Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Bruegel, Pieter de Oudere/Landscape with the Fall of Icarus »

AbstractA painting by the Flemish landscapist Paul Bril (Antwerp 1553/4-1626 Rome), which came up at auction in 1992, sheds a fresh light on his earliest development as a painter of cabinet pieces. Correspondences between this painting and a drawing, fresco and etching of 1590 by the same artist suggest that it was painted around 1590. The painting, a Fall of Icarus, bears a remarkable resemblance to a painting by Hans Bol dated 1567. Bol's coastal landscapes, as well as other landscape types, were probably the most important part of Bril's artistic stock-in-trade when he left for Italy in 1574. An insight into Bril's development around 1590 is a significant factor in defining his artistic relationship to noteworthy masters like Lodewijk Toeput and Jan Brueghel the Elder. In view of both Bril's and Brueghel's great influence on later landscapists, it is interesting to examine Bril's contribution to the development of the talented Antwerp artist, his junior by 17 years. The fact that both worked in the same Flemish tradition in the 1590s makes it difficult to establish the extent to which Bril influenced Brueghel or vice versa. Prior to Brueghel's arrival in Rome in 1592 Bril was already painting sophisticated cabinet pieces and had gained a considerable reputation for his pontifical frescoes. Until May 1595, when Brueghel left Rome to work for Federico Borromeo in Milan, his drawings and paintings reflect a rapid development in which Paul Bril may be deemed to have played a part.

Heine Steenhagen erzählt die Geschichte von Aufstieg und Fall eines unehelichen Kindes, das in einem holsteinischen Dorf der Jahrhundertwende, dem fiktiven Vollstedt, aufwächst und als Ausgleich für die in der Jugend erlittenen Demütigungen eine militärische Karriere anstrebt, mit der er es seinem Heimatdorf zeigen will („Ik wöll ju dat woll wiesen!“). Als er beginnt, die Sprossen der sozialen Leiter zu erklimmen, wird sein Jugendfeind Jürgen Grootholm zu einem Hindernis auf dem Weg nach oben. Um ihn zu „überholen“, sich an den Vollstedtern zu rächen und die berechnende Margot Kandelhardt heiraten zu können, denunziert Heinrich Steinhagen den Konkurrenten wegen einer Urlaubsüberschreitung in der Hoffnung, dessen Beförderung zu vereiteln und leitet damit sein eigenes tragisches Ende ein.