simulated peak flows and runoff using goodness-of-fit indices. The calibration takes into consider

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29

Oraei Zare, S., B. Saghafian, and A. Shamsai. "Multi-objective optimization for combined quality–quantity urban runoff control." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 12 (2012): 4531–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4531-2012.

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Abstract. Urban development affects the quantity and quality of urban surface runoff. In recent years, the best management practices (BMPs) concept has been widely promoted for control of both quality and quantity of urban floods. However, means to optimize the BMPs in a conjunctive quantity/quality framework are still under research. In this paper, three objective functions were considered: (1) minimization of the total flood damages, cost of BMP implementation and cost of land-use development; (2) reducing the amount of TSS (total suspended solid) and BOD5 (biological oxygen demand), represe

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30

Sim, Sang-Bo, and Hyung-Jun Kim. "The Impact of Storm Sewer Network Simplification and Rainfall Runoff Methods on Urban Flood Analysis." Water 16, no. 22 (2024): 3307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16223307.

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Due to the impact of climate change, the importance of urban flood analysis is increasing. One of the biggest challenges in urban flood simulations is the complexity of storm sewer networks, which significantly affects both computational time and accuracy. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the impact of sewer network simplification on the accuracy and computational performance of urban flood prediction by comparing different rainfall runoff methods. Using the hyper-connected solution for urban flood (HC-SURF) model, two rainfall runoff methods, the SWMM Runoff method and the Surface Run

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31

Grodek, T., J. Lange, J. Lekach, and S. Husary. "Urban hydrology in mountainous middle eastern cities." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 3 (2011): 953–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-953-2011.

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Abstract. The Mediterranean climate together with the type of urban setting found in mountainous Middle Eastern cities generate much lower runoff yields than previously reported and than usually estimated for urban design. In fact, a close analysis shows that most of the rainwater remains within the cities as a possible source for urban groundwater recharge. The present study examined two locales – Ramallah, an old traditional Palestinian Arab town, and Modiin, a new township in Israel – both situated on the karstic Yarkon Taninim aquifer. This aquifer supplies the only high-quality drinking w

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32

Grodek, T., J. Lange, J. Lekach, and S. Husary. "Urban hydrology in mountainous middle eastern cities." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 5 (2010): 7305–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-7305-2010.

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Abstract. The Mediterranean climate together with the type of urban setting found in mountainous Middle Eastern cities generate much lower runoff yields than previously reported and than usually estimated for urban design. In fact, a close analysis shows that most of the rainwater remains within the cities as a possible source for urban groundwater recharge. The present study examined two locales – Ramallah, an old traditional Palestinian Arab town, and Modiin, a new township in Israel – both situated on the karstic Yarkon Taninim aquifer. This aquifer supplies the only high-quality drinking w

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33

Son, Jinkwan, and Taegeun Kwon. "Evaluation and Improvement Measures of the Runoff Coefficient of Urban Parks for Sustainable Water Balance." Land 11, no. 7 (2022): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11071098.

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As the impermeable sidewalk area increases in urban areas, diverse problems related to water occur. The purposes of this research were to increase the rainwater infiltration rate through water balance analysis and estimate the runoff coefficient according to land cover types in urban parks. The regression equations and runoff coefficients relative to the rainwater infiltration rate were estimated according to the land cover types and applied to eight urban parks. In the results of the experiment, the runoff coefficient was 0.245 for vegetation areas, 0.583 for permeable sidewalks, 0.963 for si

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34

Cho, Eunsaem, and Chulsang Yoo. "Rainfall-runoff Analysis Method Considering the Effect of High-rise Buildings." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 6 (2020): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.6.407.

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In this study, a rainfall runoff process analysis method considering the effect of high-rise buildings was proposed. The proposed method was applied to the Yeoksam urban basin in Seoul. For rainfall-runoff analysis, a shot noise process based model was used to independently analyze the runoff from the wall and roof of a high-rise building. Thus, the Yeoksam urban basin was divided into 155 sub-basins for analysis. It was observed that the peak runoff increased by 22.0% in the 9-2 sub-basin. However, in a sub-basin in which the peak runoff increased by 10.0% or more due to high-rise buildings,

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35

Zuraini, Noor Atiqah, Noraliani Alias, Zainab Mohamed Yusof, Muhammad Nassir Hanapi, and Sobri Harun. "First flush analysis of urban stormwater runoff from an urban catchment in Johor, Malaysia." MATEC Web of Conferences 250 (2018): 06014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201825006014.

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An increase of pollutants that are present in the initial stage of stormwater runoff hydrograph compared to a later stage of runoff is defined as a first flush phenomenon. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of first flush from samples of urban stormwater runoff obtained from the grounds of a University in Skudai, Johor, Malaysia. In order to achieve the study’s objective; field investigations, manual sampling of urban stormwater runoff, laboratory testing and data analysis were carried out and the evaluation of the first flush phenomenon was calculated using concentration-based firs

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36

Morrison, G. M., C. Wei, and M. Engdahl. "Variations of Environmental Parameters and Ecological Response in an Urban River." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 12 (1993): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0299.

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Water and sediment quality deterioration in an urban river was assessed during and after stormwater runoff and sewer overflow. Stormwater runoff bad a noticeable effect on continuous measurements of water quality in the urban river; oxygen sag and increased conductivity was a typical response. Sediment toxicity was found at sites directly exposed to urban runoff, while concentrations of copper and lead exceeded sediment quality criteria. The enzyme activity of the sediment-dwelling bacteria was found to be more sensitive with inhibition downstream and upstream of urban discharge.

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37

Love, Cheyenne H., and Brian G. Laub. "Precipitation-Driven Anthropogenic Pollutant Fluctuations Within Standing Water Sources of the Edwards Aquifer Region, Texas." Air, Soil and Water Research 15 (January 2022): 117862212211082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786221221108213.

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The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of urban runoff in pollutant delivery to standing water pools within the Edwards Aquifer region of Texas. Grab samples of water were collected weekly over 5 months at one urban pool, one undeveloped pool, and one control pond that received minimal runoff. Samples were tested for nitrates, total dissolved phosphorus, Escherichia coli, and other coliform bacteria. The urban site had higher nitrate, E. coli, and other coliform bacteria concentrations than the undeveloped site. Significant positive linear relationships between weekly antec

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38

Seo, Y., N. J. Choi, and A. R. Schmidt. "Contribution of directly connected and isolated impervious areas to urban drainage network hydrographs." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 5 (2013): 5605–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-5605-2013.

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Abstract. This paper addresses the mass balance error observed in runoff hydrographs in urban watersheds by introducing assumptions regarding the contribution of infiltrated rainfall from pervious areas and isolated impervious area (IIA) to the runoff hydrograph. Rainfall infiltrating into pervious areas has been assumed not to contribute to the runoff hydrograph until Hortonian excess rainfall occurs. However, mass balance analysis in an urban watershed indicates that rainfall infiltrated to pervious areas can contribute to direct runoff hydrograph, thereby offering an explanation for the lon

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39

Marko, I., R. Wittmanová, J. Hrudka, A. Raczková, and I. Škultétyová. "Quality of first flush of rainwater from urban area: short review." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1252, no. 1 (2022): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1252/1/012075.

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Abstract As a result of changes in social, economic, and political relations, undesirable phenomena are created that have an adverse effect on the urban environment. Surface runoff represents one of several risks to environmental policy, causing the major problem in urban agglomerations. In an urbanized area, it causes an increased runoff volume and the flood peak. Also, it affects increasing the contamination of urban rainwater. The significant problem of surface runoff formation in urban river basins is the accumulation of pollutants on the surface of paved areas during the rainless period.

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40

Zhang, Jing, and Richard C. Peralta. "Estimating infiltration increase and runoff reduction due to green infrastructure." Journal of Water and Climate Change 10, no. 2 (2018): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.354.

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Abstract To aid urban entities desiring to reduce runoff from precipitation while increasing aquifer recharge, we present an approach for simultaneously quantifying runoff and infiltration. Developing the approach involved using: (1) the Windows version of the Source Loading and Management Model (WINSLAMM) to estimate runoff from precipitation in areas with green infrastructure (GI); and (2) the SCS runoff curve method to estimate infiltration. Computed infiltration and runoff values enable the estimation of the runoff reduction and infiltration increase due to alternative GI construction mode

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41

Hu, Shanshan, Yunyun Fan, and Tao Zhang. "Assessing the Effect of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in a Rapidly Urbanized City: A Case Study of the Central Area of Beijing." Land 9, no. 1 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9010017.

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The change in land use during the process of urbanization affects surface runoff and increases flood risk in big cities. This study investigated the impact of land use change on surface runoff in Beijing’s central area during the period of rapid urbanization from 1984 to 2019. Land use maps of 1984, 1999, 2009, and 2019 were generated by image classification of Landsat images. Surface runoffs were calculated with the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) model. Correlation analysis was used to identify the dominant factor of land use change affecting surface runoff. The result showed

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42

Field, R., and R. E. Pitt. "Urban Storm-Induced Discharge Impacts: US Environmental Protection Agency Research Program Review." Water Science and Technology 22, no. 10-11 (1990): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1990.0281.

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Fecal coliform bacteria (and pathogens), high flow rates, sediment, toxic heavy metals and organic pollutants are most commonly associated with urban receiving water problems. Most beneficial uses have been shown to be adversely affected by urban runoff, including shell fish harvesting, fish and aquatic life propagation, drinking water supplies, aesthetics and recreation. Most of the problems occur over long periods of time and are not associated with individual runoff events, making cause and effect relationships difficult to study. The Storm and Combined Sewer Program of the U.S. Environment

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43

Jensen, Mogens. "Rain-Runoff Parameters for Six Small Gauged Urban Catchments." Hydrology Research 21, no. 3 (1990): 165–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1990.0013.

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The interpretation of rain-runoff measurements from 6 small (less than 17 ha) urban catchments is described. The recording period covers mostly 1979-1983. Relations between rain- and runoff depths were developed using the traditional linear regression model as well as a new continuous model. Both models compute runoff from impervious surfaces in the same way. Calculation of runoff from semipervious surfaces accounts for infiltration through cracks, percolation from a sublayer and evaporation during dry weather. These phenomena are related to water content of the sublayer. The 10 parameters in

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44

Couillard, Denis. "Réponse d'une chaîne de traitement biologique des eaux usées à des apports de ruissellement urbain." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 6 (1990): 894–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l90-101.

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During periods of rain, combined sewer systems carry urban runoff water to sewage works. Urban runoff water is different, however, from household wastewater — the usual influent of wastewater treatment systems — especially the flow and the concentrations of suspended solids and metals. The purpose of the research described herein was to examine potential effects of runoff water on a treatment system to find out if major damage to the system is likely to result from input of urban runoff. The literature on urban runoff and on qualitative, toxic, quantitative, and hydraulic shocks was reviewed,

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45

Walker, Kevin P., and Richard N. Deguida. "Urban runoff and combined sewer overflow." Water Environment Research 67, no. 4 (1995): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143095x133428.

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46

Haiping, Zhang, and Kiyoshi Yamada. "Estimation for urban runoff quality modeling." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 3-4 (1996): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0415.

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Many models have been developed which simulate the quality of runoff from urban impervious areas. Common to these models is the use of exponential accumulation and washoff equations. The two equations have often been calibrated separately by trial and error. However, field data of nonpoint source investigations are usually collected at the watershed outlet or at a few points on impervious surfaces, both of which reflect the combining effects of accumulation in dry weathers and washoff in wet weathers. It is therefore preferable to estimate these parameters simultaneously to obtain the global o

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47

Bengtsson, Lars. "Wetland systems to control urban runoff." Urban Water Journal 4, no. 2 (2007): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15730620701398372.

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48

Eckley, Chris S., and Brian Branfireun. "Mercury mobilization in urban stormwater runoff." Science of The Total Environment 403, no. 1-3 (2008): 164–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.05.021.

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49

Turčan, Jozef. "Rainfall versus runoff in urban hydrology." Atmospheric Research 27, no. 1-3 (1991): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-8095(91)90010-t.

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50

Choi, Kyung-sook, and James E. Ball. "Parameter estimation for urban runoff modelling." Urban Water 4, no. 1 (2002): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1462-0758(01)00072-3.

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