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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Uterine glucose uptake"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 20 de febrero de 2023

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1

Chandler, K. D., B. J. Leury, A. R. Bird, and A. W. Bell. "Effects of undernutrition and exercise during late pregnancy on uterine, fetal and uteroplacental metabolism in the ewe." British Journal of Nutrition 53, no. 3 (May 1985): 625–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850072.

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1. Uterine, umbilical and, by difference, uteroplacental net uptakes of oxygen, glucose, lactate and 3-hydroxybutyrate (uterine uptake only) were measured in single-pregnant ewes which were either well-fed throughout, or severely undernourished for 8–20 d during late pregnancy. All animals were studied while standing at rest and then while walking on a treadmill at 0.7 m/s on a 10° slope for 60 min.2. Undernutrition did not significantly affect fetal or placental weights at 143 d gestation but caused a 14% decrease in maternal live weight. Uterine blood flow was decreased by 32% and was associ

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2

Leury, B. J., A. R. Bird, K. D. Chandler, and A. W. Bell. "Glucose partitioning in the pregnant ewe: Effects of undernutrition and exercise." British Journal of Nutrition 64, no. 2 (September 1990): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19900045.

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Maternal whole-body glucose entry rate and uterine and umbilical net uptakes of glucose and oxygen were measured in single-pregnant ewes which were either well-fed throughout, or fed at 0.3–0.4 predicted energy requirement for 7–21 d during late pregnancy. All ewes were studied while standing at rest and then while walking on a treadmill at 0.7 m/s on a 10° slope for 60 min. Underfed ewes suffered significant decreases in live weight and had lower fetal, but not placental, weights at 140–144 d gestation. Undernutrition also caused large decreases in maternal glycaemia and glucose entry rate, w

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3

Bell, A. W., J. M. Kennaugh, F. C. Battaglia, E. L. Makowski, and G. Meschia. "Metabolic and circulatory studies of fetal lamb at midgestation." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 250, no. 5 (May 1, 1986): E538—E544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1986.250.5.e538.

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Uterine and umbilical blood flows, the placental clearance of 3H2O, uterine and umbilical uptakes of oxygen, glucose, and lactate were measured in conscious, pregnant sheep at 71-81 days gestation. Fetal weight was 210 +/- 20 g and less than half placental weight. In relation to fetal weight, umbilical flow was 468 +/- 57 ml X min-1 X kg-1, more than double normal values for the mature fetus. Clearance of 3H2O was approximately 12% of the late pregnancy value but high in relation to fetal weight (280 +/- 23 ml X min-1 X kg-1). Fetal oxygen uptake was 10.9 +/- 0.6 ml X min-1 X kg-1, approximate

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4

Das, Utpala G., Jing He, Richard A. Ehrhardt, William W. Hay, and Sherin U. Devaskar. "Time-dependent physiological regulation of ovine placental GLUT-3 glucose transporter protein." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 6 (December 1, 2000): R2252—R2261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.6.r2252.

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We immunolocalized the GLUT-3 glucose transporter isoform versus GLUT-1 in the late-gestation epitheliochorial ovine placenta, and we examined the effect of chronic maternal hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia on placental GLUT-3 concentrations. GLUT-3 was limited to the apical surface of the trophoectoderm, whereas GLUT-1 was on the basolateral and apical surfaces of this cell layer and in the epithelial cells lining the placental uterine glands. GLUT-3 concentrations declined at 17–20 days of chronic hyperglycemia ( P < 0.05), associated with increased uterine and uteroplacental net glucose up

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5

Hooper, S. B., D. W. Walker, and R. Harding. "Oxygen, glucose, and lactate uptake by fetus and placenta during prolonged hypoxemia." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 268, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): R303—R309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1995.268.2.r303.

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Our aim was to compare the effects of short (4 h) and prolonged (24 h) periods of reduced uterine blood flow (RUBF) on fetal and placental uptake of O2, glucose, and lactate. In pregnant sheep, uterine and umbilical blood flows were measured under normal conditions and after 4 and 24 h of RUBF. A 50% reduction in uterine blood flow caused a 56% reduction in fetal arterial O2 saturation (SaO2). Umbilical blood flow increased from 325 +/- 33 to 378 +/- 32 ml.min-1.kg-1 (P < 0.05) after 4 h but was not different from pre-RUBF values after 24 h. O2 uptake by the gravid uterus was not altered by

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6

Reynolds, L. P., C. L. Ferrell, Debra A. Robertson, and S. P. Ford. "Metabolism of the gravid uterus, foetus and utero-placenta at several stages of gestation in cows." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 3 (June 1986): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600063309.

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SummaryTo quantify changes in rates of metabolism and nutrient uptake of gravid uteiine, foetal and utero-placental tissues throughout gestation, mature Hereford cows received surgery at 132 ± 0·6 (n = 12), 176 ± 0·5 (n = 8), 220 ±0·4 (n = 11) and 245 ±1·5 (n = 7) days after mating. Indwelling catheters were implanted into a uterine artery and vein of all cows. Foetal catheters also were implanted into an umbilical vein and foetal femoral artery and vein (days 176 and 220) or into a placental artery and two placental veins (days 132 and 245). Approximately 5 days after surgery, deuterium oxide

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7

Trotta, Ronald J., Manuel A. Vasquez-Hidalgo, Brandon I. Smith, Sarah A. Reed, Kristen E. Govoni, Kimberly A. Vonnahme, and Kendall C. Swanson. "248 Maternal Nutrient Restriction During Mid-gestation Decreases Uteroplacental Release and Fetal Uptake of Essential Amino Acids in Sheep." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.238.

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Abstract To examine the effects of maternal nutrient restriction on net uteroplacental flux during mid-gestation, 14 singleton ewes (48.2 ± 4.0 kg body weight) were fed 100% (control; CON; n = 7) or 60% of nutrient requirements (restricted; RES; n = 7) from day 50–90 (mid-gestation). On day 90, uteroplacental blood flow was measured via Doppler ultrasonography and blood samples were collected from the femoral artery, uterine vein, umbilical artery, and umbilical vein. Blood vessel glucose and amino acids (AA) concentrations were measured and arterial-venous (uterine, AV; fetal, va) differences

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8

Tanner, Amelia R., Cameron S. Lynch, Victoria C. Kennedy, Asghar Ali, Quinton A. Winger, Paul J. Rozance, and Russell V. Anthony. "CSH RNA Interference Reduces Global Nutrient Uptake and Umbilical Blood Flow Resulting in Intrauterine Growth Restriction." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15 (July 29, 2021): 8150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158150.

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Deficiency of the placental hormone chorionic somatomammotropin (CSH) can lead to the development of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). To gain insight into the physiological consequences of CSH RNA interference (RNAi), the trophectoderm of hatched blastocysts (nine days of gestational age; dGA) was infected with a lentivirus expressing either a scrambled control or CSH-specific shRNA, prior to transfer into synchronized recipient sheep. At 90 dGA, umbilical hemodynamics and fetal measurements were assessed by Doppler ultrasonography. At 120 dGA, pregnancies were fitted with vascular cath

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9

Thureen, Patti J., Susan M. Anderson, and William W. Hay. "Regulation of uterine and umbilical amino acid uptakes by maternal amino acid concentrations." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): R849—R859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.3.r849.

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We tested the hypothesis that decreased fetal amino acid (AA) supply, produced by maternal hypoaminoacidemia (low AA) during hyperglycemia (HG), is reversible with maternal AA infusion and regulates fetal insulin concentration ([I]). We measured net uterine and umbilical AA uptakes during maternal HG/low AA concentration ([AA]) and after maternal intravenous infusion of a mixed AA solution. After 5 days HG, all maternal [AA] except glycine were decreased >50%, particularly essential [AA] ( P < 0.00005). Most fetal [AA] also were decreased, especially branched-chain AA ( P < 0.001). Ma

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10

Wallace, Jacqueline M., Deirdre A. Bourke, Raymond P. Aitken, Neil Leitch, and William W. Hay. "Blood flows and nutrient uptakes in growth-restricted pregnancies induced by overnourishing adolescent sheep." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 282, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): R1027—R1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00465.2001.

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To establish physiological mechanisms for fetal growth restriction in pregnant adolescent ewes we studied uterine, fetal, and uteroplacental metabolism in ewes offered a high ( n = 12) or moderate ( n = 10) dietary intake. High intakes decreased placental (226 vs. 414 g, P < 0.001) and fetal weight (3,323 vs. 4,626 g, P < 0.01). Uterine blood flow was reduced absolutely (−36%) but proportional to conceptus weight; umbilical blood flow was reduced absolutely (−37%) and per fetal weight (−15%). Uterine oxygen uptake was decreased per conceptus weight (−14%); there was no change in fetal we

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11

Frolova, Antonina I., and Kelle H. Moley. "Glucose transporters in the uterus: an analysis of tissue distribution and proposed physiological roles." REPRODUCTION 142, no. 2 (August 2011): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-11-0114.

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Facilitative glucose transport molecules (glucose transporters, GLUTs) are responsible for glucose transport across cellular membranes. Of the 14 family members, expression of nine has been reported in the murine uterus and seven in the human uterus. Some studies reveal that adequate glucose uptake and metabolism are essential for the proper differentiation of the uterine endometrium toward a receptive state capable of supporting embryo implantation. However, the mechanistic role of GLUTs in endometrial function remains poorly understood. This review aims to present the current knowledge about

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12

Nie, Li, You-bo Zhao, Dan Zhao, Yun Long, Yi Lei, Min Liu, Yi-cheng Wang, et al. "Progesterone-induced miR-152 interferes with embryonic implantation by downregulating GLUT3 in endometrial epithelium." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 316, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): E557—E567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00245.2018.

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To investigate the role of progesterone-induced micro-RNA (miR)-152 in early embryonic development and implantation by regulating GLUT3 in endometrial epithelium, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-152, GLUT1, and GLUT3 in the endometrial epithelial cells of female mice. GLUT1 and GLUT3 proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining in the mouse endometrial epithelium. Bioinformatics prediction associated with a luciferase assay was performed to determine whether GLUT1 and GLUT3 are target genes of miR-152. Specific miR-152 mimics or inhibitors were transfected into the e

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13

Vaughan, O. R., M. J. De Blasio, and A. L. Fowden. "Ovine uteroplacental and fetal metabolism during and after fetal cortisol overexposure in late gestation." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 314, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): R791—R801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00194.2017.

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Cortisol modifies fetal metabolism in preparation for delivery, but whether preterm cortisol exposure programs persisting changes in fetoplacental metabolism remains unknown. This study infused fetal sheep with saline ( n = 36) or cortisol ( n = 27) to raise fetal plasma cortisol to normal prepartum concentrations for 5 days from day 125 of gestation (term: ≈145 days). Fetal uptake and uteroplacental metabolism of glucose, oxygen, and lactate, together with fetal hepatic glucogenic capacity, were measured on the final day of infusion or 5 days later. Cortisol reduced adrenal weight and umbilic

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14

Boyle, D. W., G. Meschia, and R. B. Wilkening. "Metabolic adaptation of fetal hindlimb to severe, nonlethal hypoxia." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 263, no. 5 (November 1, 1992): R1130—R1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.5.r1130.

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To test the hypothesis that an important aspect of the fetal response to severe, nonlethal hypoxia is a relatively large reduction in oxidative metabolism and small increase in lactate production by organs whose O2 supply is selectively reduced, net fluxes of O2, glucose, pyruvate, lactate, and CO2 derived from fetal plasma lactate carbon [(CO2)PL] were measured across the hindlimb and umbilical circulations in six sheep fetuses before and at 200-260 min of hypoxia. During hypoxia, blood lactate reached a high but steady level (15.2 +/- 2.2 vs. 1.7 +/- 0.2 mM; P < 0.001). Hypoxia was induce

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15

Teng, Cecilia C., Susan Tjoa, Paul V. Fennessey, Randall B. Wilkening, and Frederick C. Battaglia. "Transplacental Carbohydrate and Sugar Alcohol Concentrations and Their Uptakes in Ovine Pregnancy." Experimental Biology and Medicine 227, no. 3 (March 2002): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153537020222700306.

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The concentrations of glucose, fructose, sorbitol, glycerol, and myo-inositol in sheep blood and tissues have been reported previously (1–5). However, the other polyols that are at low concentrations have not been investigated in pregnant sheep due to technical difficulties. By using HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, seven polyols (myo-inositol, glycerol, erythritol, arabitol, sorbitol, ribitol, and mannitol) and three hexoses (mannose, glucose, and fructose) were identified and quantified in four blood vessels supplying and draining the placenta (maternal artery, uterine vein, fe

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16

Reynolds, L. P., C. L. Ferrell, J. A. Nienaber, and S. P. Ford. "Effects of chronic environmental heat stress on blood flow and nutrient uptake of the gravid bovine uterus and foetus." Journal of Agricultural Science 104, no. 2 (April 1985): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002185960004394x.

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SummaryTo evaluate the effects of chronic environmental heat stress during mid-gestation on gravid uterine and foetal metabolism, mature Hereford cows were assigned to control (n = 8) or heat stress (n = 5) treatments beginning on day 100 of gestation. Uterine and umbilical blood flows were estimated by the steady-state diffusion procedure on day 169 ± 4 of gestation. Oxygen (O2), glucose, lactate, α-amino nitrogen and urea nitrogen concentrations were determined for uterine and umbilical blood samples collected during this procedure. Foetuses and foetal fluids were collected on day 174±4.Uter

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17

Tanner, Amelia R., Asghar Ali, Quinton A. Winger, Paul J. Rozance, and Russell V. Anthony. "152 Impact of chorionic somatomammotropin RNA interference on uterine blood flow and placental glucose uptake in the absence of intrauterine growth restriction." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.220.

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Abstract Chorionic somatomammotropin (CSH) is one of the most abundant hormones produced by the sheep placenta, yet the exact function of CSH has been elusive. Previously we reported the use of in vivo RNA interference (RNAi) to assess the impact of CSH deficiency on placental and fetal growth in sheep. Near-term (135 dGA), there are two distinct CSH RNAi phenotypes: 1) pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and 2) pregnancies with normal fetal and placental weights. This study describes physiological changes in the latter phenotype. To generate the CSH RNAi pregnancies, the

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18

DiGiacomo, J. E., and W. W. Hay. "Placental-fetal glucose exchange and placental glucose consumption in pregnant sheep." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 258, no. 2 (February 1, 1990): E360—E367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1990.258.2.e360.

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To determine the separate effects of changes in fetal glucose and insulin concentrations on uteroplacental glucose transfer (UPGT) and consumption (UPGC) we studied 24 late-gestation pregnant sheep during fetal insulin infusions alone and with simultaneous glucose clamp. Insulin infusion alone increased fetal glucose utilization rate (GUR) by 45% (P less than 0.001), decreasing fetal glucose concentration by 40% (P less than 0.01) and thereby increasing fetal glucose clearance (Clglu) by 150% (P less than 0.001). Maternal-fetal glucose gradient also increased, resulting in a 40% increase (P le

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19

Gardner, HG, and PL Kaye. "Characterization of glucose transport in preimplantation mouse embryos." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 7, no. 1 (1995): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9950041.

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Membrane transport of glucose divorced from metabolism, was analysed in 2-cell embryos, morulae and blastocysts in the preimplantation mouse. A non-metabolizable radiolabelled analogue, 3,0 methyl D-glucose (3OMG) was used, and glucose was used as well in morulae and blastocysts; incubation times were < or = 5 min. Uptake occurred by combination of a non-saturable process, resistant to cytochalasin-B, and a facilitated process exhibiting classic Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The rate constant for the non-saturable component increased from 1.22 +/- 0.12 pL embryo-1 min-1 in 2-cell embryos to 2.

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20

Shida, M., M. Murakami, H. Tsukada, Y. Ishiguro, K. Kikuchi, E. Yamashita, H. Kajiwara, M. Yasuda, and M. Ide. "F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in leiomyomatous uterus." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 17, no. 1 (January 2007): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00778.x.

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Leiomyomas of uterus are common disease in gynecology. It is important to differentiate leiomyoma from leiomyosarcoma at the decision of treatment methods, especially in the case of the conservative treatment for uterine leiomyoma. But the exact diagnosis of benign leiomyoma is often difficult due to the degeneration of myoma by imaging modalities including magnetic resonance imaging. Recently, whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been used for a diagnosis of malignant tumors. There is a growing body of evidence for the use of FDG in differentia

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21

Kitanaka, T., R. D. Gilbert, and L. D. Longo. "Maternal responses to long-term hypoxemia in sheep." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 256, no. 6 (June 1, 1989): R1340—R1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1989.256.6.r1340.

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To determine the maternal cardiovascular responses to long-term hypoxemia, we studied three groups of animals: 1) pregnant ewes (n = 20) at 110-115 days gestation subjected to hypoxia for up to 28 days; 2) pregnant ewes (n = 4) that served as normoxic controls; and 3) nonpregnant ewes (n = 6) subjected to hypoxemia for up to 28 days. We measured mean arterial pressure, heart rate, uterine blood flow, and uterine vascular resistance continuously for 1 h/day while the ewe was exposed to an inspired O2 fraction of 12-13% for at least 17 days. Arterial PO2, O2 saturation, hemoglobin, arteriovenous

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22

Frolova, Antonina I., and Kelle H. Moley. "Quantitative Analysis of Glucose Transporter mRNAs in Endometrial Stromal Cells Reveals Critical Role of GLUT1 in Uterine Receptivity." Endocrinology 152, no. 5 (February 22, 2011): 2123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2010-1266.

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Recurrent miscarriages affect about 1–2% of couples trying to conceive; however, mechanisms leading to this complication are largely unknown. Most studies focus on the early embryo, but proper development and implantation of the blastocyst are also dependent on optimal endometrial progression into a receptive state. One of the key steps in the uterine preparation for embryo receptivity, known as decidualization, is the differentiation of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) into decidual cells. During this transition, the ESCs undergo a drastic change in glucose metabolism. The efficiency of gluco

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23

Bertolini, M., A. L. Moyer, J. B. Mason, C. A. Batchelder, K. A. Hoffert, L. R. Bertolini, G. F. Carneiro, et al. "Evidence of increased substrate availability to in vitro-derived bovine foetuses and association with accelerated conceptus growth." Reproduction 128, no. 3 (September 2004): 341–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00188.

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Changes in placental development have been associated with foetal abnormalities after in vitro embryo manipulations. This study was designed to investigate bovine conceptus development and substrate levels in plasma and fluids in in vivo- and in vitro-produced (IVP) concepti and neonates. In vivo-produced and IVP embryos were derived by established embryo production procedures. Pregnant animals from both groups were slaughtered on days 90 or 180 of gestation, or allowed to go to term. Conceptus and neonatal physical traits were recorded; foetal, maternal and neonatal blood, and foetal fluids w

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24

Fowden, Abigail L., and Alison J. Forhead. "Insulin Deficiency Alters the Metabolic and Endocrine Responses to Undernutrition in Fetal Sheep Near Term." Endocrinology 153, no. 8 (June 5, 2012): 4008–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2012-1063.

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Insulin deficiency affects the adult metabolic response to undernutrition, but its effects on the fetal response to maternal undernutrition remain unknown. This study examined the effects of maternal fasting for 48 h in late gestation on the metabolism of fetal sheep made insulin deficient by pancreatectomy (PX). The endocrine and metabolic responses to maternal fasting differed between intact, sham-operated and PX fetuses, despite a similar degree of hypoglycemia. Compared with intact fetuses, there was no increase in the plasma concentrations of cortisol or norepinephrine in PX fetuses durin

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Symonds, M. E., M. J. Bryant, D. A. L. Shepherd, and M. A. Lomax. "Glucose metabolism in shorn and unshorn pregnant sheep." British Journal of Nutrition 60, no. 2 (September 1988): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19880097.

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1. Whole-body, hind-limb and uterine tissue metabolism of glucose was studied using a combination of isotopic and arterio-venous difference techniques in shorn and unshorn pregnant sheep over the final 4 weeks of pregnancy. This was combined with the measurement of the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood and plasma concentrations of lactate, acetate, non-esterified fatty acids, 3-hydroxybutyrate, glycerol, growth hormone (GH), insulin, glucagon, cortisol, thyroxine and 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine (T3).2. Glucose entry rate was 28 % higher in shorn ewes compared with uns

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GATFORD, Kathryn L., E. Marelyn WINTOUR, Miles J. DE BLASIO, Julie A. OWENS, and Miodrag DODIC. "Differential timing for programming of glucose homoeostasis, sensitivity to insulin and blood pressure by in utero exposure to dexamethasone in sheep." Clinical Science 98, no. 5 (April 3, 2000): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0980553.

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Numerous epidemiological studies have related an increased risk of adult-onset cardiovascular and metabolic disease to an adverse intra-uterine environment at critical periods. We have shown that fetal sheep exposed to dexamethasone for only 2 days at 27 days of gestation (term ≈ 150 days) became hypertensive adults, whereas those exposed at 64 days of gestation remained normotensive, as did controls. In the same sheep, now nearly 5 years old, we performed glucose tolerance tests and hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamps to study the insulin sensitivity of glucose, amino acid and non-esterified

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Ak, ??lknur, Sinan ??zalp, ??mer T. Yal??in, Evren Zor, and Erkan Vardareli. "Uptake of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in uterine leiomyoma: imaging of four patients by coincidence positron emission tomography." Nuclear Medicine Communications 25, no. 9 (September 2004): 941–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-200409000-00012.

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Kua, Kok Lim, Shanming Hu, Chunlin Wang, Jianrong Yao, Diana Dang, Alexander B. Sawatzke, Jeffrey L. Segar, Kai Wang, and Andrew W. Norris. "Fetal hyperglycemia acutely induces persistent insulin resistance in skeletal muscle." Journal of Endocrinology 242, no. 1 (July 2019): M1—M15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-18-0455.

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Offspring exposed in utero to maternal diabetes exhibit long-lasting insulin resistance, though the initiating mechanisms have received minimal experimental attention. Herein, we show that rat fetuses develop insulin resistance after only 2-day continuous exposure to isolated hyperglycemia starting on gestational day 18. Hyperglycemia-induced reductions in insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation localized primarily to fetal skeletal muscle. The skeletal muscle of hyperglycemia-exposed fetuses also exhibited impaired in vivo glucose uptake. To address longer term impacts of this short hyperglycemic

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29

Sadowska, Joanna, Wioleta Dudzińska, and Izabela Dziaduch. "Effects of different models of sucrose intake on the oxidative status of the uterus and ovary of rats." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 18, 2021): e0251789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251789.

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The aim of the study was to assess the effect of different models of sucrose intake on carbohydrate-lipid metabolism and changes in oxidant balance in the ovaries and uterus of rats. Animals were divided into three groups: I—basic feed, II—feed contains 8% of sucrose, III—alternately every second week the basic feed and modified feed contains 16% of sucrose. The diet containing 8% of sucrose was found to result in an increased activity of antioxidant enzymes in the blood, with unchanged malonylodialdehyde concentration. Variable sucrose administration pattern intensified oxidative stress in th

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30

Shuch, Brian, Kevin P. Asher, Clara Chen, Kelly Lin, Gennady Bratslavsky, W. Marston Linehan, and Ramaprasad Srinivasan. "Clinical evaluation of 2-(18F) fluoro-2 deoxy-D-glucose PET/ CT in hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2013): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.383.

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383 Background: 2-(18F) fluoro-2 deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET/CT is a useful tool in the staging of malignancies. In patients with kidney cancer, the role of FDG is limited in those with clear-cell histology and remains to be evaluated with other subtypes. Kidney cancer associated with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is characterized by a defect in the Krebs cycle rendering these tumors highly dependent on aerobic glycolysis (the ‘Warburg effect’) with high glucose uptake to fulfill their energy requirements; we hypothesized that FDG PET/CT may have excellent sensitivit

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La Rosa, Federica, Letizia Guiducci, Maria Angela Guzzardi, Andrea Cacciato Insilla, Silvia Burchielli, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, Ferruccio Bonino, Daniela Campani, and Patricia Iozzo. "Maternal High-Fat Feeding Affects the Liver and Thymus Metabolic Axis in the Offspring and Some Effects Are Attenuated by Maternal Diet Normalization in a Minipig Model." Metabolites 11, no. 12 (November 26, 2021): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11120800.

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Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) affects metabolic and immune development. We aimed to characterize the effects of maternal HFD, and the subsequent diet-normalization of the mothers during a second pregnancy, on the liver and thymus metabolism in their offspring, in minipigs. Offspring born to high-fat (HFD) and normal diet (ND) fed mothers were studied at week 1 and months 1, 6, 12 of life. Liver and thymus glucose uptake (GU) was measured with positron emission tomography during hyperinsulinemic-isoglycemia. Histological analyses were performed to quantify liver steatosis, inflammation, and hepa

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Omar, Asma, Lance Li Puma, Briana Risk, Aria Witt, Cheyanne Izon, Luke Whitcomb, Dorcas Kareng, Gerrit Bouma, Quinton Winger, and Adam Chicco. "Impact of Maternal Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake on Ovine Placental and Fetal Tissue Metabolism." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac061.082.

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Abstract Objectives Dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during pregnancy is often recommended to support optimal fetal brain development and cognitive function of the offspring. DHA supplementation also influences cardiometabolic risk parameters in adults, but its effect on fetal metabolism and subsequent risk is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of maternal DHA supplementation (MDS) on placental and fetal nutrient handling during pregnancy. Methods White-faced ewes were fed either a control diet (Show-rite NewCo

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33

Boyle, D. W., S. Lecklitner, and E. A. Liechty. "Effect of prolonged uterine blood flow reduction on fetal growth in sheep." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 270, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): R246—R253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1996.270.1.r246.

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The purpose of the present investigation was to study the effect of 7 days of uterine blood flow reduction on fetal growth. Reduction in uterine blood flow was accomplished by external occlusion of the terminal aorta in 20 pregnant sheep. Linear growth was monitored daily by means of a crown-rump length measuring device. The deliveries of oxygen, glucose, and lactate to the fetus, as well as their uptakes by the fetus, were determined before and after 7 days of uterine blood flow reduction and correlated with rates of fetal growth. Identical studies were conducted in nine control animals. Uter

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Molina, R. D., G. Meschia, and R. B. Wilkening. "Uterine Blood Flow, Oxygen and Glucose Uptakes at Mid-Gestation in the Sheep." Experimental Biology and Medicine 195, no. 3 (December 1, 1990): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/00379727-195-43158aa.

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Barry, T. N., and T. R. Manley. "Glucose and protein metabolism during late pregnancy in triplet-bearing ewes given fresh forages ad lib." British Journal of Nutrition 54, no. 2 (September 1985): 521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850137.

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1. Ewes of the Booroola x Romney genotype carrying triplet lambs were given fresh forages ad lib. in late pregnancy. In Expt 1, groups of three ewes were given kale (Brassica oleracea), perennial ryegrass (Loliumperenne) or perennial ryegrass (0.75)–barley (0.25). In Expt 2, groups of two or three ewes were given fresh perennial ryegrass and infused into the abomasum with iso-energetic quantities of casein and glucose in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Post-lambing ewe live weights were 40–50 kg. Glucose irreversible loss (GIL) was determined from dilution of D-[U-14C]glucose.2. For ewes given

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36

Anthony, Russell V., Amelia R. Tanner, Cameron S. Lynch, Victoria C. Kennedy, Paul J. Rozance, and Quinton A. Winger. "264 Using in vivo RNA Interference to Investigate Ruminant Placental Function." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.243.

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Abstract Pregnant sheep have been used extensively for investigating pregnancy physiology, providing valuable information about the progression of ruminant pregnancy. The ability to place indwelling catheters, within both maternal and fetal vessels, allows for steady-state investigation of blood flow, nutrient uptakes and utilization, and hormone secretion, under non-stressed and non-anesthetized conditions. As such, our understanding of the in vivo physiology of pregnancy in sheep is unrivalled by any other species. However, until recently, a significant deficit existed in determining the spe

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Tanner, Amelia R., Cameron S. Lynch, Asghar Ali, Quinton A. Winger, Paul J. Rozance, and Russell V. Anthony. "IMPACT OF CHORIONIC SOMATOMAMMOTROPIN RNA INTERFERENCE ON UTERINE BLOOD FLOW AND PLACENTAL GLUCOSE UPTAKE IN THE ABSENCE OF INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, November 4, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00223.2020.

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Chorionic Somatomammotropin (CSH) is one of the most abundantly produced placental hormones, yet its exact function remains elusive. Near-term (135 dGA), CSH RNA interference (RNAi) results in two distinct phenotypes: 1) pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and 2) pregnancies with normal fetal and placental weights. Here we report the physiological changes in CSH RNAi pregnancies without IUGR. The trophectoderm of hatched blastocysts (9 dGA) were infected with lentiviral-constructs expressing either a scrambled control (Control RNAi) or CSH-specific shRNA (CSH RNAi), prior

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Long, Yun, Yi-cheng Wang, Dong-zhi Yuan, Xin-hua Dai, Lin-chuan Liao, Xue-qin Zhang, Li-xue Zhang, et al. "GLUT4 in Mouse Endometrial Epithelium: Roles in Embryonic Development and Implantation." Frontiers in Physiology 12 (June 25, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.674924.

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GLUT4 is involved in rapid glucose uptake among various kinds of cells to contribute to glucose homeostasis. Prior data have reported that aberrant glucose metabolism by GLUT4 dysfunction in the uterus could be responsible for infertility and increased miscarriage. However, the expression and precise functions of GLUT4 in the endometrium under physiological conditions remain unknown or controversial. In this study, we observed that GLUT4 exhibits a spatiotemporal expression in mouse uterus on pregnant days 1–4; its expression especially increased on pregnant day 4 during the window of implanta

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Holmlund, Hayden, Álvaro Marín-Hernández, and Jennifer R. Chase. "Estradiol and progesterone affect enzymes but not glucose consumption in a mink uterine cell line (GMMe)." Bioscience Reports 40, no. 4 (April 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bsr20193512.

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Abstract Cells lining the uterus are responsible for storage and secretion of carbohydrates to support early embryonic development. Histotrophic secretions contain glycogen and glycolytic products such as lactate and pyruvate. Insufficient carbohydrate storage as glycogen has been correlated with infertility in women. While it is clear that changes in estrogen (17-β-estradiol (E2)) and progesterone (P4) in vivo affect the distribution of glucose in the uterine cells and secretions, the biochemical mechanism(s) by which they affect this crucial allocation is not well understood. Furthermore, in

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Neff, Alison M., Jie Yu, Robert N. Taylor, Indrani C. Bagchi, and Milan K. Bagchi. "Insulin Signaling Via Progesterone-Regulated Insulin Receptor Substrate 2 is Critical for Human Uterine Decidualization." Endocrinology 161, no. 1 (November 21, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endocr/bqz021.

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Abstract Decidualization, the process by which fibroblastic human endometrial stromal cells (HESC) differentiate into secretory decidual cells, is a critical event during the establishment of pregnancy. It is dependent on the steroid hormone progesterone acting through the nuclear progesterone receptor (PR). Previously, we identified insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) as a factor that is directly regulated by PR during decidualization. IRS2 is an adaptor protein that functionally links receptor tyrosine kinases, such as insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R),

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Theil, Peter Kappel, Chantal Farmer, and Takele Feyera. "Review: Physiology and nutrition of late gestating and transition sows." Journal of Animal Science 100, no. 6 (June 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac176.

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Abstract The physiology during late gestation and the transition period to lactation changes dramatically in the sow, especially during the latter period. Understanding the physiological processes and how they change dynamically as the sow approaches farrowing, nest building, giving birth to piglets, and producing colostrum is important because these processes greatly affect sow productivity. Glucose originating from assimilated starch accounts for the majority of dietary energy, and around farrowing, various organs and peripheral tissues compete for plasma glucose, which may become depleted.

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42

Tolwani, Angela, Magdalena Matusiak, Nam Bui, Erna Forgó, Sushama Varma, Lucia Baratto, Andrei Iagaru, Alexander J. Lazar, Matt van de Rijn, and Joanna Przybyl. "Prognostic relevance of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway activation in leiomyosarcoma." npj Genomic Medicine 6, no. 1 (May 3, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41525-021-00193-w.

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AbstractMetabolic reprogramming of tumor cells and the increase of glucose uptake is one of the hallmarks of cancer. In order to identify metabolic pathways activated in leiomyosarcoma (LMS), we analyzed transcriptomic profiles of distinct subtypes of LMS in several datasets. Primary, recurrent and metastatic tumors in the subtype 2 of LMS showed consistent enrichment of genes involved in hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). We demonstrated that glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2), the rate-limiting enzyme in HBP, is expressed on protein level in a subset of LMS and the exp

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Ma, Qiuyan, Jacob R. Beal, Arpita Bhurke, Athilakshmi Kannan, Jie Yu, Robert N. Taylor, Indrani C. Bagchi, and Milan K. Bagchi. "Extracellular vesicles secreted by human uterine stromal cells regulate decidualization, angiogenesis, and trophoblast differentiation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 38 (September 12, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2200252119.

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In humans, the uterus undergoes a dramatic transformation to form an endometrial stroma-derived secretory tissue, termed decidua, during early pregnancy. The decidua secretes various factors that act in an autocrine/paracrine manner to promote stromal differentiation, facilitate maternal angiogenesis, and influence trophoblast differentiation and development, which are critical for the formation of a functional placenta. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which decidual cells communicate with each other and with other cell types within the uterine milieu. We discovered that primary human

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Ji, Yun, Yuli Sun, Ning Liu, Hai Jia, Zhaolai Dai, Ying Yang, and Zhenlong Wu. "L-leucine supplementation reduces growth performance accompanied by changed profiles of plasma amino acids and expression of jejunal amino acid transporters in breast-fed intra-uterine growth-retarded piglets." British Journal of Nutrition, September 1, 2022, 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114522002823.

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Abstract Previously, we provided an evidence that L-leucine supplementation facilitates growth performance in suckling piglets with normal birth weight. However, it remains hitherto obscure weather breast-fed piglets displaying intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) show a similar effect in response to L-leucine provision. In this study, seven-day-old sow-reared IUGR piglets were orally administrated with L-leucine (0, 0.7 1.4, 2.1 g/kg BW) twice daily for two weeks. Increasing leucine levels hampered the growth performance of suckling IUGR piglets. The average daily gain of IUGR piglets was s

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Surov, Alexey, Stefan A. Schmidt, Vikas Prasad, Ambros J. Beer та Andreas Wienke. "FDG PET correlates weakly with HIF-1α expression in solid tumors: a meta-analysis". Acta Radiologica, 19 червня 2020, 028418512093237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185120932378.

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Background Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α plays a key role in hypoxic adaptation of tumor cells. Overexpression of HIF-1α is associated with tumor aggressiveness and worse prognosis in several malignancies. Presumably, expression of HIF-1a may be reflected by positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2 [fluorine-18] fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG PET). There are inconsistent data about relationships between FDG PET and HIF-1α. Purpose To provide evident data about associations between maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and HIF-1α expression in solid tumors. Material and Methods MEDLINE,

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Tanner, Amelia R., Victoria C. Kennedy, Cameron S. Lynch, Taylor K. Hord, Quinton A. Winger, Paul J. Rozance, and Russell V. Anthony. "In vivo investigation of ruminant placenta function and physiology—a review." Journal of Animal Science 100, no. 6 (June 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac045.

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Abstract The placenta facilitates the transport of nutrients to the fetus, removal of waste products from the fetus, immune protection of the fetus and functions as an endocrine organ, thereby determining the environment for fetal growth and development. Additionally, the placenta is a highly metabolic organ in itself, utilizing a majority of the oxygen and glucose derived from maternal circulation. Consequently, optimal placental function is required for the offspring to reach its genetic potential in utero. Among ruminants, pregnant sheep have been used extensively for investigating pregnanc

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