Articles de revues : « Bio-oil »

1

Comyns, Alan. « Treating bio-oil ». Focus on Catalysts 2014, n^o 7 (juillet 2014) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1351-4180(14)70218-1.

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Zhu, Jiu‐fang, Ji‐cong Wang et Quan‐xin Li. « Transformation of Bio‐oil into BTX by Bio‐oil Catalytic Cracking ». Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 26, n^o 4 (août 2013) : 477–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1674-0068/26/04/477-483.

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Singh, Kaushlendra, L. Mark Risse, K. C. Das, John Worley et Sidney Thompson. « Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter Fractions for Bio-Char and Bio-Oil Production ». Journal of Agricultural Science and Applications 01, n^o 02 (30 juin 2012) : 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14511/jasa.2012.010201.

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Ahmed, Abu Saleh. « Microwave Assisted Pyrolysis of Moringa Seed and Karanja for Bio-Oil Production ». International Journal of Renewable Energy Resources 13, n^o 1 (6 mai 2023) : 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/ijrer.vol13no1.2.

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Microwave-assisted pyrolysis is an alternative technique of conventional heating which undergo thermochemical process to convert biomass to bio oil, bio char and biogas. Microwave-assisted pyrolysis is more rapid and efficient to produce product compared to conventional heating. A modified household microwave oven with 800W was used to pyrolyze Moringa seed and Karanja to become bio oil and bio char. This experiment was repeated in different parameters such as time, temperature and power to obtain maximum bio oil yield. Bio oil yield of Moringa seed increased from 7.2 wt% at 300°C in 5 minutes to 10.6 wt% at 450°C in 13 minutes. Bio oil of both raw materials showed maximum yield when pyrolysis time is 13 minutes in 800W but after 13 minutes, the bio oil yield of Moringa decrease of 2.4% and bio oil yield of Karanja decrease of 4.7%. The calorific value of Moringa bio oil is 25.08MJ/kg whereas Karanja bio oil is 20.36 MJ/kg. Functional group of both bio oil mainly include alcohol, ketones, aldehydes and carboxylic acid. The pH value of Moringa bio oil and Karanja bio oil are 4.38 and 5.86 respectively.

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Lindfors, Christian, Eeva Kuoppala, Anja Oasmaa, Yrjö Solantausta et Vesa Arpiainen. « Fractionation of Bio-Oil ». Energy & ; Fuels 28, n^o 9 (7 septembre 2014) : 5785–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef500754d.

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Meng, Jiajia, Andrew Moore, David Tilotta, Stephen Kelley et Sunkyu Park. « Toward Understanding of Bio-Oil Aging : Accelerated Aging of Bio-Oil Fractions ». ACS Sustainable Chemistry & ; Engineering 2, n^o 8 (16 juillet 2014) : 2011–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/sc500223e.

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Zhuang, Xiaozhuang, Ziyu Gan, Dengyu Chen, Kehui Cen, Yuping Ba et Dongxia Jia. « An approach for upgrading bio-oil by using heavy bio-oil co-pyrolyzed with bamboo leached with light bio-oil ». Fuel 331 (janvier 2023) : 125931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125931.

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Qarizada, Deana, Erfan Mohammadian, Azil Bahari Alis, Suriatie Mat Yusuf, Aqilah Dollah, Humapar Azhar Rahimi, Ahmad Shah Nazari et Muzhda Azizi. « Thermo Distillation and Characterization of Bio Oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) ». Key Engineering Materials 797 (mars 2019) : 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.797.359.

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Thermo distillation of palm kernel shell in a column reactor was studied in this paper. The objective of this research was to characterize the bio oil and bio oil fractions. The maximum yield was around 70 wt% at 120 °C. The bio oil fractions were collected in ten columns at different temperature ranging between 75- 105°C. HHV of bio oil was 26MJ/Kg. The bio oil moisture, volatility, fixed carbon, and ash were determined and found to be around 6.44wt%, 52.72wt%, 24.39wt%, 16.45wt%, respectively. It can be seen that the PKS bio oil can be considered as an alternative fuel. . HHV of bio oil fraction was between 20- 21MJ/Kg, The density of bio oil fraction was 976.54 g/ mL, and pH of bio oil fraction were around of 2.16.

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Jamil, Farrukh, Murni Melati Ahmad et Suzana Yusup. « Comparative Study for Catalytic Cracking of Model Bio-Oil and Palm Kernel Shell Derived Bio-Oil ». Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (septembre 2013) : 2476–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2476.

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This work investigates the comparison between upgraded product from model bio-oil and bio-oil from PKS. The process is carried out in the presence of HZSM-5 at temperature of 500oC, 3bar pressure and oil/catalyst ratio of 15. It is observed that the properties such as pH, density, calorific value and elemental value of products are improved. The calorific value for upgraded bio-oil is 31.65 MJ/kg while for model bio-oil the value is 30.32 MJ/kg at same operating conditions. The degree of deoxygenation of the upgraded bio-oil and upgraded model bio-oil is 43.74% and 45.56% respectively. The study showed that the model bio-oil can be used to represent the bio-oil.

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Zainab, H., N. Nurfatirah, A. Norfaezah et H. Othman. « Green bio-oil extraction for oil crops ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 133 (juin 2016) : 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/133/1/012053.

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Nguyen, Hong Nam, Bùi Văn Đức, Ngoc Linh Vu, Hong Nam Nguyen, Thi Thu Ha Vu et Adisak Pattiya. « BIO-OIL FROM RUBBER WOOD : EFFECTS OF UPGRADING CONDITIONS ». Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 58, n^o 5 (16 octobre 2020) : 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/58/5/15023.

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Despite its prominent potential, the use of rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) for bio-oil production has not been fully investigated. This study reported experimental results of the bio-oil production and upgrading from rubber wood using fast pyrolysis technology. The effects of catalyst nature (vermiculite and dolomite), upgrading temperature and bio-oil/catalyst ratio on the product quality were deeply investigated. The results showed that dolomite was suitable to be used as a catalyst for bio-oil upgrading. At 600 °C and a bio-oil/catalyst ratio of 1:1, the bio-oil yield was maximized, while at 400 °C and a ratio of 1:3, the bio-oil heating value was maximized. Depending on usage purposes, a yield-oriented, heating value-oriented or in-between bio-oil upgrading solution could be considered.

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Du, Kuan, Beichen Yu, Yimin Xiong, Long Jiang, Jun Xu, Yi Wang, Sheng Su, Song Hu et Jun Xiang. « Hydrodeoxygenation of Bio-Oil over an Enhanced Interfacial Catalysis of Microemulsions Stabilized by Amphiphilic Solid Particles ». Catalysts 13, n^o 3 (12 mars 2023) : 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13030573.

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Bio-oil emulsions were stabilized using coconut shell coke, modified amphiphilic graphene oxide, and hydrophobic nano-fumed silica as solid emulsifiers. The effects of different particles on the stability of bio-oil emulsions were discussed. Over 21 days, the average droplet size of raw bio-oil increased by 64.78%, while that of bio-oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by three particles only changed within 20%. The bio-oil Pickering emulsion stabilized by Ni/SiO2 was then used for catalytic hydrodeoxygenation. It was found that the bio-oil undergoes polymerization during catalytic hydrogenation. For raw bio-oil hydrodeoxygenation, the polymerization reaction was little affected by the temperature below 200 °C, but when the temperature raised to 250 °C, it was greatly accelerated. However, the polymerization of monocyclic aromatic compounds in the reaction process was partially inhibited under the bio-oil Pickering emulsion system. Additionally, a GC-MS analysis was performed on raw bio-oil and hydrodeoxygenated bio-oil to compare the change in GC-MS-detectable components after hydrodeoxygenation at 200 °C. The results showed that the Pickering emulsion catalytic system greatly promoted the hydrodeoxygenation of phenolic compounds in bio-oil, with most monocyclic phenolic compounds detected by GC-MS converting to near 100%.

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Gungat, Lillian, Nur Afeera Syakirin Binti Abdul Manan, Jodin Makinda et Mohd Azizul Bin Ladin. « Effects of pyrolysis bio-oil derived from palm kernel shell on modified bitumen properties ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 1296, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2024) : 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1296/1/012012.

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Abstract Economical and environmental friendly materials that able to replace petroleum based binder has become an urgent demand in road industry. Bio oil from palm oil waste is relatively more economical and has the potential to used as bitumen replacement as bio asphalt. The performance of bio asphalt derived from different source and process to produce bio oils are varies. Hence, this study aims to investigate the effects of palm kernel shell bio-oil in terms of physical properties, the chemical functional group, and the morphology. The bitumen properties were evaluated by the conventional physical tests, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The palm kernel shell bio-oil was added into the bitumen by weight of bitumen at 0%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and blended using mechanical stirrer. From the conventional physical test, it was found that bio-oil modified bitumen increased in penetration and ductility with decreased softening point. This indicate that direct addition of bio oil soften the modified bitumen. The change of the functional group in FTIR is significantly influenced by the increasing content of bio-oil. The morphology of the modified bitumen showed inhomogenous surface with noticeable wrinkles as the bio oil content increase. Based on the physicochemical evaluation, 3% bio oil replacement passed all the physical tests requirement with less changes in FTIR result. Therefore, 3% bio oil content is proposed for further tests for direct inclusion of bio oil into bitumen for local road construction utilization.

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JM, Bahig. « Synthesis of Bio-gas Using Squander Cooking Oil ». Petroleum & ; Petrochemical Engineering Journal 5, n^o 3 (2021) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ppej-16000270.

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The point of this examination is to evaluate the performance of both catalytic and thermal cracking processes in the thermochemical conversion of squander cooking oil into biofuel and investigate the impact of ZSM-5 impetus and breaking reactor temperature to items yield, biofuel caloric substance and synthetic arrangement. Several parameters might affect process performance which resulted in different product’s yield and specification. Cracking temperature variation gave appreciable effect on yield and product’s caloric values.

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A., Raja, Bhagyanathan C. et Narendhar C. « Bio Fouling Prevention Using Silicone Oil based Composition ». Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science 8, n^o 2 (30 avril 2018) : 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijiems.8395.

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Han, Yinglei, Anamaria Paiva Pinheiro Pires, Melba Denson, Armando G. McDonald et Manuel Garcia-Perez. « Ternary Phase Diagram of Water/Bio-Oil/Organic Solvent for Bio-Oil Fractionation ». Energy & ; Fuels 34, n^o 12 (24 novembre 2020) : 16250–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c03100.

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Abnisa, Faisal, Arash Arami-Niya, W. M. A. Wan Daud et J. N. Sahu. « Characterization of Bio-oil and Bio-char from Pyrolysis of Palm Oil Wastes ». BioEnergy Research 6, n^o 2 (19 février 2013) : 830–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-013-9313-8.

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Mello, Vinicius M., Guilherme B. C. Martins, Mateus de A. Montenegro et Paulo A. Z. Suarez. « Thermal processing of soybean oil to obtain bio-based polymers and bio-oil ». Industrial Crops and Products 66 (avril 2015) : 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.10.041.

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Şensöz, Sevgi, et İlke Kaynar. « Bio-oil production from soybean (Glycine max L.) ; fuel properties of Bio-oil ». Industrial Crops and Products 23, n^o 1 (janvier 2006) : 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2005.04.005.

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Li, Yuanbo, Dongdong Ge, Zihao Ju, Songtao Lv, Yanhua Xue, Yiyang Xue et Liangchen Peng. « Study on Performance and Mechanism of SBR and Bio-Oil Recycled SBS Modified Asphalt ». Polymers 14, n^o 23 (24 novembre 2022) : 5096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14235096.

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With the continuous development of road construction and maintenance, SBS(Styrene-butadiene-styrene)-modified asphalt is widely used. However, there is no mature method for restoring aged SBS-modified asphalt. This study proposes the use of SBR(polymerized styrene butadiene rubber) and bio-oil for the restoration of aged SBS. In this study, five kinds of recycled asphalt were prepared by adding 5% bio-oil, 10% bio-oil, 6% SBR, 6% SBR + 5% bio-oil, and 6% SBR + 10% bio-oil to long-term aged SBS-modified asphalt. Softening point, penetration, and rotational viscosity experiments were tested to evaluate the conventional properties. Rheological tests revealed the performance of asphalt. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic force microscope (AFM) tests were tested to demonstrate the microscopic characteristics of asphalt. Conventional tests investigated that aged asphalt viscosity will increase. Bio-oil could well recycle the asphalt viscosity. SBR could also soften aged asphalt, but its modification effect is limited compared with bio-oil. Rheological tests presented that the SBR and bio-oil have little impact on the temperature sensitivity of SBS-modified asphalt. SBR and bio-oil could decrease the asphalt stiffness. However, SBR and bio-oil could ameliorate the anti-cracking behavior of aged asphalt. The microscopic tests exhibited that SBR and bio-oil could decrease the asphaltene and colloid. Meanwhile, bio-oil could supplement alcohols and ethers at wave number 1000 cm−1–1270 cm−1. Alcohols and ethers are hard to oxidize, something which has a beneficial role in the anti-aged of recycled asphalt.

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Nasri, Noor Shawal, Murtala Musa Ahmed, Mariam Amruddin, Usman Dadum Hamza, Jibril Mohammed et Zain Husna Mohd. « Corrosion Inhibition Study of Upgraded Bio-Oil Derived Empty Fruit Bunch Using Alumina ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 695 (novembre 2014) : 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.695.114.

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Bio-oil derived from the pyrolysis of a sustainable palm biomass has great potential as a suitable replacement to the conventional source of fuels and chemicals. However, the bio-oil produced is highly acidic and corrosive due to presence of acids that can leads to operational difficulties. As such, purification of the bio-oil for the targeted application as chemicals or fuel source needs to be conducted. This study is aimed at conducting further study on the isolation of insoluble fractions (heavy oil) of bio-oil and at the same time assesses the corrosiveness of the insoluble fractions and compare with that of raw bio-oil. This was done in order see whether the corrosive properties of the raw bio-oil are associated with these fractions or not. It was later upgraded using various ratio of zero valence aluminium metal as corrosion inhibitor. The raw bio-oil and the upgraded heavy oil fractions samples were characterized using various techniques. The results indicate significant improvement on the various properties tested on the side of upgraded heavy oil fractions than the raw bio-oil. Thus, realization of bio-oil quality for its subsequent application as fuel can significantly reduce operational difficulties in engines and other processing equipment.

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Abdulkhani, Ali, Zahra Echresh Zadeh, Solomon Gajere Bawa, Fubao Sun, Meysam Madadi, Xueming Zhang et Basudeb Saha. « Comparative Production of Bio-Oil from In Situ Catalytic Upgrading of Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass ». Energies 16, n^o 6 (14 mars 2023) : 2715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16062715.

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Catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis bio-oil from two different types of lignocellulosic biomass was conducted using an H-ZSM-5 catalyst at different temperatures. A fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor has been used to perform in situ catalytic pyrolysis experiments at temperatures of 673, 773, and 873 K, where the catalyst (H-ZSM-5) has been mixed with wood chips or lignin, and the pyrolysis and upgrading processes have been performed simultaneously. The fractionation method has been employed to determine the chemical composition of bio-oil samples after catalytic pyrolysis experiments by gas chromatography with mass spectroscopy (GCMS). Other characterization techniques, e.g., water content, viscosity, elemental analysis, pH, and bomb calorimetry have been used, and the obtained results have been compared with the non-catalytic pyrolysis method. The highest bio-oil yield has been reported for bio-oil obtained from softwood at 873 K for both non-catalytic and catalytic bio-oil samples. The results indicate that the main effect of H-ZSM-5 has been observed on the amount of water and oxygen for all bio-oil samples at three different temperatures, where a significant reduction has been achieved compared to non-catalytic bio-oil samples. In addition, a significant viscosity reduction has been reported compared to non-catalytic bio-oil samples, and less viscous bio-oil samples have been produced by catalytic pyrolysis. Furthermore, the obtained results show that the heating values have been increased for upgraded bio-oil samples compared to non-catalytic bio-oil samples. The GCMS analysis of the catalytic bio-oil samples (H-ZSM-5) indicates that toluene and methanol have shown very similar behavior in extracting bio-oil samples in contrast to non-catalytic experiments. However, methanol performed better for extracting chemicals at a higher temperature.

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Febriyanti, Fitri, Naela Fadila, Ari Susandy Sanjaya, Yazid Bindar et Anton Irawan. « PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI BIO-CHAR, BIO-OIL DAN GAS DENGAN METODE PIROLISIS ». Jurnal Chemurgy 3, n^o 2 (20 décembre 2019) : 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/cmg.v3i2.3578.

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Perkembangan luas areal kelapa sawit di Indonesia setiap tahunnya cenderung meningkat. Sehingga terdapat banyak limbah biomassa tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) yang dihasilkan dari pabrik kelapa sawit. Salah satu teknologi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut yaitu teknologi pirolisis. Pirolisis adalah proses pembakaran tanpa oksigen untuk memproduksi Bio-oil, bio-char dan gas. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu terhadap Bio-oil, bio-char dan gas serta untuk mengetahui densitas, viskositas dan komposisi Bio-oil hasil dari pirolisis tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Pada penelitian ini digunakan variabel suhu pirolisis yaitu 500°C, 550°C dan 600°C. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan yield Bio-oil terbesar 45% pada suhu 600°C, yield gas terbesar 29,86% pada suhu 500°C dan yield bio-char terbesar 32,71% pada suhu 550°C. Nilai densitas dan viskositas Bio-oil secara berurutan yaitu 0,9938-1,0083 g/cm3 dan 3,8407-5,7456 Cst. Nilai kalor bio-char sebesar (5,5069x10-6- 5,7859x10-6) Kcal/Kg. Selain itu, berdasarkan uji GCMS komposisi Bio-oil didominasi oleh senyawa fenol dan dekanoit.Kata kunci: Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS), pirolisis, Bio-oil, bio-char, gas

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Katpatal, Dhananjay C., Atul B. Andhare et Pramod M. Padole. « Performance of nano-bio-lubricants, ISO VG46 oil and its blend with Jatropha oil in statically loaded hydrodynamic plain journal bearing ». Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J : Journal of Engineering Tribology 234, n^o 3 (18 juillet 2019) : 386–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350650119864242.

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In this experimental study, three stable nano-bio-lubricants were prepared by dispersing CuO nanoparticles in three bio-lubricants and later investigations were carried out to determine pressure distribution and frictional performance of ISO VG46 oil, bio-lubricants and nano-bio-lubricants in hydrodynamic journal bearing under different loads and speeds. The experimental results revealed that pressure of oils inside bearing depends on viscosity of oils. Addition of nanoparticles in bio-lubricants did not help to enhance the maximum pressure of oil inside bearing. Frictional performance of ISO VG46 oil and bio-lubricants was according to their viscosity but coefficient of friction of nano-bio-lubricants was higher compared to ISO VG46 oil inspite of having approximately same viscosity compared to ISO VG46 oil. Among all the oils, ISO VG46 oil and bio-lubricant 9010 had similar performance and hence Bio-lubricant 9010 can be used in place of ISO VG46 oil in journal bearing.

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Abatyough, Michael Terungwa, Victor Olatunji Ajibola, Edith Bolanle Agbaji et Zakka Israila Yashim. « Properties of Upgraded Bio-oil from Pyrolysis of Waste Corn Cobs ». Journal of Sustainability and Environmental Management 1, n^o 2 (26 mai 2022) : 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/josem.v1i2.45348.

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Technologies for conversion of waste solid materials to liquid fuel and bio-crude oil have been researched widely for the production of renewable energy as substitute to fossil fuel oil. However, ash composition of biomass affects the pyrolysis process and the bio-crude oil product has unsatisfactory properties compared to conventional petroleum oil, such as, low heating value, high viscosity, corrosiveness, and the presence of oxygenated compound which causes bio oil ageing. This paper investigated the total waste materials; corn cobs and paper sludge obtained in municipal areas of Abuja, Nigeria, employed in pyrolysis of demineralized corn cobs and the upgrade of crude bio oil via thermal cracking using zeolite prepared from waste paper sludge, with expectation to improve bio oil properties. Demineralization of corn cob removed most of the ash content of biomass allowing for pyrolysis process. The prepared zeolite with mesoporous cage-like crystals analyzed using SEM was able to effectively catalyze thermal cracking of the crude bio oil and reduce the quantity of less desired high molecular weight oxygenated compounds. The bio oil chemical composition obtained from GC-MS analysis indicated the bio oil consisted of oxygenated compounds and hydrocarbons such as aliphatic hydrocarbons (28.768%), alcohols (-0.001%), amines (10.472%), carboxylic acids (0.144), phenols (0.047%), and esters (60.57 %), which significantly influenced the bio oil properties. The physical and chemical properties of the corn cob bio oil was determined for density (0.852 ± 0.03), viscosity (1.66 ± 0.01), cloud point (-34.0 ± 0.02) and calorific value (30.9 ± 0.01). With the exception of Flash point (58 ± 0.01) and acid value (13.1 ± 0.03). In comparison, the produced bio oil had properties likened to petroleum fraction of conventional gasoline than diesel. In conclusion, pyrolysis of corn cob and upgrade of the crude bio oil using prepared zeolite was found as a promising process in improving bio oil quality. The pyrolysis study has potential in the management of environmental wastes to help resolve the challenge of solid waste disposal.

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Yanti, Rina Novia. « Pemanfaatan Limbah Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan ». Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia 10, n^o 1 (31 janvier 2023) : 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/dli.10.1.p.7-11.

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Indonesia is the world's largest palm oil producer with a land area of 14.3 million as of 2019. With this area, it will produce biomass in the form of replanted stems, midribs, empty palm oil bunches (TKKS), shells and fruit fibers. Biomass waste, including palm oil solid waste, has the potential to be used as raw material for renewable energy or bioenergy. This study aims to utilize palm oil plantation waste into bio oil and bio briquettes. The raw materials used in this study were empty oil palm fruit bunches (TKKS) and palm oil shell waste. Bio oil is made by the pyrolysis process. This research produces pyrolysis products, namely bio oil as a substitute for diesel fuel from EFB waste and from shells to produce bio briquettes. Found in pyrolysis products, namely bio-oil, aromatic compounds, aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds, acid compounds and hydrocarbon compounds. Hydrocarbon compounds are compounds that exist in fuel oil. In OPEFB bio oil, 19 types of hydrocarbon compounds were found. Meanwhile, bio briquettes from oil palm shells produce a calorific value of > 5000 which has met the Indonesian national standard (SNI) 01-6235 in 2000. Meanwhile, the water content value meets the Indonesian National Standard, which is a maximum of 15%.

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Yin, Sudong, Ryan Dolan, Matt Harris et Zhongchao Tan. « Subcritical hydrothermal liquefaction of cattle manure to bio-oil : Effects of conversion parameters on bio-oil yield and characterization of bio-oil ». Bioresource Technology 101, n^o 10 (mai 2010) : 3657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.058.

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Yahaya, Haryanti, Rozzeta Dollah, Norsahika Mohd Basir, Rohit Karnik et Halimaton Hamdan. « Conversion of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Biomass to Bio-Oil and Jet Bio-Fuel by Catalytic Fast-Pyrolysis Process ». ASM Science Journal 14 (1 avril 2021) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2020.508.

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Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) biomass is a potential source of renewable energy. Catalytic fast-pyrolysis batch process was initially performed to convert oil palm EFB into bio-oil, followed by its refinement to jet bio-fuel. Crystalline zeolites A and Y; synthesised from rice husk ash (RHA), were applied as heterogeneous catalysts. The catalytic conversion of oil palm EFB to bio-oil was conducted at a temperature range of 320-400°C with zeolite A catalyst loadings of 0.6 - 3.0 wt%. The zeolite catalysts were characterised by XRD, FTIR and FESEM. The bio-oil and jet bio-fuel products were analysed using GC-MS and FTIR. The batch fast-pyrolysis reaction was optimised at 400°C with a catalyst loading of 1.0 wt%, produced 42.7 wt% yields of liquid bio-oil, 35.4 wt% char and 21.9 wt% gaseous products. Analysis by GCMS indicates the compound distribution of the liquid bio-oil are as follows: hydrocarbons (23%), phenols (61%), carboxylic acids (0.7%), ketones (2.7%), FAME (7.7%) and alcohols (0.8%). Further refinement of the liquid bio-oil by catalytic hydrocracking over zeolite Y produced jet bio-fuel, which contains 63% hydrocarbon compounds (C8-C18) and 16% of phenolic compounds.

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Al Ichsan, Gesyth Mutiara Hikhmah, Khoirina Dwi Nugrahaningtiyas, Dian Maruto Widjonarko, Fitria Rahmawati et Witri Wahyu Lestari. « Conversion of Wood Waste to be a Source of Alternative Liquid Fuel Using Low Temperature Pyrolysis Method ». Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 22, n^o 1 (23 janvier 2019) : 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.1.7-10.

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Conversion of wood waste into bio-oil with low temperature pyrolysis method has been successfully carried out using tubular transport reactors. Pyrolysis carried out at temperatures of 250-300°C without using N2 gas. Bio-oil purified by a fractionation distillation method to remove water and light fraction compounds. The materials obtained from different types of wood waste, namely: Randu wood (Ceiba pentandra), Sengon wood (Paraserianthes falcataria), Coconut wood (Cocos nucifera), Bangkirei wood (Shorea laevis Ridl), Kruing wood (Dipterocarpus) and Meranti wood (Shorea leprosula). Bio-oil products are analyzed for their properties and characteristics, namely the nature of density, acidity, high heat value (HHV), and elements contained in bio-oil such as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur content based on SNI procedures, while bio-oil chemical compositions are investigated using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). The maximum yield of bio-oil products occurs at 300°C by 40%. Bio-oil purification by fractional distillation method can produce purity of 16-31% wt. The characterization results of the chemical content of bio-oil showed that bio-oil of methyl formate, 2,6-dimetoxy phenol, 1,2,3 trimethoxy benzene, levoglucosan, 2,4-hexadienedioic acid and 1,2- benzenediol.

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Saleh, Abu, Hasanuzzaman M., Cassidy H., Dayang S. H. et Shahril M. « An Exploration of Modified Microwave-assisted Rapid Hydrothermal Liquefaction Process for Conversion of Palm Kernel Shells to Bio-oil ». International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 8, n^o 2 (1 avril 2023) : 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.07.02.2023.02.

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Bio-oil is one of the potential resources to address the sustainable energy development and environmental issues. Microwave-assisted Rapid Hydrothermal Liquefaction Process is one of the popular techniques that is used to extract bio-oil from biomass. In this paper, the bio-oil has been extracted from Palm Kernel Shells by using microwave-assisted and conventional heating pyrolysis processes. A modified heating mantle apparatus are used to conduct the experiment for extracting the bio-oil. The experiments are conducted by varying the hydrothermal temperature and time for both techniques to achieve the conversion of the bio-oil from the raw material. It is found that the yield of bio-oil for microwave-assisted Rapid Hydrothermal Liquefaction Process at 350°C and 400°C are from 10.70 wt% to 25.60 wt% within hydrothermal time 6, 9 and 12 minutes. The pH value of the bio-oil is acidic with the range from 3 to 4. The calorific value of the bio-oil is varied from 24 to 26 MJ/kg for both conversion methods. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) result reveals that multiple functional groups (alcohol, aldehydes, carboxylic acid and ketones) are present in the PKS bio-oil.

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Panwar, Narayan Lal, et Arjun Sanjay Paul. « An overview of recent development in bio-oil upgrading and separation techniques ». Environmental Engineering Research 26, n^o 5 (11 octobre 2020) : 200382–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2020.382.

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Bio-oil produced from the fast pyrolysis/hydrothermal liquefaction is gaining popularity worldwide as the forerunner to replace fossil fuel. The bio-oil can be produced from agricultural waste, forest residue, and urban organic waste. It is also called pyrolysis oil, renewable fuel, and has the potential to be used as fuel in many applications. The application of bio-oil as transportation fuel helps to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and to keep up the ecological balance. The bio-oil has the heating value of nearly half of the diesel fuel i.e. 16-19 MJ/kg; but, the inferior properties such as high water content, high viscosity, low pH, and poor stability hinder bio-oil application as a fuel. Thus, this paper provides a detailed review of bio-oil properties, its limitations and focuses on the recent development of different upgrading and separation techniques, used to date for the improvement of the bio-oil quality. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of each upgrading method along with the application and environmental impact of bio-oil are also discussed in this article.

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Munarwan, Edi. « KARAKTERISTIK BIO-OIL HASIL PIROLISIS LIMBAH BREM DENGAN VARIASI TEMPERATUR ». JTT (Jurnal Teknologi Terpadu) 7, n^o 1 (21 mai 2019) : 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32487/jtt.v7i1.552.

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Abstract The increasing number of automotive technology and vehicle cause using fossil fuel also rises. So it is needed alternative fuel as replacement or mixing of the fuel, for keeping the existence so that the crisis of fuel will not happen. Bio-oil is a product resulted from pyrolisis which can be used as solar fuel mixing. Bio-oil is a obtained from brem waste which is processed with pyrolisis technique. Pyrolisis is a substance burning process in high temperature without using oxygen. In this research is using 250oC, 350oC, 450oC and 550oC temperature variation which need 3 hours of time and mass 500 grams. The Bio-oil which is produced by pyrolisis is combined by solar and tested to determine the characteristic. The first trial is done to earn the volume pyrolisis result from each temperature. The second trial uses ASTM D 445-12 method to earn viscosity in 40oC temperature and ASTM D 93-12 method to get flash point. The result of the trial shows the highest volume is earned from 5500C temperature which produce bio-oil around 254 ml. The trial result of 5% bio-oil combination from every temperature is earned the best result from 450oC temperature, while the optimal mixing percentage bio-oil with solar is earned the highest viscosity inmixture of 15% bio-oil which 85% solar around 4,779 mm2/s and the highest flash point is earned from mixture of 5% bio-oil which 95% solar around 61oC. Keywords : bio-oil, pyrolysis, flash point, viscosity AbstrakPeningkatan teknologi otomotif dan jumlah kendaraan yang meningkat menyebabkan penggunaan bahan bakar fosil semakin meningkat. Maka dibutuhkan bakan bakar alternatif sebagai pengganti atau campuran bahan bakar, untuk menjaga agar tidak terjadi krisis bahan bakar. Bio-oil merupakan salah satu produk hasil pirolisis yang dapat digunakan sebagai campuran bahan bakar solar. Bio-oil diperoleh dari limbah brem yang diproses dengan cara pirolisis. Pirolisis merupakan proses pembakaran suatu bahan pada suhu tinggi tanpa oksigen. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan variasi temperatur 250oC, 350oC, 450oC dan 550oC dengan waktu 3 jam dan massa 500 gram. Bio-oil hasil pirolisis divariasikan dengan solar dan diuji untuk mengetahui karakteristiknya. Pengujian pertama dilakukan untuk mendapatkan volume hasil pirolisis dari tiap temperatur. Pengujian kedua menggunakan metode ASTM D 445-12 untuk mendapatkan viskositas pada suhu 40oC dan metode ASTM D 93-12 untuk mendapatkan titik nyala. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan volume tertinggi diperoleh dari temperatur 5500C menghasilkan bio-oil sebanyak 254 ml. Hasil pengujian variasi campuran 5% bio-oil dari tiap temperatur diperoleh hasil yang terbaik yaitu dari temperatur 4500C, sedangkan persentase campuran yang optimal bio-oil dengan solar diperoleh viskositas tertinggi pada campuran 15% bio-oil dengan 85% solar sebesar 4,779 mm2/s dan titik nyala tertinggi diperoleh dari campuran 5% bio-oil dengan 95% solar sebesar 61oC Kata Kunci: : bio-oil, pirolisis, titik nyala, viskositas

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Barros, António André Chivanga, Paulo Francisco, Arleth Prata Serafim Francisco et Adriano da Silva Mateus. « Plug flow reactor (PFR) to palm oil (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) thermal cracking ». STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 3, n^o 4 (29 novembre 2022) : 719–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv3n4-011.

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Given the need to develop and implement alternative renewable energy sources, this research was focused on using palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) as a raw material for biofuel production. A bench-scale plug flow reactor was designed and built and it was then used to carry out the thermal cracking experiments aimed at bio-oil production. For each experiment, the bio-oil products were characterized according to the acid value, refraction index, viscosity, and density and distillation curve. The results obtained from each experiment were compared with those for crude oil in order to identify the operation conditions that provide the best quality bio-oil. The bio-oil from each experiment was then fractionated using a distillation column, to produce bio-gasoline, bio-kerosene and green diesel. The distillation products were also characterized, based on the same properties evaluated for the bio-oil, and the results were compared with those for gasoline and diesel fuels. The results of this study show that it is possible to produce a bio-fuel based on bio-oil obtained from the thermal cracking of palm oil using a plug flow reactor, and the product is similar to crude oil, with the exception of the acid index value. With regard to the distillation curve, when compared with those for crude oil (Hungo and Cabinda blends) and its derivatives, good approximations are observed. The thermal cracking of palm oil can therefore be used as a technological strategy to obtain bio-oil and its derivatives and thereby reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels.

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Supramono, Dijan, Fianna Utomo, Setiadi et Mohammad Nasikin. « Co-pyrolysis of corn cobs and polypropylene for production of biofuel similar to gasoline at low heating rate ». E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018) : 02029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186702029.

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Co-pyrolysis between corncobs and polypropylene has a synergetic effect that transforms part of polar fraction of bio-oil into non-polar fraction containing non-oxygenate compounds as precursor for synthesis of bio-fuel. In the present work, pyrolysis of the nonpolar fraction of bio-oil was led to produce bio-oil with viscosity similar to that of gasoline and contained non-oxygenated compounds. The pyrolysis was carried out in 2 stages, where the first-stage was co-pyrolysis to produce non-polar bio-oil and the second-stage was pyrolysis of non-polar fraction from the first stage to reduce its viscosity similar to that of gasoline. The first and second-stage pyrolysis was carried out in a stirred tank reactor at heating rate of 5˚C/min using nitrogen as carrier gas with the second-stage pyrolysis final temperature varied. The resulting bio-oil product was characterized by FT-IR, GC-MS, H-NMR, viscometer and LC-MS. The results show that bio-oil viscosity and yield of the second-stage pyrolysis heavily depended on its final temperature, in which the higher the temperature, the higher was the viscosity, yet the higher was the bio-oil yield. Final temperature of 300°C was the optimal one for obtaining bio-oil similar to gasoline regarding its close viscosity despite of low yield of bio-oil. Pyrolysis of bio-oil may be performed coinciding with attempting of reducing branching index to reduce its viscosity.

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Seo, Hyoung-Ju, Ha-na Kim et Eui-Chan Jeon. « Economic effects of the liquid biofuel industry in South Korea using input–output analysis ». Energy & ; Environment 31, n^o 3 (10 septembre 2019) : 424–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19874317.

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Bio-energy is a research field that is of worldwide interest. South Korea, which imports all of its heavy fuel oil for consumption, passed a new law allowing bio-heavy oil made from animal fat, by-product of biodiesel processes, palm oil, and other leftover oil to be used to generate electricity in place of heavy fuel oil. As there is lack of policy research with respect to liquid biofuels, the purpose of this study is to define the bio-heavy oil industry in South Korea and to investigate the economic effects of bio-heavy oil. An input–output analysis model was used and demonstrated that the production-, value-added-, import-, and employment-induced effects of the bio-heavy oil industry were larger than those induced by the heavy fuel oil industry. As the import of fuel by the heavy fuel oil industry was greater than the bio-heavy oil industry, the import substitution effect of the bio-heavy oil industry was found to be greater. This resulted in a positive value for the net-induced effect of the bio-heavy oil industry. When considering the global concern with respect to the development and expansion of biofuel feedstock, this study shows the possibility of transforming heavy fuel oil plants distributed around the world into renewable energy sources.

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Alias, Amirah Farhana, Zulfan Adi Putra, M. Roil Bilad, M. Dzul Hakim Wirzal et Nik Abdul Hadi M Nordin. « SIMULATION OF CO-PROCESSING BIO-OIL AND VGO IN FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING UNITS ». Platform : A Journal of Engineering 4, n^o 1 (28 février 2020) : 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.61762/pajevol4iss1art6741.

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Biofuel is a promising substitute for fossil fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to provide highly sustainable fuels. Several technical challenges are indeed present during upgrading bio-oil to transportation fuel on a large scale. Co-processing bio-oil with some petroleum fractions in existing refineries serves as an alternative method to minimise processing costs. This paper aims to evaluate the co-processing by exploring the effects of temperature, bio-oil ratios and types of bio-oil to the product yields and quality in a Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) unit within a refinery complex. The considered bio-oil are produced from pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) and Empty Fruit bunch (EFB). The results show that bio-oil from PKS is better suited to produce gasoline due to its aromatic nature and its carbon range similarities compared to that from EFB. A mixture of 20% of hydrodeoxygenated (HDO) PKS in vacuum gas oil (VGO) shows a 5% improvement of naphtha yield while 20% raw bio-oil from PKS produces 4% increase in light cycle oil (LCO) yield. Keywords: co-processing, fluid catalytic cracking, bio-oil, palm kernel shell, empty fruit bunch, simulation

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Wang, Bing, Rui Xiao et Huiyan Zhang. « An Overview of Bio-oil Upgrading with High Hydrogen-containing Feedstocks to Produce Transportation Fuels : Chemistry, Catalysts, and Engineering ». Current Organic Chemistry 23, n^o 7 (16 juillet 2019) : 746–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272823666190405145007.

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As an alternative to increasingly depleted traditional petroleum fuel, bio-oil has many advantages: high energy density, flexibility, easy storage and transportation. Nevertheless, bio-oil also presents some unwanted characteristics such as high viscosity, acidity, oxygen content and chemical instability. The process of bio-oil upgrading is necessary before utilization as transportation fuels. In addition, the bio-oil has low effective hydrogen/ carbon molar ratio (H/Ceff) which may lead to coke formation and hence deactivation of the catalyst during the upgrading process. Therefore, it seemed that co-refining of biooil with other higher hydrogen-containing feedstocks is necessary. This paper provides a broad review of the bio-oil upgrading with high hydrogen-containing feedstocks to produce transportation fuels: chemistry, catalyst, and engineering research aspects were discussed. The different thermochemical conversion routes to produce bio-oil and its physical-chemical properties are discussed firstly. Then the bio-oil upgrading research using traditional technologies and common catalysts that emerged in recent years are briefly reviewed. Furthermore, the applications of high H/Ceff feedstock to produce high-quality of bio-oil are also discussed. Moreover, the emphasis is placed on co-refining technologies to produce transportation fuels. The processes of co-refining bio-oil and vacuum gas oil in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit for transportation fuels from laboratory scale to pilot scale are also covered in this review. Co-refining technology makes it possible for commercial applications of bio-oil. Finally, some suggestions and prospects are put forward.

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Hong, Chen, Zhiqiang Wang, Yanxiao Si, Yi Xing, Jian Yang, Lihui Feng, Yijie Wang, Jiashuo Hu, Zaixing Li et Yifei Li. « Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Penicillin Residue for the Production of Bio-Oil over Different Homogeneous/Heterogeneous Catalysts ». Catalysts 11, n^o 7 (15 juillet 2021) : 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070849.

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In this study, penicillin residue (PR) was used to prepare bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction. The effects of homogeneous (organic acid and alkaline catalysts) and heterogeneous catalysts (zeolite molecular sieve) on the yield and properties of bio-oil were investigated. The results show that there are significant differences in the catalytic performance of the catalysts. The effect of homogeneous catalysts on the bio-oil yield was not significant, which only increased from 26.09 (no catalysts) to 31.44 wt.% (Na2CO3, 8 wt.%). In contrast, heterogeneous catalysts had a more obvious effect, and the oil yield reached 36.44 wt.% after adding 5 wt.% MCM-48. Increasing the amount of catalyst enhanced the yield of bio-oil, but excessive amounts of catalyst led to a secondary cracking reaction, resulting in a reduction in bio-oil. Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction reduced the contents of heteroatoms (oxygen, mainly), slightly increased the contents of C and H in the bio-oil and increased the higher heating value (HHV) and energy recovery (ER) of bio-oil. FTIR and GC-MS analyses showed that the addition of catalysts was beneficial in increasing hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing hydrocarbons in bio-oil and reducing the proportion of nitrogen-containing substances. Comprehensive analyses of the distribution of aromatic, nitrogen-containing and oxygen-containing components in bio-oil were also performed. This work is beneficial for further research on the preparation of bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction of antibiotic fermentation residue.

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Asof, Marwan, Susila Arita et Winny Andalia. « Comparison Effect of Pyrolysis of Eucalyptus Pellita Bark and Empty Fruit Bunches of Oil Palm to Bio-Oil ». Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & ; Lingkungan 18, n^o 2 (24 novembre 2023) : 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v18i2.32247.

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The use of eucalyptus pelitta (EP) biomass waste and empty fruit bunch of oil palm(EFB) as raw materials for bio-oil is expected to overcome the existing solid waste problems, reduce pollution due to air pollution, and can produce gas and bio-oil which have potential. as new and renewable energy. This study aims to determine the effect of the type of raw material and temperature regulation on the results of pyrolysis products and the characteristics of the resulting bio-oil. The set temperatures used were 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, and 500°C with the raw materials being Eucalyptus pellita (EP) bark biomass and empty fruit bunches of oil palm (EFB). Pyrolysis that occurs with the equipment configuration used a heating rate of 7-14°C/minute, where the main reaction of pyrolysis occurs at a temperature of 150°C to 270°C so that the set temperature does not have a large effect on the yield or characteristics of bio-oil. EP pyrolysis produced an average bio-oil yield of 41.64%, while EFB pyrolysis produced an average bio-oil yield of 46.72%. Bio-oil produced by pyrolysis of EP has a characteristic average value for density of 1.062362 gr/mL, viscosity of 2.1749 cP, and pH 2-3. Meanwhile, bio-oil produced by pyrolysis of EFB has a characteristic average value for density of 1.043146 gr/mL, viscosity of 1.3582 cP, and pH 3-4. EP bio-oil has a composition of C7-C10 carbon, while EFB bio-oil has a composition of C6-C19 carbon.

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Kadarwati, Sri, Riska Nurfirda Annisa et Evalisa Apriliani. « ZEOLIT ALAM INDONESIA SEBAGAI KANDIDAT KATALIS ASAM PADAT YANG UNGGUL UNTUK PROSES UPGRADING BIO-OIL MELALUI TEKNIK ESTERIFIKASI ». Inovasi Kimia, n^o 1 (18 mai 2022) : 88–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ik.v1i1.63.

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Isu lingkungan dan ketersedian bahan bakar berbasis fosil yang semakin menipis mendorong upaya-upaya eksplorasi sumbersumber energi baru terbarukan yang bersifat lebih ramah lingkungan. Biomassa sebagai salah satu sumber energi terbarukan sangat potensial untuk dieksplorasi dan dikonversi menjadi bahan bakar cair melalui proses pirolisis menjadi bio-oil. Namun sayangnya, bio-oil tidak dapat langsung digunakan sebagai bahan bakar mesin berteknologi tinggi, seperti mesin kendaraan bermotor, diantaranya karena keasamannya yang tinggi, bersifat tidak stabil dan nilai kalor yang rendah. Upaya peningkatan kualitas bio-oil terus diteliti dan dikembangkan. Beberapa proses upgrading bio-oil seperti pembentukan emulsi dan penambahan pelarut, hydrocracking, hydrotreatment, steam reforming, dan reaksi dalam supercritical fluids telah diteliti dan dikembangkan. Esterifikasi merupakan salah satu teknik upgrading bio-oil yang sederhana, murah dan cukup efektif untuk meningkatkan kualitas bio-oil. Pada bab ini, upgrading bio-oil melalui teknik esterifikasi katalitik didiskusikan secara rinci. Beberapa katalis baik homogen maupun heterogen yang digunakan dalam proses esterifikasi biooil baik bio-oil riil maupun senyawa-senyawa model juga dijelaskan. Selain itu, penggunaan katalis berbasis zeolit yang terfokus pada zeolit alam Indonesia dikaji potensi dan keunggulannya secara mendalam.

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Asafu-Adjaye, Osei Asibe, Jason Street, Archana Bansode, Maria L. Auad, Maria Soledad Peresin, Sushil Adhikari, Terry Liles et Brian K. Via. « Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil-Based Epoxy as an Adhesive in Oriented Strand Board Production ». Polymers 14, n^o 6 (19 mars 2022) : 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061244.

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The objectives of this study were to utilize bio-oil-based epoxy resin in oriented strand board (OSB) production and investigate the effect of bio-oil substitution in epoxy resin as an adhesive for OSB production. Bio-oil was produced by the fast pyrolysis (FP) process using southern yellow pine (Pinus spp.). Bio-oil-based epoxy resin was synthesized by the modification of epoxy resin with FP bio-oil at various substitution levels. Acetone extraction using a Soxhlet process indicated a superior cured reaction of bio-oil and epoxy resin at 20% bio-oil substitution. FTIR spectra corroborated the Soxhlet extraction with the removal of the epoxide peak signature within the cross-linked polymer. Images from the scanning electron microscopy suggested bulk phase homogeneity. OSB panels were tested according to ASTM D1037-12. The modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond strength, and water resistance (thickness swell and water absorption) properties of the OSB panels were feasible at bio-oil substitution up to 30% in the epoxy resin system.

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Zeng, Peng, Ying-Hong Xu et Ming-Fei Li. « Catalytic reductive depolymerization of corncob lignin to produce bio-oil via formic acid/ethanol system ». BioResources 18, n^o 1 (30 janvier 2023) : 2083–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.1.2083-2099.

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Formic acid (FA) was used for reductive depolymerization of industrial corncob lignin via ethanol and Pt/C system. The highest yield of bio-oil obtained was 71.4% when the reaction was conducted at 260 °C with an FA/lignin ratio of 8 for 0.5 h. The bio-oil was composed of oligomers (Mw within 600 Da) and lignin depolymerized fragments (Mw beyond 600 Da). Reaction temperature was the most important factor affecting the properties of bio-oil. Although excessive temperature could increase the C/H ratio and higher heating value (HHV) of bio-oil, it would lead to repolymerization of lignin degraded fragments, thus resulting in a higher molecular weight of bio-oil. Additionally, alkylphenols were major products in bio-oil, and the amount of alkyl phenols could be increased by increasing the temperature and extending the retention time appropriately. This study reveals the effects of various reaction conditions on the yield and properties of bio-oil, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent upgrading of bio-oil to biofuels and aromatic chemicals.

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Liao, Hang Tao, Xiao Ning Ye, Qiang Lu et Chang Qing Dong. « Overview of Bio-Oil Upgrading via Catalytic Cracking ». Advanced Materials Research 827 (octobre 2013) : 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.827.25.

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Fast pyrolysis of biomass to produce bio-oil is an important technology to utilize lignocellulosic biomass, because the liquid bio-oil is regarded as a promising candidate of petroleum fuels. However, bio-oil is a low-grade liquid fuel, and required to be upgraded before it can be directly utilized in existing thermal devices. Catalytic cracking is an effective way to upgrade bio-oil, which can be performed either on the liquid bio-oil or the pyrolysis vapors. Various catalysts have been prepared and used for catalytic cracking, and they exhibited different catalytic capabilities. This paper will review the recent progress of the catalytic cracking of liquid bio-oil or pyrolysis vapors.

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Yang, Tianyuan, Meizhu Chen, Xinxing Zhou et Jun Xie. « Evaluation of Thermal-Mechanical Properties of Bio-Oil Regenerated Aged Asphalt ». Materials 11, n^o 11 (8 novembre 2018) : 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112224.

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Different proportions of bio-oil (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were added into aged asphalt for its regeneration. Molecular dynamic simulations were used to measure the thermal and mechanical performances of bio-oil regenerated aged asphalt (BRAA). A new, simplified BRAA model was built to calculate the specific heat capacity, thermal expansion coefficient, elastic constant, shear modulus, bulk modulus, and Young’s modulus. Simulation results showed that the thermal expansion coefficient (CTE α) of asphalt at 298 K decreased by 10% after aging. Bio-oil of 5 wt% could make the CTE α restore to the original level of base asphalt, while the addition of bio-oil would further decrease the specific heat capacity of aged asphalt. The shear modulus (G), Young’s modulus (K) and bulk modulus (E) of asphalt increased after aging and decreased with the increasing amount of bio-oil. According to the calculated E/G value, the ductility of aged asphalt increased by 6.0% with the addition of 10 wt% bio-oil, while over 15 wt% bio-oil would make the ductility of BRAA decrease. In summary, the regeneration effects of bio-oil to the thermal expansion coefficient, flexibility, and ductility of aged asphalt had been proven, while excessive bio-oil would decrease the thermal stability of asphalt.

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Banik, SK, T. Rabeya, M. Hasan, D. Saha et MS Islam. « Bio-lubricating base oil from castor oil (Ricinous communus) ». Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 57, n^o 1 (30 mars 2022) : 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v57i1.58895.

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Production and characterization of bio lubricating base oil from non-edible castor seed oil has been studied. Castor oil was extracted from castor seed by solvent extraction method. KOH catalyzed transesterification process was used to produce bio-lubricating oil. Ethanol was used as alcohol in the transesterification process. Optimum condition for bio-lubricating base oil production was 40% ethanol, 0.45% KOH at 75oC for reaction time of 90 min. and the yield was 98%. Important properties of produced bio-lubricating oil like acid value (0.58 mg KOH/g), flash point (235oC), density (0.890 g/cc), pour point (-15oC) and viscosity (131.90 and 16.5 cSt at 40 and 100 oC respectively) etc. were analyzed. The properties were found to be analogues to conventional commercial lubricating oil. This renewable base oil from castor seed could be an attractive and environment friendly alternative to base oil from petroleum sources. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 57(1), 7-14, 2022

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Haniif Prasetiawan, Dewi Selvia Fardhyanti, Widya Fatrisari et Hadiyanto Hadiyanto. « Preliminary Study on The Bio-Oil Production from Multi Feed-Stock Biomass Waste via Fast Pyrolysis Process ». Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 103, n^o 2 (23 mars 2023) : 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.103.2.216227.

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Biomass is a good resource for renewable energy. Biomass can be converted into bio-fuel (bio-oil) through a catalytic fast pyrolysis process. Previous studies only used single feedstock biomass as raw material for bio-oil production. In this study, bio-oil production is based on a multi-feedstock biomass waste consisting of rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, and palm oil empty fruit bunch. The mixture of biomass waste as a raw material is expected to enhance the yield and quality of the bio-oil produced. This study aimed to investigate the bio-oil products obtained from catalytic pyrolysis of the biomass waste mixture. Mixture Design from Design Expert was used to study the effect of biomass composition on the bio-oil products. Each biomass, i.e., rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, and palm oil empty fruit bunch, was previously chopped and sieved into a uniform 60 mesh. The pyrolysis process was conducted at 500°C with an N2 flow rate of 3 L min-1. The mixture of biomass waste husks contains more phenolic compounds than single-feedstock. The chemical characterization also showed that the multi-feedstock bio-oil compound was dominated by aldehydes, esters, and phenolic compounds.

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Song, Xuyan, Min Wei, Qiang Gao, Xi Pan, Junpeng Yang, Fan Wu et Hongyun Hu. « Influence of Phenethyl Acetate and Naphthalene Addition before and after Pyrolysis on the Quantitative Analysis of Bio-Oil ». Energies 13, n^o 23 (25 novembre 2020) : 6202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236202.

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The condensation-collection and quantitative analysis of bio-oil limit its component investigation and utilization. In order to find a convenient method for the analysis of bio-oil, the present study conducted an attempt for bio-oil quantitative analysis with the addition of internal standards before pyrolysis. Based on their good thermal stability, phenethyl acetate and naphthalene were selected as standards in the study and experiments were carried out to compare the effects of two added modes (adding into the biowaste before pyrolysis or adding into bio-oil after pyrolysis) on the bio-oil analysis. The results showed that both phenethyl acetate and naphthalene were mainly volatilized under testing conditions, which could be transferred into the oil with the volatile matters during biowaste pyrolysis. Through the co-pyrolysis experiments of the internal standards with lignin and cellulose, almost no interactions were found between the internal standards and such components. Furthermore, adding these standards before pyrolysis hardly affected the properties of noncondensable gas and biochar from the used biowaste samples (tobacco and sawdust waste). Compared with the bio-oil analysis results via traditional methods by adding standards into the bio-oil after pyrolysis, the results regarding the component distribution characteristics of the bio-oil were similar using the proposed method through the addition of standards before pyrolysis. Considering adequate mixing of the added standards (before pyrolysis) in the generated bio-oil, the proposed method could partly help to avoid inaccurate analysis of bio-oil components caused by incomplete collection of the pyrolytic volatiles.

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Lu, Ying, Dazhi Li, Xianai Huang, Donald Picard, Roozbeh Mollaabbasi, Thierry Ollevier et Houshang Alamdari. « Synthesis and Characterization of Bio-pitch from Bio-oil ». ACS Sustainable Chemistry & ; Engineering 8, n^o 31 (9 juillet 2020) : 11772–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c03903.

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Wei, Huan Huan, Yun Long Liu et Dong Yu Chen. « Analysis of Corn Straw Pyrolysis Bio-Oil Composition ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 737 (mars 2015) : 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.14.

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The fast pyrolysis of corn straw in the fluidized bed reactor to produce bio-oil, the preliminary qualitative research on the composition of the bio-oil was analyzed by GC-MS to provide the basis for their purification, refining and long-term stability studies. The result shows that: the bio-oil producted by corn straw pyrolysis contains 66 components, mainly containing phenol, furan, acetic acid, propanoic acid, ethanone, vanillin, aldehyde, bio-oil water content is 33% and pH is 3.1, which has a great significance to improve the quality of bio-oil.

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Wang, Xinyun, Chuan Li, Mingqiang Chen et Jun Wang. « Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of seaweed biomass for aromatics-containing bio-oil production ». E3S Web of Conferences 261 (2021) : 02045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126102045.

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Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of seaweed biomass was conducted using a microwave pyrolysis system. The product yields were determined and the components of bio-oil were analyzed by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed that as the pyrolysis temperature increased from 400 °C to 600 °C, the gas yield increased and the bio-char yield decreased. However, the bio-oil yield rose firstly and then reduced. The maximal bio-oil yield was 18.4 wt.% when pyrolysis temperature was 500 °C. The bio-oil obtained is a mixture of very complex organic compounds, mainly consisting of aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, phenols, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrogencontaining compounds. The relative content of aromatics in bio-oil accounted for about 16%. The above results reveal that microwave-assisted pyrolysis of seaweed biomass is a feasible method to produce aromatics-containing bio-oil.

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