Tesis sobre el tema "Vicon system"

The aim of the thesis is a realization of advanced analysis of signals from gait laboratory. The introductory part deals with the gait cycle and its relation to the joints kinematic is discussed. Additionally, the work is focused on the description of the gait laboratory and the definition of the indexes in order to quantify patient´s overall gait in kinematic analysis. In the practical part, kinematic data analysis was implemented in the MATLAB environment and the results of healthy individuals and patients with cerebral palsy were compared. Kinematic analysis included peak detection in specific kinematic variables. In the last part a graphical user interface for visualization was implemented.

The life expectancy of the elderly population is expected to increase with 22 % by 2050. As one grows older, the body starts to deteriorate, which can lead to a higher risk for diseases and accidents. During recent years shoulder surgeries have increased dramatically, and to assess the shoulder function the most common technique is the use of camera-based motion capture systems. However, this is very time consuming and does not completely represent the real shoulder performance. Therefore, this study was aimed to validate a new technique, the force range monitor (FRM). Thirteen volunteers participated in this study, which was divided into two sessions. Session one included abduction and flexion strength measurements using the FRM, as well as six mobility measurements with the inertial measurement unit (IMU) of the FRM. The second session was conducted in the same manner, with the addition of the Vicon system (motion capture system). In this study a control session for FRM and the Vicon system was also performed for abduction and flexion movements with two participants, where the placement of the IMU was modified. As indicated by the results, FRM and the Vicon system do not measure the same parameters. Even if the FRM does not measure the same shoulder joint angles as the Vicon System, the FRM can still be of clinical importance when evaluating position deviation during strength and mobility measurements. Moreover, the FRM had a high repeatability for a number of participants, and most of the mobility measurements presented a distinct patterns for various activities. Hence, it can be concluded that the FRM is a potential technique to evaluate shoulder strength and mobility.

La mesure des variations de la conformation du crâne revêt un intérêt dans différents domaines cliniques. L’objectif de la thèse est d’évaluer les micromouvements du crâne à l’aide d’un outil non invasif.La mesure de la fréquence respiratoire issue des variations du volume thoracique à l’aide du système Vicon est comparée aux mesures de spiromètre et d’ECG. Les résultats montrent que le système Vicon permet d’enregistrer la fréquence respiratoire à partir de 12 marqueurs rétro-réfléchissants situés sur la paroi antéro-inférieure du thorax. Les données sont très fortement corrélées (r=1) et montrent une parfaite concordance avec les limites d'agrément = 8*10-4 Hz.Les changements de conformation du crâne mesurés avec le Vicon en utilisant la fréquence respiratoire contrôlée sont étudiés. Les micromouvements sont corrélés avec la mesure du volume sous pectoral (r=1). La mesure du pic de fréquence respiratoire au niveau du crâne concorde avec la mesure du volume sous pectoral pour TLAD-TLAG, on obtient un biais = -2,5*10-4 Hz et pour l’AngleLat= -4,5*10-4 Hz.Les paramètres crâniens sont comparés et hiérarchisés dans le but d’identifier une variable représentative du phénomène. Une analyse en composante principale permet d’identifier l’AngleLat comme coefficient associé à la composante représentative de 61 % de la variance explicative.Enfin, Les paramètres ont fait l’objet d’une analyse dans le domaine fréquentiel à travers le concept de cohérence puis dans le domaine temporel à travers la méthode des corrélations croisées. Il y a une bonne corrélation des variations d’angles droit et gauche. La durée des acquisitions a un impact sur la variation du délai et peu sur la corrélation. Le paramètre le moins corrélé aux autres est la variation du volume thoracique. L’analyse de la cohérence confirme ces résultats.Les résultats montrent que l’analyse les micromouvements du crâne est possible de manière non invasive, de faire évoluer le modèle pédagogique ostéopathique, d’évaluer en routine clinique les modifications de pression intracrânienne
Variations assesment in skull’conformation is of interest in various clinical fields. The main prupose of the thesis is to estimate skull’s micromovements using a non-invasive tool.Respiratory rate assesement by monitoring lower chest volume’s variations using the Vicon optoelectronic system is compared to spirometer and ECG monitoring. The results show that the Vicon system records accuratly the respiratory rate signal from 12 retro-reflective markers located on the anteroinferior wall of the thorax. The data are very strongly correlated (r=1) and show a perfect agreement with a limits of agreement = 8*10-4 Hz.Skull conformation changes assesed by Vicon system using controlled respiratory rate are investigated. Micro-movements are correlated with the measurement of the sub-pectoral volume (r = 1). The measurement of the peak respiratory rate at the level of the skull agrees with the measurement of the sub-pectoral volume for TLAD-TLAG obtained a bias = -2.5*10-4 Hz and for the AngleLat= -4.5*10- 4 Hz.The cranial parameters are compared and ranked in order to identify a variable representative of the phenomenon. A principal component analysis predicts AngleLat as the coefficient associated with the principal component representative of 61% of the explanatory variance.Finally, the parameters were analyzed in the frequency domain through the concept of coherence and then in the time domain through cross-correlations method. There is a good correlation between right and left angle variations. The duration of acquisitions has an impact on the variation of the delay and little on the correlation coefficient. The parameter the least correlated with the others is the variation of the thoracic volume. The coherence analysis confirms these results.The results of this work show that it is possible to analyze the micromovements of the skull in a non-invasive way, to develop the osteopathic educational model, to evaluate changes in intracranial pressure in routine clinical practice

Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to improve the measurement of postural dynamism in the sitting position using a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis system. The primary objective was to describe pilot data for postural dynamism of the cervical and thoracic spines while working at a desktop computer. The secondary objective was to refine the process of posture measurement and analysis by decreasing data processing time. Certain factors in 3D motion analysis can lead to an increase in gaps in data collected during trial capture, which in turn will lead to a longer time of data processing. In the first phase of this study, a number of such factors were identified and altered. A series of pilot studies was performed to test the improvement of data processing time when altering these factors. In the first two pilot studies, camera and tripod positionings were explored and refined, workstation layout and anatomical landmark marker placement were investigated, and optimal capture frequency was established. In both these pilot studies, outcomes were established by means of trial and error by experimenting with a variety of different options for the different outcomes. In the third pilot study, computer software which provides computer tasks for the participant during primary trial capture was tested. Two independent computer users performed all the activities as per software, after which they were required to give oral feedback and suggestions on improvement in terms of user friendliness. The objective of the fourth and final pilot study was to include all of the outcomes from the preceeding pilot studies and attempt a trial run of the actual data collection process. A study participant with no affiliation to the research project was used and a complete trial run was performed after which the measurement process was deemed feasible. In the primary study, 18 student volunteers completed a sequence of computer tasks, including keyboard, mouse and reading activities. Prior to data capture, full range of motion of the thoracic and cervical spines were measured in three dimensions for every participant. Data capture took place for the full duration of performance of all computer activities. Outcome parameters for postural dynamism included true range of motion (degrees), proportional range of motion (percentage) and motion frequency (movement per minute) in all three planes of motion of the cervical and thoracic spines. Typing tasks were associated with biggest movement ranges and motion frequencies. Mouse activity was associated with the most stationary posture, exhibiting the least frequent movement as well as the smallest ranges of motion. The results from this study allow us to better understand the dynamic nature of posture, as well as postural dynamism associated with different computer tasks. This study provides a baseline for future research of 3D motion analysis of the sitting posture. It also marks the need for further research regarding ergonomics, use and potential alternatives in the computer workstation and input devices.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het ten doel gehad om die meting van posturale dinamisme in die sitposisie te verbeter deur middel van „n drie-dimensionele (3D) bewegingsanalisesisteem. Die primêre doelwit was om loodsdata te beskryf vir posturale dinamisme van die servikale en torakale werwelkolomme terwyl op „n rekenaar gewerk word. Die sekondêre doelwit was om die proses van postuurmeting en analise te verfyn deur die dataprosesseringstyd te verminder. Sekere faktore van 3D bewegingsanalise kan „n vermeerdering van gapings in ingesamelde data tot gevolg hê, wat weer kan lei na „n verlengde tydperiode van dataprosessering. In die eerste fase van hierdie studie is sulke faktore identifiseer en aangepas. „n Reeks loodsstudies is uitgevoer om die verbetering van dataprosesseringstyd te toets namate aanpassings aan hierdie faktore gemaak is. Tydens die eerste twee loodsstudies is verskillende kamera en driepoot posisionering ondersoek en verfyn, werkstasie uitleg en anatomiese baken merker plasing is ondersoek en die optimale dataversamelingsfrekwensie is vasgestel. In beide hierdie loodsstudies is die uitkomste vasgestel op grond van toets- en fouteer deur te eksperimenteer met „n verskeidenheid opsies soos van toepassing op die betrokke uitkomste. Tydens die derde loodsstudie is rekenaarsagteware getoets wat die rekenaaraktiwiteit vir die studiedeelnemers verskaf het tydens primêre data-insameling. Twee onafhanklike persone het al die aktiwiteite volgens die sagteware voltooi en het verbale terugvoer en aanbevelings gegee oor hoe om die program te verbeter. Die vierdie en finale loodsstudie het gepoog om al die uitkomste van die eerste drie loodsstudies in te sluit en „n toetsmeting te doen van die ware dataversamelingsproses. „n Onafhanklike studiedeelnemer met geen affiliasie tot die navorsingsprojek nie het „n toetslopie van die hele versamelingsproses gedoen en die metingsproses is haalbaar verklaar. Tydens die primêre studie het 18 student-vrywilligers „n reeks rekenaartake gedoen (insluitend sleutelbord en muisaktiwiteite sowel as „n leesopdrag). Voor die aanvang van dataversameling is die volle bewegingsomvange van die torakale en servikale werwelkolomme van elke deelnemer gemeet. Dataversameling is vir die volle durasie van die uitvoer van rekenaaraktiwiteite gedoen. Uitkomsparameters vir posturale dinamisme het die volgende ingesluit: Omvang van beweging (grade), proporsionele omvang van beweging (persentasie) en bewegingsfrekwensie (bewegings per minuut) in al drie bewegingsvlakke van die servikale en torakale werwelkolomme. Sleutelbord-aktiwiteite is geässosieer met die grootste bewegingsomvange en die meeste bewegingsfrekwensie. Muisaktiwiteit is geässosieer met die mees stasionêre postuur en het die heel minste gereelde beweging getoon in die algemeen. Die resultate van hierdie studie help om die dinamise natuur van postuur beter te verstaan, sowel as posturale dinamisme wat met verskillende rekenaartake verbind word. Die studie bied „n basislyn vir die toekomstige navorsings wat posturale dinamisme met verskillende rekenaartake meet. Dit merk ook die behoefte aan verdere navorsing aangaande ergonomika, gebruik en alternatiewe tot rekenaarwerkstasie en –toerusting.

KISS (Kinematic Support System) is a locally developed gait analysis system at Middle East Technical University (METU), and the performance of the system was evaluated before as a whole. However, such evaluations do not differentiate between the efficacy of the data acquisition system and the model-based gait analysis methodology. In this thesis, kinematic results of the KISS system will be compared with those of the Ankara University based commercial VICON (Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK) system, in view of evaluating the performance of data acquisition system and the gait analysis methodology separately. This study is expected to provide guidelines for future developments on the KISS system.

Le vison (mustela vison) est un mammifere a reproduction saisonniere dont l'axe hypothalamo-hypophysaire est stimule par la diminution des jours a partir du solstice d'ete. Nous avons entrepris, l'etude immunocytochimique du systeme a gnrh et la secretion des hormones gonadotropes par ria. Des coupes frontales seriees observees depuis les tubercules olfactifs jusqu'a la tige hypophysaire ont permis la localisation et le denombrement des neurones immunoreactifs au gnrh. Dans la premiere partie realisee chez la femelle, nous avons localise les neurones a gnrh dans les tubercules olfactifs, les bandes diagonales de broca, le septum, l'aire preoptique et hypothalamique anterieure et principalement dans l'hypothalamus mediobasal. Le nombre total de neurones varie au cours de l'annee avec un minimum en juillet et un maximum en decembre. Dans une deuxieme partie, sous l'action des jours courts ou de la melatonine, le nombre de neurones immunoreactifs de l'aire preoptique et de l'hypothalamus mediobasal, les concentrations seriques de fsh augmentent. Aucun effet n'est observe sur les concentrations seriques de lh. Dans la derniere partie, chez le male castre, la melatonine induit une augmentation de la secretion de fsh. En conclusion, l'axe hypothalamo-hypophysaire est plus sensible au retrocontrole de la testosterone en jours longs qu'en jours courts

In this thesis, conventional and unconventional technologies have been studied and combined in order to make heterogeneous microfluidics with potential advantages, especially in biological applications. Many conventional materials, like silicon, glass, thermoplastic polymers, polyimide and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) have been combined in building heterogeneous microfluidic devices or demonstrators. Aside from these materials, unconventional materials for microfluidics such as stainless steel and the fluoroelastomer Viton have been explored. The advantages of the heterogeneous technologies presented were demonstrated in several examples: (1) For instance, in cell biology, surface properties play an important role. Different functions were achieved by combining microengineering and surface modification. Two examples were made by depositing a Teflon-like film: a) a non-textured surface was made hydrophobic to allow higher pressures for cell migration studies and b) a surface textured by ion track technology was even made super-hydrophobic. (2) In microfluidics, microactuators used for fluid handling are important, e.g. in valves and pumps. Here, microactuators that can handle high-pressures were presented, which may allow miniaturization of high performance bioanalyses that until now have been restricted to larger instruments. (3) In some applications the elastomer PDMS cannot be used due to its high permeability and poor solvent resistivity. Viton can be a good replacement when elasticity is needed, like in the demonstrated paraffin actuated membrane.(4) Sensing of bio-molecules in aquatic solutions has potential in diagnostics on-site. A proof-of-principle demonstration of a potentially highly sensitive biosensor was made by integrating a robust solidly mounted resonator in a PDMS based microfluidic system. It is concluded that heterogeneous technologies are important for microfluidic systems like micro total analysis systems (µTAS) and lab-on-chip (LOC) devices.

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) uses quantum tunneling effect to study the surfaces of materials on an atomic scale. Since the probe of the microscope is on the order of nanometers away from the surface, the device is prone to noises due to vibrations from the surroundings. To minimize the random noises and floor vibrations, passive vibration isolation is a commonly used technique due to its low cost and simpler design compared to active vibration isolation, especially when the entire vibration isolation system (VIS) stays inside an Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) environment. This research aims to analyze and build a single-stage passive VIS for an STM. The VIS consists of a mass-spring system staying inside an aluminum hollow tube. The mass-spring system is comprised of a circular copper stage suspended by a combination of six extension springs, and the STM stays on top of the copper stage. Magnetic damping with neodymium magnets, which induces eddy currents in the copper conductor, is the primary damping method to reduce the vibrations transferred to the mass-spring system. FEMM and MATLAB® are used to model magnetic flux density and damping coefficients from eddy current effect, which will help determine the necessary damping ratios for the VIS. Viton, which demonstrates a high compatibility with vacuum environments, will also serve as a great damping material between joints and contacts for the housing tube. Viton will be modeled as a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic material whose material parameters are previous studied, and Abaqus will be used as a Finite Element Analysis software to study the Viton gaskets’ natural frequencies. The natural frequencies of the aluminum hollow tube will also be investigated through Abaqus.

High performance multifunctional epoxy resin systems are becoming increasingly important as matrix materials for the advanced composites used in aerospace, electronics, automotive and other industries. In a composite based on epoxy resin systems, a three-dimensional network of the matrix is formed around the reinforcing fibre as a result of the chemical reaction between the resin and the curing agent. This chemical process, known as curing, is an important event to he considered in the production of composite components made up of these resin systems. Two process parameters namely viscosity and chemical conversion are of paramount significance in the production of composite materials Curing studies of the resin systems based on these two parameters, would therefore assume great importance in deciding the performance reliability of the end product. The objectives of the present investigation are 1. to study the cure kinetics of three thermoset resin systems, viz., i) epoxy novolac (EPIT)/ diamino diphenyl methane{DDM), ii) trigylcidyl para- ammo phenol (TGPAP)/toluene diamine (TDA) and iii) tetraglycidyl diamino diphenyl methane (TGDDM)/pyridine diamine(PDA) using the cure kinetic models based on chemical conversion (α), Theological conversion (β) and viscosity. 2.to develop a correlation between a and viscosity (η) and modify an existing autocatalytic model based on α, to the viscosity domain and 3.to investigate the cure behaviour of these systems in terms of the TTT cure diagram and its associated models. EPN/DDM, TGPAP/PDA and TGDDM/PDA resin systems were chosen for the studies to represent a range of functionalities, The cure was monitored using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) techniques by following the changes in enthalpy, functional groups and rheology, respectively. The kinetic parameters namely, order of reaction and activation energy were estimated from dynamic DSC data using the methods of Freeman-Carroll and Ellerstein using nth rate expression. Barton, Kissinger and Osawa methods were employed to find out the activation energy from the peak/equal conversion at different heating rates. Isothermal DSC data were also analyzed using nth order model and it was observed that the data could be fitted satisfactorily only for higher temperatures The results obtained from the analysis of both dynamic and isothermal DSC data using nth order model clearly indicate that this model is inadequate for describing the cure behavior. The isothermal DSC data was analyzed by the autocatalytic models of Hone and Kamal Good correlation was observed with Hum and Kamal models up to 60-70%, 25% and 45% conversions for EPN/DDM, TGPAP/TDA and TCDDM/PDA systems respectively. However, the parameters m and n in Kamal model were found to be temperature dependent for EPN/DDM and TCPAP/TDA systems. The limited applicability of the autocatalytic models IK attributed to the counter-effect offered by the intra-molecular bonding taking place. The primary amine and epoxy groups conversions obtained from FTIR were analyzed using autocatalytic model and the kinetic parameters were calculated. The reactivity ratio of the primary amine and the secondary amine with epoxy was found to be dependent on temperature in agreement with the recent findings reported m the literature. The existing models that relate the cure kinetics and the rheological changes, are dual Arrhenius nth order model and autocatalytic model The nth order kinetic model was used to evaluate the kinetic parameters using the viscosity data at different cure temperatures under isothermal conditions As the storage modulus, G' is proportional to the chemical cross links and becomes significant only after the g<4 point, it was used to follow the changes in conversion known as rheoconversion after the gel point The rheoconversion was found by normalizing the G' data with G1^, the storage modulus of the fully cured resin It was used to study the cuie kinetics using an autocatalytic model The kinetic parameters such as rate constant, acceptation and retardation parameters were evaluated and that temperature dependence was established. While the existing models relate viscosity and conversion only up to gel point the new proposed model, termed VISCON model takes into account the changes up to vitrification. The relation so developed is used to modify the autocatalytic cure model based on chemical conversion. The parameters appearing in this model were evaluated using Levenberg-Marquardt error minimization algorithm. The kinetic parameters obtained are comparable with the values estimated using the DSC data. All the models cited above represent the microkinetic aspects. The models based on the information of TTT cure diagrams, however, represent the macrokinetic aspects of the cure, as they are based on the cure stages such as gelation and vitrification TTT diagram relates the cure characteristics like cure temperature, cure time, Ta and, indirectly, chemical conversion Hence the ultimate properties of the composite could he predicted and established with the help of the models based on TTT cure diagrams The changes in the storage modulus, G1 and loss modulus, G", were followed to identify the gel and vitrification points of the resin systems at different cure temperatures Gel point and vitrification point were used to generate gelation and vitrification hues in the construction of TTT cure diagrams for EPN/DDM, TGPAP/TDA and TGDDM/PDA resin systems Theoretical TTT diagrams were generated and IBO-T, contours were established using the TTT diagram-based models The cure schedule for the resin systems investigated could be determined from the TTT diagram and the respective rheological data.

L'aboutissement des techniques d'analyse développées dans le cadre de la vision par ordinateur a favorisé l'avènement de la norme mpeg-4, conséquence d'un intérêt grandissant sur les technologies multimédia et de réalité virtuelle, comme l'animation de clones 3D de visage. En asseyant l'acuité visuelle des systèmes intelligents sur les bases de la géométrie projective, l'ingénierie de la vision a pu décrire avec succès les phénomènes de la création d'images et les propriétés communes à plusieurs projections (images) d'une même scène tridimensionnelle. Les deux premiers chapitres dressent un large aperçu des problèmes classiques de vision tridimensionnelle. La détermination de la géométrie et du mouvement 3D d'un solide en mouvement à partir d'une séquence d'images acquise par une seule camera fixe non-calibrée est un problème dual non encore adressé dans la littérature. L'originalité de ce travail consiste en l'établissement d'une méthode de reconstruction tridimensionnelle fondée sur le principe d'analyse-synthèse. Le processus d'analyse se décline en trois étapes successives de segmentation, d'appariement et de classification : une famille de descripteurs invariants algébriques projectifs permet d'interpréter la nature du mouvement tridimensionnel des points précédemment appariés sur les images par un algorithme de Block-Matching. La synthèse tridimensionnelle est alors réalisée par l'action conjointe de deux algorithmes de reconstruction fondés sur l'hypothèse de mouvement et ayant des fonctionnements duaux d'estimation et de calcul des attributs tridimensionnels de l'ensemble de points ainsi décrits. Ces approches constituent une réelle boite à outils que nous avons mis en pratique dans un schéma de codage compatible MPEG-4 dédié au clonage 3D de visages humains. Dans la pratique, les limites de la précision numérique de ces derniers ne nous ont pas permis de reconstruire la structure tridimensionnelle des objets à partir des images réelles. Cependant, la mise en œuvre de ces outils sur des séquences synthétiques laisse présager de nombreuses et fructueuses perspectives. A défaut de présenter une méthode performante, cette thèse indique de manière précise quels sont les efforts à mener pour réaliser une analyse/synthèse robuste de scène 3D.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
101
This thesis presents a SOPC-based servo motion control technique for the robot manipulator system. The system adopts MATLAB to perform image processing functions, such as the transformation of the color space, morphological operation, data classification of the object, the shape recognition and endpoint detection. For the servo motion control of the robotic system, it consists of two controller modules. The first one control module is consisted of quadrature encoder pulse circuits, limit switches detection, generation of pulse width modulation ,and point-to- point motion trajectory generator. Then, control signals are sent via FPGA to drive circuits for controlling each motor. The other module which includes a user interface and calculation of inverse kinematics, which is implemented via the NIOS II. Finally, user can send commands via PC to perforem the shape recognition, data classification of the object’s color, and play tic-tac-toe games on the basis of image processing. The experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness and validity of the proposed FPGA system applied on the servo motion control of the robot manipulator system.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
107
This research proposes a software system architecture suitable for amplification and growth for the fully autonomous robot arm object operating system. The autonomous intelligent object operating system needs to integrate with various intelligent vision systems for identifying and locating the object, and controlling the movement of the robot arm. However, the existing intelligent vision systems are numerous, and each has its scope of application. Moreover, more new visual algorithms and robot object operation modules are being continuously developed. A practical robot arm operating software system must be able to update and add new technical modules. Therefore, for this issue, this research designed a scalable and adapt-for-growth software system architecture. By preplanning the specified working directories and the specified specifications of subprogram, the user can easily replace the recognition codes without rewriting the main program. This research combines the robot arm control with a variety of 2D/3D vision systems to develop a smart robotic fully-automatic object operating system that can perform object recognition and 6D pose estimation of object in cluttered scenes by a 3D camera, control the robot arm to move to the preset grabbing point of the object, use the 2D camera at the end of the arm to manipulate the visual servo control based on the landmark on the object, and finally move the robot arm to the precise grabbing point and grab the object. The system also registers the applicable environment and reliability of different intelligent vision modules for each of the object in data set, and increases the robustness of the robot arm system in response to environmental variation. This research also examines the capabilities of the system through multiple experiments and carefully explores future directions for improvement.

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil
O setor da construção é um dos setores mais ineficientes da indústria, no que diz respeito às transições das fases do processo produtivo e à troca de informação entre todos os intervenientes na produção. Estas dificuldades de processo originam perdas de tempo e a acumulação contínua de erros. Numa indústria onde a competitividade apresenta exigências crescentes e se exigem níveis de produtividade e eficiência altos, estas limitações não podem ser toleradas. Com o intuito de aumentar a produtividade e a eficiência nas várias áreas da indústria, foram sendo desenvolvidos ao longo dos anos, métodos inovadores capazes de responder às necessidades de competitividade e, melhorar todo o processo de desenvolvimento de um projeto. Destacam-se nestes métodos, os sistemas de informação, tecnologia capaz de processar e difundir informação de forma correta e eficaz. Um dos sistemas de informação que tem vindo a revolucionar a indústria da construção, é o Building Information Modelling/Model (BIM). Tendo por base a modelação de um projeto 3D, o BIM possibilita que os intervenientes de um projeto tenham acesso à informação produzida em todas as fases, assim como o armazenamento dessa informação para contínuas atualizações durante todo o ciclo de vida do projeto. Com a padronização de toda a comunicação, através da partilha e da integração eficaz da informação, será possível guiar a indústria da construção a um novo rumo. Consequentemente, os objetivos desta dissertação passam por descrever e analisar a aplicabilidade da metodologia BIM na gestão da construção, em função de todas as suas potencialidades, recorrendo a um levantamento teórico sobre o tema. A dissertação incidiu-se na realização de um caso prático, centrando-se na consolidação das potencialidades caracterizadas anteriormente, e na avaliação da interoperacionalidade entre os sistemas BIM. O software utilizado foi predominantemente o Vico Software, que permite averiguar de uma forma mais real, a otimização de processos e controlo, vocacionado para a gestão da construção. Esta dissertação temina com um inquérito realizado a várias empresas da indústria da construção, que permitiu analisar a realidade da implementação do BIM em Portugal, bem como os principais benefícios na utilização desta tecnologia. Foram também analisados os entraves à sua implementação, apresentados pelas empresas que não utilizam este sistema de informação.
The construction sector is one of the most inefficient in terms of the transitions between phases in the productive process and the exchange of information between all the stakeholders in a project production. These process’ difficulties generates significant amounts of unproductive time and a continuous accumulation of errors. In an industry where the competitiveness is in a constant growth rate, which consequently demands high levels of productivity and efficiency, these limitations can no longer be tolerated. With the purpose of increase the productivity and efficiency in several areas of the industry, throughout the years have been developed innovative methods to meet the competitiveness’ requirements and improve the project development process as a whole, such as information systems, which is a technology that is capable of processing and spreading information accurately and effectively. One of those information systems that have been revolutionizing the construction industry is the Building Information Modeling/Model (BIM). Based on a 3D design, BIM makes it possible to stakeholders of a project to have access to the information produced in every stage, as well as the storage of this information for continuous updates throughout the lifecycle of the project. With the standardization of the communication structure, through efficient integration and sharing of information, the construction industry can be guided in a new direction. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation involves describing and analyzing the applicability of the BIM Methodology in construction management, due to their full potential, using a theoretical investigation on the subject. The dissertation will focus then on the realization of a practical case, which will focus on consolidating the capabilities previously mentioned, and the assessment of the interoperability between BIM systems. The software used was mainly Vico Software, which allows a more realistic evaluation, the optimization of processes and controls, designed for construction management. This dissertation concludes with a brief questionnaire sent to several companies of the construction industry, whose results delivered a comprehensive analysis of the state of the Implementation of BIM in Portugal, as well as the main benefits of using this technology. It was also provided information about the obstacles to the implementation by the companies that do not use this information system.