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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Australia Social policy 1990- »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 4 juin 2021
Mis à jour le 19 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Australia Social policy 1990-"

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Saunders, Peter. « Social Policy in Australia : Options for the 1990s ». Australian Quarterly 63, no 3 (1991) : 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20635632.

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Hartman, Deborah. « Gender Policy in Australian Schools ». Boyhood Studies 5, no 1 (1 mars 2011) : 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/thy.0501.3.

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This paper describes the rise of boys’ education as a substantial social and educational issue in Australia in the 1990s, mapping the changes in Australian discourses on boys’ education in this period. Ideas and authors informed by the men’s movement entered the discourses about boys’ education, contributing to a wave of teacher experimentation and new ways of thinking about gender policies in schools. The author suggests that there is currently a policy impasse, and proposes a new multi-disciplinary approach bringing together academic, practitioner, policy, and public discourses on boys’ education.
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Bay, Uschi. « Unpacking neo-liberal technologies of government in Australian higher education social work departments ». Journal of Social Work 11, no 2 (avril 2011) : 222–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017310386696.

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• Summary: This article analyses how neo-liberal and managerialist policies, over the last two decades in Australia, have positioned university staff as self-managing individuals. Social work academics are positioned as ‘free agents . . .empowered to act on their own behalf while ‘‘steered from a distance’’ by ‘‘policy norms and rules of the game’’ (Marginson, 1997, p. 63, italics added). Using governmentality theories as developed by Bacchi (2009), Burchell, Gordon, and Miller (1991), Dean (1996, 1999a, 1999b), Foucault (1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991), Hindess (1997, 2003), Miller (1992), Barry, Osborne, and Rose (1996) and Rose (1999) and an analysis of how staff are positioned in higher education settings is explored. • Findings: This article identifies the ways neo-liberal policy and managerialism operates to enable power relations that both individualize and totalize academic staff, including social work academics. Efforts to transform power relations require an understanding of how particular situations are problematized and the identification of the governmental technologies employed to constitute the political identities of social work academics. • Applications: Identifying how neo-liberal technologies of government affect social work academics could stimulate a renewed struggle for change and reinvigorate political action in social work university departments and social work settings more broadly.
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Dalton, Vicki. « Death and Dying in Prison in Australia : National Overview, 1980–1998 ». Journal of Law, Medicine & ; Ethics 27, no 3 (1999) : 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1999.tb01461.x.

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This paper discusses the role of the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) in monitoring inmate deaths in custody on a national basis. It also provides a descriptive overview of Australian Indigenous and non-Indigenous inmate deaths in custody during the eighteen-year period between 1980 and 1998.In October 1987, the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (RCIADIC) commenced investigating the deaths of Australia's Indigenous people in custody throughout Australia between January 1, 1980 and May 31, 1989. RCIADIC's task was to examine the circumstances of the deaths; the actions taken by authorities; and the underlying causes of Indigenous deaths in custody, including social, cultural, and legal factors. The investigation found that the major factor contributing to the high number of Indigenous deaths in custody was the disproportionately higher rates at which Indigenous people come into contact with the criminal justice system. RCIADIC concluded that the most significant reason for this contact was the severely disadvantaged social, economic, and cultural position of many Indigenous people.
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McClelland, Alison, et Susan St John. « Social policy responses to globalisation in Australia and New Zealand, 1980–2005 ». Australian Journal of Political Science 41, no 2 (juin 2006) : 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361140600672428.

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Koleth, Elsa. « Unsettling the Settler State : The State and Social Outcomes of Temporary Migration in Australia ». Migration, Mobility, & ; Displacement 3, no 1 (24 août 2017) : 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/mmd31201717072.

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The exponential growth of temporary migration to Australia since the late 1990s has unsettled the model of permanent migration, state supported settlement and multicultural citizenship on which Australia has been built. This article draws attention to the emergence of a gulf between Australia’s immigration policies and social policy frameworks for migrant integration in the course of Australia’s transition from a permanent to a temporary migration paradigm. It does so through an analysis of interviews with migrants, government officials at federal and local levels, and migrant service providers. It argues that the system by which temporary migration has been governed in Australia has enabled the Australian state to strategically divest itself of responsibility for the social welfare of temporary migrants and the long-term outcomes of temporary migration policies. Specifically, this has been achieved through the construction of temporary migrants as disposable, risk-bearing subjects, the exclusion of temporary migrants from social policy frameworks for migrant integration, and the elision of long-term social outcomes of migration policies through a focus on short-term economic outcomes. It concludes by pointing to changes required for instituting a temporal re-orientation of government policies from short-term economic outcomes towards the long-term social outcomes of migration.
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Strachan, Glenda, John Burgess et Anne Sullivan. « Affirmative action or managing diversity : what is the future of equal opportunity policies in organisations ? » Women in Management Review 19, no 4 (1 juin 2004) : 196–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09649420410541263.

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Equal employment opportunity policies were introduced in Australia in the 1980s in response to women's disadvantaged workforce position. Australia's unique form of affirmative action was underpinned by legislation, and aimed to promote gender equity in the workplace via employer action. Throughout the 1990s there has been a policy shift away from collectivism towards individualism, and away from externally driven social programmes at the workplace towards managerialist driven social programmes. The main process for implementing progressive and inclusive equity programmes at the workplace is through human resource management policies that link employment diversity to organisational objectives (for example, productivity and profitability). Programmes titled “Managing diversity” have been introduced into some organisations, and today there are a variety of approaches towards equity policies in Australian organisations. The article proposes that a distinctive Australian version of managing diversity will develop in some organisations based on the prior national legislative framework.
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Hartley, Robyn, et Jackie Horne. « Researching Literacy and Numeracy Costs and Benefits : What is possible ». Literacy and Numeracy Studies 15, no 1 (1 avril 2011) : 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/lns.v15i1.2024.

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Assessing the social and economic benefits of investing in adult literacy and numeracy and the costs of poor adult literacy and numeracy, is largely uncharted territory in Australia. Some interest was evident in the late 1980s leading up to International Literacy Year, 1990 (for example, Miltenyi 1989, Singh 1989, Hartley 1989); however, there has been little work done in the area since then, with the exception of recent studies concerned with financial literacy costs and benefits (Commonwealth Bank Foundation 2005). Assessing the benefits (returns) of workplace training in general has received some attention (for example Moy and McDonald 2000), although the role of literacy and numeracy is often implied rather than explored in any detail. In contrast, there is a considerable body of relevant research emanating from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and some European countries. The release of data from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) in the 1990s contributed to some of this research, as did policy developments for example, in the United Kingdom. The much greater use of IALS data in some other countries compared with Australia, seems to be related to a combination of factors in the overall policy and research environment for adult literacy and numeracy in each country.
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Hayden, Jacqueline. « Available, Accessible, High Quality Child Care in Australia : Why we haven’t moved very far. » Children Australia 17, no 1 (1992) : 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200030091.

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In a recent article in Children Australia (16:2, 1991) Moore points out how our system of social services and community work reinforces traditional concepts of family (especially mother) responsibility for the care of children with disabilities. This same attitude reflects a fundamental ambivalence in our society towards the provision of state assisted child care. Like care for the disabled, out-of-home care for young children is assumed to rest within the private sphere, so that state assistance in any form becomes gratefully accepted as a generous gift.Child care in Australia moved into the political realm with the enactment of the Child Care Act in 1972. This legislation described the conditions under which the Commonwealth Government would distribute funds for capital expenses, and provide some wage supplements to non-profit groups delivering child care services in formal centre settings. Since that time, promises of increased Commonwealth funding to meet increasing demand have become more and more ambitious – 20,000 spaces were promised in 1984; 30,000 in 1988; and by 1990, the promise had expanded to 78,000 new child care spaces to be funded by the Labor Party. As it turned out, many of the 78,000 spaces promised during the 1990 election campaign were not ‘new’ at all, but represented already existing private spaces, now made eligible for funding by a change in policy. The bulk of the spaces meanwhile were targeted for after-school care (much less expensive to fund), when research clearly indicated the dearth of spaces and critical need for infant care (very expensive to fund).
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Yiftachel, O., et I. Alexander. « The State of Metropolitan Planning : Decline or Restructuring ? » Environment and Planning C : Government and Policy 13, no 3 (septembre 1995) : 273–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c130273.

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In this paper the dynamic relations between the state, society, and metropolitan planning are explored. The changing role and function of the state in the context of rapid restructuring of economic and social relations in Australia during the past decade are discussed, along with the impact of processes such as globalisation, cyclic recessions, and the growing assertion of local communities on the state. The influence of these processes on metropolitan planning, as an arm of the state which mediates between development interests and local communities, is then assessed from a theoretical perspective. Given the identified processes and changes, it is argued that metropolitan planning has become increasingly constrained in its ability to influence the nature and location of urban development in 1990s Australia. The validity of this argument is examined against the case of metropolitan planning in Perth during the past decade. Three key aspects of the changing nature of planning in Perth are studied in detail: A 1987 proposal for a new metropolitan strategy; a 1990 adopted metropolitan plan which derived from the 1987 proposal; and several redevelopment initiatives currently under consideration. It is concluded that the Western Australian state—and subsequently metropolitan planning—have experienced significant challenges to their ability to influence urban change. The constraints imposed on metropolitan planning are simultaneously due to economic pressures ‘from above’ and community pressures ‘from below’. Finally, it is observed that this process possesses a regresive potential, and that metropolitan planning should restructure in order to respond effectively and equitably to recent economic and social changes.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Australia Social policy 1990-"

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Fleming, Brian James. « The social gradient in health : trends in C20th ideas, Australian Health Policy 1970-1998, and a health equity policy evaluation of Australian aged care planning / ». Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf5971.pdf.

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Brankovich, Jasmina. « Burning down the house ? : feminism, politics and women's policy in Western Australia, 1972-1998 ». University of Western Australia. School of Humanities, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0122.

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This thesis examines the constraints and options inherent in placing feminist demands on the state, the limits of such interventions, and the subjective, intimate understandings of feminism among agents who have aimed to change the state from within. First, I describe the central element of a
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Soldatic, Karen Maree. « Disability and the Australian neoliberal workfare state (1996-2005) ». University of Western Australia. Graduate School of Education, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0190.

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Australia, like other Western liberal democracies, has undergone extensive social policy restructuring as a result of neoliberalism. While neoliberalism had its genesis with Australian Labor governments during the 1980s, it secured the status of orthodoxy under the radical conservatism of the Liberal Coalition government (1996 - 2007). Under the leadership of Prime Minister John Howard a widespread campaign was instigated to advance neoliberal social policy measures across all spheres of social life, leading to the dismantling of rights for a diverse range of social groups including women, refugees, people with disabilities and Indigenous Australians. The restructuring of social provisioning with the intensification of neoliberalism was largely driven by workfare – a key domestic social project of neoliberal global restructuring. The thesis examines the Australian experience of workfare and the primary areas of contestation and struggle that emerged in this environment for the Australian Disability Movement during the peak period of workfare restructuring for 'disability' (1996 – 2005). The thesis draws on the work of critical disability theory to discuss the bivalent social collective identity of disability as it cuts through the politics of recognition and the politics of distribution. From here, the thesis engages with sociological work on emotions, bringing together theories of disgust and disability. The thesis demonstrates that there is a synergy between disability and disgust that informs the moral economy of disability; framing, shaping and articulating able-bodied – disabled relations. Drawing on the policy process method the research involved extensive qualitative interviews with members of the Australian Disability Movement, disabled people involved in workfare programs, service providers and their peak organisations, families, as well as the policy elite charged with the responsibility of disability workfare restructuring. Additionally, the study incorporated a range of documents including parliamentary Hansards, key policy texts, government media releases, and publicly available information from disability specialist services and the disability movement. The analytical centrality of policy processes highlighted the strategic interrelationship between macro-structural policy discourses and practices and the role of policy actors as agents, including those collective agents engaged in mediating disability social relations. Three dominant themes emerged from the analysis of the data: movement politics, representation and participation; emotions and processes of moralisation; and finally, the role of temporality in inscribing (disabled) bodies with value. Each of the findings chapters is dedicated to explicating these mechanisms and the effects of these discourses and practices on disabled people involved in workfare programs and the disability movement's struggles for respect, recognition and social justice.
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Lemar, Susan. « Control, compulsion and controversy : venereal diseases in Adelaide and Edinburgh 1910-1947 ». Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl548.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 280-305). Argues that despite the liberal use of social control theory in the literature on the social history of venereal diseases, rationale discourses do not necessarily lead to government intervention. Comparative analysis reveals that culturally similar locations can experience similar impulses and constraints to the development of social policy under differing constitutional arrangements.
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Jenkins, Stephen. « Australia's Commonwealth Self-determination Policy 1972-1998 : the imagined nation and the continuing control of indigenous existence / ». Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj522.pdf.

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Vicary, Adrian Robert. « Social work and social policy in Australia from welfare state to contract state / ». [Bedford Park] : Flinders University of South Australia, 1998. http://books.google.com/books?id=RkVHAAAAMAAJ.

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Neylan, Julian School of History &amp Philosophy of Science UNSW. « The sociology of numbers : statistics and social policy in Australia ». Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of History and Philosophy of Science, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31963.

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This dissertation presents an historical-sociological study of how governments of the modern western state use the language and techniques of quantification in the domain of social policy. The case material has an Australian focus. The thesis argues that by relying on techniques of quantification, governments risk introducing a false legitimacy to their social policy decisions. The thesis takes observed historical phenomena, language and techniques of quantification for signifying the social, and seeks meaningful interpretations in light of the culturally embedded actions of individuals and collective members of Australian bureaucracies. These interpretations are framed by the arguments of a range of scholars on the sociology of mathematics and quantitative technologies. The interpretative framework is in turn grounded in the history and sociology of modernity since the Enlightenment period, with a particular focus on three aspects: the nature and purpose of the administrative bureaucracy, the role of positivism in shaping scientific inquiry and the emergence of a risk consciousness in the late twentieth century. The thesis claim is examined across three case studies, each representative of Australian government action in formulating social policy or providing human services. Key social entities examined include the national census of population, housing needs indicators, welfare program performance and social capital. The analysis of these social statistics reveals a set of recurring characteristics that are shown to reduce their certainty. The analysis provides evidence for a common set of institutional attitudes toward social numbers, essentially that quantification is an objective technical device capable of reducing unstable social entities to stable, reliable significations (numbers). While this appears to strengthen the apparatus of governmentality for developing and implementing state policy, ignoring the many unarticulated and arbitrary judgments that are embedded in social numbers introduces a false legitimacy to these government actions.
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Wood, Chris. « Social capital, ideology and policy in the UK and Australia ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.546478.

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Orchard, Lionel. « Whitlam and the cities : urban and regional policy and social democratic reform ». Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pho641.pdf.

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Wagner, Leanna. « A Policy Analysis of the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 ». Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784173.

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This is a policy analysis of the Patient Self-Determination Act of 1990 which aimed to improve access and education of Advance Health Care Directives (ADs). ADs are in the form of durable power of attorneys and living wills that communicate a patient’s decisions concerning life sustaining treatment. The policy has three objectives, first that health care staff are required to educate patients on ADs and to follow such documentation when treating patients. Second, the policy calls for the Federal Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to educate the United States population on the benefits and need for ADs. Lastly, it required states to create and implement their own laws concerning end-of-life treatments and the use of ADs. This analysis focuses on the impact of the policy on patient self-determination, informed consent and quality-of-life.

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Livres sur le sujet "Australia Social policy 1990-"

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Spinning the dream : Assimilation in Australia 1950-1970. North Fremantle, W.A : Fremantle Press, 2008.

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Macdonald, Charlotte. Strong, beautiful, and modern : National fitness in Britain, New Zealand, Australia, and Canada, 1935-1960. Wellington, N.Z : Bridget Williams Books, 2011.

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Renton, N. E. Understanding the Australian economic debate : A lucid and opinionated primer to the key economic issues facing Australia in the 1990's. Including explanation and commentary on tax, wages, interest rates, housing, social securities, inflation, exchange rates, privatisation etc. Melbourne : Australian Investment Library, 1990.

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The price of health : Australian governments and medical politics, 1910-1960. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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The working class and welfare : Reflections on the political development of the welfare state in Australia and New Zealand, 1890-1980. Wellington : Allen & Unwin, 1985.

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Cawte, Alice. Atomic Australia, 1944-1990. Kensington, NSW : NSW Press, 1992.

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Western Australia. Energy Policy and Planning Bureau. Power options for Western Australia, 1990-2000. [Perth] : Energy Policy and Planning Bureau, W.A., 1989.

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Australia. Department of Aboriginal Affairs. Social justice for indigenous Australians 1994-95. Canberra : The Commission, 1995.

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Division, Leichhardt (N S. W. :. Municipality) Community Services. Aboriginal Social Plan, 1997-2000. [Leichhardt, N.S.W.] : Leichhardt Municipal Council, 1997.

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Central African Republic. Ministère de l'économie, des finances et du plan. Economic and social development plan, 1986-1990. [Bangui] : Ministry of the Economy, Finance, and Planning, 1986.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Australia Social policy 1990-"

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Bryson, Lois, et Fiona Verity. « Australia : From Wage-Earners to Neo-Liberal Welfare State ». Dans International Social Policy, 66–87. London : Macmillan Education UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-08294-7_4.

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Pawson, Hal, Vivienne Milligan et Judith Yates. « Social Housing in Australia : Evolution, Legacy and Contemporary Policy Debates ». Dans Housing Policy in Australia, 87–134. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0780-9_4.

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McKeever, Gráinne. « Social Citizenship and Social Security Fraud in the UK and Australia ». Dans Crime and Social Policy, 111–28. Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118509807.ch7.

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Abbott, Malcolm. « Social policy and the welfare state in Australia ». Dans Markets and the State, 211–24. First Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351215626-15.

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Birrell, Bob, et Ernest Healy. « Globalization, Immigration Policy, and Youth Employment in Australia ». Dans Creating Social Cohesion in an Interdependent World, 263–80. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137520227_15.

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Wadham, Ben, et Deborah Morris. « Australia : Psychs, Suits and Mess Committees on Steroids : The Changing Terrain of Service Transition in Australia ». Dans International Perspectives on Social Policy, Administration, and Practice, 1–15. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30829-2_1.

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von Gliszczynski, Moritz. « Social Protection as a Paradigm of Development Policy (1990–2000) ». Dans Cash Transfers and Basic Social Protection, 67–103. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137505699_4.

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Delamonica, Enrique, Jamee K. Moudud et Esteban Pérez Caldentey. « Power and Politics : Taxation, Social and Labour Market Policies in Argentina and Chile, 1990–2010 ». Dans Social Policy in a Development Context, 207–36. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37595-9_7.

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Effeney, Libby, Fethi Mansouri et Maša Mikola. « Migrant Youth and Social Policy in Multicultural Australia : Exploring Cross-Cultural Networking ». Dans Cultural, Religious and Political Contestations, 185–203. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16003-0_12.

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Rohrschneider, Robert, et Michael Wolf. « One Electorate ? Social Policy Views and Voters’ Choice in Unified Germany Since 1990 ». Dans Germany on the Road to Normalcy, 21–45. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403981479_2.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Australia Social policy 1990-"

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Wang, Shan-An. « Brief Introduction on Australia Early Childhood Teaching Manpower Training Policy and Its Implications for China ». Dans 2nd Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development. Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/sschd-16.2016.52.

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Göktepe, Hülya. « Competition Policy and Competition Law in Turkey and Russia ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00690.

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Competition law provides the formation and protection of free competition. Modern market economy is the basis of the principle of free competition. Free competition provides an effective utilization of resources, price goes down, saving to reduce costs, find new technologies and their use in production. Desired markets, although a perfect competition market, because of market failures rather than the ideal situation monopolies, cartels can occur. At this stage, competition policies become important because they provide an efficient resource allocation, and constitutes an important element in raising the level of social welfare. Competition law is state intervention tool in order to establish and maintain free competition in the economy. Competition laws is seen as the constitution of the economy. In Russia, first competition authority was created in 1990 and the Law “On Competiton and Ristriction of Monopolistic Activity on Goods Markets” passed in 1991. After the OECD Peer Rewiew Report on Russia’s Competition Policy and Law, competition authority was abolished, new Federal Antimonopoly Service (FAS) established in 2004. Also new competition law passed in 2006. In Turkey, competition law passed in 1994, Turkish Competiton Authority was established in 1997. The aim of this study is to analyze competition law rules is implemented in Turkey and Russia. Also Examples of decisions issued by the Turkish competition authority and FAS Russia will be presented.
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Barbosa, Fábio C. « High Speed Rail Technology : Increased Mobility With Efficient Capacity Allocation and Improved Environmental Performance ». Dans 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6137.

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The increasing movement of people and products caused by modern economic dynamics has burdened transportation systems. Both industrialized and developing countries have faced transportation problems in urbanized regions and in their major intercity corridors. Regional and highway congestion have become a chronic problem, causing longer travel times, economic inefficiencies, deterioration of the environment and quality of life. Congestion problems are also occurring at airports and air corridors, with similar negative effects. In the medium distance travel market (from 160 up to 800 km), too far to drive and too short to fly, High Speed Rail (HSR) technology has emerged as a modern transportation system, as it is the most efficient means for transporting large passenger volumes with high speed, reliability, safety, passenger comfort and environmental performance. HSR system’s feasibility will depend on its capacity to generate social benefits (i.e. increased mobility rates, reduced congestion, capacity increase and reduced environmental costs), to be balanced with the high construction, maintenance and operational costs. So, it is essential to select HSR corridors with strong passenger demands to maximize these benefits. The first HSR line was Japan’s Shinkansen service, a dedicated HSR system, between Tokyo and Osaka, launched in 1964, which is currently the most heavily loaded HSR corridor in the world. France took the next step, launching the Train à Grande Vitesse (TGV), in 1981, with a dedicated line with shared-use segments in urban areas, running between Paris and Lyon. Germany joined the venture in the early 1990 with the Inter City Express – ICE, with a coordinated program of improvements in existent rail infrastructure and Spain, in 1992, with the Alta Velocidad Espanola – AVE, with dedicated greenfield lines. Since then, these systems have continuously expanded their network. Currently, many countries are evaluating the construction of new HSR lines, with European Commission deeming the expansion of the Trans European Network as a priority. United Kingdom, for example, has just awarded construction contracts for building the so called HS2, an HSRexpanded line linking London to the northern territory. China, with its dynamic economic development, has launched its HSR network in 2007 and has sped up working on its expansion, and currently holds the highest HSR network. United States, which currently operates high speed trainsets into an operationally restricted corridor (the so called Northeast Corridor (NEC), linking Washington, New York and Boston), has also embarked into the high speed rail world with the launch of Californian HSR Project, currently under construction, aimed to link Los Angeles to San Francisco mega regions, the ongoing studies for Texas HSR project, to connect Dallas to Houston, into a wholly privately funding model, as well as studies for a medium to long term NEC upgrade for HSR. Australia and Brazil are also seeking to design and launch their first HSR service, into a time consuming process, in which a deep discussion about social feasibility and affordability is under way. This work is supposed to present an overview of HSR technology worldwide, with an assessment of the main technical, operational and economical features of Asian and European HSR systems, followed by a snapshot of the general guidelines applied to some planned HSR projects, highlighting their demand attraction potential, estimated costs, as well as their projected economic and environmental benefits.
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Velzing, Evert-Jan, Annemiek Van der Meijden, Kitty Vreeswijk et Ruben Vrijhoef. « Circularity in value chains for building materials ». Dans CARPE Conference 2019 : Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10196.

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AbstractThe urgency for developing a circular economy is growing, and more and more companies and organisations are concerned with the importance of adapting their business to fit a changing economy. However, many analyses on the circular economy are still rather abstract and there is a lack of understanding about what circularity would mean for specific industries. This insufficient insight especially seems to be apparent in the building and construction sector. Besides, the building and construction sector is responsible for a major part of energy use and emissions. To tackle the issue of insufficient insight into the business consequences of circular devlopments, further research is necessary. Therefore, we propose to collaborate on a research project that aims to provide a more detailed level of analysis. The goal is to identify drivers and barriers to make better use of materials in the building and construction sector. This further research would benefit from an international collaboration between universities of applied sciences and industry from different European countries. An additional benefit of the applied orientation would be the relevance for professional education programmes. References CBS, PBL & Wageningen UR. (2017). Vrijkomen en verwerking van afval per doelgroep, 1990-2014 (indicator 0206, versie 13, 26 janauri2017). Retrieved from: https://www.clo.nl/indicatoren/nl0206-vrijkomen-en-verwerking-van-afval-per-doelgroep Cuchí, A.; Arcas, J.; Casals, M. & Fobella, G. (2014). Building a common home Building sector – A global vision report. Produced by the Global Vision Area within the World SB14 Barcelona Conference. De Jesus, A. & Mendonça, S. (2018). Lost in Transition? Drivers and Barriers in the Eco-innovation Road to the Circular Economy. Ecological Economics, 145, 75-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.08.001. EC. (2015). Closing the Loop – An EU action plan for the Circular Economy. Brussels: European Commission. EC. (2019). Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of the Circualr Economy Action Plan. Brussels: European Commission. Ghisellini, P; Cialini, C. & Ulgiati, S. (2016). A review on circular economy: the expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 114, 11-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007. Kirchherr, J., Pisciceli, L., Bour, R., Kostense-Smit, E., Muller, J., Huibrechtse-Truijens, A. & Hekkert, M. (2018). Barriers to the Circular Economy: Evidence From the European Union (EU). Ecological Economics, 150, 264-272. Mazzucato, M. (2018). Mission-Oriented Research & Innovation in the European Union – A problem-solving approach to fuel innovation-led growth. Retrieved from: European Commission; https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/mazzucato_report_2018.pdf Nederland circulair in 2050. Rijksbreed programma Circulaire Economie (2016). Den Haag: Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu & Ministerie van Economische Zaken. Stahel, W.R. (2016) The Circular Economy. Nature, 531(7595), 435-438. UN. (2018). 2018 Global Status Report – Towards a zero-emission, efficient and resilient buildings and construction sector. United Nations Environment Programme. UNCTAD. (2018). Circular Economy: The New Normal (Policy Brief No. 61). Retrieved from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD): https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/presspb2017d10_en.pdf
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