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Tesis sobre el tema "Watersheds"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 9 de junio de 2025

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1

Lien, Aaron M., Lacroix Kelly Mott, Katie Banister, and Sharon B. Megdal. "Using Watershed Assessments to Inform Planning for Rural Watersheds." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/324539.

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9 pp.<br>The Using Watershed Assessments to Inform Planning for Rural Watersheds publication provides a process for developing a baseline watershed assessment. In this guide we provide recommendations for engaging with stakeholders to assess natural resource conditions, as well as basic information to collect to create a baseline assessment. Watershed planning is not a simple, quick process. This guide addresses just the first steps of building a watershed assessment– understanding the current conditions and issues facing your watershed. Beyond the watershed assessment phase is the hard work of utilizing the information from the assessment, along with the results of additional stakeholder feedback, to develop an actual watershed plan. This guide provides an outline of how to complete the watershed assessment portion of your watershed planning effort, but does not provide a detailed step-by-step process. Rather, this document is intended as a resource to help guide you in your efforts by providing suggestions based on real-world watershed planning experience.

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2

Cline, Sarah A. "An assessment of organizational effectiveness a study of West Virginia watershed associations /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=687.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 122 p. : maps. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-103).

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3

Arias, Rojo Hector Manuel. "Modeling the movement of tebuthiuron in runoff and soil water." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1986_331_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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4

Hecker, Garret A. "Assessment of Watershed Health on Intermittent Watersheds in Southwestern North Dakota." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28674.

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Watersheds are complex systems that are influenced by many factors including geomorphology, climate, soil, vegetation, and land management. Due to this complexity, a watershed assessment that evaluates both the riparian and upland areas has yet to be developed. We proposed investigating a combination of plant community composition within the greenline, upland ecological site function assessment with the Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health (IIRH) protocol, and stream morphological parameters. Stream parameters investigated were Rosgen?s classification method, bank erosion hazard index (BEHI) and bank height ratio (BHR). This research was conducted on five intermittent streams in southwestern North Dakota. We found that facultative wetland species offered the most protection to intermittent streambanks as a result of hydrology. When assessing the uplands it was determined that there is a positive correlation between rangeland health and riparian health. The stream parameter that showed the strongest relationship was the BEHI.

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5

Hecker, Garret Allen. "Assessment of Watershed Health on Intermittent Watersheds in Southwestern North Dakota." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10285615.

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<p> Watersheds are complex systems that are influenced by many factors including geomorphology, climate, soil, vegetation, and land management. Due to this complexity, a watershed assessment that evaluates both the riparian and upland areas has yet to be developed. We proposed investigating a combination of plant community composition within the greenline, upland ecological site function assessment with the Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health (IIRH) protocol, and stream morphological parameters. Stream parameters investigated were Rosgen’s classification method, bank erosion hazard index (BEHI) and bank height ratio (BHR). This research was conducted on five intermittent streams in southwestern North Dakota. We found that facultative wetland species offered the most protection to intermittent streambanks as a result of hydrology. When assessing the uplands it was determined that there is a positive correlation between rangeland health and riparian health. The stream parameter that showed the strongest relationship was the BEHI.</p><p>

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6

Patil, Sopan Dileep. "Information transfer for hydrologic prediction in engaged river basins." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42858.

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In many parts of the world, developed as well as developing, rivers are not gauged for continuous monitoring. Streamflow prediction at such "ungauged" river catchments requires information transfer from gauged catchments that are perceived to be hydrologically similar to them. Achieving good predictability at ungauged catchments requires an in-depth understanding of the physical and climatic controls on hydrologic similarity among catchments. This dissertation attempts to gain a better understanding of these controls through three independent research studies that use data from catchments across the continental United States. In the first study, I explore whether streamflow similarity among nearby catchments is preserved across flow conditions. Catchments located across four river basins in the northeast United States are analyzed to quantify the spatio-temporal variability in streamflows across flow percentiles. Results show that similarity in catchment stream response is dynamic and highly dependent on flow conditions. Specifically, the coefficient of variation is high at low flow percentiles and gradually reduces for higher flow percentiles. This study concludes that high variability at low flows is controlled by the dominance of high evaporative demand, whereas low variability at high flows is controlled by the dominance of precipitation input relative to evapotranspiration. In the second study, I examine whether streamflow similarity among catchments exists across a wide range of climatic and geographic regions. Data from 756 catchments across the United States is used and daily streamflow at each catchment is simulated using distance-based streamflow interpolation from neighboring catchments. With this approach, high predictability at a catchment indicates that catchments in its vicinity have similar streamflows. Results show that high predictability catchments are mainly confined to the Appalachian Mountains, the Rocky Mountains, and Cascade Mountains in the Pacific Northwest. Low predictability catchments are located mostly in the drier regions of US to the west of Mississippi river. Results suggest that streamflow similarity among nearby catchments is more likely in humid runoff-dominated regions than in dry evapotranspiration-dominated regions. In the third study, my goal is to identify what constitutes the essential information that must be transferred from gauged to ungauged catchments in order to achieve good model predictability. A simple daily time-step rainfall-runoff model is developed and implemented over 756 catchments located across the United States. Results show that the rainfall-runoff model simulates well at catchments in humid low-energy environments, most of which are located in the eastern part of the US, the Rocky Mountains, and to the west of Cascade Mountains. Within these regions, transfer of the parameter characterizing hydrograph recession provides reliable streamflow predictions at ungauged catchments, with a loss in prediction efficiency of less than 10% in most catchments. The results presented in this dissertation show that climate exerts a strong control on hydrologic similarity among catchments. The results further suggest that an understanding of the interaction between climate and topography is essential for quantifying the spatial variability in catchment hydrologic behavior at a regional scale.

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7

Heller, Jill Ann. "The effects of stock ponds on downstream potential recharge in the Arivaca Creek Watershed." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0037_m_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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8

Chen, Chu. "Stakeholder Involvement and Public Outreach Strategies Identified from Watershed Councils in Oregon." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9979.

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xii, 78 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.<br>Watershed councils in Oregon have been created and developed for collaborative watershed management since the 1990s. Although a lot of research has been conducted to examine the conceptual framework and practical experience of watershed councils, there have been fewer investigations of the outreach and education strategies used by watershed councils. The goal of this study is to identify the range of outreach strategies that have been used by watershed collaboratives and discuss how these strategies relate with councils focused at the organizational level compared to those focused at the action level. OWEB grant applications provide the major source of data for examining a sample of eighteen among more than ninety watershed councils in Oregon. The study results reveal that watershed councils' outreach strategies include direct involvement and public outreach. The planning of outreach is incorporated into mission statements, organizational governance, board member representatives and recruitment, decision-making processes, meetings, community events, watershed events, invitation and tracking, and outcome measures. Action and organizational groups use similar public outreach approaches but adopt different direct involvement strategies. Action councils rely more on direct involvement from participants in the community, while organizational councils are more likely to use partnerships to achieve their involvement goals. Three themes emerged from this research. Organizational councils need to create "in-group" awareness and connectivity to their watershed communities since these councils lack a sense of place-based identification. Social networks are important for action councils' outreach and education, but organizational groups depend more on interorganizational networks. Lastly, multiple levels of public participation are realized in the implementation of outreach strategies by watershed councils in Oregon.<br>Committee in charge: Dr. Richard D. Margerum, Chair; Dr. Patricia F. McDowell

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9

Cittone, Marc. "Contributions of stakeholder-based watershed initiatives in mining-impacted watersheds in Colorado." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433463.

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10

Wang, Yang. "Application of a nonpoint source pollution model to a small watershed in Virginia." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11012008-063232/.

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11

Karigomba, Wilbert. "A spatial optimization approach to watershed water quality management a case of the Opequon watershed /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10782.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2009.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 199 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-172).

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12

Rasmussen, Walter L. "Effects of urbanization on a small rural watershed /." Link to Abstract, 2005. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/abstracts/2005/Rasmussen.pdf.

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13

Korenic, Robert J. "Development of Watershed Action Plans for the Mill Creek and Yellow Creek Watersheds." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu997986507.

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14

Jean, Christy Roberts. "Hydrological transitions: a story of Kansas watershed districts." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20592.

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Master of Arts<br>Geography<br>John A. Harrington Jr<br>Kansas watershed projects have been responsible for reducing floodwater damage across the state since the formation of watershed districts, following the Kansas Watershed District Act of 1953. A total of 80 organized watershed districts now take on the responsibilities associated with watershed management and protecting the land uses within them. Today, Kansas watershed districts face challenges in completing nearly half of the 3,000 structures proposed since 1953. Insufficient funding, burdensome policy changes, and a declining interest from local board members and landowners are key challenges boards must overcome in addition to managing rapidly aging infrastructure and dealing with projects that have exceeded their life expectancy. Research methods used for this report include content analysis of general work plans, relevant federal and state policies, and interviews with local stakeholders. In order to understand the economic, political, social and geographic impacts of watershed development, the following issues are addressed: cost-benefit ratios using monetary and non-monetary benefits, differences between federal and state funding in regards to rehabilitation and best management practices, local perceptions of watershed development, and spatial factors that exist among watershed districts. This study found that watershed projects have the potential to provide up to $115 million each year in monetary and flood damage reduction benefits in Kansas protecting over 35,000 miles of transportation routes while providing recreation opportunities and enhancing environmental conservation efforts. Political and social impacts were identified through in-person interviews with 21 local stakeholders that include landowners, board members and state representatives, representing 21 different watershed districts. Perceptions of political and social issues indicate that when government assistance is available, watershed districts are more willing to deal with increased regulations. However, a lack of financial support that has existed in Kansas watershed districts over the last eight years has contributed to a general opposition of increased federal regulations and reluctance to continue building watershed structures. Spatial factors among watershed districts illustrate the spatial and temporal differences in district development, watershed structure construction, and precipitation gradients that influence land use and ecoregions between western and eastern Kansas.

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15

Kellon, Delanie. "Natural resource management in a Costa Rican watershed." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.

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16

Flanagan, Colleen Marie. "Understanding alpine watersheds in the Colorado Front Range: Phytoplankton community analysis and watershed education." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442971.

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17

Barahona, Ochoa Merilin Gisely. "Composition and structure of riparian woodlands in three sub-watersheds of Tuttle Creek Watershed." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17715.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources<br>Charles Barden<br>Spring Creek, Headwaters Robideux Creek, and Snipe Creek are sub-watersheds located within the Big Blue River Watershed, which drains to the Tuttle Creek Reservoir impoundment. This reservoir had a very high monetary investment since the beginning; unfortunately the lifespan for this marvel of engineering is declining rapidly due to high sedimentation rates. One of the programs for slowing the sedimentation process is the removal of highly erodible lands from agricultural production. This thesis work aimed to gather more knowledge on the natural riparian areas, to help the stakeholders of Kansas to improve their riparian woodland management decisions. The objective of the study was to characterize the structure and composition of natural riparian woodlands in three sub-watersheds of the Tuttle Creek Watershed. Data was collected using a representative sample design. Plot dimensions for mature tree data collection were 50ft by 30ft. For regeneration smaller, circular plots were used. Data analysis was completed with SAS 9.3. Results showed that trees per acre (TPA) differed significantly between Spring Creek and Snipe Creek, with Snipe Creek having the highest number of TPA. Quadratic mean diameter (QMD) also differed significantly in these two watersheds, with Spring Creek having the highest quadratic mean diameter. A different set of species was found in each watershed, with American elm (Ulmus americana) and hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) being found in high numbers in all areas. Regeneration data showed hackberry to be present in high numbers of both seedlings and saplings. Seedlings exhibited more species diversity than saplings. High economic value species were present in the natural riparian woodlands but in low numbers. Species of moderate economic value were predominant in terms of BA, TPA, and regeneration. Human impact on the riparian areas in the sub-watersheds was noticeable, both from livestock and forest management. Also invasive species were found in the riparian woodlands such as garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) and stinging nettles (Urtica diotica). Riparian areas have a great potential for improvement and management in the three sub-watersheds.

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18

Carey, Amy Dawn. "Calcium isotope dynamics in the Hubbard Brook sandbox experiments." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/summer2006/a%5Fcarey%5F072806.pdf.

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19

Lefevre, Robert E. "An Assessment of Watershed Condition and Possible Effects of Fire on Watersheds of Southeastern Arizona." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296502.

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20

Abdulla, Fayez Ahmad. "Regionalization of a macroscale hydrological model /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10151.

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21

Hense, Zina. "Stream fish populations in a watershed scale context for fish community dynamics in central Appalachian watersheds." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5259.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 97 p. : ill., maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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22

Coonrod, Julia E. Allred. "Suspended sediment yield in Texas watersheds /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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23

Gottfried, Gerald J., and Peter F. Ffolliott. "The Seven Springs Experimental Grassland Watersheds." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301340.

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24

Shandas, Vivek. "Towards an integrated approach to urban watershed planning : linking vegetation patterns, human preferences, and stream biotic conditions in the Puget Sound lowland /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10824.

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25

Turner, Andy W. Rabeni Charles F. "Watershed-sediment-biotic linkages in small streams of Missouri's Osage River Basin." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5358.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on January 19, 2010). Thesis advisor: Dr. Charles F. Rabeni. Includes bibliographical references.

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26

Tonderski, Andrzej. "Control of nutrient fluxes in large river basins /." Linköping : Tema, Univ, 1997. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp97/arts157s.htm.

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27

Gunduz, Orhan. "Coupled flow and contaminant transport modeling in large watersheds." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04092004-160146/unrestricted/gunduz%5Forhan%5F200405%5Fphd.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil & Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004.<br>Dr. Paul Work, Committee Member ; Dr. Philip Roberts, Committee Member ; Dr. Mustafa Aral, Committee Chair ; Dr. Terry Sturm, Committee Member ; Dr. Turgay Uzer, Committee Member. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 442-466).

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28

Emaruchi, Bunlur. "A hydrologic model for forested mountain watersheds." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0025/NQ35818.pdf.

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29

Nunes, João Pedro Carvalho. "Vulnerability of mediterranean watersheds to climate change." Doctoral thesis, FCT - UNL, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/1371.

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Desertification is a critical issue for Mediterranean drylands. Climate change is expected to aggravate its extension and severity by reinforcing the biophysical driving forces behind desertification processes: hydrology, vegetation cover and soil erosion. The main objective of this thesis is to assess the vulnerability of Mediterranean watersheds to climate change, by estimating impacts on desertification drivers and the watersheds’ resilience to them. To achieve this objective, a modeling framework capable of analyzing the processes linking climate and the main drivers is developed. The framework couples different models adapted to different spatial and temporal scales. A new model for the event scale is developed, the MEFIDIS model, with a focus on the particular processes governing Mediterranean watersheds. Model results are compared with desertification thresholds to estimate resilience. This methodology is applied to two contrasting study areas: the Guadiana and the Tejo, which currently present a semi-arid and humid climate. The main conclusions taken from this work can be summarized as follows: • hydrological processes show a high sensitivity to climate change, leading to a significant decrease in runoff and an increase in temporal variability; • vegetation processes appear to be less sensitive, with negative impacts for agricultural species and forests, and positive impacts for Mediterranean species; • changes to soil erosion processes appear to depend on the balance between changes to surface runoff and vegetation cover, itself governed by relationship between changes to temperature and rainfall; • as the magnitude of changes to climate increases, desertification thresholds are surpassed in a sequential way, starting with the watersheds’ ability to sustain current water demands and followed by the vegetation support capacity; • the most important thresholds appear to be a temperature increase of +3.5 to +4.5 ºC and a rainfall decrease of -10 to -20 %; • rainfall changes beyond this threshold could lead to severe water stress occurring even if current water uses are moderated, with droughts occurring in 1 out of 4 years; • temperature changes beyond this threshold could lead to a decrease in agricultural yield accompanied by an increase in soil erosion for croplands; • combined changes of temperature and rainfall beyond the thresholds could shift both systems towards a more arid state, leading to severe water stresses and significant changes to the support capacity for current agriculture and natural vegetation in both study areas.<br>Supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and the European Union under Operational Program “Science and Innovation” (POCI 2010), Ph.D. grant ref. SFRH/BD/5059/2001

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30

Lucas, Andrew K. "Soil Erosion Analysis of Watersheds in Series." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1338479427.

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31

Naik, Avani. "Trace Metal Fluxes in Southwest Ohio Watersheds." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1284740505.

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32

Teklitz, Allen. "Reliability Approach to Risk Management in Watersheds." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1460729370.

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33

Bauer, Richard D. "Optimization of detention ponds for urbanizing watersheds /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1559856651&sid=14&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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34

Young, Deborah J., and Malchus B. Jr Baker. "Management of Semi-Arid Watersheds: Technology Transfer." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296506.

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35

Hammond, Wagner Courtney Ryder. "Governing Water Quality Limits In Agricultural Watersheds." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1062.

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The diffuse runoff of agricultural nutrients, also called agricultural nonpoint source pollution (NPS), is a widespread threat to freshwater resources. Despite decades of research into the processes of eutrophication and agricultural nutrient management, social, economic, and political barriers have slowed progress towards improving water quality. A critical challenge to managing agricultural NPS pollution is motivating landowners to act against their individual farm production incentives in response to distant ecological impacts. The complexity of governing the social-ecological system requires improved understanding of how policy shapes farmer behavior to improve the state of water quality. This dissertation contributes both theoretically and empirically to NPS pollution governance by examining the impacts of water quality policy design on farmer nutrient management decision making and behavior. In the first study, I theoretically contextualize the issue of agricultural NPS pollution in the broader discussion of environmental public goods dilemmas to suggest that an increased focus on the link between policy and behavior can improve sustainable resource management. I propose two empirical approaches to study the policy-behavior link in environmental public goods dilemmas: 1) explicit incorporation of social psychological and behavioral variables and 2) utilization of actor mental models, or perceptions of the world that guide decision making, to identify behavioral drivers and outcomes. In the second and third studies, I then use these approaches to examine how water quality policies for agricultural NPS collectively change farmer behavior to reduce nutrient emissions. The second chapter uses a quantitative, survey-based approach to examine the relationship between mandatory policy design and behavior change in New Zealand. I find that a shift to mandatory policy is not immediately associated with increased adoption of nutrient management practices, but the mandatory policy design is important for potential future behavior change and long-term policy support. In the third study, I combine qualitative methodology with network analysis of qualitative data to examine a spectrum of agricultural NPS pollution policies in Vermont, USA and Taupo and Rotorua, New Zealand. I use farmer mental models to examine behavior change within each of the regions, the perceived drivers of behavior change and perceived outcomes of the policy. In this study, farmers across all three regions cite mandatory water policy as a key behavioral driver, but in each region, policy design interacts with the social-ecological context to produce distinct patterns of behaviors and perceived outcomes. Taken together, this dissertation demonstrates that agricultural NPS pollution policy design must consider the interactions between policy and other social-ecological behavioral drivers in order to achieve long term water quality improvements.

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36

Bari, Mohammed A. "A distributed conceptual model for stream salinity generation processes : a systematic data-based approach /." Connect to this title, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0058.

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37

Steele, Kelsi Lynne. "Atrazine best management practices : impact on water quality." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/660.

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38

Duke, Guy D., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "A GIS expert system for the delineation of watersheds in low-relief regions with rural infrastructure." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2003, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/203.

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Grid-based digital elevation models (DEMs) are used to simulate overland flow paths in hydrological models. The accuracy of these drainage patterns are dependent upon how well the DEM represents the terrain features that control runoff patterns. Often regional DEMs are not produced at scales small enough to represent rural infrastructure. The scale of runoff patterns that can be accurately modeled is, therefore, restricted, particularly when the terrain is relatively flat. The RIDEM (Rural Infrastructure Digital Elevation Model) model is presented that utilizes commonly available ancillary data to downscale grid-based runoff patterns. The resulting drainage patterns reflect drainage modifications imposed by rural infrastructure including: roads, ditches, culverts, and irrigation canals. Downscaling runoff patterns enables the completion of runoff studies at smaller scales. The model was implemented with the Oldman River watershed, Alberta, Canada to determine the spatial patterns of potential runoff contributing areas in three agricultural watersheds regularly contaminated by pathogens.<br>vii, 170 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.

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39

Benson, Matthew C. "An economic valuation of improved water quality in Opequon watershed." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4666.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 143 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (part col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-108).

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40

McDowell, William Charles. "A stock pond simulation model for chaparral watersheds in Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_99_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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41

Gangadean, Devananda. "Storm response of Sonoita Creek Watershed." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0048_m_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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42

Senter, Anne Elizabeth. "Wood Export and Deposition Dynamics in Mountain Watersheds." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10260979.

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<p> Wood dynamics that store, transport, break down, and ultimately export wood pieces through watershed networks are key elements of stream complexity and ecosystem health. Efforts to quantify wood processes are advancing rapidly as technological innovations in field data collection, remotely sensed data acquisition, and data analyses become increasingly sophisticated. The ability to extend the temporal and spatial scales of wood data acquisition has been particularly useful to the investigations presented herein. The primary contributions of this dissertation are focused on two aspects of wood dynamics: watershed-scale wood export processes as identified using the depositional environment of a mountain reservoir, and wood deposition mechanisms in a bedrock-dominated mountain river. Three chapters present this work: </p><p> In Chapter 1, continuous video monitoring of wood in transport revealed seasonal and diurnal hydrologic cycle influences on the variable rates at which wood transports. This effort supports the efficacy of utilizing continuous data collection methods for wood transport studies. Annual wood export data were collected via field efforts and aerial image analyses from New Bullards Bar Reservoir on the North Yuba River, Sierra Nevada, California. Examination of data revealed linkages between decadal-scale climatic patterns, large flood events, and episodic wood export quantities. A watershed-specific relation between wood export quantities and annual peak discharge contributes to the notion that peak discharge is a primary control on wood export, and yielded prediction of annual wood export quantities where no data were available. Linkages between seasonality, climatic components, and hydrologic events that exert variable control on watershed scale wood responses are presented as a functional framework. An accompanying conceptual model supports the framework presumption that wood responses are influenced by seasonal variations in Mediterranean-montane climate conditions and accompanying hydrologic responses. </p><p> Chapter 2 contains development of new theory in support of the introduction of multiplicative coefficients, categorized by water year type, that were used to predict wood export quantities via utilization of an existing discharge-based theoretical equation. This new theory was the product of continued investigations into watershed-scale factors in search of explanation of observed variation of wood export rates into New Bullards Bar Reservoir. The gap between known variability and the attribution of wood export to one hydrologic relation continues to be a persistent issue, as the hierarchical and stochastic temporal and spatial nature of wood budget components remain difficult to quantify. The development of “watershed processes” coefficients was specifically focused on a generalized, parsimonious approach using water year type categories, with validation exercises supporting the approach. In dry years, predictions more closely represented observed wood export quantities, whereas the previously derived annual peak discharge relation yielded large over-predictions. Additional data are needed to continue development of these watershed-specific coefficients. This new approach to wood export prediction may be beneficial in regulated river systems for planning purposes, and its efficacy could be tested in other watersheds. </p><p> Chapter 3 presents the results of an investigation into wood deposition mechanisms in a 12.2 km segment of the confined, bedrock-dominated South Yuba River watershed. Inclusion of coarse wood particles in the analyses was essential in recognizing depositional patterns, thus supporting the value of utilizing a wider wood-size range. A near-census data collection effort yielded myriad data, of which topographic wetted width and bed elevation data, developed for an observed 4.5-year flood event, were standardized in 10-m intervals and then univariate and linked values were ordered into landform classifications using decision tree analyses. Digital imagery collected via kite-blimp was mosaicked into a geographic information system and all resolvable wood pieces greater then 2.5 cm in one dimension were delineated and categorized into piece count density classes. Visual imagery was also key in identifying two river corridor terrains: bedrock outcrops and cobble-boulder-vegetation patches. A conceptual model framed an investigation into how topographic variability and structural elements might influence observed wood deposition dynamics. Forage ratio test results that quantified wood piece utilization versus interval availability revealed that high-density wood deposition patterns were most significantly co-located with five discrete bedrock outcrops that dominated small portions of the river corridor in high flow conditions. Topographic variations and cobble-boulder-vegetation patches were found to be subordinate factors in wood deposition patterns. Bedrock outcrops with specific structural components were the primary depositional environments that acted as floodplain extents for coarse wood deposition, with mechanisms such as topographic steering, eddying, trapping, stranding, backwater effects, and lateral roughness features inferred to be responsible for observed wood deposition patterns.</p><p>

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43

MALTA, FERNANDO FERRAZ. "BUSINESS ROLE IN WATERSHEDS: MOTIVATIONS, BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=26289@1.

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Este trabalho objetiva a definir as motivações, benefícios e limitações de atuação – e protagonismo – de empresas para a gestão dos recursos hídricos em nível de bacia hidrográfica. Aborda a bacia como espaço de conflito e cooperação, demonstrando como o conflito ante a escassez hídrica atual ou iminente é constantemente o resultado da (falta de) interação cooperativa entre os atores. Aprofunda, ainda, sobre a disputa pelo uso da água ante a lógica da interdependência água-energia-alimento e argumenta, a partir de uma análise da Teoria dos Jogos, que o conflito é consequência da falta de diálogo e de expectativas diferentes entre os atores. Por fim, demonstra como esses gaps podem ser, e já são, superados a partir da liderança de atores empresariais, enfatizando os ganhos potenciais da ação e gargalos para seu sucesso.<br>The economic and population growth of the last two centuries presents a clear challenge to the management of water resources, easily explained by the relationship between supply and demand as well. Going beyond the usual categorization on the availability of fresh and salt water in the world, as important it is to mention the total amount of water on Earth. The water supply remains stable in absolute amounts on the planet, ranging just from where it can be captured and subsequent used, as well as its quality. Natural to say that water security is closely connected to food, energy, climate and, ultimately, to the classic sense of security of countries. It should be considered the tenuous balance between water availability and its multiple uses; agricultural production and the supply needs; generation by hydropower and growing energy demand; and changes of the hydrological cycle and changes in rainfall and flow. Globally, it is projected a growth of over 60 percent on water demand, driven mainly by rising industrial demand and power generation. (OECD, 2012) In Brazil, water management is largely decentralized since 1997 s Water Law. This means that the discussions, definitions, policies and actions with respect to water resources management in Brazil is made largely by local actors that are more affected. Institutionally, the Watershed Committees are the formal space for this dialogue. In this dynamic of Watershed Committees, given that participation is precisely from those who have the most interest in better use by availability and quality of water of the watershed, there is a great possibility that those users make choices that optimize the potential for multiple uses water, maximizing the possibility of continuity of their activities. This work analyzes the duality between conflict and cooperation in these scenarios, especially at the logic of the water-energy-food nexus. To this end, it uses concepts of Games Theory to demonstrate how rational actors tend to take collective decisions potentially bad for everyone precisely due their visions of maximization of their own gains. Finally, in the other hand, it presents the overcoming of these joint performance gaps in favor of the collective good from the institutionalization of a better-concerted action by the leadership of the business sector.

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44

Malone, Edward Thomas. "Development of nitrogen cycling in recently deglaciated watersheds." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5338/.

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Perturbation of natural environments through anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs and climate change significantly alter soil systems. Few pristine environments remain in which to study natural controls on the development of soil N cycling over time and thus increase our understanding of the natural development of such mechanisms. This study took place in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (GBNP), southeast Alaska. This area presented a unique opportunity to study microbial cycling in near pristine soil systems. Six river catchments were selected for study across a chronosequence of 200 years of primary succession. Within each watershed soil nutrient content and microbial processes where evaluated to determine a time frame for development. Samples were collected from riparian and wider catchment areas in order to investigate the effects of dominant vegetation types and slope steepness. These data were coupled with percent vegetation type generated by analysis of satellite imagery allowing the scaling up of soil variables. A key finding of this research was that vegetation type is the primary influence on nitrogen cycling processes and soil characteristics. With increasing age potential microbial activity increased in particular nitrification, which linked with the low soil NO\(_3\)- indicated a large heterotrophic microbial community in older soils.

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45

Karim, Karim. "Assessing integrated watershed management and spatial groundwater vulnerability to pollution in priority watersheds of the Yacyreta Dam in Paraguay." Thesis, Bangor University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520824.

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46

Rapp, Joshua. "Spatial analysis of catchment characteristics in relation to water quality using remote sensing and geographic information systems /." Spatial analysis of catchment characteristics in relation to water quality using remote sensing and geographic information systemsRead the abstract of the thesis, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17469.pdf.

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47

Comarova, Zoia A. Ms. "Assessment of Watershed Model Simplification and Potential Application in Small Ungaged Watersheds: A Case Study of Big Creek, Atlanta, GA." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses/36.

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Technological and methodological advances of the past few decades have provided hydrologists with advanced and increasingly complex hydrological models. These models improve our ability to simulate hydrological systems, but they also require a lot of detailed input data and, therefore, have a limited applicability in locations with poor data availability. From a case study of Big Creek watershed, a 186.4 km2 urbanizing watershed in Atlanta, GA, for which continuous flow data are available since 1960, this project investigates the relationship between model complexity, data availability and predictive performance in order to provide reliability factors for the use of reduced complexity models in areas with limited data availability, such as small ungaged watersheds in similar environments. My hope is to identify ways to increase model efficiency without sacrificing significant model reliability that will be transferable to ungaged watersheds.

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48

Kim, Dongjin. "Estimating nutrient loads from diffuse pollution sources in agricultural watersheds : A case study on the daechung watershed in South Korea." Thesis, University of York, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516571.

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49

Baldyga, Tracy J. "Spatially explicit multiple objective decision support for rural watersheds." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1798966651&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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JR, CRISTINO LALICA TIBURAN. "A GEOSPATIAL-BASED VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT APPROACH OF PHILIPPINE WATERSHEDS." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157882.

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