Tesis: "Visual treatment"

1

Bossi, Manuela. "Amblyopia : assessment and treatment of binocular visual function". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10054824/.

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Unilateral amblyopia is a common neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by reduced acuity and contrast sensitivity in the amblyopic eye (AE) & by abnormal inter-ocular visual function, e.g. reduced stereoacuity; without a concomitant etiological dysfunction. Standard treatment consists of a period of optical correction followed, when necessary, by occlusion therapy. Although ~70% children gain vision, this monocular therapy is limited by poor compliance and uncertain impact on stereo-function. Recently, binocular treatments have attempted to “rebalance” vision, by adjusting the intensity of monocular visual inputs (enhancing usage to AE or reducing fellow-eye -FE- one), while stimulating binocular cortical interactions. We have developed a “Balanced Binocular Viewing” (BBV) treatment that has patients spend an hour per day at home watching modified movies while wearing 3D goggles (to control what each eye sees). Movies present a blurred image to the FE and a sharp image to the AE. Performance (compliance and binocular-imbalance) is monitored throughout treatment using the child’s performance on a game, played during movie playback. Two ‘ghost’-stimuli, each made of a mixture of luminance increment/decrement, were presented dichoptically (some visible only through goggles): we quantified the mixture required for the child to be equally likely to report either ghost as ‘whiter’. Treating children (N=22) for 8-24 weeks lead to significant improvement in the AE acuity (mean gain: 0.27 logMAR). This is comparable to results achieved with occlusion, but elicits much higher compliance (89% of prescribed daily dose). We also compared our measure of binocular-imbalance to others, also quantifying sensory eye-dominance, to assess any test’s suitability to complement clinical practice. Pilot data measured with adult and children, with and without amblyopia, suggest that a variant of the ’ghost’-game is a potentially useful and efficient stand-alone clinical test with the advantage of being suitable for unsupervised home-based monitoring of patient’s binocular status.

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2

Bayrak, Mahmut Emre. "Investigation Of Effect Of Visual Treatment On Elementary School Student". Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610012/index.pdf.

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The purposes of the study were to investigate the effects of visual treatment on students&rsquo
opinion in terms of thinking process and students&rsquo
opinion in terms of feelings in the spatial ability activities
to investigate the effects of visual treatment on student&rsquo
s spatial ability, spatial visualization and spatial orientation The study was conducted in Ankara with 21 sixth-grade elementary school students. One group pretest-posttest design was used. Two measuring instruments were utilized: Spatial Ability Test and Spatial Problem Attitude Scale. Spatial Ability Test, which was developed by Ekstrom, consists of paper folding and surface development tests measuring the spatial visualization ability and card rotation together with cube comparison tests measuring the spatial orientation ability. The tests were translated into Turkish by Delialioglu, (1996). Spatial Problem Attitude Scale was developed by researcher. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research using a mixed method design. The researcher conducted 9 interviews with nine 6th grade students from the same class. The students were asked their opinion about the visual treatment in terms of thinking process and feelings in the spatial ability activities. Additionally, the class was observed during their activity time that continued 10 weeks and five hours per week.In order to analyze the obtained data, Friedman and Wilcoxon tests as well as one-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance were used. To analyze data obtained from interviews, the phenomenographic method was used. The results of the study indicated that there was a statistically significant change in students&rsquo
spatial ability, spatial orientation and spatial visualization scores across three time periods (pre treatment, post treatment and retention). All three scores were significantly different from each other. Test scores were significantly higher immediately after the visual treatment than those before the treatment. The test scores one month later were significantly lower than those immediately after the treatment, but significantly higher than the scores before the treatment. The findings suggest that visual treatment has positive effects on students&rsquo
spatial cognitive process and their attitudes toward spatial ability problems. Selection of the appropriate visual treatment should be based on students&rsquo
needs and their cognitive development level for providing better learning environment

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3

Khatib, Yoemna. "A retrospective study comparing the Holdaway and Ricketts Visual Treatment Objectives (VTOs) to orthodontic treatment outcomes". The University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5791.

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Magister Chirurgiae Dentium - MChD (Orthodontics)
Traditionally orthodontic treatment planning was predominantly based on the dental occlusion without too much emphasis on and consideration for facial proportions and aesthetics. Predicting treatment outcomes has always been part of science. The ability to predict is important in other areas of science and medicine, and it is important in the treatment of orthodontic patients. Holdaway coined the term "visualized treatment objective" (VTO), to describe his predicted treatment outcome. Ricketts stated that all treatment planning constituted some sort of prediction. His prediction analysis allowed for forecast of the soft tissue profile which was based on the reactions of the skeletal and dental components due to orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the predicted outcomes of two popular VTO's, viz Ricketts and Holdaway, to the actual outcomes of adult patients. The complete Holdaway VTO and Ricketts VTO were done on each pre-treatment cephalogram using the space analysis values from the records. These VTOs predicted where the soft tissue profile (nose tip to chin) would be, in relation to the H-line and E-plane respectively. The posttreatment tracings were done. The two tracings for each patient were then superimposed.

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4

謝敏儀 y Mun-yee Mimi Tse. "The use of visual stimulation in pain management". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31244841.

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5

Clark, Susan Matthews. "Temperature Biofeedback and Visual Imagery in the Treatment of Migraine Headaches". Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331412/.

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After an initial four week baseline period, during which headache activity and medication consumption were monitored, 28 migraineurs were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: (a) the biofeedback temperature warming group, (b) the visual imagery group, (c) the combined treatment group, or (d) the comparison group. All four groups continued to monitor their headache activity and medication consumption during the eight week treatment period and the eight week follow-up period. A two way analysis of variance computed on groups over time indicated a significant decrease in headache activity and medication consumption. During the follow-up period (a) the combined treatment group had significantly fewer headaches than the biofeedback group or the comparison group and (b) the visual imagery group and the combined treatment group had significantly fewer headache hours than the biofeedback group or the comparison group. These results do not appear to be attributable to differences between groups on the amount of time spent in home practice or subjective ratings of relaxation. There was no consistent relationship between increases in finger temperature and headache activity improvement. Decreases in powerful other scores, as measured by the Health Attribution Test, and increases in subjective ratings of internal control were consistent with a reduction in headache activity and medication consumption.

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6

Dundon, Neil Michael <1984&gt. "Residual function, spontaneous reorganisation and treatment plasticity in homonymous visual field defects". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6872/.

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This thesis will focus on the residual function and visual and attentional deficits in human patients, which accompany damage to the visual cortex or its thalamic afferents, and plastic changes, which follow it. In particular, I will focus on homonymous visual field defects, which comprise a broad set of central disorders of vision. I will present experimental evidence that when the primary visual pathway is completely damaged, the only signal that can be implicitly processed via subcortical visual networks is fear. I will also present data showing that in a patient with relative deafferentation of visual cortex, changes in the spatial tuning and response gain of the contralesional and ipsilesional cortex are observed, which are accompanied by changes in functional connectivity with regions belonging to the dorsal attentional network and the default mode network. I will also discuss how cortical plasticity might be harnessed to improve recovery through novel treatments. Moreover, I will show how treatment interventions aimed at recruiting spared subcortical pathway supporting multisensory orienting can drive network level change.

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7

Mental, Rebecca Lyn Mental. "Using Realistic Visual Biofeedback for the Treatment of Residual Speech Sound Errors". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case152303105596537.

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8

Mishra, Eleanor Kate. "Assessment and treatment of malignant pleural effusions : visual analogue scale, ultrasound and drainage". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d1121dbf-5568-47a6-bfed-8526a481c6ca.

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This thesis consists of 3 studies: 1. Determination of the minimal important difference (MID) of the visual analogue scale for dyspnoea (VASD): Determining the MID of the VASD is essential to interpret the results of trials in patients with malignant pleural effusions (MPEs). Patients undergoing a pleural procedure assessed the change in their VASD and the degree of change in their symptoms on a Likert scale. The mean VASD in patients experiencing a ‘small but just worthwhile’ decrease in their symptoms is the MID for the VASD and was found to be 22mm (95% CI 16 - 27mm). 2. Development of a thoracic ultrasound septation score (TUSS): A TUSS is important for objectively assessing the degree of septation within a pleural effusion. An iterative process was used to demonstrate that degree of septation predicts clinical outcome, to identify candidate factors for inclusion in a TUSS and to determine which factors predicted the degree of septation. The final TUSS consisted of an assessment of the degree of homogeneity of septation distribution and number of septations at the most septated area. 3. Effect of an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) versus standard care for relieving dyspnoea in patients with MPEs: the TIME2 randomised controlled trial (RCT). The objective of this unblinded RCT was to determine whether IPCs are more effective than chest drains and talc pleurodesis at relieving dyspnoea in patients with MPEs. 106 patients were randomised to either IPC or standard care in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was daily VASD over 42 days post intervention. Dyspnoea improved in both groups with no significant difference in mean dyspnoea in the first 42 days (mean score: IPC 25mm (95% CI 19 – 30), standard care 24mm (95% CI 19 – 29)).

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9

Rogers, Susan. "Neurolinguistic Programming Treatment of Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder". DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6035.

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The goal of the study was to determine the effect of the neurolinguistic programming procedure of visual-kinesthetic dissociation on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in a sample of Vietnam combat veterans. Thirty-eight veterans in a Veterans Administration treatment program were given three sessions of either visual-kinesthetic dissociation or regular program activities. Overall post-traumatic symptoms, re-experiencing symptoms, and amount of sleep were measured before and after treatment and at a three month follow-up. Results indicated that the treatment program itself had no significant effect on symptoms measured, nor did the addition of visual-kinesthetic dissociation provide any incremental symptom relief.

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10

Chen, Sean Ingram. "The patterns of visual loss and recovery in childhood amblyopia : a prospective, longitudinal treatment study". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431730.

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11

Vitiello, Petri. "Use of performance predictors in visual analytics". Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12542.

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Visual Analytics is a multi-disciplinary field that uses interactive visualisations to promote and assist the analytic reasoning and generate insights. Understanding the perceptual and cognitive factors is key to the progress in this field. This research focuses on understanding the benefits of interaction in terms of insight generation Moreover, this investigation explores the compounding effects individual differences have with interaction when analysing data to generate insights. This study investigated the individual differences in two sets; psychometric set measures, and a sensorial preferences multimodal learning style. Interaction was analysed from an information visualisation perspective, exploring the Visual Mapping and View Transformation interaction, by isolating interaction as an independent variable. Moreover, the View Transformation experiment used two different visual representations 2D and 3D. Additionally, the individual differences were analysed using the aptitude-by-treatment interaction (ATI) methodology. The ATI approach enabled the assessment of the performance gains in terms of insight generation according to pre-defined set levels of individual differences measures. This thesis confirms the benefits of interaction in generating more insights and increasing their accuracy, whilst facilitating the generation of insights requiring lower mental effort. Further, the results show significant conjoint effects between interaction and individual differences. Furthermore this research revealed a performance difference between 2D and 3D visual representation in the serious game problem solving context. Overall, this thesis provides tangible proof that both visual mapping and view transformation interaction are beneficial to visual analytics in generating insights. Strengthening the view that interaction with the problem-set improves understanding, and the number of insights gleaned into the problem and that more research into the use of individual differences, as a performance predictor in Visual Analytics is beneficial.

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12

Bergqvist, Erica. "En studie om personer med synnedsättning ur ett genusperspektiv". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42973.

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The purpose of my study is to investigate the treatment of individuals with a visual impairment in their work and studies based on constructs of femininity and masculinity. The method used in this study is qualitative, and it is a study based on interviews in which 7 informants with a visual impairment who have been interviewed as it is their perceived experiences that are the focus area of the study. The results that I have obtained in my study are that people with a visual impairment are treated differently by the environment and it depends on the gender to which one belongs, and in this study I have also concluded that the environmental assessments of the ability to work and learning ability of the visually impaired vary depending on the gender. This study shows how people with a visual impairment are assessed on the basis of their visual impairment, and not on the basis of their qualifications or competences in the work they have applied for or are working with. However, as these people become marginalized in the labor market, it is difficult for them to become involved in society, based on the perspective of the visually impaired, you feel that the environment assesses one's ability to work or learning ability before you even have the opportunity to show what you are able to do. This is assessed on the basis of the ignorance, fears and misunderstandings that society likes to attach to people with a visual impairment.

2021-06-16

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13

Msiska, Mwawi Fred. "A visual programming environment for authoring ASD therapy tools". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17939.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: 3D virtual environments can be used as therapy tools in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs); however, the development of such tools is time-consuming. A 3D virtual environment development platform for such tools has been developed specifically for the South African context, because of the language and culture sensitivity of these therapy tools. The 3D virtual environment development platform has a Lua scripting interface for specifying logic in the virtual environments. Lua is a textual programming language, and presents a challenge to ASDs therapists’ ability to create therapy tools without engaging an expert programmer. The aim of this research was to investigate the design and implementation of a visual programming environment to support non-expert programmers in scripting within the 3D virtual environment development platform. Various visual program representation techniques, reported in the literature, were examined to determine their appropriateness for adoption in our design. A visual programming language based on the “building-block” approach was considered the most suitable. The research resulted in the development of a visual script editor (VSE), based on an open source framework called the OpenBlocks library. The VSE successfully alleviated the syntax burden that textual programming languages place on non-expert programmers. The fitness of purpose of our VSE was exemplified in a sample 3D virtual environment that was scripted using the VSE. Despite the success, we argue that the applicability of the “building-block” approach is limited to domain-specific programming languages due to the absence of visual expressions for defining user-defined types, and for specifying hierarchy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming

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14

Alsarheed, Maha. "Barriers towards the provision of orthodontic treatment for visual or hearing impaired children in Saudi Arabia (Riyadh)". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391262.

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15

Chakuroff, Carolyn. "The effect of complement factor H Y402H polymorphism on visual outcomes after anti-VEGF treatment of exudative AMD". The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543346415979437.

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16

Attard, Angelica. "Art and adaptation to psychosis : art therapy as a treatment method, drawings as a research method". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6218/.

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This thesis comprises two research papers. The first is a systematic review which examines the effectiveness of Art Therapy (AT) for people with psychosis, and whether it is a suitable and meaningful intervention to them. A systematic search of the literature resulted in 16 articles which were critically reviewed. There was inconclusive evidence for the efficacy of AT due to the limited and poor quality research. However, AT was considered beneficial and meaningful by people with psychosis and art therapists. The use of AT for this population cannot be discounted though better quality research is needed to guide clinical practice. The second component is an empirical paper that explores the meaning of adaptation to First Episode of Psychosis (FEP), through creating images. Ten participants engaged in an interview where they created an image of their experience. The data were analysed through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and image analysis. Adaptation to FEP entailed challenges and growth as participants’ came to terms with FEP, reformed their life and re-evaluated their identity and place in the world. This research adds to the recovery and growth literature and highlights the benefits of visual research methods. Drawings produced powerful data which facilitated understanding of the phenomenon.

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17

Convey, Rachel Brooke. "Visual Feedback In Voice Therapy for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease". Scholarly Commons, 2019. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3657.

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Parkinson ’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects one’s movement. As the disease develops, individuals begin to present with symptoms that include but are not limited to bradykinesia, rigidity, tremors, and hypokinetic dysarthria. These symptoms affect a person’s entire body, including his/her voice. The Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) program for treating individuals with PD is supported by over twenty-five years of research. It is considered a safe, non-invasive method to improve vocal loudness and speech clarity in individuals with PD. However, simply because LSVT is effective in its current state, it does not mean that the protocol is the most efficient or effective it can be. One potential shortcoming of LSVT is that it does not provide patients with much, if any, visual feedback. We hypothesized that visual feedback would enable the client to more easily produce a voice characterized by increased loudness and vocal quality. The results of the study do not fully support this hypothesis. There was less variability in the client’s performance within each session during the experimental weeks the patients performance over the course of the week improved, this pattern was not observed during the non-experimental weeks. Additionally, the participant expressed preference for treatment days when the visual feedback was used, finding it helpful in more effectively regulating the volume of his voice.

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18

Taylor, Lisa. "A mixed methods study of the development and impact of a systematic treatment programme for visual field deficits following stroke". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426439.

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19

Jenner, Anton. "Visual and Narrative Texts of Chronic Illness: An exploration of the relationship between disease, the body, and the ontological assumptions inherent in medical treatment for hepatitis C". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology and Anthropology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/910.

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This thesis explores the argument that inherent in medical treatment interventions for chronic hepatitis C, there are certain implicit ontological assumptions about the relationship between the body, disease, and society. Focusing primarily on biomedical practices, it is argued that these assumptions might have a profound effect on the world-views of patients undergoing them. This in turn, might have far-reaching sociological implications. Using a methodology specifically developed for the purpose of explicating the ontological assumptions inherent in medical treatment, the visual and narrative texts produced by thirteen hepatitis C positive participants are examined. A deconstructive analytical approach is then applied to these texts as they relate to the treatment interventions pursued by participants. An exploration of the way participants engage with, negotiate, and/or resist the discourses and assumptions inherent in biomedicine, traditional Chinese medicine, and to some extent naturopathy, is conducted. Two broad ways in which the participants visualise the relationship between disease and their bodies, relating to treatment undertaken, are identified. The possible social implications of these are then suggested. The first, and predominant view, is aligned with biomedicine. The relationship between disease and the body is antagonistic in this view. It is suggested that this way of seeing might naturalise xenophobic attitudes and perpetuate social conflict. The marginal view is related to non-biomedical treatments for hepatitis C. The relationship in this case is the result of a negotiated accommodation with the disease. It is suggested that such a view might allow for non-resistant social tolerance of that which is perceived of as new and different. This qualitative study contributes to the body of knowledge in the field of the sociology of health and illness in two ways: Firstly, it proposes a methodology that may be taken up or adapted for future sociological research, and secondly, it suggests something of the social and political nature of treatment decisions made by people living with chronic hepatitis C.

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20

Hall, Leah Jean. "The effect of sound-based treatment as a home program on 10 children with sensory processing deficits and visual motor delays". The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407138678.

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21

Tikhonova, Svetlana. "A comparison of treatment choices when dental caries lesions are diagnosed with two visual-tactile systems the Nyvad and ICDAS II+LAA". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119555.

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Aim: The aim of this randomized cross-over study was to evaluate the reproducibility and differences in diagnostic and treatment outcomes by practicing dental clinicians previously inexperienced in using the Nyvad criteria and the ICDAS II criteria with Lesion Activity Assessment system (ICDAS II+LAA). Methods: Four volunteer dentists were randomly allocated to one of two groups. Both groups of dentists examined the same voluntary sample (n=140) of caries active young adults using the Nyvad and the ICDAS II+LAA criteria in different sequences. The first group used the Nyvad criteria during period I, followed by ICDAS II+LAA during period II; the second group did the examinations in the opposite sequence. Before the period 1 and 2 examinations, dentists from both groups were trained with the Nyvad or the ICDAS II+LAA criteria, depending on the group in which they were assigned. Results: Intra-examiner agreement for the severity diagnostic threshold was high for both diagnostic instruments (weighted Kappa 0.62-0.80). For the D1 (active) diagnostic threshold, the intra-examiner unweighted Kappa values were 0.31-0.61 for the ICDAS II+LAA and 0.36-0.51 for the Nyvad. The mean number of active non-cavitated carious lesions was significantly higher for the ICDAS II+LAA (6.14, SD±5.4) than for the Nyvad criteria (3.90, SD±3.9; p<0.0001). Active cavitated/dentinal carious lesions were significantly higher for the ICDAS II+LAA (4.14, SD±4.1) than for the Nyvad criteria (2.13, SD±3.1; p<0.0001). The mean number of operative treatment decisions per surface was 1.53 (95% CI 1.43-1.65) times higher for the ICDAS II+LAA than for the Nyvad. The mean number of non-operative treatment decisions was 1.59 (95% CI 1.51-1.68) times higher for the ICDAS II+LAA than for the Nyvad. Conclusion: Both the Nyvad and the ICDAS II+LAA diagnostic systems showed high reproducibility for the lesion severity assessment. The use of the ICDAS II+LAA diagnostic system may result in more treatment, both operative and non-operative in a high caries risk population. A long-term study is needed to determine the costs and health effects with both diagnostic systems. Trial registration: ISRCTN65592532.
Objectif: L'objectif de cette étude randomisée de type "crossover" était d'évaluer la reproductibilité et les différences dans la détermination des diagnostics et des traitements choisis, par des dentistes praticiens initialement inexpérimentés dans l'utilisation des critères Nyvad et des critères ICDAS II avec le système d'évaluation d'activité des lésions (ICDAS II + LAA). Méthodes: Quatre dentistes volontaires ont été répartis au hasard en deux groupes. Les deux groupes de dentistes ont examiné le même groupe volontaire de jeunes adultes (n = 140) ayant un risque élevé pour la carie dentaire, en utilisant les critères Nyvad et ICDAS II + LAA dans des séquences différentes. Le premier groupe a utilisé les critères Nyvad pendant la période I, suivie par ICDAS II + LAA pendant la période II ; le deuxième groupe a effectué les examens dans l'ordre inverse. Avant les périodes d'examens 1 et 2, les dentistes des deux groupes avaient été formés avec les critères Nyvad ou II ICDAS + LAA en fonction du groupe dans lequel ils avaient été affectés. Résultats:La concordance intra-examinateur pour le seuil de sévérité des diagnostics s'est avérée élevée pour les deux instruments de diagnostic (Kappa pondéré de 0.62 à 0.80). Pour seuil de diagnostic de la D1 (active), des valeurs Kappa non pondérée intra-examinateur étaient de 0.31 à 0.61 pour le ICDAS II + LAA et de 0.36 à 0.51 pour le Nyvad. Le nombre moyen de lésions carieuses actives non-cavitaires était significativement plus élevé pour le ICDAS II + LAA (6.14, SD ± 5.4) que pour le Nyvad (3.90, SD ± 3.9, p <0.0001). Des lésions actives cavitaires/de la dentine, étaient significativement plus nombreuses pour le ICDAS II + LAA (4.14, SD ± 4.1) que pour le Nyvad (2.13, SD ± 3.1, p <0.0001). Le nombre moyen de décisions de traitement opératoire par surface était 1.53 fois (IC 95% 1.43 à 1.65) plus élevé pour le ICDAS II + LAA que pour le Nyvad. Le nombre moyen de décisions de traitement non opératoire était 1.59 fois (IC 95% 1.51 à 1.68) plus élevé pour le ICDAS II + LAA que pour le Nyvad. Conclusion: Les deux systèmes de diagnostic (Nyvad et ICDAS II + LAA) ont démontré une reproductibilité élevée pour l'évaluation de la sévérité des lésions. L'utilisation du système de diagnostic ICDAS II + LAA peut entraîner plus de décisions de traitements à la fois opératoires et non opératoires pour une population ayant un risque élevé pour la carie dentaire,. Une étude à long terme est nécessaire pour déterminer les coûts et les effets sur la santé, que pourrais avoir l'utilisation des deux systèmes de diagnostic. L'enregistrement des essais: ISRCTN65592532.

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22

Bergstrom, Angie. "Question of Bias: A Content Analysis of the Visual Coverage of the 2004 Presidential Campaign". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/714.

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This thesis focuses on the question of preferential treatment by U.S. national newsmagazines of presidential candidates in the 2004 election as evidenced by their visual coverage. Using content analysis, all the visual depictions of candidates George W. Bush and John Kerry were analyzed for 10 visual attributes to determine whether one had received better pictorial treatment. This study asked if the newsmagazines had printed greater amounts of visuals overall for one candidate and if one candidate's visuals were more or less positive than the other. The author concludes that more coverage was given to Bush over Kerry in a 60/40 ratio in all three magazines, and overall, the pictures published for each candidate were positive and neither candidate was given preferential treatment by any of the magazines. The newsmagazines were not deemed biased for publishing more visuals of Bush because, though more visuals were of the president during September, the newsmagazines published nearly equal numbers of visuals in October and November, often pairing them in layouts. The magazines were also not biased in their selection of visuals. All three tended to publish more positive or neutral visuals and rarely did any significantly differing patterns emerge to show that the editors favored one candidate over the other. Those attributes that did reach significance had weak associations. This study is a replication and a continuation of visual media content analyses of the 1984, 1988, and 1996 campaign coverage by Moriarty and Garramone (1986), Moriarty and Poppovich (1989), and Waldman and Devitt (1998) respectively. This research adds to the body of media bias and agenda-setting among newspapers and magazines and visual media.

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23

Finn, Cindy A. "Remediating behavior problems of young children : the impact of parent treatment acceptability and the efficacy of conjoint behavioral consultation and videotape therapy". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36768.

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The present study was an exploratory investigation of the efficacy and acceptability of a parent-teacher mediated intervention program for young boys demonstrating externalizing behavior problems. A primary purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of three indirect models of service delivery: a highly individualized behavioral consultation model (BC); group videotape therapy with minimal consultation (GVT); and a self-administered videotape therapy (VT) program. A second purpose was to investigate the acceptability and satisfaction with these programs as evaluated by parents. More specifically, the relationships between treatment acceptability and outcome as well as factors influencing parent treatment acceptability were examined. Thirty preschool and elementary school children, their parents, and teachers were assigned to one of three intervention conditions (BC, VT, and GVT). A total of 37 parents (29 mothers, 7 fathers, 1 grandmother) participated in the delivery of intervention services over an 8 to 10 week period. An A-B research design was used to analyze the effectiveness of consultation. Outcome variables included parent and teacher ratings of social skills and problem behaviors as well as direct observations. Results indicated that children's target behaviors improved from baseline to treatment in all three intervention conditions. Pretest and posttest parent treatment acceptability was assessed via rating scales, and at the end of the program parents also completed a satisfaction questionnaire. During the intervention phase, a brief semi-structured interview was used to assess parental perceptions of acceptability. High acceptability and satisfaction ratings were reported by parents in all three intervention conditions. There was partial support indicating a relationship between treatment effectiveness and acceptability but there was little evidence of an association between parental perceptions of problem-solving skill, parenting competence, an

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24

Campos, Marcio José da Silva. "Estudo da experiência de dor e do status imunológico em adultos e crianças durante duas fases do tratamento ortodôntico". Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2010. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3895.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A Dor é comumente relatada durante o tratamento ortodôntico, sendo proveniente da força aplicada aos dentes e de lesões traumáticas na mucosa bucal, onde a Imunoglobulina A secretora (sIgA) é a principal proteção e pode participar na manutenção da sua integridade. A dor pode aumentar o estresse psicológico, que relaciona-se com a alfa-amilase salivar. A intensidade da dor pode variar segundo a idade do paciente e sua motivação ao tratamento. O objetivo foi avaliar a intensidade de dor e sua relação com a motivação dos pacientes e com as concentrações salivares de sIgA e alfa-amilase, em adultos e crianças durante duas fases do tratamento ortodôntico. Vinte indivíduos (10 crianças e 10 adultos) responderam à um questionário de avaliação da motivação ao tratamento. Amostras de saliva foram coletadas e a intensidade de dor foi registrada diariamente, antes e após a colagem dos bráquetes e após a inserção do arco inicial. Apenas uma questão, relacionada à percepção da severidade da má oclusão, apresentou correlação com a intensidade de dor. Não houve diferença significante na intensidade de dor e na concentração sIgA entre adultos e crianças. De modo geral as crianças exibiram menor prevalência de dor, porém com maior intensidade. Houve uma tendência de correlação negativa entre a dor na mucosa bucal e a concentração de sIgA nas crianças, o que pode indicar a importância da sIgA na proteção da mucosa bucal. A concentração de alfa-amilase não teve correlação significante com a intensidade de dor, porém apresentou um aumento progressivo durante o período de avaliação, provavelmente devido ao estresse psicológico causado pela presença e ativação do aparelho fixo.
Pain is usually reported during orthodontic treatment. It comes from the strength applied to the teeth and traumatic lesions in the buccal mucosa, where secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is the main protection and plays a role in integrity maintenance. Pain can increase the psychological stress, which induces changes in salivary alpha amylase. Pain intensity can vary according to patient’s age and his/her motivation towards treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate pain intensity and its relation with patient’s motivation and salivary levels of slgA and alpha amylase, in adults and children, during two stages of orthodontic treatment. Twenty individuals (10 children and 10 adults) answered a questionnaire regarding their motivation towards treatment. Saliva samples were collected and pain intensity was evaluated on a daily basis, after and before the bonding of brackets and after the insertion of the initial arch. Only one question regarding the perception of malocclusion severity correlated with pain intensity. There was no significant difference in pain intensity and in slgA concentrations between adults and children. In general, pain prevalence in children was lower, yet reported pain was more intense. Pain in the buccal mucosa was negatively correlated with slgA concentrations in children, a finding that suggests a protective effect of slgA in the buccal mucosa. Although there was no significant correlation between the concentrations of alpha amylase and pain intensity, the levels of this enzyme increased during the evaluation period, probably due to the psychological stress caused by the presence and activation of the fixed braces.

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25

König, Simone Maria [Verfasser] y Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Schiefer. "Ein Vergleich von Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) - Sehzeichentafeln, einer 8-Positionen-Landoltring-Projektion und dem Freiburg Visual Acuity Test (FrACT) / Simone Maria König ; Betreuer: Ulrich Schiefer". Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1163397539/34.

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26

Sabienski, Lina. "Characterization of microplastics in wastewater". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-86249.

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This study aims to detect how many microplastics and what kind are released from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) Skebäck, in Örebro. The study was limited to the analysis of three filters with 50 μm mesh size and one filter with 300 μm mesh size. The samples were taken at different times, two in the fall of 2019 and one in the spring of 2020. Visual characterization was used for the quantification of microplastics, and a lower and upper bound was used. The lower bound represents particles that were deemed identifiable as plastic with high certainty, while the upper bound also includes particles that may have been microplastic. An additional ATR-FTIR analysis was performed on selected microplastics >300 μm. The presence of microplastics in the effluent from Skebäcks WWTP could be confirmed. The quantity of microplastics per m3 (MP/m3) trapped on the 50 μm filters were quantified in a range between 0 MP/m3 to 291 MP/m3 for the lower bound, and 72 MP/m3 to 435 MP/m3 for the upper bound. The 300 μm filter had considerably less microplastics than the 50 μm filter with 1.8 MP/m3. The quantification of fibers on the 50 μm filter and 300 μm filters was not possible due to high blank contaminations. According to the concentration of 63 MP/m3 of the lower bound count on the 50 μm filters and the amount of water flowing through Skebäck in 2019, 17 818 935 m3, 1.1 billion microplastic particles were released into Svartån that year. In comparison the highest value of the upper bound count, 435 MP/m3, gave a release of 7.7 billion microplastic particles. Using the concentration of the 300 μm filter 1.8 MP/m3, 32 million microplastics/year were released from Skebäck in 2019. The amount of spheres 50-300 μm released in the effluent from Skebäck was estimated to be 3.7 kg in 2019.

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27

Larsson, Victoria. "How Can a Not-thought-through Design for Cancer Therapy Software be Improved Through Thoughtful Interaction Design?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22312.

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By conducting interviews, prototyping and user tests this thesis aims to explore the question how not-thought-trough interaction design can be improved by implementing thoughtful interaction design. To explore this is a cancer therapy software presented and investigated with the intention to improve the current interface and user experience. The study presents findings based on the methods used that highlights the importance of interaction aesthetics and thoughtful interaction design when designing cancer therapy software. This is followed by the designer implementing improvements based on the feedback from the test subjects. The final results show that interaction aesthetics and thoughtful interaction design is of high importance in designing cancer therapy software.

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28

McKee, Justin. "A phase II randomised controlled trial of amiloride as a neuroprotective treatment in optic neuritis : studying in vivo neurodegeneration, neuroprotection and cortical plasticity after an inflammatory insult to the visual system". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:824ca36c-68ed-4b0c-90dc-925941ce9450.

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Basic science and early clinical trial evidence suggest the safe diuretic drug amiloride, may exert a neuroprotective effect in multiple sclerosis (MS) through blockade of the acid sensing ion channel. Neuroprotective treatments are a key unmet need in multiple sclerosis. Optic neuritis (ON) is a discrete CNS inflammatory event leading to neuro-axonal injury in the optic nerve and retina. The optic nerve is part of the visual system, one of the most functionally and structurally eloquent systems in the central nervous system, which affords a number of unique modalities to assess neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. The visual system can be classified into two parts, the anterior and posterior visual systems, which are defined by the lateral geniculate nucleus, where the two components synapse. The extent of neurodegeneration following ON in the anterior visual system can be imaged in vivo through scanning laser polarimetry (GDx) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The posterior visual system can be imaged by quantitative and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, giving insights into white matter structural integrity and cortical plasticity over time. Combining these modalities in a longitudinal study, allows assessment of the impact of neurodegeneration in the anterior visual system on neurodegeneration downstream in the posterior visual system and on changes in functional connectivity over time in the visual cortex. Furthermore, in the clinical trial setting the neuroprotective effect of any intervention both on direct anterior neurodegeneration and downstream processes can be assessed. The functional relevance of changes in all of these biomarkers can be tested through a number of visual measures, including low contrast visual acuity. In MS, the contribution of transsynaptic neurodegeneration to the global neuronal loss experienced by patients is an area of incomplete understanding. In addition, the role of the visual cortex, through neuroplasticity, in aiding visual recovery from optic neuritis, is unclear. To address these issues, this thesis reports the results of the first clinical trial of amiloride in ON, and shows that despite the pre- and early clinical evidence of neuroprotection of amiloride, no neuroprotective benefit was found. It goes on to explore reasons for this lack of effect including the finding of early retinal neurodegeneration in ON, and the need for early recruitment windows in the future. From there, it makes a detailed assessment of the longitudinal changes in retinal OCT for 12 months following ON, including a novel finding of the temporal evolution of inner nuclear layer swelling, previously reported only cross-sectionally. Next, for the first time macular retinal neurodegeneration is shown to influence diffusion tensor MRI derived measures of white matter integrity in the optic radiations, indicating transsynaptic neurodegeneration. Finally, longitudinal changes in resting state functional connectivity following ON are found in the visual system for the first time. The interaction between this cortical functional, retinal neurodegeneration and visual recovery is probed.

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29

Norrgren, Lisa y Hanna Swahnberg. "Investigating Prosocial Behavior: A Case Study of Littering in Laos". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131331.

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Using vignette experiments, this thesis examines individuals’ decision-making in various social dilemmas. A case study of littering behavior amongst university students in Lao People's Democratic Republic is used to investigate whether individual preferences are stable across littering dilemmas and other social dilemmas. This study further investigates if a visual prompt can encourage prosocial behavior in littering situations. The results show that behavior in social dilemmas is dependent on individual preferences. Additionally, the study finds little evidence that visual prompts could be used in order to efficiently decrease littering in Laos. However, a negative relationship is found between littering behavior and knowledge regarding the consequences of littering. These findings indicate that policy makers could use knowledge increasing campaigns in order to increase prosocial decision making regarding littering. Yet, further studies are needed in order to validate the results. Lastly, we also find differences in what influence littering behavior, depending on the item being littered.

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30

Marco, Pontus. "Design & optimization of modular tanksystems for vehicle wash facilities". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-79009.

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Clean and safe water is important for the well being of all organisms on earth. Therefore, it is important to reduce harmful emissions from industrial processes that use water in different ways. In vehicle washing processes, water is used in high-pressure processes, as a medium for detergents, and for rinsing of vehicles. The wastewater produced by these functions passes through a water reclamation system. A water reclamation system has two main functions, to produce reusable water to be used in future washing cycles, and to separate contaminants and purify the wastewater so it can be released back into the commercial grid. The reclamation system achieves this by using a combination of different water handling processes, these include: sludge tanks, an oil-water separator, a water reclamation unit, buffer tanks, and a water purification unit. The two components that stand for the more advanced cleaning processes are the water reclamation unit and the water purification unit. In this thesis, in collaboration with the company Westmatic, the water reclamation unit consists of cyclone separators that use centrifugal forces to separate heavy particles and ozone treatment to break up organic substances and combat bad odors. The Purification unit of choice is an electrocoagulation unit that, by a direct current, creates flocculants of impurities that rises to the surface and can be mechanically removed in a water volume inside the unit. This purification process is completely chemical-free thus making the process more environmentally friendly than other purification processes used in other circumstances. This master thesis aimed to develop a dynamic design tool for a modular solution of the different parts in the water reclamation system. This design tool uses specific user input to produce construction information for each instance. As an additional sub-aim, this design tool was linked with a computer-aided design program to produce parametric 3D models with underlying blueprints. This to produce a light solution, that has a short manufacturing time and that are highly customer adjusted. The first course of action was to mathematically define the complete water reclamation system and its components. These sections were described in a flowchart that shows how the different parts interact and operate. From the wash station, wastewater runs trough a course- and fine-sludge tank. From the fine sludge tank, the wastewater is directed in two different directions. Firstly, the water is pumped to the water reclamation unit and to one or multiple buffer tanks to finally be used in the wash station as reclaimed water. Secondly, the water travels to an oil separator, pump chamber, and water purification unit. In the purification unit, 99% of the inlet mass is directed out of the system as purified water. The remaining 1% is directed to a depot that acts like the end stage of the whole system. After all equations were defined and the design was related to the user-defined input flow the design tool was structured. The program of choice to house the design tool is Microsoft Excel. In this Excel document, a user interface with navigation was constructed and the intended user is directed through a series of input pages where input data is defined. This data is used in a normally hidden page where constructional dimensions are calculated. The constructional dimensions are displayed to the user on the second last page. At this stage the Excel document can be connected to a CAD program and 3D models with blueprints can be opened that depend on the output from the Excel file. Additionally, a pipe calculator is provided on the last page of the Excel document where pipe dimensions for different cases can be found. With this solution, glass fiber tanks are molded according to the resulting blueprints that are customer specific. In this way the solution is more adaptive and easier to handle. Additionally, the provided design tool enables an easier and more well-defined methodology when deriving the different needed volume and accompanied constructional dimensions for an arbitrary water reclamation system.

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31

Caldwell, Nicole. "Applied Use of Video Modeling in Educational and Clinical Settings: A Survey of Autism Professionals". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984262/.

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display deficits in communication and social interaction that can impact their ability to function in daily environments. To remediate these deficits, it is critical for professionals to use effective interventions. While there are many evidence-based practices (EBPs) identified for ASD (e.g., video modeling), the adoption of these EBPs may not occur automatically. Existing research suggests professionals have a generally favorable impression of video modeling. However, little research has examined opinions and applied use of video modeling, which was the purpose of the present study. Using survey methodology, data were collected from 510 professionals in various disciplines (e.g., special educators, speech-language pathologists [SLPs], and behavior analysts [BCBAs]). Data were analyzed primarily via factor analysis and multiple regression. Factor analysis was used to examine the underlying structure of the instrument, revealing two predominant factors: (1) interest in and (2) perceived accessibility of video modeling. Multiple regression was used to examine which demographic characteristics (e.g., age and years of experience) were associated with each factor. Results indicated that BCBAs and SLPs perceived video modeling as more accessible. In terms of interest, professionals who worked with preschool-aged students, who worked in a suburban location, and who had an extended family member with ASD showed higher interest in video modeling. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

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32

Devaux, Damien. "Le rôle de l'information visuelle dans la catégorisation émotionnelle au sein de deux psychopathologies". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF20030.

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Un contenu visuel flou peut-il être efficace pour traiter de l’information émotionnelle ? Récemment, les travaux psychologiques en traitement émotionnel de l’information visuelle font état d’un lien particulier avec l’information de basses fréquences spatiales (BFS), grossière et floue mais rapide, qui permettrait la transmission très rapide de signaux au système émotionnel par rapport à une information de hautes fréquences spatiales (HFS) plus complexe et détaillée. En outre, l’information BFS serait primordiale dans la détection d’un danger potentiel de l’environnement et par conséquent envers des émotions à valence négative. Ces deux types d’informations visuelles emprunteraient des voies neuronales différentes conduisant à une segmentation de cette information visuelle dans le cerveau. Au niveau psychopathologique, des troubles neurologiques comme la maladie de Gilles de la Tourette ou encore la dépression majeure résistante sont connues pour entraîner un déficit des interactions sociales pour lesquelles les traitements émotionnels sont indispensables. Les dysfonctionnements neurologiques et psychobiologiques accompagnant ces troubles impliquent des structures spécifiques et localisées en périphéries ou enfouies dans le cerveau liées à la dichotomie fonctionnelle de l’information visuelle. Un des moyens simples pour appréhender ces traitements est la catégorisation des visages émotionnels. Cette recherche a examiné au niveau théorique et appliqué dans quelle mesure l’information visuelle autrement appelée la résolution en fréquences spatiales (FS) jouerait un rôle dans la catégorisation des expressions faciales émotionnelles (EFEs). Ainsi tant au niveau de la détection visuelle de danger qu’au niveau de l’identification des EFEs dans la maladie Gilles de la Tourette et dans la dépression majeure résistante, nous avons étudié les réponses comportementales dans les premières étapes de décryptage de l’information visuelle convoyant des indices émotionnels. Une comparaison avec une population contrôle a permis de cerner plus précisément les effets d’un filtrage en FS dans les processus de catégorisation avec la prédiction d’un bénéfice à traiter des contenus flous (BFS) par rapport à des contenus détaillés (HFS) pour des EFEs problématiques à classer en fonction de la pathologie. Nos résultats ont suggéré une meilleure identification de certaines EFEs filtrées en BFS par rapport à celles filtrées en HFS ou résolues. Nos données empiriques ont été discutées dans la perspective d’une segmentation de l’information visuelle dans le cerveau sollicitant des circuits neuronaux spécifiques favorisant l’accès de l’information visuelle aux centres émotionnels. En regard des structures cérébrales impliquées et des activités neuronales connus dans les troubles étudiées, l’activité dopaminergique des neurones sollicités pourraient expliquées en partie nos données factuelles
What can be the efficiency of coarse scales in emotional information processing? Recently, psychological findings about emotional processing of visual information reported a particular link with low spatial frequencies (LSF), coarse and blurred but rapid, which might offer a very fast signal to emotional system compared to high spatial frequencies (HSF) more intricate and detailed. Plus, LSF information might be essential in danger detection and consequently in negative emotions classification. These two types of visual information would take different neural pathways driving to visual information segmentation in the brain. In psychopathological view, neurological disorders as Tourette syndrome or treatment-resistant depression are well known to produce social interaction troubles in which emotions are obligatory. Neurological and psychobiological dysfunctions belonging to these diseases implicate specific neural structures located at peripheral or inside the brain that are bind to functional dichotomy of visual information. One of the simplest ways to examine that processing is the categorization of emotion faces. This research has investigated according to theoretical and practical aspects the extent to which visual information or spatial frequency scaling (SF) might be implicated in categorization of emotional facial expressions (EFE). Thus, both in danger detection and EFE classification, among Tourette syndrome and treatment-resistant depression, we have studied behavioural responses during the first steps of visual information interpretation providing emotional cues. A comparison with healthy control population has given more precise effects of FS filtering in categorization processing with the hypothesis of a benefice to process coarse scales (LSF) compared to detailed signals (HSF) for the identification of difficult EFE in respect with the disorder. Our results have suggested a best identification of specific EFE filtered in LFS compared to HSF or intact images called broad spatial frequencies (BSF). Our empirical findings were argued in the perspective of visual information segmentation in the brain requesting specific neuronal circuits favouring visual information access to emotional complex. Given implicated brain areas and neuronal activities regarding studied disorders, dopaminergic innervation might explain our factual data

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Sandra, Jovanović. "Uloga inhibitora vaskularnog endotelnog faktora rasta u terapiji dijabetičnog makularnog edema". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Medicinski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=91828&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Dijabetesna retinopatija je među vodećim uzročnicima stečenog slepila, kako u razvijenim zemljama, tako i zemljama u razvoju. Dijabetesna retinopatija je jedna odnajčešćih komplikacija Dijabetes Mellitus-a. U sklopu dijabetesne retinopatije jedan od najranijih razloga koji dovodi do pada vidne oštrine je dijabetični makularni edem (DME). Pad vidne oštrine kod pacijenata sa dijabetesom narušava njihov kvalitet života i umanjuje radnu sposobnost. Dosadašnji oblik lečenja laserfotokoaguacijom makule, nije dao zadovoljavajuće rezultate. U novije vreme sve više je zastupljeno farmakološko lečenje edema koje podrazumeva intrvitrealnu aplikaciju lekova iz grupe inhibitora vaskularnog endotelnog faktora rasta (VEGF inhibitori), koji dovodi do stabilizacije zidova krvnih sudova. Cilj ove studije je da se ispita efikasnost lečenja DME uz pomoć intravitrealno aplikovanih lekova iz grupe inhibitora vaskularnog endotelnog faktora rasta u odnosu na konvencionalno do sada priznato lečenje laserfotokogulacijom makule. Efikasnost lečenja je procenjivana na dva načina: anatomski, na osnovu smanjenja centralne makularne debljine izražene u μm, merene metodom optičke koherentne tomografije, i funkcionalno, na osnovu poboljšanja vidne oštrine koja je izražavana u log MAR jedinicama. U ovoj prospektivnoj, randomiziranoj kliničkoj studiji sa minimumom praćenja od 6 meseci, u eksperimentalnoj grupi tretiran je 51 pacijent,odnosno 84 oka aplikacijom bevacizumaba (anti VEGF agens) u dozi od 1,25 mg, sa ili bez dodatnog laser tretmana. Uz prosečno 2,46 inekcije postignuta je prosečna redukcija centralne makularne debljine od 139,15 μm. Dobijene vrednosti su nakon svake aplikovane doze su značajno bolje u odnosu na početnu. Edemi sa većom centralnom makularnom debljinom su zahtevali tretman sa većim brojem inekcija. Kod većih edema je postignuta i veća redukcija centralne makularne debljine. U odnosu na vidnu oštrinu u eksperimentalnoj grupi postignuto je poboljšanje od 0,135 log MAR jedinica. Efekat lasera kao samostalne terapije u kontrolnoj grupi (50 pacijenata, 92 oka) nije bioznačajan ni u pogledu smanjenja centralne makularne debljine kao ni na osnovu poboljšnja vidne oštrine. Tretman bevacizumabom samostalno ili u kombinaciji sa laserom je efikasniji u tretmanu DME u odnosu na konvencionalni tretman laserfotokoaguacijom koji potvrđeno dovodi do stabilizacije stanja. Značaj ove studije je potvrda efikasnosti i bezbednosti jednog novog oblika lečenja koji samostalno ili u kombinaciji sa laser tretmanom predstavlja novi protokol lečenja dijabetičnog makularnog edema.
Diabetic retinopathy is among the leading causes of acquired blindness in developed countries, as well as in developing countries. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most frequent Diabetes Mellitus complications. Within diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the earliest causes of the loss of visual acuity. Impaired vision causes decline in life quality in diabetic patients and it decreases theirworking ability. Up to this date, laser photocoagulation treatment has not givensatisfactory results. Recently, new promising treatment forms have emerged, including the intravitreal application of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF inhibitors), which lead to stabilization of the vessel wall. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of DME treatment consisting of intravitreal VEGF inhibitor application alone or as a part of combined treatment (intravitreal VEGF inhibitor plus laser photocoagulation) compared with conventional laser treatment alone. The effect of treatment was evaluated according to morphological parameters by measuring central macular thickness (CMT) in μm with optical coherence tomography, and according to functional parameter by visual acuity in log MAR scale. In this prospective randomized clinical trial, with minimum follow up of 6 months, in experimental group 51 patient, or 84 eyes were treated with bevacizumab (VEGF inhibitor) in 1.25 mg dosage, alone or in combination with laser. The mean reduction in was 139.15 μm, which was achieved with 2.46 doses on average. The difference between the final and initial CMT values after each dos age was tatistically significant.Edemas with high central macular thickness required high number of intravitealaplicatons and the reduction was higher. In our study, mean visual acuity improved significantly in 0.135 log MAR. In control group (50 patient, 92 eyes) treated with laserphotocolagulation alone, the effect on visual acuity and central acular thickness was not statistically significant. The treatment with bevacizumab alone or in combinedtreatment is more effective in treating DME than conventional macular laser treatment alone, from both - anatomical and functional perspective. The importance of this study is confirmation of the efficacy and safety of a new form of treatment and the introduction of a new protocol for the treatment of diabetic macular edema.

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Downing, Jacqueline Victoria. "The effects of age, illumination, and anti-glare treatments on visual task performance and perceived image quality with VDTs". Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54347.

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This dissertation investigated the effects of age on performance and image quality rating while varying screen surface treatment, ambient lighting, and character resolution. Five age groups were included, ranging from 18 to 69 years of age. The study used a factorial design to vary seven surface treatments which either reduced glare, enhanced contrast, or both; three lighting conditions, dark, diffuse, and specular; and two character resolutions, high and low, subtending visual angles of 16.1 arcmin. and 32.2 arcmin. respectively. Performance was measured using both a speed of reading task and a search task. In addition, subjects rated the image quality of displayed characters within each filter, lighting, resolution condition using a list of nine adjectives. Results showed performance times to increase with age. The older age groups (40-49, 50-59, 60-69) performed better with the quarterwave filter, which enhanced contrast and reduced glare, and most poorly with the filters with the harshest etch (Gloss25) and the lowest transmission (31%). Performance was significantly slower for specular and dark lighting. A finding consistent with previous research indicated that extremely high luminance contrast degrades performance with low room illumination. Finally, for all conditions in which resolution was a factor performance was fastest and ratings were highest with the low resolution characters.
Ph. D.

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Ferreira, Gabriel de Almeida [UNESP]. "Resolubilidade de problemas visuais em um serviço terciário triados por uma unidade móvel oftalmológica". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151644.

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Introdução: No Brasil o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) é responsável por prover assistência universal a saúde para toda a população. Contudo, o acesso ao atendimento oftalmológico é sabidamente deficitário. As Unidades Móveis Oftalmológicas (UMO) podem facilitar o acesso ao atendimento oftalmológico à população, sendo importante a interface com o serviço terciário, para onde devem ser referenciados os casos mais complexos e os que exigem tratamento cirúrgico. Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade do atendimento oftalmológico realizado em um centro de referência após triagem oftalmológica realizada pela UMO. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo prospectivo realizado com pacientes atendidos em 10 municípios do centro-oeste paulista em 2015. Os pacientes passaram por consulta oftalmológica completa na UMO e os com necessidade de procedimentos ou avaliações complementares foram encaminhados ao centro de referência da região, o Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu (HCFMB). As informações dos pacientes encaminhados foram pesquisadas no prontuário eletrônico da instituição para verificar o comparecimento, tempo até a consulta, tratamento realizado e complicações. Além disso, foram utilizados dados demográficos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Análise estatística realizada no SPSS 22.0, considerado significativo p<0,05. Resultados: Foram atendidos 1928 indivíduos pela UMO, sendo encaminhados 714 (37,0%) ao serviço especializado. A média de idade dos encaminhados foi 57,12±19,53 anos, sendo 59,9% do gênero feminino, com acuidade visual (AV) corrigida no melhor olho de 0,37±0,36 logMAR, sendo 47 (6,6%) cegos e 185 (26,5%) deficientes visuais, com maior prevalência nos mais idosos. O maior número de encaminhamentos foi ao ambulatório de catarata (48,6%) seguido pelo ambulatório de Plástica Ocular/Doenças Externas (28,3%), sendo o principal diagnóstico a catarata (44,7%) seguido por pterígio (14,7%). Dos pacientes encaminhados, 67,1% efetivamente compareceram ao serviço especializado, nos quais houve concordância do diagnóstico em 88,5% dos casos. Houve maior prevalência de cegos e deficientes visuais dentre os que compareceram, além de serem provenientes de municípios mais distantes, com maior número de habitantes e com mais oftalmologistas (p<0,05). O tratamento foi considerado concretizado em 65,6% dos pacientes, sendo a principal causa de não concretização a perda de seguimento (50,7%). Foram realizadas 313 cirurgias de catarata, com redução de 20 para 2 cegos e de 87 para 2 deficientes visuais (p<0,001). Conclusão: A taxa de comparecimento de pacientes encaminhados diretamente de uma UMO a um serviço especializado foi de 67,1%, com resolubilidade completa em 65,5% dos casos. Houve melhora significativa da AV e redução da prevalência de cegos e deficientes visuais após as cirurgias realizadas.
Introduction: In Brazil, the public health care (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS) is responsible for providing universal health care for the entire population. However, access to ophthalmologic care is known to be deficient. Ophthalmologic Mobile Units (OMU) can facilitate access to ophthalmological services to the population, and it is important to interface with the tertiary service, where the more complex cases and those requiring surgical treatment should be referenced. Objective: To verify the effectiveness of ophthalmologic care performed at a reference center after ophthalmologic screening performed by the UMO. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was carried out with patients seen in 10 municipalities in the center-west of São Paulo in 2015. Patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic consultation in the OMU and those who needed complementary procedures or evaluations were referred directly to the to the reference center of the region, the Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu (HCFMB). The information of the referred patients was searched in the electronic medical record of the institution to verify attendance, time to consultation, treatment performed and complications. In addition, demographic data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics was used. Statistical analysis performed in SPSS 22.0, considered significant p <0.05. Results: 1928 individuals were attended by the UMO and 714 (37.0%) were referred to the specialized service. The mean age of the patients referred was 57.12±19.53 years, 59.9% of the female gender, with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 0.37 ± 0.36 logMAR, of which 47 (6, 6%) blind and 185 (26.5%) visually impaired, with higher prevalence in the elderly. The highest number of referrals was to the cataract sub-specialty (48.6%) followed by the Ocular Plastic Surgery (28.3%), the main diagnosis was cataract (44.7%) followed by pterygium (14.7%). Of the referred patients, 67.1% actually attended the specialized service, in which the diagnosis was agreed in 88.5% of the cases. There was a higher prevalence of the blind and visually impaired among those who attended, besides coming from more distant municipalities, with more inhabitants and more ophthalmologists (p <0.05). The treatment was considered accomplished in 65.6% of the patients, being the main cause of non-accomplishment the loss of follow-up (50.7%). A total of 313 cataract surgeries were performed, ranging from 20 to 2 blind and 87 to 2 visually impaired (p <0.001). Conclusion: The attendance rate of patients referred directly from a UMO to a specialized service was 67.1%, with complete resolubility in 65.5% of the cases. There was a significant improvement in VA and a reduction in the prevalence of the blind and visually impaired after the surgeries.

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Ferreira, Gabriel de Almeida. "Resolubilidade de problemas visuais em um serviço terciário triados por uma unidade móvel oftalmológica". Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151644.

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Orientador: Silvana Artioli Schellini
Resumo: Introdução: No Brasil o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) é responsável por prover assistência universal a saúde para toda a população. Contudo, o acesso ao atendimento oftalmológico é sabidamente deficitário. As Unidades Móveis Oftalmológicas (UMO) podem facilitar o acesso ao atendimento oftalmológico à população, sendo importante a interface com o serviço terciário, para onde devem ser referenciados os casos mais complexos e os que exigem tratamento cirúrgico. Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade do atendimento oftalmológico realizado em um centro de referência após triagem oftalmológica realizada pela UMO. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo prospectivo realizado com pacientes atendidos em 10 municípios do centro-oeste paulista em 2015. Os pacientes passaram por consulta oftalmológica completa na UMO e os com necessidade de procedimentos ou avaliações complementares foram encaminhados ao centro de referência da região, o Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu (HCFMB). As informações dos pacientes encaminhados foram pesquisadas no prontuário eletrônico da instituição para verificar o comparecimento, tempo até a consulta, tratamento realizado e complicações. Além disso, foram utilizados dados demográficos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Análise estatística realizada no SPSS 22.0, considerado significativo p<0,05. Resultados: Foram atendidos 1928 indivíduos pela UMO, sendo encaminhados 714 (37,0%) ao serviço especializado. A média de idade dos encaminhados foi 57,12±19,53 anos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Berglund, Ingrid. "Effekt av artikulationsträning med visuell återkoppling hos en vuxen person med hemifacial mikrosomi och talstörning". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Logopedi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-316197.

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Syftet med denna studie var att utvärdera behandling med hjälp av elektropalatografi (EPG) och portabel träningsenhet (PTU) hos en person med kvarstående artikulationsproblem. Försökspersonen var en vuxen man med medfödd hemifacial mikrosomi och mikrognati som tidigare genomfört konventionell talträning. En kvasiexperimentell, prospektiv, kontrollerad single subjekt A-B-A design användes. Försökspersonen hade vid träningsstart en tillbakadragen artikulation av /t/ och /d/ till velart/uvulart artikulationsställe med kvarstående svårighet att göra sitt tal förståeligt för sina samtalspartners. Behandlingseffekten utvärderades genom instrumentell EPG analys av /t/ i enstaka ord före och efter behandling. Analysen visade signifikanta behandlingsresultat där en fortgående förbättring av produktionen av /t/ i medial och final position skedde även fyra år efter avslutad behandling. Perceptuell lyssnarbedömning av tränade och otränade lyssnare uppvisade signifikant förbättrad skattning av t-likhet av målljudet /t/ i medial och final position över tid. Ett mycket svagt samband sågs mellan perceptuell skattning av t-likhet och de analyserade EPG-värdena. Lyssnarskattningen av spontantalet visade en förbättring av förståelighet vid kontroll 4 år efter avslutad träning. Utvärderingen bekräftar tidigare forskning och visar att talträning med EPG är ett effektivt sätt att ge visuell återkoppling i försök att etablera ett korrekt artikulationsmönster, förbättrat tal och ökad förståelighet. Detta provades i föreliggande studie och även om resultaten inte var entydiga, antyddes att metoden kan vara långsiktigt framgångsrik vid sedan lång tid väl etablerade talavvikelser utan tecken på förändring spontant eller efter tidigare träning utan visuell återkoppling. En viktig erfarenhet är således att planera långsiktigt och invänta automatisering av nya artikulationsrörelser som har lång etableringsfas. Träning med EPG föreslås kunna erbjudas vuxna personer med kvarstående artikulationsavvikelser där konventionell träning inte har kunnat ge önskvärda resultat. Nyckelord: Elektropalatografi, behandlingseffekt, hemifacial mikrosomi, artikulationsstörning, långtidsuppföljning, förståelighet
The aim of this study was to evaluate speech therapy using electropalatography (EPG) and portable training unit (PTU) in a subject with persistent articulation errors. The participant was a male adult with congenital hemifacial microsomia and micrognathia who previously had received conventional speech therapy. The subject had a retracted, velar/ uvular articulation of dental plosives with difficulty making speech understandable to listeners. A quasi-experimental prospective, controlled single-subject ABA design was used. Treatment efficacy was assessed by instrumental EPG analysis of /t/ in single words before and after treatment and showed significant treatment results with a continuing improvement in the production of /t/ in medial and final position even four years after completion of treatment. Perceptual listen assessment of trained and untrained listeners showed significantly improved estimation of the target /t/ in medial and final position over time. A very weak association was found between the perceptual estimation of t-likeness and the analyzed EPG values. Listener rating of spontaneous speech showed an improvement in intelligibility 4 years after completing training. The evaluation confirms previous research showing that speech therapy with EPG seems effective for providing visual feedback in the attempt to establish a correct articulation pattern, improved speech and enhanced intelligibility. This was investigated in the present study and although the results were not unambiguous, it was indicated that the method can be successful at long persisting well established articulation errors without signs of spontaneous change or after previous training without visual feedback. An important experience is to plan long term and wait for the automation of the new articulation movements that have a long establishment phase. Training with EPG is proposed to be offered to adults with persistent articulation disorders for which conventional therapy has been unable to provide desirable results. Keywords: Electropalatography, treatment effect, hemifacial microsomia, articulation disorder, long- term follow- up, intelligibility

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Magnoli, Mirella Martinelli. "A representação da subjetividade no longa-metragem Joana". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27153/tde-14122011-220637/.

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O argumento cinematográfico para um filme de longa-metragem ficcional é tema central da presente dissertação. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa baseada em dois eixos. O primeiro, o tema do filme (a relação entre os universos feminino e masculino na faixa de meia-idade no Brasil urbano contemporâneo); o segundo, a abordagem cinematográfica (representações da subjetividade no cinema). No século XX, enormes transformações colocaram a mulher em um novo lugar no tecido social. O homem contemporâneo viu seu lugar histórico ser abalado por essas transformações e ainda não se reposicionou. O descompasso entre feminino e masculino colocou num terreno de imensa dificuldade o relacionamento de casal, hoje pouco normatizado por regras sociais. Este tema é tratado em Joana do ponto de vista subjetivo da personagem principal. Na linguagem cinematográfica, a subjetividade, concebida como um nível específico da narração, compartilha com o espectador os olhos e ouvidos do personagem, e/ou o mergulho em sua mente. Algo para além do formal é necessário para que um filme expresse alto grau de subjetividade do personagem. Esta pesquisa examina alguns longa-metragens contemporâneos, localizando como é representada a subjetividade: o ponto de vista ótico, o comportamento do personagem, a expressão do mundo interno, a linguagem. É realizada uma incursão na literatura que compara o monólogo interior à voz dos pensamentos dos personagens no cinema e discrimina outras atividades mentais que no cinema podem ter outras representações além da palavra. As necessidades específicas de expressão dessa história, focalizada pela personagem principal, provoca a discussão sobre a forma da escrita do argumento e roteiro cinematográfico. São examinados textos de Sergei Eisenstein que tratam de estratégias para escrever roteiros, em que a emoção é privilegiada. Busca-se um formato específico para o argumento cinematográfico desta história. Circunscreve-se um campo de representações da subjetividade para o argumento em questão. Apresenta-se o argumento em seu sétimo tratamento.
Treatment for a fictional long-feature film is the central theme of the present dissertation. Research was conducted based on two axes: the first on film theme (the relation between middle-aged males and females living in urban areas of Brazil nowadays); the second on film language (representations of subjectivity in film). The 20th Century saw huge changes with women taking a new place in social life. As a result, contemporary men saw their historic place unsettled and have not yet repositioned themselves. The mismatch between the new male and female social positions brought great difficulties to relationships, which nowadays are regulated by very few social standards. This theme comes up in Joana through the main characters subjective point of view. In film language, subjectivity, conceived as a specific level of narration shares with the viewer the characters eyes and ears, and/or allows the viewer to get right inside the characters mind. Something beyond the merely formal is required for a film to express high levels of character subjectivity. This research examines some contemporary fiction films, analyzing how subjectivity is represented: the optical point-of-view, characters behavior, expressions of characters inner world, characters speech. A literature review compares inner monologue to how characters thoughts are depicted in film. It also discriminates between other mental activities that can be better expressed in film by different representations other than words. The specific expression needs of this story, based on the focal character, bring on the discussion of script and film treatment writing formats. Sergei Eisensteins writings dealing with screenwriting strategies to privilege emotion are examined. A specific format for the film treatment of this story is searched. A range of representation of subjectivity for this film treatment is defined. The seventh draft of the film treatment is presented.

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Eriksson, Olle. "Studies on Premenstrual Dysphoria". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5812.

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Jaume, Bennasar Andrés. "Las nuevas tecnologías en la administración de justicia. La validez y eficacia del documento electrónico en sede procesal". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9415.

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La tesis se encarga de analizar, por un lado, la integración y el desarrollo de las nuevas tecnologías en la Administración de Justicia; y, por otro, los parámetros que constituyen la validez y eficacia del documento electrónico.
La primera cuestión se centra en la configuración de los Sistemas de Información de la Oficina Judicial y del Ministerio Fiscal, así como de la informatización de los Registros Civiles, donde el art. 230 LOPJ es la pieza clave. Se estudian sus programas, aplicaciones, la videoconferencia, los ficheros judiciales y las redes de telecomunicaciones que poseen la cobertura de la firma electrónica reconocida, donde cobran gran relevancia los convenios de colaboración tecnológica. La digitalización de las vistas quizá sea una de las cuestiones con más trascendencia, teniendo en cuenta que el juicio es el acto que culmina el proceso. Aunque no todos los proyectos adoptados en el ámbito de la e.justicia se han desarrollado de forma integral, ni han llegado a la totalidad de los órganos judiciales. El objetivo final es lograr una Justicia más ágil y de calidad, a lo cual aspira el Plan Estratégico de Modernización de la Justicia 2009-2012 aprobado recientemente.
En referencia a la segunda perspectiva, no cabe duda que el Ordenamiento jurídico y los tribunales, en el ámbito de la justicia material, otorgan plena validez y eficacia al documento electrónico. Nuestra línea de investigación se justifica porque cada vez son más los procesos que incorporan soportes electrónicos de todo tipo, ya sea al plantearse la acción o posteriormente como medio de prueba (art. 299.2 LEC). Entre otros temas examinamos el documento informático, la problemática que rodea al fax, los sistemas de videograbación y el contrato electrónico.
La tesi s'encarrega d'analitzar, per una part, la integració i el desenvolupament de les noves tecnologies dins l´Administració de Justícia; i, per l'altra, els paràmetres que constitueixen la validesa i l'eficàcia del document electrònic.
La primera qüestió es centra en la configuració dels Sistemes d´Informació de l´Oficina Judicial i del Ministeri Fiscal, així com de la informatització dels Registres Civils, on l'art. 230 LOPJ es la peça clau. S'estudien els seus programes, aplicacions, la videoconferència, el fitxers judicials i les xarxes de telecomunicacions que tenen la cobertura de la firma electrònica reconeguda, on cobren gran rellevància els convenis de col·laboració tecnològica. La digitalització de les vistes tal vegada sigui una de les qüestions amb més transcendència, tenint amb compte que el judici es l'acte que culmina el procés. Però no tots el projectes adoptats en l'àmbit de la e.justicia s'han desenvolupat d'una manera integral ni han arribat a la totalitat dels òrgans judicials. L'objectiu final es assolir una Justícia més àgil i de qualitat, al que aspira el Pla Estratègic de Modernització de la Justícia 2009-2012 aprovat recentment.
En referència a la segona perspectiva, no hi ha dubte que l´Ordenament jurídic i els tribunals, en l'àmbit de la justícia material, donen plena validesa i eficàcia al document electrònic. La nostra línia d'investigació es justifica perquè cada vegada son més el processos que incorporen suports electrònics de tot tipus, ja sigui quant es planteja l'acció o posteriorment como a medi de prova (art. 299.2 LEC). Entre altres temes examinem el document informàtic, la problemàtica que envolta al fax, els sistemes de videogravació i el contracte electrònic.
The thesis seeks to analyse, on the one hand, the integration and development of the new technologies in the Administration of Justice; and, on the other, the parameters which constitute the validity and efficiency of the electronic document.
The first question centres on the configuration of the Information Systems of the Judicial Office and the Public Prosecutor, as well as the computerisation of the Civil Registers, where the art. 230 LOPJ it's the part key. Their programmes, applications, the Video Conferencing, the judicial registers and the telecommunication networks which are covered by the recognised electronic signatures, are studied, where the agreements on technological collaboration gain great relevance. The digitalisation of evidence might perhaps be one of the questions with most consequence, bearing in mind that the judgment is the act by which the process is culminated. Although not all the projects adopted within the compass of e.justice have developed completely nor have reached all the judicial organs. The final objective is to achieve an agile, quality Justice, to which the recently approved Strategic Plan for the Modernisation of Justice aspires.
With reference to the second perspective, there is no doubt that the juridical Ordinance and the tribunals within the compass of material justice grant full validity and efficacy to the electronic document. Our line of investigation is justified because there are more and more processes which are sustained by electronic supports of all kinds, whether it be at the establishment of the action or later, as a proof of it (art. 299.2 LEC). Amongst other things, we examine the computerised document, the problems which surround the fax, the systems for video recording and the electronic contract.

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Du, Toit Renee. "Visual and non-visual variables implicated in monovision wear". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11140.

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Bentley, Ryan Michael. "Incorporating visual aesthetics within municipal wastewater treatment wetlands". 2008. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/bentley%5Fryan%5Fm%5F200805%5Fmla.

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Van, Der Elzen Catarina Moreira. "Treatment options for amblyopia : systematic review of visual acuity improvements". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/30794.

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Trabalho final de mestrado integrado em Medicina (Neuro-Oftalmologia), apresentado á Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra
The aim of the current systematic review is to establish a comparison between the two most widely used treatments for children with amblyopia. Occlusion and atropine are compared in terms of visual acuity (VA) improvement. Methods: The review was performed following the guidelines proposed in the PRISMA statement. Relevant studies assessing occlusion or atropine reporting acuity improvement measures were sought on PubMed and subsequently analysed and compared in terms of the age of participants, treatment duration, VA baseline measures and improvement. The VA measures reported in studies were converted to the Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution chart (LogMAR). Results: A statistically significant difference between the VA improvements associated to the two treatments was obtained, favouring occlusion. However, in terms of measures of dispersion, both the best and worst results were reported by articles performing this technique, with the range of improvement of atropine studies being narrower, possibly due, at least in part, to the fact that compliance issues were less present in this intervention type. Conclusion: On average, occlusion improved VA more than atropine, but with greater variability of results. Longer periods of treatment were more effective when analyzing subjects who underwent occlusion. Treating patients as early as possible leads to better results, though improvements were also reported for older patients. Future studies should include prolonged treatment in older individuals to correct sources of bias
Esta revisão sistemática tem por objectivo estabelecer uma comparação entre os dois principais tratamentos usados actualmente em crianças amblíopes. Oclusão e atropina são comparados em termos de melhoria da acuidade visual (AV). Métodos: A revisão foi realizada aderindo às orientações propostas no PRISMA statement. Artigos relativos a tratamentos de oclusão e atropina que apresentam medidas de melhoria de acuidade visual, foram procurados na PubMed e, posteriormente, analisados e comparados em termos de idade dos participantes, duração do tratamento, as medidas iniciais de AV e de melhorias. As medidas de AV relatadas nos estudos foram convertidas para a escala do logaritmo do ângulo mínimo de resolução (LogMAR). Resultados: Quando associados a melhorias de AV, foi obtida uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois tratamentos, favorecendo o tratamento por oclusão. No entanto, em termos de medidas de dispersão, tanto os melhores como os piores resultados foram também relatados por artigos que executaram esta técnica, tendo a atropina, por sua vez, apresentado um intervalo de valores de melhoria mais estreito para o qual eventualmente terá contribuído o facto de problemas de adesão não terem estado tão presentes neste tipo de intervenção. Conclusão: Em média, a oclusão melhorou mais a acuidade visual do que a atropina, mas com uma maior variabilidade dos resultados. Períodos mais longos de tratamento demonstraram-se mais eficazes em doentes tratados com oclusão. Igualmente, verificamos que tratar pacientes o mais cedo possível leva a melhores resultados. Porém, verificou-se que crianças com mais idade também registaram melhorias. Estudos futuros deverão incluir tratamento prolongado em indivíduos mais velhos de forma a corrigir fontes de viés.

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Iskandaryan, Ditsuhi. "Visualization and visual analytics of geospatial data for psychological treatment". Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/33798.

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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies
Current location-tracking solutions, along with general advances in software (e.g., development frameworks, visualization libraries) and hardware (e.g., cloud computing, mobile devices), make it increasingly easy to capture and store geospatial data to be exploited in various application areas. In this dissertation, we study the possibilities of visualization techniques and visual analytics of geospatial (user) data with the aim of helping/improving therapies in the realm of psychological health. To this aim, a web-based visualization application was created as part of a larger ecosystem of applications created by GEOTEC, including a mobile app to systematically capture user’s geospatial data (i.e., GPS coordinates), and a metrics analytical platform, which is capable of storing captured data and performing useful analysis/calculations. The visualization tool was developed to support therapists to make informed decisions pertinent to psychological illness depression interventions, by allowing them to visually inspect, compare, and analyze captured and processed data from monitored patients. Next to determining what visual elements of the visualization tool best suited the needs of the case study, a quantitative and qualitative evaluation was performed with therapists, in order to measure the resulting usefulness of the tool, find out the drawbacks for further improvement, and to generate ideas for future work and further applications in psychological health. As a result, the visualization tool was generally found to be useable (SUS score of 86.5625), useful for therapists to help during and to determine their therapy, and various useful extensions and further application areas were discovered. Based on the result, we can conclude that the tool may indeed become a beneficial mechanism for psychological intervention in real-world settings.

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Carrola, Gonçalo Emanuel da Silva Medeiros Araújo. "INFLAMMATORY CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULAR MEMBRANES: Clinical Profile, Treatment Effectiveness and Visual Prognosis". Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134519.

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Propósito Caracterizar uma amostra de pacientes com Neovascularização Coroideia Inflamatória (NVC-I), incluindo perfil clínico, etiologia subjacente e curso, tratamentos realizados, resposta clínica associada e prognóstico visual. Métodos Análise retrospetiva de pacientes com diagnóstico de NVC-I seguidos no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ). Caracterização clínica e classificação do outcome visual de acordo com a diferença na acuidade visual após tratamento. Resultados Foram analisados 20 olhos de 17 pacientes (11 pacientes do sexo feminino e 6 do sexo masculino, idade média de 41,90 ± 16,457 anos no momento de diagnóstico de NVC). A Coroidopatia Puntata Interna/Coroidite Multifocal foi a etiologia inflamatória predominante (10 pacientes, 58,82%). Os agentes anti-VEGF intravítreos tiveram um número médio de 7,00 injeções (IQR, 4,25 a 29,00). A mediana do número total de injeções anti-VEGF foi superior em olhos pertencentes a pacientes com fatores de risco cardiovascular (35,00 versus 7,00; p = 0,035), olhos pertencentes a pacientes dislipidémicos (36,50 versus 6,50; p = 0,010) e olhos que desenvolveram catarata (35,00 versus 7,00; p = 0,031), em comparação com pacientes sem essas condições. A acuidade visual dos 20 olhos incluídos teve um ganho médio de 15,10 ± 12,998 letras ETDRS após o tratamento anti-VEGF. De acordo com a nossa classificação, 16 tiveram uma melhoria na AV (80,00%), 3 mantiveram a AV estável (15,00%) e 1 teve um decremento no outcome visual (5,00%). Além disso, 13 olhos (65,00%) obtiveram uma AV final igual ou superior a 65 letras. Conclusão Uma abordagem combinada com agentes anti-VEGF e terapia anti-inflamatória foi eficaz no tratamento da NVC-I e foi possível obter um bom prognóstico visual geral. Um seguimento apertado foi fundamental na abordagem da condição inflamatória primária e da neovascularização secundária. O número de injeções anti-VEGF necessárias para controlar a neovascularização foi significativamente associado à presença de dislipidemia, à presença de fatores de risco cardiovasculares ou ao desenvolvimento de catarata. Palavras-chave Neovascularização coroideia; inflamação; uveíte; fator de crescimento endotelial vascular.
Purpose To characterise a sample of patients with Inflammatory Choroidal Neovascularization (I-CNV), including clinical profile, underlying aetiology and its course, treatments performed, associated clinical response, and visual prognosis. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with a diagnosis of I-CNV followed at the Ophthalmology Department of Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ). Clinical characterisation and visual outcome classification according to the difference in visual acuity after treatment. Results Twenty eyes from 17 patients were analysed (11 female and 6 male patients, mean age 41.90 ± 16.457 years at CNV diagnosis). Punctate Inner Choroidopathy/Multifocal Choroiditis was the predominant inflammatory aetiology (10 patients, 58.82%). Intravitreal anti-VEGF agents had a median number of 7.00 injections (IQR, 4.25 to 29.00). Median total anti-VEGF injections was superior in eyes belonging to patients with cardiovascular risk factors (35.00 versus 7.00; p = 0.035), eyes belonging to dyslipidemic patients (36.50 versus 6.50; p = 0.010) and eyes that developed cataract (35.00 versus 7.00; p = 0.031), when compared with patients without these conditions. Visual acuity among 20 eyes had a mean gain of 15.10 ± 12.998 ETDRS letters after anti-VEGF treatment. According to our classification, 16 had an improved outcome (80,00%), 3 had a stable outcome (15.00%) and 1 had a worsened visual outcome (5.00%). In addition, 13 eyes (65.00%) had a final VA equal or superior to 65 letters. Conclusion A combined approach with anti-VEGF agents and anti-inflammatory therapy was effective in I-CNV treatment and an overall good visual prognosis was attainable. Intensive follow-up was fundamental in the management of both the primary inflammatory and secondary neovascular conditions. The number of anti-VEGF injections needed to manage neovascularization was significantly associated with the presence of dyslipidaemia, the presence of general cardiovascular risk factors or the development of cataract. Key words Choroidal neovascularization; inflammation; uveitis; vascular endothelial growth factor.

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46

Carrola, Gonçalo Emanuel da Silva Medeiros Araújo. "INFLAMMATORY CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULAR MEMBRANES: Clinical Profile, Treatment Effectiveness and Visual Prognosis". Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134519.

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Propósito Caracterizar uma amostra de pacientes com Neovascularização Coroideia Inflamatória (NVC-I), incluindo perfil clínico, etiologia subjacente e curso, tratamentos realizados, resposta clínica associada e prognóstico visual. Métodos Análise retrospetiva de pacientes com diagnóstico de NVC-I seguidos no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ). Caracterização clínica e classificação do outcome visual de acordo com a diferença na acuidade visual após tratamento. Resultados Foram analisados 20 olhos de 17 pacientes (11 pacientes do sexo feminino e 6 do sexo masculino, idade média de 41,90 ± 16,457 anos no momento de diagnóstico de NVC). A Coroidopatia Puntata Interna/Coroidite Multifocal foi a etiologia inflamatória predominante (10 pacientes, 58,82%). Os agentes anti-VEGF intravítreos tiveram um número médio de 7,00 injeções (IQR, 4,25 a 29,00). A mediana do número total de injeções anti-VEGF foi superior em olhos pertencentes a pacientes com fatores de risco cardiovascular (35,00 versus 7,00; p = 0,035), olhos pertencentes a pacientes dislipidémicos (36,50 versus 6,50; p = 0,010) e olhos que desenvolveram catarata (35,00 versus 7,00; p = 0,031), em comparação com pacientes sem essas condições. A acuidade visual dos 20 olhos incluídos teve um ganho médio de 15,10 ± 12,998 letras ETDRS após o tratamento anti-VEGF. De acordo com a nossa classificação, 16 tiveram uma melhoria na AV (80,00%), 3 mantiveram a AV estável (15,00%) e 1 teve um decremento no outcome visual (5,00%). Além disso, 13 olhos (65,00%) obtiveram uma AV final igual ou superior a 65 letras. Conclusão Uma abordagem combinada com agentes anti-VEGF e terapia anti-inflamatória foi eficaz no tratamento da NVC-I e foi possível obter um bom prognóstico visual geral. Um seguimento apertado foi fundamental na abordagem da condição inflamatória primária e da neovascularização secundária. O número de injeções anti-VEGF necessárias para controlar a neovascularização foi significativamente associado à presença de dislipidemia, à presença de fatores de risco cardiovasculares ou ao desenvolvimento de catarata. Palavras-chave Neovascularização coroideia; inflamação; uveíte; fator de crescimento endotelial vascular.
Purpose To characterise a sample of patients with Inflammatory Choroidal Neovascularization (I-CNV), including clinical profile, underlying aetiology and its course, treatments performed, associated clinical response, and visual prognosis. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with a diagnosis of I-CNV followed at the Ophthalmology Department of Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ). Clinical characterisation and visual outcome classification according to the difference in visual acuity after treatment. Results Twenty eyes from 17 patients were analysed (11 female and 6 male patients, mean age 41.90 ± 16.457 years at CNV diagnosis). Punctate Inner Choroidopathy/Multifocal Choroiditis was the predominant inflammatory aetiology (10 patients, 58.82%). Intravitreal anti-VEGF agents had a median number of 7.00 injections (IQR, 4.25 to 29.00). Median total anti-VEGF injections was superior in eyes belonging to patients with cardiovascular risk factors (35.00 versus 7.00; p = 0.035), eyes belonging to dyslipidemic patients (36.50 versus 6.50; p = 0.010) and eyes that developed cataract (35.00 versus 7.00; p = 0.031), when compared with patients without these conditions. Visual acuity among 20 eyes had a mean gain of 15.10 ± 12.998 ETDRS letters after anti-VEGF treatment. According to our classification, 16 had an improved outcome (80,00%), 3 had a stable outcome (15.00%) and 1 had a worsened visual outcome (5.00%). In addition, 13 eyes (65.00%) had a final VA equal or superior to 65 letters. Conclusion A combined approach with anti-VEGF agents and anti-inflammatory therapy was effective in I-CNV treatment and an overall good visual prognosis was attainable. Intensive follow-up was fundamental in the management of both the primary inflammatory and secondary neovascular conditions. The number of anti-VEGF injections needed to manage neovascularization was significantly associated with the presence of dyslipidaemia, the presence of general cardiovascular risk factors or the development of cataract. Key words Choroidal neovascularization; inflammation; uveitis; vascular endothelial growth factor.

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47

Odejayi, Ramona. "The development of a visual-motor treatment programme for pre-school HIV-infected children with visual motor integration difficulties". Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/25787.

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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Occupational Therapy. Johannesburg 2017
The purpose of this study is to add to current research on the impact of HIV on neurodevelopment in children and the nature of neurodevelopmental intervention needed to address the delay. The first phase of the study addressed the extent of visual motor integration delay in preschool children living with HIV. In the second phase of this study a visual motor treatment programme to address the delay specific to preschool children with HIV was proposed. Seventy-one children attending an HIV clinic were assessed to determine the extent of their visual motor integration delay on the Beery Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration and the supplemental tests. The children’s socioeconomic status was determined based on the Household Economic and Social Status Index II. The results revealed that visual perception was the most affected component with a moderate positive correlation to the CD4 count and CD4% of the sample. The middle to low socioeconomic status of the sample had a mediating effect on the results particularly with visual motor integration in relation to the mothers’ level of education and attendance at creche. Therefore the proposed visual motor treatment programme had a large emphasis on visual perception using visual information analysis as a means of acquiring skill. The treatment programme emphasised naming and drawing five basic shapes. Due to the scholastic nature of this intervention, the programme was developed to be used in a preschool setting, with the preschool teacher acting as a mediator to ensure skill development and generalisation of concepts learnt to everyday living. Expert review determined content validity which assisted in developing the first draft of the programme known as the ‘My Shapes Programme’.
MT 2018

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48

LIN, HSIU-LING y 林秀玲. "Corneal-Curvature, Visual Acuity, and Spherical Equivalents change for OrthoKeratology treatment in Taiwan". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hgb739.

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碩士
嘉南藥理大學
藥學系
107
OrthoKeratology lens, or OrthoK, is an anti-geometric hard contact lens. It is worn before going to bed then can be maintained high quality vision during daytime removal. Therefore, it is a good way to clinically control myopia. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effect of wearing OrthoK lenses on corneal curvature, visual acuity, and spherical equivalents. Eighty-five subjects in the experimental group were included routine eyesight examination without any eye disease, myopia was between -0.50 D and -6.50 D, astigmatism was between -0.50 D~-2.00 D, and 7 to 16 years old had OrthoK lenses. Another thirty subjects in the control group were wearing traditional glasses. Comparing the degree of myopia control in the two groups for more than 3 years, after the first day, the first week, the third month, the sixth month, the first year, the third year with wearing lenses, and two weeks after the OrthoK lenses were removed. The changes of corneal curvature, visual acuity and spherical equivalents were analyzed and compared by Pair-T test and ANOVA test. The results showed that compared with the baseline, regardless of the degree of myopia, there was a significant difference in visual acuity, spherical equivalents, and corneal curvature after one day with wearing OrthoK lenses (P<0.05), which indicate that the OrthoK lenses were worn for one day can improve vision. However, after OrthoK lenses treatment for one month, the changed degree of spherical surface of the low-degree myopia was slowly, indicating that the effect of improving vision has stabilized. The height of myopia was changed lowly after 6 months OrthoK treatment (P<0.05), indicating that the height of myopia requires a longer time to stabilize. Therefore, the final measurement of the spherical equivalents has a significant correlation with the initial myopia. Inferred from the results of this retrospective study: wearing OrthoK lenses for the treatment of myopia can significantly reduce the degree of myopia after wearing and corneal curvature changes from the central to the periphery, continuous shaping can provide stable and good naked vision during the day. After two weeks of wearing the OrthoK lenses, there was no significant difference between the corneal curvature and the initial corneal curvature, indicating that the cornea was not irreversible damage due to long-term molding. Therefore, for students with myopia, wearing OrthoK lenses is an option to consider.

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Venter, Hermanus Arnoldus Jacobus. "The use of visual art therapy with adolescents affected by trauma". Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22051.

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This study explores the use of visual art therapy with traumatised adolescents. A literature review sheds light on the concepts of “visual art therapy” and “psychological trauma”, by exploring the therapeutic nature of visual art as a technique aimed at addressing the effects of trauma in the lives of adolescents. An empirical study including seven voluntary and purposefully selected participants demonstrates the efficacy of using visual art therapy with adolescents affected by trauma. Data gathered through observation, questionnaires, and interviews is qualitatively interpreted and analysed. The research findings are presented accordingly. Based on the empirical investigation, it is established that visual art can be used as a valuable therapeutic technique in the lives of adolescents affected by trauma.
Psychology of Education
M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

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50

"The effect of chiropractic manipulation on the visual acuity of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals suffering from cervical facet joint dysfunction in the atlanto-occipital joint complex and second cervical vertebra". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/2693.

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