Thèses sur le sujet « Analoga effekter »
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Pierrou, Madeleine. « Analoga och digitala skrivverktygs effekter på läsinlärningen i grundskolans årskurs F-3 : Lärares erfarenheter ». Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Svenska språket och genusvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36265.
Texte intégralBengtsson, Matilda, et Ebba Borgman. « Digitala och analoga verktygs effekter på elevers tidiga läs- och skrivinlärning i svenskämnet : En litteraturöversikt ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-38138.
Texte intégralGustavsson, Sara, et Jonas Helmersson. « Från Ronja Rövardotter till Hundraåringen : Kartläggning av hur specialeffekter och visuella effekter används inom svensk filmbransch idag och vad branschens inställning till det är ». Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för medier och design, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-9326.
Texte intégral"Technology has been a key element in the changing creative possibilities available to filmmakers, but deep down the questions of staging, point of view, pace, suspense, time and psychology faced by filmmakers as they walk onto the set in the morning have remained remarkably consistent." Cousins, 2004, s13. The way of filmmaking has always been changing and it continues to change but as the quote leads up to it seems like the attitude stays the same. It is essentially about telling a story, which affects the audience. To tell a story with the different approaches the creators favors. Thanks to the technical development, many of these effects, both physical and digital have become practicable and who knows what the technique and digital progress will lead to in the future of filmmaking. After all, we are only in the beginning of the digital era. In the same time, the old and proven effect making techniques might inculcate as both classic and recognizable working methods. In this essay, we will talk about how the techniques of digital and practical effects are being used in the Swedish film industry. What does the decision makers in the business think about using effects in filmmaking and why are effects being used the way they are in todays film industry? We also wanted to examine what regulates he use of effects based on economical, technical and artistic considerations. We have collected our data from interviews with three representatives from production companies and three film financiers. We have also collected information considering the definitions of visual effects and special effects from six filmmakers who that works with effect making on a daily basis. It has become apparent that there are some confusion considering the definitions of the concepts of visual effects and special effects between the producers and financiers and the filmmakers. In order to ease future communication, we will in this essay define these concepts out of our results. Our result suggests that there is a will in the Swedish film industry to work with effects in filmmaking but in the same time parts of the industry lacks of resources and capability. Simultaneously, we can note that the ignorance around the concept of effects causes communication problems for digital artists and prop makers. For instance, on the Swedish film gala "Guldbaggegalan" they added a new category only a few years back and this year they took it away because of the problems of recognizing what's visual effects and what's not. It is interesting that there is an interest in developing effects in filmmaking and at the same time takes away the award. Instead of taking it away, they should focus on educating people about effects.
Martin, Johan. « Effekten av virtuell rullbandsdistorsion i musik : Hur upplever lyssnaren digital rullbansemulering ? » Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-14062.
Texte intégralArsenic, Marina, et Josephine Larsson. « En litteraturöversikt om vilka effekter digital- och analogbaserade skrivverktyg har på elevers skrivinlärning i årskurs 1–3 ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-39971.
Texte intégralLöhning, Michael [Verfasser]. « Analyse und Modellierung der Effekte von Abtast-Jitter in Analog-Digital-Wandlern / Michael Löhning ». Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/117052897X/34.
Texte intégralMünzer, Galina Thomasowna [Verfasser]. « Der Endothelin-antagonisierende Effekt von Prostaglandin-Analoga am Trabekelmaschenwerk des Auges / Galina Thomasowna Münzer ». Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1023782286/34.
Texte intégralSchaper-Gerhardt, Katrin [Verfasser]. « Effekte von Sphingosin-1-Phosphat und Analoga auf die Entzündungsreaktion und epidermale Hyperproliferation in Modellen der Psoriasis / Katrin Schaper ». Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024503461/34.
Texte intégralBresch, Lena Mirjam [Verfasser], Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Raddatz, Kia [Gutachter] Homayounfar et Hans-Ulrich [Gutachter] Schildhaus. « Effekte der Therapie mit Somatostatin-Analoga bei neuroendokrinen Tumoren / Lena Mirjam Bresch. Betreuer : Dirk Raddatz. Gutachter : Kia Homayounfar ; Hans-Ulrich Schildhaus ». Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1110148003/34.
Texte intégralOlsson, Niklas, et Nils Awes. « Digitala verktygs effekter på skrivutveckling : En litteraturstudie om digitala skrivverktygs inverkan på textproduktionen i svenskämnet årskurs F-3 ». Thesis, Jönköping University, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52315.
Texte intégralLind, Karin, et Maria Trång. « Effekten av kinesiotejpning på aktivitetsförmåga och smärta hos gravida med pelvic girdle pain – en pilotstudie ». Thesis, Uppsala University, Physiotheraphy, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126701.
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Syftet var att undersöka om kinesiotejpning kunde påverka aktivitetsförmåga och smärta hos gravida kvinnor med pelvic girdle pain. Studien var en single subjekt experimentell AB-design. Fyra kvinnor inkluderades i pilotstudien för behandling av pelvic girdle pain. Smärtan skattades och mättes med visuell analog skala. Aktivitetsförmågan mättes med Roland & Morris disability questionnaire.
Resultatet visade att gällande aktivitetsförmåga kunde det med 95 % säkerhet ses en förbättring hos tre av kvinnorna. Gällande smärtskattningen kunde endast hos en kvinna på kvällen och hos en annan kvinna på morgonen och kvällen ses en kliniskt signifikant minskad smärta. Resultaten i studien ger underlag för att en mer omfattande randomiserad och kontrollerad klinisk studie bör genomföras.
Zietlow, Stefan Johannes. « Effekte von Prostacyclin-Analogon "Iloprost" auf Thrombelastographie, Vollblut-Impedanz-Aggregometrie und Thrombozytenfunktion unter Shear-Stress-Bedingung (PFA-100) eine In-vitro-Studie / ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971955948.
Texte intégralBresch, Lena Mirjam. « Effekte der Therapie mit Somatostatin-Analoga bei neuroendokrinen Tumoren ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-87B8-5.
Texte intégralKrebs-Schmitt, Dorothee [Verfasser]. « Charakterisierung antiproliferativer Effekte von Somatostatin-Analoga in hepatozellulären Karzinomzellen / vorgelegt von Dorothee Krebs-Schmitt ». 2007. http://d-nb.info/986486388/34.
Texte intégralSripha, Kittisak. « NOVEL HETEROCYCLIC RING SYSTEMS DERIVED FROM CARACURINE V AS LIGANDS FOR THE ALLOSTERIC SITE OF MUSCARINIC M 2 RECEPTORS ». Doctoral thesis, 2003. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-6841.
Texte intégralThe study deals with the area of the allosteric modulation of the muscarinic M2 receptors. The allosteric modulators have an influence on binding of orthosteric ligands (agonists and antagonists) to the classical orthosteric binding site of the muscarinic M2-receptors. The modulators are able to enhance (positive cooperativity) or decrease (negative cooperativity)the affinity of ligands to the orthosteric binding site. The allosteric binding site is located at the entrance of the receptor binding pocket. It is less conserved than the orthosteric binding site which is located in a narrow cavity created by the seven transmembrane domains. Consequently, development of subtype selective allosteric ligands is easier than subtypeselective muscarinic agonists or antagonists. Furthermore, subtype selectivity can be achieved by differently cooperative interactions between the allosteric and orthosteric ligand at different receptor subtypes. For example, the allosteric modulators that are positively cooperative with ACh at M1 receptors and neutrally cooperative at the other receptor subtypes could be beneficial for treatment of the Alzheimer’s disease. Bisquaternary analogues of the Strychnos alkaloid caracurine V are among the most potent allosteric modulators of muscarinic M2-receptors. The very rigid ring skeleton comprises the pharmacophoric elements of two positively charged nitrogens at an approximate distance of 10 surrounded by two aromatic ring systems in a distinct spatial arrangement. Owing to the close structural relationship of caracurine V salts to the strong muscle relaxants toxiferine and alcuronium, they are likely to exhibit neuromuscular blocking activity, which would limit their usefulness as research tools and make the therapeutical use impossible. Reduction of the caracurine V ring skeletons to structural features responsible for good allosteric potency could possibly lead to compounds with negligible neuromuscular blocking activity and very high affinity to the allosteric binding site at M2 receptor. Thus, the aim of this study was to synthesize and pharmacologically evaluate analogues of a novel heterocyclic ring system, which comprises the pharmacophoric elements mentioned previously. The key step of the synthesis of the desired 6,7,14,15-tetrahydro[1,5]diazocino[1,2-a:6,5-a]-diindole ring system (6) involved the intermolecular double N-alkylation of the bromoethylindole (5), which was prepared from the known indolyl methylacetate (3) by reduction of the ester group to alcohol and subsequent substitution by bromine. 3 could be prepared in three steps involving N,N-dibenzylation of tryptamine followed by introduction of the dimethyl malonate moiety at C-2 of indole ring and a subsequent demethoxycarbonylation. The total synthesis of 6,7,14,15-tetrahydro[1,5]diazocino[1,2-a:6,5-a]diindole ring system (6) is shown in Scheme 24. In order to examine the influence of the length of the side-chain on muscarinic activity,exchange of the ethylamine moieties of 14 by the methylamino groups was planned. This should be accomplished by dimerization of the unsubstituted 2-bromoethylindole (32), and subsequent Mannich aminomethylation of the resulting unsubstituted pentacyclic ring. The total synthesis of the 6,7,14,15-tetrahydro-15aH-azocino[1,2-a:6,5-b]diindole ring system(35) is shown in Scheme 25. 32 was prepared from indole-2-carboxylic acid in six steps involving reduction of the acid to the corresponding alcohol 26, benzoylation of 26 followed by nucleophilic substitution with KCN, hydrolysis of the cyanide 28 to indolyl acetic acid 29,reduction of 29 to the corresponding alcohol 30, and finally bromination of 30 to give the bromide 32. Since dimerization attempts of 32 provided only 2-vinylindole (33), the tosylate 34 was used as starting material for the intermolecular alkylation to give exclusively an isomeric pentacyclic ring system, 7,14,15-tetrahydro-15aH-azocino[1,2-a:6,5-b]diindole (35). The formation of the novel, asymmetric ring skeleton can be explained by the ambident nucleophilic character of the indolyl anion that can be alkylated either at nitrogen or at C-3 of indole ring. 35 was subjected to a Mannich reaction to give 2,13-dimethylaminoalkylated product 37 as well as small amounts of the 13-monosubstituted compound (36). The geometry of novel ring systems 6 was elucidated by means of NMR spectroscopy and semiempirical calculations. The diazocinodiindole ring skeleton of 6 exists in chloroform solution at room temperature in a twisted-boat conformation, as indicated by 600 MHz ROESY experiment, vicinal coupling constants within the eight-membered ring, and AM1 calculations. In order to obtain potent allosteric ligands, the new heterocycles 6 and 37 were quarternized with methyliodide to the corresponding ammonium salts 14 and 38, respectively. Additionally, the N,N -diallylsalts of 37 (compound 39) was prepared. The allosteric effect of 14, 38, and 39 on the dissociation of the orthosteric radioligand [3H]Nmethylscopolamine([3H]NMS) and their effects on [3H]NMS equilibrium binding were studied in homogenates of porcine heart ventricles. The concentration of an allosteric agent for a half-maximum effect on orthosteric ligand dissociation (EC50,diss) corresponds to a 50 % occupancy of the liganded receptors by the respective allosteric test compounds. Due to the presence of two benzyl groups on each nitrogen in the side chains of 14, its binding affinity can be best compared with that of N,N -dibenzylcaracurinium V dibromide (EC50,diss = 69 nM). Compound 14 exhibited the comparable affinity to N,N -dibenzylcaracurinium V dibromide with EC50,diss = 54 nM. This result suggested that replacement of the bulky benzyl groups of 14 by smaller substitutents will probably increase the allosteric potency, since dimethyl- and diallylcaracurinium salts showed a 5-fold increase of binding affinity relative to the dibenzyl analogue. Even though the new azocinodiindole ring system of 38 and 39, is not included in the caracurine V ring skeleton, it comprises the essentially pharmacophoric elements of allosteric potency. Due to the different spatial arrangements of the aromatic rings, as well as to different internitrogen distances in both ring systems, compound 38 and 39 exhibited 4-fold lower M2 binding affinity (EC50,diss = 35 and 48 nM, respectively) than the corresponding caracurine V analogues. This study deals with the synthesis of the first representative (Compound 6) of a novel pentacyclic ring system derived from caracurine V. The high allosteric potency of its dimethyl analogue reveals the [1,5]diazocino[1,2-a:6,5-a]-diindole ring system as a new promising lead structure for allosteric modulators of muscarinic M2 receptors. Future research will be focused on structural modifications of the new ring system in order to increase the affinity to the muscarinic receptors. Furthermore, the binding affinities of the new synthesized compounds to the muscle type of nicotinic ACh-receptor should reveal structural features responsible for the muscarinic/nicotinic selectivity
Muth, Mathias. « Synthese und Charakterisierung allosterer Modulatoren muscarinischer M2-Rezeptoren : Strukturvariationen der Bis(ammonium)alkan-Verbindung W84 ». Doctoral thesis, 2004. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-8839.
Texte intégralThe present work deals with the synthesis and characterization of allosteric modulators of muscarinic receptors. Allosteric modulators bind to a topographically different site than classical orthosteric ligands and, thus, are capable of influencing both the dissociation and the association of orthosteric agonists and antagonists. Allosteric modulators are capable of binding selectively to specific subtypes. The bis(ammonio)alkane-type compound W84 served as a lead for the compounds synthesized in this work. Via pathway A, phthalic- and naphthalic anhydride derivatives were converted with N,N-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamines to the phthalimidopropylamine derivatives. The symmetrical W84-derivatives were obtained by the conversion of two equivalents of the amine with one equivalent 1,6 dibromohexane. To obtain the non-symmetrical W84-derivatives the phthalimidopropylamines were unilaterally alkylated by 1,6-dibromohexane. In the last step equimolar amounts of the monoalkylated compound and a phthalimidopropylamine were connected. During our studies the methylation of position 2 of the propylene chains was identified as critical position for the influence on equilibrium binding. Therefore, compounds with varying alkyl substituents were synthesized. First, starting from malonic diethyl ester, 1,3-dibromo-propane derivatives carrying one or two ethyl-, propyl- or iso-butyl groups, respectively, were synthesized first. The latter were converted to the corresponding 3-bromopropylphthalimid derivatives with potassium phthalimide. In the last step two equivalents of the bromopropyl-phthalimides reacted with one equivalent tetramethyl-1,6-hexane-diamine to the symmetrical hexamethonio-derivatives. A further aim of the work was to synthesize highly fluorescent W84-derivatives. The fluorescent properties of N-substituted naphthalimides could be utilized for the direct characterization of allosteric interactions. Therefore, amino groups were introduced in positions 3 and 4 of the naphthalimide moiety. Until now, only the binding of antagonists of the M2 receptor was influenced by hexamethonio derivatives. Because of the spatial proximity of the orthosteric to the allosteric binding site it was tried to combine an agonist and an allosteric modulator in one molecule. Twelve hybride molecules consisting of a part of a highly affin allosteric modulator and of derivatives of the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine-M were synthesized. In the pharmacological evaluation it will be elucidated if it is possible for an agonist/alloster-hybride molecule to bind simultaneously to the orthosteric and the allosteric site. The pharmacological testing of the compounds was accomplished by radioligand binding studies . The allosteric effect of the compounds was determined by measurement of the inhibition of the dissociation of the radioactive marked orthosteric antagonist [3H]N-methylscopolamine. All compounds revealed higher affinitiy values than the lead structure W84. The most potent compound of that series is compound 3a (naphmethonium) that reveals an affinity to the NMS-occupied receptor in the low nanomolar range (pEC50 = 8.36). Taking all results together, the highest affinity values in combination with positive cooperativity were obtained for W84-derivatives carrying at least one naphthalimide moiety directly connected to a 2,2-dimethylpropyl chain. By the introduction of different alkyl groups in the propylene chains it was possible to verify the critical position with respect to the cooperative behaviour of W84-derivatives. QSAR-studies were performed in order to check whether the pharmacologically determined affinities to the free and to the NMS-occupied receptor can be explained by physicochemical properties of the compounds. The affinity to the NMS-occupied receptor of the compounds of series 2 can be described using the volume of one lateral N-methylimide in combination with the dimethylation of the neighbored propylene chain. Summarizing these results it can be concluded that the compounds feature a dominant side with regard to allosteric potency. To achieve positive cooperativity the combination of an affinity generating lateral aromatic imide moiety connected to a 2,2-alkylated propylene chain is essential
Metz, Aline [Verfasser]. « Effekte und Wirksamkeitsvergleich verschiedener Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormon (GnRH)-Analoga in gynäkologischen Karzinomzelllinien / vorgelegt von Aline Metz ». 2009. http://d-nb.info/993807755/34.
Texte intégralSchukai, Matthias Manfred [Verfasser]. « Hämodynamische Effekte von Terlipressin (ein synthetisches Analogon von Vasopressin) bei gesunden und endotoxämischen Schafen / vorgelegt von Schukai, Matthias Manfred ». 2006. http://d-nb.info/991519558/34.
Texte intégralZietlow, Stefan Johannes [Verfasser]. « Effekte von Prostacyclin-Analogon "Iloprost" auf Thrombelastographie, Vollblut-Impedanz-Aggregometrie und Thrombozytenfunktion unter Shear-Stress-Bedingung (PFA-100) : eine In-vitro-Studie / vorgelegt von Stefan Johannes Zietlow ». 2004. http://d-nb.info/971955948/34.
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