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Cocker, Hayley Louise. "Youth, multiple selves and alcohol consumption : how young consumers navigate multiple selves within a risky consumption context". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.668129.
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Palm, Anna. "Studies on routine inquiry about violence victimization and alcohol consumption in youth clinics". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Obstetrik & gynekologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-307393.
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Objectives: Violence victimization is common in youth, and the association between victimization and ill-health is well established. Youth is also the period when alcohol risk drinking is most prevalent. At youth clinics in Västernorrland, Sweden, a randomized controlled intervention was conducted examining health outcomes and risk drinking after implementing routine inquiry about violence victimization and alcohol consumption. Methods: Participants in the intervention group underwent routine inquiry about violence victimization and alcohol consumption. Victimized participants received empowering strategies and were offered further counseling. Risk drinkers received motivational interviewing (MI). All participants answered questionnaires about sociodemography and health at baseline, at 3 months and at 12 months. Of 1,445 eligible young women, 1,051 (73%) participated, with 54% of them completing the 12-month follow-up. Males were excluded from the quantitative analysis owing to the low number of male participants. Fifteen research interviews examining the experience of routine inquiry were conducted. Results: Violence-victimized young women reported more ill health than non-victimized women did. This was especially evident for those who had been multiply victimized. There were no differences in health outcomes between the baseline and the 12-month follow-up for the intervention group and for the control group. Of the victimized women in the intervention group, 14% wanted and received further counseling. There was a significant decrease in risk drinking from baseline to follow-up, but no differences between the MI group and the controls. There was a large intra-individual mobility in the young women’s drinking behavior. In interviews, the participants described how questions about violence had helped them to process prior victimization. For some, this initiated changes such as leaving a destructive relationship or starting therapy. The participants considered risk drinking in terms of consequences and did not find unit-based guidelines useful. Conclusion: Violence victimization, especially multiple victimization, was strongly associated with ill health in young women. Routine inquiry about violence and subsequent follow-up led to a high degree of disclosure but did not improve self-reported health. However, victimized participants described talking about prior victimization as very helpful. Participants viewed risk drinking in terms of consequences rather than in quantity or frequency of alcohol, which may render unit-based drinking guidelines less useful when addressing risk drinking in youth.
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Nyström, Liv y Jessica Korneliussen. "Alkoholens gråzon : Popularitet, grupptryck, föräldrars alkoholsyn samt ortstorlekens relation till ungdomars alkoholkonsumtion". Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55236.
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I Sverige hamnar ungdomar mellan 18 och 19 år i en gråzon angående laglighet och alkohol. Tidigare forskning finns i mängder om ungdomar och alkohol, men en lucka finns gällande Sveriges gråzon. Denna studie hade som syfte att besvara hur relationen mellan ungdomars alkoholkonsumtion och popularitet, grupptryck, föräldrars alkoholsyn samt ortstorlek såg ut. Enkäten besvarades av 128 gymnasieungdomar i både mindre och större orter i Sverige. Frågorna gällande alkohol baserades på IQ:s alkoholprofil, och frågorna om popularitet och grupptryck konstruerades ursprungligen av Santor et al (2000). Materialet analyserades i SPSS genom en multipel regressionsanalys och Pearsonkorrelationer. Resultaten visade främst att grupptryck var den starkaste prediktorn för ökad alkoholkonsumtion. Vidare visade det sig att strikta föräldrar genererade lägre alkoholskonsumtion, och att mindre orter innebar mer olagligt drickande. Studien kan bidra till ökad förståelse för ungdomars alkoholkultur samt kan vara till nytta för skolhälsan.
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Maung, Maung Than Htike Orapin Pitakmahaket. "Effect of family and peer connectedness on tobacco and alcohol consumption among high school adolescents in the Northern Shan State, Myanmar /". Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd404/4938534.pdf.
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O'Quin, Karen. "Examination of County Level Differences in Drinking Consequences, Urbanicity, Poverty, and Alcohol Outlet Density among the Most-at-Risk and Least-at-Risk Counties in Georgia". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/71.
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Introduction: Adolescents in the United States use alcohol more than any other substance, including tobacco and marijuana. Continuing alcohol misuse has numerous adverse health effects and is linked to liver disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease and neurological damage. Furthermore, alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for unsafe sexual behaviors, unintentional injuries, physical and sexual assaults, various types of illegal activities, and suicide (USDHHS, 2007). Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the individual social indicators from 4 categories that have been identified within the literature as being particularly associated with alcohol consumption in general, and underage alcohol consumption in particular. The categories used were: drinking consequences, urbanicity, poverty, and alcohol outlet density. The social indicators in these categories will be compared in the 10 most-at-risk counties (MAR) and the 10 least-at-risk counties (LAR), and the 20 MAR counties and the 20 LAR counties, as they relate to underage alcohol consumption. Methods: The counties were identified in and data was obtained from Governor’s Cooperative Agreement State Incentive Planning and Development Grant: Social Indicator Study to Assess Substance Use Prevention Needs at the State and County Levels in Georgia. An independent 2-tailed t-test was conducted to compare the means of groups in both the 10 MAR/LAR counties and the 20 MAR/LAR counties. Results: Significant differences were observed in all of the individual indicators in the poverty and alcohol outlet density categories for both the 10 MAR/LAR counties and the 20 MAR/LAR counties. Discussion: There needs to be a more accurate, specific and efficient methods of data surveillance concerning underage drinking behavior. Further research should focus on urbanicity, poverty, and alcohol outlet density as they relate to underage alcohol consumption. There were differences observed between the MAR and LAR counties in all of the poverty alcohol outlet density indicators, and researchers and policy makers should pay special attention to these two areas when designing further research and prevention policies.
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Critchlow, Nathan. "An investigation into digital alcohol marketing and user-created alcohol promotion, and the association with young adult's alcohol-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25798.
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Context: There are two ways that digital media may influence alcohol use. The first is commercial alcohol marketing. The second is user-created alcohol promotion, defined as content distributed through new media that promotes consumption, but independent of commercial marketing. This thesis explores how both types of content promote alcohol, what association there is between exposure and alcohol-related attitudes and behaviour, and the differences between marketing and user-created promotion. Method: A mixed method design was employed, divided into two studies. The first was a content analysis of the design features, topical references, and messages suggested about alcohol in digital marketing and user-created promotion on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. The second was a cross-sectional survey with young adults (n = 405). This measured awareness of, and participation with, digital marketing and user-created promotion, and the association with consumption, higher-risk drinking, brand recall, expectancies, and drinking motives. Results: The content analysis found that digital marketing had personalised designs which contained subtle and positive messages about consumption, whereas user-created promotion had simpler designs, displayed little ethical practice, and contained overt messages about higher-risk drinking. The cross-sectional survey found that young adults were aware of, and participating with, both digital marketing and user-created promotion, with exposure greater for the latter. Exposure to both types of content was positively associated with alcohol use, higher-risk consumption, and drinking intentions. User-created promotion had a stronger association with all outcomes than marketing. The association between exposure and consumption, for both types of content, was mediated through drinking motives and expectancies. Conclusion: Young adults are aware of, and participating with, a range of digital marketing and user-created promotion. That such exposure is associated with alcohol-related attitudes and behaviour highlights the potential of new media to influence alcohol consumption. Further research is required to better understand young people’s experience with digital media and the challenges of addressing online health risk messages.
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Merchant, Zain Farook. "A study on the depiction of drug usage, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking in movies and its perceived effect on a young audience. A comparative study of American and Indian cinema and their respective Audiences". Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4826.
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This study analyzes the depiction of drug usage, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in
movies in terms of character stereotyping and typecasting. Because movies are focused on making money they are being used as marketing tools by alcohol and cigarette conglomerates (Grube, 2004). The study also explores youth perception of such content and tries to determine the behavioral implications or influence of such content on young children. The goal of this research is to analyze the social cognitive influence of movies on the youth and the effects of censorship in movies today. The research compares this effect in the two largest movie markets - the American market (Hollywood) and the Indian market (Bollywood) and the effect of these depictions on the youth to see whether this issue warrants a global understanding and awareness. The aim of this study is to understand the nature of the movie markets and the depiction of such content in movies. It analyses the issue solely from the perspective of a youth audience to better understand how the youth today perceive movies and to see if depiction of cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and drug usage has a positive or negative effect on the youth audience. A part of the analysis of the study is to also better understand censorship techniques employed for both movie markets to see if they are effective or need to be improved upon. Finally the study asks the question of social responsibility and whether movies and movie stars have a responsibility to maintain higher censorship standards or they are merely depiction art through the medium and should not be held accountable for their depictions on screen.
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Maknavičiūtė, Vaida. "Alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos situacija Lietuvoje". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080620_113922-13237.
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Darbo tikslas. Išanalizuoti alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos situaciją Lietuvoje, gyventojų požiūrį į jos draudimą.
Darbo uždaviniai.
1. Išanalizuoti esamą alkoholinių gėrimų reklamą.
2. Nustatyti moksleivių požiūrį į alkoholinių gėrimų reklamą.
3. Nustatyti gyventojų požiūrį į alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos draudimą.
4. Išanalizuoti esminius reklamos kūrimo principus, įvertinti jų naudojimą reklamuojant alkoholinius gėrimus.
5. Įvertinti esamos alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos atitikimą egzistuojančiai įstatyminei bazei, jos pobūdį.
Tyrimo metodika. 2007 m. rugsėjo mėn. alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos monitoringo duomenų analizė. Viešosios nuomonės tyrimas. Alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos analizė, atitikimas įstatyminei bazei. Kokybinis moksleivių nuomonės tyrimas.
Rezultatai. Lyginant televiziją, spaudą, radiją bei lauko reklamą, daugiausiai alkoholinių gėrimų reklamų 2007 m. rugsėjo mėnesį buvo televizijoje, čia reklama pasiekia daugiausiai gyventojų. Nors stipriųjų alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos transliacijos laikas televizijoje ribojamas, tačiau jas matė 56 proc. tyrime dalyvavusių moksleivių, o 44 proc. apklaustųjų nurodė stipriųjų alkoholinių gėrimų reklamas matę spaudoje. Beveik pusė apklaustų respondentų pritaria alkoholinių gėrimų reklamos uždraudimui. Nors alkoholis yra ypatinga ir valstybės kontroliuojama prekė, jo reklamai naudojamos beveik visos priemonės, kurios naudojamos ir kitų prekių ar produktų reklamai.
Išvados.
1. Dažniausiai alkoholiniai gėrimai reklamuojami televizijoje ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Aim of the study. To analyze the situation of alcohol advertising in Lithuania and the attitude of Lithuanians towards the ban of alcohol advertising. Objectives. 1. To analyze the advertising of alcoholic beverages. 2. To identify the attitude of school students towards the advertising of alcoholic beverages. 3. To determine the attitude of Lithuanian inhabitants towards the ban of alcohol advertising. 4. To analyze the fundamental principles of how advertising is being created and to estimate its application while advertising alcoholic beverages. 5. To evaluate if the current advertisements of alcoholic beverages conform with the present legal basis and its nature. Methods. Gathered data analysis using monitoring of alcoholic beverage advertisements. Public opinion poll. Advertising analysis of alcoholic beverages and its conformance with legal basis. The quantitative school’s pupil’s survey. Results. After comparing the number of advertisements showed on television, print press, radio and outdoor ads showed in September of 2007, it was identified that most of alcoholic beverage ads were showed on TV, as this kind of advertising reaches the majority of people. Although the broadcast time for advertising strong alcoholic beverages on TV is restricted, these ads were seen by 56 percent of pupils participating in the research and 44 percent admitted seeing strong alcoholic beverage ads in the printing press. Almost half of the polled pupils approve the banning of advertising... [to full text]
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McIntosh, Kimberly Ann. "Motives for drinking, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related consequences in a Vancouver youth sample". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3699.
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This longitudinal investigation examined motives for alcohol use, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related consequences in a Vancouver, British Columbia youth sample (n = 405). Secondary analyses were performed on data that were collected at two time points (1995-1996 and 2003-2004). Sociodemographic variables included age, gender, adoption status, parent education, household moves, and family net worth. Bivariate correlations and structural equation modeling were used to examine associations between social, enhancement, and coping motives, alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences. The social motives included drinking to be sociable and drinking to add to the enjoyment of meals. Enhancement motives included drinking to feel good. Coping motives included: drinking to help you relax, drinking to forget worries, and drinking to feel less shy and inhibited.
In the final longitudinal structural equation model combining T1 motives and both T1 and T2 alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences, results showed endorsement at T1 of drinking to forget worries was predictive of the alcohol-related consequences latent factor at T1. Moreover, T1 consequences were predictive of alcohol-related consequences at T2. The data show a positive relationship between T1 endorsement of drinking to feel good and the alcohol consumption latent variables at both T1 and T2, but no relationship between drinking to feel good and the alcohol-related consequences emerged. Additionally, the data yielded a negative relationship between the variable, “drink to be sociable” and the alcohol-related consequences latent factor at T1. Certain self-identified motives for drinking may be risk factors for continued alcohol use and subsequent misuse. Therefore, differentiating between specific motives for alcohol use may be a helpful marker for Child and Youth Care workers and other professionals to initiate conversations about alcohol use and consequences.Graduate
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Burrows, Sharon Alexis. "Personality: reasons for drinking and alcohol consumption & abuse patterns among youth". Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2067.
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Some youth are engaging in alcohol consumption patterns putting themselves and others at risk. This behaviour places them at high risk for self-harm, and has the potential for developing into adult alcoholic behaviour dependency. A secondary analysis utilizing the Vancouver Family Survey data was conducted to increase our understanding and
awareness regarding youth alcohol consumption patterns and related problems. Youth alcohol use and abuse is examined within domains of socio-demographics, personality, cognition, and alcohol consumption patterns and related problems. With regard to personality, an addiction prone personality is found to be a predictor for enhancement and coping motivators in both the male and female youth population. Cognition, such as drinking to feel good and drinking to forget worries was found to mediate the relationship between an addiction prone personality and alcohol consumption patterns and related problems. Traits such as agreeableness and conscientiousness were found to be protective factors.
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Ledwaba, Leshata Peter. "Evaluating the influence of alcohol advertising on alcohol consumption among the youth in the Vaal Region / Leshata Peter Ledwaba". Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15359.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption among the youth in the Vaal triangle, south of Gauteng. The study was conducted in four high schools under Sedibeng West District of the Gauteng Department of Education. A quantitative approach in the form of a questionnaire was used to conduct the research.
Results obtained indicated that there is no significant correlation between alcohol advertising and alcohol consumption among the respondents. Drawing on the findings and literature review, recommendations were made to government, the liquor industry and schools that participated in the study. Limitations of the study were identified and recommendations were made for the benefit of future research.
The primary and secondary objectives of the study were successfully realised in this study.MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015
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Mafa, Prudence. "Alcohol abuse amongst the youth in Musina Town". Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2892.
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Thesis (M.A.(Social Work)) -- University of Limpopo, 2019Alcohol consumption by young people continues to be a social problem that is associated with major health complications later in life. More youth engage in alcohol consumption frequently with a decreasing age of debut. The current study aimed at exploring and describing the prevalence, patterns and context of youth alcohol consumption in Musina Town, Limpopo Province. A convergence mixed method was employed. This was complemented by an exploratory-descriptive design. Using random stratified and purposive sampling techniques, data was collected from grade 11 learners by way of a survey and a focus group discussion. Data collected from the study show that there is a high prevalence of alcohol use amongst the youth in Musina as almost two thirds (61%) of the survey participants reported to be current alcohol users. Patterns of consumption include drinking during weekends and holidays with binge drinking and drinking until drunkenness being the main forms of alcohol consumption. There was no difference in binge drinking between male and female alcohol drinkers, with 22% of each gender reporting to consume more than five drinks a session. Contexts of alcohol consumption by the youth include drinking at various social gatherings, school, at home, unlicensed liquor outlets, drinking to have fun or as a coping mechanism. Young alcohol consumers have little to no concern about their drinking behaviour, which is exacerbated by alcohol drinking permissive culture and the availability of alcohol. Keywords: Youth, Alcohol consumption, Prevalence, Patterns, Availability
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Mposi, Zwanga Sonia. "The role that advertising plays in alcoholic beverage consumption patterns of the youth of Tshwane". 2014. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001537.
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M. Tech. MarketingThe primary objective of this study was to investigate the role that advertising plays in alcoholic beverage consumption patterns of the youth of Tshwane. Several secondary research objectives were set which include: examining the overall alcoholic beverage consumption of young people, the alcoholic beverage types and brands consumed, exposure to alcoholic beverage brand advertising, exposure to media in which alcoholic beverages are advertised, differences between males and females with regards to their consumption of alcoholic beverages as well as the alcoholic beverage types they consume, the relationship between age and alcoholic beverage consumption, income and alcoholic beverage consumption and other factors that can influence young people to consume alcoholic beverages.
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Matjila, Kagiso. "Youth drinking: the impact of socialisation agents and personal attitudes on alcohol consumption among the youth in South Africa". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23093.
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A research study submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and
Management, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree of Master of Management in Strategic Marketing
(MMSM)
Wits Business School
May 2017The research investigated the impact of three socialisation agents (i.e. advertising, parents and peers) and personal attitudes on alcohol consumption among South Africa youth. There is a growing concern of the high and year-on-year increase in alcohol consumption in the country which has not only been linked to social ills such as crime, violence, sexual abuse, but also to health concerns. Of greater concern is the ever growing penetration of alcohol consumption among young people. The South African government has pledged its support to the World Health Organisation to reduce the harmful use of alcohol; and appointed an Inter-Ministerial Committee (IMC) to develop programs that seek to reduce alcohol-related harm. The findings generated from this study provide insights into social influences and social interventions that might assist in reducing the harmful use of alcohol. The research employed a quantitative approach and was cross-sectional in design. Non-random quota sampling was employed and a total of 300 youths from Gauteng were issued with self-administered questionnaires. The young people were at different life stages; students, blue and white collar workers. Using SPSS 22 and AMOS 22 software programs, structural equation modelling (SEM) was performed to analyse the data set. The results revealed that personal attitude, peer influence, and advertising exposure have positive and significant influences on youth alcohol consumption. Parental influence had a positive, yet weak and unimportant, effect on youth alcohol consumption. The implication of the results in this study is that government, alcohol manufacturers and the community at large need to consider, and possibly prioritise, other harmful uses of alcohol interventions and address personal attitudes that young people have developed to reduce the effects of peer pressure.
MT2017
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Babihuga, Nina. "An Examination Of The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences And Alcohol Consumption Patterns Among High Risk Youth In Kampala, Uganda". 2015. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/iph_theses/381.
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Objective: To examine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences and associations with early alcohol use initiation and alcohol use patterns among high-risk urban youth in Kampala, Uganda.
Methodology: Data from the Kampala Youth Survey (N=457) conducted in May through June 2011 in Kampala, Uganda was used for analysis. Indicators of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) included: hunger, having parents, talking to parents, ever having lived on the street, parents hitting each other, parents hitting children and parental use of alcohol. These were dichotomized as either possessing the characteristic or not. Alcohol outcomes assessed were; age at alcohol initiation (age 13 was the cutoff point), frequent drinking and heavy drinking. Bivariate and multinomial logistic regression analyses were computed to determine statistical association between ACEs and alcohol use.
Results: Findings in this study showed that parents hitting the youth, parental alcohol use, hunger, having ever lived on the street, and having been raped were significantly associated with the youth’s age of alcohol initiation by age 13, frequent drinking and heavy drinking in bivariate analyses. Results also showed gender differences for: parental alcohol use, parents hitting each other, being hungry, ever having lived on the street and having been raped. Girls reported higher values for most measures. Parental use of alcohol, having ever lived on the street and having been raped were particularly significant included in a multivariate model.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that adverse childhood experiences are strongly associated with early alcohol use initiation as well as frequent and heavy drinking.
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Toalston, Jamie E. "Peri-adolescent Alcohol Consumption Enhances the Reinforcing and Stimulatory Properties of Ethanol within the Adult Mesolimbic Dopamine System in Alcohol Preferring P Rats". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2893.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Research in the alcohol preferring (P) rat has indicated that peri-adolescent alcohol (EtOH) consumption enhances the acquisition of oral operant EtOH self-administration, inhibits the extinction of responding for EtOH, augments EtOH-seeking behaviors, and increases relative reward value of EtOH during adulthood. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine if these adult effects of peri-adolescent EtOH intake could be observed using an Intracranial Self-Administration (ICSA) model. It was hypothesized that an increased sensitivity to the rewarding actions of EtOH would be manifested in peri-adolescent-EtOH-exposed subjects compared to naive subjects when the opportunity to self-administer EtOH to the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) is available in adulthood. The pVTA is a primary site for EtOH’s reinforcing and rewarding properties in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system. Experiment 2 was a dose-response examination of the effects of EtOH administered to the pVTA on downstream DA efflux in the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) via a joint Microinjection-Microdialysis (MicroMicro) procedure. Male P rats were given 24-h free-choice exposure to 15% volume/volume EtOH from postnatal day (PD) 30 to PD 60, or remained experimentally naive, with ad lib food and water. By the end of the periadolescent exposure period, average consumption was 7.3 g/kg/day of EtOH. After PD 75, periadolescent-EtOH-exposed and naïve rats were either implanted with an injector guide cannula aimed at the right pVTA for ICSA (Experiment 1), or two cannulae, one aimed at the right pVTA (injector) and one at the ipsilateral AcbSh (microdialysis) for MicroMicro (Experiment 2). Following one week of recovery from surgery, ICSA subjects were placed in standard two-lever (active and inactive) operant chambers. Test sessions were 60 min in duration and occurred every other day for a total of 7 sessions. Rats were randomly assigned to one of 5 groups (n=4-9/group) that self-infused (FR1 schedule) either aCSF (vehicle, 0 mg%), 50, 75, 100, or 150 mg% EtOH during 4 sessions, aCSF only for sessions 5 and 6 (extinction), and the initial concentration again for session 7 (reinstatement). MicroMicro subjects received six days of recovery from surgery, probe implantation the day before testing, and then continuous microdialysis for DA with 15 min microdialysis samples collected before, during, and then two hrs after 10-min pulse microinjection of either aCSF (vehicle, 0 mg%), 50, 75, 100, or 150 mg% EtOH. Neither EtOH-exposed nor naive groups of P rats self-infused the aCSF or 50 mg% EtOH concentration. While the naive group did not self-infuse the 75 or 100 mg% EtOH concentrations, the peri-adolescent EtOH-exposed group of P rats did readily discriminate the active lever from the inactive lever at these concentrations. Both groups self-infused the 150 mg% EtOH concentration. Pulse microinjections of EtOH during the MicroMicro procedure revealed that 75 and 100 mg% concentrations of EtOH increased downstream DA in the AcbSh of EtOH-exposed, but not naïve, subjects. 150 mg% EtOH increased downstream DA in both adolescent treatment groups. Overall, the results indicate that consumption of EtOH by P rats during peri-adolescence increases the reinforcing properties of EtOH in the pVTA in adulthood. The results also indicate that there were differential effects of peri-adolescent EtOH exposure on DA efflux in the AcbSh. This provides evidence that peri-adolescent EtOH-exposure produces long-lasting alterations in neural circuitry involved in EtOH-reinforcement, during adulthood.
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Čermáková, Iveta. "Konzumace alkoholu mládeží: testování Skogovy teorie distribuce alkoholové konzumace". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-287416.
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This master thesis presents a theory of distribution of alcohol consumption by a Norwegian sociologist Ole-Jørgen Skog (1985), which has had an influence on many alcohol policies. Skog's theory described the relationship between the average alcohol consumption in the population and the consumption at all levels of consumption (from light to heavy drinkers). A change in the average consumption of the population is always followed by a change at each level of consumption; Skog describes this relationship as log-linear (multiple) and argues that the largest changes appears at the level of light drinkers. Another key point of this thesis is to describe the development of underage alcohol consumption in the Czech Republic, compared with Finland, which is the subject of the second chapter. A comparison with Finland was chosen based on the results of an international survey ESPAD, which showed that both countries have different trends in alcohol consumption by youth, and in its excessive form as well (Hibell et al., 2012). Data analysed in this thesis come from international surveys ISRD and ESPAD, which consistently showed that alcohol consumption increases over time among Czech youth, while it decreases in Finland. Furthermore, the Czech Republic has higher prevalence of alcohol consumption. In the...