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Tesis sobre el tema "Working memory"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021

Última modificación: 25 de julio de 2025

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1

Morris, Neil Gerald. "Working memory constellations." Thesis, Durham University, 1986. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7057/.

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Evidence is presented that supports the view that most models of short-term memory cannot account for the flexibility of the primary memory system. It is argued that the working memory model outlined by Baddeley and Hitch (1974) is, however, a potentially adequate model. Working memory, in this thesis, is depicted as a system that assembles 'constellations' consisting of the central executive and one or more sub-systems. This view suggests a formulation that is considerably more complex than the 1974 model. The empirical studies examine the role of the visuo-spatial scratch pad in the formatio

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2

Tsukahara, Jason Seiichi. "The Role of Working Memory Resources in Mind Wandering: The Difference Between Working Memory Capacity and Working Memory Load." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/81.

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There is no consensus on the relationship between working memory resources and mind wandering. The purpose of the current study is to investigate whether mind wandering requires working memory resources to be sustained. The resource-demanding view is that mind wandering requires working memory resources to sustain an internal train of thought (Smallwood, 2010). The resource-free view is that mind wandering is a result of executive control failures and this internal train of thought proceeds in a resource-free manner (McVay & Kane, 2010). Participants were presented with thought probes while th

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3

Jin, Ya-shyuan. "Is working memory working in consecutive interpreting?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4451.

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It is generally agreed that language interpreting is cognitively demanding; how- ever, to date there is little evidence to indicate how working memory is involved in the task, perhaps due to methodological limitations. Based on a full considera- tion of key components of interpreting, two series of experiments were conducted to explore how working memory might play a role in discourse and sentence inter- preting. If working memory is implicated both in grammatical encoding into the target language, and in temporary storage of the discourse content, then higher demand in one function might comp

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4

DeFraine, William C. "Defining affective working memory." Winston-Salem, NC : Wake Forest University, 2009. http://dspace.zsr.wfu.edu/jspui/handle/10339/42598.

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5

Zokaei, N. "Modulation of working memory." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1393276/.

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Visual working memory, a limited temporary storage system for relevant information, is a critical contributor to many essential cognitive functions. In this thesis, I aimed to investigate some of the mechanisms underlying working memory in healthy humans and neurological patients, as well as its modulation by processes attributed to attention and the neurotransmitter dopamine. There currently is an important controversy regarding models of working memory. I investigated whether a resource model of memory (which argues for a limited resource distributed amongst to-be-remembered items) might be

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6

Ralston, George Eastop. "Visuo-spatial working memory." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9595.

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This study set out to investigate the visuo-spatial component of Baddeley and Hitch's (1974) Working Memory framework. The development of our understanding of this component has been less dramatic than that of its verbal counterpart, the Articulatory Loop. The primary reason for this can be said to be the lack of techniques for investigation (Logie, 1986). This thesis presents one attempt to try to explore the nature of this code and to reveal possible new techniques of investigation. The following are three possible areas of investigation : 1. Is the system spatially or visually based? 2. Doe

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7

Klyn, Niall Andre Munson. "Working Memory for Rhythm." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1324305411.

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8

Glas, Brittany Michelle. "Working Memory and Aphasia." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144356.

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9

Tuthill, Frank. "The Effects of Working Memory Training and Encoding Strategy on Working Memory Capacity." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/638.

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Undergraduate students from California State University, San Bernardino were recruited to examine the effects of working memory training and encoding strategy upon working memory capacity. Participants will be prescreened for low working memory capacity, and then will be tested on a battery of complex span measures. Participants will be divided into several strategy conditions: rehearsal, visual, and control. Then participants will be tested on their verbal working memory both before and after the 20 session n-back working memory training program. Participants are predicted to do the same or w

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10

Eastwood, Adrienne E. "Memory or attention?, understanding working memory in children." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65235.pdf.

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11

Ioannou, Panagiotis. "Computational modelling of working memory." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658622.

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Computational modelling empowers scientists to test hypotheses that they could not have done so otherwise, mainly because of the complexity of the system to be tested. In order to investigate particular postulates, computational neuroscientists build quantitative models of the central nervous system in great detail, and in different levels of organisation. In this thesis, by simulating morphologically reconstructed neurons and composing networks consisting of these neurons, we investigate and aim to bridge the gap between neuroscientific hypotheses and levels of organisation. All of our invest

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12

Sanderson, Katherine Elizabeth. "Working memory efficacy and aging." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2006. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/397/.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the effects of age on visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSSP) slave system processes and central executive working memory processes within the context of the multicomponent working memory model originally proposed by Baddeley & Hitch (1974). Previous cognitive aging research has tended to use general measures of working memory and little evidence has examined the effects of age specifically within the context of the multicomponent model. A series of seven studies was undertaken utilising a quasi-experimental design. Data was collected from convenience samples of you

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13

Robson, Adam Jago. "Analogical reasoning and working memory." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3625/.

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Analogical Reasoning (AR) is the ability to find a relationship between two objects that is not based on featural (attribute-based) similarities. As such, reasoning by analogy is thought to be crucial in learning and scientific discovery. Analogies have played an important role in the conceptualisation of both IQ (Spearman, 1927) and cognitive development (Piaget, Montangero & Billeter, 1977). Yet very little is understood regarding the component processes which underlie analogical thought. Recently, there has been a resurgent interest in the field: one brought about by modern computational me

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14

Wallis, George J. "Selection mechanisms for working memory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1a9be8d6-9f8e-49af-8185-8be4c890010f.

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The experiments in this thesis investigated the mechanisms controlling input and output gating of working memory. In chapter 3, accuracy and reaction time data from a precision/capacity working memory task with prospective and retrospective cues were analysed. The results suggest that retrocues boost performance by facilitating output gating from working memory. In chapter 4, the role of perceptual cortex in mediating the cue benefits in this task was investigated with magnetoencephalography (MEG). The pattern of alpha (8-12Hz) power in visual cortex was modulated by cue direction following bo

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15

Mok, Robert. "Working memory in healthy ageing." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:36594546-962e-4f81-ad91-589dcd96f029.

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This thesis is concerned with the age-related changes in working memory (WM), and the inter-individual differences in cognitive and neural mechanisms that correspond to healthy versus poor ageing of WM function. The first half of this thesis focusses on the age-related decline in WM and whether preserved top-down attentional control could mitigate such deficits. In Chapter 2, I present a functional MRI study showing that older adults reliably recruit brain networks that subserve cognitive control, which work in concert with the task relevant sensory areas during effective selective WM. In Chap

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16

Katz, David P. "The Fractionation of Working Memory." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1559732086225506.

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17

Giofrè, David. "Geometry, working memory and intelligence." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423374.

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Geometry is a fundamental part of mathematical learning. Since ancient time the study of geometry was considered as one of the most important subjects in school. In the arcade of the famous school of Athens, where Plato taught, it was written that entry was not permitted to people who did not know geometry. In the Renaissance period, geometry was part of the 'quadrivium', which was considered a needed work preparatory for a serious study of philosophy. Nevertheless, despite geometry is one of the main areas of mathematical learning, the cognitive processes underlying geometry-related academic

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18

Ivarsson, Magnus, and Stefan Strohmayer. "Working memory training improves arithmetic skills and verbal working memory capacity in children with ADHD." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-49618.

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Children with ADHD diagnosis often display working memory deficits, as well as reading and mathematical disabilities. Previous studies have demonstrated that computerized working memory training (WMT) is a promising intervention. The present study aimed at exploring the effects of WMT on working memory, scholastic skills and behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD. Thirty-two children, aged 6 to 11, were randomized to WMT or a control condition. WMT consisted of nine tasks taxing working memory with adaptive difficulty level. All children trained in their homes, with their parents acting as

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19

Stone, James Michael. "How does practice affect working memory? : the efficacy of adaptive-difficulty working memory training programs." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/85682/.

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Working memory refers to a mental ’workbench’ whereby new or goal relevant information is held in a readily accessible state in order to achieve success with cognitive problems. Working memory has been shown to be relevant to individual differences in many aspect of cognition including fluid intelligence, while also identified as a core deficit in cognitive developmental disorders. Therefore the possibility that working memory capacity is trainable, and that such interventions produce generalisable cognitive benefits is highly noteworthy. Following these initial claims from early studies using

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20

Roome, Hannah. "The accessibility of memory items in children's working memory." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/80979/.

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This thesis investigates the processes and systems that support recall in working memory. In particular it seeks to apply ideas from the adult-based dual-memory framework (Unsworth & Engle, 2007b) that claims primary memory and secondary memory are independent contributors to working memory capacity. These two memory systems are described as domain-general processes that combine control of attention and basic memory abilities to retain information. The empirical contribution comprises five experiments that specify how adults and children access, manage and report memory representations held in

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21

Braasch, Marie Y. "The Effects of Age and Working Memory Ability on Frontal Lobe Oxygenation During Working Memory Tasks." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1275937579.

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22

Gaunt, Joshua T. "Microsaccades and visual-spatial working memory /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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23

Wesenick, Maria-Barbara. "Limitations of Human Visual Working Memory." Diss., lmu, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-18677.

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24

Vockenberg, Kerstin. "Updating of representations in working memory." Phd thesis, kostenfrei, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1176/.

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25

Westerberg, Helena. "Working memory : development, disorders and training /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-881-5/.

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26

Payne, Tabitha W. "Working memory capacity and pitch discrimination." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28831.

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27

Wilsch, Anna. "Neural oscillations in auditory working memory." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-177313.

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The present thesis investigated memory load and memory decay in auditory working memory. Alpha power as a marker for memory load served as the primary indicator for load and decay fluctuations hypothetically reflecting functional inhibition of irrelevant information. Memory load was induced by presenting auditory signals (syllables and pure-tone sequences) in noise because speech-in-noise has been shown before to increase memory load. The aim of the thesis was to assess with magnetoencephalography whether a-priori temporal expectations for the onset-time of a to-be-remembered stimulus reduces

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28

Terrence, Peter. "TACTILE WORKING MEMORY AND MULTIMODAL LOADING." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3584.

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This work explored the role of spatial grouping, set size, and stimulus probe modality using a recall task for visual, auditory, and tactile information. The effects of different working memory (WM) loading task modalities were also examined. The Gestalt spatial organizing principle of grouping showed improvements in response times for visual and tactile stimulus probes with large set sizes and apparently allowed participants to effectively chunk the information. This research suggests that tactile information may use spatial characteristics typically associated with visual information, as wel

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29

Holmes, Joni. "Working memory and children's mathematical skills." Thesis, Durham University, 2005. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2205/.

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Previous studies which examined the relationship between working memory (WM) ability and children's mathematics performance typically measured mathematics ability as a general skill (e.g. Gathercole & Pickering, 2000a) or mental arithmetic ability (e.g. Adams & Hitch, 1997), used number- or digit-based WM assessments and did not control for individual differences in a child's general ability (e.g. intelligence). The aim of this thesis was to extend this research to investigate the associations between the components of the tripartite WM model (e.g. Baddeley, 1986) and a range of mathematical s

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30

Brady, Timothy F. "Structured representations in visual working memory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68420.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-195).<br>How much visual information can we hold in mind at once? A large body of research has attempted to quantify the capacity of visual working memory by focusing on how many individual objects or visual features can be actively maintained in memory. This thesis presents a novel theoretical framework for understanding working memory capacity, suggesting that our memory representations are complex and str

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31

Möbius, Peter. "Working memory and second language comprehension." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621230.

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32

Gamsby, Christopher William. "Working Memory Updating using Meaningful Trigraphs." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1459339645.

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33

Kniele, Kathryn Kloss Jacqueline D. "Emotional expressivity and working memory capacity /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/399.

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34

Souza, Amarildo Lemes de. "Working memory and L2 vocabulary learning." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/160546.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Inglês: Estudos Linguísticos e Literários, Florianópolis, 2015.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-15T13:14:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 337911.pdf: 3308843 bytes, checksum: faac5426183647e8e4b2324f2b9d50a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015<br>Abstract : Among the cognitive systems that underlie learning and use of a secondlanguage (L2), working memory emerges as one of the most studied andinfluential over the past 35 years (Dehn, 2011). Working memory is thes

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35

Fried, Peter Jacob. "Functional asymmetries in human working memory." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/10997.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University<br>Working memory is the cognitive ability to maintain and manipulate information in mind to guide behavior. This relies on the coordinated activity of a bilateral brain network, which has been modeled as a central executive in control of separate storage systems for verbal and spatial information. Evidence from human and nonhuman primate research demonstrates that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is critical for manipulating information in working memory. However, whether the dlPFC is dissociable by the domain of information remains unsettled. Recen

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36

Threadgold, Emma. "The relationship between processing and memory in working memory development." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.656860.

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Working memory is the ability to simultaneously process and store information (Baddeley, 1986). Complex span tasks, such as reading span, are a widely used paradigm to investigate working memory recall (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). This thesis presents six experiments that investigate processing and memory relationships in children and adults complex span performance. Experiments 1 to 3 found processing speed significantly influences children's recall in a reading, operation and listening; span task. Evidence is provided for a developmental shift in the importance of processing speed in reading

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37

Morey, Candice Coker. "Maintaining cross-domain objects and features in working memory implications for storage in models of working memory /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4889.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on February 26, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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38

Carter, Carole. "Children's working memory and academic achievement : the relationship between visuo-spatial working memory and progress in arithmetic." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393052.

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39

Sevey, Brittany Christine. "Mathematics anxiety, working memory, and mathematics performance: Effectiveness of a working memory intervention on reducing mathematics anxiety." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1302371469.

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40

Smith-Spark, James Hugo. "Memory in adult dyslexics : an exploration of the working memory system." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434725.

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41

Click, Ivy A., S. K. Thacker, BK S. Beale, G. D. Frye, and Russell W. Brown. "Mecamylamine Blocks Nicotine’s Enhancement of Reference Memory but Not Working Memory." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6423.

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42

Sahu, Aparna A. "The Roles of Individual Differences and Working Memory in Episodic Memory." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1365166387.

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43

Niese, Adam Trent. "The Relationship between visual working memory and visual long-term memory." Diss., University of Iowa, 2008. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/210.

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This dissertation evaluated whether Visual Working Memory (VWM) is a distinct memory system or if it is an activated state of Visual Long Term Memory (VLTM). These two positions suggest different roles for VLTM representations in the performance of VWM. If VWM representations are an activated state of VLTM representations, it seems plausible that strong VLTM representations should facilitate VWM performance. However, if the two representations are actually distinct, it seems less likely that a facilitation interaction between VLTM and VWM representations should be observed. Five experiments we

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44

Smith, Lauren M. "Rumination, negative affect and working memory| Does rumination moderate the relationship between negative affect induction and working memory?" Thesis, Seattle Pacific University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3593597.

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<p> Depression affects about 20% of the U.S. population at some point in their lifespan (Gotlib & Hammen, 2002). One symptom of depression is impairment in cognitive functioning. Extensive research has previously identified a link between depressed mood and memory difficulties (Burt, Zembar, & Niederehe, 1995; O'Conner, Pollitt, Roth, Brook, & Reiss, 1990; Watkins & Teasdale, 2004). The purpose of the current study is to better understand the relationship between negative affect and memory impairment. I hypothesized that rumination would moderate the relationship between ne

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45

Pertab, Jon Leroy. "The Neural Systems of Working Memory: The Sternberg Working Memory Task in a Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Sample." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2520.

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Working memory tasks are associated with the activation of widely distributed neural networks. The Sternberg working memory task has been used to explore the neural correlates associated with changes in memory load and the resolution of interference. Preliminary research suggests that the integrity of the anterior cingulate is correlated with resolving load adjustments but not in resolving interference demands; the opposite pattern of associations have been observed with the right middle frontal gyrus.Participants in the present study were 28 children who had sustained moderate to severe traum

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46

Harrison, Tyler Leland. "The role of working memory capacity and fluid intelligence in the organization of memory." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53115.

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One of the best ways to increase memory performance on a task is to organize the to-be-remembered material (Postman, 1972). Throughout a number of experiments, the amount a subject organizes a list of words has been shown to be related to their overall recall performance (e.g., Mandler & Pearlstone, 1966). However, few studies have investigated whether other cognitive abilities are related to the organization of memory and whether these other abilities contribute to the relationship between organization and memory performance. In the present study subjects completed four sets of multitrial fre

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47

Lin, Mingkuan. "Genetic association study of spatial working memory." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4591.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2009.<br>Vita: p. 120. Thesis director: Karl J. Fryxell. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Bioinformatics. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 12, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-119). Also issued in print.

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48

Karakuyu, Dilek. "Dopaminergic and serotonergic modulation of working memory." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970180993.

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49

Barbosa, João Moura. "Neural network mechanisms of working memory interference." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669202.

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Our ability to memorize is at the core of our cognitive abilities. How could we effectively make decisions without considering memories of previous experiences? Broadly, our memories can be divided in two categories: long-term and short-term memories. Sometimes, short-term memory is also called working memory and throughout this thesis I will use both terms interchangeably. As the names suggest, long-term memory is the memory you use when you remember concepts for a long time, such as your name or age, while short-term memory is the system you engage while choosing between different wines at t

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50

Gozenman, Filiz. "Interaction Of Probability Learning And Working Memory." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614535/index.pdf.

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Probability learning is the ability to establish a relationship between stimulus and outcomes based on occurrence probabilities using repetitive feedbacks. Participants learn the task according to the cue-outcome relationship, and try to gain in depth understanding of this relationship throughout the experiment. While learning is at the highest level, people rely on their working memory. In this study 20 participants were presented a probability learning task, and their prefrontal cortex activity was measured with functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. It was hypothesized that as participants

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