Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Campagna di Roma (Italy) »

LA VITA TEATRALE NELLA ROMA REPUBBLICANANell'articolo si esamina la vita teatrale in Italia, in particolare in Campania e nel Lazio dal III secolo a.C. fino alla fine della Repubblica, e si sostiene che tra queste regioni e Roma vi fosse in questo campo uno scambio maggiore di quanto normalmente si creda. Le compagnie che parlavano in greco, osco e latino venivano a Roma, e quelle romane facevano tournées fuori Roma, come dimostra un passo frainteso di Lucilio. La Campania guidava ed influenzava Roma non solo nell'architettura teatrale, ma anche sotto altri aspetti: molti autori ‘Romani’, in particolare Titinio, autore delle togatae ambientate nelle città a sud di Roma, forse non nacquero nella capitale, ma solo vi rappresentarono per la prima volta le loro commedie. Molti attori inoltre, a giudicare dal loro nome, sembrano italiani invece che latini, oppure liberti da padroni che lo erano.

В статье рассматривается история раскопок крупнейшей римской гробницы, а именно мавзолея императора Цезаря Августа. Основное внимание уделяется результатам недавних археологических работ и тому, как они повлияли на представление о памятнике. Гробница первого римского императора в пост-античную эпоху претерпела различные трансформации и неоднократные грабежи, в результате которых сильно пострадала. Памятнику находили практическое применение вплоть до 1930-х гг. За многовековую историю мавзолей использовали как каменоломню, крепость, которую не раз разрушали, виноградник, сад, амфитеатр для корриды, театр и концертный зал. Первые археологические работы на территории памятника проводились уже в XVI в. Именно с них начинается история исследования монумента и результаты, полученные тогда, до сих пор имеют большое значение для науки. На протяжении длительного времени после эпохи Ренессанса объект изучался только периодически, в связи с какими-либо строительными работами, проводившимися на его территории. Работы на памятнике активизируются с начала XX в. Масштабные раскопки состоялись в 1920-30-е гг. Их проведение диктовалось не научными целями: Бенито Муссолини стремился использовать римское наследие в своей пропаганде. Тем не менее, в результате проведенных работ мавзолей был не только освобожден от пост-античных наслоений, но полученные тогда результаты заложили современное представление о памятнике. Интерес к мавзолею возобновляется только через семьдесят лет. Непосредственным толчком было решение реконструировать мавзолей и площадь вокруг него. В результате раскопок, проведенных департаментом культурного наследия столицы Рима, были получены археологические данные, изменяющие взгляд на внешний облик монумента и позволяющие поставить точку в дискуссии по данному вопросу. 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Il Comune di Roma e i suoi Municipi Territorio, comunicazione e mobilitazione La campagna referendaria Municipio per Municipio La partecipazione a Roma nelle elezioni e nei referendum La partecipazione nel referendum del 12-13 giugno

Настоящая работа является первым общим описанием на русском языке двух некрополей Кампокиаро (Кампобассо, Италия) – Виченне и Морионе, датируемых последней третью VII в. – началом VIII в. Культурное содержание некрополей показывает прочные связи с населением центральноазиатского происхождения. Важнейшим признаком некрополей являются захоронения с конем, соответствующие евразийскому кочевому погребальному обряду. Автор поддержал выводы европейских исследователей о том, что с большой долей вероятности некрополи оставлены булгарами дукса–гаштальда Алзеко, зафиксированными Павлом Диаконом в VIII в. на территориях Бояно, Сепино и Изернии. Аналогии некрополей Кампокиаро с погребениями Аварского каганата показывают присутствие в аварском обществе булгар со схожим погребальным обрядом. Из тысяч погребений с конем, оставленных аварским населением, булгарам могла принадлежать большая часть. Авары и булгары составляли основу и правящую верхушку каганата. 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ROBERT MACPHERSON 1814–1872, IL ‘PRIMO’ FOTOGRAFO A ROMAMentre la Roma di Pio IX decadeva verso un periodo di rivoluzioni e povertà, e gli artisti abbandonavano il neoclassicismo per dirigersi verso la nuova capitale dell'arte, Parigi, Robert Macpherson, dall'1851 in poi, riuscì a riprodurre con successo le immagini del passato di Roma e della campagna romana, utilizzando le innovazioni tecnologiche della fotografia e producendo un ultimo vivace resoconto dell'età cosiddetta del ‘Grand Tour’. Considerate le limitazioni della fotografïa nel riprodurre l'ideale piuttosto che il reale, non si trattò di una conquista da poco. Nel descrivere gli inizi della fotografia commerciale in Italia, basata nei quartieri degli artisti della Roma del diciannovesimo secolo, questo articolo traccia la biografia di Macpherson, da Edimburgo al Caffè Greco, compreso i sui numerosi contatti sociali ed occupazioni: come artista, inventore, mercante d'arte, e, per la prima volta, fornisce informazioni su chi effettivamente egli fosse. Il suo uso particolare dei soggetti e delle tecniche fotografïche, che spiega come egli fosse in grado di creare tali cupe e melanconiche immagini romantiche, viene esaminato, sia in relazione a suo iniziale successo internazionale quale fondatore del soggetto della fotografia architettonica che al suo successivo fallimento e povertà.

The authors report the finding of eight individuals of <em>Salamandrina</em> <em>perspicillata</em> (Savi, 1821) with aberrant body colour discovered within a large population of the species in the Natural Reserve “Macchia di Gattaceca and Macchia del Barco” (Campagna Romana, Latium).

Organizing Institutions:<br />INAF – Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Roma – INAF-IAPS, Roma, Italy<br />INTA – Dpt. de Cargas Utiles y Ciencias del Espacio, INTA-DCUCE, Madrid, Spain<br />Czech Republic Academy of Sciences – Astronomical Institute, ASCR-AI, Ondřejov, Czech Republic<br />Czech Technical University, CTU in Prague, Czech Republic<br />Department of Physics, Technion, Haifa, Israel<br />Russian Academy of Sciences – Institute of Astronomy, RAS-IA, Moscow, Russia<br />INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, INAF-OAC, Napoli, Italy<br />Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

POZZI E POLITICA: INTERPRETANDO I FORA DELLE COLONIE NELL'ITALIA REPUBBLICANAL'articolo affronta il rapporto tra Roma e le sue colonie in Italia nel periodo repubblicano attraverso un'analisi dei fora delle colonie e, in particolare, di una serie di pozzi trovati a Cosa, Alba Fucens, Fregellae e Paestum. Le moderne interpretazioni di queste strutture come parte della messa in opera pratica e rituale dei luoghi in cui si tenevano le assemblee popolari viene valutata criticamente e vengono chiariti i problemi metodologici e pratici che riguardano l'applicazione di questa teoria ai resti archeologici. L'esistenza di un modello romano specifico viene messa in discussione, così pure l'applicabilità delle descrizioni antiquarie degli spazi inaugurati (templa) alle strutture coloniali. I pozzi sembrano troppo eterogenei per essere collocati entro un unico modello esplicativo e probabilmente servivano ad un numero vario di attività sia pratiche che rituali.

L'articolo fornisce un quadro breve del progetto di ricerca ‘Linguaggio/lingua, spazio e potere in Italia sin dal 1800’ che sto conducendo alla British School at Rome dal 2006 al 2009, e fornisce esempi tratti da uno dei più completi case studies. Nell'insieme, con questi case studies si esaminano gli intrecci del linguaggio/lingua, dello spazio e del potere in un certo numero di istituzioni e agenzie, inclusi l'esercito, i tribunali e gli ospedali psichiatrici, e in ricerche etnografiche e antropologiche. Il caso qui illustrato è quello della recente immigrazione in Italia e in particolare la verbalizzazione delle relazioni di potere tra ospiti e immigrati, e le rappresentazioni verbali e visive degli immigrati. I due esempi costituiscono eventi che hanno avuto luogo nel campo di detenzione di Regina Pacis in Puglia e le rappresentazioni degli immigrati rumeni a Roma, incluse le giovani donne che lavorano come prostitute.

Memory of the period of political violence known as the anni di piombo continues to form part of the neofascist-antifascist antagonism in contemporary Italy. One of the most notable tragedies from that time occurred in Rome on 16 April 1973, when Stefano and Virgilio Mattei (sons of a local leader of the Movimento Sociale Italiano, MSI) died in an arson attack on the family home. In the wake of the attack, a campaign of misinformation and a failed judicial process created an incorrect but dominant narrative that implicated the MSI in the fire that killed Stefano and Virgilio. This article examines the subsequent construction of a counter-memory by the MSI leadership, who immediately cast the attack as a party tragedy and the deaths as martyrdom. It also considers the subsequent antagonistic approach to remembering adopted by neofascist groups in commemoration of the Mattei brothers following the dissolution of the MSI in 1995, and the ongoing incorporation of the brothers’ memory into fascist martyrology dating back to Mussolini's regime.

Chiu Wai Yee, Lulu.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-74).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
List of tables --- p.vii
Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter One. --- The History of Opera Buffa
The origins of opera buffa --- p.4
The development of opera buffa --- p.9
The collaboration of Galuppi and Goldoni --- p.11
Chapter Chapter Two. --- "Il filosofo di campagna,ts Plot, Orchestration, Overture and Tonal Organization"
The plot of Il filosofo di campagna --- p.20
The orchestration of the opera --- p.24
The overture of the opera --- p.25
The tonal organization of the opera --- p.28
Chapter Chapter Three. --- Characterization in the Solo Arias of Il filosofo di campagna
Buffa characteristics in the music of Don Tritemio --- p.32
Seria characteristics in the music ofRinaldo --- p.36
Mixed characteristics in the music of Lesbina and Nardo --- p.38
Chapter Chapter Four. --- Characterization in the Ensembles of Il filosofo di campagna
Comic characteristics in the music of the Act one finale --- p.52
The quasi-conclusion Act two finale --- p.61
The problematic Act three finale --- p.64
Conclusion --- p.66
Bibliography --- p.68
Appendices --- p.75
Chapter A. --- The title-page and the cast list of Goldoni's libretto --- p.76
Chapter B. --- The texts of the three finales --- p.77
Chapter C. --- Musical examples of Il filosofo di campagna Overture --- p.86
"Don Tritemio's aria ""La mia ragion e questa，"" Act one，sceneiii" --- p.95
"Rinaldo's aria ""Taci，amor, nel seno mio，"" Act one, sceneiv" --- p.98
"Lesbina's three canzonettas, Act one, sceneii:"
"""Quando son giovine，""" --- p.104
"""Son fresca, son bella,""" --- p.105
"""Non raccoglie le mie foglie，""" --- p.106
"Lesbina's aria ""Compatite，Signor，s'io non so,"" Act one, scenex" --- p.108
"Lesbina's aria ""Una ragazza, che non e pazza，"" Act two, scenex" --- p.111
"Nardo's aria ""Vedo quell'albero，"" Act one，scenevii" --- p.116
"Nardo's aria ""Se non e nata nobile,"" Act two, scenexiv" --- p.119
Act one finale --- p.124
Act two finale --- p.137
Act three finale --- p.149

The paper deals with the Fulbright exchange program, started by Senator James W. Fulbright in 1946, and active in Italy from 1948, when the Italian government signed the agreement. The Fulbright program was essential in the life and career of many Italian scientists, artists, musicians, etc. and it was very important in opening up American studies at Ca’ Foscari, one of the very first universities, with Roma La Sapienza, to start a separate course of American studies in Europe.

In 1966 a team of Italian scholars coordinated by Géza de Francovich inaugurated a series of study trips to the historic regions of Armenia, with the aim of collecting extensive photographic documentation of medieval churches and monasteries. The first result of these study trips was the photographic exhibition Architettura medievale armena (Rome, June-July 1968), a pioneering event that helped in spreading knowledge of Armenian art and architecture among a broader public in Italy and that became a springboard for new research projects in the eastern Mediterranean territories. This paper provides a critical reconstruction of the context and circumstances that led to the organisation of this exhibition.

In the last few decades the study of the so called ‘heritage languages’ has become an emerging field in the research of bilingualism, because migrant people often try to maintain their identities and minority languages. This work resumes a new testing experience, which has been conducted four years after the last one (2013), with some Russian heritage speakers (HS) living in Italy and attending a Russian Saturday school in Rome. It will focus on the difficulties of language acquisition and the possibility for the HS to develop a better language competence through formal learning.

Letizia Gorgo¹, Gloria Riggi² ¹Dipartimento di Architettura e progetto. Dottorato in Architettura e costruzione, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Via Gramsci, 53. 00197 Roma ² Dipartimento di Architettura e progetto. Dottorato in Architettura e costruzione, Sapienza, Università di Roma, Via Gramsci, 53. 00197 Roma E-mail: letiziagorgo@hotmail.it, gloriariggi@libero.it, Keywords : abandoned villages, urban morphology, scattered hotel, existing fabric, revitalization strategies Conference topics and scale: City transformations In Italy today, one can count more than 6000 villages that have been abandoned(deserted) for a variety of causes. This negletc state produces a serious problem related to a wider phenomenon of abandonment of entire portions of italian territories. Realities that differ form the city because of their morphology: Does urban shape represent an urban limit? or is it an alternative testimony to the city? Research purpose is to understand how relationship, between these cases and the territory, works; in particular during the absence of the main component: the human one. The case study Santo Stefano di Sessanio, an ancient village in the center of Italy, inhabited until 90's, shows how the examination of urban shape represents the potentiality of his own revitalization. By relating his historical identity to the scattered hotel projectual approach, it contributes to combine conservation, valorization and sustainability of the existing building fabric, in order to claim the authenticity of these villages declaring their own autonomy and dimension to major urban centers polarization. In this example transformation is meant as conscious project that grow up from the built reality not from the project itself, transformation as knowledge of urban facts, tool to approach to the structure of this reality. References Rossi A., (1966 ) ‘L’architettura della città’, Quodlibet, Macerata Muratori S., (1967) ‘Civiltà e territorio’, Centro studi di storia e urbanistica, Roma Cartei, G. F., (2007) ‘Convenzione europea del paesaggio e governo del territorio’, Il Mulino, Bologna Caravaggi L., (2014) ‘La montagna resiliente’, Quodlibet, Macerata, Strappa, G., Carlotti, P., Camiz, A., (2016) ‘Urban Morphology and Historical Fabrics’, Gangemi Editore, Rome

If the morphology and the studies on the urban form are closely related to the social aspects and are responsibility of architects and policy makers, the issue becomes even more complicated if we're talking about cities with a high number of buildings under public ownership or urban fragments with important dimensions. In Italy there is a very rare case of recent foundation that is the neighborhood Monteruscello in the city of Pozzuoli. Built in the 80s to face the bradisism events that had made uninhabitable other city areas, Monteruscello today, for its dimension, can be considered a "city in the city" where the 90% of the buildings are under public ownership. The neighborhood's project is designed by Agostino Renna who had built Monteruscello through analogical composition with fragments of spatial references of other places and cities. The architect has put in the neighborhood - mainly made up of rural areas - its urban model adapting it to the specific geography of places. During the years the neighborhood has never built an own identity becoming one of the most degraded areas of the city. The paper deals with the issue of urban form and morphology today starting from the study of Monteruscello - as imagined by its creator through the critical issues that underlie its design - and through an experimental design of a new agro-urban landscape for the neighborhood that involves three hectares of public green spaces - now abandoned - turning them into agricultural lands to urban use and growth resource. References Renna, A. (ed.) (1980) L’illusione e i cristalli : immagini di architettura per una terra di provincia (Clear, Roma) Giglia, A. (1997) Crisi e ricostruzione di uno spazio urbano : dopo il bradisismo a Pozzuoli : una ricerca antropologica su Monteruscello (Guerini, Milano) Capozzi, R. (ed.) (2016) Agostino Renna : la forma della città (Clean, Napoli) Pagano, L. (ed) (2012) Agostino Renna : rimontaggio di un pensiero sulla conoscenza dell’architettura : antologia di scritti e progetti 1964-1988 (Clean, Napoli)

Alessandro Camiz ¹ ¹ Department of Architecture, Girne American University, Cyprus, Association for Historical Dialogue and Research, Home for Cooperation (H4C), 28 Marcou Dracou Street, Nicosia, Cyprus, 1102. E-mail: alessandrocamiz@gau.edu.tr Keywords (3-5): urban tissues, urban morphology, urban routes, theory, history Conference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphology Recent urban morphology studies consider urban tissues as living organisms changing in time (Strappa, Carlotti, Camiz, 2016), following this assumption the theory should examine more analytically what Muratori called ‘medievalisation’ (Muratori, 1959), a term describing some of the transformations of urban routes happened in the middle ages. The paper considers the diachronic deformation of routes, and other multi-scalar occurrences of the attraction phenomena (Charalambous, Geddes, 2015), introducing the notion of attractors and repellers. Archaeological studies already do consider attractors and repellers as a tool to interpret some territorial transformations, following the assumption that “the trajectory that a system follows through time is the result of a continuous dynamic interaction between that system and the multiple 'attractors' in its environment” (Renfrew, Bahn, 2013, p. 184). There are different elements that can act as attractors in an urban environment, such as bridges, city walls, city gates, water systems, markets, special buildings, and it is possible to consider each of these anthropic attractors as equivalent to a morphological attractor at the geographical scale. We can even interpret the ridge-top theory (Caniggia, 1976) as the result of attraction and repellence of geographic features on anthropic routes. The territorial scale analysis is the methodological base of the theory, but the attractors herein considered operate at the urban scale, deviating locally across time from a rectilinear trajectory and defining a specific urban fabric. The research interprets and reads the effects of attractors on urban routes and fabrics as a method for the reconstruction of Nicosia’s medieval city walls, in continuity between the Conzenian approach (Whitehand, 2012) and the Italian School of Urban Morphology (Marzot, 2002). References:, Muratori, S. (1959) Studi per un’operante storia urbana di Venezia (Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, Roma). Caniggia, G. (1976) Strutture dello spazio antropico. Studi e note (Uniedit, Firenze). Marzot, N. (2002) ‘The study of urban form in Italy’, Urban Morphology 6.2, 59-73. Whitehand, J.W.R. (2012) ‘Issues in urban morphology’, Urban Morphology 16.1, 55-65. Renfrew, C., Bahn, P. (eds.) (2013) Archaeology: The Key Concepts, (London, Routledge). Charalambous, N., Geddes, I. (2015) ‘Making Spatial Sense of Historical Social Data’, Journal of Space Syntax 6.1, 81-101. Strappa, G., Carlotti, P., Camiz, A. (2016) Urban Morphology and Historical Fabrics. Contemporary design of small towns in Latium (Gangemi, Roma).

As conventional cadastral maps only show building perimeters, they contain no information about the city’s internal structure—about the complex interplay of architecture and its socio-economical use. Thus urban planning seems to spare little thought for what really takes place inside the buildings lining a street, although we perfectly know that the potentials of ground floor use and the structure of the correlating public street space are directly related. The Urban Parterre Modelling UPM-method refers to the city’s “parterre” as a holistic urban system: it covers both built-up and non-built-up areas. Thus street, ground floor and courtyard are treated as entity, so that their interrelations can come to light. Technically the method represents the merging of a common 3D-city-model and a Comprehensive Ground Plan Survey CGPS—a researching technique used in the 1960s until the 1990s (mostly in Italy and Switzerland). This new urban research method has been developed and tested in a pilot study by means of an in depth exploration of an exemplary historical street in Vienna. In September 2015 a new four years research program was financed by the Austrian Science Fund (Austria's central funding organization for basic research, FWF) and launched at the Department of Urban Design at Vienna University of Technology. Within this operational framework a variety of different street-level environments in Vienna are being examined. Given this perspective the paper is therefore addressing the following issues: How was the Viennese ground level originally used? Which urban functions were located there? What are the (historical) interrelations between public space and the life inside buildings? How does this micro system influence urban life and especially pedestrian behaviour?References: CANIGGIA, G. (1986): “Lettura di Firenze – Strukturanalyse der Stadt Florenz”. In Malfroy/ Caniggia: Die morphologische Betrachtungsweise von Stadt und Territorium. Zürich: ETH, Lehrstuhl f. Städtebaugesch. MALFROY, S. (1986): „Die morphologische Betrachtungsweise von Stadt und Territorium“. Zürich : ETH, Lehrstuhl f. Städtebaugeschichte MURATORI, S. (1960): Studi per un operante storia urbana di Venezia. Roma: Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato PETERS, M. (1990): „Stadtgrundriss als Arbeitsinstrument: dem Mittelalter auf der Spur“. In: Hochparterre 1990/4, 30-31 (http://dx.doi.org/10.5169/seals-119191) accessed 23.10.2017 PETERS, M. (1999b): „Elektronische Erfassung eines Industriequartiers: zusammenhängende Grundrissaufnahme in Zürich, ein Experiment“. In: Schweizer Ingenieur und Architekt, Vol.117, 779-784. RUEGG, A. (ed.) (1975): Materialien zur Studie Bern. 4. Jahreskurs 1974/75. Zurich: ETH/Schnebli/Hofer