Articles de revues : « Bandits adverses »

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Szurlej, Tatiana. « From Heroic Durga to the Next Victim of an Oppressive Patriarchal Indian Culture : Too Many Variants of Phoolan Devi’s Biography ». Cracow Indological Studies 20, n^o 2 (31 décembre 2018) : 257–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/cis.20.2018.02.12.

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Phoolan Devi (10.08.1963–25.07.2001), the famous Bandit Queen still appears in stories about famous Indian women. However, while in India, mainly among poor villagers, she is usually described as a heroic defender of the poorest, in the West Phoolan is seen primarily as another victim of Indian patriarchal culture. Moreover, although most of books about Phoolan are based on interviews with her, every version of her biography differs from one another, which raises the question whether these differences are the consequence of a conscious manipulation of a person who tries to justify certain dark aspects of her life, since the famous dacoit owes her fame to her bloody act of revenge on Thakurs in the Behmai village, which was the biggest crime committed by bandits in India until then. The most popular story about Phoolan’s life is the film Bandit Queen made in 1994 by Shekhar Kapur, based on the book India’s Bandit Queen. The True Story of Phoolan Devi by Mala Sen, who is also the author of the screenplay. The autobiography of Phoolan Devi, who tried to stop the release of the Bandit Queen, claiming that it shows a false story, was written in response to those two works. By constructing her image in the autobiography, Phoolan Devi tries to appear as a very strong woman who could achieve a lot, in spite of adverse conditions. Yet it is hard to resist the impression that the autobiography of Phoolan Devi, despite of its very realistic elements, is to some extent a false testimony. The question remains whether it was the publisher, who decided to construct the story this way to satisfy the tastes of the Western readers and respond to their needs, just like the movie of Shekhar Kapur, or maybe Phoolan, deliberately or unknowingly, presented herself as a victim in search of sympathy after the massacre in Behmai.

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Guo, Yushi. « Strategy Selection Using Multi-Armed Bandit Algorithms in Financial Markets ». Applied and Computational Engineering 83, n^o 1 (18 octobre 2024) : 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/83/2024glg0075.

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This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithms in choosing the optimal trading strategy among the sub optimal ones within financial markets. The research aims to addresses the challenge of adapting to dynamic market conditions. By introducing a Composite Trading Strategy that integrates trend-following, mean reversion, and momentum strategies, the study investigates whether increased trading frequency enhances the performance of profitability of various MAB algorithms, including UCB, Thompson Sampling, and epsilon-greedy. The experimental results indicate that while the introduction of complex strategies greatly improves returns in favorable market conditions, MAB algorithms still face limitations in adverse market environments. The findings highlight the potential of MAB algorithms in financial strategy selection and suggest directions for future research to enhance their adaptability in adverse markets.

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Edwards, James A., et David S. Leslie. « Selecting multiple web adverts : A contextual multi-armed bandit with state uncertainty ». Journal of the Operational Research Society 71, n^o 1 (20 février 2019) : 100–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01605682.2018.1546650.

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Avriel, Avital, Eiran Warner, Eliezer Avinoach, Lone S. Avnon, Michal Shteinberg, Dan Shteinberg, Dov Heimer, Shiri Yona et Nimrod Maimon. « Major respiratory adverse events after laparascopic gastric banding surgery for morbid obesity ». Respiratory Medicine 106, n^o 8 (août 2012) : 1192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2012.05.002.

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Burton, Paul R., Wendy Brown, Cheryl Laurie, Minjae Lee, Anna Korin, Margaret Anderson, Geoff Hebbard et Paul E. O’Brien. « Outcomes, Satiety, and Adverse Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms Following Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding ». Obesity Surgery 21, n^o 5 (9 février 2010) : 574–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-010-0073-7.

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Brown, S. Lori, Marie H. Reid et Hesha Jani Duggirala. « Adjustable Silicone Gastric Banding Adverse Events Reported to the Food and Drug Administration ». Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 13, n^o 6 (2003) : 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.v13.i6.70.

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Worni, Mathias, Truls Østbye, Anand Shah, Elias Carvalho, Inge M. Schudel, Jin Hee Shin, Ricardo Pietrobon et Ulrich Guller. « High Risks for Adverse Outcomes After Gastric Bypass Surgery Following Failed Gastric Banding ». Annals of Surgery 257, n^o 2 (février 2013) : 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e3182683037.

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Park, Hyun-Kyung, Dong Soon Lee, Hye Ryun Lee, Han Ik Cho, Hyun Kyung Kim, Sung-Soo Yoon et Byoung Kook Kim. « Gain of 1q as a Potential Adverse Prognostic Marker in Myelodysplastic Syndrome : Comparison with International Prognostic Scoring System Variables ». Blood 112, n^o 11 (16 novembre 2008) : 3640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3640.3640.

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Abstract The gain of the 1q region, which is a recurrent chromosomal aberration in B lymphoproliferative disorder, has been reported one of the most common anomalies in Korean myelodysplastic patients. Recently, risk based application of hypomethylating agents or tailored therapy in MDS rely on the prognostic variables of International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS). To investigate the possibility of 1q gain as a new prognostic marker, we evaluated the prognostic impact of 1q gain, along with comparison with IPSS variables. A total of 117 patients with newly diagnosed MDS between 1997 and 2007 at the Seoul National University Hospital were investigated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies with 5 specific probe(EGR1 for 5q31 deletion, D7S522 for 7q31 deletion, CEP8, D20S108 for 20q12 deletion, LSI 1p36/1q25 for 1q gain) and conventional G-banding karyotyping were performed on bone marrow aspirates. Other laboratory findings, such as hemoglobin(Hb), absolute neutrophil count(ANC), platelet count, bone marrow blast percent and IPSS score, and clinical data were collected through the individual medical records. The median age was 54 years and the male-to-female ratio was 1.4. Using WHO classification, refractory anemia(RA) was 27.4% and the other subgroups as follows: RA with ringed sideroblast(RARS), 3.4%; refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia(RCMD), 8.5%; RCMD with ringed sideroblasts(RCMD-RS), 0.9%; RA with excess blasts-1(RAEB-1), 26.5%; RAEB-2, 31.6%; and 5q- syndrome, 1.7%. Cytogenetic abnormalities by FISH and G-banding were detected in 58 patients (49.6%). Most frequent anomaly was trisomy 8 occuring in 28 patients(23.9% of the 117 patients, 48.3% of the 58 patients with clonal cytogenetic abnormalities). Gain of 1q was the second common anomalies seen in 18 patients (15.4%) and other anomalies were −7/del7q (13.7%), −5/del5q (13.7%), and del20q (2.6%). G-banding showed gain of 1q in 7 cases, additional 11 patients with gain of 1q were revealed by FISH only. Patients with 1q gain showed a poor survival (median survival 23 months; n=18) compared to patients without 1q gain (median survival 60 months; p=0.02). EGR1 and D7S522 deletion by FISH also had a shorter median survival (8 months vs. 60 months p=0.0001, 16 months vs. 60 months p=0.005). The initial platelet count and blast count were found to affect overall survival, whereas CEP8 FISH, D20S108 FISH, Hb and ANC did not. Our results show that gain of 1q is associated with an adverse clinical outcome and can be considered as a poor cytogenetic risk factor of IPSS. In the Western study, the prevalence of 1q gain was low because most studies report G-banding result only. But it may be increased up to 2.5 fold higher by using FISH analysis in combination with G-banding. A gain of 1q could be a candidate as an adverse prognostic marker in clinical practice, which could help for risk-adapted therapies. Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier survival curve for chromosomal anomalies and IPSS. (A) gain of 1q. (B) −1/del(7q). (C) del(20q). Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier survival curve for chromosomal anomalies and IPSS. (A) gain of 1q. (B) −1/del(7q). (C) del(20q).

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Burton, Paul R., Geraldine J. Ooi, Cheryl Laurie, Margaret Anderson, Katrina Parker, Eldho Paul, Geoff Hebbard, Paul E. O’Brien et Wendy A. Brown. « Changes in Outcomes, Satiety and Adverse Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms Following Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding ». Obesity Surgery 27, n^o 5 (7 novembre 2016) : 1240–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11695-016-2434-3.

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Hibberd, Suzannah, Alok Sharma et Marhamat Chavoshzadeh. « P046 Evaluating the safety of dose banding premedication (atropine, suxamethonium and fentanyl) for neonatal intubation (project NIK) ». Archives of Disease in Childhood 104, n^o 7 (19 juin 2019) : e2.51-e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2019-nppc.55.

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BackgroundThe process of prescribing and preparing premedication for intubation needs to be completed carefully to ensure the correct dose is prescribed and administered. Doses of atropine, suxamethonium and fentanyl were banded according to weight. The dose banding was implemented alongside pharmacy prepared neonatal intubation drug kits and a prescribing bundle on the neonatal electronic prescribing system, which automatically populates the doses according to the patient’s weight.AimTo evaluate the safety of dose banding neonatal premedication for intubation.MethodsA tool was developed to collect data including the patient’s weight, gestation, if dose banding had been used and whether any adverse effects were experienced with emphasis on hypotension, bradycardia, chest wall rigidity and prolonged paralysis. Data was collected from January 2018 to July 2018.ResultsOutcomes from 89 intubations using dose banding were reviewed. The corrected gestation of patients (n = 63) were 24+3 to 42+1 and the weight from 500 g to 4 kg. In 97.75% all three pre-medication drugs were given, the 2 cases that did not were due to rapid desaturations and the decision was made to intubate before all the medicines had been administered. All cases used the correct dose-banding for the medication. In all cases the fentanyl was administered over at least 1 minute with 7.87% receiving the fentanyl over more than 2 minutes. 95.5% of patients were normotensive within 30 minutes of intubation. Hypotension was observed in 2 cases >90 minutes post intubation. In two patients, a low mean blood pressure (BP) was observed prior to the decision to intubate and the premedication did not cause a further decrease in BP. No patients experienced bradycardia, chest wall rigidity or prolonged paralysis.ConclusionThis work has illustrated that dose-banding of intubation premedication is safe in this cohort of neonates and allows for successful intubation, whether the patient is 24 weeks or 42 weeks corrected gestational age. Chest wall rigidity may occur if fentanyl is administered too quickly. All patients received fentanyl over at least 1 minute, with the majority receiving over 1–2 minutes. The fentanyl dose is a very small volume, to ensure the dose was administered slowly, a flush was used to ensure that any remaining in the cannula was not bolused to the patient. Hypotension was seen in 2 patients >90 minutes after intubation which is unlikely to have been related to the use of neonatal intubation drugs. However this highlighted that not all patients are having BP monitoring 30 minutes post-intubation. An outcome has been to emphasise the need for this monitoring. Bradycardia and prolonged paralysis, two potentially prominent adverse effects, were not seen indicating that the atropine and suxamethonium doses were appropriate. A limitation of this study was that patients concurrent medication was not recorded. Data will continue to be collected to assess safety as this data set did not include babies in the <500 g banding. The next step will be to compare outcomes with patients that were intubated prior to the implementation of dose banding.

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Cho, Minyoung, Ha Jin Kim, Kyung-Nam Eoh, Bodri Son, Jung-Eun Kim, Gyu-Hee Chae, Sun Ho Lee, Jae Yong So et Nam-Chul Kim. « Alcohol Used Disorder Affect Poor Weight Loss and Increase Adverse Effects Following Laparoscopic Gastric Banding ». Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases 11, n^o 6 (novembre 2015) : S81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2015.08.105.

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Li, Haoyang. « Expanding the Horizon : Diverse Applications and Insights from Multi-Armed Bandit Algorithms ». Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 94 (26 avril 2024) : 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/74ws4250.

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In an era marked by the ever-increasing convergence of applications and algorithms, the imperative to maximize efficiency while mitigating the adverse effects of uncertainty has emerged as a critical objective for application developers. Despite this, a significant body of research on Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithms has predominantly focused on the comparative analysis of their performance, often overlooking their tangible impact on diverse applications. This study builds upon the data and findings of several preceding investigations that examine the application of MAB algorithms across various domains, including e-commerce, clinical trials, and dynamic pricing strategies. Our findings underscore the versatility and adaptability of MAB algorithms in enhancing the performance of applications across these varied fields. Notably, certain MAB algorithms demonstrate a higher suitability for specific scenarios compared to others. Consequently, this research posits that achieving an optimal balance between exploration and exploitation, and thereby maximizing rewards in uncertain environments, necessitates not just the application of MAB algorithms but also the strategic selection of the most effective algorithm tailored to each unique context. Overall, this study aims to showcase the wide-ranging applicability of MAB algorithms, offering a comprehensive exploration of their capabilities and impact across multiple sectors.

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Pokhrel, Shiva Raj, et Michel Mandjes. « Internet of Drones : Improving Multipath TCP over WiFi with Federated Multi-Armed Bandits for Limitless Connectivity ». Drones 7, n^o 1 (31 décembre 2022) : 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7010030.

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We consider multipath TCP (MPTCP) flows over the data networking dynamics of IEEE 802.11ay for drone surveillance of areas using high-definition video streaming. Mobility-induced handoffs are critical in IEEE 802.11ay (because of the smaller coverage of mmWaves), which adversely affects the performance of such data streaming flows. As a result of the enhanced 802.11ay network events and features (triggered by beamforming, channel bonding, MIMO, mobility-induced handoffs, channel sharing, retransmissions, etc.), the time taken for packets to travel end-to-end in 802.11ay are inherently time-varying. Several fundamental assumptions inherent in stochastic TCP models, including Poisson arrivals of packets, Gaussian process, and parameter certainty, are challenged by the improved data traffic dynamics over IEEE 802.11ay networks. The MPTCP model’s state estimation differs largely from the actual network values. We develop a new data-driven stochastic framework to address current deficiencies of MPTCP models and design a foundational architecture for intelligent multipath scheduling (at the transport layer) considering lower layer (hybrid) beamforming. At the heart of our cross-layer architecture is an intelligent learning agent for actuating and interfacing, which learns from experience optimal packet cloning, scheduling, aggregation, and beamforming using successful features of multi-armed bandits and federated learning. We demonstrate that the proposed framework can estimate and optimize jointly (explore–exploit) and is more practicable for designing the next generation of low-delay and robust MPTCP models.

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Mashal Amir, Ayesha Iqbal, Farooq Maqsood, Ujala Saif, Mahnoor Parvez et Tariq Ali Khan. « The effect of orthodontic banding on gingival health of first permanent molars. » Professional Medical Journal 30, n^o 04 (31 mars 2023) : 546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2023.30.04.7383.

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Objective: To determine the effect of orthodontic banding on gingival health of first permanent molars. Study Design: Quasi Experimental. Setting: Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar. Period: 15th December 2020 to 15th June 2021. Material & Methods: This study was conducted on 70 patients by non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Both genders, adult (age 18-40 years) needing orthodontic fixed treatment and having all first permanent molars were included. Patients with medications and medical conditions affecting gingival health and history of periodontal disease were excluded. The gingival health was assessed using gingival and plaque indices before and six months after banding of molars. Paired t test was used for comparing the gingival and plaque indices before and six months of treatment. Results: The mean age was 27±10.12 years. The males were 29(41.42%) and female were 41(58.58%). The mean gingival index score was 1.09±1.10 before banding and was 1.87±1.63 after six months and was statistically significant (p=0.001). Similarly the change in plaque index was very highly statistically significant (p<0.001). Both gingival (p=0.02) and plaque (p=0.04) indices were statistically significantly aggravated in those not brushing their teeth. Similarly the patients who are not using any sort of interdental aids had significantly increased plaque (p=0.01) and gingival (p=0.03) indices. Conclusion: Orthodontic banding can adversely affect the gingival health in patients receiving fixed appliance treatment. Lack of proper oral hygiene maintenance further aggravates poor gingival health.

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Jenner, Zachary B., Ryan T. Di Geronimo, Pilar Bayona Molano et Rex M. Pillai. « Splenic Artery Embolization for Nonocclusive Hepatic Artery Hypoperfusion ». Digestive Disease Interventions 04, n^o 01 (mars 2020) : 091–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702998.

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AbstractVarious minimally invasive, surgical, and laparoscopic interventions are performed for treatment and management of splenic artery steal syndrome in liver transplant and cirrhotic patients. Common approaches include splenic artery banding, ligation, stenting, and embolization to increase hepatic arterial flow. Splenic artery embolization has undergone further development to facilitate timely diagnosis, increase efficacy, decrease adverse outcomes, and improve patient selection. We review the current diagnostic modalities and technical advancements of splenic artery embolization to improve hepatic arterial perfusion in patients with splenic artery steal syndrome.

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Khara, Harshit, Gerald Shovlin, Amitpal Johal et David Diehl. « Endoscopic banding without resection (BWR) technique for treatment of diminutive neuroendocrine tumors in the duodenum ». Endoscopy International Open 07, n^o 02 (février 2019) : E302—E307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0684-9563.

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AbstractEndoscopic treatment of diminutive (less than 10 mm) duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is recommended because of the risk of metastatic potential. Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection are alternatives to surgical management but have significant adverse event rates. We evaluated the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of the ‘banding without resection’ (BWR) technique and assessed outcomes for the treatment of diminutive duodenal NETs. Our study included eight patients referred for endoscopic treatment of incidentally discovered, biopsy proven, diminutive duodenal bulb NETs. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in all patients showed duodenal bulb NETs located in the deep mucosa and submucosal layers without any nodal metastasis. The BWR technique was successfully performed in all patients with technical feasibility, with the assistance of submucosal saline lift in three patients when the lesion was smaller than 5 mm in size, without any immediate or delayed adverse events. Complete resection with no residual lesion was confirmed at short-term (median 2.3 months) and long-term (median 4.2 years) follow-up intervals by repeat endoscopy, biopsy, and EUS exam. The BWR technique appears to be a safe, feasible, and effective therapy for endoscopic treatment of diminutive duodenal bulb NETs in the absence of local and distant metastasis.

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Astashchenko, V. I., G. F. Mukhametzyanova et A. G. Shagiev. « Criteria for Evaluating the Manufacturability of Steels when Cutting with an Edge Tool ». Materials Science Forum 1052 (3 février 2022) : 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-rim7y5.

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Comprehensive metallographic studies of steel forgings with different machinability by cutting with an edge tool were also completed. Structural features and properties of steel were revealed, having adversely influence on tool life and the process of chip formation during cutting. Metal Science criteria have been given for assessing the manufacturability of steel at machining operations. Microstructures of steel with satisfactory and unsatisfactory machinability are presented. The technological parameters of heat treatment of steel 18HGR have been established, causing a show of banding of ferrite-pearlite structure. The thermokinetic diagram shows an area of development of the segregation banding structure. An important role in assessing the manufacturability of steels is shown of the microhardness of individual structural components and the difference in values between them. The best results in machinability by cutting are observed when the microhardness of pearlite is not more than 350 HV, ferrite is not more than 210 HV and the difference in microhardness between these components is not more than 80 HV.

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Broßell, Dirk, Sebastian Wolf, Nico Dziurowitz, Carmen Thim, Asmus Meyer-Plath, Sabine Plitzko, Martin Wiemann et al. « 150 The Innomat.Life Extended Fibre Human Risk Banding Scheme ». Annals of Work Exposures and Health 67, Supplement_1 (1 mai 2023) : i74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxac087.179.

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Abstract High aspect ratio materials (HARMs) like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) show material properties that enable innovative applications but also raise concerns about harmful effects to humans due to their asbestos-like pathogenicity. The fibre-pathological paradigm was established for asbestos and other HARM, linking fibre-specific adverse effects to certain material properties such as fibre length, respirability and bio-persistence. A new risk banding scheme for such hazard- and exposure-related properties is introduced. For each relevant property, we defined descriptors and developed/validated methods for their measurement. Based on results from studies conducted in the project or obtained from literature, we defined quantitative band limits. While the fibre-pathological paradigm acted as a starting point, observations of in vitro effect of nanofibers motivated us to incorporate additional properties. Studying macrophage-fibre interactions led us to highlight the importance of the flexural rigidity of fibres for their uptake by macrophages. Also, the bundling of thin constituent fibres was recognized as a mechanism possibly generating less flexible and, therefore, more harmful inhalable particles with high aspect ratio from harmless precursors. Transformation dynamics of fibres in fluids like the phagolysosomal medium were investigated as well to gain a better understanding about fibre bio-durability. Overall, the risk for humans exposed to HARMs is described by the risk banding scheme in which property bands relevant for the hazard potential were juxtaposed to the respective exposure potential. We present results for a selection of HARMs including multiple MWCNTs with varying properties, TiO2 fibres, SiC whiskers, as well as silver and copper nanowires.

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Boboev, Kodirzhon, Yuliana Assesorova, Kh Karimov et B. Allanazarova. « THE CASE VARIANT TRANSLOCATION T(3;9;22)(P24;Q34;Q11) IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA ». Problems in oncology 64, n^o 6 (1 juin 2018) : 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2018-64-6-810-814.

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This paper presents a case of chronic myeloid leukemia with an earlier unknown variant translocation t (3; 9; 22) (p24; q34; q11) detected by cytogenetic research using the GTG-banding technique. Despite the absence of the classical Philadelphia chromosome, the presence of chromosome 9 and 22 derivatives, as well as the BCR-ABL fusion gene, allow this translocation to be considered pathogenetic for CML. A good response of the patient to the treatment with glivec is that there is no adverse effect on the pathogenesis of the disease of an additional genetic locus (3p24) involved in complex restructuring.

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Meester, Scott, et Christopher Hogrefe. « Break up the band : Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding-associated Discitis and Osteomyelitis ». Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine 4, n^o 1 (21 janvier 2020) : 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5811/cpcem.2019.11.44879.

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Obesity is an epidemic that adversely affects millions of Americans. In 2017, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 93.3 million Americans suffer from obesity. Many individuals have undergone laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) procedures in order to lose weight. The procedure is thought to be safe with complication rates reported as low as 1.6% following surgery. We present a case of LAGB-associated discitis and osteomyelitis 20 years after placement and examine the current literature on the complication rates of bariatric surgery along with the rare injuries following LAGB placement.

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Bouayed Abdelmoula, N., B. Abdelmoula, A. Assel, E. Fadhlaoui et O. Kaabi. « Adverse psychological outcomes in Brugada syndrome : About a Tunisian familial pedigree from Sfax ». European Psychiatry 67, S1 (avril 2024) : S588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2024.1223.

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Introduction Patients with Brugada Syndrome (BS), a rare inherited cardiac channelopathy, with an increased risk of developing arrhythmias, syncope and sudden cardiac death, also present serious adverse psychological outcomes that require medical support to improve their health and well-being as well as those of their families.ObjectivesHere we report psychological concerns of a Tunisian patient who presented to our genetic counselling, with his three children, for molecular exploration of BS type 1.Methods Clinical, electrical, biological and psychological characteristics of the patient and his offspring were identified. Cytogenetic exploration using RHG banding and molecular screening of SCN5a gene mutations using High Resolution Melting and sequencing were carried out. Subsequently, genetic counselling was undertaken for all the family members and psychological concerns were reported.Results A 51-year-old married man with an academic career was born from a consanguineous couple, with a family history of sudden cardiac death. He was diagnosed with BS1 based on the pathognomonic ST-segment elevation in leads V1–V3, after experiencing palpitations and syncope. He was treated by implantable cardioverter defibrillator. The patient was also being treated for diabetes and dyslipidemia. His children, a girl and two boys, were investigated by ECG, which revealed no electrical disorders. However, both boys reported chest pain on exertion. The 18-year-old girl presented with primary amenorrhea and infantilism, along with a Turner syndrome formula. Molecular analysis revealed none of the targeted mutations in the SCN5a gene. Psychologically, the patient had a phobia of death and reported painful sensations of imminent death at each palpitation. He was anxious about the clinical outcome of his children. The children reported anxiety about their autosomal dominant fathers’ disorder.ConclusionsApproximately 16% of BS patients experience depression and anxiety. More attention needs to be indorsed to the psychological distress of BG patients and their families.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

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Cirakoglu, Ayse, Rahiye Dilhan Kuru, Sukriye Yilmaz, Ayhan Deviren, Seniz Ongoren, Fevzi Firat Yalniz, Dilek Keskin et al. « Cytogenetic profile of adult AML patients in Turkey : a single center study with comprehensive comparison with literature ». African Health Sciences 22, n^o 3 (27 octobre 2022) : 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v22i3.21.

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Background: Cytogenetic findings are important prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia. Large systematic data about chromosomal characteristics of Turkish AML patients have not been reported to date. Objectives: The karyotypic profiles of 157 adult AML patients were evaluated retrospectively and compared with other reports from different populations. Methods: Cytogenetics analyses were performed on bone marrow samples using G-banding. Patients were categorized according to their cytogenetic results into four groups with the addition of a normal karyotyped group to the favorable, intermediate and adverse groups of European Leukemia Network. Results: Cytogenetic analyses were carried out successfully in 138 patients (88%). Abnormal karyotypes were found in 79 (57.2%) patients of which 13 (9.4%) were in favorable, 37 (26.8%) in intermediate and 29 (21%) in adverse groups. t(8;21) (5%) was the most common favorable abnormality while monosomal karyotypes (15.9%) in adverse group. Conclusion: This single center study is the most comprehensive study about the cytogenetic profile of acute myeloid leukemia in Turkey with comparison of other population-based studies. While there were similarities and differences with different publications, our results did not show a marked tendency to the findings of any specific geographic region. Keywords: Acute myeloid leukemia; cytogenetics; chromosomal abnormalities; adult.

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Cohen, Allen C., Fanrong Zeng et Patrick Crittenden. « Adverse Effects of Raw Soybean Extract in Artificial Diet on Survival and Growth of Lygus hesperus Knight ». Journal of Entomological Science 40, n^o 4 (1 octobre 2005) : 390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-40.4.390.

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Bioassays were conducted to examine the effects of raw soybean extract in artificial diet on the development, survival, adult weight and biomass accumulation of Lygus hesperus Knight. The diet containing raw soybean extract significantly reduced survival of L. hesperus. Total biomass per rearing unit and survival from eggs to adults were significantly less for L. hesperus fed diet containing raw soybean extract than it was for those fed heat-treated extract, diet with extraction buffer but no extract, or control (standard) diet. Development period, weight of individual adults, and egg production were not significantly different among the four treatments. However, development time was greater for the L. hesperus exposed to raw soy extract, and egg production, as well as individual adult weights, were consistently lower than those fed on the other treatments. Raw and autoclaved soy extracts were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), revealing differences in protein banding patterns, including those from total protein and glycoprotein profiles. Activity of soy trypsin inhibitor (STI) also was measured in raw and heated samples, and it was determined that autoclaving greatly decreased the inhibition activity of this protein. The heat-based deactivation of STI, and the disappearance of most protein bands are most likely associated with the denaturation of proteins and formation of large aggregates that fail to migrate in an electrophoretic field.

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Kowdley, Kris V. « Motion – Prophylactic Banding of Esophageal Varices Is Useful : Arguments against the Motion ». Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 16, n^o 10 (2002) : 693–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/976072.

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Bleeding from esophageal varices leads to substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in pharmacological and endoscopic therapy, as well as general supportive care, the mortality rate associated with acute variceal hemorrhage has not improved significantly over the past two decades. Prophylactic therapy with nonselective beta-blockers or long acting nitrates reduces the incidence of variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis, is cost effective and may improve survival. Surgical portosystemic shunting reduces the risk of bleeding but is associated with significant operative mortality and a high risk of portosystemic encephalopathy. Endoscopic sclerotherapy causes adverse effects in a large proportion of patients and is, therefore, not suitable for primary prophylaxis of bleeding. Although variceal band ligation is effective in reducing the rate of bleeding and is safer than sclerotherapy, it has not been shown to provide a survival advantage compared with beta-blockers. A significant reduction in the rate of variceal bleeding with band ligation, compared with beta-blockers, was shown in only one study. Beta-blockers offer several advantages, including low cost, ease of use and safety. The available data do not yet support the prophylactic use of variceal band ligation, and this procedure should be reserved for patients who are either unwilling or unable to take beta-blockers. It is hoped that additional large, multicentre trials of band ligation versus beta-blockers will examine the efficacy, cost effectiveness and impact on quality of life among patients with cirrhosis.

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Hawa, Fadi, Zeyad Sako, Than Nguyen, Andrew T. Catanzaro, Eugene Zolotarevsky, Angela N. Bartley et Naresh T. Gunaratnam. « The band and slough technique is effective for management of diminutive type 1 gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors ». Endoscopy International Open 08, n^o 06 (25 mai 2020) : E717—E721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1119-6698.

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Abstract Background and study aims Endoscopic resection is recommended as initial treatment for early-stage gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (G-NETs and D-NETs). However, it can cause serious adverse events. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the band and slough (BAS) technique as a novel and less aggressive endoscopic therapy for management of such tumors.Four patients, three diagnosed with < 10-mm D-NET and one with 10-mm type I G-NET, were treated with the BAS technique without endoscopic resection. Initial follow-up endoscopy at 3 months was done to assess for residual tumor. Subsequent endoscopic surveillance was performed. After one session of banding, all patients achieved complete remission at 3-month follow-up. No tumor recurrence was detected on repeat biopsy at 12-month surveillance endoscopy. None of the patients developed any adverse events including bleeding or perforation.The BAS technique may prove to be a safe and effective endoscopic therapy for diminutive, non-metastatic type 1 G-NETs and D-NETs. Studies of larger scale and longer follow-up periods are needed to corroborate these findings.

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Osorno Avendaño, Daniela, María Camilia Paez Silva, Ana María Londoño Fonseca, Jose Antonio Vergara Torrente, Carolina Rodríguez Ocampo, Franklin Kevin Ruiz-Gutierrez et Yelson Picón. « Metabolic surgery in severely obese adolescents : which technique provides the best benefits ? » Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine 6, n^o 4 (2 octobre 2024) : 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53986/ibjm.2024.0023.

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Obesity is a public health and global health problem due to the disease burden it generates across all age groups, as well as being a pandemic due to its high prevalence worldwide. Bariatric surgery has traditionally been described as an aggressive option in the adolescent population. However, as the evolution of these patients over time and the improvement in health outcomes have been rigorously analyzed, it is positioned as an effective and safe intervention. Recently, novel high-quality evidence has emerged, sparking international scientific discourse on which techniques provide the most benefits and are safer in bariatric surgery for adolescents with severe obesity. Then, the aim of this review was to analyze the most recent clinical evidence, based on study designs, regarding clinical and surgical outcomes obtained by surgical techniques used during bariatric surgery in the management of severe obesity in adolescents. After the literature review, it was identified that surgical resolution for severe obesity in adolescents is effective and safe, with better benefits observed when using Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. There is a similar frequency of adverse events compared to sleeve gastrectomy and gastric banding. Micronutrient deficiency is the primary adverse event, which is potentially preventable and treatable.

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Brittain, Evan L., Megha Talati, Niki Fortune, Vineet Agrawal, David F. Meoli, James West et Anna R. Hemnes. « Adverse physiologic effects of Western diet on right ventricular structure and function : role of lipid accumulation and metabolic therapy ». Pulmonary Circulation 9, n^o 1 (19 novembre 2018) : 204589401881774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045894018817741.

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Little is known about the impact of metabolic syndrome (MS) on right ventricular (RV) structure and function. We hypothesized that mice fed a Western diet (WD) would develop RV lipid accumulation and impaired RV function, which would be ameliorated with metformin. Male C57/Bl6 mice were fed a WD or standard rodent diet (SD) for eight weeks. A subset of mice underwent pulmonary artery banding (PAB). Treated mice were given 2.5 g/kg metformin mixed in food. Invasive hemodynamics, histology, Western, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were performed using standard techniques. Lipid content was detected by Oil Red O staining. Mice fed a WD developed insulin resistance, RV hypertrophy, and higher RV systolic pressure compared with SD controls. Myocardial lipid accumulation was greater in the WD group and disproportionately affected the RV. These structural changes were associated with impaired RV diastolic function in WD mice. PAB-WD mice had greater RV hypertrophy, increased lipid deposition, and lower RV ejection fraction compared with PAB SD controls. Compared to untreated mice, metformin lowered HOMA-IR and prevented weight gain in mice fed a WD. Metformin reduced RV systolic pressure, prevented RV hypertrophy, and reduced RV lipid accumulation in both unstressed stressed conditions. RV diastolic function improved in WD mice treated with metformin. WD in mice leads to an elevation in pulmonary pressure, RV diastolic dysfunction, and disproportionate RV steatosis, which are exacerbated by PAB. Metformin prevents the deleterious effects of WD on RV function and myocardial steatosis in this model of the metabolic syndrome.

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Leeksma, Alexander C., Panagiotis Baliakas, Theodoros Moysiadis, Anna Puiggros, Karla Plevova, Anne-Marie Van der Kevie-Kersemaekers, Hidde Posthuma et al. « Genomic arrays identify high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia with genomic complexity : a multi-center study ». Haematologica 106, n^o 1 (23 janvier 2020) : 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2019.239947.

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Complex karyotype (CK) identified by chromosome-banding analysis (CBA) has shown prognostic value in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Genomic arrays offer high-resolution genome-wide detection of copy-number alterations (CNAs) and could therefore be well equipped to detect the presence of a CK. Current knowledge on genomic arrays in CLL is based on outcomes of single center studies, in which different cutoffs for CNA calling were used. To further determine the clinical utility of genomic arrays for CNA assessment in CLL diagnostics, we retrospectively analyzed 2293 arrays from 13 diagnostic laboratories according to established standards. CNAs were found outside regions captured by CLL FISH probes in 34% of patients, and several of them including gains of 8q, deletions of 9p and 18p (p<0.01) were linked to poor outcome after correction for multiple testing. Patients (n=972) could be divided in three distinct prognostic subgroups based on the number of CNAs. Only high genomic complexity (high-GC), defined as ≥5 CNAs emerged as an independent adverse prognosticator on multivariable analysis for time to first treatment (Hazard ratio: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.36-3.41; p=0.001) and overall survival (Hazard ratio: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.54-4.17; p<0.001; n=528). Lowering the size cutoff to 1 Mb in 647 patients did not significantly improve risk assessment. Genomic arrays detected more chromosomal abnormalities and performed at least as well in terms of risk stratification compared to simultaneous chromosome banding analysis as determined in 122 patients. Our findings highlight genomic array as an accurate tool for CLL risk stratification.

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Omura, Junichi, Karima Habbout, Tsukasa Shimauchi, Wen-Hui Wu, Sandra Breuils-Bonnet, Eve Tremblay, Sandra Martineau et al. « Identification of Long Noncoding RNA H19 as a New Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Right Ventricular Failure in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ». Circulation 142, n^o 15 (13 octobre 2020) : 1464–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.120.047626.

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Background: Right ventricular (RV) function is the major determinant for both functional capacity and survival in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite the recognized clinical importance of preserving RV function, the subcellular mechanisms that govern the transition from a compensated to a decompensated state remain poorly understood and as a consequence there are no clinically established treatments for RV failure and a paucity of clinically useful biomarkers. Accumulating evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs are powerful regulators of cardiac development and disease. Nonetheless, their implication in adverse RV remodeling in PAH is unknown. Methods: Expression of the long noncoding RNA H19 was assessed by quantitative PCR in plasma and RV from patients categorized as control RV, compensated RV or decompensated RV based on clinical history and cardiac index. The impact of H19 suppression using GapmeR was explored in 2 rat models mimicking RV failure, namely the monocrotaline and pulmonary artery banding. Echocardiographic, hemodynamic, histological, and biochemical analyses were conducted. In vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed in rat cardiomyocytes. Results: We demonstrated that H19 is upregulated in decompensated RV from PAH patients and correlates with RV hypertrophy and fibrosis. Similar findings were observed in monocrotaline and pulmonary artery banding rats. We found that silencing H19 limits pathological RV hypertrophy, fibrosis and capillary rarefaction, thus preserving RV function in monocrotaline and pulmonary artery banding rats without affecting pulmonary vascular remodeling. This cardioprotective effect was accompanied by E2F transcription factor 1-mediated upregulation of enhancer of zeste homolog 2. In vitro, knockdown of H19 suppressed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by phenylephrine, while its overexpression has the opposite effect. Finally, we demonstrated that circulating H19 levels in plasma discriminate PAH patients from controls, correlate with RV function and predict long-term survival in 2 independent idiopathic PAH cohorts. Moreover, H19 levels delineate subgroups of patients with differentiated prognosis when combined with the NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) levels or the risk score proposed by both REVEAL (Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management) and the 2015 European Pulmonary Hypertension Guidelines. Conclusions: Our findings identify H19 as a new therapeutic target to impede the development of maladaptive RV remodeling and a promising biomarker of PAH severity and prognosis.

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Chilaka, Francis Chigozie, Yonmo Doutimi et Joy Nwakaego Chigozie. « Ungoverned Spaces and the Challenges of Counterterrorism in West Africa Sub-Region ». Journal of Contemporary International Relations and Diplomacy 5, n^o 1 (15 août 2024) : 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53982/jcird.2024.0401.03-j.

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In recent times, terrorist groups; Islamic fundamentalists; separatist agitators; armed bandits and other criminal elements have begun harnessing the availability of ungoverned spaces in West African States. From such locations, they launch their horrific acts of terror aimed at destabilizing the corporate existence of these states and the overall peace and security of the sub-region. Porosity of border security, poverty and ungoverned spaces are linked as stimulants to terrorism in the West African sub-region. It is against this backdrop that this paper examined the issues and challenges of terrorism and counterterrorism in West Africa. The paper is anchored on the fragile state theory, which argues that terrorism oozing from ungoverned spaces and porosity of borders have adverse effects on the security of the region. The study relied essentially on secondary sources of documentary evidence through thorough literature review. Findings revealed that the region became volatile and easily susceptible to terrorist activities because the ungoverned spaces provided them unhindered operational bases. Therefore, the paper concluded and recommended that West African States should build a synergic security architecture in the form of independent inter-region police force recruited from member countries, and deployed to transnational borders to carry out routine border patrol in collaboration with national customs and immigration personnel. Sequel to aforementioned recommendation, governments of West African States, in collaboration with their National Security Advisers, are to provide intelligence information and report to the region’s inter-region police to enhance their security duties and ensure peace and orderliness in the sub-region.

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Patel, Jeetendra B., Maria L. Valencik, Allison M. Pritchett, John C. Burnett, John A. McDonald et Margaret M. Redfield. « Cardiac-specific attenuation of natriuretic peptide A receptor activity accentuates adverse cardiac remodeling and mortality in response to pressure overload ». American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 289, n^o 2 (août 2005) : H777—H784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00117.2005.

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Atrial (ANP) and brain (BNP) natriuretic peptides are hormones of myocardial cell origin. These hormones bind to the natriuretic peptide A receptor (NPRA) throughout the body, stimulating cGMP production and playing a key role in blood pressure control. Because NPRA receptors are present on cardiomyocytes, we hypothesized that natriuretic peptides may have direct autocrine or paracrine effects on cardiomyocytes or adjacent cardiac cells. Because both natriuretic peptides and NPRA gene expression are upregulated in states of pressure overload, we speculated that the effects of the natriuretic peptides on cardiac structure and function would be most apparent after pressure overload. To attenuate cardiomyocyte NPRA activity, transgenic mice with cardiac specific expression of a dominant-negative (DN-NPRA) mutation (HCAT D 893A) in the NPRA receptor were created. Cardiac structure and function were assessed (avertin anesthesia) in the absence and presence of pressure overload produced by suprarenal aortic banding. In the absence of pressure overload, basal and BNP-stimulated guanylyl cyclase activity assessed in cardiac membrane fractions was reduced. However, systolic blood pressure, myocardial cGMP, log plasma ANP levels, and ventricular structure and function were similar in wild-type (WT-NPRA) and DN-NPRA mice. In the presence of pressure overload, myocardial cGMP levels were reduced, and ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, filling pressures, and mortality were increased in DN-NPRA compared with WT-NPRA mice. In addition to their hormonal effects, endogenous natriuretic peptides exert physiologically relevant autocrine and paracrine effects via cardiomyocyte NPRA receptors to modulate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in response to pressure overload.

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Kido, Takashi, Melchior Burri, Benedikt Mayr, Martina Strbad, Julie Cleuziou, Alfred Hager, Jürgen Hörer et Masamichi Ono. « Impacts of stage 1 palliation and pre-Glenn pulmonary artery pressure on long-term outcomes after Fontan operation ». European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery 60, n^o 2 (25 mars 2021) : 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezab079.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES The present study was aiming to determine whether high mean pulmonary artery pressure before bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt is a risk factor for late adverse events in patients with low pulmonary artery pressure before total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients undergoing both bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt and TCPC with available cardiac catheterization data. RESULTS A total of 316 patients were included in this study. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to mean pulmonary pressure: those with pre-Glenn <16 mmHg and pre-Fontan <10 mmHg (Group LL, n = 124), those with pre-Glenn ≥16 mmHg and pre-Fontan <10 mmHg (Group HL, n = 61), those with pre-Glenn <16 mmHg and pre-Fontan ≥10 mmHg (Group LH, n = 66) and those with pre-Glenn ≥16 mmHg and pre-Fontan ≥10 mmHg (Group HH, n = 65). Group HL showed significantly higher rate of adverse events after TCPC than Group LL (P = 0.02). In univariate linear analysis, a history of atrial septectomy at stage 1 palliation was associated with low pre-Glenn mean pulmonary artery pressure (Coefficient B −1.38, 95% confidence interval −2.53 to −0.24; P = 0.02), while pulmonary artery banding was a significant risk factor for elevated pre-Fontan mean pulmonary artery pressure (Coefficient B 1.68, 95% confidence interval 0.81 to 2.56, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS High mean pulmonary artery pressure before bidirectional cavopulmoary shunt (≥16mmHg) remains a significant risk factor for adverse events after TCPC even though mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased below 10 mmHg before TCPC.

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Peneva, T. I., N. M. Martynenko et E. Yu Kudryavtseva. « Genetic structure analysis of leaf rust resistant triticale accessions from the VIR collection using gliadin patterns ». Plant Biotechnology and Breeding 2, n^o 2 (29 août 2019) : 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2019-2-6-13.

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The gliadin banding patterns of important accessions from the collection of the N. I. Vavilov All‑Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) registered in the form of “protein formulas” provide reliable information for the preparation of a “protein passport” for each accession and is convenient for storage and computer processing. It helps to control originality and integrity of accessions during regeneration and their use in breeding. The study involved 17 triticale accessions resistant to leaf rust. The analysis was carried out on single grains of the original accession (a sample of 13–26 kernels) according to the standard protocol adopted by VIR and approved by the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). The gliadin electrophoretic banding patterns of triticale accessions were registered in the form of “protein formulas”; polymorphism of each accession and genetic diversity within the collection were estimated, and genetic structure of accessions was identified based on the marker protein components. A large variety of the revealed genotypes opens a possibility to identify accessions that combine resistance with other useful traits. Stable and polymorphic accessions including from 2 to 7 biotypes were found. The discovery of interbiotype hybrids and recombinant genotypes in the composition of some polymorphic accessions indicates the instability of their genetic structure and the ongoing formation process. This is due to the heterogeneity of the original parental forms, the tendency to cross‑pollination and insufficiently thorough selection. The data on the triticale genotypic structure can be used in introgressive breeding to control the transfer of rye genetic material to wheat varieties in order to increase their immunity and resistance to adverse factors.

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Alkanani, Thamir, et Angus F. MacKenzie. « Banding urea and lignosulfonate in corn (Zea mays L.) production and 15N recovery ». Canadian Journal of Soil Science 76, n^o 3 (1 août 1996) : 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss96-044.

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The use of urea in corn (Zea mays L.) production is common. Under current N fertilizer recommendations for corn, urea may have adverse effects on corn growth when applied in a band. The effects of ammonium lignosulfonate (LS) on corn growth and on N uptake from the banded application of urea and diammonium phosphate (DAP) mixtures were investigated on two soils from eastern Quebec. Field experiments were initiated in the first week of May 1991 on an Ormstown silty clay and a Ste. Rosalie clay soils (fine, mixed, nonacid, mesic Typic Humaquepts). Treatments were two rates of urea (30 and 90 kg urea-N ha−1) in combination with DAP (14 kg N ha−1), with or without banded fertilizer solutions of LS (8 kg N ha−1) applied at planting 5 cm to the side and 3 cm below the seed. A no treatment control was included. The low rate of urea and DAP (no LS added) resulted in a 19 and 24% increase in grain yield at the Ste. Rosalie and Ormstown, respectively, when compared with the unfertilized plots. When compared with the unfertilized treatment, the high rate of urea and DAP (no LS added) caused 10% increase in grain yield. However, addition of LS to the high rate of urea and DAP increase grain yield by band 20%. In general, LS significantly increased corn N uptake from urea on both soils. Separate 15N field experiments were initiated in June 1991. Mean recovery of 15N in total dry matter (grain and stover) was 51.9% in Ormstown and 47.9% in Ste. Rosalie soil. Denitrification estimates, calculated as 15N not accounted for, were not affected by LS and the rate of banded urea-N. Immobilization of 15N ranged from 17.8% to 30.9% of the applied labelled urea. The rate of urea-N banded had no significant effect on immobilization, but LS resulted in significantly less 15N immobilized. These observations suggest that LS can reduce the biological immobilization of urea-N and increase the efficiency of urea fertilizer by reducing the negative effects of banding high levels of urea, while attaining benefits of band placement. Key words: Lignosulfonate, corn, urea, 15N

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Chan, San To, Stylianos Varchanis, Simon J. Haward et Amy Q. Shen. « Perspective on edge fracture ». Journal of Rheology 67, n^o 4 (1 juillet 2023) : 949–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/8.0000625.

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Edge fracture is a viscoelastic instability characterized by the sudden indentation of a fluid’s free surface when the fluid is subjected to a high enough shear rate. During shear rheometry, the fracture can invade the fluid sample, decreasing its contact area with the rheometer fixture and rendering the measurement of viscosity and normal stresses at high-shear rates invalid. Edge fracture can also induce apparent shear banding in the fluid, complicating the interpretation of experimental results. Over the past several decades, empirical and theoretical research has unraveled the physics underlying edge fracture. The knowledge obtained has allowed rheologists to develop techniques to minimize the adverse effect of fracture in their experiments. In recent years, edge fracture has also been used to break up viscoelastic liquid bridges quickly and cleanly, showing its potential to be adapted to the design of functional dispensing nozzles. This Perspective article aims to give a historical overview of edge fracture and suggests research directions to develop methods for suppressing or harnessing the phenomenon to benefit applications of both fundamental and technological importance.

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Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, Edi Prifti, Eugeni Belda, Farid Ichou, Brandon D. Kayser, Maria Carlota Dao, Eric O. Verger et al. « Major microbiota dysbiosis in severe obesity : fate after bariatric surgery ». Gut 68, n^o 1 (13 juin 2018) : 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316103.

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ObjectivesDecreased gut microbial gene richness (MGR) and compositional changes are associated with adverse metabolism in overweight or moderate obesity, but lack characterisation in severe obesity. Bariatric surgery (BS) improves metabolism and inflammation in severe obesity and is associated with gut microbiota modifications. Here, we characterised severe obesity-associated dysbiosis (ie, MGR, microbiota composition and functional characteristics) and assessed whether BS would rescue these changes.DesignSixty-one severely obese subjects, candidates for adjustable gastric banding (AGB, n=20) or Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB, n=41), were enrolled. Twenty-four subjects were followed at 1, 3 and 12 months post-BS. Gut microbiota and serum metabolome were analysed using shotgun metagenomics and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Confirmation groups were included.ResultsLow gene richness (LGC) was present in 75% of patients and correlated with increased trunk-fat mass and comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, hypertension and severity). Seventy-eight metagenomic species were altered with LGC, among which 50% were associated with adverse body composition and metabolic phenotypes. Nine serum metabolites (including glutarate, 3-methoxyphenylacetic acid and L-histidine) and functional modules containing protein families involved in their metabolism were strongly associated with low MGR. BS increased MGR 1 year postsurgery, but most RYGB patients remained with low MGR 1 year post-BS, despite greater metabolic improvement than AGB patients.ConclusionsWe identified major gut microbiota alterations in severe obesity, which include decreased MGR and related functional pathways linked with metabolic deteriorations. The lack of full rescue post-BS calls for additional strategies to improve the gut microbiota ecosystem and microbiome–host interactions in severe obesity.Trial registration numberNCT01454232.

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Puri, Nishant, Alexander Hallac et Wichit Srikureja. « Early experience with cap-assisted endoscopic pancreatic necrosectomy : A technique to enhance safe tissue extraction and decrease interventions ». Endoscopy International Open 07, n^o 07 (juillet 2019) : E912—E915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0918-5772.

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Abstract Background and study aim Endoscopic treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) has been established as an alternative to operative intervention for well selected patients for many years. Patients and methods A retrospective database of patients who underwent cap-assisted endoscopic necrosectomy of symptomatic or infected WOPN using the assistance of a sterilized banding cap was constructed. All procedures were performed at a single center between January 2017 and June 2018. Results Eight patients met the inclusion criteria for this study. Contrast computed tomography scan was obtained between the initial percutaneous or trans-gastric access and initial necrosectomy. The WOPN had a median length of 9.5 cm (range 3.2 – 14) and width of 5.3 cm (range 2.8 – 11.6). Median duration of endoscopic debridement was 69 minutes (range 21 – 105). Four of six patients underwent a second debridement with a median duration of 95 minutes (range 16 – 108). No periprocedural adverse events occurred. Follow-up was at 6 months, and there were no additional endoscopic or percutaneous interventions for recurrent pancreatic fluid collections. Conclusion The technique of cap-assisted necrosectomy can allow for safe and efficient method of endoscopically treating WOPN.

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Dholi, Pankaj, Pratibha Khatiwada, Bikas Basnet et Sagar Bhandari. « An Extensive Review of Strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) Diseases and Integrated Management Approaches : Current Understanding and Future Directions ». Fundamental and Applied Agriculture 8, n^o 4 (2023) : 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/faa.136385.

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Strawberry production has increased by more than double in the past two decades. Meanwhile, it is also susceptible to various diseases which have become a limiting factor in its yield increment. Indiscriminate use of chemicals in the management of diseases has brought several adverse effects to the environment and human health. Thus, this review aims to present the different diseases of strawberries including their epidemiology, disease cycle, and symptoms. Moreover, the focus has been given to Integrated Management. More than ten dozen of literature including journal articles, books, websites, and organizational reports were thoroughly reviewed to get the related information. Botrytis grey mold rot, anthracnose, strawberry leaf spot, powdery mildew, and red stele are the major fungal diseases whereas angular leaf spot is the serious bacterial disease of strawberries. It is severely infected by viruses such as strawberry mottle virus and crinkling and vein banding virus. In addition to this nematode causes ring spots, root-knot, and root lesions on strawberries. Integrated disease management approaches should be adopted for effective and sustainable management. It may include cultural methods, physical methods, use of bio-control agents, botanical fungicides, and at last chemicals if the disease is severe.

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Mao, Yifei. « The investigation related to the influence of dimension manipulation on regret performance based on the upper confidence bound algorithm ». Applied and Computational Engineering 34, n^o 1 (22 janvier 2024) : 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/34/20230337.

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This paper aims to investigate the effects of dimension manipulation on the performance of a recommendation algorithm applied to a dataset of restaurant reviews. In this paper, the Zomato dataset which contains restaurant reviews and other relevant information in Bangalore City was used. This paper extracted ratings that each user gave for each restaurant from the list of user feedback for each restaurant. These different ratings were stored as a core feature that was used for the restaurant recommendation algorithm to estimate the true mean rating of each restaurant. Upper Confidence Bound bandit algorithm was used as the restaurant recommendation algorithm to find the restaurant with the highest average rating in the dataset. Dimension raising and dimension reduction were used as ways to manipulate dimension in this paper. Principal Component Analysis was used as the technique to reduce feature dimension in the dataset. It reduced features into two principal components and the first principal component was used in place of the original core feature. Dimension raising was implemented based on the original core feature and another feature that correlated with it the most. The product of these two features was used in place of the original core feature. The experimental results suggest that dimension manipulation leads to decreased regret performance when employing the Upper Confidence Bound algorithm for recommendation. Intriguingly, within the realm of dimension manipulation, dimension reduction exhibited a more adverse impact on regret performance compared to dimension raising.

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Okolie, Ugo Chuks, et Mevayerore Daniel Igbini. « Leadership Failure and Acute Youth Unemployment in Nigeria ». RUDN Journal of Public Administration 7, n^o 3 (15 décembre 2020) : 254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8313-2020-7-3-254-271.

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The history of Nigeria is tainted with the absence of good moral and ethical values in the conduct of the ruling elites; this has adversely affected economic growth and development. Continued poverty reinforced by acute youth unemployment is a barrier to Nigerias quest for consolidating her democracy. A society of beggars, parasites and bandits cannot develop. Youth unemployment has been and is still a major problem in Nigeria. The statistics is staggering despite the political clamours against unemployment. The root of this problem originated in the visionless, selfish, mediocre, tribalistic and opportunistic small money-minded people masquerading as leaders who have continued to regenerate Nigerian political landscape over time. It is against this backdrop that this study examines the relationship between leadership failure and acute youth unemployment in Nigeria. A cross-sectional method was adopted and data was collected via a survey of three hundred (300) respondents in south-south geopolitical zone of Nigeria using non-probability sampling technique. Data collected were analyzed using correlation and linear regression analysis with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21. The results of the study revealed that there is significant relationship between leadership failure and acute youth unemployment. As predicted, the study also showed that leadership failure exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on acute youth unemployment in Nigeria. On the basis of these findings, the study recommends among others that the government at all levels should empower the jobless youths through genuine empowerment schemes that would equip them to be self-employed and employer of labor, revamped agricultural development schemes to create job opportunities for the unemployed youths roaming about on the Nigeria streets and the actualization of youth empowerment would be impossible if the war against corruption is not intensified.

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Omar Thaher, Jamal Driouch, Martin Hukauf et Christine Stroh. « Safety and short-term outcomes of sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass following removal of adjustable gastric banding ». World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 10, n^o 3 (30 juin 2021) : 358–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.10.3.0293.

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Background: The practice of bariatric surgery was studied using the German Bariatric Surgery Registry (GBSR). The focus of the study was to evaluate whether revision sleeve gastrectomy (R-SG) or Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (R-RYGB) has a major benefit in terms of perioperative risk in patients after failed Adjustable Gastric Banding (AGB). Methods: The data collection includes patients who underwent SG or RYGB as revision surgery after failed AGB between 2005 and 2019. Outcome criteria were perioperative complications, comorbidities, 30-day mortality, and operative time. Results: The study analyzed data from 1395 patients after revision SG and RYGB. 907 patients after R-RYGB, and 488 after R-SG. Intraoperative and overall postoperative complication rates were not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.321 and 0.621). The specific postoperative complication rate was significantly lower in R-SG than in R-RYGB (p=0.049). The mean operative time differed significantly between the two groups in favor of R-SG (160.3 min vs. 128.3 min; p<0.001). There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between the two groups (p=0.952). Conclusion: The study shows that R-SG and R-RYGB are safe and feasible as revision procedures and have acceptable complication and mortality rates. However, in our study, we cannot make a recommendation in favor of any of the surgical methods. Proper patient selection is essential to avoid possible adverse effects. Concerning the long-term results, further studies with higher methodological quality are necessary.

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Sharma, V., D. Sharma, A. Stearns et J. Hernon. « The use of topical anaesthetic in the banding of internal haemorrhoids : a feasibility study for a randomised control trial ». Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 104, n^o 4 (avril 2022) : 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2021.0163.

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Introduction Rubber band ligation (RBL) is a procedure commonly performed in colorectal clinics for internal haemorrhoids. Overall, 90% of patients experience pain following RBL. We aimed to complete a feasibility randomised control trial assessing the role of topical anaesthetic before RBL of internal haemorrhoids. Methods We performed a prospective, single-centre, single blinded, randomised (1:1) control feasibility trial. Patients presenting with symptomatic haemorrhoids suitable for banding were randomised to undergo the procedure with local anaesthetic or without (control). Pain scores and vasovagal symptoms were assessed at 0 minutes, 30 minutes, 4 hours and 72 hours after the procedure. Primary outcome measures were recruitment rate, participant retention rate and patient and surgeon acceptability. Secondary outcome measures were pain scores up to 72 hours, vasovagal episodes, new use of analgesia and adverse outcomes. Results In total, 35 patients (18 topical anaesthetic, group A; 17 no anaesthetic gel, group B) were recruited. Mean recruitment rate was 11.7 participants per month. Thirty-three (94%) participants remained in the study until completion, with two patients lost to telephone follow-up. The treatment was acceptable for 35 (97%) eligible patients. One patient declined enrolment. The treatment was acceptable to all surgeons (100%). There was a significant difference in median pain scores of −2 (95% CI −4.0 to −1.0, p=0.0006) at the 30-minute time point only. There was no significant difference in vasovagal symptoms (p=0.10) or new analgesia use (p=0.85). Conclusion We have shown that a phase III clinical trial is feasible for assessing the role of topical anaesthetic before RBL of internal haemorrhoids. We have demonstrated excellent patient recruitment and retention as well as patient and surgeon acceptability.

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Buss, Sebastian J., Johannes H. Riffel, Pratima Malekar, Marco Hagenmueller, Christina Asel, Min Zhang, Celine Weiss, Hugo A. Katus et Stefan E. Hardt. « Chronic Akt blockade aggravates pathological hypertrophy and inhibits physiological hypertrophy ». American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 302, n^o 2 (janvier 2012) : H420—H430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00211.2011.

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The attenuation of adverse myocardial remodeling and pathological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is one of the hallmarks for improving the prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). The protein kinase Akt plays a central role in regulating cardiac hypertrophy, but the in vivo effects of chronic pharmacological inhibition of Akt are unknown. We investigated the effect of chronic Akt blockade with deguelin on the development of pathological [MI and aortic banding (AB)] and physiological (controlled treadmill running) hypertrophy. Primary cardiomyocyte cultures were incubated with 10 μmol deguelin for 48 h, and Wistar rats were treated orally with deguelin (4.0 mg·kg−1·day−1) for 4 wk starting 1 day after the induction of MI or AB. Exercise-trained animals received deguelin for 4 wk during the training period. In vitro, we observed reduced phosphorylation of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β after an incubation with deguelin, whereas MAPK signaling was not significantly affected. In vivo, treatment with deguelin led to attenuated phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β 4 wk after MI. These animals showed significantly increased heart weights and impaired LV function with increased end-diastolic diameters (12.0 ± 0.3 vs. 11.1 ± 0.3 mm, P < 0.05), end-diastolic volumes (439 ± 8 vs. 388 ± 18 μl, P < 0.05), and cardiomyocyte sizes (+20%, P < 0.05) compared with MI animals receiving vehicle treatment. Furthermore, activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II in deguelin-treated MI animals was increased compared with the vehicle-treated group. Four wk after AB, we observed an augmentation of pathological hypertrophy in the deguelin-treated group with a significant increase in heart weights and cardiomyocyte sizes (>20%, P < 0.05). In contrast, the development of physiological hypertrophy was inhibited by deguelin treatment in exercise-trained animals. In conclusion, chronic Akt blockade with deguelin aggravates adverse myocardial remodeling and antagonizes physiological hypertrophy.

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Guo, Yingying, Dan Li, Xian-feng Cen, Hong-liang Qiu, Yu-lan Ma, Yi Liu, Si-hui Huang, Li-bo Liu, Man Xu et Qi-Zhu Tang. « Diosmetin Protects against Cardiac Hypertrophy via p62/Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway ». Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (22 février 2022) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8367997.

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An important pathophysiological consequence of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy is adverse cardiac remodeling, including structural changes in cardiomyocytes and extracellular matrix. Diosmetin (DIO), a monomethoxyflavone isolated from citrus fruits, had antioxidative stress effects in multiple organs. The purpose of this study was to examine the biological effect of diosmetin on pathological cardiac hypertrophy. In mice, diosmetin treatment reduced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in an aortic banding- (AB-) induced pressure overload model and reducing myocardial oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant gene expression. In vitro, diosmetin (10 or 50 μm, 12 h or 24 h) protected PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, diosmetin inhibited autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. In particular, diosmetin induced the accumulation of p62 and its interaction with Keap1, promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and increased the expression of antioxidant stress genes in the process of cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, knockdown of p62 in rat primary cardiomyocytes abrogate the protective effect of diosmetin on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Similarly, the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 obviously abolished the above effects by diosmetin treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that diosmetin protects cardiac hypertrophy under pressure overload through the p62/Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting the potential of diosmetin as a novel therapy for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

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Sydykov, Akylbek, Himal Luitel, Argen Mamazhakypov, Malgorzata Wygrecka, Kabita Pradhan, Oleg Pak, Aleksandar Petrovic et al. « Genetic Deficiency and Pharmacological Stabilization of Mast Cells Ameliorate Pressure Overload-Induced Maladaptive Right Ventricular Remodeling in Mice ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, n^o 23 (30 novembre 2020) : 9099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239099.

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Although the response of the right ventricle (RV) to the increased afterload is an important determinant of the patient outcome, very little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Mast cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of left ventricular maladaptive remodeling and failure. However, the role of mast cells in RV remodeling remains unexplored. We subjected mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-KitW/W-v (KitW/KitW-v) mice and their mast cell-sufficient littermate controls (MC+/+) to pulmonary artery banding (PAB). PAB led to RV dilatation, extensive myocardial fibrosis, and RV dysfunction in MC+/+ mice. In PAB KitW/KitW-v mice, RV remodeling was characterized by minimal RV chamber dilatation and preserved RV function. We further administered to C57Bl/6J mice either placebo or cromolyn treatment starting from day 1 or 7 days after PAB surgery to test whether mast cells stabilizing drugs can prevent or reverse maladaptive RV remodeling. Both preventive and therapeutic cromolyn applications significantly attenuated RV dilatation and improved RV function. Our study establishes a previously undescribed role of mast cells in pressure overload-induced adverse RV remodeling. Mast cells may thus represent an interesting target for the development of a new therapeutic approach directed specifically at the heart.

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Mishima, Katsuaki, Mami Shiraishi et Hirotsugu Umeda. « Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Accompanied by 13q- Syndrome with Deficiencies of FVII and FX : A Case Report ». Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 43, n^o 4 (1 janvier 2019) : 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-43.4.11.

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The 13q deletion syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by structural and functional monosomy of chromosome 13. On 13q34, which is the terminal of the long arm, causative genes of coagulation factors VII and X (FVII and FX) are mapped. Patients with a combination of FVII and FX deficiencies are extremely rare and there have been few articles about perioperative coagulation support for such patients. Herein, we report on a case of bilateral cleft lip and palate accompanied by 13q deletion syndrome with deficiencies of FVII and FX. The chromosomal investigation indicated 46, XX, del(13)(q33) by G-banding. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were found to be 21.0 seconds (sec) (prothrombin time–international normalized ratio 1.76) and 41.6 sec (normal range; 23.9 – 39.7 sec), respectively. The activities of coagulation FVII and FX were 22% and 36%, respectively. A two-stage cheiloplasty was performed at 4 and 7 months of age followed by a palatoplasty at 1 year and 6 months. Tranexamic acid was given intravenously three times a day for three days after each surgery. There were no adverse events such as bleeding from the oral or nasal cavities and healing of the surgical wound was good without dehiscence.

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Basrur, P. K., L. E. L. Pinheiro, N. A. Berepubo, E. R. Reyes et P. C. Popescu. « X chromosome inactivation in X autosome translocation carrier cows ». Genome 35, n^o 4 (1 août 1992) : 667–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g92-101.

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The pattern of X chromosome inactivation in X autosome translocation carriers in a herd of Limousin–Jersey crossbred cattle was studied using the reverse banding technique consisting of 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and acridine orange staining and autoradiography on cultures of solid tissues and blood samples exposed to tritiated thymidine. The late-replicating X chromosome was noted to be the normal X in strikingly high proportions of cells in cultures of different tissues from all translocation carriers. It is suggested that the predominance of cells in which the normal X is inactivated may be the result of a postinactivation selection process. Such a selection process during the prenatal life favouring cells in which the genes of the normal X chromosome remain unexpressed in translocation carrier females may be the mechanism that helps these conceptuses escape the adverse effects of functional aneuploidy. Based on the observation that the translocation carriers of this line of cattle are exclusively females and that there is a higher than expected rate of pregnancy loss, it is also postulated that the altered X chromosome may be lethal to all male conceptuses and to some of their female counterparts.Key words: X inactivation, X autosome translocation, bovine chromosomes, familial translocation.

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Jimenez-Vicente, Carlos, Paola Charry, Maria Suarez-Lledo, Beatriz Merchán Muñoz, Sandra Castaño-Díez, Amanda Isabel Perez-Valencia, Alexandra Martínez-Roca et al. « Validation of ELN 2022 Risk Classification in Patients Diagnosed with AML Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ». Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28 novembre 2023) : 4230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-185484.

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Background: In 2022, the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) updated their guidelines (Döhner H et al., Blood 2022) for risk allocation of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) based on essential genetic features at diagnosis as defined in the newest classifications (Arber D et al., Blood 2022, Khoury JD et al., Leukemia 2022). Methods: Retrospective analysis of the 147 consecutive patients diagnosed with AML and available genetic information who underwent alloHCT in a complete morphological response (CR) between 2011 and 2021 in a single institution (HCB). Data was collected retrospectively and updated in July 2023. G-banding karyotype, FISH, qualitative and quantitative PCR and targeted Next Generation Sequencing were assessed at diagnosis to classify patients according to ELN 2022 risk classification. Our primary goal was to validate the ELN 2022 risk classification in patients undergoing alloHCT analyzing overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives were analyzing leukemia-free survival (LFS), 24-month cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) and in the different molecular subgroups within the ELN2022 risk groups. Results: The main patient, disease-related and transplant characteristics are displayed in Figure 1. Overall, the median age was 52 years (range 18-70), 53.7% of the patients males, with 88% of the patients undergoing alloHCT in CR1. Twenty-two patients could not be classified through NGS assessment between 2011 and 2016 and included in the intermediate risk category due to normal karyotype and wildtype recurrent abnormalities measured by PCR. Patients in the adverse-risk group were older (p <0.001) and underwent alloHCT less often with undetectable measurable residual disease (p = 0.006). Moreover, patients in the favorable or intermediate risk group underwent alloHCT more often in CR2 or CR3 (p = 0.02). In addition, alloHCT characteristics were similar for all the patients included. With a 67-month median follow-up for LFS (95CI: 55-76), the median OS and LFS in patients classified into the favorable and intermediate risk groups were not reached (5-year OS and LFS rate in favorable risk group: 81% (95CI: 73-89) and 72% (95CI: 63-81). 5-year OS and LFS rate in intermediate risk group: 62% (95CI: 56-68) and 64% (95CI: 58-70). Patients included in the adverse risk group had an OS and LFS of 23.7 months (15.3-NR, p <0.001 between intermediate and adverse risk. Figure 1B) and 15.2 months (5.79-NR, p=0.015) respectively, with a significant lower 5-year OS rate (40%, 95CI: 34-46), LFS rate (38%, 95CI: 32-44) and a higher CIR (18% in the favorable risk group (95%CI: 11-26) vs. 20% in the intermediate risk group (95%CI: 18-23) vs. 40% in the adverse risk group (95%CI: 38-44), p = 0.024). Based on these results, a subanalysis was conducted in the patients classified into the adverse group. Those patients diagnosed with complex karyotype, inv(3), t(3;3), del(17p) and/or TP53 mutated were reassessed into a new risk category group called: Adverse-Plus (AdvP).No different baseline characteristics between the AdvP patients and the other subgroups were found. AdvP patients presented a shorter OS (NR in the rest of subgroups vs. 8.73 months in AdvP, p < 0.001 for AdvP vs. adverse risk. Figure 1C), LFS (NR in the rest of subgroups vs. 5.2 months, p < 0.001), and a higher CIR (62.5% in the AdvP group, p <0.001 between adverse risk and AdvP). Interestingly, using this four-group classification including AdvP, the other risk groups presented similar OS, LFS, and CIR without statistical differences in between them Summary/Conclussion: ELN2022 risk classification discriminates properly accurate in patients undergoing alloHCT. Reclassifying AML adverse risk patients diagnosed with complex karyotype, inv(3), t(3;3), del(17p) and/or TP53 mutated in a different subgroup should be considered due to a much worse prognosis after alloHCT, although it remains mandatory in first complete response.

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Malinverni, Andréa C. M., Mileny E. Colovati, Ana B. A. Perez, Thamy P. Caneloi, Hélio R. Oliveira Jr., Nadezda Kosyakova, Thomas Liehr, Ahmed B. Hamid et Maria I. Melaragno. « Unusual Duplication in the Pericentromeric Region of Chromosome 9 in a Patient with Phenotypic Alterations ». Cytogenetic and Genome Research 150, n^o 2 (2016) : 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000453574.

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Several alterations involving the pericentromeric region of chromosome 9 are considered as normal population variants. These heterochromatic variants or heteromorphisms can include 9qh+, 9cen+, 9ph+, 9ph-, inv(9)(p11q13), and other patterns which can only be defined by FISH studies. However, some heteromorphisms have been found more frequently in patients with several clinical disorders. Here, we report on a patient with intellectual disability, language and neurodevelopmental delay, as well as facial dysmorphism and an unusual chromosome 9. While the banding karyotype was indicative of a simple pericentric inversion of one chromosome 9 [46,XX,inv(9)(p12q13)], array comparative genomic hybridization showed a 6-Mb duplication, including 22 genes: arr[hg19] 9p13.1p11.2(38,869,901- 44,870,714)×3 dn. Molecular cytogenetics using a panel of probes specific for the pericentromeric region of chromosome 9 showed an unusual, rearranged chromosome 9, der(9)(pter→p11.2::q21.11→q12::p11.2→p13.2::q12→p11.2::q21.11→qter), that has not been described before. The patient's phenotypic alterations are probably due to the de novo 6-Mb 9p duplication, although a review of similar cases showed some reports considering this duplication in the euchromatic region as a benign variant. Interestingly, this is the first report of a possible adverse inversion loop formation due to a known heteromorphic pericentric inversion present in the phenotypically normal father of the patient.

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Vida, Vladimiro L., Annalisa Angelini, Simonetta Ausoni, Alessandra Bilardi, Carlo Ori, Francesca Vlassich, Valentina Zoso et al. « Age is a risk factor for maladaptive changes in rats exposed to increased pressure loading of the right ventricular myocardium ». Cardiology in the Young 17, n^o 2 (23 mars 2007) : 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951107000376.

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Objective: To study the adaptive potential of the right ventricular myocardium after 30 days of mechanical-induced overload in rats from two different age groups. Materials and methods: We banded the pulmonary trunk, so as to increase the systolic work load of the right ventricle, in 19 adult Sprague-Dawley rats at the age of 10 weeks, and 16 weanlings when they were 3 weeks-old, using 10 adults and 10 weanlings as controls. We analysed the functional adaptation and structural changes of the right ventricular myocardium, blood vessels and interstitial tissue after 30 days of increased afterload. Results: The increased workload induced an increase of the right ventricular weight and free wall thickness in animals from both age groups when compared to controls. These changes were mostly related to cardiomyocytic hypertrophy, as confirmed by the expression of myocardial hypertrophic markers, without any apparent increase of their number, a “reactive” fibrosis especially evident in the adult rats, with p-value less than 0.0001, and a more extensive neocapillary network in the weanlings compared to the adults aubsequent to banding, the p-value being less than 0.0001. Conclusion: In response to right ventricular afterload, weanlings showed a higher adaptive capillary growth, which hampered the development of fibrosis as seen in the adult rats. Age seems to be a risk factor for adverse structural-functional changes of right ventricle subjected to increased workload.

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