Artículos de revistas: "Vicon system"

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Yan, Lingyun, Guowu Wei, Zheqi Hu, Haohua Xiu, Yuyang Wei y Lei Ren. "Low-Cost Multisensor Integrated System for Online Walking Gait Detection". Journal of Sensors 2021 (14 de agosto de 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6378514.

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A three-dimensional motion capture system is a useful tool for analysing gait patterns during walking or exercising, and it is frequently applied in biomechanical studies. However, most of them are expensive. This study designs a low-cost gait detection system with high accuracy and reliability that is an alternative method/equipment in the gait detection field to the most widely used commercial system, the virtual user concept (Vicon) system. The proposed system integrates mass-produced low-cost sensors/chips in a compact size to collect kinematic data. Furthermore, an x86 mini personal computer (PC) running at 100 Hz classifies motion data in real-time. To guarantee gait detection accuracy, the embedded gait detection algorithm adopts a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model and a rule-based calibration filter to classify kinematic data into five distinct gait events: heel-strike, foot-flat, heel-off, toe-off, and initial-swing. To evaluate performance, volunteers are requested to walk on the treadmill at a regular walking speed of 4.2 km/h while kinematic data are recorded by a low-cost system and a Vicon system simultaneously. The gait detection accuracy and relative time error are estimated by comparing the classified gait events in the study with the Vicon system as a reference. The results show that the proposed system obtains a high accuracy of 99.66% with a smaller time error (32 ms), demonstrating that it performs similarly to the Vicon system in the gait detection field.

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RAMBELY, A. S. y FAZROLROZI. "A SIX-LINK KINEMATIC CHAIN MODEL OF HUMAN BODY USING KANE'S METHOD". International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 09 (enero de 2012): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512005107.

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A biomechanics model of six-link kinematic chain of human body is developed by using Kane's method. The kinematic data comprise of six segments; foot, calf, thigh, trunk, upper arm and forearm, are obtained through data collection of walking, running and jumping using the Vicon Nexus system. The motion capture system uses 12 Vicon MX-3+ cameras and 12 Vicon MX-F40 cameras, two DV (50 Hz) cameras and a force plate (100 Hz). Inverse dynamics approach is used to obtain the unknown value of torques produced by joint segments during walking, running and jumping activities. The results show that the largest value of torques produced occurs at the foot segment.

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Merriaux, Pierre, Yohan Dupuis, Rémi Boutteau, Pascal Vasseur y Xavier Savatier. "A Study of Vicon System Positioning Performance". Sensors 17, n.º 7 (7 de julio de 2017): 1591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s17071591.

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Gray, Aaron D., Brad W. Willis, Marjorie Skubic, Zhiyu Huo, Swithin Razu, Seth L. Sherman, Trent M. Guess et al. "Development and Validation of a Portable and Inexpensive Tool to Measure the Drop Vertical Jump Using the Microsoft Kinect V2". Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 9, n.º 6 (28 de agosto de 2017): 537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738117726323.

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Background: Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in adolescent female athletes is an increasing problem. The knee-ankle separation ratio (KASR), calculated at initial contact (IC) and peak flexion (PF) during the drop vertical jump (DVJ), is a measure of dynamic knee valgus. The Microsoft Kinect V2 has shown promise as a reliable and valid marker-less motion capture device. Hypothesis: The Kinect V2 will demonstrate good to excellent correlation between KASR results at IC and PF during the DVJ, as compared with a “gold standard” Vicon motion analysis system. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Level of Evidence: Level 2. Methods: Thirty-eight healthy volunteer subjects (20 male, 18 female) performed 5 DVJ trials, simultaneously measured by a Vicon MX-T40S system, 2 AMTI force platforms, and a Kinect V2 with customized software. A total of 190 jumps were completed. The KASR was calculated at IC and PF during the DVJ. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) assessed the degree of KASR agreement between the Kinect and Vicon systems. Results: The ICCs of the Kinect V2 and Vicon KASR at IC and PF were 0.84 and 0.95, respectively, showing excellent agreement between the 2 measures. The Kinect V2 successfully identified the KASR at PF and IC frames in 182 of 190 trials, demonstrating 95.8% reliability. Conclusion: The Kinect V2 demonstrated excellent ICC of the KASR at IC and PF during the DVJ when compared with the Vicon system. A customized Kinect V2 software program demonstrated good reliability in identifying the KASR at IC and PF during the DVJ. Clinical Relevance: Reliable, valid, inexpensive, and efficient screening tools may improve the accessibility of motion analysis assessment of adolescent female athletes.

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Ma, Christina Zong-Hao, Yan To Ling, Queenie Tsung Kwan Shea, Li-Ke Wang, Xiao-Yun Wang y Yong-Ping Zheng. "Towards Wearable Comprehensive Capture and Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Activity during Human Locomotion". Sensors 19, n.º 1 (7 de enero de 2019): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010195.

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Background: Motion capture and analyzing systems are essential for understanding locomotion. However, the existing devices are too cumbersome and can be used indoors only. A newly-developed wearable motion capture and measurement system with multiple sensors and ultrasound imaging was introduced in this study. Methods: In ten healthy participants, the changes in muscle area and activity of gastrocnemius, plantarflexion and dorsiflexion of right leg during walking were evaluated by the developed system and the Vicon system. The existence of significant changes in a gait cycle, comparison of the ankle kinetic data captured by the developed system and the Vicon system, and test-retest reliability (evaluated by the intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC) in each channel’s data captured by the developed system were examined. Results: Moderate to good test-retest reliability of various channels of the developed system (0.512 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.988, p < 0.05), significantly high correlation between the developed system and Vicon system in ankle joint angles (0.638R ≤ 0.707, p < 0.05), and significant changes in muscle activity of gastrocnemius during a gait cycle (p < 0.05) were found. Conclusion: A newly developed wearable motion capture and measurement system with ultrasound imaging that can accurately capture the motion of one leg was evaluated in this study, which paves the way towards real-time comprehensive evaluation of muscles and joint motions during different activities in both indoor and outdoor environments.

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Dorociak, R. D. y T. J. Cuddeford. "Determining 3-D system accuracy for the VICON 370 system". Gait & Posture 3, n.º 2 (junio de 1995): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0966-6362(95)93468-r.

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Wheare, Matilda Jane, Maximillian J. Nelson, Ryan Lumsden, Alec Buttfield y Robert George Crowther. "Reliability and Validity of the Polhemus Liberty System for Upper Body Segment and Joint Angular Kinematics of Elite Golfers". Sensors 21, n.º 13 (24 de junio de 2021): 4330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134330.

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Golf swing analysis is common in both recreational and professional levels where players are searching for improvements in shot accuracy and distance. The use of motion analysis systems such as the portable Polhemus Liberty system is gaining interest by coaches and players; however, to date, no research has examined the usefulness of the Polhemus Liberty system for golf swing analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of the Polhemus Liberty system and validity compared to the VICON Nexus motion analysis system when assessing segment (pelvis and thorax) and joint (shoulder, elbow and wrist) angular kinematics during a golf swing at key events (address, top of backswing and impact). Fifteen elite amateur/professional golfers performed ten golf swing trials within specified bounds using their 5-iron club. Reliability was assessed using interclass coefficient, effect size and t-test statistics by all participants completing two separate testing sessions on separate days following the same experimental protocol. Validity was assessed using effect size, Pearson correlation and t-test statistics by comparing swings captured using both Polhemus Liberty and VICON Nexus concurrently. Results demonstrated no difference in ball outcome results using the Trackman launch monitor (P > 0.05) and that the Polhemus Liberty system was reliable across the two sessions for all segment (pelvis and thorax) and joint (lead shoulder (gleno-humeral joint), elbow and wrist) angular kinematics (P > 0.05). Validity analysis showed that the Polhemus Liberty system for the segments (pelvis and thorax) and joints (lead shoulder and wrist) were different compared to the VICON Nexus data at key events during the golf swing. Although validity could not be confirmed against VICON Nexus modeling, the Polhemus Liberty system may still be useful for golf swing analysis across training sessions. However, caution should be applied when comparing data from the system to published research data using different motion analysis methods.

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van der Veen, Susanne, Martine Bordeleau, Peter Pidcoe, Christopher France y James Thomas. "Agreement Analysis between Vive and Vicon Systems to Monitor Lumbar Postural Changes". Sensors 19, n.º 17 (21 de agosto de 2019): 3632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19173632.

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Immersive virtual reality has recently developed into a readily available system that allows for full-body tracking. Can this affordable system be used for component tracking to advance or replace expensive kinematic systems for motion analysis in the clinic? The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of position and orientation measures from Vive wireless body trackers when compared to Vicon optoelectronic tracked markers attached to (1) a robot simulating trunk flexion and rotation by repeatedly moving to know locations, and (2) healthy adults playing virtual reality games necessitating significant trunk displacements. The comparison of both systems showed component tracking with Vive trackers is accurate within 0.68 ± 0.32 cm translationally and 1.64 ± 0.18° rotationally when compared with a three-dimensional motion capture system. No significant differences between Vive trackers and Vicon systems were found suggesting the Vive wireless sensors can be used to accurately track joint motion for clinical and research data.

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Stevens, Tom G. A., Cornelis J. de Ruiter, Cas van Niel, Roxanne van de Rhee, Peter J. Beek y Geert J. P. Savelsbergh. "Measuring Acceleration and Deceleration in Soccer-Specific Movements Using a Local Position Measurement (LPM) System". International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 9, n.º 3 (mayo de 2014): 446–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0340.

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Purpose:A local position measurement (LPM) system can accurately track the distance covered and the average speed of whole-body movements. However, for the quantification of a soccer player’s workload, accelerations rather than positions or speeds are essential. The main purpose of the current study was therefore to determine the accuracy of LPM in measuring average and peak accelerations for a broad range of (maximal) soccerspecific movements.Methods:Twelve male amateur soccer players performed 8 movements (categorized in straight runs and runs involving a sudden change in direction of 90° or 180°) at 3 intensities (jog, submaximal, maximal). Position-related parameters recorded with LPM were compared with Vicon motion-analysis data sampled at 100 Hz. The differences between LPM and Vicon data were expressed as percentage of the Vicon data.Results:LPM provided reasonably accurate measurements for distance, average speed, and peak speed (differences within 2% across all movements and intensities). For average acceleration and deceleration, absolute bias and 95% limits of agreement were 0.01 ± 0.36 m/s2 and 0.02 ± 0.38 m/s2, respectively. On average, peak acceleration was overestimated (0.48 ± 1.27 m/s2) by LPM, while peak deceleration was underestimated (0.32 ± 1.17 m/s2).Conclusion:LPM accuracy appears acceptable for most measurements of average acceleration and deceleration, but for peak acceleration and deceleration accuracy is limited. However, when these error margins are kept in mind, the system may be used in practice for quantifying average accelerations and parameters such as summed accelerations or time spent in acceleration zones.

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Scoz, Robson Dias, Thiago Roberto Espindola, Mateus Freitas Santiago, Paulo Rui de Oliveira, Bruno Mazziotti Oliveira Alves, Luciano Maia Alves Ferreira y César Ferreira Amorim. "Validation of a 3D Camera System for Cycling Analysis". Sensors 21, n.º 13 (30 de junio de 2021): 4473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134473.

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Background: Kinematic analysis aimed toward scientific investigation or professional purposes is commonly unaffordable and complex to use. Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify concurrent validation between a cycling-specific 3D camera and the gold-standard 3D general camera systems. Methods: Overall, 11 healthy amateur male triathletes were filmed riding their bicycles with Vicon 3D cameras and the Retul 3D cameras for bike fitting analysis simultaneously. All 18 kinematic measurements given by the bike fitting system were compared with the same data given by Vicon cameras through Pearson correlation (r), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error measurements (SEM), and Bland–Altman (BA) analysis. Confidence intervals of 95% are given. Results: A very high correlation between cameras was found on six of 18 measurements. All other presented a high correlation between cameras (between 0.7 and 0.9). In total, six variables indicate a SEM of less than one degree between systems. Only two variables indicate a SEM higher than two degrees between camera systems. Overall, four measures indicate bias tendency according to BA. Conclusions: The cycling-specific led-emitting 3D camera system tested revealed a high or very high degree of correlation with the gold-standard 3D camera system used in laboratory motion capture. In total, 14 measurements of this equipment could be used in sports medicine clinical practice and even by researchers of cycling studies.

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McGroarty, M., S. Giblin, D. Meldrum y F. Wetterling. "ACCURACY OF A LOW-COST NOVEL COMPUTER-VISION DYNAMIC MOVEMENT ASSESSMENT: POTENTIAL LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W8 (7 de abril de 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xl-5-w8-1-2016.

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The aim of the study was to perform a preliminary validation of a low cost markerless motion capture system (CAPTURE) against an industry gold standard (Vicon). Measurements of knee valgus and flexion during the performance of a countermovement jump (CMJ) between CAPTURE and Vicon were compared. After correction algorithms were applied to the raw CAPTURE data acceptable levels of accuracy and precision were achieved. The knee flexion angle measured for three trials using Capture deviated by −3.8° ± 3° (left) and 1.7° ± 2.8° (right) compared to Vicon. The findings suggest that low-cost markerless motion capture has potential to provide an objective method for assessing lower limb jump and landing mechanics in an applied sports setting. Furthermore, the outcome of the study warrants the need for future research to examine more fully the potential implications of the use of low-cost markerless motion capture in the evaluation of dynamic movement for injury prevention.

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Grenet, P. y F. Mansour. "Using Vicon system and optical method to evaluate inertial and magnetic system accuracy". EPJ Web of Conferences 6 (2010): 12004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20100612004.

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Hayati, Nur, Novi Dian Nathasia, Dede Wandi y Tri Ichsan Saputra. "Analisa Korelasi Nilai QoS dan MOS Video Conference BigBlueButtonBN pada Moodle". Jurnal JTIK (Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi) 5, n.º 4 (23 de enero de 2021): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.35870/jtik.v5i4.252.

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Virtual education is distance teaching in which teachers and students are in different places but can be connected to each other via the internet network. The virtual education system is divided into two, namely Learning Management System (LMS) and virtual classes. One of virtual education is video conferencing (vicon). A fully capable network is required to comply with Quality of Service (QoS) standards for real-time applications. This study analyzes the QoS of vicon features in LMS at the University of Nasional that is BigBlueButtonBN. Based on the QoS parameters obtained 25% throughput, 100% packet loss, 84.75% delay, 37.5% jitter and 58.5% MOS. Based on the bandwidth requirements of each parameter, the results are 61.2% or 27.9411MB. The MOS value for video 100 is 4, which results in very good images on this vicon.Keywords:BigblueButtonBN; Learning Management System; Mean Opinion Score; Quality of Service; Video Conference

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Miziołek, Mateusz. "Dokładność pomiaru kątów z wykorzystaniem czujników inercyjnych w trójwymiarowym układzie współrzędnych". Journal of Computer Sciences Institute 10 (30 de marzo de 2019): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/jcsi.187.

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Artykuł dotyczy dokładnoĞci pomiaru kątów z wykorzystaniem czujników inercyjnych w trójwymiarowym układzie współrzędnych. Jako system odniesienia wykorzystano system akwizycji ruchu firmy Vicon. W artykule opisano przebieg badania, aplikację, która posłużyła do zbierania danych ze smartfona. W artykule zawarto także metody, wzory oraz algorytm, których użyto, aby porównać uzyskane dane.

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Ould-Slimane, Mourad, Charles Latrobe, Paul Michelin, Nathalie Chastan, Franck Dujardin, Xavier Roussignol y Rémi Gauthé. "Noninvasive Optoelectronic Assessment of Induced Sagittal Imbalance Using the Vicon System". World Neurosurgery 102 (junio de 2017): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2017.03.099.

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Nichols, Julia K., Mark P. Sena, Jennifer L. Hu, Oliver M. O’Reilly, Brian T. Feeley y Jeffrey C. Lotz. "A Kinect-based movement assessment system: marker position comparison to Vicon". Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 20, n.º 12 (12 de julio de 2017): 1289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2017.1340464.

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Di Paolo, Stefano, Nicola Francesco Lopomo, Francesco Della Villa, Gabriele Paolini, Giulio Figari, Laura Bragonzoni, Alberto Grassi y Stefano Zaffagnini. "Rehabilitation and Return to Sport Assessment after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Quantifying Joint Kinematics during Complex High-Speed Tasks through Wearable Sensors". Sensors 21, n.º 7 (26 de marzo de 2021): 2331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072331.

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The aim of the present study was to quantify joint kinematics through a wearable sensor system in multidirectional high-speed complex movements used in a protocol for rehabilitation and return to sport assessment after Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury, and to validate it against a gold standard optoelectronic marker-based system. Thirty-four healthy athletes were evaluated through a full-body wearable sensor (MTw Awinda, Xsens) and a marker-based optoelectronic (Vicon Nexus, Vicon) system during the execution of three tasks: drop jump, forward sprint, and 90° change of direction. Clinically relevant joint angles of lower limbs and trunk were compared through Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r), and the Coefficient of Multiple Correlation (CMC). An excellent agreement (r > 0.94, CMC > 0.96) was found for knee and hip sagittal plane kinematics in all the movements. A fair-to-excellent agreement was found for frontal (r 0.55–0.96, CMC 0.63–0.96) and transverse (r 0.45–0.84, CMC 0.59–0.90) plane kinematics. Movement complexity slightly affected the agreement between the systems. The system based on wearable sensors showed fair-to-excellent concurrent validity in the evaluation of the specific joint parameters commonly used in rehabilitation and return to sport assessment after ACL injury for complex movements. The ACL professionals could benefit from full-body wearable technology in the on-field rehabilitation of athletes.

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Fernández-González, Pilar, Aikaterini Koutsou, Alicia Cuesta-Gómez, María Carratalá-Tejada, Juan Carlos Miangolarra-Page y Francisco Molina-Rueda. "Reliability of Kinovea® Software and Agreement with a Three-Dimensional Motion System for Gait Analysis in Healthy Subjects". Sensors 20, n.º 11 (2 de junio de 2020): 3154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113154.

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Gait analysis is necessary to diagnose movement disorders. In order to reduce the costs of three-dimensional motion capture systems, new low-cost methods of motion analysis have been developed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inter- and intra-rater reliability of Kinovea® and the agreement with a three-dimensional motion system for detecting the joint angles of the hip, knee and ankle during the initial contact phase of walking. Fifty healthy subjects participated in this study. All participants were examined twice with a one-week interval between the two appointments. The motion data were recorded using the VICON Motion System® and digital video cameras. The intra-rater reliability showed a good correlation for the hip, the knee and the ankle joints (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC > 0.85) for both observers. The ICC for the inter-rater reliability was >0.90 for the hip, the knee and the ankle joints. The Bland–Altman plots showed that the magnitude of disagreement was approximately ±5° for intra-rater reliability, ±2.5° for inter-rater reliability and around ±2.5° to ±5° for Kinovea® versus Vicon®. The ICC was good for the hip, knee and ankle angles registered with Kinovea® during the initial contact of walking for both observers (intra-rater reliability) and higher for the agreement between observers (inter-rater reliability). However, the Bland–Altman plots showed disagreement between observers, measurements and systems (Kinovea® vs. three-dimensional motion system) that should be considered in the interpretation of clinical evaluations.

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Shiang, Tzyy-Yuang, Tsung-Yu Hsieh, Yin-Shin Lee, Chen-Chi Wu, Meng-Chieh Yu, Chung-Huan Mei y I.-Han Tai. "Determine the Foot Strike Pattern Using Inertial Sensors". Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4759626.

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From biomechanical point of view, strike pattern plays an important role in preventing potential injury risk in running. Traditionally, strike pattern determination was conducted by using 3D motion analysis system with cameras. However, the procedure is costly and not convenient. With the rapid development of technology, sensors have been applied in sport science field lately. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the algorithm that can identify landing strategies with a wearable sensor. Six healthy male participants were recruited to perform heel and forefoot strike strategies at 7, 10, and 13 km/h speeds. The kinematic data were collected by Vicon 3D motion analysis system and 2 inertial measurement units (IMU) attached on the dorsal side of both shoes. The data of each foot strike were gathered for pitch angle and strike index analysis. Comparing the strike index from IMU with the pitch angle from Vicon system, our results showed that both signals exhibited highly correlated changes between different strike patterns in the sagittal plane (r=0.98). Based on the findings, the IMU sensors showed potential capabilities and could be extended beyond the context of sport science to other fields, including clinical applications.

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Lamine, H., S. Bennour, M. Laribi, L. Romdhane y S. Zaghloul. "Evaluation of Calibrated Kinect Gait Kinematics Using a Vicon Motion Capture System". Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 20, sup1 (27 de octubre de 2017): S111—S112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2017.1382886.

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Greenberg, MB, JA Gronley, J. Perry y R. Lawthwaite. "Concurrent validity of observational gait analysis using the vicon motion analysis system". Gait & Posture 4, n.º 2 (abril de 1996): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0966-6362(96)80574-1.

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Engler, Peter E., Sue Ann Sisto, Judith Redling, John F. Andrews, Timothy Chang y Thomas W. Findley. "Measuring the accuracy of the 120 Hz vicon 370 movement analysis system". Gait & Posture 4, n.º 2 (abril de 1996): 192–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0966-6362(96)80627-8.

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Liu, Hai Bin, Zhi Qiang He, Wen Xue Yuan y Zhou Yang. "Comparing 3 Different Foot Models for Ankle Joint Motion during Gait". Applied Mechanics and Materials 440 (octubre de 2013): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.440.135.

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Objective is to study different foot models and their corresponding parameters, provide references for foot segment and give the correct definition for ankle joint angle. Methods: The data were captured and analyzed by Vicon Motion System, and compute the joint angle parameters. Conclusion: The Toe Model is no suit for constructing ankle joint, MidJoint Model only for high equipped motion capture system and Phalange Model should be recommended after verification.

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Palacios, Filiberto Muñoz, Eduardo Steed Espinoza Quesada, Guillaume Sanahuja, Sergio Salazar, Octavio Garcia Salazar y Luis Rodolfo Garcia Carrillo. "Test bed for applications of heterogeneous unmanned vehicles". International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2017): 172988141668711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881416687111.

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This article addresses the development and implementation of a test bed for applications of heterogeneous unmanned vehicle systems. The test bed consists of unmanned aerial vehicles (Parrot AR.Drones versions 1 or 2, Parrot SA, Paris, France, and Bebop Drones 1.0 and 2.0, Parrot SA, Paris, France), ground vehicles (WowWee Rovio, WowWee Group Limited, Hong Kong, China), and the motion capture systems VICON and OptiTrack. Such test bed allows the user to choose between two different options of development environments, to perform aerial and ground vehicles applications. On the one hand, it is possible to select an environment based on the VICON system and LabVIEW (National Instruments) or robotics operating system platforms, which make use the Parrot AR.Drone software development kit or the Bebop_autonomy Driver to communicate with the unmanned vehicles. On the other hand, it is possible to employ a platform that uses the OptiTrack system and that allows users to develop their own applications, replacing AR.Drone’s original firmware with original code. We have developed four experimental setups to illustrate the use of the Parrot software development kit, the Bebop Driver (AutonomyLab, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada), and the original firmware replacement for performing a strategy that involves both ground and aerial vehicle tracking. Finally, in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed test bed for the implementation of advanced controllers, we present experimental results of the implementation of three consensus algorithms: static, adaptive, and neural network, in order to accomplish that a team of multiagents systems move together to track a target.

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Poitras, Isabelle, Mathieu Bielmann, Alexandre Campeau-Lecours, Catherine Mercier, Laurent J. Bouyer y Jean-Sébastien Roy. "Validity of Wearable Sensors at the Shoulder Joint: Combining Wireless Electromyography Sensors and Inertial Measurement Units to Perform Physical Workplace Assessments". Sensors 19, n.º 8 (20 de abril de 2019): 1885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081885.

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Background: Workplace adaptation is the preferred method of intervention to diminish risk factors associated with the development of work-related shoulder disorders. However, the majority of the workplace assessments performed are subjective (e.g., questionnaires). Quantitative assessments are required to support workplace adaptations. The aims of this study are to assess the concurrent validity of inertial measurement units (IMUs; MVN, Xsens) in comparison to a motion capture system (Vicon) during lifting tasks, and establish the discriminative validity of a wireless electromyography (EMG) system for the evaluation of muscle activity. Methods: Sixteen participants performed 12 simple tasks (shoulder flexion, abduction, scaption) and 16 complex lifting tasks (lifting crates of different weights at different heights). A Delsys Trigno EMG system was used to record anterior and middle deltoids’ EMG activity, while the Xsens and Vicon simultaneously recorded shoulder kinematics. Results: For IMUs, correlation coefficients were high (simple task: >0.968; complex task: >0.84) and RMSEs were low (simple task: <6.72°; complex task: <11.5°). For EMG, a significant effect of weight, height and a weight x height interaction (anterior: p < 0.001; middle: p < 0.03) were observed for RMS EMG activity. Conclusions: These results suggest that wireless EMG and IMUs are valid units that can be used to measure physical demand in workplace assessments.

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Ziagkas, Efthymios, Andreas Loukovitis, Dimitrios Xypolias Zekakos, Thomas Duc-Phu Chau, Alexandros Petrelis y George Grouios. "A Novel Tool for Gait Analysis: Validation Study of the Smart Insole PODOSmart®". Sensors 21, n.º 17 (6 de septiembre de 2021): 5972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21175972.

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The new smart insole PODOSmart®, is introduced as a new tool for gait analysis against high cost laboratory based equipment. PODOSmart® system measures walking profile and gait variables in real life conditions. PODOSmart® insoles consists of wireless sensors, can be fitted into any shoe and offer the ability to measure spatial, temporal, and kinematic gait parameters. The intelligent insoles feature several sensors that detect and capture foot movements and a microprocessor that calculates gait related biomechanical data. Gait analysis results are presented in PODOSmart® platform. This study aims to present the characteristics of this tool and to validate it comparing with a stereophotogrammetry-based system. Validation was performed by gait analysis for eleven healthy individuals on a six-meters walkway using both PODOSmart® and Vicon system. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for gait parameters. ICC for the validation ranged from 0.313 to 0.990 in gait parameters. The highest ICC was observed in cadence, circumduction, walking speed, stride length and stride duration. PODOSmart® is a valid tool for gait analysis compared to the gold standard Vicon. As PODOSmart®, is a portable gait analysis tool with an affordable cost it can be a useful novel tool for gait analysis in healthy and pathological population.

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Windolf, Markus, Nils Götzen y Michael Morlock. "Systematic accuracy and precision analysis of video motion capturing systems—exemplified on the Vicon-460 system". Journal of Biomechanics 41, n.º 12 (agosto de 2008): 2776–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.06.024.

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Sakai, N. y S. Shimawaki. "Hand motion analysis during touch-typing using VICON system with finger force plate". Journal of Biomechanics 39 (enero de 2006): S166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(06)83577-3.

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Albert, Justin Amadeus, Victor Owolabi, Arnd Gebel, Clemens Markus Brahms, Urs Granacher y Bert Arnrich. "Evaluation of the Pose Tracking Performance of the Azure Kinect and Kinect v2 for Gait Analysis in Comparison with a Gold Standard: A Pilot Study". Sensors 20, n.º 18 (8 de septiembre de 2020): 5104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185104.

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Gait analysis is an important tool for the early detection of neurological diseases and for the assessment of risk of falling in elderly people. The availability of low-cost camera hardware on the market today and recent advances in Machine Learning enable a wide range of clinical and health-related applications, such as patient monitoring or exercise recognition at home. In this study, we evaluated the motion tracking performance of the latest generation of the Microsoft Kinect camera, Azure Kinect, compared to its predecessor Kinect v2 in terms of treadmill walking using a gold standard Vicon multi-camera motion capturing system and the 39 marker Plug-in Gait model. Five young and healthy subjects walked on a treadmill at three different velocities while data were recorded simultaneously with all three camera systems. An easy-to-administer camera calibration method developed here was used to spatially align the 3D skeleton data from both Kinect cameras and the Vicon system. With this calibration, the spatial agreement of joint positions between the two Kinect cameras and the reference system was evaluated. In addition, we compared the accuracy of certain spatio-temporal gait parameters, i.e., step length, step time, step width, and stride time calculated from the Kinect data, with the gold standard system. Our results showed that the improved hardware and the motion tracking algorithm of the Azure Kinect camera led to a significantly higher accuracy of the spatial gait parameters than the predecessor Kinect v2, while no significant differences were found between the temporal parameters. Furthermore, we explain in detail how this experimental setup could be used to continuously monitor the progress during gait rehabilitation in older people.

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Gobbi, Michele, Cristina Ferrario, Marco Tarabini, Giuseppe Annino, Nicola Cau, Matteo Zago, Paolo Marzullo, Stefania Mai, Manuela Galli y Paolo Capodaglio. "Low-Intensity Whole-Body Vibration: A Useful Adjuvant in Managing Obesity? A Pilot Study". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 11 (31 de mayo de 2021): 5101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115101.

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The use of whole-body vibration (WBV) for therapeutic purposes is far from being standardized and an empirical foundation for reporting guidelines for human WBV studies has only very recently been published. Controversies about safety and therapeutic dosage still exist. The present study aimed to investigate the metabolic and mechanical effects of low-intensity WBV according to the ISO 2631 norm on subjects with obesity. Forty-one obese subjects (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) were recruited to participate in a 3-week multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation program including fitness training and WBV training. During WBV the posture was monitored with an optoelectronic system with six infrared cameras (Vicon, Vicon Motion System, Oxford, UK). The primary endpoints were: variation in body composition, factors of metabolic syndrome, functional activity (sit-to-stand and 6-min walking test), muscle strength, and quality of life. The secondary endpoints were: modification of irisin, testosterone, growth hormone, IGF1 levels. We observed significant changes in salivary irisin levels, Group 2 (p < 0.01) as compared to the control group, while muscle strength, function, and other metabolic and hormonal factors did not change after a 3-week low-intensity WBV training with respect to the control group. Future studies are needed to further investigate the potential metabolic effect of low-intensity WBV in managing weight.

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Zavatsky, Amy B., Paul T. Oppold y Andrew J. Price. "Simultaneous In Vitro Measurement of Patellofemoral Kinematics and Forces". Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 126, n.º 3 (1 de junio de 2004): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1762896.

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This study involved the development and testing of a system for the simultaneous in vitro measurement of tibiofemoral kinematics and patellofemoral kinematics and forces. Knee motion was tracked using a Vicon 370, and patellofemoral force was measured using a six degree-of-freedom transducer based on the design of Singerman et al. Using this system, twelve knee specimens were tested in supine leg extension under a simulated quadriceps force. The comprehensive set of results corresponds well to the individual results of previous studies. The measurement system will be of value in assessing the effects of total knee arthroplasty on patellar function.

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Tenn, Hian Kun y Yao Yang Tsai. "Estimation of Occluded Lower Limb Using Inverted Pendulum Model". Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (enero de 2013): 2056–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.2056.

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For many interactive vision based systems, users are captured by the system and modeled as a simplified skeleton. The skeleton model usually encounter problems of occlusion because of obstacles or other users appearing in the environment. In this paper, we proposed a method based on an inverted pendulum model (IPM), which was applied to recover the occluded leg of skeleton model. The skeleton model was provided by Vicon motion measurement system, which captured the participant's motions. One leg of the skeleton model was removed intentionally and the proposed method was used to estimate the pose of the occluded leg in real-time. The results showed that most of the positioning errors were within 10 cm on average and the processing rate exceeded 100 fps.

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Abhayasinghe, Nimsiri, Iain Murray y Shiva Sharif Bidabadi. "Validation of Thigh Angle Estimation Using Inertial Measurement Unit Data against Optical Motion Capture Systems". Sensors 19, n.º 3 (31 de enero de 2019): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030596.

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Inertial measurement units are commonly used to estimate the orientation of sections of sections of human body in inertial navigation systems. Most of the algorithms used for orientation estimation are computationally expensive and it is difficult to implement them in real-time embedded systems with restricted capabilities. This paper discusses a computationally inexpensive orientation estimation algorithm (Gyro Integration-Based Orientation Filter—GIOF) that is used to estimate the forward and backward swing angle of the thigh (thigh angle) for a vision impaired navigation aid. The algorithm fuses the accelerometer and gyroscope readings to derive the single dimension orientation in such a way that the orientation is corrected using the accelerometer reading when it reads gravity only or otherwise integrate the gyro reading to estimate the orientation. This strategy was used to reduce the drift caused by the gyro integration. The thigh angle estimated by GIOF was compared against the Vicon Optical Motion Capture System and reported a mean correlation of 99.58% for 374 walking trials with a standard deviation of 0.34%. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the thigh angle estimated by GIOF compared with Vicon measurement was 1.8477°. The computation time on an 8-bit microcontroller running at 8 MHz for GIOF is about a half of that of Complementary Filter implementation. Although GIOF was only implemented and tested for estimating pitch of the IMU, it can be easily extended into 2D to estimate both pitch and roll.

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Lowes, L., M. McNally, L. Alfano, K. Berry, J. Mendell y J. Heathcock. "Comparison of ACTIVE-mini to the Vicon motion camera system in measuring infant movements". Neuromuscular Disorders 25 (octubre de 2015): S240—S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.203.

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Geng, Yan Li, Peng Yang, Zuo Jun Liu y Ling Ling Chen. "Walking Speed Feature Extraction Based on Wavelet Packet Decomposition". Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (febrero de 2012): 1114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1114.

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Sufficient sensor information is needed in the control of intelligent lower limb prosthesis. Sensor system includes MEMS Accelerometer and MEMS Gyroscope. The sensor system is installed in prosthetic socket. Walking information is obtained using this system. Hip joint and knee joint motion is measured by Vicon MX system. the angle, velocity and acceleration of Hip joint and knee joint is analyzed. The signal of sensor system is collected by Quarc system. Using the wavelet analysis method, characteristic values is extracted from the measurement signal after errors separation process. The results of experiment indicate that the sensor system has advantages of small size, sensitive response,quick examine,convinence to take with and use and so on. The system is very suitable for the information acquisition.

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Yang, Peng, Gaowei Zhang, Jie Wang, Xiaozhou Wang, Lili Zhang y Lingling Chen. "Command Filter Backstepping Sliding Model Control for Lower-Limb Exoskeleton". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1064535.

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A command filter adaptive fuzzy backstepping control strategy is proposed for lower-limb assisting exoskeleton. Firstly, the human-robot model is established by taking the human body as a passive part, and a coupling torque is introduced to describe the interaction between the exoskeleton and human leg. Then, Vicon motion capture system is employed to obtain the reference trajectory. For the purpose of obviating the “explosion of complexity” in conventional backstepping, a second-order command filter is introduced into the sliding mode control strategy. The fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) are also applied to handle with the chattering problem by estimating the uncertainties and disturbances. Furthermore, the stability of the closed-loop system is proved based on the Lyapunov theory. Finally, simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.

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Scano, Alessandro, Robert Mihai Mira, Pietro Cerveri, Lorenzo Molinari Tosatti y Marco Sacco. "Analysis of Upper-Limb and Trunk Kinematic Variability: Accuracy and Reliability of an RGB-D Sensor". Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 4, n.º 2 (26 de abril de 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti4020014.

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In the field of motion analysis, the gold standard devices are marker-based tracking systems. Despite being very accurate, their cost, stringent working environments, and long preparation time make them unsuitable for small clinics as well as for other scenarios such as industrial application. Since human-centered approaches have been promoted even outside clinical environments, the need for easy-to-use solutions to track human motion is topical. In this context, cost-effective devices, such as RGB-Depth (RBG-D) cameras have been proposed, aiming at a user-centered evaluation in rehabilitation or of workers in industry environment. In this paper, we aimed at comparing marker-based systems and RGB-D cameras for tracking human motion. We used a Vicon system (Vicon Motion Systems, Oxford, UK) as a gold standard for the analysis of accuracy and reliability of the Kinect V2 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) in a variety of gestures in the upper limb workspace—targeting rehabilitation and working applications. The comparison was performed on a group of 15 adult healthy subjects. Each subject had to perform two types of upper-limb movements (point-to-point and exploration) in three workspace sectors (central, right, and left) that might be explored in rehabilitation and industrial working scenarios. The protocol was conceived to test a wide range of the field of view of the RGB-D device. Our results, detailed in the paper, suggest that RGB-D sensors are adequate to track the upper limb for biomechanical assessments, even though relevant limitations can be found in the assessment and reliability of some specific degrees of freedom and gestures with respect to marker-based systems.

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38

Hodder, Ryan W., Kevin A. Ball y Fabio R. Serpiello. "Criterion Validity of Catapult ClearSky T6 Local Positioning System for Measuring Inter-Unit Distance". Sensors 20, n.º 13 (1 de julio de 2020): 3693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133693.

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The validity of a local positioning system (LPS) to measure inter-unit distance was investigated during a team sport movement circuit. Eight recreationally active, female indoor team-sport players completed a circuit, comprising seven types of movements (walk, jog, jump, sprint, 45° change of direction and shuffle), on an indoor court. Participants wore a receiver tag (ClearSky T6, Catapult Sports) and seven reflective markers, to allow for a comparison with the reference system (©Vicon Motion Systems, Oxford Metrics, UK). Inter-unit distance was collected for each combination of participants. Validity was assessed via root mean square error, mean bias and percentage of variance accounted for, both as an overall dataset and split into distance bands. The results presented a mean root mean square error of 0.20 ± 0.05 m, and mean bias detected an overestimation for all distance bands. The LPS shows acceptable accuracy for measuring inter-unit distance, opening up opportunities to utilise player tracking for tactical variables indoors.

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39

Wu, Jiunn-Jer. "Clinical application of vicon system to evaluate the gait pattern after toe-to-thumb reconstruction". Journal of Biomechanics 20, n.º 9 (enero de 1987): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(87)90216-8.

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40

Chung, W. M., S. Yeung, C. H. Pak y R. Lee. "Repeatability of Vicon Motion Analysis System for Upper Limb Kinematic Measurement During Fencing Lunge Action". Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal 29, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2011): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hkpj.2011.08.011.

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41

Chung, W. M., S. Yeung, W. W. Chan y R. Lee. "Validity of VICON Motion Analysis System for Upper Limb Kinematic MeasuremeNT – A Comparison Study with Inertial Tracking Xsens System". Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal 29, n.º 2 (diciembre de 2011): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hkpj.2011.08.015.

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42

Nakashima, Yuki, Daisuke Iwaki, Toshihiro Kawae, Kenichi Fudeyasu y Hiroaki Kimura. "Reliability of joint position sense measured in the knee using the level function of the iPhone “Measure” application". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 8 (27 de agosto de 2021): e0256561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256561.

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An impaired joint position sense (JPS) causes activity limitations, postural imbalance, and falls. This study compares the reliability of knee JPS measurements between the iPhone’s “Measure” application and VICON motion capture system. Eleven healthy participants were recruited for the study. To conduct the study measures, the blindfolded participant, with an iPhone fixed to the lower non-dominant leg, was seated with their lower limbs in a relaxed position. The examiner held the participant’s leg at the target angle (30°/60° from initial position) for 5 s before releasing it. The participant was then instructed to move the leg to the same target angle and hold it for 5 s (replicated angle). Absolute angular error (AAE), i.e., the difference between the target and replicated angles, was measured. Intraclass and Pearson correlation coefficients established statistically significant relationships. The study comprised 6 males and 5 females of mean age 27.6±5.6 years, mean height 1.67±0.10 m, and mean body weight 60.7±10.3 kg. Strong correlations existed between iPhone and VICON 30° (ICC = 0.969, r = 0.960, P < 0.001) and 60° AAEs (ICC 0.969, r = 0.960, P < 0.001). Bland-Altman plots showed a mean difference of 0.43° and 0.20° between the AAE measurements at 30° and 60°, respectively. The iPhone’s “Measure” application is a simple and reliable method for measuring JPS in clinical practice and sports/fitness settings.

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43

Cai, Laisi, Ye Ma, Shuping Xiong y Yanxin Zhang. "Validity and Reliability of Upper Limb Functional Assessment Using the Microsoft Kinect V2 Sensor". Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2019 (11 de febrero de 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7175240.

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Objective. To quantify the concurrent accuracy and the test-retest reliability of a Kinect V2-based upper limb functional assessment system. Approach. Ten healthy males performed a series of upper limb movements, which were measured concurrently with Kinect V2 and the Vicon motion capture system (gold standard). Each participant attended two testing sessions, seven days apart. Four tasks were performed including hand to contralateral shoulder, hand to mouth, combing hair, and hand to back pocket. Upper limb kinematics were calculated using our developed kinematic model and the UWA model for Kinect V2 and Vicon. The interdevice coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) and the root mean squared error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the validity of the kinematic waveforms. Mean absolute bias and Pearson’s r correlation were used to evaluate the validity of the angles at the points of target achieved (PTA) and the range of motion (ROM). The intersession CMC and RMSE and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess the test-retest reliability of Kinect V2. Main Results. Both validity and reliability are found to be task-dependent and plane-dependent. Kinect V2 had good accuracy in measuring shoulder and elbow flexion/extension angular waveforms (CMC>0.87), moderate accuracy of measuring shoulder adduction/abduction angular waveforms (CMC=0.69-0.82), and poor accuracy of measuring shoulder internal/external angles (CMC<0.6). We also found high test-retest reliability of Kinect V2 in most of the upper limb angular waveforms (CMC=0.75-0.99), angles at the PTA (ICC=0.65-0.91), and the ROM (ICC=0.68-0.96). Significance. Kinect V2 has great potential as a low-cost, easy implemented device for assessing upper limb angular waveforms when performing functional tasks. The system is suitable for assessing relative within-person change in upper limb motions over time, such as disease progression or improvement due to intervention.

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Stubbe, L., N. Houel, M. Soudain-Pineau, P. Billaudel y F. Cottin. "Evaluations of cranial micro-motion and breathing using kinematic analysis. Comparaison between Vicon system and spirometry". Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 20, sup1 (27 de octubre de 2017): S197—S198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2017.1382930.

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45

Guerre, Elvire, Pascale Laronde, Jérôme Cussonneau, Christian Fontaine y Guillaume Wavreille. "Experimental determination of the elbow’s center of rotation using the VICON™ optoelectronic motion capture system". Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 38, n.º 4 (20 de noviembre de 2015): 395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-015-1589-2.

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46

Littrell, Mary Emily, Young-Hui Chang y Brian P. Selgrade. "Development and Assessment of a Low-Cost Clinical Gait Analysis System". Journal of Applied Biomechanics 34, n.º 6 (1 de diciembre de 2018): 503–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2017-0370.

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Clinically, measuring gait kinematics and ground reaction force (GRF) is useful to determine the effectiveness of treatment. However, it is inconvenient and expensive to maintain a laboratory-grade gait analysis system in most clinics. The purpose of this study was to validate a Wii Balance Board, Kinovea motion-tracking software, and a video camera as a portable, low-cost system, and overground gait analysis system. We validated this low-cost system against a multicamera Vicon system and research-grade force platform (Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc). After validation trials with known weights and angles, 5 subjects walked across an instrumented walkway for multiple times (n = 8/subject). We collected vertical GRF and segment angles. Average GRF data from the 2 systems were similar, with peak GRF errors below 3.5%BW. However, variability in the balance board’s sampling rate led to large GRF errors early and late in stance, when the GRF changed rapidly. The thigh, shank, and foot angle measurements were similar between the single and multicamera, but the pelvis angle was far less accurate. The proposed system has the potential to provide accurate segment angles and peak GRF at low cost but does not match the accuracy of the multicamera system and force platform, in part because of the Wii Balance Board’s variable sampling rate.

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47

Minh, Vu Trieu, Mart Tamre, Victor Musalimov, Pavel Kovalenko, Irina Rubinshtein, Ivan Ovchinnikov, David Krcmarik, Reza Moezzi y Jaroslav Hlava. "Model Predictive Control for Modeling Human Gait Motions Assisted by Vicon Technology". Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 53, n.º 5 (15 de noviembre de 2020): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.530501.

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Human muscles and the central nervous system (CNS) play the key role to control the human movements and activities. The human CNS determines each human motion following three steps: estimation of the movement trajectory; calculation of required energy for muscles; then perform the motion. In these three step tasks, the human CNS determines the first two steps and the human muscles conduct the third one. This paper efforts the use of model predictive control (MPC) algorithm to simulate the human CNS calculation in the case of gait motion. We first build up the human gait motion mathematical model with 5-link mechanism. This allows us to apply MPC to calculate the optimal torques at each joint and optimal trajectory for muscles. Outcomes of simulations simultaneously are compared with the real human movements captured by the Vicon motion capture technology which is the novelty of this study. Results show that tracking errors are not excessed 7%.

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Marin, Mihnea, Petre Cristian Copilusi y Ligia Rusu. "Experimental Approach Regarding the Analysis of Human Complex Motions". Applied Mechanics and Materials 823 (enero de 2016): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.823.119.

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In this paper an experimental research was performed in case of a human complex motion. The research aim was to evaluate the joint trajectories and angular variations of the main human locomotion system. Thus an experimental motion analysis was performed, by using two modern equipments in parallel, one called VICON Equipment and the other called CONTEMPLAS. The experimental activity was developed on a human subject when perform a complex motion for hitting a ball. The obtained results will be useful for the improvement of the athletes’ complex motions on sports such as football in the way of conserving the energy or to reshape the foot behavior when strikes the ball.

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Chen, Si Xi, Shu Chen, Jian De Lin, Jian Wei Li y Xin Chen. ""The Seven Claps" of Quan-Zhou Chest-Clapping with Motion Capture". Applied Mechanics and Materials 311 (febrero de 2013): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.311.202.

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This paper focuses on the motion capture method of the certain variety of South China traditional folk dance, Quan-zhou Chest-clapping. The authors used Vicon Motion Capture system to capture the motion of “the seven claps”, the basic form of Quan-zhou Chest-clapping Dance, and optimized the capture procedures and acting standards for the clapping and certain motions’ capture. To process the motion data , the authors used the Motionanalysis system to obtain the six degrees of freedom of certain basic dance motions, by measuring the motions’ maximum and minimum values of linear displacements and angular displacements on axis X ,Y and Z. Based on the measuring results of the motions’ degrees of freedom, the authors further discussed the quantification of motion course and developed the integrate exclusive motion capturing assessment criteria.

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Thewlis, Dominic, Chris Bishop, Nathan Daniell y Gunther Paul. "Next-Generation Low-Cost Motion Capture Systems Can Provide Comparable Spatial Accuracy to High-End Systems". Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, n.º 1 (febrero de 2013): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.1.112.

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The objective quantification of three-dimensional kinematics during different functional and occupational tasks is now more in demand than ever. The introduction of new generation of low-cost passive motion capture systems from a number of manufacturers has made this technology accessible for teaching, clinical practice and in small/medium industry. Despite the attractive nature of these systems, their accuracy remains unproved in independent tests. We assessed static linear accuracy, dynamic linear accuracy and compared gait kinematics from a Vicon MX-f20 system to a Natural Point OptiTrack system. In all experiments data were sampled simultaneously. We identified both systems perform excellently in linear accuracy tests with absolute errors not exceeding 1%. In gait data there was again strong agreement between the two systems in sagittal and coronal plane kinematics. Transverse plane kinematics differed by up to 3° at the knee and hip, which we attributed to the impact of soft tissue artifact accelerations on the data. We suggest that low-cost systems are comparably accurate to their high-end competitors and offer a platform with accuracy acceptable in research for laboratories with a limited budget.

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