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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Bacteria spp »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 5 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Bacteria spp"

EVANGELOPOULOU, GRAMMATO, GEORGIOS FILIOUSSIS, SPYRIDON KRITAS, MARIA KANTERE et ANGELIKI R. BURRIEL. « Isolation and antimicrobial testing of Aeromonas spp., Citrobacter spp., Cronobacter spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia spp., Klebsiella spp., and Trabulsiella spp. from the gallbladder of pigs ». Polish Journal of Microbiology 64, n^o 2 (2015) : 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2015-028.

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The presence of Gram-negative bacteria species, other than Salmonella spp., in the gallbladder of pigs was examined. Isolated Gram-negative bacteria were assigned to species using the Microgen™ GnA+B-ID Systems. Of the 64 isolated strains 43 were identified as Escherichia coli, seven as Enterobacter spp., three each as Klebsiella spp., Citrobacterfreundii, Aeromonas hydrophila and Cronobacter sakazakii and one each as Escherichiafergusonii and Trabulsiella guamensis. Their antibiograms showed very high resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. It was concluded that the pigs' gallbladder is a reservoir of potentially pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria for pork consumers.

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Costa, Arthur Roberto da, Roberta Torres Chideroli, Larissa Melo Chicoski, Diego Candido de Abreu, Leonardo Mantovani Favero, Natália Amoroso Ferrari, Raffaella Menegheti Mainardi, Vanessa Gomes da Silva et Ulisses Padua Pereira. « Frequency of pathogens in routine bacteriological diagnosis in fish and their antimicrobial resistance ». Semina : Ciências Agrárias 42, n^o 6 (12 août 2021) : 3259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3259.

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Aquaculture is one of the sectors of animal husbandry with the fastest growth rate. However, the increase in the sector’s production chain without proper management can result in factors that favor the development of diseases, especially infectious diseases caused by bacteria. Many factors, such as agriculture or industry resides, improper use of antibiotics in animals or humans, have contributed to increased environmental pressure and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, while residues from these drugs can remain in the carcasses and in water a risk to public and environmental health. From that, we identified the bacterial genus/species and their bacterial resistance to antibiotics from samples received from fish disease outbreaks for bacteriosis diagnosis between January 2017 and October 2020. Isolated bacteria were subjected to the Kirby and Bauer sensitivity test for five classes of antibiotics (penicillins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, amphenicols, and tetracyclines). Of the 181 analyzed outbreaks, 232 bacteria were isolated, including Streptococcus spp., Aeromonas spp., Edwardsiella spp., Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chromobacterium violaceum, Flavobacterium spp., Citrobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Enterobacter spp., Chryseobacterium meningosepticum. Of the 232 bacteria, 40 strains were classified as multidrug resistant (MDR), with Plesiomonas shigelloides, Aeromonas spp., and Edwardsiella spp. representing more than half of this number (22/total). With several bacteria demonstrating resistance to Brazilian aquaculture-legalized drugs (tetracycline and florfenicol), it is mandatory to research, not only for alternatives to the use of antibiotics, but also for other drugs effective against the main circulating bacterial pathogens. In addition, vigilance over the occurrence of resistant bacteria is necessary, considering the appearance of zoonotic bacteria with multi-resistant characteristics, becoming a public health concern.

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Patel, Binal R., MT Panchal, AJ Dhami, RA Mathakiya et BB Bhanderi. « Bacterial Isolates from the Genital Aspirates of Cyclic, Acyclic, Endometritic and Pregnant Buffaloes ». INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 15, n^o 02 (25 novembre 2019) : 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21887/ijvsbt.15.2.15.

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The study was carried out on 50 vaginal secretions/aspirates/discharge samples collected aseptically using syringe and pipette method from infertile (anestrus; endometritic, n = 6 each) buffaloes of villages nearby Anand and healthy cyclic (n = 5; proestus, estrus, metestrus, diestrus) as well as 3, 6 and 9 month pregnant (n = 6 each) buffaloes of University farm to identify the vaginal microorganisms based on routine cultural examination. In all 117 bacterial isolates were recovered from all 50 vaginal samples (100 %) of 35 buffaloes during different physio-pathological status. The bacteria isolated from vaginal mucus/aspirates of buffaloes during the follicular phase comprised Corynebacterium spp. as the most predominant isolate (28.57%) followed by E. coli, Bacillus Spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., and vaginal yeast, whereas during the luteal phase, the most predominant bacteria were E. coli (23.33%) followed by Corynebacterium spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. In acyclic buffaloes, the most predominant bacteria isolated were Corynebacterium spp. (21.43%) Bacillus spp., Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli and Salmonella spp., whereas the endometritic buffaloes evinced the most predominant bacterial isolates as Corynebacterium spp. and E. coli (20.00% each) followed by Bacillus spp., Salmonella, Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. The major bacteria isolated during the entire period of pregnancy were E. coli, Micrococcus, Corynbacterium Spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Proteus. This study concludes rich bacterial diversity in the vagina of buffaloes during different physio-pathological status.

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Akter, Tangin, Sangita Ahmed et Hasanuzzaman. « Occurrence of Gram-negative bacteria in cockroaches obtained from different areas of Dhaka city ». Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 44, n^o 2 (13 juin 2017) : 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v44i2.32762.

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The presence of Gram-negative bacteria in cuticle and alimentary tract of cockroaches collected from four selected areas of Dhaka city was investigated. Using detection key, a total of 12 cockroaches were identified as Periplaneta americana (58.33%), Blattella germanica (33.33%) and Blatta orientalis (8.33%). From these three species 54 different bacterial isolates were obtained. Out of them, 33 were obtained from P. americana (14 from external and 19 from gut), 9 from B. orientalis (5 from external and 4 from gut) and 12 from B. germanica (5 from external and 7 from gut). Bacterial isolates obtained from external surface of the cockroaches belonged to four different Gram negative bacterial species (Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacter spp. and E. coli), six bacteria have been obtained from alimentary tract (Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp.). Pseudomonas spp. were the most predominant bacteria isolated from external surface (33.34%) while Klebsiella spp. were found to dominate in alimentary tract (23.33%). P. americana carried the highest number (33) of bacterial isolates and B. orientalis carried the minimum (9). This study shows that cockroaches carry several bacteria on their external body surface and alimentary tract and can play a role in bacterial transmission to humans. Therefore, the existence of cockroaches in human dwellings is a serious public health problem.Bangladesh J. Zool. 44(2): 229-236, 2016

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Alam, Nur E., Md Rayhan Ali, Md Tarek Molla, Shahin Mahmud, Kaisar Ali Talukder et AKM Mohiuddin. « Therapeutic Potential of Plant Extracts Against Multidrug Resistance Poultry Bacteria ». Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 30, n^o 1 (25 juin 2020) : 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v30i1.47797.

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Plant extracts were evaluated on bacteria isolated from poultry farm for developing substitutive therapeutic agent of antibiotics. A diverse range of bacterial load observed both in total viable count (TVC) and in total coliform count (TCC) in 30 samples randomly collected from poultry feeds, drinking water and faeces. A total of six bacterial isolates e.g. Pseudomonas spp., Aeromonas spp., Citrobacter spp., Vibrio spp., Escherichia coli and Plesiomonas spp. were found in the samples cultured in MacConkey Agar medium. Fifteen antibiotics were studied against bacterial susceptibility. All the bacterial isolates exhibited multi-antibiotic resistance (MAR) with gross resistance to erythromycin and ampicillin. E. coli had the highest MAR (53.3%), and Vibrio spp. as well as Plesiomonas spp. both had the same MAR (46.7%). Methanolic extract of Terminalia chebula and Azadirachta indica showed significant zone of inhibition against all the tested bacteria. These findings confirm the presence of multidrug resistant bacteria in poultry environment that reveals a possibility of cross-contamination to human and animals. The plant extracts could be developed into therapeutic drugs to rein antibiotic poultry resistant bacteria. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 119-130, 2020 (June)

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Korochkina, Elena A., Andrey Nechaev, Anatoly Stekolnikov et Anatoliy Nezhdanov. « PSVI-41 The comparative analysis of vaginal flora of high-productive cows in the postpartum period by Real-time PCR ». Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (décembre 2019) : 199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.411.

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Abstract The aim of the study was the comparative analysis of species composition of vaginal bugs of high-productive cows (n = 7) in the postpartum period by Real-time PCR. The material were vaginal discharge of cows (four of them had acute pyogenic endometritis, another was apparently healthy). The vaginal discharge of sick cows contained the low count of bacteria Megasphaera spp., Veillonella spp., Dialister sрp., Lactobacillus spp. and streptococcus. The evaluation of bacterial count of Lachnobacterium spp., Clostridium spp., actinomycetes Atopobium spp., bacteria Staphylococcus spp., and yeast fungi Candida spр. did not demonstrate statistically different between groups. Probably this bacteria were not the etiological origin of postpartum endometritis of cows. However, vaginal discharge of cows with diagnosis acute pyogenic endometritis had high count of bacteria of Fusobacteriaceae (6,0±3,8 and 5,3±2,6 lg genomes/g), Enterobacteriaceae (6,4±4,1 and 5,1±3,0 lg genomes/g), bacteroides of Prevotella spp. and Porphyromonas spp. (7,4±5,2 and 6,4±4,4 lg genomes/g), actinomycetes Mobiluncus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. (5,1±2,5 and 4,7±1,9 lg genomes/g), Peptostreptococcus spp. and Eubacterium spp., in comparison with apparently healthy cows. The presence of this bacteria in the vaginal discharge of apparently healthy cows suggestive that this bacteria are the permanent vaginal flora. Thus, comparative analysis of the dysbiotic sort of vaginal flora of cows in postpartum period demonstrated that vaginal discharge of cows with diagnosis acute pyogenic endometritis consists the high count of bacteria of potentially pathogenic and pathogenic groups (Fusobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas spp., Mobiluncus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Eubacterium spp.).

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Moser, Cordula K., Christina Ukowitz, Ulrike Zitz, Florian Emerstorfer, Walter Hein, Wolfgang Kneifel et Konrad J. Domig. « Monitoring the Antibacterial Effect of Rosin Acids in an Austrian Beet Sugar Plant by Amplicon-Based Sequencing and Flow Cytometry ». Applied Sciences 11, n^o 2 (14 janvier 2021) : 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020737.

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For decades, microorganisms in beet sugar production have been studied using culture-based methods. However, these methods are not sufficient to describe such a complex bacterial community. In this study, therefore, an amplicon-based sequencing technique (Illumina MiSeq platform) was applied to characterize the bacterial community and its dynamics in the extraction area and juice purification station of an Austrian beet sugar plant. Depending on the process conditions thermophilic bacteria, such as Geobacillus spp., Caenibacillus spp., and Thermus spp., and mesophilic bacteria, such as Leuconostoc spp. and Bacillus spp., were found. Besides these microbiological characteristics, the antimicrobial effect of a rosin acid-based product (Defostab 220) on the bacterial communities was investigated in industrial and laboratory trials. The antimicrobial effect of a given concentration of rosin acid varies from bacteriostatic to bactericidal effects on different occurring groups of bacteria.

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Obuekwe, I. S., et C. K. Offodile. « ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL PATHOGENS ISOLATED FROM CATTLE DUNG AND ITS CONTAMINATED SOIL ». African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment 1, n^o 2 (9 novembre 2020) : 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ajhse.v1i2.85.

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Cattle dung is used as organic fertilizer and alternative source of fuel or biogas but could also be a source of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. This study isolated, identified and assessed antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria from cattle dung and its contaminated soil. Bacteria isolation and identification were based on standard techniques while hemolytic activity was used to confirm potential pathogenic bacteria. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolated pathogens were assayed by disk diffusion method. Among isolated bacteria, Staphylococcus spp had highest occurrence of 23.8 % while Micrococcus spp was the least at 1.3 %. Hemolytic bacteria isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (16.5 %), Bacillus spp (17.4 %), Nocardia spp (4.6 %), Escherichia coli (29.4 %), Pseudomonas spp (13.8 %), Serratia marcersens (2.8 %) and Salmonella spp (15.6 %). High resistance (100 %) against Ampiclox (30 µg) was observed in all Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus spp isolates while Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates showed 100 % resistance to Ofloxacin (30 µg). Most Gram-positive bacterial isolates were majorly resistant to Beta lactams while Gram negative bacteria were resistant to Fluoroquinolones antibiotics. Multiple antibiotics resistant index (MARI) was measured at greater than 0.2, and was observed in 71.5 % of the hemolytic pathogens. Antibiotics resistance in hemolytic bacterial pathogens from this study is indicative of environmental sources of antibiotic resistance and possible adverse effects on human health.

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Wagi, Shabana, et Ambreen Ahmed. « Bacillus spp. : potent microfactories of bacterial IAA ». PeerJ 7 (23 juillet 2019) : e7258. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7258.

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Background Auxin production by bacteria is one of the most important direct mechanisms utilized by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) for the betterment of plants naturally because auxin is a plant friendly secondary metabolite synthesized naturally by bacteria, and hence improves the growth of associated plants. So, the current study focuses on bacterial synthesis of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for plant growth improvement. Methods In the current study, the PGPB were selected on the basis of their auxin production potential and their growth promoting attributes were evaluated. Indole-3-acetic acid producing potential of two selected bacterial isolates was observed by varying different growth conditions i.e., media composition, carbon sources (glucose, sucrose and lactose) and different concentrations of precursor. Influence of various physiological factors (temperature and incubation time period) on IAA production potential was also evaluated. Results Both the bacterial strains Bacillus cereus (So3II) and B. subtilis (Mt3b) showed variable potential for the production of bacterial IAA under different set of growth and environmental conditions. Hence, the IAA production potential of the bacterial isolates can be enhanced by affecting optimum growth conditions for bacterial isolates and can be used for the optimal production of bacterial IAA and its utilization for plant growth improvement can lead to better yield in an eco-friendly manner.

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Dick, A. A., et C. Wekhe. « Microbial Indoor Air Quality in a Secondary School in Port Harcourt City, Rivers State, Nigeria ». Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, n^o 7 (9 août 2020) : 1289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i7.24.

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The microbial air quality of a Secondary School in Port Harcourt was investigated between 9- 9:30am and 2-2:30am employing plate exposure and count method for bacteria and fungi estimation. Results obtained from the study showed that bacteria counts from the school for morning session ranged from 4.8 x 103 cfu/m3 (Library) to 4.07 x 104 cfu/m3 (Staffroom) and for the afternoon 9.8 x 103 cfu/m3 (Library) to 4.66 x 104 cfu/m3(SS1A Classroom). Fungal counts ranged from 5.68 x 103 cfu/m3 (Library) to 2.07 x 104 cfu/m3 (SS3B Classroom) for the morning sessions and 6.56 x 103 cfu/m3 (Library) to 2.59 x 104 cfu/m3 (SS3B Classroom) for the afternoon session. Seven bacterial species, Bacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia spp and six fungal species, Alternaria spp., Aspergillus niger, Candida spp., Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., and Rhizopus spp were isolated. The bioaerosol concentrations were higher than recommended limit regardless of the sampling sessions. The high microbial counts and identified bacterial and fungal species may pose a serious problem to learning. Keywords: Microbial Air Quality, Classroom, Bacteria, Fungi, Niger Delta

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Thèses sur le sujet "Bacteria spp"

Gumbo, Jabulani Ray. « Antagonism of Bacillus spp. towards Microcyctis aeruginosa ». Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04102008-113241/.

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Thesis (PhD Microbiology and Plant Pathology(Water resource management))-University of Pretoria, 2006.
Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

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He, Hongjun. « Thermal adaptation in Xenorhabdus spp., bacterial symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema spp ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0014/MQ42392.pdf.

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Allegretti, Luciana. « Isolamento e identificação de Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus spp., Pediococcus spp. e Lactococcus spp. da microbiota intestinal de Papagaio-verdadeiro (Amazona aestiva) ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10133/tde-08122009-143059/.

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No Brasil, o papagaio-verdadeiro (Amazona aestiva) é uma das aves mais procuradas como animal de estimação e comercializadas ilegalmente. Na literatura pouco é descrito sobre a microbiota intestinal de aves silvestres. O trato intestinal das aves é composto por inúmeras e diferentes espécies bacterianas. A grande maioria são bactérias gram-positivas pertencentes ao grupo de bactérias ácido-láticas. Este estudo teve como objetivo isolar e identificar a presença de bactérias dos gêneros Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Pediococcus e Lactococcus na microbiota entérica de papagaios Amazona aestiva de vida livre e de cativeiro. Para isto foram coletadas amostras de 26 aves de vida livre e de 26 aves procedentes de dois criadouros comerciais. O Enterococcus foi o gênero que apresentou maior freqüência de isolamentos (100%), seguido dos gêneros Pediococcus (63,46%), Lactobacillus (28,84%), Lactococcus e Bifidobacterium (15,38%). Foram isoladas 12 espécies de Enterococcus, sendo o E. faecium a espécie que apresentou maior ocorrência de isolamento, presente em 63,46% das aves, seguido por E. faecalis isolado em 57,69% das aves, Enterococcus sp. identificado em 46,15% das aves, E. hirae em 30,76% e E. raffinosus em 19,23%. Seis espécies de Pediococcus foram isoladas, sendo que P. pentosaceus foi a mais freqüente e esteve presente em 57,69% das aves. Foram isoladas cinco (5) espécies de Lactococcus, sendo L. lactis subsp. cremoris isolados em 3,84% das aves e Lactococcus sp. em 9,61%. Lactobacillus apresentou uma maior diversidade, com 14 espécies identificadas, sendo as mais freqüentes L. coryniformis subsp. torquens e L. sanfrancisco com 7,69% de aves positivas para cada espécie. Três (3) espécies de Bifidobacterium foram isoladas, sendo B. bifidum identificado em 9,61% das aves. Estudos complementares precisam ser conduzidos para uma melhor compreensão da microbiota intestinal das aves silvestres, assim como analisar as similaridades e diferenças com as aves domésticas, o que permitirá um manejo apropriado e menos empírico desta espécie em cativeiro.
In Brazil, Blue-fronted Parrot (Amazona aestiva) has been widely owned as a pet bird and, therefore, one of the Brazilians birds most frequently traded illegally in the Black Market. There are few reports in the current literature regarding to the microbiota of wild birds. The gastrointestinal tract of these birds has a wide variety of bacterial species; most of them are Gram positive bacteria and belongs to the lactic acid group. The present study has isolated and identified Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, and Lactococcus bacterias present in fecal samples of wild and captive Amazona aestiva parrots. Fifty two fecal samples were collected from 26 wild parrots and 26 parrots from commercial breeders. Enterococcus genus was the most frequently isolated (100%), followed by Pediococcus (63.46%), Lactobacillus (28.84%), Lactococcus and Bifidobacterium (15.38%). Twelve species of Enterococcus were identified. E. faecium was the most frequently isolated from the birds representing 63.46%, followed by E. faecalis (57.69%), Enterococcus sp. (46.15%), E. hirae (30.76%), and E. raffinosus (19.23%). P. pentosaceus was identified from 57.69% of the parrots. This specie was the most frequently isolated. Five different species of Lactococcus were found out. Lactococcus sp. was identified from 9.61% of the birds, while L. lactis subsp. lactis represented 3.84%. Fourteen different species of Lactobacillus were isolated, showing the biggest diversity among all the studied genera. L. coryniformis subsp. torquens and L. sanfrancisco were isolated from 7.69% of the birds. Three different species of Bifidobacterium were isolated, and B. bifidum was identified in 9.61% of the birds, being the most frequently isolated. Further studies are needed to a better comprehension of the microbiota in wild birds. Besides comparing differences and similarities between wildlife parrots and pet birds will allow appropriate and less empiric management of those birds in captivity.

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Chang, Su-Sen. « Guaiacol producing Alicyclobacillus spp. differentiation, detection, and control / ». Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2008/S_Chang_090208.pdf.

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Bender, Patricia. « Tipificação molecular de amostras de Brucella spp. utilização a técnica de BOX-PCR ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/5365.

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O gênero Brucella é formado por coco-bacilos Gram negativos patogênicos ao homem e animais, sendo classificado como patógeno de grupo de risco III. A identificação dessas bactérias apresenta várias limitações como: exigência de inoculação em vários meios, tempo de incubação longo e necessidade de soros imunes e bacteriófagos. Devido à sua alta patogenicidade e ao longo tempo de exposição dos laboratoristas à bactéria, a brucelose é uma das infecções mais freqüentemente adquiridas em laboratório. Além da contaminação em laboratório, a transmissão ao homem pode ocorrer através de animais infectados e ingestão de produtos derivados, como o leite cru. A procura de métodos rápidos de identificação das espécies e biovares pode ser útil para diminuir os riscos do manuseio desta bactéria e na tomada de medidas de controle epidemiológico. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi facilitar a classificação de cepas de referência de Brucella spp. e isoladas no Brasil utilizando a técnica de rep-PCR com oligonucleotídeos do elemento BOX, uma seqüência repetida presente no genoma de várias bactérias. Foram analisados 38 isolados representando diferentes espécies e biovares de Brucella sp. e 13 isolados de gêneros relacionados como controle da especificidade da reação. Foi realizada uma confirmação prévia dos isolados de brucela por testes bioquímicos e PCR gênero-específica. A técnica de BOX-PCR agrupou todas as espécies e biovares de Brucella em um único grupo com nível de similaridade entre 100 e 74%. Diferenças entre os isolados, quanto a presença ou ausência de bandas, puderam ser observadas. Entretanto, essas divergências não caracterizam uma espécie ou biovar. Bandas comuns a todos os isolados de Brucella sp. podem caracterizar o gênero.

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Witzig, Stephen B. « Signals affecting the urease status of plant-associated bacteria, Methylobacterium spp ». Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5049.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 12, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

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Al-Ghabshi, Alya. « Bacteria recovered from aquaculture in Oman, with emphasis on Aeromonas Spp ». Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22154.

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Aquaculture is being seriously considered as a promising sustainable industry in the Sultanate of Oman. Fish farming commenced in Oman in 1986, but it was only in 2011 that it became a more commercially driven sector. While worldwide aquaculture production is expected to rise to meet the shortage in capture fisheries, there is a parallel requirement to identify potential threats to the health and welfare of existing aquatic farmed stocks and to take appropriate steps to mitigate them. As aquaculture in Oman is in an early stage of development, it is important to acquire baseline data on the existence and prevalence of aquatic diseases and pathogens to help the Government make policy decisions to develop health management regimes applicable for Omani aquaculture. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate current farming practices of tilapia in Oman, to investigate the bacterial species composition and distribution from different sites in some of the economically important fish species, and to study the characteristics and pathogenicity of Aeromonas species. The current practices were studied for 9 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farms from four areas (Al Batinah, Ad Dhahirah, Ad Dakhiliyah and Ash Sharqiyah North) during the period of September to November 2012 by using questionnaires and interviews with the farm owners and staff. In total 417 fish representing 5 target species were chosen on the basis of the commercial importance and their potential for aquaculture in Oman, including red spot emperor (Lethrinus lentjan), king soldier bream (Argyrops spinifer), white spotted rabbit fish (Siganus canaliculatus), abalone (Haliotis mariae) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The fish were collected from 5 main sampling areas in Oman (Muscat, Mudhaibi, Manah, Sohar and Salalah) based on the Atlas of suitable sites for aquaculture in Oman to investigate the bacterial species composition and distribution. The animals were examined for clinical signs of disease prior to routine bacteriology. Bacterial isolates were recovered using traditional methods and identified to species level using phenotypic and molecular approaches using 16S rDNA, 16S rDNA RFLP and 16S rDNA sequencing. Experimental fish challenge studies were also conducted using both live bacterial cells and ECP protein to investigate the pathogenicity of Aeromonas isolates. In addition, the presence of some virulence factors was investigated using both phenotypic and genotypic methods. The results of this study showed that, the most farms in the Oman follow very similar farming practices. The major proportion of the tilapia is consumed within the local communities. A number of farmers have experienced mortalities, which were considered to be attributable to poor water quality, overcrowding or due to excessive feeding. Farmers facing fish mortalities tended not to record the problems due to a lack of understanding of the concept of fish farm management. There is a regulation about aquaculture and related quality control, but it has not yet been implemented in an appropriate manner in Oman. From the diverse group of bacteria recovered from wild and farmed fish, 83% of the total isolates comprised Gram negative, rod-shaped bacteria. The most frequently isolated groups from marine and cultured fish were Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., Sphingobacterium spp., Micrococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp., with Aeromonas spp. being the predominant group representing 25% of the isolates recovered in this study. Identification of the Aeromonas spp. showed 57% agreement between the results of phenotypic and genotypic methodologies, and determined 6 species as the dominant organisms, i.e. A. veronii, A. jandaei, A. caviae, A. trota, A. encheleia and A. salmonicida. 65% of the iso-lates shared 99% 16S rDNA sequence similarity with the closest sequences in GenBank, and the dominant species was A. veronii. In conclusion, the Aeromonas isolates recovered from fish with clinical signs of disease showed heterogeneity in their identification profiles and their pathogenicity.

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Geiselbrecht, Allison D. « The distribution and PAH-degradative potential of Cycloclasticus spp. in the marine environment / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11493.

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Danielsson, Mari. « Survival of Spore forming bacteria during pasteurisation and anaerobic digestion in biogas plants ». Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6990.

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ABSTRACT

Anaerobic digestion is one way of handling biowaste and generating energy in the form of methane, biogas.

This study shows that spore forming bacterias survive the process of pasteurisation and anaerobic digestion in biogas plants. It has also been established that both the nonpasteurised-and digestion- waste contains pathogen spore forming bacterias. Two Swedish full-scale

commercial biogas plants were sampled before pasteurisation, after pasteurisation and after digestion on 10 occasions with one week intervals. The samples were analysed quantitatively

and qualitatively, with biochemical methods, for Clostridium spp and Bacillus spp.

Polymerase Chain Reaction, a biomolecular method, was used for

C. chauvei analysis, with C. chauvei specific primers. For this analyse the biogas plants were sampled at 11 occasions.

Survival of pathogenic spore forming bacteria in digestion residue may be a health risk for both humans and animals. The digested residue may be used as fertiliser on arable land and the risk of contamination by pathogenic Clostridium spp and Bacillus spp is hard to assess, but can not be neglected.

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Dourado, Manuella Nóbrega. « Ecologia de Methylobacterium spp. na planta hospedeira ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-21062010-152920/.

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O gênero Methylobacterium é composto por bactérias de coloração rósea, metilotróficas facultativas (PPFM - pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic), que podem fixar nitrogênio, nodular a planta hospedeira, produzir o fitohormônio citocinina e as enzimas pectinase e celulase, podendo dessa forma promover o crescimento vegetal devido à disponibilidade de nitrogênio e à indução de resistência sistêmica. Methylobacterium spp. têm sido descritas como endófitos ou epífitas em diferentes plantas hospedeiras, onde a sua colonização e distribuição no hospedeiro podem ser influenciadas pelo genótipo da planta ou por interações com outros microrganismos associados ao hospedeiro. Neste contexto, poucos trabalhos têm sido desenvolvidos visando um melhor entendimento da interação Methylobacterium-planta e da diversidade deste gênero bacteriano que tem sido isolado de diferentes plantas hospedeiras, exercendo diferentes funções ainda pouco conhecidas. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a diversidade genética de Methylobacterium spp., por meio do seqüenciamento parcial dos genes 16S rRNA e mxaF; analisar os genes de responsáveis pela interação da Methylobacterium com a planta hospedeira e analisar os genes envolvidos na interação Methylobacterium (endófito)- Xylella fastidiosa (patógeno). Os resultados mostraram que existe uma resposta adaptativa de Methylobacterium spp. específica para cada planta hospedeira. Da mesma forma, foi observado que esta adaptação específica da bactéria à planta, também pode levar à seleção de genótipos específicos para cada planta hospedeira, embora eventos aleatórios também possam ser responsáveis pela diversidade de Methylobacterium na planta hospedeira. Na análise de expressão gênica da interação Methylobacterium-planta, foi observado que o gene relacionado ao metabolismo do metanol (mxaF) não apresentou mudança no padrão de expressão. Genes relacionados a estresse crtI (estresse sentido pela bactéria) e acdS (estresse sentido pela planta), tiveram suas expressões reduzidas na presença da planta, mostrando que a presença de exsudados das plantas não representou um estresse ao desenvolvimento bacteriano. Os genes relacionados à patogenicidade patatin e phoU não foram alterados, confirmando que Methylobacterium é um endófito, e possuem expressão induzida de tais genes quando interagindo com a planta hospedeira. Os resultados permitem concluir que nas condições avaliadas os exsudados das plantas não causam estresse à bactéria (SR1.6/6). Por meio da análise de expressão gênica in vitro de X. fastidiosa em co-cultivo com M. mesophilicum, foi observado que este fitopatógeno vascular apresentou diminuição do crescimento e da formação de biofilme. Os resultados aqui apresentados mostram que a diversidade deste grupo de endófitos é parcialmente determinada pela planta hospedeira, onde tais bactérias interagem tanto com a planta como com outros grupos, como fitopatógenos presentes neste nicho.
The genus Methylobacterium, constituted by PPFMs - pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic, are able to fix nitrogen, nodule the host plant, produce cytokines and enzymes involved in induction of systemic resistance such as pectinase and cellulase, inducing plant growth. Methylobacterium sp. has been described as endophyte or epiphyte in different host plants, where the colonization and distribution on the host can be influenced by plant genotype or by interaction with other microorganisms associated to the host. In this context, few studies aims the better understanding of the diversity of this genus in different host, the interaction Methylobacterium-plant, and the interaction Methylobacterium-other bacteria. Therefore, this study aims to study the genetic diversity of Methylobacterium spp., by sequencing the 16S rRNA and mxaF gene; to analyze the genes responsible for the Methylobacterium-plant host interaction and to analyze the genes involved in Methylobacterium (endophyte) - Xylella fastidiosa (pathogen) interaction. Results show differential adaptive responses of Methylobacterium spp. in distinct plant species. However, the clustering according to the host plant was observed for a subset of isolates, suggesting that this diversity could be driven by stochastic events, although plant genotype may contribute to this diversity. Analyzing the Methylobacterium-plant interaction gene expression it was observed that genes related to metabolism of methanol (mxaF) was not amended. The genes related to stress such as crtI (stress sensed by the bacteria) and acdS (stress sensed by the plant) had its expression reduced with the plant showing that the plant exudates did not represent a stress to the bacteria development. The genes related to pathogenicity like patatin and phoU were not amended, confirming that Methylobacterium is an endophyte that do not induce when the bacteria interacts with the plant host. Using a genetic expression analyses of X. fastidiosa in vitro in co-cultive with M. mesophilicum, it was seen that this phytopathogen presented the growth and biofilm formation reduction. These results show that the diversity of this endophyte group is partially determinate by the plant host, where this bacterium interacts with the plant and with other groups, such as phytopathogen present in this niche.

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Livres sur le sujet "Bacteria spp"

Earlis, Helen M. Studies on the amyloltic systems of hyperproducing Bacillus spp. IMD 443 and IMD 391. Dublin : University College Dublin, 1998.

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Kasirœ̄k, Wannaphā. Kāntrūat yǣk chư̄a bǣkthīrīa læ pō̜rasit thī kō̜haikœ̄t rōk nai mānām (Hippocampus spp.) : Rāingān kānwičhai = Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria and parasites of seahorse. [Chonburi] : Sathāban Witthayāsāt thāng Thalē, Mahāwitthayālai Būraphā, 2003.

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Lifshitz, Ran. Development of DNA probe(s) for the detection of Bifidobacterium spp. in water : Final report. Toronto : Ministry of Environment and Energy, Environmental Research Program, 1996.

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Kāntrūat yǣk chư̄a bǣkthīrīa læ pō̜rasit thī kō̜haikœ̄t rōk nai mānām (Hippocampus spp.) : Rāingān kānwičhai = Isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria and parasites of seahorse. [Chonburi] : Sathāban Witthayāsāt thāng Thalē, Mahāwitthayālai Būraphā, 2003.

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Bentley, Tony. Bacterial infection. Sous la direction de Patrick Davey et David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0310.

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Caracterización de azotobacter spp. y otras bacterias diazótrofas para su posible uso como biofertilizantes - 1. ed. Ecoe Ediciones, 2013.

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Thwaites, Richard Mark. Molecular studies on the variability and basis of pathogenicity of vascular bacterial pathogens of Musa spp.. [Wye College, University of London], 1999.

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Rudwaleit, Martin, et Atul Deodhar. Diagnosis, classification, and management of peripheral spondyloarthritis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198734444.003.0004.

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Spondyloarthritis (SpA) can affect the axial skeleton (axSpA) but also manifest as peripheral arthritis, enthesitis, and dactylitis (peripheral SpA). Peripheral SpA can occur after bacterial infections (reactive arthritis) or be associated with psoriasis or inflammatory bowel disease. The arthritis is usually asymmetric, affects predominantly the lower extremity, and can be self-limiting but can also run a chronic course. The frequency of HLA-B27 is around 50% in purely peripheral SpA, while it is 70–90% in axSpA. For classification, the Amor, ESSG, or more recent ASAS criteria for peripheral SpA can be used. The ASAS criteria are likely to capture early peripheral SpA better than the other two. Therapy includes NSAIDs, local steroid injections, and synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, of which sulfasalazine is best studied and the preferred drug for peripheral arthritis. A recent, placebo-controlled clinical trial with adalimumab may lead to the first approval of a biologic in peripheral SpA.

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Wilson, John W., et Lynn L. Estes. Intra-Abdominal Infections. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199797783.003.0116.

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• Peritoneal infection without an obvious source• Adult patients with cirrhosis and ascites (higher risk: gastrointestinal [GI] bleeding, previous spontaneous bacterial peritonitis [SBP], or low protein concentration in ascitic fluid) or, occasionally, congestive heart failure, malignancy, or connective tissue disease• Pediatric patients with postnecrotic cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, or urinary tract infections...

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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations., World Health Organization et Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Risk Assessment of Campylobacter spp. in Broiler Chickens and Vibrio spp. in Seafood (2002 : Bangkok, Thailand), dir. Risk assessment of Campylobacter spp. in broiler chickens and Vibrio spp. in seafood : Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation, Bangkok, Thailand, 5-9 August 2002. Rome : World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2003.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Bacteria spp"

Celli, Jean. « The Intracellular Life Cycle of Brucella spp. » Dans Bacteria and Intracellularity, 101–11. Hoboken, NJ, USA : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781683670261.ch7.

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Barja, François, Cristina Andrés-Barrao, Ruben Ortega Pérez, Elena María Cabello et Marie-Louise Chappuis. « Physiology of Komagataeibacter spp. During Acetic Acid Fermentation ». Dans Acetic Acid Bacteria, 201–21. Tokyo : Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55933-7_9.

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Lupo, Agnese, Marisa Haenni et Jean-Yves Madec. « Antimicrobial Resistance in Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. » Dans Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 377–93. Washington, DC, USA : ASM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819804.ch17.

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Feßler, Andrea T., et Stefan Schwarz. « Antimicrobial Resistance in Corynebacterium spp., Arcanobacterium spp., and Trueperella pyogenes ». Dans Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 395–408. Washington, DC, USA : ASM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819804.ch18.

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Okamoto-Kainuma, Akiko, et Morio Ishikawa. « Physiology of Acetobacter spp. : Involvement of Molecular Chaperones During Acetic Acid Fermentation ». Dans Acetic Acid Bacteria, 179–99. Tokyo : Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55933-7_8.

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Shen, Zhangqi, Yang Wang, Qijing Zhang et Jianzhong Shen. « Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter spp. » Dans Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 317–30. Washington, DC, USA : ASM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819804.ch14.

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Wang, Yang, Tao He, Zhangqi Shen et Congming Wu. « Antimicrobial Resistance in Stenotrophomonas spp. » Dans Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 409–23. Washington, DC, USA : ASM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819804.ch19.

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Gautier-Bouchardon, Anne V. « Antimicrobial Resistance in Mycoplasma spp. » Dans Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 425–46. Washington, DC, USA : ASM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819804.ch20.

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Haenni, Marisa, Agnese Lupo et Jean-Yves Madec. « Antimicrobial Resistance in Streptococcus spp. » Dans Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 159–84. Washington, DC, USA : ASM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819804.ch8.

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Sansinenea, Estibaliz. « Bacillus spp. : As Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria ». Dans Secondary Metabolites of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizomicroorganisms, 225–37. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5862-3_11.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Bacteria spp"

Rastimesina, Inna, Olga Postolachi, Valentina Josan, Alina Cotoman et Vera Mamaliga. « Screening of low density polyethylene degrading microorganisms ». Dans National Scientific Symposium With International Participation : Modern Biotechnologies – Solutions to the Challenges of the Contemporary World. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb21.003.

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Bacteria, actinobacteria, and micromycetes stored in the National Collection of NonPathogenic Microorganisms (CNMN) were assessed for the capacity to grow and degrade LDPE. There were tested 15 strains of bacteria from genera Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Rhodococcus, and 15 strains of micromycetes from genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. Among the studied bacterial strains, actinobacteria were more effective in LDPE degradation than bacilli and Pseudomonas spp. The members of genus Penicillium, in comparing with Aspergillus spp., degraded LDPE more actively.

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Maksimov, I. V., E. A. Cherepanova, A. V. Sorokan, G. F. Burkhanova et R. M. Khayrullin. « Endophytic bacteria Bacillus spp. as effective phytoimmunizers ». Dans IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-275.

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Firdaus, Muhamad, Hartati Kartikaningsih et Umi Sulifah. « Sargassum spp extract inhibits the growth of foodborne illness bacteria ». Dans INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS) 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5141696.

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Wahab, Zena Amer Abdul, et A. M. Hala Arshad Ali. « Treatment of wastewater in the city of Tikrit using bacteria pseudomonas spp ». Dans 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING & SCIENCE (IConMEAS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0000452.

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Lukjanova, Е. А., А. N. Sysoeva, D. А. Ivasenko, D. А. Ivasenko et Y. А. Frank. « EFFECT OF THE “BIOBAKT “MICROCLIMATE” BIOLOGICAL PREPARATION ON MICROFLORA OF INDOOR LIVESTOCK FARM SECTIONS ». Dans STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.683-685.

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Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of the biological preparation "BioBact" Microclimate" based on Bacillus subtilis D18 on the microflora of indoor livestock farm sections. Experimental treatment of farrowing sections was carried out at one of the livestock farms in Tomsk region, West Siberia. Monitoring of the sanitary-indicative microorganisms counts revealed a decrease in the total aerobic microbial counts, number of E. coli group bacteria, enteric bacteria and Staphylococcus spp. in the experimental sections of the livestock farm compared to control conditions.

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Du, Huijing, Zhiliang Xu, Morgen Anyan, Oleg Kim, W. Matthew Leevy, Joshua D. Shrout et Mark Alber. « Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Cells Alter Environment to Efficiently Colonize Surfaces Using Fluid Dynamics ». Dans ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80316.

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Many bacteria use motility described as swarming to colonize surfaces and form biofilm. Swarming motility has been shown important to biofilm formation [1], where cells act not as individuals but as coordinated groups to move across surfaces, often within a thin-liquid film [2]. Production of a surfactant during swarm improves bacterial motility by lowering surface tension of the liquid film [2]. The mechanism of cell motion during swarming are currently best described for Escherichia coli and Paenibacillus spp., which spread as monolayers of motile cells [3,4]. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), which does not swarm as a monolayer, the cell and fluid patterns are difficult to discern using current experimental methods. It is not yet known if swarming P. aeruginosa cells behave solely as swimming cells [5] or if twitching, sliding, or walking motility [6] are also important to swarming.

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Cruz, C. M. Amorocho, J. García Hernández, Y. Moreno Trigos, A. Jiménez Belenguer, M. A. Ferrús Pérez et M. Hernández Pérez. « In vitro effect of lactic acid bacteria isolated from guirra sheep against Salmonella spp. » Dans Proceedings of the III International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2009). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814322119_0087.

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Thiyagarajan, Magesh. « Portable Plasma Medical Device for Infection Treatment and Wound Healing ». Dans ASME 2011 6th Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2011-66031.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of plasma treatment on bacteria in liquid phases. We predict that the plasma gas can penetrate the liquid culture media and plasma treatment will efficiently kill the bacteria at unique time and distance parameters. It is also hypothesized that less stringent plasma treatment will negatively affect the growth rate of some species of bacteria and possibly their pathogenicity. The bacteria were exposed to hot and cold plasma at various time lengths and distance parameters. Our results indicated that 2 minutes of hot plasma treatment with the plasma torch 5 cm away from the liquid culture is effective in killing/sterilizing cultures of S. aureus, S. pyogenes, Salmonella spp, N. meningitidis, and E. coli. Five minutes of cold plasma with the probe immersed 1–2 cm inside the liquid culture were needed to kill the bacteria. The portable nonthermal plasma system can be used for infection treatment and wound healing applications affected by the microbes studied in this research [1–4].

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Kameneva, I. A., A. I. Yakubovskaya, V. S. Pashtetskiy, N. Yu Polyakova, M. V. Gritchin, I. I. Smirnova et G. N. Konopleva. « Prospect of using oilcakes in biotechnology of microbial preparations ». Dans CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea", 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-112.

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The actual problem in the development of new and improvement of existing forms of microbial preparations for crop production is the search for technological and economical components of the substrate to increase the titer of bacteria and keep their viability for a long period. The aim of our research was to study the technological effectiveness of the oilcake obtained after oil extraction from seeds of Linum usitatissimum L. (flax) and Brassica spp. L. (mustard) as a component of a liquid nutrient medium for the cultivation of associative bacteria. The addition of mustard and flax cake to the cultivation medium of P. polymyxa CCM P contributed to an increase in the titer of bacteria by 3.1 and 4.3 times, respectively, compared to control. We found that mustard cake has a stimulating and stabilizing effect on P. polymyxa CCM P, as well as a stabilizing one on L. nimipressuralis 32-3 CCM when storing for a month.

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Kozlowska, Anna-Maria, Steve R. Langford, Manjit S. Kahlon et Haydn G. Williams. « Enhanced Bioremediation as a Cost Effective Approach Following Thermally Enhanced Soil Vapour Extraction for Sites Requiring Remediation of Chlorinated Solvents ». Dans ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16296.

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Thermally enhanced bioremediation can be a more cost-effective alternative to full scale in-situ thermal treatment especially for sites contaminated with chlorinated solvents, where reductive dechlorination is or might be a dominant biological step. The effect of Thermally Enhanced Soil Vapour Extraction (TESVE) on indigenous microbial communities and the potential for subsequent biological polishing of chlorinated solvents was investigated in field trials at the Western Storage Area (WSA) – RSRL (formerly United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority - UKAEA) Oxfordshire, UK. The WSA site had been contaminated with various chemicals including mineral oil, chloroform, trichloroethane (TCA), carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethene (PCE). The contamination had affected the unsaturated zone, groundwater in the chalk aquifer and was a continuing source of groundwater contamination below the WSA. During TESVE the target treatment zone was heated to above the boiling point of water increasing the degree of volatilization of contaminants of concern (CoC), which were mobilised and extracted in the vapour phase. A significant reduction of concentrations of chlorinated solvent in the unsaturated zone was achieved by the full-scale application of TESVE – In Situ Thermal Desorption (ISTD) technology. The rock mass temperature within target treatment zone remained in the range of 35°–44° C, 6 months after cessation of heating. The concentration of chlorinated ethenes and other CoC were found to be significantly lower adjacent to the thermal treatment area and 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower within the thermal treatment zone. Samples were collected within and outside the thermal treatment zone using BioTraps® (passive, in-situ microbial samplers) from which the numbers of specific bacteria were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods of analysis. High populations of reductive dechlorinators such as Dechalococcoides spp. and Dehalobacter spp., were found within the zone that was subjected to thermal remediation and moderate levels of Dehalobacter sp were found outside the treatment area. These results confirm dehalogenating bacteria are present within the site and suggest populations have bounced back following thermal treatment. The thermally treated zone showed a greater number of active indigenous bacteria — indicating that the conditions following TESVE treatment selectively promote the growth of desirable bacteria. This might result from elimination of micro-organisms competing for hydrogen as an electron donor, increased biovailability of CoC or a reduction in its inhibiting properties. This paper aims to show the potential for biologically mediated contaminant reduction in assisting thermal remediation projects. During and post active thermal remediation this approach can help reduce total treatment costs by providing an inexpensive final polishing step or by being a complementary process within the perimeter of heated zone and inside hotspots during the cool-down phase.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Bacteria spp"

Gardner, Shea, et Tom Slezak. saSNP Approach for Scalable SNP Analyses of Multiple Bacterial or Viral Genomes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), juillet 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1119933.

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KHASAEVA, Igor PARSHIKOV et ZARAISKY. DEGRADATION OF 4-METHYLPYRIDINE BY ARTHROBACTER SP. Intellectual Archive, décembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2462.

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In the process of degradation of 4-methylpyridine by bacterium Àrthrobacter sp. KM-4MP were isolated two metabolites and identified as 4-methylpyridin-2-ol and 8-hydroxy-4-methylidene-1Hcyclopenta[ 1,2-b:3,4-c’]dipyridine-2,3,5,7(4H,6H)-tetrone.

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Jorgensen, Frieda, Andre Charlett, Craig Swift, Anais Painset et Nicolae Corcionivoschi. A survey of the levels of Campylobacter spp. contamination and prevalence of selected antimicrobial resistance determinants in fresh whole UK-produced chilled chickens at retail sale (non-major retailers). Food Standards Agency, juin 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.xls618.

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Campylobacter spp. are the most common bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the UK, with chicken considered to be the most important vehicle for this organism. The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) agreed with industry to reduce Campylobacter spp. contamination in raw chicken and issued a target to reduce the prevalence of the most contaminated chickens (those with more than 1000 cfu per g chicken neck skin) to below 10 % at the end of the slaughter process, initially by 2016. To help monitor progress, a series of UK-wide surveys were undertaken to determine the levels of Campylobacter spp. on whole UK-produced, fresh chicken at retail sale in the UK. The data obtained for the first four years was reported in FSA projects FS241044 (2014/15) and FS102121 (2015 to 2018). The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated raw whole retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target. This report presents results from testing chickens from non-major retailer stores (only) in a fifth survey year from 2018 to 2019. In line with previous practise, samples were collected from stores distributed throughout the UK (in proportion to the population size of each country). Testing was performed by two laboratories - a Public Health England (PHE) laboratory or the Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Belfast. Enumeration of Campylobacter spp. was performed using the ISO 10272-2 standard enumeration method applied with a detection limit of 10 colony forming units (cfu) per gram (g) of neck skin. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to selected antimicrobials in accordance with those advised in the EU harmonised monitoring protocol was predicted from genome sequence data in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates The percentage (10.8%) of fresh, whole chicken at retail sale in stores of smaller chains (for example, Iceland, McColl’s, Budgens, Nisa, Costcutter, One Stop), independents and butchers (collectively referred to as non-major retailer stores in this report) in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. has decreased since the previous survey year but is still higher than that found in samples from major retailers. 8 whole fresh raw chickens from non-major retailer stores were collected from August 2018 to July 2019 (n = 1009). Campylobacter spp. were detected in 55.8% of the chicken skin samples obtained from non-major retailer shops, and 10.8% of the samples had counts above 1000 cfu per g chicken skin. Comparison among production plant approval codes showed significant differences of the percentages of chicken samples with more than 1000 cfu per g, ranging from 0% to 28.1%. The percentage of samples with more than 1000 cfu of Campylobacter spp. per g was significantly higher in the period May, June and July than in the period November to April. The percentage of highly contaminated samples was significantly higher for samples taken from larger compared to smaller chickens. There was no statistical difference in the percentage of highly contaminated samples between those obtained from chicken reared with access to range (for example, free-range and organic birds) and those reared under standard regime (for example, no access to range) but the small sample size for organic and to a lesser extent free-range chickens, may have limited the ability to detect important differences should they exist. Campylobacter species was determined for isolates from 93.4% of the positive samples. C. jejuni was isolated from the majority (72.6%) of samples while C. coli was identified in 22.1% of samples. A combination of both species was found in 5.3% of samples. C. coli was more frequently isolated from samples obtained from chicken reared with access to range in comparison to those reared as standard birds. C. jejuni was less prevalent during the summer months of June, July and August compared to the remaining months of the year. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone), erythromycin (macrolide), tetracycline, (tetracyclines), gentamicin and streptomycin (aminoglycosides) was predicted from WGS data by the detection of known antimicrobial resistance determinants. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was detected in 185 (51.7%) isolates of C. jejuni and 49 (42.1%) isolates of C. coli; while 220 (61.1%) isolates of C. jejuni and 73 (62.9%) isolates of C. coli isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Three C. coli (2.6%) but none of the C. jejuni isolates harboured 23S mutations predicting reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR), defined as harbouring genetic determinants for resistance to at least three unrelated antimicrobial classes, was found in 10 (8.6%) C. coli isolates but not in any C. jejuni isolates. Co-resistance to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin was predicted in 1.7% of C. coli isolates. 9 Overall, the percentages of isolates with genetic AMR determinants found in this study were similar to those reported in the previous survey year (August 2016 to July 2017) where testing was based on phenotypic break-point testing. Multi-drug resistance was similar to that found in the previous survey years. It is recommended that trends in AMR in Campylobacter spp. isolates from retail chickens continue to be monitored to realise any increasing resistance of concern, particulary to erythromycin (macrolide). Considering that the percentage of fresh, whole chicken from non-major retailer stores in the UK that are highly contaminated (at more than 1000 cfu per g) with Campylobacter spp. continues to be above that in samples from major retailers more action including consideration of interventions such as improved biosecurity and slaughterhouse measures is needed to achieve better control of Campylobacter spp. for this section of the industry. The FSA has indicated that the retail proxy target for the percentage of highly contaminated retail chickens should be less than 7% and while continued monitoring has demonstrated a sustained decline for chickens from major retailer stores, chicken on sale in other stores have yet to meet this target.

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