Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Bottom-up bias effect »

Marina Frolova-Walker’s Stalin Music Prize (2016) is one in a series of revisionist studies of Soviet musical culture showing it to be more “bottom-up” and less “top-down” than Cold War propagandists like Nabokov had imagined. As in the United States, an effort was made to popularize classical music. While heavy-handed, it was on balance at least as meritorious as the U.S. “music appreciation” movement, which suffered from commercialization and a Eurocentric bias. The Soviet emphasis on “praxis” was also notable. In sum, the Soviet classical music scene was riper and more integrated than the American, notwithstanding its dogma and abuses. The odyssey of Aaron Copland, whose efforts to “serve the state” musically resulted in a Red Scare backlash, casts further perspective on the US-Soviet juxtaposition.

The primary object of this chapter is to discuss the morals and difficulties we would face while dealing with the unprecedented situation of another sentient coexisting on Earth with us and focus on explainable AI tools and frameworks to comprehend better and analyze the predictions that machine learning models can make. Develop AI systems and inclusive from the bottom up using tools that can help identify and fix bias, drift, and other data and model deficiencies. Data scientists may modify datasets or model designs and debug model performance using AI Explanations in Auto ML Tables, Vertex AI predictions, and Notebooks. Users gain confidence and improve transparency and ease of understanding of the patterns identified in the data represented by the machine learning model by explanation. Simplify training and evaluation monitoring to better control and manage machine learning models within the company. It tracks a few of the predictions made by the models for Vertex AI. It tracks some of the forecasts our models provide on Vertex AI. As a result of technological advancements, AI is starting to play a more significant role in the healthcare industry. However, substantial drawbacks in this area prevent AI from incorporating into the existing healthcare systems. Artificial intelligence (AI) works in a “black box,” making it difficult to grasp the model's inner workings due to its complexity. As a result, specialists need in the healthcare industry to understand how AI generates results. Additionally, the authors focus specifically on one of the difficulties the humanities will face in coexisting with AI: the effects of AI decisions that no human can comprehend and its advances in healthcare applications across a more comprehensive-broader range of clinical queries.

Ming Yan of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, optimized (Synlett 2010, 266) the organocatalyzed addition of 2 to a cyclic enone 1, establishing the cyclopropane 3 with high diastereo- and enantiocontrol. Benjamin List of the Max-Planck-Institut Mülheim devised (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 4136) an organocatalyst for the enantioselective methanolysis of the anhydride 4. Other ring sizes worked as well. Hisashi Yamamoto of the University of Chicago reported (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 2476) the organocatalyzed addition of the ketone silyl enol ether 6 to the aldehyde 7, to give the syn aldol product 8 in high ee. Gang Zhao of the University of Science and Technology, Hefei, established (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 4467) an organocatalyst for the enantioselective addition of the allene ester 10 to 9. Marcus A. Tius of the University of Hawaii uncovered (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 8266) conditions for the enantioselective Nazarov cyclization of 12 to 13. Karl A. Scheidt of Northwestern University devised (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 2830) an easily scaled protocol for the cyclization of the prochiral diketone 14 to the β-lactone 15. Thermolysis then converted 15 to the corresponding cyclopentene. Yixin Lu of the National University of Singapore showed (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 2278) that the simple combination of commercial cinchonidine with (+)-camphorsulfonic acid gave a catalyst that effected the room-temperature conjugate addition of 16 to 1. Hiyoshizo Kotsuki of Kochi University combined (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 1616) 1,2-diaminocyclohexane with cyclohexane-1,2-bis carboxylate to give a similarly simple catalyst system, that effected Robinson annulation of 18 to 20. Binding an organocatalyst to a polymer simplifies recovery and reuse. Tore Hansen of the University of Oslo reported (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75 , 1620) a bottom-up approach to such polymer-bound catalysts. The bound proline worked well for the condensation of 21 with 22. The corresponding polymeric diphenyl OTMS (Jørgensen-Hayashi) catalyst was sluggish, but it effected the three-component coupling of 24, 25, and 26 in high ee. Two cascade cyclizations warrant particular mention. The racemic cyclization of 28 is expected to be facile in the presence of HCl.

Abstract Drilling through hard crystalline rocks like granites is challenging and taxing on the overall performance due to reduced rate of penetration (ROP). While efforts have been made in improving polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bits to increase ROP in hard rocks, the evidence of their field performance is currently restricted to only a few sites. There exists scope for alternative drilling technology where a significant fraction of hard rocks are present, such as in deep geothermal wells for electricity generation. In the ORCHYD project, two mature technologies – high pressure water

Abstract Nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents can cause severe effects. In order to ensure the normal operation of NPP, instrument and control system (I&C) composed of multiple sensors plays an important role in it. The sensor consists of sensitive components and functional circuits. In this paper, temperature sensor commonly used in NPP, PT100, is used as an example, and a bottom-up based physical analysis method is used to review the degradation mechanism and physical model of key components in resistance temperature detector (RTD) circuits. Resistors, capacitors, and MOSFETs are the key

Abstract Drilling operations in the US Permian Basin shale play with a new 4-¾" Rotary-Steerable Drilling System (RSS) revealed that with high Rates Of Penetration (ROP), high Weight On Bit (WOB) (and other drilling parameters) encountering stringers or interbedded formations can lead to unwanted effects. The Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) can be deflected before the steering unit with its steering pads can counteract the deflection. This can lead to deviations from the directional plan and High Local Doglegs (HLD) when drilling in the horizontal/lateral section, which can have a negative impact o

Abstract The paper presents a solution to the problem of qualitative determination of actual downhole loads and drilling parameters optimization performed employing a dynamic digital well model. The problem of the surface and downhole sensors data quality is disclosed, a solution for an aggregated data QAQC and achieved results are presented. The implementation of the digital platform and the functionality of the dynamic digital twin allowed us to improve the compliance with desired regimes, enabled ensuring the safety of technological operations, allowed us to speed up decision-making while d

Executive Summary This report describes a series of experiments carried out by PRICE Lab, a research programme at the Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) jointly funded by the Central Bank of Ireland, the Commission for Energy Regulation, the Competition and Consumer Protection Commission and the Commission for Communications Regulation. The experiments were conducted with samples of Irish consumers aged 18-70 years and were designed to answer the following general research question: At what point do products become too complex for consumers to choose accurately between the good ones