Artículos de revistas: "View by-example"

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Garofalo, Damiano, Dom Holdaway y Massimo Scaglioni. "Canned Television Going Global". Canned TV Going Global 9, n.º 17 (31 de agosto de 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/view.257.

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This special issue of VIEW focuses on the international circulation and distribution of ready-made content, in the form of scripted products. The following essays share an interest in considering the nuances in power dynamics (adaptation, localization, revision) that are bound to any transnational movements. They also address a fruitful variety of problems and points of view that signal the wider potential of this field of research: the transnational circulation of TV content and the currently used market strategies; common ground and cultural proximity in certain cultural groups and/or regions; the role of European countries and markets in the development of international distributed content, and their impact beyond the continent; the emerging role of OTT services in the internationalization of programming; the growing role played by curation and personalization in order to gain a competitive edge; the functions of “niche” content (such as arts programming) and or particular audience groups (such as the LGBTQIA+ community and its allies), and how these adapt to border-crossings; co-productions, but also co-distributions between different countries (such as China and the UK); processes of localizing and adapting foreign ready-made content, for example through dubbing, subtitling and voice overs; and the role of bottom-up circulation.

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M, Sankar. "Cirupaanaatruppadai - Narratology View". International Research Journal of Tamil 2, n.º 3 (19 de mayo de 2020): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt2038.

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Today, Tamil Studies obtained evolution in multiple fields. These fields are mentioned in multiple departmental researchers and approaches. Narratology is a detailed explainary studies on Novels. This approach is already exists in 21st century onwards in developed countries. Similarly this approach is also followed by K.Panchangam and P.Maruthanayagam in Tamil. For example, Aatruppadai, Epic Literatures (Cillappathikaram, Manimekalai) and Ballads. Cirupaanaatruppadai is one of the Aatruppadai having 269 lines. It mentioned about Moovendar regime, Seven Chieftains Grants and Nalliyakkodan etc., Our aim is to use the Narratology Based Approach in Cirupaanaatruppadai.

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WANG, ZHE, MINGZHE LU, ZENGXIN NIU, XIANGYANG XUE y DAQI GAO. "COST-SENSITIVE MULTI-VIEW LEARNING MACHINE". International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 28, n.º 03 (mayo de 2014): 1451004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001414510045.

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Multi-view learning aims to effectively learn from data represented by multiple independent sets of attributes, where each set is taken as one view of the original data. In real-world application, each view should be acquired in unequal cost. Taking web-page classification for example, it is cheaper to get the words on itself (view one) than to get the words contained in anchor texts of inbound hyper-links (view two). However, almost all the existing multi-view learning does not consider the cost of acquiring the views or the cost of evaluating them. In this paper, we support that different views should adopt different representations and lead to different acquisition cost. Thus we develop a new view-dependent cost different from the existing both class-dependent cost and example-dependent cost. To this end, we generalize the framework of multi-view learning with the cost-sensitive technique and further propose a Cost-sensitive Multi-View Learning Machine named CMVLM for short. In implementation, we take into account and measure both the acquisition cost and the discriminant scatter of each view. Then through eliminating the useless views with a predefined threshold, we use the reserved views to train the final classifier. The experimental results on a broad range of data sets including the benchmark UCI, image, and bioinformatics data sets validate that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the total cost and have a competitive even better classification performance. The contributions of this paper are that: (1) first proposing a view-dependent cost; (2) establishing a cost-sensitive multi-view learning framework; (3) developing a wrapper technique that is universal to most multiple kernel based classifier.

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Fu, Rong, Ji Lian Hu y Ying Shu Quan. "An Empirical Study on Low-Carbon Economy by Urbanization -Taking Chongqing for Example". Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (febrero de 2014): 1767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.1767.

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The papers research object is the relationship between urbanization rate and carbon emissions, analysis it using the theory of cointegration The result is shown, there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between urbanization rate and carbon emissions in Chongqing, carbon emissions is 2.36 times the increase of urbanization rate. Therefore, the view that high urbanization level is an important sign to weigh industrialization and modernization level of one city and one region is not appropriate.

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Kulagina, L. Yu, I. R. Valiullina, E. R. Kadyseva y M. L. Maksimov. "Antibiotic resistance: a modern view of the problem by the example of a multi-profile hospital". Vrač skoroj pomoŝi (Emergency Doctor), n.º 2 (1 de febrero de 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-02-2102-01.

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Relevance. Conducting microbiological monitoring allows controlling hospital-acquired infections and making timely strategic decisions for epidemiologists and clinical pharmacologists. Objective of the work is to determine the tendency of prevailing problem microflora and to develop a strategy of empirical antibacterial therapy for severe nosocomial infections and inflammatory processes. Materials and methods. The article analyzes the main groups of pathogens of hospital infections in dynamics for the first quarter of 2018, 2019 and 2020. The relation of positive cultures to the total number of investigated samples was taken for the analysis. Antibiotic sensitivity was isolated, identified and determined using conventional mass spectrometry methods. The results. The stable sowing rate of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the intensive care and surgical departments was noted for the analyzed periods. To solve the issue of antibiotic resistance in the inpatient department, a strategy to contain it has been developed.

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Yang, Junda, Yun Xia, Liu Yang y Zhongtao Zhang. "Efficiency Analysis of Equity Incentive in Private Listed Companies-By Taking the Example of By-Health". Business and Management Studies 4, n.º 4 (6 de noviembre de 2018): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v4i4.3725.

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At present, more and more private listed companies in our country realize the importance of corporate governance structure and equity structure, and also start to adopt a variety of equity incentive models to stimulate the business operators. How to evaluate the effect of private listed company's equity incentive measures? By taking the example of By-Health, this paper analyzes the effect of implementing equity incentive from financial performance, manager's behavior and market performance from three aspects: financial performance, manager's behavior and market performance, and puts forward relevant suggestions. With a view to providing useful reference and reference for improving the management of private enterprises and implementing equity incentives smoothly.

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Hedner-Zetterholm, Karin. "The attemped murder by Laban the Aramean: an example of intertextual reading in Midrash". Nordisk Judaistik/Scandinavian Jewish Studies 24, n.º 1-2 (1 de septiembre de 2003): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.30752/nj.69601.

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This article deals with the question of why Laban the Aramean, a rather harmless character as presented in the biblical text, is generally portrayed in rabbinic literature as a major enemy of Israel. It is argued that the view of Laban as a villain developed as a result of rabbinic hermeneutics, and that the characteristics attributed to him in rabbinic literature were not arbitrarily chosen due to some extra-textual issue or an ideologically motivated wish to provide him with a set of negative characteristics. Rather, they are an outcome of a reading of the biblical text, albeit a reading that is naturally biased and conditioned by a certain set of assumptions. The rabbis were grappling with the biblical text in a process where they filled in gaps that they perceived in the text and explained repetitions and inconsistencies having certain assumptions of how these features were to be understood. It is suggested that a factor which most probably played a significant role in developing a negative view of Laban was an intertextual reading of Deut 26:5 and Gen 31:23-25 that seems to have given rise to the idea that Laban attempted to kill Jacob when the latter fled from Haran.

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Ferguson, Maria. "Washington View: Education + Money = Freedom". Phi Delta Kappan 102, n.º 2 (22 de septiembre de 2020): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031721720963237.

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The COVID-19 pandemic and related economic downturn has made the persistent inequities in the U.S. education system even more evident than before. In her monthly Kappan column, Maria Ferguson discusses how approaches to school spending have failed to respond adequately and fairly to economic conditions. On top of the differences in funding is the phenomenon of wealthy parents spending their money to find ways out of the system by, for example, creating pandemic pods that enable their children to have in-person learning opportunities that aren’t likely to be available for poorer children. Examples like this may look like “education freedom,” but it’s freedom only available for a few.

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Yatsenko, Viktor A. "IDENTIFICATION OF NON-TRADITIONAL SOURCES OF MINERAL RESOURCES (BY THE EXAMPLE OF RARE EARTH DEPOSIT TOMTOR)". Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3, n.º 1 (8 de julio de 2020): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-3-1-258-264.

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The present article indicates the role of rare earth metals (REM) for high tech industries and digitalization of production. The analogy of non-traditional sources of mineral resources and rare earth metal deposits by the example of Tomtor deposit from the technological and economic points of view is presented.

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Berghorn, Wilhelm y Sascha Otto. "Momentum: An Economic View". International Journal of Financial Research 8, n.º 3 (12 de junio de 2017): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v8n3p142.

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Momentum strategies have widely been recognized in the literature for several markets, asset classes and time horizons. However, these strategies face a major objection as they significantly violate even the weak form of the efficient market hypothesis. Recently, it has been shown that, from a mathematical perspective, the inner dynamics of asset prices are better described by the Mandelbrot Market Model. This model uses fractal trends observed in real stock data, and the mathematical characteristics measured and used in the model show that trends in this fractal setup explain momentum. A central question attached to this mathematical analysis is why these long trends exist, economically. Although it has been documented well in the literature that investors are not rational and are prone to several biases, we show in this work by example that momentum strategies leverage fundamental, company-specific improvements of the business condition, capturing the value generation process. Consequently, this work supports the mathematical claims made previously: There are no efficient markets as investors constantly fail to anticipate available information.

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Kenney, Donald S. "DeVine®—The Way It Was Developed—An Industrialist's View". Weed Science 34, S1 (1986): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500068302.

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The use of biological control agents for the control of noxious pests is not new conceptual research. There are examples that predate by centuries the modern use of both herbicides and insecticides. For example, the successful control of insects by biological control was shown in 1762 by the introduction of the Mynah bird (Gracula religiosa Linnaeus) from India to Mauritius (4). In 1888, the Vedalia beetle (Rodolia cardinalis Muslant) was introduced to control the cottony-cushion scale (Icerya purchasi Maskell) of citrus (3). An example of biological control of weeds was reported in 1863 when it was observed that an infestation of prickly pear cactus (Opuntia humifusa Raf. # OPUHU) was decimated by the imported cochineal insect (Dactylopius tomentosus Lam.) (5).

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Kosiewski, Piotr. "MUSEUMS – VIEW FROM THE INSIDE". Muzealnictwo 58, n.º 1 (7 de agosto de 2017): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2669.

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The publication Museums, exhibits, museum professionals complements our knowledge of how museums functioned in the Communist period and their situation after 1989. The book includes discussions or memoirs by eleven people vital to Polish museology, who were connected with National Museums (in Cracow, Poznań and Wrocław), museum-residences (the Wawel Museum, the Royal Castle in Warsaw), specialised museums (the National Maritime Museum in Gdańsk, the Museum of Literature in Warsaw, the Jagiellonian University Museum), ethnographic museums (in Cracow and Toruń) and the Tatra Museum, which is an example of an important regional museum in Poland. Among the people are Zofia Gołubiew, Mariusz Hermansdofer, Jerzy Litwin, Janusz Odrowąż-Pieniążek, Jan Ostrowski, Andrzej Rottermund and Stanisław Waltoś. The book presents the image of Polish museology in a scattershot but interesting way. It also mentions more detailed aspects, such as how particular museums were founded or developed in the Communist period, and the individual role of museum professionals in founding and developing the establishments they managed. However, the most attention is paid to issues regarding the state of museums after 1989. The most important of these include the contemporary functions and tasks of those establishments and the challenges they will face in the future, and the role of a musealium and its place in a contemporary museum. The observations regarding internal changes in museum institutions, in the “master-disciple” relation in the past and today, the appearance of new specialities, and the change of their status and role in institutions (for example, of people responsible for education) are also noteworthy. Another significant thread is the discussion on the definition of a “museum professional” and which museum employees may use this title.

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Engels, Gregor, Reiko Heckel, Gabriele Taentzer y Hartmut Ehrig. "A Combined Reference Model- and View-Based Approach to System Specification". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 07, n.º 04 (diciembre de 1997): 457–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194097000266.

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The idea of a combined reference model- and view-based specification approach has been proposed recently in the software engineering community. In this paper we present a specification technique based on graph transformations which supports such a development approach. The use of graphs and graph transformations supports an intuitive understanding and an integration of static and dynamic aspects on a well-defined semantical base. On this background, formal notions of view and view relation are developed and the behaviour of views is described by a loose semantics. The integration of two views derived from a common reference model is done in two steps. First, dependencies between the views which are not given by the reference model are determined, and the reference model is extended appropriately. This is the task of a model manager. If the two views and the reference model are consistent, the actual view integration can be performed automatically. For the case of more than two views more general scenarios are developed and discussed. All concepts and results are illustrated at the well-known example of a banking system.

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Politis, Vasilis. "Plato’s Geach Talks to Socrates: Definition by Example-and-Exemplar in the Hippias Major". Phronesis 63, n.º 3 (23 de mayo de 2018): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685284-12341349.

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Abstract The paper argues that Plato, in the Hippias Major gives due consideration to the question whether, for some qualities F, such as beauty, it is possible to give an account of what F is by pointing to an example-and-exemplar. He takes seriously, and gives cogent reasons in defense of, an affirmative answer to this question in a manner comparable to Geach—although he argues that these reasons lead to inconsistency, if combined with the view that it is possible to make comparisons in regard to F among significantly different examples-and-exemplars of a thing that is F.

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Chen, Ze-Sen, Xuan Wu, Qing-Guo Chen, Yao Hu y Min-Ling Zhang. "Multi-View Partial Multi-Label Learning with Graph-Based Disambiguation". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n.º 04 (3 de abril de 2020): 3553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i04.5761.

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In multi-view multi-label learning (MVML), each training example is represented by different feature vectors and associated with multiple labels simultaneously. Nonetheless, the labeling quality of training examples is tend to be affected by annotation noises. In this paper, the problem of multi-view partial multi-label learning (MVPML) is studied, where the set of associated labels are assumed to be candidate ones and only partially valid. To solve the MVPML problem, a two-stage graph-based disambiguation approach is proposed. Firstly, the ground-truth labels of each training example are estimated by disambiguating the candidate labels with fused similarity graph. After that, the predictive model for each label is learned from embedding features generated from disambiguation-guided clustering analysis. Extensive experimental studies clearly validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in solving the MVPML problem.

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Weismer, Gary. "Speech Science: Technique, Concept, Theory". Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders 23, n.º 1 (julio de 2013): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ssod23.1.6.

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The purpose of this paper is to outline a history and a possible future of speech science as a discipline. Two major and sometimes opposing views of speech science are discussed. One view is inspired by Stetson's work, and holds that study of speech movements is most likely to reveal the essentials of speech motor control. The other view regards the speech acoustic signal as part of the control mechanism; in this view, movements and the signals produced by them are intertwined as part of the control mechanism. The importance of understanding these two views of speech science is in the application of speech science skills to clinical disorders of speech motor control. The paper uses motor speech disorders as an example of how the two views can be joined empirically and theoretically for a maximally productive application of speech science to an understanding of disorders of speech motor control.

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Филиппова y T. Filippova. "Formation of Value-Semantic Competences As the Basis of World-View (by the Example of Educational Area «History»)". Profession-Oriented School 4, n.º 2 (18 de abril de 2016): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19626.

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The importance of value-semantic competences formation in the course of history studying is justifi ed. The necessity of formation of accurate understanding of the role and the place of historical knowledge in the process of world-view formation is specifi ed. As a result of research the pedagogical conditions of value-semantic competences formation in the course of history are revealed. Formation technologies are considered.

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Ramirez Rios, Sacnite, Anaelle Torres, Hélène Diemer, Véronique Collin-Faure, Sarah Cianférani, Laurence Lafanechère y Thierry Rabilloud. "A proteomic-informed view of the changes induced by loss of cellular adherence: The example of mouse macrophages". PLOS ONE 16, n.º 5 (28 de mayo de 2021): e0252450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252450.

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Except cells circulating in the bloodstream, most cells in vertebrates are adherent. Studying the repercussions of adherence per se in cell physiology is thus very difficult to carry out, although it plays an important role in cancer biology, e.g. in the metastasis process. In order to study how adherence impacts major cell functions, we used a murine macrophage cell line. Opposite to the monocyte/macrophage system, where adherence is associated with the acquisition of differentiated functions, these cells can be grown in both adherent or suspension conditions without altering their differentiated functions (phagocytosis and inflammation signaling). We used a proteomic approach to cover a large panel of proteins potentially modified by the adherence status. Targeted experiments were carried out to validate the proteomic results, e.g. on metabolic enzymes, mitochondrial and cytoskeletal proteins. The mitochondrial activity was increased in non-adherent cells compared with adherent cells, without differences in glucose consumption. Concerning the cytoskeleton, a rearrangement of the actin organization (filopodia vs sub-cortical network) and of the microtubule network were observed between adherent and non-adherent cells. Taken together, these data show the mechanisms at play for the modification of the cytoskeleton and also modifications of the metabolic activity between adherent and non-adherent cells.

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Ali Bahrami, Hamzeh y Razieh Sadat Seyed Khorasani. "Validation of the Interpretative Narrations of the Alternative Tribe (verse 54 sura Ma'edah) with Emphasis on Fakhr-Razi's Perspective". International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 5, n.º 3 (18 de diciembre de 2019): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v5i3.1202.

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One of the most challenging verses of the Quran is the verse 54 of Sura Ma’edah. This verse is about coming of an alternative nation of apostates. Fakhr-Razi, introducing Abu Bakr as the only example of the verse, considers this verse to be the most compelling reason to prove his righteousness and tries to consolidate his view by other narrations. This descriptive-analytic study, focusing on the Fakhr-Razi’s view, first presents the five general views and arguments of each group regarding alternative tribe, then by validating documents of the traditions based on ‘Ammeh ( Sunni ) sources, proves that their narrational reasons are not authentic. Eventually, it will be proved that the first instance of the verse is Imam Ali (as) and his true companions, and the final example of the verse is Imam Zaman (AS) – may God hasten his reappearance- and his companions.

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Jakab, Zoltán. "Overlooking the resources of functionalism?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, n.º 6 (diciembre de 1999): 957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x9936221x.

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Although the author's critical view of functionalism has a considerable intuitive pull, his argument based on the color room scenario does not work. Functionalism and other relational views of the mind are capable of providing coherent accounts of conscious experience that meet the challenge set up by the “color room argument.” A simple example of such an account is presented.

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Sivakov, Dmitry, Yury Truntsevsky, Roman Osokin, Sergey Belyasov y Oleg Karpovich. "The fate of groundwater: a lawyer’s point of view". E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 12004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124412004.

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The study of the provisions of various branches of Russian law and practice of law enforcement (judicial), which in different ways express the complex legal status of subterranean water bodies. During the study process of the considered question the following general and private methods of scientific cognition of the real and objective reality were applied: dialectical, logical and legal, statistical, system analysis, specific sociological, and professional methods of research. The peculiarity of the authors’ methodology is the use of data of natural science, as well as data of economic or technical properties, based on which legal ideas are developed. The comparative legal method of research is applied. The authors have analyzed, summarized, and synthesized the main approaches to the legal regulation of relations concerning groundwaters. The main provisions and proposals are compared with the domestic legislation and European Union law, its individual members (for example, Croatia). The example of the law of the state of Texas USA is given. Step by step, the legal status for the use and protection of subterranean water bodies has evolved into a qualitatively new phenomenon that absorbs all previous legal approaches and principles.

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Perrin, James M. y Charles J. Homer. "Leadership by Example: The Institute of Medicine's View of How Federal Health Care Programs Can Improve Quality of Care". Ambulatory Pediatrics 3, n.º 4 (julio de 2003): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1367/1539-4409(2003)003<0162:lbetio>2.0.co;2.

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Augustyn, Sławomir. "Crew – Spacecraft – Environment Anthropotechnical System in View of Engineering Systems". Research Works of Air Force Institute of Technology 41, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2018): 93–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afit-2018-0004.

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Abstract The publication describes an example of the anthropotechnical system (crew-spacecraft-environment) in view of engineering systems, which enables to shape their dependability by simultaneously ensuring the safety of space flight operations and more economical operations. Further research on developing the anthropotechnical system should involve the implementation of the elements of artificial intelligence based on expert systems or artificial neural networks.

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Fitzpatrick, Sheila. "Revisionism in Retrospect: A Personal View". Slavic Review 67, n.º 3 (2008): 682–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27652945.

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This is a participant's account of the movement in Soviet history during the 1970s and 1980s known as “revisionism,” which Sheila Fitzpatrick understands as an iconoclastic challenge by social historians to the dominance in Sovietology of political scientists and the totalitarian model. Particular attention is paid to the debates on the nature of Stalinism, which in the context of the Cold War became highly politicized and bitterly polemical, as well as to internal arguments: for example, between Marxists and non-Marxists and between first- and second-generation revisionists. Revisionists’ early interest in questions of social support and later focus on resistance is discussed. The essay offers an assessment of the intellectual and historiographical contribution of revisionism, including an appreciation of contingency, a new approach to power and the interplay of government and society, new standards of historical professionalism, and an emphasis on archives and primary sources. Finally, a line of continuity between revisionism and its 1990s challenger, “post-revisionism,” is suggested. Comments are provided by Robert V Daniels, J. Arch Getty, Elena A. Osokina, and Jochen Hellbeck.

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Szymaniec-Mlicka, Karolina. "Impact of strategic orientation adopted by an organisation on its performance, as shown on the example of public healthcare entities". Management 20, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2016): 278–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/manment-2015-0065.

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Summary The resource-based view has an established position in the strategic management of a public organisation. However, it is not given much attention in the area of public governance, focusing instead on analysing the impact of a single resource on an organisation’s performance. This article attempts to fill this gap by analysing the impact of strategic orientation adopted by an organisation on its performance. In addition, the analysis also covers the impact of the approach to stakeholder relations management adopted by an organisation on its performance. Studies were conducted on public healthcare entities, using a survey questionnaire and quantitative methods. The obtained results indicate that a resource-based view to strategic thinking has an impact on an organisation’s performance (negative correlation). A positive correlation, on the other hand, exists between the approach to stakeholder relations management adopted by an organisation and its performance.

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Avdeeva, Marina G. "Semi-third-day fever in view of modern medicine". Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 25, n.º 4 (5 de abril de 2021): 192–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid61023.

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It is difficult for a modern doctor who relies on a wide range of laboratory diagnostic capabilities to imagine the path of mistakes, insights and delusions traveled by doctors of the past. How exactly through clinical observation the disease was observed. The archival article Half-tree-day fever published in the journal is an example of a clinical and epidemic description of an outbreak of an acute infectious disease, the etiology of which remains unknown. The more interesting are the distinguishing issues of differential diagnostics.

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OTSUKA, MICHAEL y ALEX VOORHOEVE. "Reply to Crisp". Utilitas 23, n.º 1 (15 de febrero de 2011): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095382081000049x.

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We are grateful for, but unconvinced by, Roger Crisp's defence of the Priority View against our critique. In this reply, we show that Crisp fails to grapple with, much less defeat, the central claim of our critique. We also show that an example that Crisp offers in support of the Priority View in fact lends support to our critique of that view.

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Isenberg, H. D. "Pathogenicity and virulence: another view." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 1, n.º 1 (enero de 1988): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.1.1.40.

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The concepts of pathogenicity and virulence have governed our perception of microbial harmfulness since the time of Pasteur and Koch. These concepts resulted in the recognition and identification of numerous etiological agents and provided natural and synthetic agents effective in therapy and prevention of diseases. However, Koch's postulates--the premier product of this view--place the onus of harmfulness solely on the microbial world. Our recent experiences with polymicrobic and nosocomial infections, legionellosis, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome point to the host as the major determinant of disease. The principles of parasitism, enunciated by Theobold Smith, approximate more accurately the disturbances of the host-parasite equilibrium we designate as infection. Many complex attributes of microbial anatomy and physiology have been obscured by our dependency on the pure-culture technique. For example, bacterial attachment organelles and the production of exopolysaccharides enable microorganisms to interact with mammalian glycocalyces and specific receptors. In addition, selection, through the use of therapeutic agents, aids in the progression of environmental organisms to members of the intimate human biosphere, with the potential to complicate the recovery of patients. These factors emphasize further the pivotal significance of host reactions in infections. Parasitism, in its negative aspects, explains the emergence of "new" infections that involve harm to more than host organs and cells: we may encounter subtler infections that reveal parasitic and host cell nucleic acid interactions in a form of genomic parasitism.

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Turner, David G. "An eclectic view of our Milky Way galaxy". Canadian Journal of Physics 92, n.º 9 (septiembre de 2014): 959–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2013-0429.

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The nature of our Milky Way galaxy is re-examined from an eclectic point of view. Evidence for a central bar, for example, is not reflected in the distribution of RR Lyrae variables in the central bulge (Majaess. Acta Astron. 60, 55 (2010); Dékány et al. arXiv:1309.5933. 2013), and it is not clear if either a 2-armed or 4-armed spiral pattern is appropriate for the spiral arms. Radial velocity mapping of the Galaxy using radio H I, H II, or CO observations is compromised by the assumptions adopted for simple Galactic rotation. The Sun’s local standard of rest (LSR) velocity is ∼14 km s−1 rather than 20 km s−1, the local circular velocity is 251 ± 9 km s−1 rather than 220 km s−1, and young groups of stars exhibit a 10–20 km s−1 “kick” relative to what is expected from Galactic rotation. By implication, the same may be true for star-forming gas clouds affected by the Galaxy’s spiral density wave, raising concerns about their use for mapping spiral arms. Proper motion data in conjunction with the newly-estimated velocity components for the Sun’s motion imply a distance to the Galactic centre of R0 = 8.34 ± 0.27 kpc, consistent with recent estimates, which average 8.24 ± 0.09 kpc. A cosinusoidal Galactic potential is not ruled out by observations of open star clusters. The planetary nebula cluster Bica 6, for example, has a near-escape orbit for a Newtonian potential, but a near-normal orbit in a cosinusoidal potential field. The nearby cluster Collinder 464 also displays unusually large tidal effects consistent with those expected for a cosinusoidal potential. A standard Newtonian version of the Virial theorem for star clusters yields very reasonable masses (∼3 × 1011 M⊙ and ∼4 × 1011 M⊙) for the Milky Way and M31 subgroups of the Local Group, respectively. A cosinusoidal relation should yield identical results.

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30

Van Laar, Jan A. "Argument Schemes from the Point of View of Hamblin’s Dialectic". Informal Logic 31, n.º 4 (30 de noviembre de 2011): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v31i4.3363.

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This paper aims at a normative account of non-deductive argumentation schemes in the spirit of Hamblin’s dialectical philosophy. First, three principles are presented that characterize Hamblin’s dialectical stance. Second, argumentation schemes, which have hardly been examined in Hamblin’s book Fallacies, shall be dealt with by applying these principles, taking an argumentation scheme from authority as the leading example. Third, a formal dialectical system, along the lines indicated by Hamblin, shall be developed that includes norms for using argumentation schemes and norms for responding to arguments that are presented as instantiating acceptable argumentation schemes.

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31

Białek, Zdzisław, Józef Gruszka, Tadeusz Karolczak y Tomasz Koch. "Distributed Enterprise from the supplier point of view on the example of WSM Krotoszyn". Human Systems Management 18, n.º 3-4 (29 de diciembre de 1999): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-1999-183-407.

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This paper addresses the methods, techniques and co-operation rules employed by the company WSM in its relations with its customers, in the frame of a distributed enterprise. These issues are mainly emphasised on an example of co-operation between WSM and Volvo. The MPS-95 system (Material Planning System 95) is presented and compared to previous co-operation rules between a supplier and a customer. The paper describes also systems for evaluation and analysis of the suppliers as well as training systems. The main attention will be focussed on the communication system in the frame of a distributed enterprise with its technical aspects on the example of Volvo’s EDI system.

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32

Maughan, David W. y Jim O. Vigoreaux. "An Integrated View of Insect Flight Muscle: Genes, Motor Molecules, and Motion". Physiology 14, n.º 3 (junio de 1999): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1999.14.3.87.

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Substituting an alanine for serine in the regulatory subunit of the motor protein myosin dramatically alters Drosophila's flight ability. Power output, at all levels of the flight system, is reduced. This example of deciphering a protein's function by producing malfunctions illustrates the broadening use of molecular genetics in integrative biology.

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Cassioli y Baldari. "A Ciliary View of the Immunological Synapse". Cells 8, n.º 8 (29 de julio de 2019): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8080789.

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The primary cilium has gone from being a vestigial organelle to a crucial signaling hub of growing interest given the association between a group of human disorders, collectively known as ciliopathies, and defects in its structure or function. In recent years many ciliogenesis proteins have been observed at extraciliary sites in cells and likely perform cilium-independent functions ranging from regulation of the cytoskeleton to vesicular trafficking. Perhaps the most striking example is the non-ciliated T lymphocyte, in which components of the ciliary machinery are repurposed for the assembly and function of the immunological synapse even in the absence of a primary cilium. Furthermore, the specialization traits described at the immunological synapse are similar to those seen in the primary cilium. Here, we review common regulators and features shared by the immunological synapse and the primary cilium that document the remarkable homology between these structures.

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Rosenthal, Cindy. "Antigone's Example: A View of the Living Theatre's Production, Process, and Praxis". Theatre Survey 41, n.º 1 (mayo de 2000): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557400004397.

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The Living Theatre is a metaphor for the sixties, its very name conjuring up the undulating movement, the pulsing flow, the argumentative spirit that characterized that time.At the center of the Living Theatre's production of Sophocles' Antigone, translator and director Judith Malina presented the verbal battle between the State/Authority/Patriarchal-figure, kreon (played by Living Theatre co-director Julian Beck), and the Individual/Disenfranchised/Woman, Antigone, (played by Malina herself). At performances of Antigone presented throughout Europe during the dynamic years of 1967 and 1968, spectators were meant to see with new eyes the incendiary struggles taking place outside the theatre. Following Antigone's example, they were meant to take on—individually—the political responsibility and the challenge, and to take part in revolutionary actions. Foregrounded onstage was the battle of the sexes, the battle of the generations, the fire in the belly of the cultural/sexual/political Zeitgeist.

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35

Glejtek, Miroslav. "Iconographic changes of ecclesiastic seals in the medieval Hungarian Kingdom (illustrated by the example of Spis chapter provosts)". Zograf, n.º 42 (2018): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zog1842055g.

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The study deals with the evolution of great seals used by provosts of the St. Martin?s Spis Collegiate Chapter in the medieval Hungarian Kingdom. A seal image used to be an important part of seals. From the iconographic point of view the most interesting are seals of clerical institutions and dignitaries. These items, containing a large number of depicted motifs, became an important source of research in the area of medieval iconography, hagiography, heraldry and the history of art in general. The study introduces the evolution and metamorphoses of motifs as they appeared on Spis provosts? seals during the thirteenth-fifteenth centuries.

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36

Rudinsky, Norma. "The Context of the Marxist-Leninist View of Slovak Literature 1945-1969". Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies, n.º 505 (1 de enero de 1986): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cbp.1986.99.

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This paper resulted from an attempt to explore factors determining or underlying the "Marxificalion" of Slovak literature after 1945-- an attempt motivated by a hunch that certain Marxisl-Leninisl principles had provided a different insight into Slovak literature from that provided by the liberal, democratic "aesthetic appreciation" school of criticism in prewar Czechoslovakia. The idea that Slovak literary criticism has thrived, relatively, since World War II is by no means new and was advanced, for example, by emigre crilics.

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Lee, Mo Yee. "A Small Act of Creativity: Fostering Creativity in Clinical Social Work Practice". Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 89, n.º 1 (enero de 2008): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.3705.

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A naturalistic view of creativity, as developed in scientific circles by those who adhere to quantum theory and chaos theory, suggests that the human mind is naturally creative and is made to create. Instead of utilizing extraordinary thinking process, a person creates by trying something new, seeing what happens, and responding accordingly (D. Bohm, 1998). This article explores the implications of a naturalistic view of creativity for clinical social work practice. The discussion examines useful treatment processes, primarily therapeutic conversations, which foster creativity in clients and families; a case example is included. Creating a context that fosters creativity in our clients requires professionals to revisit our attitude toward the unpredictable, perspectives about change, and views of client–social worker relationships.

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EBIHARA, TSUKASA, NIKOLAY MIRENKOV, MASAAKI NEMOTO y RIKIO NOMOTO. "FILMIFICATION OF METHODS AND AN EXAMPLE OF ITS APPLICATIONS". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 15, n.º 01 (febrero de 2005): 87–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194005001860.

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A user-oriented programming paradigm based on the "filmification" of methods is developed by the Active Knowledge Studio team at the University of Aizu. Within this paradigm, an algorithmic "cyberFilm" is a set of multimedia frames where different groups of frames represent different algorithmic features from multiple views. Because of the multiple views and multimedia, users can understand the algorithm correctly and easily. In this paper, an example of the filmification of methods is presented, related to cyberFilm frames of the thermal conduction problem solved with the Gauss-Jordan method. Through these frames, features of the algorithm are presented, and an essential compactness of an integrated view, considered as a visual program, is explained. Examples of program templates supporting the cyberFilm frames are also presented. Two types of program synthesis schemes supporting program synthesis are also described.

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D’mello, Sidney y Stan Franklin. "A cognitive model’s view of animal cognition". Current Zoology 57, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2011): 499–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/57.4.499.

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Abstract Although it is a relatively new field of study, the animal cognition literature is quite extensive and difficult to synthesize. This paper explores the contributions a comprehensive, computational, cognitive model can make toward organizing and assimilating this literature, as well as toward identifying important concepts and their interrelations. Using the LIDA model as an example, a framework is described within which to integrate the diverse research in animal cognition. Such a framework can provide both an ontology of concepts and their relations, and a working model of an animal’s cognitive processes that can compliment active empirical research. In addition to helping to account for a broad range of cognitive processes, such a model can help to comparatively assess the cognitive capabilities of different animal species. After deriving an ontology for animal cognition from the LIDA model, we apply it to develop the beginnings of a database that maps the cognitive facilities of a variety of animal species. We conclude by discussing future avenues of research, particularly the use of computational models of animal cognition as valuable tools for hypotheses generation and testing.

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40

Dai, Xiaofeng, Xuanhao Zhang y Peihua Lu. "Toward a holistic view of multiscale breast cancer molecular biomarkers". Biomarkers in Medicine 13, n.º 17 (diciembre de 2019): 1509–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2019-0143.

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Powered by rapid technology developments, biomarkers become increasingly diverse, including those detected at genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and cellular levels. While diverse sets of biomarkers have been utilized in breast cancer predisposition, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and management, recent additions derived from lincRNA, circular RNA, circulating DNA together with its methylated and hydroxymethylated forms and immune signatures are likely to further transform clinical practice. Here, we take breast cancer as an example of heterogeneous diseases that require many informed decisions from treatment to care to review the huge variety of biomarkers. By assessing the advantages and limitations of modern biomarkers in diverse use scenarios, this article outlines the prospects and challenges of releasing complimentary advantages by augmentation of multiscale molecular biomarkers.

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41

Han, Linfeng y Qian Tao. "Research on HPM Teaching Supported by Hawgent Dynamic Mathematics Software: Take “The Recognition of Circle” as an Example". Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 5, n.º 8 (30 de agosto de 2021): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v5i8.2453.

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History and Pedagogy of Mathematics (HPM) is one of the important research fields in mathematics education, which has received widespread attention from the mathematics education community because of its educational value. Modern mathematics education technology plays an important auxiliary role in mathematics teaching. Hawgent is a dynamic mathematics software that can present abstract mathematical knowledge visually and static mathematical knowledge dynamically. In view of this, this research takes “the recognition of circle” as an example to conduct a research on HPM teaching supported by Hawgent Dynamic Mathematics Software in three aspects: analyze the contents and uncover the history of mathematics, make the products and show the history of mathematics, design the teaching and integrate the history of Mathematics.

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42

von Glasow, Roland. "A look at the CLAW hypothesis from an atmospheric chemistry point of view". Environmental Chemistry 4, n.º 6 (2007): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en07064.

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Environmental context. Feedbacks in the climate system as suggested by, for example, the CLAW hypothesis have often been accepted as fact whereas many open questions remain. In this manuscript some of these uncertainties and their implications are discussed and additional processes that might drastically change the importance of this suggested feedback loop are highlighted.

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43

Golden, Isaac. "An Example of Issues of Editorial Bias Confronting Questioning Researchers". Homœopathic Links 29, n.º 02 (junio de 2016): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1582465.

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This brief review gives an example of how editorial decisions can influence material presented in medical journals, leaving readers with an incomplete and therefore misleading view of important medical issues. It also gives a possible window into bias against homeopathic practitioners by editors of medical journals.

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44

Егорова, Наталья, Natalya Egorova, Елена Макарова y Elena Makarova. "ANALYSIS OF THE TERRITORY BRAND PROMOTION EFFECTIVENESS IN SOCIAL NETWORKS (BY THE EXAMPLE OF FACEBOOK)". Russian Journal of Management 5, n.º 2 (25 de julio de 2017): 252–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_595370943a3591.40965337.

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In the study, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of Social Media Marketing as a tool for brand promotion territory from the point of view of increase brand awareness and brand appeal. As object of research has been chosen Nizhny Novgorod. The aim of the study is to develop recommendations on the use of SMM marketing tools in promoting territory brand. The subject of research is the city brand. To achieve objectives of this study, the authors used content analysis and survey, including field work. Groups, communities and pages dedicated to Nizhny Novgorod in Facebook were exposed to content analysis. For the analysis of the obtained data, the authors used the software package Excel and SPSS Statistics. Based on the collected data, the authors concluded that Social Media Marketing is an effective brand promotion tool. Social Media Marketing should be included in the territory promotion programme. This programme should be created by the city government. Interpreting the study results, it is necessary to take into account that using Facebook as a platform to promote the territory brand; the authors do not exclude the possibility of using other social networks to achieve the same objective.

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45

Bauer, Daniel, Daniela Bergmann y Rüdiger Kiesel. "On the Risk-Neutral Valuation of Life Insurance Contracts with Numerical Methods in View". ASTIN Bulletin 40, n.º 1 (mayo de 2010): 65–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.40.1.2049219.

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AbstractIn recent years, market-consistent valuation approaches have gained an increasing importance for insurance companies. This has triggered an increasing interest among practitioners and academics, and a number of specific studies on such valuation approaches have been published.In this paper, we present a generic model for the valuation of life insurance contracts and embedded options. Furthermore, we describe various numerical valuation approaches within our generic setup. We particularly focus on contracts containing early exercise features since these present (numerically) challenging valuation problems.Based on an example of participating life insurance contracts, we illustrate the different approaches and compare their efficiency in a simple and a generalized Black-Scholes setup, respectively. Moreover, we study the impact of the considered early exercise feature on our example contract and analyze the influence of model risk by additionally introducing an exponential Lévy model.

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46

Kaushik, R. y NK Sharma. "Current view on biomedical applications of synthetic metal-polymer nanocomposites". Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science 2, n.º 1 (4 de noviembre de 2014): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11422.

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Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology led several groups to recognize the promise of recruiting nanocomposities to the ongoing battle against pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and metal-polymer nanocomposites are a typical example. On the basis of recent literature, the nanocomposities are synthesized mainly by two techniques i.e. in-situ and ex-situ technique and these nanocomposities have great biomedical applications in terms of their antibacterial activity. A large battery of newly developed and discovered nanocomposities has been accumulating during the last decade. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11422 Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol. 2 (1):52-58

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47

Penner, J. E. "Misled by ‘Property’". Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 18, n.º 1 (enero de 2005): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0841820900005506.

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It is not untypical for arguments about the justice of taxation to be framed in the rhetoric of property, for example by equating taxation with the taking of property by the state, a form of expropriation. An important recent example is found in Murphy and Nagel’s book, The Myth of Ownership: Taxes and Justice. In this paper the author argues that the equation of taxation with expropriation is conceptually awry, and that, properly understood, justifications for property rights bear only tangentially on the justice of taxation. The author elaborates this view by discussing Murphy and Nagel’s general strategy when they attempt to justify taxation in the face of libertarian ‘pro-property’ arguments, in the particular case of the ‘saver’s argument’, i.e., the argument that taxation on the income from investments amounts to an unfair burden on savers.

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48

Lim, KyungTae, Jay Yoon Lee, Jaime Carbonell y Thierry Poibeau. "Semi-Supervised Learning on Meta Structure: Multi-Task Tagging and Parsing in Low-Resource Scenarios". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, n.º 05 (3 de abril de 2020): 8344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i05.6351.

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Multi-view learning makes use of diverse models arising from multiple sources of input or different feature subsets for the same task. For example, a given natural language processing task can combine evidence from models arising from character, morpheme, lexical, or phrasal views. The most common strategy with multi-view learning, especially popular in the neural network community, is to unify multiple representations into one unified vector through concatenation, averaging, or pooling, and then build a single-view model on top of the unified representation. As an alternative, we examine whether building one model per view and then unifying the different models can lead to improvements, especially in low-resource scenarios. More specifically, taking inspiration from co-training methods, we propose a semi-supervised learning approach based on multi-view models through consensus promotion, and investigate whether this improves overall performance. To test the multi-view hypothesis, we use moderately low-resource scenarios for nine languages and test the performance of the joint model for part-of-speech tagging and dependency parsing. The proposed model shows significant improvements across the test cases, with average gains of -0.9 ∼ +9.3 labeled attachment score (LAS) points. We also investigate the effect of unlabeled data on the proposed model by varying the amount of training data and by using different domains of unlabeled data.

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49

Valentina, Kardapoltseva. "Humanities in a technical institution of higher education (by the example of modern fiction)". Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal, n.º 4 (25 de junio de 2020): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-4-122-133.

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Introduction. Modern rapidly advancing society requires engineers to be active and creative when solving engineering problems, be able to overcome stereotypes being guided by the needs of growing and changing economic reality, which is due to the demands of times and essential condition of the 21st century engineer formation. Modern education should not only be significantly updated with the range of information technologies, but also be guided by the idea of the synthesis of scientific knowledge and humanities where fiction is of no small importance. Research aim is to integrate education and good breeding by means of fiction, form world view and need for personality rich in spirit, socially mobile with self-respect and able to fulfill personal abilities both in scientific and humanitarian directions. Methodology. Hermeneutical method has been applied to analyze fiction by various authors and to interpret such notions as plot, idea, problems, and imagery. Empirical method material has been the fiction of different countries important by research goal and some striking features identification and comprehension. Contextual method has made it possible to delve into the contents of the analyzed literature. Results. It has been proved that the world of fiction forms a citizen, a highly cultured person, promotes the development of heuristic thinking, aesthetic sense and ideals, extends the frontiers of engineering art and ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 4, 2020 133 ensures new grad’s adaptation in the conditions of economy and market relations. Fiction also promotes the formation of the students’ need in personal growth and assertiveness as an independent creator and a particular personality

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Lukovenkov, S. G. "Political Mission of University: A Retrospective View". Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 29, n.º 10 (15 de octubre de 2020): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-10-153-160.

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Academic3 space in its different manifestations has been taking an honorable position in social structure from the earliest stages of the history of human civilization by systematizing multitude experiences of both external and internal world of humankind. At the same time, educational landscape was formulating the different ways of how to theorize about and interact with the world. Simultaneously, there was always combating with the alternative systems and, what is more, this struggle wasn’t necessarily intellectual or polemical. Little has changed in how society perceives academy and its functions in the era of accomplished digital revolution, including its role as an instrument of surveillance and social sorting – these two important elements of power. In this article, an attempt is taken to comprehend University – and speaking broadly academic space as such – as a special kind of social and political field used to perform surveillance and social control. On the example of colonial colleges in the USA, this article examines how University may serve as a surveillance mechanism on the one hand and as a mean of cultural transformation on the other hand, and what conclusions can be made regarding the present and the future of University in the digital era.

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