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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Bandits adverses »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 8 mars 2025

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Bandits adverses"

Szurlej, Tatiana. « From Heroic Durga to the Next Victim of an Oppressive Patriarchal Indian Culture : Too Many Variants of Phoolan Devi’s Biography ». Cracow Indological Studies 20, n^o 2 (31 décembre 2018) : 257–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/cis.20.2018.02.12.

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Phoolan Devi (10.08.1963–25.07.2001), the famous Bandit Queen still appears in stories about famous Indian women. However, while in India, mainly among poor villagers, she is usually described as a heroic defender of the poorest, in the West Phoolan is seen primarily as another victim of Indian patriarchal culture. Moreover, although most of books about Phoolan are based on interviews with her, every version of her biography differs from one another, which raises the question whether these differences are the consequence of a conscious manipulation of a person who tries to justify certain dark aspects of her life, since the famous dacoit owes her fame to her bloody act of revenge on Thakurs in the Behmai village, which was the biggest crime committed by bandits in India until then. The most popular story about Phoolan’s life is the film Bandit Queen made in 1994 by Shekhar Kapur, based on the book India’s Bandit Queen. The True Story of Phoolan Devi by Mala Sen, who is also the author of the screenplay. The autobiography of Phoolan Devi, who tried to stop the release of the Bandit Queen, claiming that it shows a false story, was written in response to those two works. By constructing her image in the autobiography, Phoolan Devi tries to appear as a very strong woman who could achieve a lot, in spite of adverse conditions. Yet it is hard to resist the impression that the autobiography of Phoolan Devi, despite of its very realistic elements, is to some extent a false testimony. The question remains whether it was the publisher, who decided to construct the story this way to satisfy the tastes of the Western readers and respond to their needs, just like the movie of Shekhar Kapur, or maybe Phoolan, deliberately or unknowingly, presented herself as a victim in search of sympathy after the massacre in Behmai.

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Guo, Yushi. « Strategy Selection Using Multi-Armed Bandit Algorithms in Financial Markets ». Applied and Computational Engineering 83, n^o 1 (18 octobre 2024) : 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/83/2024glg0075.

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This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithms in choosing the optimal trading strategy among the sub optimal ones within financial markets. The research aims to addresses the challenge of adapting to dynamic market conditions. By introducing a Composite Trading Strategy that integrates trend-following, mean reversion, and momentum strategies, the study investigates whether increased trading frequency enhances the performance of profitability of various MAB algorithms, including UCB, Thompson Sampling, and epsilon-greedy. The experimental results indicate that while the introduction of complex strategies greatly improves returns in favorable market conditions, MAB algorithms still face limitations in adverse market environments. The findings highlight the potential of MAB algorithms in financial strategy selection and suggest directions for future research to enhance their adaptability in adverse markets.

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Edwards, James A., et David S. Leslie. « Selecting multiple web adverts : A contextual multi-armed bandit with state uncertainty ». Journal of the Operational Research Society 71, n^o 1 (20 février 2019) : 100–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01605682.2018.1546650.

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Avriel, Avital, Eiran Warner, Eliezer Avinoach, Lone S. Avnon, Michal Shteinberg, Dan Shteinberg, Dov Heimer, Shiri Yona et Nimrod Maimon. « Major respiratory adverse events after laparascopic gastric banding surgery for morbid obesity ». Respiratory Medicine 106, n^o 8 (août 2012) : 1192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2012.05.002.

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Burton, Paul R., Wendy Brown, Cheryl Laurie, Minjae Lee, Anna Korin, Margaret Anderson, Geoff Hebbard et Paul E. O’Brien. « Outcomes, Satiety, and Adverse Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms Following Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding ». Obesity Surgery 21, n^o 5 (9 février 2010) : 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-010-0073-7.

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Brown, S. Lori, Marie H. Reid et Hesha Jani Duggirala. « Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding Adverse Events Reported to the Food and Drug Administration ». Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 13, n^o 6 (2003) : 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.v13.i6.70.

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Worni, Mathias, Truls Østbye, Anand Shah, Elias Carvalho, Inge M. Schudel, Jin Hee Shin, Ricardo Pietrobon et Ulrich Guller. « High Risks for Adverse Outcomes After Gastric Bypass Surgery Following Failed Gastric Banding ». Annals of Surgery 257, n^o 2 (février 2013) : 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e3182683037.

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Park, Hyun-Kyung, Dong Soon Lee, Hye Ryun Lee, Han Ik Cho, Hyun Kyung Kim, Sung-Soo Yoon et Byoung Kook Kim. « Gain of 1q as a Potential Adverse Prognostic Marker in Myelodysplastic Syndrome : Comparison with International Prognostic Scoring System Variables ». Blood 112, n^o 11 (16 novembre 2008) : 3640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3640.3640.

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Abstract The gain of the 1q region, which is a recurrent chromosomal aberration in B lymphoproliferative disorder, has been reported one of the most common anomalies in Korean myelodysplastic patients. Recently, risk based application of hypomethylating agents or tailored therapy in MDS rely on the prognostic variables of International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS). To investigate the possibility of 1q gain as a new prognostic marker, we evaluated the prognostic impact of 1q gain, along with comparison with IPSS variables. A total of 117 patients with newly diagnosed MDS between 1997 and 2007 at the Seoul National University Hospital were investigated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies with 5 specific probe(EGR1 for 5q31 deletion, D7S522 for 7q31 deletion, CEP8, D20S108 for 20q12 deletion, LSI 1p36/1q25 for 1q gain) and conventional G-banding karyotyping were performed on bone marrow aspirates. Other laboratory findings, such as hemoglobin(Hb), absolute neutrophil count(ANC), platelet count, bone marrow blast percent and IPSS score, and clinical data were collected through the individual medical records. The median age was 54 years and the male-to-female ratio was 1.4. Using WHO classification, refractory anemia(RA) was 27.4% and the other subgroups as follows: RA with ringed sideroblast(RARS), 3.4%; refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia(RCMD), 8.5%; RCMD with ringed sideroblasts(RCMD-RS), 0.9%; RA with excess blasts-1(RAEB-1), 26.5%; RAEB-2, 31.6%; and 5q- syndrome, 1.7%. Cytogenetic abnormalities by FISH and G-banding were detected in 58 patients (49.6%). Most frequent anomaly was trisomy 8 occuring in 28 patients(23.9% of the 117 patients, 48.3% of the 58 patients with clonal cytogenetic abnormalities). Gain of 1q was the second common anomalies seen in 18 patients (15.4%) and other anomalies were −7/del7q (13.7%), −5/del5q (13.7%), and del20q (2.6%). G-banding showed gain of 1q in 7 cases, additional 11 patients with gain of 1q were revealed by FISH only. Patients with 1q gain showed a poor survival (median survival 23 months; n=18) compared to patients without 1q gain (median survival 60 months; p=0.02). EGR1 and D7S522 deletion by FISH also had a shorter median survival (8 months vs. 60 months p=0.0001, 16 months vs. 60 months p=0.005). The initial platelet count and blast count were found to affect overall survival, whereas CEP8 FISH, D20S108 FISH, Hb and ANC did not. Our results show that gain of 1q is associated with an adverse clinical outcome and can be considered as a poor cytogenetic risk factor of IPSS. In the Western study, the prevalence of 1q gain was low because most studies report G-banding result only. But it may be increased up to 2.5 fold higher by using FISH analysis in combination with G-banding. A gain of 1q could be a candidate as an adverse prognostic marker in clinical practice, which could help for risk-adapted therapies. Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier survival curve for chromosomal anomalies and IPSS. (A) gain of 1q. (B) −1/del(7q). (C) del(20q). Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier survival curve for chromosomal anomalies and IPSS. (A) gain of 1q. (B) −1/del(7q). (C) del(20q).

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Burton, Paul R., Geraldine J. Ooi, Cheryl Laurie, Margaret Anderson, Katrina Parker, Eldho Paul, Geoff Hebbard, Paul E. O’Brien et Wendy A. Brown. « Changes in Outcomes, Satiety and Adverse Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms Following Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding ». Obesity Surgery 27, n^o 5 (7 novembre 2016) : 1240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-016-2434-3.

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Hibberd, Suzannah, Alok Sharma et Marhamat Chavoshzadeh. « P046 Evaluating the safety of dose banding premedication (atropine, suxamethonium and fentanyl) for neonatal intubation (project NIK) ». Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, n^o 7 (19 juin 2019) : e2.51-e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-nppc.55.

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BackgroundThe process of prescribing and preparing premedication for intubation needs to be completed carefully to ensure the correct dose is prescribed and administered. Doses of atropine, suxamethonium and fentanyl were banded according to weight. The dose banding was implemented alongside pharmacy prepared neonatal intubation drug kits and a prescribing bundle on the neonatal electronic prescribing system, which automatically populates the doses according to the patient’s weight.AimTo evaluate the safety of dose banding neonatal premedication for intubation.MethodsA tool was developed to collect data including the patient’s weight, gestation, if dose banding had been used and whether any adverse effects were experienced with emphasis on hypotension, bradycardia, chest wall rigidity and prolonged paralysis. Data was collected from January 2018 to July 2018.ResultsOutcomes from 89 intubations using dose banding were reviewed. The corrected gestation of patients (n = 63) were 24+3 to 42+1 and the weight from 500 g to 4 kg. In 97.75% all three pre-medication drugs were given, the 2 cases that did not were due to rapid desaturations and the decision was made to intubate before all the medicines had been administered. All cases used the correct dose-banding for the medication. In all cases the fentanyl was administered over at least 1 minute with 7.87% receiving the fentanyl over more than 2 minutes. 95.5% of patients were normotensive within 30 minutes of intubation. Hypotension was observed in 2 cases >90 minutes post intubation. In two patients, a low mean blood pressure (BP) was observed prior to the decision to intubate and the premedication did not cause a further decrease in BP. No patients experienced bradycardia, chest wall rigidity or prolonged paralysis.ConclusionThis work has illustrated that dose-banding of intubation premedication is safe in this cohort of neonates and allows for successful intubation, whether the patient is 24 weeks or 42 weeks corrected gestational age. Chest wall rigidity may occur if fentanyl is administered too quickly. All patients received fentanyl over at least 1 minute, with the majority receiving over 1–2 minutes. The fentanyl dose is a very small volume, to ensure the dose was administered slowly, a flush was used to ensure that any remaining in the cannula was not bolused to the patient. Hypotension was seen in 2 patients >90 minutes after intubation which is unlikely to have been related to the use of neonatal intubation drugs. However this highlighted that not all patients are having BP monitoring 30 minutes post-intubation. An outcome has been to emphasise the need for this monitoring. Bradycardia and prolonged paralysis, two potentially prominent adverse effects, were not seen indicating that the atropine and suxamethonium doses were appropriate. A limitation of this study was that patients concurrent medication was not recorded. Data will continue to be collected to assess safety as this data set did not include babies in the <500 g banding. The next step will be to compare outcomes with patients that were intubated prior to the implementation of dose banding.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Bandits adverses"

Aubert, Julien. « Théorie de l'estimation pour les processus d'apprentissage ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025COAZ5001.

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Cette thèse examine le problème de l'estimation du processus d'apprentissage d'un individu au cours d'une tâche à partir des actions qu'il effectue. Cette question se situe à l'intersection de la cognition, des statistiques et de l'apprentissage par renforcement, et implique le développement de modèles qui capturent avec précision la dynamique de l'apprentissage, l'estimation des paramètres des modèles et la sélection du modèle le mieux adapté. L'une des principales difficultés réside dans le fait que l'apprentissage, par sa nature même, conduit à des données non indépendantes et non stationnaires, puisque l'individu ajuste son processus de décision en fonction du résultat de ses choix précédents. Les théories et méthodes statistiques existantes sont bien établies pour les données indépendantes et stationnaires, mais leur application à un cadre d'apprentissage introduit des défis inédits. L'enjeu de cette thèse est de développer une théorie statistique capable d'expliquer et de justifier les méthodes empiriques existantes. Je commence par explorer les propriétés de l'estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance sur un modèle d'apprentissage fondé sur un problème de bandit. Je présente ensuite des résultats théoriques généraux sur la sélection de modèles à partir d'un critère de log-vraisemblance pénalisée pour des données non stationnaires et dépendantes. Ces résultats nécessitent le développement d'une nouvelle inégalité de concentration pour des suprema de processus renormalisés. Je présente également une procédure de hold-out et des garanties théoriques pour cette procédure dans un cadre d'apprentissage. Ces résultats théoriques sont étayés par des applications sur des données synthétiques et sur des expériences cognitives réelles en psychologie et en éthologie
This thesis considers the problem of estimating the learning process of an individual during a task based on observed choices or actions of that individual. This question lies at the intersection of cognition, statistics, and reinforcement learning, and involves developing models that accurately capture the dynamics of learning, estimating model parameters, and selecting the best-fitting model. A key difficulty is that learning, by nature, leads to non-independent and non-stationary data, as the individual selects its actions depending on the outcome of its previous choices.Existing statistical theories and methods are well-established for independent and stationary data, but their application to a learning framework introduces significant challenges. This thesis seeks to bridge the gap between empirical methods and theoretical guarantees in computational modeling. I first explore the properties of maximum likelihood estimation on a model of learning based on a bandit problem. I then present general theoretical results on penalized log-likelihood model selection for non-stationary and dependent data, for which I develop a new concentration inequality for the suprema of renormalized processes. I also introduce a hold-out procedure and theoretical guarantees for it in a learning framework. These theoretical results are supported with applications on synthetic data and on real cognitive experiments in psychology and ethology

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Bandits adverses"

« Using Selection Procedures : Cutoff Scores, Banding, Ranking, and Weighting ». Dans Adverse Impact and Test Validation, 131–46. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315263298-17.

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Trovò ; Francesco, Paladino Stefano, Restelli Marcello et Gatti Nicola. « Budgeted Multi–Armed Bandit in Continuous Action Space ». Dans Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-560.

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Multi–Armed Bandits (MABs) have been widely considered in the last decade to model settings in which an agent wants to learn the action providing the highest expected reward among a fixed set of available actions during the operational life of a system. Classical techniques provide solutions that minimize the regret due to learning in settings where selecting an arm has no cost. Though, in many real world applications the learner has to pay some cost for pulling each arm and the learning process is constrained by a fixed budget B. This problem is addressed in the literature as the Budgeted MAB (BMAB). In this paper, for the first time, we study the problem of Budgeted Continuous–Armed Bandit (BCAB), where the set of the possible actions consists in a continuous set (e.g., a range of prices) and the learner suffers from a random reward and cost at each round. We provide a novel algorithm, named B–Zoom, which suffers a regret of, where d is the Zooming dimension of the problem. Finally, we provide an empirical analysis showing that, despite a lower average performance, the proposed approach is more robust to adverse settings as compared to existing algorithms designed for BMAB.

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Anderson, Raymond A. « Scaling and Banding ». Dans Credit Intelligence & ; Modelling, 771–94. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844194.003.0025.

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Next is to convert proxies and coefficients into points that can be tallied into a score, which is needed for communicating model outputs, and implementation. There are two parts. (1) Scaling—i) what it means, why it’s done, and desired qualities; ii) percentages—why not; iii) fixed ranges—specify highest and lowest values; iv) scaling parameters—use of a benchmark score and odds, and fixed points-to-double odds; v) other considerations—presentation to a non-technical audience, and adverse reason codes. (2) Banding—i) zero constraints—neither the number of groups or risk of each; ii) fitted distributions—to match a specified frequency distribution; iii) benchmarked—to given average risk levels {AAA, AA+, AA, … C}; iv) fixed-band boundaries—upper and lower limits for each grade. The last two options are appropriate for Master Rating Scales, which are recommended to ensure consistency of meaning and communication within an organization.

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Charles, Sara C., et Paul R. Frisch. « The Complaint : A Prelude to Litigation ». Dans Adverse Events, Stress, and Litigation, 81–97. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195171488.003.0007.

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Abstract Suddenly you’re under the kind of scrutiny you’ve never had. The kind you’ve given other people but that you’ve never really had yourself . . . And publicly . . . the words liar, cheat, fraud etc. begin to be bandied about. It was at that time that I realized for the first time how a doctor must feel. A doctor who has spent his time . . . up until the time of that particular suit . . . and now what they are saying is, that you’re a killer. It’s got to be devastating. A reporter (such as myself), what do we have? We have our credibility, we have our integrity and, all of a sudden you’re being called thief, cheat, liar, fraud. It goes to your gut. If you’re a doctor, it’s the center of your soul; it’s the center of your life. If you’re a doctor, you’re a healer and somebody is ac- cusing you, not of healing but of hurting.

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BEŞİRLİ, Gülay, Mehmet Cengiz ARSLANOĞLU et Erdinç OĞUR. « İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİNİN BİTKİ GENETİK KAYNAKLARI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ ». Dans BİYOÇEŞİTLİLİK, TARIM VE GIDA, 21–52. TÜRKİYE BİLİMLER AKADEMİSİ, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53478/tuba.978-625-6110-01-4.ch02.

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"The most important source of variation in breeding programs is biodiversity found in nature. A total of 144 Important Plant Areas (IPA) have been identified in Turkey, which is a miniature of the world in terms of its biodiversity richness. Based on international categories, these areas have three conservation priorities. These; These are very urgent (32), urgent (52) and vulnerable (60) areas. Every plant has certain climatic conditions in which it can grow. The health, productivity and productivity of plants that cannot reach these conditions are negatively affected, and when adverse conditions continue, their life is in danger. The effects of climate change, which has affected the world in recent years, affect the lives of all living things. Within the scope of this study, precipitation and temperature changes of very urgent areas between 1950 and 2099 were revealed and their possible effects on plant biodiversity were discussed, based on priority. NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 (NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Climate Projections) was used as the climate projections data set in the study. The bands in each image in the CMIP6 data set were obtained. The resolution of the images is 27830 meters. HadGEM3-GC31 model was used as a model. Model resolution on land surfaces is 0.25°. SSP245, the updated version of RCP4.5, was used as the scenario. Trend Analyzes were carried out in the Google Earth Engine environment with programs written in JavaScript language. Trend analyzes for each IPA point was performed with the Mann-Kendall method. In addition, the severity of trend tendencies was made with Sen’s Slope analysis."

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Weinshenker, Brian G. « Severe Monocular Vision Loss Followed by Gait Difficulty ». Dans Mayo Clinic Cases in Neuroimmunology, sous la direction de Andrew McKeon, B. Mark Keegan et W. Oliver Tobin, 35–38. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197583425.003.0011.

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A 56-year-old woman sought care for painless vision loss over 24 hours in the superior field of her right eye, which progressed to total vision loss. Intravenous corticosteroids were administered over 5 days, and she recovered well. Approximately 6 months later, paresthesias and sensory loss of her legs developed, which was sufficiently severe that she was unable to walk. She had severe impairment of vibration sense and lesser impairment of position sense, as well as proximal weakness of both legs. She recovered but had persistent burning dysesthesias of the legs. Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits at the onset of symptoms showed gadolinium enhancement extending from the middle of the orbit posteriorly, almost to the level of the optic chiasm. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine at the time of acute myelitis revealed a long spinal cord lesion extending from the lower cervical cord to the conus which was central and homogeneous on T2 images and exhibited patchy gadolinium enhancement. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed 37 leukocytes/µL with lymphocyte predominance and negative tests for oligoclonal bands. On serologic analysis, she was positive for aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The patient was diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G seropositive. The patient was started on rituximab treatment. After 2 years, she decided to discontinue treatment because she was concerned about potential adverse effects. Six months after discontinuing rituximab, severe weakness of her right leg developed, which improved with intravenous corticosteroids. Rituximab therapy was restarted, 2 doses of 1 g each, but she had 1 further episode of myelitis 2 weeks after receiving rituximab. Six months later, her visual acuity in the right eye was only counting fingers, and she had a flaccid paraplegia with areflexia of the lower extremities and total loss of sensory function below T4.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Bandits adverses"

Tan, Vincent Y. F., Prashanth L.A. et Krishna Jagannathan. « A Survey of Risk-Aware Multi-Armed Bandits ». Dans Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/784.

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In several applications such as clinical trials and financial portfolio optimization, the expected value (or the average reward) does not satisfactorily capture the merits of a drug or a portfolio. In such applications, risk plays a crucial role, and a risk-aware performance measure is preferable, so as to capture losses in the case of adverse events. This survey aims to consolidate and summarise the existing research on risk measures, specifically in the context of multi-armed bandits. We review various risk measures of interest, and comment on their properties. Next, we review existing concentration inequalities for various risk measures. Then, we proceed to defining risk-aware bandit problems, We consider algorithms for the regret minimization setting, where the exploration-exploitation tradeoff manifests, as well as the best arm identification setting, which is a pure exploration problem—both in the context of risk-sensitive measures. We conclude by commenting on persisting challenges and fertile areas for future research.

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Sagapuram, Dinakar, et Koushik Viswanathan. « Viscous Shear Banding in Cutting of Metals ». Dans ASME 2018 13th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2018-6697.

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Shear banding is a type of plastic flow instability with often adverse implications for cutting and deformation processing of metals. Here, we study the mechanics of plastic flow evolution within single shear bands in two different (Ti and Ni-based) alloy systems. The local shear band displacement profiles are quantitatively mapped at high resolution using a special micro-marker technique. The results show that shear bands, once nucleated, evolve by a universal viscous sliding mechanism that is independent of microstructural details. The evolution of local deformation around the band is accurately captured using a simple momentum diffusion model by assuming Bingham flow rheology for the band material. The predicted band viscosity is very small, comparable to those of liquid metals. A plausible explanation for this small viscosity and fluid-like behavior at the band, based on phonon drag, is presented.

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Kadambe, Shubha, et Ron Burns. « Encoded speech recognition accuracy improvement in adverse environments by enhancing formant spectral bands ». Dans 6th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2000). ISCA : ISCA, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2000-91.

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Duebener, L., C. Arenz, B. Bierbach, M. Vergnat, A. Ksellmann, M. Schneider et B. Asfour. « Does Bilateral Pulmonary Artery Banding in Norwood Patients Adversely Affect the Branch Pulmonary Artery Size ? An Outcome Comparison with Primary Norwood Patients ». Dans 48th Annual Meeting German Society for Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678782.

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Praisner, T. J., et C. R. Smith. « The Dynamics of the Horseshoe Vortex and Associated Endwall Heat Transfer : Part 2 — Time-Mean Results ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2005 : Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-69091.

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Time-mean endwall heat transfer and flow-field data in the endwall region are presented for a turbulent juncture flow formed with a symmetric bluff body. The experimental technique employed allowed the simultaneous recording of instantaneous particle image velocimetry flow field data, and thermochromic liquid-crystal-based endwall heat transfer data. The time-mean flow field on the symmetry plane is characterized by the presence of primary (horseshoe), secondary, tertiary, and corner vortices. On the symmetry plane the time-mean horseshoe vortex displays a bimodal vorticity distribution and a stable-focus streamline topology indicative of vortex stretching. Off the symmetry plane, the horseshoe vortex grows in scale, and ultimately experiences a bursting, or breakdown, upon experiencing an adverse pressure gradient. The time-mean endwall heat transfer is dominated by two bands of high heat transfer, which circumscribe the leading edge of the bluff body. The band of highest heat transfer occurs in the corner region of the juncture, reflecting a 350% increase over the impinging turbulent boundary layer. A secondary high heat-transfer band develops upstream of the primary band, reflecting a 250% heat transfer increase, and is characterized by high levels of fluctuating heat load. The mean upstream position of the horseshoe vortex is coincident with a region of relatively low heat transfer that separates the two bands of high heat transfer.

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Lucas, William C., et George F. Hessler. « The Reduction of Low Frequency Gas Turbine Exhaust Noise : A Case Study ». Dans ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-010.

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A well reported, industry-wide problem with simple cycle peaking gas turbines installed near residences is excessive low frequency airborne noise, sometimes termed “infrasound.” If the noise level is high enough, it can cause perceptible vibration of windows and frame buildings, and provoke an adverse response from the community. Such a situation recently occurred after construction of a four unit GT 11N1 peaking station. A team of specialists and outside consultants was formed to investigate the problem, and a development program found that a thick absorber could be effective against infrasound. This led to the design of a thick panel absorber which was installed at the rear of a 90 degree turn in the exhaust system. Field testing verified that the low frequency noise from the turbine exhaust was reduced by 5.9 and 6.7 dB in the 31.5 and 63 Hz octave bands respectively, and by 5.5 dB(C) overall.

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Emerson, Timothy, Alessio Lozzi, He Bai et James Manimala. « Dynamic Characterization and Control of a Metamaterials-Inspired Smart Composite ». Dans ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-7961.

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The potential to utilize metamaterials concepts to realize smart composites with adaptive mechanical wave manipulation, energy harvesting, and structural health monitoring functionalities was investigated. A proof-of-concept metamaterials-inspired smart composite having CFRP face sheets bonded to additively manufactured polymer cores equipped with harvesting coils and sandwiching a chemically-etched multifunctional plate was fabricated. This plate consists of a periodic array of re-entrant cantilever beam resonators with center-loaded neodymium magnets, which acts as the multifunctional kernel. Experiments demonstrate isolation of a payload from mechanical disturbances within tunable frequency bands. Moreover, energy sequestered by resonators is harvested as useable electrical power. Using a coupled electromechanical harvesting model, predictions for multifunctional responses were obtained and correlated with experiments. The harvesting circuitry doubles as an active control system for the resonators as well as a sensing and monitoring system to detect structural defects. Both offline and online active control algorithms were investigated to reduce phase shift between harvesting coils, thereby improving the efficacy of the harvesting process. Potential applications include use as structural material for equipment or vehicles used in adverse or remote environments, where maximizing energy recovery and structural awareness in addition to payload isolation is desirable.

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Ashraf, M., M. Z. Emad, M. Waqas et H. Moazzam. « Numerical Simulation of Toppling Failure in Sedimentary Rock Slope Cuts with Alternating Soft and Hard Bands ». Dans 58th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2024-0864.

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ABSTRACT: Rock slope stability is a major concern in mega engineering projects, and it has been a major focus of engineering geology for over three centuries. The toppling failure mode is considered as one of the most complex and challenging to stabilize. The complexity of slope failures increases with a combination of mechanisms and the presence of different geological units and structures. Numerical modeling is a powerful tool for analyzing and simulating rock slope stability. This paper aims to assess and propose stabilization methods for toppling failure and complex toppling failure, using numerical modeling software FLAC 2D. The paper introduces a technique for assessing toppling failure in alternating soft-hard rock bands during adverse conditions and proposes innovative stabilization methods based on simulation effects. The results suggest that numerical modeling software can effectively assess toppling failure, design support, and reinforcement methods, and help predict and reduce the risk of slope collapse in toppling zones through appropriate stabilization techniques. 1. INTRODUCTION The stability of rock slopes, as explained by Hoek (1981), is a critical aspect of numerous geotechnical engineering endeavors, owing to their susceptibility to failure triggered by diverse factors such as geological conditions (Wyllie and Mah, 2004), environmental forces, and material properties. Rock slope failures can result in severe consequences, encompassing loss of life, infrastructure damage, and economic disruption (Evans, 2006). For over three centuries, engineering geology has been truly involved in investigating slope stability, which delineates capacity of a slope to withstand internal and external forces without collapsing (Azarafza, 2021). This aspect remains a captivating and expansive domain, encompassing various manifestations of rock and soil failures, as expounded by Li (2022). Ensuring the safety of individuals and structures necessitates the deployment of dependable and precise methods for assessing rock slope stability. Understanding the prevailing failure mechanisms and delineating stable and unstable zones within a slope are pivotal prerequisites for accurate assessment (Mat, 2023). Hoek (1981) categorizes simplified failure modes into four types: plane, wedge, circular, and toppling.

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Caballina, Ophélie, William Chaze, Guillaume Castanet, Denis Maillet, Jean-François Pierson et Fabrice Lemoine. « Instantaneous heat transfers at the impact of a droplet onto a hot surface in the film boiling regime ». Dans ILASS2017 - 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4636.

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Heat and mass transfers at the impact of a droplet onto a hot solid surface are investigated experimentally. Millimetersizedwater droplets impinges onto a perfectly flat sapphire surface heated at 600°C. The temperature of the liquidinside the droplet is measured using the two-color laser-induced fluorescence (2cLIF) technique. Water is seededwith a temperature-sensitive fluorescent dye, while a nanosecond pulsed laser is used for the excitation of the fluorescence.The ratio of fluorescence signal detected in two appropriate spectral bands allows to determine the liquidtemperature. One advantage of this non-intrusive optical technique is that it eliminates adverse effects associatedwith signal variations caused by droplet shape during its impact. In parallel, the temperature of the solid surfaceis characterized using infrared thermography. The latter measurements are made possible by the deposition of ananosize coating of titanium aluminium nitride (TiAlN) on the upper surface of the sapphire window. Thanks to thehigh frame rate of the IR camera, the time evolution of the heat flux distribution at the solid surface can be reconstructed. A comparison of IR and 2cLIF techniques enable to correlate the heating of the liquid with the cooling ofthe wall. This reveals that most of the heat removed from the solid surface is devoted to the heating of the liquid,the energy used for liquid vaporization being significantly lower.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4636

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Silvério, Gabriel André, Renata Cristine Alves, Pedro Arthur Possan, Mateus Pinto Marchetti, Isabela Louise Weber, Vera Cristina Terra, Karen Luiza Ramos Socher, Nancy Watanabe et Carlos Cesar Conrado Caggiano. « Acute pregabalin cerebellar ataxia ». Dans XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.515.

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Female patient, 65-year-old, complaining of imbalance and difficulty walking for 15 days, associated with dizziness and diplopia, with worsening symptoms in the last four days. In recent use of pregabalin 75 mg daily to treat chronic pain, with dose increase in the last four days. On examination, he presented ataxic gait, drunken speech, pendular reflex, dysmetria and dysdiadochokinesia. We opted for the suspension of Pregabalin and complementary investigation for cerebellar ataxia with imaging examination, examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and laboratory tests. Magnetic resonance imaging showed mild microangiopathy with, no other findings. Normal CSF examination, including search for oligoclonal bands. The search for rheumatological antibodies, tumor markers and serologies was negative. After the suspension of Pregabalin, the patient showed progressive improvement, with total reversal of symptoms. Acute cerebellar ataxia is defined as a syndrome that occurs in less than 72 hours in previously healthy individuals. It is clinically characterized by loss of balance and coordination. A heterogeneous group of conditions can cause the syndrome, including toxic causes. Several drugs cause ataxia, depending on the dose and duration of exposure. Although uncommon, anticonvulsants cause movement disorders, including pregabalin. Most adverse effects of this class of drugs occur within the first two weeks, ranging from mild to moderate. Movement disorders are rare, but when found they usually appear as ataxia or tremor. Acute cerebellar ataxia comprises a spectrum of neurological disorders in which ataxia is the main symptom. The heterogeneity of the etiologies of cerebellar ataxia is wide and requires hospitalization and extensive laboratory investigation. Among the causes, even if rare, is the use of pregabalin, widely used in clinical practice to treat neuropathic pain.

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