Articles de revues : « Behavioural dynamics »

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Lorimer, Tom, Rachel Goodridge, Antonia K. Bock, Vitul Agarwal, Erik Saberski, George Sugihara et Scott A. Rifkin. « Tracking changes in behavioural dynamics using prediction error ». PLOS ONE 16, n^o 5 (12 mai 2021) : e0251053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251053.

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Automated analysis of video can now generate extensive time series of pose and motion in freely-moving organisms. This requires new quantitative tools to characterise behavioural dynamics. For the model roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, body pose can be accurately quantified from video as coordinates in a single low-dimensional space. We focus on this well-established case as an illustrative example and propose a method to reveal subtle variations in behaviour at high time resolution. Our data-driven method, based on empirical dynamic modeling, quantifies behavioural change as prediction error with respect to a time-delay-embedded ‘attractor’ of behavioural dynamics. Because this attractor is constructed from a user-specified reference data set, the approach can be tailored to specific behaviours of interest at the individual or group level. We validate the approach by detecting small changes in the movement dynamics of C. elegans at the initiation and completion of delta turns. We then examine an escape response initiated by an aversive stimulus and find that the method can track return to baseline behaviour in individual worms and reveal variations in the escape response between worms. We suggest that this general approach—defining dynamic behaviours using reference attractors and quantifying dynamic changes using prediction error—may be of broad interest and relevance to behavioural researchers working with video-derived time series.

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Amoroso, Caroline R., et Janis Antonovics. « Evolution of behavioural resistance in host–pathogen systems ». Biology Letters 16, n^o 9 (septembre 2020) : 20200508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0508.

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Behavioural resistance to parasites is widespread in animals, yet little is known about the evolutionary dynamics that have shaped these strategies. We show that theory developed for the evolution of physiological parasite resistance can only be applied to behavioural resistance under limited circumstances. We find that accounting explicitly for the behavioural processes, including the detectability of infected individuals, leads to novel dynamics that are strongly dependent on the nature of the costs and benefits of social interactions. As with physiological resistance, evolutionary dynamics of behavioural resistance can also lead to mixed strategies that balance these costs and benefits.

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Silk, M. J., S. Carrignon, R. A. Bentley et N. H. Fefferman. « Improving pandemic mitigation policies across communities through coupled dynamics of risk perception and infection ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 288, n^o 1955 (21 juillet 2021) : 20210834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0834.

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Capturing the coupled dynamics between individual behavioural decisions that affect disease transmission and the epidemiology of outbreaks is critical to pandemic mitigation strategy. We develop a multiplex network approach to model how adherence to health-protective behaviours that impact COVID-19 spread are shaped by perceived risks and resulting community norms. We focus on three synergistic dynamics governing individual behavioural choices: (i) social construction of concern, (ii) awareness of disease incidence, and (iii) reassurance by lack of disease. We show why policies enacted early or broadly can cause communities to become reassured and therefore unwilling to maintain or adopt actions. Public health policies for which success relies on collective action should therefore exploit the behaviourally receptive phase ; the period between the generation of sufficient concern to foster adoption of novel actions and the relaxation of adherence driven by reassurance fostered by avoidance of negative outcomes over time.

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Bro-Jørgensen, Jakob, Daniel W. Franks et Kristine Meise. « Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities : application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation ». Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 374, n^o 1781 (29 juillet 2019) : 20190008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0008.

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The impact of environmental change on the reproduction and survival of wildlife is often behaviourally mediated, placing behavioural ecology in a central position to quantify population- and community-level consequences of anthropogenic threats to biodiversity. This theme issue demonstrates how recent conceptual and methodological advances in the discipline are applied to inform conservation. The issue highlights how the focus in behavioural ecology on understanding variation in behaviour between individuals, rather than just measuring the population mean, is critical to explaining demographic stochasticity and thereby reducing fuzziness of population models. The contributions also show the importance of knowing the mechanisms by which behaviour is achieved, i.e. the role of learning, reasoning and instincts, in order to understand how behaviours change in human-modified environments, where their function is less likely to be adaptive. More recent work has thus abandoned the ‘adaptationist’ paradigm of early behavioural ecology and increasingly measures evolutionary processes directly by quantifying selection gradients and phenotypic plasticity. To support quantitative predictions at the population and community levels, a rich arsenal of modelling techniques has developed, and interdisciplinary approaches show promising prospects for predicting the effectiveness of alternative management options, with the social sciences, movement ecology and epidemiology particularly pertinent. The theme issue furthermore explores the relevance of behaviour for global threat assessment, and practical advice is given as to how behavioural ecologists can augment their conservation impact by carefully selecting and promoting their study systems, and increasing their engagement with local communities, natural resource managers and policy-makers. Its aim to uncover the nuts and bolts of how natural systems work positions behavioural ecology squarely in the heart of conservation biology, where its perspective offers an all-important complement to more descriptive ‘big-picture’ approaches to priority setting. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.

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Musthofa, Wakhid. « The Psychological Dynamics of Child with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) ». Nusantara Journal of Behavioral and Social Sciences 1, n^o 1 (5 février 2022) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.47679/20221.

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Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is one of the often disorders that occur in children. However, malicious and hostile behaviour in children many people called it a child's delinquency. This study aims to describe the psychological dynamics of children with ODD disorders. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. The researcher used psychological assessment to collect research data through observation, interviews, and psychological tests on research subjects. The study results are psychological dynamics that cause the emergence of maladaptive behaviours in children with ODD. The results describe four behavioural domains, namely cognitive, emotional, social, and behavioural domains, as the analysis of children behaviour with ODD. By understanding the psychological dynamics of children with behavioural disorders, it is possible to establish a diagnosis, prognosis, and intervention focus given to children with ODD behavioural disorders.

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Parker, David W., et Katie A. Russell. « Performance management : outsourcing and behavioural dynamics ». International Journal of Business Performance Management 7, n^o 3 (2005) : 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbpm.2005.006721.

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Smith, Susan J. « Home Price Dynamics : a Behavioural Economy ? » Housing, Theory and Society 28, n^o 3 (septembre 2011) : 236–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2011.599179.

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Wessa, M., C. Perlini et P. Brambilla. « Neuropsychological underpinnings of the dynamics of bipolar disorder ». Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 24, n^o 6 (9 mars 2015) : 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796015000098.

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Although we have gained enormous insights into neurobiological and psychological underpinnings of bipolar disorder (BD) symptoms, our knowledge concerning pathogenic mechanisms initiating recurrent affective episodes is still fragmentary. Previous research has highlighted the role of significant life events and social rhythm in recurrent episodes of mania and depression. However, most studies share the drawback of retrospective self-report data, which are prone to recall biases and limited introspective abilities. Therefore, more objective data, such as neuropsychological and neurobiological measures are needed to further unravel the pathogenic mechanisms of the dynamics of bipolar disorder. Previous research has highlighted disturbed emotional reactivity as well as impaired emotion regulation and impulse control as major behavioural characteristics of BD and aberrancies in prefrontal–limbic–striatal networks that have been proposed to be the correlates of these behavioural alterations. However, longitudinal studies assessing these neural and behavioural alterations are rare. Future research should therefore adopt prospective study designs including behavioural and neuroimaging measures underlying cognitive, emotional and motivational deficits in bipolar disorder. Particularly, these measures should be collected continuously at multiple time points as implemented in modern ambulatory assessment tools.

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Caro, Tim, et Joel Berger. « Can behavioural ecologists help establish protected areas ? » Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 374, n^o 1781 (29 juillet 2019) : 20180062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0062.

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Protecting wild places is conservation's most pressing task given rapid contemporary declines in biodiversity and massive land use changes. We suggest that behavioural ecology has a valuable, albeit limited, role to play in this agenda. Behaviourally based empiricism and modelling, especially of animal movements and habitat preferences have enjoyed wide applicability in delineating reserve boundaries. In protected areas that sanction exploitation, it may also be important to understand individuals' behavioural and life-history responses to management decisions. We also argue, however, that the in-depth studies of behavioural ecologists may have an important role in conservation by elevating species’ status from mundane to charismatic and often sparking public empathy, and their mere presence in field generates local (or broader) intrigue. More generally behavioural ecologists will only be listened to, and their contributions considered of conservation importance, if they become more involved in decision-making processes as witnessed by several prominent examples that have supported the establishment of protected areas. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.

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House, Thomas. « Modelling behavioural contagion ». Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, n^o 59 (16 février 2011) : 909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0014.

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The last decade has seen much work on quantitative understanding of human behaviour, with online social interaction offering the possibility of more precise measurement of behavioural phenomena than was previously possible. A parsimonious model is proposed that incorporates several observed features of behavioural contagion not seen in existing epidemic model schemes, leading to metastable behavioural dynamics.

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Panfilova, I. E., et N. E. Karpova. « Investigate the impact of user’s state on the quality of authentication by keystroke dynamic ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2182, n^o 1 (1 mars 2022) : 012097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2182/1/012097.

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Abstract One of the most important issues in the field of information security has been and remains the issue a reliable user’s authentication. A special place among the possible authentication methods today is occupied by behavioural biometrics, which have a high degree of reliability. A keystroke dynamic, as a type of behavioural biometrics, is also capable of providing a high level of protection of information systems in the case of correctly selected characteristics. This article shows that external factors, including the psychophysiological state of a person, can also influence the authentication process by keystroke dynamics. In the paper, the state of the user was assessed in the process of collecting a sample of keystroke dynamics and a conclusion was made about the presence of such an influence.

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Auping, Willem L., Erik Pruyt et Jan H. Kwakkel. « Dealing with Multiple Models in System Dynamics ». International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 3, n^o 4 (octobre 2014) : 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2014100102.

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This paper introduces an approach to compare simulation runs from multiple System Dynamics simulation models. Three dynamic hypotheses regarding the uncertain evolutions of long-term copper availability are introduced and used to illustrate the new approach. They correspond to three different perspectives on the copper system (global top-down, global bottom-up, and regional top-down). Although each of these models allows to generate a wealth of behavioural patterns, the focus in this paper is on the differences in trajectories caused by different models for identical values of shared parameters and identical settings of other assumptions, not on differences in behavioural patterns caused by each of the models. Hence, differences in trajectories between the three models are identified, quantified, and classified based on a quantified measure of difference. For these models, small differences between the trajectories are only found in stable runs, while the alternative perspectives are largely responsible for medium to large differences. Hence, it is concluded that multiple dynamic hypotheses may have to be modelled when dealing with uncertain issues.

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Jager, Wander. « The complexity of the food transition : a social simulation perspective ». Socio-Environmental Systems Modelling 6 (10 décembre 2024) : 18592. https://doi.org/10.18174/sesmo.18592.

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This paper first discusses the complexity of a transition in the food system, taking the stance of a system-of-systems approach where cascading effects can happen. A complexity perspective is taken in explaining transitional dynamics and their limited predictability. Following that, we focus on the social and behavioural dimensions of transitions. Here we zoom in on human needs as fundamental drivers, explaining how tensions between different needs may lay at the root of individual and social tipping points. Agent based modelling is explained as a methodology to simulate these social and behavioural dynamics, offering a tool to address the human factor into modelling the food system-of-systems. It is discussed that such agent-based models should integrate different behavioural drivers and processes to be capable of modelling transitional dynamics.

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Mathews, Jose. « Entrepreneurial Process : A Personalistic-Cognitive Platform Model ». Vikalpa : The Journal for Decision Makers 33, n^o 3 (juillet 2008) : 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920080302.

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Entrepreneurship theories and research deal with a variety of behavioural and non-behavioural processes and issues that explain the nature of entrepreneurship in different ways. The advances made in entrepreneurship research now centre on entrepreneurial cognitions, entrepreneurial personality, and motivation even though the other areas of research are not without significance, considering the importance of the field. The personalistic-cognitive platform model proposed accounts for the composite dynamics of the entrepreneurial behaviour that focus on the behavioural dynamics of the entrepreneur. The superimposition of the behavioural processes on the economic/social attributes of the environment gives rise to a platform of personality and cognition that overarches itself to the generalization, prediction, and dynamics of entrepreneurship. The platform is constructed based on the �bricks and mortars� of entrepreneurial syndrome, entrepreneurial motivational dynamics, environmental scanning, decisional processes, and cognitive mediation circumscribed in the entrepreneurial mental model. Entrepreneurial syndrome is formed by the cluster of an array of entrepreneurial traits of venture significance. The syndrome gets manifested as a stable dynamic formation of personality that seeks new ventures and produces goods and services of economic value. Entrepreneurial motivational dynamics unravels the nature of entrepreneurial drive that has push and pull forces that direct the person to different economic realms. The performance motivation of the person is characterized by goal setting, expectancy, and selfefficacy motivation. Together they explain the motivational dynamics of entrepreneurial behaviour that aims to derive something of lasting value. Scanning the environment enables the entrepreneur to distill the trends and the significant attributes that will lay the base of his entire business ventures. The scanned attributes are transformed in the person. As the decisional activity involves the identification of a specific alternative, the complexity that surrounds the selection of an alternative has special place in the entrepreneurial context. In the highly uncertain and novel situation, an entrepreneur is to take causal or effectual decisions. The cognitive mediational activity exemplified in the entrepreneur�s mental model transforms the environmental complexity into useable forms of entrepreneurial outcomes. The cognitive strategies of differing natures help the entrepreneur in bringing about entrepreneurial ventures that are ultimately the products of entrepreneurial cognitions and related personal variables.

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Giulietti, F., et G. Mengali. « Dynamics and control of different aircraft formation structures ». Aeronautical Journal 108, n^o 1081 (mars 2004) : 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000151565.

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Abstract The problem of aircraft formation dynamics and control is investigated from the viewpoint of formation architecture. Three different formation structures, leader-wingman, virtual leader and behavioural approaches are introduced. A comparative study is made using a unified approach through a suitable control law. The formation systems are analyzed on a quantitative basis and objective results are made available for the designer. The trade-off between system performance and complexity is indicated. A complete nonlinear simulation involving a flight-path change and a heading change manoeuvre is discussed. Results show the superiority of a behavioural approach to maintain close formations of vehicles.

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Sreedevi, Kotala. « Dopamine Dynamics in Dermatology and Behavioural Science ». Journal of Addiction Science 6, n^o 2 (2020) : 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17756/jas.2020-047.

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Binns, Michael R. « Behavioural Dynamics and the Negative Binomial Distribution ». Oikos 47, n^o 3 (novembre 1986) : 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3565443.

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Salas, Silvia, et Daniel Gaertner. « The behavioural dynamics of fishers : management implications ». Fish and Fisheries 5, n^o 2 (juin 2004) : 153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2004.00146.x.

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Colucci, Domenico, et Vincenzo Valori. « Asset Price Dynamics When Behavioural Heterogeneity Varies ». Computational Economics 32, n^o 1-2 (22 avril 2008) : 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10614-008-9129-3.

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Bouvet, Cécile J. « Auditory-motor entrainment : behavioural and cerebral dynamics ». Journal and proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 154, n^o 1 (juin 2021) : 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.361967.

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Kleshnina, Maria, Sabrina S. Streipert, Jerzy A. Filar et Krishnendu Chatterjee. « Mistakes can stabilise the dynamics of rock-paper-scissors games ». PLOS Computational Biology 17, n^o 4 (12 avril 2021) : e1008523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008523.

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A game of rock-paper-scissors is an interesting example of an interaction where none of the pure strategies strictly dominates all others, leading to a cyclic pattern. In this work, we consider an unstable version of rock-paper-scissors dynamics and allow individuals to make behavioural mistakes during the strategy execution. We show that such an assumption can break a cyclic relationship leading to a stable equilibrium emerging with only one strategy surviving. We consider two cases: completely random mistakes when individuals have no bias towards any strategy and a general form of mistakes. Then, we determine conditions for a strategy to dominate all other strategies. However, given that individuals who adopt a dominating strategy are still prone to behavioural mistakes in the observed behaviour, we may still observe extinct strategies. That is, behavioural mistakes in strategy execution stabilise evolutionary dynamics leading to an evolutionary stable and, potentially, mixed co-existence equilibrium.

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Goyal, Meghna, et Ajay Kumar Kansal. « AN ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOURAL FINANCE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON INVESTMENT DECISION ». INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH IN COMMERCE, MANAGEMENT & ; SOCIAL SCIENCE 07, n^o 03(I) (30 septembre 2024) : 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.62823/ijarcmss/7.3(i).6832.

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This research delves into the fascinating realm of Behavioural Finance, exploring its significant influence on investment decision-making among residents in India's National Capital Region (NCR). By drawing on insights from relevant studies, this work seeks to uncover the intricate link between human behaviour and financial decision-making within this demographic. The study begins by examining the unique financial behaviours of investors in the region, aiming to identify the key investor profiles that shape the investment environment. As a multidisciplinary field combining elements of psychology, sociology, and finance, Behavioural Finance provides the primary framework for this exploration. The research distinguishes between its micro and macro perspectives: the detailed analysis of individual behavioural traits of investors and the broader identification of inefficiencies in the market. Recognizing the pervasive impact of behavioural biases on investment behaviours and decisions, this study offers an in-depth review of diverse research within the Behavioural Finance domain. It sheds light on how human psychology and social dynamics interact with financial decision-making, highlighting the crucial role of Behavioural Finance in contemporary financial practices. In an era where financial markets are not merely governed by rationality but are also shaped by complex human behaviours, this research offers valuable insights into the dynamics of Behavioural Finance. By illuminating the distinct investment choices, the study aims to deepen our understanding of the factors influencing these decisions, ultimately equipping investors and financial professionals with more informed decision-making strategies.

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Stoops, Monica A., Randal D. Pairan et Terri L. Roth. « Follicular, endocrine and behavioural dynamics of the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) oestrous cycle ». Reproduction 128, n^o 6 (décembre 2004) : 843–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00328.

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Longitudinal ultrasound, behaviour and endocrine evaluations were conducted, over 14 to 18 months, in two young female Indian rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros unicornis) to characterize the oestrous cycle. Both females showed the same pattern of follicular development producing a large follicle (10–12 cm diameter) on one of the ovaries that persisted for 8.5 ± 4.68 days before spontaneously ovulating. Ovulation occurred in all eight cycles monitored in a 6- to 7-year-old female versus 10 out of 14 cycles monitored in a 5- to 6-year-old female. Ultrasound examinations confirmed follicular collapse 48 h following the onset of behavioural oestrus in ovulatory cycles, while anovulatory cycles were associated with the formation of a haemorrhagic follicle. The day of behavioural oestrus corresponded to peak urinary oestrogen conjugate concentrations for each cycle, but anovulatory cycles had lower concentrations on the day of behavioural oestrus compared with ovulatory cycles. A transient increase in urinary progesterone metabolite concentrations was detected 1 day prior to ovulation. Irregular urinary progesterone metabolite profiles followed anovulatory cycles, reflecting varying degrees of follicular luteinization. In an attempt to ensure that a cycle would result in ovulation in the 5- to 6-year-old female, a GnRH treatment was tested during two separate cycles. Administration of GnRH on the day of behavioural oestrus resulted in an increase in urinary luteinizing hormone concentrations 2 h following injection. Regardless, ovulation did not occur in response to treatment. This study provides the first ultrasound data on ovarian activity in the Indian rhinoceros and establishes normal physiologic and behavioural relationships during the oestrous cycle that may facilitate the breeding of this species in captivity.

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van Putten, Ingrid E., Soile Kulmala, Olivier Thébaud, Natalie Dowling, Katell G. Hamon, Trevor Hutton et Sean Pascoe. « Theories and behavioural drivers underlying fleet dynamics models ». Fish and Fisheries 13, n^o 2 (14 juillet 2011) : 216–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2011.00430.x.

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Fisher, David N., Matthew Brachmann et Joseph B. Burant. « Complex dynamics and the development of behavioural individuality ». Animal Behaviour 138 (avril 2018) : e1-e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.02.015.

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Cote, J., J. Clobert, T. Brodin, S. Fogarty et A. Sih. « Personality-dependent dispersal : characterization, ontogeny and consequences for spatially structured populations ». Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 365, n^o 1560 (27 décembre 2010) : 4065–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0176.

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Dispersal is one of the most fundamental components of ecology, and affects processes as diverse as population growth, metapopulation dynamics, gene flow and adaptation. Although the act of moving from one habitat to another entails major costs to the disperser, empirical and theoretical studies suggest that these costs can be reduced by having morphological, physiological or behavioural specializations for dispersal. A few recent studies on different systems showed that individuals exhibit personality-dependent dispersal, meaning that dispersal tendency is associated with boldness, sociability or aggressiveness. Indeed, in several species, dispersers not only develop behavioural differences at the onset of dispersal, but display these behavioural characteristics through their life cycle. While personality-dependent dispersal has been demonstrated in only a few species, we believe that it is a widespread phenomenon with important ecological consequences. Here, we review the evidence for behavioural differences between dispersers and residents, to what extent they constitute personalities. We also examine how a link between personality traits and dispersal behaviours can be produced and how personality-dependent dispersal affects the dynamics of metapopulations and biological invasions. Finally, we suggest future research directions for population biologists, behavioural ecologists and conservation biologists such as how the direction and the strength of the relationship between personality traits and dispersal vary with ecological contexts.

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Ilal Ilham et Aldri Oktanedi. « The Dynamics of Human Environmental Behaviour : A Behavioural Approach to Nature Conservation Efforts ». Journal of Sumatera Sociological Indicators 3, n^o 2 (30 novembre 2024) : 308–17. https://doi.org/10.32734/jssi.v3i2.18715.

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ABSTRACT This article examines the dynamics of human environmental behavior through a behavioral approach to nature conservation efforts. The research highlights the importance of pro-environmental behavior, which can be influenced by social norms, economic incentives, and environmental education. By analyzing various studies and successful interventions applied in several regions, such as the recycling program in Surabaya and the "Bye Bye Plastic Bags" movement in Bali, this article demonstrates how behavioral change can support environmental conservation. The behavioral approach, which includes the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and social influence, is considered an effective tool for changing community habits to actively participate in environmental preservation. By utilizing interventions based on social norms, economic incentives, and educational campaigns, this research provides recommendations for more effective behavior-based environmental conservation policies in Indonesia. Keywords: Environmental behavior, social norms, economic incentives, environmental education, nature conservation ABSTRAK Artikel ini mengkaji dinamika perilaku lingkungan manusia melalui pendekatan behavioral dalam upaya pelestarian alam. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya perilaku pro-lingkungan yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh norma sosial, insentif ekonomi, dan pendidikan lingkungan. Dengan menganalisis berbagai studi dan intervensi yang berhasil diterapkan di beberapa daerah, seperti program daur ulang di Surabaya dan gerakan "Bye Bye Plastic Bags" di Bali, artikel ini menunjukkan bagaimana perubahan perilaku dapat mendukung konservasi lingkungan. Pendekatan behavioral, yang mencakup teori perilaku terencana (TPB) dan pengaruh sosial, dianggap sebagai alat yang efektif dalam mengubah kebiasaan masyarakat untuk berpartisipasi lebih aktif dalam pelestarian alam. Dengan menggunakan intervensi berbasis norma sosial, insentif ekonomi, dan kampanye pendidikan, penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk kebijakan pelestarian lingkungan berbasis perilaku yang lebih efektif di Indonesia. Kata kunci: Perilaku lingkungan, norma sosial, insentif ekonomi, pendidikan lingkungan, pelestarian alam.

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DeDeo, Simon, David Krakauer et Jessica Flack. « Evidence of strategic periodicities in collective conflict dynamics ». Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, n^o 62 (16 février 2011) : 1260–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0687.

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We analyse the timescales of conflict decision-making in a primate society. We present evidence for multiple, periodic timescales associated with social decision-making and behavioural patterns. We demonstrate the existence of periodicities that are not directly coupled to environmental cycles or known ultraridian mechanisms. Among specific biological and socially defined demographic classes, periodicities span timescales between hours and days. Our results indicate that these periodicities are not driven by exogenous or internal regularities but are instead driven by strategic responses to social interaction patterns. Analyses also reveal that a class of individuals, playing a critical functional role, policing, have a signature timescale of the order of 1 h. We propose a classification of behavioural timescales analogous to those of the nervous system, with high frequency, or α -scale, behaviour occurring on hour-long scales, through to multi-hour, or β -scale, behaviour, and, finally γ periodicities observed on a timescale of days.

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O’Broin, Alanna, et Stephen Palmer. « Co-creating an optimal coaching alliance : A Cognitive Behavioural Coaching perspective ». International Coaching Psychology Review 4, n^o 2 (septembre 2009) : 184–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsicpr.2009.4.2.184.

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This paper reviews the coaching relationship from a Cognitive Behavioural Coaching (CBC) perspective. Using empathy as one example of a key relationship component it identifies how building, establishing and maintaining an optimal coaching alliance for the specific coachee, through an explicit process of negotiation and renegotiation epitomises ‘the collaborative relationship’ a central tenet of the Cognitive Behavioural framework. It also highlights how extending to the relationship itself an emphasis on the cognitive-behavioural dynamics of the coachee and the coach, individually and in interaction can potentially assist in fostering, maintaining, and where necessary managing disruptions in, the coaching alliance. Power dynamics and time constraints are highlighted as themes possibly differentiating the coaching alliance from the therapeutic alliance. The broader-based explicit stance of the coach resulting in a reciprocal requirement for greater adaptability to the coachee’s needs are tentatively proposed as further differentiators of the coaching alliance from a CBC perspective.

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Zordan, Mirna, et Jin Yeu Tsou. « Behavioural Contagion in Hong Kong Urban Space under Mass Psychological Distress. » Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, n^o 14 (1 juillet 2020) : 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2161.

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Psychological factors affecting human behaviour ‘a priori’ are largely underestimated in the contemporary urban debate. Mass psychological distress is not considered as a factor affecting urban dynamics within city-spaces. This study compares activities, preferences, and psychological dynamics related to behavioural contagion theory towards urban spaces in Hong Kong before and after COVID-19. Results showed significant transitions in preferences among shopping malls and urban green spaces for stationary uses, paired with substantial changes at the destination decision-making process. Other than behavioural tendencies, these results provide directions for discussing the integration of mass psychological distress into future urban scenarios design. Keywords: behavioural contagion, mass psychological distress, urban space, Hong Kong. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI:

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Tokita, Christopher K., et Corina E. Tarnita. « Social influence and interaction bias can drive emergent behavioural specialization and modular social networks across systems ». Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, n^o 162 (janvier 2020) : 20190564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0564.

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In social systems ranging from ant colonies to human society, behavioural specialization—consistent individual differences in behaviour—is commonplace: individuals can specialize in the tasks they perform (division of labour (DOL)), the political behaviour they exhibit (political polarization) or the non-task behaviours they exhibit (personalities). Across these contexts, behavioural specialization often co-occurs with modular and assortative social networks, such that individuals tend to associate with others that have the same behavioural specialization. This raises the question of whether a common mechanism could drive co-emergent behavioural specialization and social network structure across contexts. To investigate this question, here we extend a model of self-organized DOL to account for social influence and interaction bias among individuals—social dynamics that have been shown to drive political polarization. We find that these same social dynamics can also drive emergent DOL by forming a feedback loop that reinforces behavioural differences between individuals, a feedback loop that is impacted by group size. Moreover, this feedback loop also results in modular and assortative social network structure, whereby individuals associate strongly with those performing the same task. Our findings suggest that DOL and political polarization—two social phenomena not typically considered together—may actually share a common social mechanism. This mechanism may result in social organization in many contexts beyond task performance and political behaviour.

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Gautrais, Jacques, Christian Jost, Raphael Jeanson et Guy Theraulaz. « How individual interactions control aggregation patterns in gregarious arthropods ». Interaction Studies 5, n^o 2 (6 septembre 2004) : 245–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.5.2.05gau.

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Aggregation is one of the most widespread phenomena in animal groups and often represents a collective dynamic response to environmental conditions. In social species the underlying mechanisms mostly obey self-organized principles. This phenomenon constitutes a powerful model to decouple purely social components from ecological factors. Here we used a model of cockroach aggregation to address the problems of sensitivity of collective patterns and control of aggregation dynamics. The individual behavioural rules (as a function of neighbour density) and the emergent collective patterns were previously quantified and modelled by Jeanson et al. (2003, 2004). We first present the diverse spatio-temporal patterns of a derived model in response to parameter changes, either involving social or non-social interactions. This sensitivity analysis is then extended to evaluate the evolution of these patterns in mixed societies of sub-populations with different behavioural parameters. Simple linear or highly non-linear collective responses emerge. We discuss their potential application to control animal populations by infiltration of biomimetic autonomous robots that mimic cockroach behaviour. We suggest that detailed behavioural models are a prerequisite to do so.

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Maheshwari, Nandan, Keith Gunura et Fumiya Iida. « Trajectory Control Based on Discrete Full-Range Dynamics ». Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 24, n^o 4 (20 août 2012) : 612–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2012.p0612.

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There has been an increasing interest in the use of mechanical dynamics, (e.g., passive, elastic, and viscous dynamics) for energy efficient and agile control of robotic systems. Despite the impressive demonstrations of behavioural performance, the mechanical dynamics of this class of robotic systems is still very limited as compared to those of biological systems. For example, passive dynamic walkers are not capable of generating joint torques to compensate for disturbances from complex environments. In order to tackle such a discrepancy between biological and artificial systems, we present the concept and design of an adaptive clutch mechanism that discretely covers the full-range of dynamics. As a result, the system is capable of a large variety of joint operations, including dynamic switching among passive, actuated and rigid modes. The main innovation of this paper is the framework and algorithm developed for controlling the trajectory of such joint. We present different control strategies that exploit passive dynamics. Simulation results demonstrate a significant improvement in motion control with respect to the speed of motion and energy efficiency. The actuator is implemented in a simple pendulum platform to quantitatively evaluate this novel approach.

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van Someren Gréve, Hans, Thomas Kiørboe et Rodrigo Almeda. « Bottom-up behaviourally mediated trophic cascades in plankton food webs ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 286, n^o 1896 (6 février 2019) : 20181664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1664.

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Our traditional view of the interactions between marine organisms is conceptualized as food webs where species interact with one another mainly via direct consumption. However, recent research suggests that understudied non-consumptive interactions, such as behaviourally mediated indirect interactions (BMIIs), can influence marine ecosystems as much as consumptive effects. Here, we show, to our knowledge, the first experimental evidence and quantification of bottom-up BMIIs in plankton food webs. We used observational, modelling and experimental approaches to investigate how behavioural responses to resource availability influence predation mortality on grazers with different foraging strategies (ambushing versus active foraging). A three-level food chain was used: phytoplankton as resource, copepod nauplii as grazers of phytoplankton and a large copepod as a predator. Ambushers showed little change in foraging activity with resource availability, whereas active foragers decreased their foraging activity with increasing resources, which led to a decrease (24–50%) in predation mortality. Therefore, an increase in resources (‘initiator’) causes behavioural changes in active grazers (‘transmitter’), which ultimately negatively affects predator (‘receiver’) consumption rates. Consequently, increase in resource abundance may result in decreasing energy transfer to higher trophic levels. These results indicate that behaviourally mediated interactions drive marine food web dynamics differently from that predicted by only density-mediated or consumptive interactions.

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Lim, David Rimbo, Hendrawan Supratikno, Gracia Shinta S. Ugut et Edison Hulu. « Causative dynamics of overconfidence, optimism, framing effects and demographic attributes as capital structure determinants for publicly listed firms in Indonesia ». Accounting 8, n^o 2 (2022) : 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ac.2021.7.009.

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This study examines whether capital structure determinations by Indonesian publicly listed firms (Tbks) are influenced by the behavioural biases of overconfidence and optimism, with the underlying rationality frameworks being framed by relevant financial information and impacted by decision-makers’ demographic attributes. Data were obtained from survey respondents and statistically analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling to identify the indicators of causative dynamics within the hypothesised relationships. Sampled Tbks’ management (CEOs/CFOs) displayed the inherent behavioural traits of overconfidence and optimism in their capital structure determinations. However, such behavioural variables were not statistically proven to significantly influence capital structure decision-making and, hence, were not validated as capital structure determinants. The pecking order framework was revealed to have a significant framing effect on capital structure decision-making by sampled managers. Sampled managers’ demographic attributes and backgrounds were found to be capital structure determinants but did not have a mediating or moderating influence on the modelled relationship between behavioural variables and capital structure.

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Subhani, Waseem, Afifa Saif, Muhammad Azeem Naz, Muhammad Umair Nazir et Sumaira Aslam. « Unveiling the Dynamics of E-Wallet Adoption in Pakistan : Exploring the Mediating Influence of Facilitating Conditions on Behavioural Intentions ». Journal of Excellence in Management Sciences 3, n^o 2 (3 janvier 2024) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.69565/jems.v3i2.238.

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Abstract Purpose: The evolution of e-wallets in Pakistan has been significant and moulded by technological progress, consumer behaviour changes, and regulatory measures. This study aims to explore the factors that influence the behavioural intention to use e-wallets in Pakistan, considering the mediating effect of facilitating conditions (FC) between perception usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PE), and behavioural intention. Design/Methodology/Approach: A primary research approach, including a quantitative survey among e-wallet users across Pakistan, is employed. Findings: The findings of the research suggest that all independent variables have a direct impact on dependent variables. Furthermore, facilitating conditions mediate the relationship between perceived ease of use and behavioural intention. However, the relationship between PU and behavioural intention is determined not to be mediated by FC. Research Limitations/Implications: The study enriches the literature by providing a deeper understanding of the interplay of such factors that affect e-wallet adoption in Pakistan and also provides some policy implications to policymakers and industry stakeholders to promote the adoption and usage of e-wallets in the country.

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Lamontagne, Angélique, et Florence Gaunet. « Behavioural Synchronisation between Dogs and Humans : Unveiling Interspecific Motor Resonance ? » Animals 14, n^o 4 (7 février 2024) : 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14040548.

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Dogs’ behavioural synchronisation with humans is of growing scientific interest. However, studies lack a comprehensive exploration of the neurocognitive foundations of this social cognitive ability. Drawing parallels from the mechanisms underlying behavioural synchronisation in humans, specifically motor resonance and the recruitment of mirror neurons, we hypothesise that dogs’ behavioural synchronisation with humans is underpinned by a similar mechanism, namely interspecific motor resonance. Based on a literature review, we argue that dogs possess the prerequisites for motor resonance, and we suggest that interspecific behavioural synchronisation relies on the activation of both human and canine mirror neurons. Furthermore, interspecific behavioural studies highlight certain characteristics of motor resonance, including motor contagion and its social modulators. While these findings strongly suggest the potential existence of interspecific motor resonance, direct proof remains to be established. Our analysis thus paves the way for future research to confirm the existence of interspecific motor resonance as the neurocognitive foundation for interspecific behavioural synchronisation. Unravelling the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying this behavioural adjustment holds profound implications for understanding the evolutionary dynamics of dogs alongside humans and improving the day-to-day management of dog–human interactions.

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Hart, B. L. « Behavioural defense against parasites : interaction with parasite invasiveness ». Parasitology 109, S1 (1994) : S139—S151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000085140.

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SUMMARYBehavioural patterns involved in avoiding, repelling, or removing parasites allow mammalian hosts to defend themselves from an array of parasites that threaten the host's fitness in the natural world. Some examples of behavioural defenses and the presumed target parasites are: grooming to remove ticks, grouping to reduce attack rate of biting flies, fly repelling movements to reduce parasitic flies, and selective grazing to reduce intake of faecal-borne parasites. These behavioural defenses are discussed with regard to effectiveness in controlling the target parasites. Parasites have sometimes evolved behavioural strategies of evading, penetrating or disabling these behavioural defenses. These parasite behavioural strategies, though less studied, are discussed. Also discussed is the possibility that host behavioural patterns that may defend against one parasite may be exploited by a different type of parasite to facilitate its own transmission. The interplay between host defensive strategies, the cost versus the effectiveness of such strategies, and a parasite's evasion or exploitation of such strategies, may be useful in understanding some aspects of host-parasite dynamics in nature.

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Aman, Bogdan, et Gabriel Ciobanu. « Knowledge Dynamics and Behavioural Equivalences in Multi-Agent Systems ». Mathematics 9, n^o 22 (11 novembre 2021) : 2869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9222869.

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We define a process calculus to describe multi-agent systems with timeouts for communication and mobility able to handle knowledge. The knowledge of an agent is represented as sets of trees whose nodes carry information; it is used to decide the interactions with other agents. The evolution of the system with exchanges of knowledge between agents is presented by the operational semantics, capturing the concurrent executions by a multiset of actions in a labelled transition system. Several results concerning the relationship between the agents and their knowledge are presented. We introduce and study some specific behavioural equivalences in multi-agent systems, including a knowledge equivalence able to distinguish two systems based on the interaction of the agents with their local knowledge.

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Ihssen, N., D. Linden et K. Shapiro. « Increased vSTM for sequential displays - behavioural and neuronal dynamics ». Journal of Vision 9, n^o 8 (24 mars 2010) : 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/9.8.570.

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Nguyen-Ngoc, Doanh, et Thuy Nguyen-Phuong. « Effects of Behavioural Strategy on the Exploitative Competition Dynamics ». Acta Biotheoretica 64, n^o 4 (21 octobre 2016) : 495–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10441-016-9297-9.

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Praseed, Amit, et P. Santhi Thilagam. « Modelling Behavioural Dynamics for Asymmetric Application Layer DDoS Detection ». IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 16 (2021) : 617–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2020.3017928.

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Garg, Dr Sweety, et Ms Aangi Khandhar. « Analysing Segmentation and Behavioural Dynamics in Customer Purchase Behavior ». INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, n^o 008 (31 août 2024) : 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem37271.

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Consumer behavior is one of the most vital aspects of business, given the need to make an enterprise competitive in the market by improving marketing efforts and the product range. The project goes further into the actual segmentation and analysis of consumer behavior in relation to purchase through data analytics and machine learning for the identification of significant trends and patterns. The most important outcome of this phase is that a mere 1% of customers are able to fairly estimate delivery timings, hence showing the most room for further advancement. The implementation also takes place of an intelligent product recommendation system that personalizes product recommendations for a greatly enhanced customer experience. The paper provides strategic recommendation for optimal promotion, steering clear of purchase slumps, e.g. on Saturdays. The outcome is tangible insight for businesses by which they can fine- tune strategies adopted to elevate customer satisfaction. Keywords: Consumer Behaviour, Segmentation, Machine Learning, Data Analytics, Patterns of Purchase, Marketing strategy

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Zhao, Jiaying, et Huifang Ou. « AI-based Player Behavior Prediction and Game Experience Optimization : A Study on Classification, Regression, and Deep Reinforcement Learning Models Combining Behavioral and Social Data ». Applied and Computational Engineering 118, n^o 1 (21 février 2025) : 159–64. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.20934.

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Based on behavioural and social data, this research focuses on the application of AI models for predicting player behaviour and optimizing game experience. This research uses classification, regression, and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) models to anticipate the player behaviour, aid in-game decision making, and customize game environments. This coupling of behavioural data like session duration, activity frequency, decision history and social data like player interactions, group dynamics, communication logs is essential for accurate predictions. This research tests various ML models such as decision trees, SVM, random forests, and deep reinforcement learning to give an in-depth understanding on how these models support the experience of the players. In the part of experimentation, this research has demonstrated that, while classification and regression models are excellent for predicting discrete player behavior and continuous game variables, DRL models are better for predicting real-time game optimization. This insight also points to the need to integrate behavioural and social data to develop dynamic, interactive and personalised gameplay. The research provides some insights for future AI-based games applications especially for creating mechanisms that continually change in response to the user.

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Mesa-Vázquez, Ernesto, Juan F. Velasco-Muñoz, José A. Aznar-Sánchez et Belén López-Felices. « Three Decades of Behavioural Economics in Agriculture. An Overview of Global Research ». Sustainability 13, n^o 18 (14 septembre 2021) : 10244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810244.

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Over the last three decades, behavioural economics has been gaining ground in the research on a wide range of agriculture-related themes. This is due to the diversity of the agents involved in the production systems and the agro-food value chains in which opposing interests must be reconciled. The main objective of this study is to examine the dynamics of the research on the application of behavioural economics in agriculture across the world. To do this, a bibliometric analysis has been carried out through a literature review of the period between 1991 and 2020. The results of the study show that the use of behavioural economics has increased in the research on agriculture, particularly over the last five years. The application of behavioural economics in agriculture has focused on analysing consumers, producers, management, marketing, development, environmental issues, climate change, food and health.

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Kindermann, Gesche, Christine Domegan, Easkey Britton, Caitriona Carlin, Mona Isazad Mashinchi et Adegboyega Ojo. « Understanding the Dynamics of Green and Blue Spaces for Health and Wellbeing Outcomes in Ireland : A Systemic Stakeholder Perspective ». Sustainability 13, n^o 17 (25 août 2021) : 9553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179553.

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Despite the recognised benefits to human health from green and blue spaces, socioeconomic inequalities in access to and use of such spaces have been observed. Using a multidisciplinary, multistakeholder systems approach and structural equation modelling, this paper examines the structural and behavioural dynamics of green and blue spaces, people and health and wellbeing outcomes. Systems thinking offers a deeper understanding of the dynamics of collective choices at all levels within the determinants and the circular causality of these processes. The resulting map shows that behavioural and structural dynamics of green and blue spaces reinforce social cohesion, mental and physical benefits and their circular causality. Acknowledging the importance of multiple uses of green and blue spaces, this paper concludes that delivering universal services at a scale and intensity proportionate to the degree of need is vital to ensure services and health and wellbeing benefits are available to all, not only the most advantaged.

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Hunt, Edmund R., Brian Mi, Camila Fernandez, Brandyn M. Wong, Jonathan N. Pruitt et Noa Pinter-Wollman. « Social interactions shape individual and collective personality in social spiders ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 285, n^o 1886 (5 septembre 2018) : 20181366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1366.

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The behavioural composition of a group and the dynamics of social interactions can both influence how social animals work collectively. For example, individuals exhibiting certain behavioural tendencies may have a disproportionately large impact on the group, and so are referred to as keystone individuals, while interactions between individuals can facilitate information transmission about resources. Despite the potential impact of both behavioural composition and interactions on collective behaviour, the relationship between consistent behaviours (also known as personalities) and social interactions remains poorly understood. Here, we use stochastic actor-oriented models to uncover the interdependencies between boldness and social interactions in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola . We find that boldness has no effect on the likelihood of forming social interactions, but interactions do affect boldness, and lead to an increase in the boldness of the shyer individual. Furthermore, spiders tend to interact with the same individuals as their neighbours. In general, boldness decreases over time, but once an individual's boldness begins to increase, this increase accelerates, suggesting a positive feedback mechanism. These dynamics of interactions and boldness result in skewed boldness distributions of a few bold individuals and many shy individuals, as observed in nature. This group behavioural composition facilitates efficient collective behaviours, such as rapid collective prey attack. Thus, by examining the relationship between behaviour and interactions, we reveal the mechanisms that underlie the emergence of adaptive group composition and collective behaviour.

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Alrashidi, Khadija M. H. S. Th. « A Conceptual Framework of Behavioural Languages in Educational Leadership : Power, Politeness, Motivation, Humor, and Rhetoric ». Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 9, n^o 11 (29 novembre 2024) : e003103. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v9i11.3103.

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This paper attempts to propose a conceptual framework to gain a comprehensive understanding of how behavioural language (i.e. power, politeness, motivation, humour, and rhetoric) relate to the educational leadership practices. This framework gives educational leaders a tactical method for promoting productive interactions and successful educational results by combining the body of knowledge and insights into leadership communication. The study uses a literature review methodology to synthesise previous research on behavioural languages and their use in educational leadership. The proposed framework was developed by categorising relevant studies into themes of power, politeness, motivating language, humour, and rhetoric. This conceptual exploration offers insightful reflections for educators to improve leadership effectiveness by implementing communication practices that improve engagement and relational dynamics in educational environments. This framework is designed to provide insights for future research and propose implications for educational leaders who want to develop supportive and dynamic workplace environments.

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Golder, Papiya, et Maitrayae Sadhu. « Global Dynamics of Bird Migration : Trends, Mechanisms and Conservation Challenges ». UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, n^o 20 (4 novembre 2024) : 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i204592.

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Global bird migration is a complex phenomenon influenced by a multitude of factors, including climate change, habitat loss, and human activities. This paper explores the trends in migratory patterns observed over recent decades, highlighting shifts in timing, routes, and species distributions Bird migrations are behavioural occurrences, exemplifying intricate spatiotemporal tactics to optimise living expenses while enhancing fitness. Birds express a range of migratory patterns, from highly predictable obligate migration, to less predictable nomadic and fugitive migrations. Despite significant advancements in bird migration studies, still certain essential gaps remain. Due to technological advancement, bird migration studies have uncovered significant insights into the behavioural, cognitive, physiological, and evolutionary underpinnings. The seasonal variability of bird populations presents an intriguing phenomenon for avid observers to discern their origins, migratory routes, and return patterns. Among the remarkable migrations executed by several species of fish, animals, and insects, birds exemplify the highest degree of mobility among all living forms on Earth. This paper gives reasons for all Bird migration strategies with a view toward the preservation of Bird ecosystems and assurance of Environmental sustainability.

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Silk, Matthew J., David J. Hodgson, Carly Rozins, Darren P. Croft, Richard J. Delahay, Mike Boots et Robbie A. McDonald. « Integrating social behaviour, demography and disease dynamics in network models : applications to disease management in declining wildlife populations ». Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 374, n^o 1781 (29 juillet 2019) : 20180211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0211.

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The emergence and spread of infections can contribute to the decline and extinction of populations, particularly in conjunction with anthropogenic environmental change. The importance of heterogeneity in processes of transmission, resistance and tolerance is increasingly well understood in theory, but empirical studies that consider both the demographic and behavioural implications of infection are scarce. Non-random mixing of host individuals can impact the demographic thresholds that determine the amplification or attenuation of disease prevalence. Risk assessment and management of disease in threatened wildlife populations must therefore consider not just host density, but also the social structure of host populations. Here we integrate the most recent developments in epidemiological research from a demographic and social network perspective, and synthesize the latest developments in social network modelling for wildlife disease, to explore their applications to disease management in populations in decline and at risk of extinction. We use simulated examples to support our key points and reveal how disease-management strategies can and should exploit both behavioural and demographic information to prevent or control the spread of disease. Our synthesis highlights the importance of considering the combined impacts of demographic and behavioural processes in epidemics to successful disease management in a conservation context. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.

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