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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Catecholamines Physiological effect »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 31 janvier 2023

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1

Barnea, Eytan R., Rina Perlman, Hassan Fakih, Tova Bick, Shahar Kol, and Zeev Hochberg. "The role of catecholamines in estradiol and progesterone secretion by cultured explants and cells of human term placentae." Acta Endocrinologica 121, no. 6 (December 1989): 767–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1210767.

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Abstract. The effects of physiological concentrations of the native catecholamines norepinephrine and epinephrine upon term placental hormonal function were examined by measuring estradiol and progesterone secretion by organ and cell culture systems. Results show that, in explants, both catecholamines caused a significant increase in the secretion of both sex steroids, p < 0.05. Estradiol secretion was blocked by the alpha and beta adrenergic receptors antagonists, phenoxybenzamine and propranolol, respectively, p < 0.05. Norepinephrine but not epinephrine dependent progesterone secretio

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Haas, M., and T. J. McManus. "Effect of norepinephrine on swelling-induced potassium transport in duck red cells. Evidence against a volume-regulatory decrease under physiological conditions." Journal of General Physiology 85, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 649–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.85.5.649.

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Duck red cells exhibit specific volume-sensitive ion transport processes that are inhibited by furosemide, but not by ouabain. Swelling cells in a hypotonic synthetic medium activates a chloride-dependent, but sodium-independent, potassium transport. Shrinking cells in a hypertonic synthetic medium stimulates an electrically neutral co-transport of [Na + K + 2 Cl] with an associated 1:1 K/K (or K/Rb) exchange. These shrinkage-induced modes can also be activated in both hypo- and hypertonic solutions by beta-adrenergic catecholamines (e.g., norepinephrine). Freshly drawn cells spontaneously shr

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Keating, Damien J., and Chen Chen. "Activin A stimulates catecholamine secretion from rat adrenal chromaffin cells: a new physiological mechanism." Journal of Endocrinology 186, no. 2 (August 2005): R1—R5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06301.

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Activin A is a member of the transforming growth factor-β family and has known roles in the adrenal cortex, from which activin A is secreted. We aimed to find whether activin A induces secretion of catecholamines from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, which neighbours the adrenal cortex in vivo. Using carbon fibre amperometry, we were able to measure catecholamine secretion in real-time from single chromaffin cells dissociated from the rat adrenal medulla. Activin A stimulated catecholamine secretion in a rapid and dose-dependent manner from chromaffin cells. This effect was fully rever

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Mayerhofer, A., RW Steger, G. Gow, and A. Bartke. "Catecholamines stimulate testicular testosterone release of the immature golden hamster via interaction with alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors." Acta Endocrinologica 127, no. 6 (December 1992): 526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1270526.

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Several lines of evidence suggest that catecholamines are involved in the regulation of the development of the testis. We have therefore investigated the ability of testicular parenchyma (decapsulated pieces of testes) from 18 to 20-day-old golden hamsters to respond to catecholaminergic stimuli in vitro. Norepinephrine and epinephrine, as well as the beta-receptor agonist isoproterenol and the alpha-adrenoreceptor agonist phenylephrine were able to significantly stimulate testicular testosterone production. Dopamine and serotonin were not effective. The stimulatory action of norepinephrine on

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Fulop, Tiberiu, and Corey Smith. "Physiological stimulation regulates the exocytic mode through calcium activation of protein kinase C in mouse chromaffin cells." Biochemical Journal 399, no. 1 (September 13, 2006): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20060654.

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Adrenal medullary chromaffin cells release catecholamines and neuropeptides in an activity-dependent manner controlled by the sympathetic nervous system. Under basal sympathetic tone, catecholamines are preferentially secreted. During acute stress, increased sympathetic firing evokes release of both catecholamines as well as neuropeptides. Both signalling molecules are co-packaged in the same large dense core granules, thus release of neuropeptide transmitters must be regulated after granule fusion with the cell surface. Previous work has indicated this may be achieved through a size-exclusion

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Perry, S. F., R. Fritsche, and S. Thomas. "STORAGE AND RELEASE OF CATECHOLAMINES FROM THE CHROMAFFIN TISSUE OF THE ATLANTIC HAGFISH MYXINE GLUTINOSA." Journal of Experimental Biology 183, no. 1 (October 1, 1993): 165–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.183.1.165.

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A variety of in vivo and in situ experiments were performed on the Atlantic hagfish (Myxine glutinosa) (i) to characterize the levels of circulating catecholamines during acute stresses, including hypoxia, anoxia or physical disturbance (air-exposure), and (ii) to evaluate the potential mechanisms of catecholamine release from the major sites of storage, the systemic heart and posterior cardinal vein (PCV). Adrenaline and noradrenaline were stored at roughly equivalent concentrations (approximately 20 microgram g-1) in cardiac tissue, whereas noradrenaline was the predominant catecholamine sto

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Fritsche, R., S. G. Reid, S. Thomas, and S. F. Perry. "SEROTONIN-MEDIATED RELEASE OF CATECHOLAMINES IN THE RAINBOW TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS." Journal of Experimental Biology 178, no. 1 (May 1, 1993): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.178.1.191.

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The effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) on catecholamine release from chromaffin tissue were investigated in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in vivo and in situ. Intra-arterial injections of serotonin in vivo caused dose-dependent (50–250 nmol kg-1) increases in both plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels. Pre-treatment of fish with the serotonergic receptor antagonist methysergide did not abolish these increases. An in situ saline-perfused head kidney preparation was developed and validated to study the potential direct effect of serotonin on catecholamine release. Th

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Maggs, D. G., and I. A. Macdonald. "Physiological and Symptomatic Responses to Postural Change in Non-Diabetic Subjects during Hypoglycaemia." Clinical Science 87, no. 2 (August 1, 1994): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0870193.

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1. Insulin-induced hypoglycaemia is characterized by an autonomic disturbance which produces some of the symptoms of hypoglycaemia. How an additional autonomic stress like postural change may alter physiological responses and symptoms of hypoglycaemia is not known. In 10 healthy male subjects (mean age 24 years) we observed physiological and symptomatic responses to postural change during acute (20 min) and prolonged (60 min) hyperinsulinaemic (60 m-units min−1 m−2) hypoglycaemia (2.5 mmol/l) and euglycaemia (4.5 mmol/l), and placebo control (saline). 2. In all studies standing increased plasm

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Mader, S. L., C. L. Downing, and E. Van Lunteren. "Effect of age and hypoxia on beta-adrenergic receptors in rat heart." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 6 (December 1, 1991): 2094–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.6.2094.

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Previous reports suggest that hypoxia downregulates cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors from young rats. Because aging alters response to stress, we hypothesized an age-related alteration in the response to hypoxia. Male Fischer-344 rats, aged 3 and 20 mo, were divided into control and hypoxic groups. The hypoxic rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (0.5 atm) for 3 wk. After hypoxic exposure, body weight decreased, hematocrit increased, right ventricular weight increased, and left ventricular weight decreased in all animals. beta-Adrenergic receptor density declined after hypoxic exposure in t

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Pinz, Ilka, and Hans-O. Pörtner. "Metabolic costs induced by lactate in the toad Bufo marinus: new mechanism behind oxygen debt?" Journal of Applied Physiology 94, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): 1177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00131.2002.

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The mechanism of an increase in metabolic rate induced by lactate was investigated in the toad Bufo marinus. Oxygen consumption (V˙o 2) was analyzed in fully aerobic animals under hypoxic conditions (7% O2 in air), accompanied by measurements of catecholamines in the plasma, and was measured in isolated hepatocytes in vitro under normoxia by using specific inhibitors of lactate proton symport [α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (CHC)] and sodium proton exchange (EIPA). The rise in metabolic rate in vivo can be elicited by infusions of hyperosmotic (previous findings) or isosmotic sodium lactate soluti

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Myburgh, J. A., R. N. Upton, C. Grant, and A. Martinez. "The Cerebrovascular Effects of Adrenaline, Noradrenaline and Dopamine Infusions under Propofol and Isoflurane Anaesthesia in Sheep." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 30, no. 6 (December 2002): 725–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0203000602.

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Infusions of catecholamines are frequently administered to patients receiving propofol or isoflurane anaesthesia. Interactions between these drugs may affect regional circulations, such as the brain. The aim of this animal (sheep) study was to determine the effects of ramped infusions of adrenaline, noradrenaline (10, 20, 40 μg/min) and dopamine (10, 20, 40 μg/kg/min) on cerebral blood flow (CBF), intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO 2 ). These measurements were made under awake physiological conditions, and during continuou

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Ekpe, E. D., J. A. Moibi, and R. J. Christopherson. "Beta-adrenergic receptors in skeletal muscles of ruminants: Effects of temperature and feed intake." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 80, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a99-027.

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Adrenergic receptors mediate effects of catecholamines on physiological processes including protein and energy metabolism. We determined the effects of temperature and feed intake on beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors (β1 AR and β2 AR) in skeletal muscle of lambs to assess the potential to modify physiological responses through adrenergic receptors. Twenty-four wether lambs received either restricted (R) or ad libitum (A) levels of feed intake, and were exposed to either cold (C; 0 ± 2 °C) or warm (W; 23 ± 2 °C) temperatures, resulting in four experimental treatment groups (WA, WR, CA and

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Crowe, Melissa J., Anthony S. Leicht, and Warwick L. Spinks. "Physiological and Cognitive Responses to Caffeine during Repeated, High-Intensity Exercise." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 16, no. 5 (October 2006): 528–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.16.5.528.

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This study investigated the effects of caffeine on repeated, anaerobic exercise using a double-blind, randomized, crossover design. Seventeen subjects (five female) underwent cognitive (reaction time, number recall) and blood (glucose, potassium, catecholamines, lactate) testing before and after consuming caffeine (6 mg/kg), placebo, or nothing (control). An exercise test (two 60 s maximal cycling bouts) was conducted 90 min after caffeine/placebo consumption. Plasma caffeine concentrations significantly increased after caffeine ingestion, however, there were no positive effects on cognitive o

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Petrov, N. A., S. N. Zorin, N. A. Biryulina, and V. K. Mazo. "Physiological and Biochemical Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a New Food Ingredient, a Source of Phytoecdysteroids and Flavonoids from Quinoa Grain." Biotekhnologiya 37, no. 5 (2021): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2021-37-5-88-95.

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Abstract- One of the promising food sources of biologically active substances is quinoa grain, which is valued for its high content of protein, sulfur-containing amino acids, lysine, fiber, and minerals. In addition, quinoa grain can be a valuable food source of polyphenolic compounds and phytoecdysteroids. The method for production of a concentrate of flavonoids and 20-hydroxyecdysone from quinoa grains sorbed on coagulated egg protein has been developed. The in vivo evaluation of efficacy of the developed food ingredient was conducted using male Wistar rats under immobilization stress and af

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Oyama, K., J. Padbury, B. Chappell, A. Martinez, H. Stein, and J. Humme. "Single umbilical artery ligation-induced fetal growth retardation: effect on postnatal adaptation." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 263, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): E575—E583. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1992.263.3.e575.

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To assess whether prolonged intrauterine stress and resultant fetal growth retardation result in depletion of adrenal catecholamines and alter the adrenergic signal transduction system, we studied newborn sheep after single umbilical artery ligation (SUAL)-induced growth retardation. The animals were delivered at term, and postnatal cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, and metabolic responses were measured. We also evaluated the status of myocardial and pulmonary beta-adrenergic receptor number and function. SUAL caused significant growth retardation but relative preservation of brain and adr

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Rochon, L., and L. J. Bukowiecki. "Alterations in adipocyte response to lipolytic hormones during cold acclimation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 258, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): C835—C840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1990.258.5.c835.

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The effects of cold exposure (7 days, 5 degrees C) and cold acclimation (21 days, 5 degrees C) on the regulation of lipolysis were investigated in adipocytes isolated from epididymal fat pads of rats. Catecholamines stimulated lipolysis in an affinity sequence typical of the beta 1-adrenoceptor subtype: one-half maximum velocity (1/2 Vmax) isoproterenol (35 nM) much greater than 1/2 Vmax norepinephrine (150 nM) approximately 1/2 Vmax epinephrine (200 nM). Cold exposure markedly decreased the sensitivity (1/2 Vmax) and the responsiveness (Vmax) of the adipocytes to the lipolytic action of catec

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Myers, L. M., and C. Sumners. "Regulation of angiotensin II binding sites in neuronal cultures by catecholamines." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 257, no. 4 (October 1, 1989): C706—C713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1989.257.4.c706.

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Previous studies determined that direct activation of protein kinase C (PKC) with phorbol esters increases the number of angiotensin II (ANG II)-specific binding sites in neuronal cultures prepared from the hypothalamus and brain stem of 1-day-old rats. In the physiological situation, PKC is activated by diacylglycerol, which can be produced by multiple pathways, such as stimulation of inositol phospholipid (IP) hydrolysis, phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis, or by de novo synthesis. In the present study we have examined whether stimulation of IP hydrolysis, and presumably activation of PKC, can m

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Massé, Chantal, and Yves Berthiaume. "Effect of adrenalectomy on pulmonary edema resolution." Clinical and Investigative Medicine 42, no. 2 (June 23, 2019): E33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v42i2.32814.

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 Purpose: The capacity of the lung to clear edema fluid has been shown to be one of the factors that can influence the prognosis of cardiogenic and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Active Na+ transport across the alveolar epithelium is the main driving force involved in this physiological process. Since endogenous catecholamines are known to activate the sodium-dependent mechanism of alveolar edema clearance, the objective of the present study was to explore if adrenalectomy, which prevents the release of endogenous catecholamines and other hormones, such as corticosterone, into circulati

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Syuu, Yi, Hiromi Matsubara, Shingo Hosogi, and Hiroyuki Suga. "Pressor effect of electroacupuncture on hemorrhagic hypotension." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 285, no. 6 (December 2003): R1446—R1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00243.2003.

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Neiguan (PC-6) is a traditional acupoint in each forearm and overlies the trunk of the median nerve. Previous studies show that electroacupuncture (EA) at the Neiguan acupoint could improve not only myocardial ischemic dysfunction by inducing a depressor response but also recover hemorrhagic hypotension by inducing a pressor response. However, their physiological mechanisms are not yet elucidated. We investigated the pressor effect of Neiguan EA and its mechanism by focusing on left ventricular (LV) performance in a canine hemorrhagic hypotension model. We hemorrhaged 36 anesthetized and thora

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Gross, R., та P. Mialhe. "Glucose, β adrenergic effects, and pancreatic endocrine function in the isolated perfused duck pancreas". Acta Endocrinologica 115, № 1 (травень 1987): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1150105.

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Abstract. Duck isolated perfused pancreas was used to assess glucose, adrenergic mediated effects and pancreatic function interrelationships. A moderate physiological 50% increase in glucose level, corresponding closely to the difference observed between 24-h-fasted and fed animals, induced a significant decrease of pancreatic glucagon not due to a rise in somatostatin secretion. The great responsiveness of the A cell was still found after glucagon stimulation by catecholamines or β adrenergic agonism. Insulin was irresponsive to the glucose load we used, suggesting that glucose-induced glucag

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Primmett, D. R., D. J. Randall, M. Mazeaud, and R. G. Boutilier. "The role of catecholamines in erythrocyte pH regulation and oxygen transport in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) during exercise." Journal of Experimental Biology 122, no. 1 (May 1, 1986): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.122.1.139.

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Rainbow trout were subjected to burst swimming to exhaustion followed by 4 h aerobic swimming at 80% critical swimming velocity. Severe physiological disturbances, including a marked plasma acidosis caused by the burst swim, were corrected during the 4 h of subsequent aerobic exercise. Erythrocytic pH and arterial oxygen content increased, even though plasma pH was reduced. We suggest that the increase in erythrocytic pH was caused by the action of elevated adrenaline and noradrenaline levels in the blood acting on beta-adrenergic receptors on the trout red blood cell, causing the cell to swel

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Zhang, Lian, Fangwen Rao, Jennifer Wessel, Brian P. Kennedy, Brinda K. Rana, Laurent Taupenot, Elizabeth O. Lillie, et al. "Functional allelic heterogeneity and pleiotropy of a repeat polymorphism in tyrosine hydroxylase: prediction of catecholamines and response to stress in twins." Physiological Genomics 19, no. 3 (November 17, 2004): 277–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00151.2004.

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Tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, has a common tetranucleotide repeat polymorphism, (TCAT) n. We asked whether variation at (TCAT) n may influence the autonomic nervous system and its response to environmental stress. To understand the role of heredity in such traits, we turned to a human twin study design. Both biochemical and physiological autonomic traits displayed substantial heritability (h2), up to h2 = 56.8 ± 7.5% ( P < 0.0001) for norepinephrine secretion, and h2 = 61 ± 6% ( P < 0.001) for heart rate. Common (TCAT) n alleles, particular

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Kolesnikova, L. R., O. A. Makarova, L. V. Natyaganova, M. I. Dolgikh, and L. I. Korytov. "Metabolism and Physiological Functions Adjustment of the Organism under Stress Influence." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 3, no. 6 (January 5, 2019): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2018-3.6.2.

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Stress reaction of the organism is a process occurring at the cellular, tissue and systemic levels. The organism responds to any adverse effect with a multi-level reaction, which causes the development of stress and, as a result, adaptation. The damaging effect is due to the excessive strengthening of another adaptive effect – lipotropic, that increases the activity of phospholipases and the intensity of free radical oxidation of lipids through the catecholamines and protein kinases. The changes in the immune system during the adaptation stage are to maintain antigenic homeostasis of the inter

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KANIA, BOGDAN FELIKS, DANUTA WROŃSKA, IZABELA SZPRĘGIEL, and URSZULA BRACHA. "Glutamate as a neural factor for the ex vivo release of catecholamines from the rabbit hippocampus." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 78, no. 06 (2022): 6670–2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6670.

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The aim of the research was to confirm the hypothesis about the direct influence of different concentrations of glutamate (Glu; 5, 50 and 200 μM) on the release of catecholamines (CA’s) from hippocampal slices incubated for 90 min. The hippocampus is the central structure of the motivational system and, along with the hypothalamus, amygdala, and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), is responsible for memory, learning, and the initiation and course of the reaction to stressoric factors. In our research, we focused on the direct effect of different Glu concentrations on CA release without the involv

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Nishikiori, M., K. Takenaka, T. Endo, Y. Monma, K. Ueno, M. Minami, N. Yamazaki, M. Matsumoto, H. Saito, and S. Takeo. "Physiological role of sulfate conjugation of catecholamines: positive inotropic effect of sulfate conjugated dopamine in guinea-pig atria." European Journal of Pharmacology 183, no. 2 (July 1990): 349–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(90)93216-d.

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Galitzky, J., M. Reverte, M. Portillo, C. Carpene, M. Lafontan, and M. Berlan. "Coexistence of beta 1-, beta 2-, and beta 3-adrenoceptors in dog fat cells and their differential activation by catecholamines." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 264, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): E403—E412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1993.264.3.e403.

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The existence of a beta 3-adrenoceptor (in addition to classical beta 1- and beta 2-), its involvement in the control of lipolysis and its recruitment by catecholamines were investigated in dog adipose tissue. Isoproterenol, norepinephrine, and the beta 2-selective agonist procaterol fully activated lipolysis in adipocytes (order of potency: isoproterenol > norepinephrine = procaterol). beta 3-Adrenergic agonists stimulated lipolysis with the order of potency: BRL 37344 > CGP 12177 > SR 58611A. Propranolol and bupranolol (nonselective beta-antagonists) antagonized, with a low potency,

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Lowe, Tim E., Neville G. Gregory, Andrew D. Fisher, and Steven R. Payne. "The effects of temperature elevation and water deprivation on lamb physiology, welfare, and meat quality." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 53, no. 6 (2002): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar01125.

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Romney-cross ewe lambs (n = 27) were subjected to controlled environmental conditions to induce acute heat stress. The goals of the study were to: (1) determine appropriate physiological indicators of acute heat stress, (2) determine threshold rectal temperatures (Tr) for catecholamine and cortisol release, (3) determine effects on meat quality, and (4) assess the effect of dehydration on the above measures. There were 3 treatments: control (ambient temperature and humidity), heat stress (33°C, and 85-100% humidity), and heat stress combined with water deprivation. The duration of the treatmen

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Landry, Jean-François, Jean-Pierre Després, Denis Prud'homme, Benoît Lamarche, Angelo Tremblay, André Nadeau, and Claude Bouchard. "A study of some potential correlates of the hypotensive effects of prolonged submaximal exercise in normotensive men." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-008.

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This study was undertaken (1) to examine the relation of plasma catecholamine and insulin levels to the blood pressure response during and after submaximal exercise, (2) to verify whether the blood pressure response to an epinephrine infusion is associated with the blood pressure response to a prolonged submaximal exercise, and (3) to study some potential correlates of the hypotensive effect of prolonged aerobic exercise. Nine normotensive young men (mean age 22.0 ± 1.4 years) were subjected to a 1-h epinephrine infusion protocol and a 1-h submaximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer. The two

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Vranic, Mladen. "Odyssey between Scylla and Charybdis through storms of carbohydrate metabolism and diabetes: a career retrospective." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 299, no. 6 (December 2010): E849—E867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00344.2010.

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This research perspective allows me to summarize some of my work completed over 50 years, and it is organized in seven sections. 1) The treatment of diabetes concentrates on the liver and/or the periphery. We quantified hormonal and metabolic interactions involved in physiology and the pathogenesis of diabetes by developing tracer methods to separate the effects of diabetes on both. We collaborated in the first tracer clinical studies on insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, and the Cori cycle. 2) Diabetes reflects insulin deficiency and glucagon abundance. Extrapancreatic glucagon changed

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Rubanyi, G. M., R. R. Lorenz, and P. M. Vanhoutte. "Bioassay of endothelium-derived relaxing factor(s): inactivation by catecholamines." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 249, no. 1 (July 1, 1985): H95—H101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1985.249.1.h95.

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A bioassay technique was developed to analyze the effect of vasoactive substance(s) released from endothelial cells. Canine femoral arteries with or without endothelium were perfused with physiological salt solution at 37 degrees C. The perfusate was bioassayed with a ring of coronary artery without endothelium. A substance(s) released by the endothelial cells under basal conditions caused relaxation of unstimulated coronary arteries or relaxation of those contracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha. The release of the relaxing substance(s) was augmented by acetylcholine. The relaxation induced by

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Hilsted, J., N. J. Christensen, and S. Larsen. "Effect of Catecholamines and Insulin on Plasma Volume and Intravascular Mass of Albumin in Man." Clinical Science 77, no. 2 (August 1, 1989): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0770149.

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1. The effect of intravenous catecholamine infusions and of intravenous insulin on plasma volume and intravascular mass of albumin was investigated in healthy males. 2. Physiological doses of adrenaline (0.5 μg/min and 3 μg/min) increased peripheral venous packed cell volume significantly; intravenous noradrenaline at 0.5 μg/min had no effect on packed cell volume, whereas packed cell volume increased significantly at 3 μg of noradrenaline/min. No significant change in packed cell volume was found during saline infusion. 3. During adrenaline infusion at 6 μg/min, packed cell volume increased,

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Moss, I. R., and J. G. Inman. "Neurochemicals and respiratory control during development." Journal of Applied Physiology 67, no. 1 (July 1, 1989): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.67.1.1.

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During ontogeny, the central nervous system undergoes neuronal growth, regression, and remodeling. The development of neurotransmitter and modulator systems is a plastic process with individual temporal characteristics for each system. These characteristics include the synthesis, degradation, or uptake of neurochemicals and, largely independently, the appearance of their receptors. Message transmission during ontogeny is compounded by the variable development of these systems and by the coexistence and cofunction among these chemicals. Nine neurochemical systems are discussed: adenosine, gamma

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Moraska, Albert, Robin A. Pollini, Karen Boulanger, Marissa Z. Brooks, and Lesley Teitlebaum. "Physiological Adjustments to Stress Measures Following Massage Therapy: A Review of the Literature." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 7, no. 4 (2010): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nen029.

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Use of massage therapy by the general public has increased substantially in recent years. In light of the popularity of massage therapy for stress reduction, a comprehensive review of the peer-reviewed literature is important to summarize the effectiveness of this modality on stress-reactive physiological measures. On-line databases were searched for articles relevant to both massage therapy and stress. Articles were included in this review if (i) the massage therapy account consisted of manipulation of soft tissues and was conducted by a trained therapist, and (ii) a dependent measure to eval

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Wang, Wenping, Ximing Wu, Chung S. Yang, and Jinsong Zhang. "An Unrecognized Fundamental Relationship between Neurotransmitters: Glutamate Protects against Catecholamine Oxidation." Antioxidants 10, no. 10 (September 30, 2021): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101564.

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Neurotransmitter catecholamines (dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine) are liable to undergo oxidation, which copper is deeply involved in. Catecholamine oxidation-derived neurotoxicity is recognized as a pivotal pathological mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases. Glutamate, as an excitatory neurotransmitter, is enriched in the brain at extremely high concentrations. However, the chemical biology relationship of these two classes of neurotransmitters remains largely unknown. In the present study, we assessed the influences of glutamate on the autoxidation of catecholamines, the copper-

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PERRY, S. F., C. DAXBOECK, and G. P. DOBSON. "The Effect of Perfusion Flow Rate and Adrenergic Stimulation on Oxygen Transfer in the Isolated, Saline-perfused Head of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri)." Journal of Experimental Biology 116, no. 1 (May 1, 1985): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.116.1.251.

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An isolated, saline-perfused trout head preparation, irrigated with hyperoxic water (PWoλ = 250 Torr), was used to assess diffusion/perfusion limitations to gill oxygen transfer. In the absence of catecholamines, increasing the perfusion flow rate caused a reduction of the partial pressure of oxygen in the dorsal aortic perfusate, indicating diffusion limitations to oxygen uptake. Physiological concentrations of epinephrine stimulated oxygen uptake in a dose-dependent fashion. Moreover, epinephrine elicited a greater effect during increased perfusion flow rate as a result of larger initial dif

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PLAYLE, RICHARD C., R. STEPHEN MUNGER, and CHRIS M. WOOD. "Effects of Catecholamines on Gas Exchange and Ventilation in Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri)." Journal of Experimental Biology 152, no. 1 (September 1, 1990): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.152.1.353.

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A transient inhibitory effect of catecholamines on relative CO2 excretion, mediated by an inhibition of HCO3− dehydration through the red blood cell (RBC), has been proposed to cause the increase in PaCOCO2 routinely observed after strenuous exercise in fish (‘CO2 retention hypothesis’, Wood and Perry, 1985). To evaluate this idea, trout fitted with arterial cannulae, oral membranes and opercular catheters were placed in ventilation chambers. PaCOCO2 RBC intracellular pH (pHi) and other blood acid-base parameters were monitored from the arterial cannulae. The ventilation chamber system allowed

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Petrov, Nikita, Nadezhda Biryulina, Yuliia Sidorova, and Vladimir Mazo. "A food ingredient containing phytoecdysteroids and polyphenols from quinoa grain: technology and physiological and biochemical evaluation in vivo." E3S Web of Conferences 285 (2021): 05014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128505014.

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An effective technological approach to produce adaptogenic microingredients is to concentrate plant biologically active substances via sorption on various matrices. The aim was to develop and evaluate in vivo the phytoecdysteroids and flavonoids concentrate extracted from quinoa grain and sorbed on the coagulated chicken egg protein. The consecutive extraction of phytoecdysteroids and flavonoids was conducted followed by sorption on the protein. The in vivo experiment was performed during 37 days using Wistar male rats. The developed concentrate was added into the diet of experimental animals

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Bzoskie, L., L. Blount, K. Kashiwai, Y. T. Tseng, W. W. Hay, and J. F. Padbury. "Placental norepinephrine clearance: in vivo measurement and physiological role." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 269, no. 1 (July 1, 1995): E145—E149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.1.e145.

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The intrauterine clearance rate of catecholamines is higher than in newborn animals or in adults. The separate contributions of the fetus and placenta to this clearance are not known. The placenta is a site of expression of the amine plasma membrane transporters that mediate this process. To determine the physiological role of this placental transporter in vivo, we studied fetal sheep at 123 days with common umbilical vein (UV), fetal arterial (AO), and venous catheters. Tritiated norepinephrine ([3H]NE) was infused to determine the kinetics of placental and fetal NE appearance and clearance r

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Wilson, John X., Khaled J. Saleh, E. Davindra Armogan, and Ewa J. Jaworska. "Catecholamine and blood pressure regulation by gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in amphibians." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 12 (December 1, 1987): 2379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-377.

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Analogs of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) occur in the brain, plasma, and sympathoadrenal system of anuran amphibians. The present experiments studied the effects of GnRH and [Trp7, Leu8]-GnRH on plasma catecholamines and cardiovascular function in conscious adult bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) and cane toads (Bufo marinus). Both GnRH analogs elicited dose-dependent (0.1–1 nmol∙kg−1) increases in arterial norepinephrine, epinephrine, and blood pressure levels when injected intravenously into toads. In bullfrogs, [Trp7, Leu8]-GnRH (1 nmol∙kg−1) increased arterial norepinephrine concentrati

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Jern, Christina, Karin Manhem, Elsa Eriksson, Lilian Tengborn, Bo Risberg, and Sverker Jern. "Hemostatic Responses to Mental Stress during the Menstrual Cycle." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 66, no. 05 (1991): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1646469.

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SummaryTo study the effect of sex hormones on the hemostatic responses to stress, blood samples were collected before, during, and after 20 min of mental stress from 9 healthy, non-smoking female volunteers, examined in the follicular and luteal phase. Mental stress caused significant increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma catecholamines. In addition, analysis of variance indicated significant changes of leukocyte count, hematocrit, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor antigen, t-PA activity and antigen in response to the stress test. However, in contrast to a male group previously i

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Zhang, Xiang-Yang, N. Edward Robinson, and Feng-Xia Zhu. "Modulation of ACh release from airway cholinergic nerves in horses with recurrent airway obstruction." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 276, no. 5 (May 1, 1999): L769—L775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1999.276.5.l769.

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To evaluate the functional status of neuronal α2-adrenoceptors (ARs) and β2-ARs on ACh release in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), we examined the effects of the physiological agonists epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE) and the β2-agonists RR- and RR/ SS-formoterol on ACh release from airway cholinergic nerves of horses with RAO. Because SS-formoterol, a distomer of the β2-agonist, increases ACh release from airways of control horses only after the autoinhibitory muscarinic receptors are blocked by atropine, we also tested the hypothesis that if there is an M2-receptor dy

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Eckel, J., and H. Reinauer. "Modulation of transmembrane potential of isolated cardiac myocytes by insulin and isoproterenol." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 2 (August 1, 1990): H554—H559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.2.h554.

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Isolated muscle cells from adult rat heart have been used to study the effects of insulin and catecholamines on transmembrane potential by following triphenylmethylphosphonium cation uptake. Insulin was found to hyperpolarize the cells with a maximal effect of 3.2 +/- 0.7 mV (n = 4) at an insulin concentration of 3 x 10(-9) mol/l. This insulin action was fully antagonized by isoproterenol (10(-5) mol/l), which depolarized the cardiocytes in a dose-dependent fashion with a maximal effect of 9.5 +/- 2.2 mV. Treatment of cardiocytes with ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraa

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Matušková, L., and M. Javorka. "Adrenergic receptors gene polymorphisms and autonomic nervous control of heart and vascular tone." Physiological Research, S4 (January 30, 2022): S495—S510. http://dx.doi.org/10.33549/physiolres.934799.

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Adrenergic receptors (ARs) are the primary targets of catecholamines released from the sympathetic nerve endings during their activation. ARs play a central role in autonomic nervous system and serve as important targets of widely used drugs. Several ARs gene polymorphisms were found to be associated with cardiovascular disease in previous clinical studies. Although more precise mechanism of the polymorphisms influence on autonomic control of cardiovascular system was studied in many previous physiological studies, their results are not unequivocal. This paper reviews the results of clinical a

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Motais, R., F. Garcia-Romeu, and F. Borgese. "The control of Na+/H+ exchange by molecular oxygen in trout erythrocytes. A possible role of hemoglobin as a transducer." Journal of General Physiology 90, no. 2 (August 1, 1987): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.90.2.197.

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It has previously been shown that addition of catecholamines to a suspension of trout erythrocytes induces an enlargement of the cells owing to an uptake of NaCl mediated by a cAMP-dependent, amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchange. In this article, we show that the change in cell volume induced by catecholamines is much greater when the erythrocytes are incubated in N2 than when they are in O2. This difference is explained by an inhibition of the cAMP-dependent Na+/H+ exchange by O2. The inhibition is not reversed in cells incubated in O2 but poisoned with cyanide. It cannot be explained by a dif

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Currie, Kevin P. M., and Aaron P. Fox. "Voltage-Dependent, Pertussis Toxin Insensitive Inhibition of Calcium Currents by Histamine in Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Cells." Journal of Neurophysiology 83, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 1435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.3.1435.

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Histamine is a known secretagogue in adrenal chromaffin cells. Activation of G-protein linked H1 receptors stimulates phospholipase C, which generates inositol trisphosphate leading to release of intracellular calcium stores and stimulation of calcium influx through store operated and other channels. This calcium leads to the release of catecholamines. In chromaffin cells, the main physiological trigger for catecholamine release is calcium influx through voltage-gated calcium channels ( I Ca). Therefore, these channels are important targets for the regulation of secretion. In particular N- and

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Dzeka, T. Nancy, and J. Malcolm O. Arnold. "Prostaglandin modulation of venoconstriction to physiological stress in normals and heart failure patients." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, no. 3 (March 1, 2003): H790—H797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00572.2001.

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Prostaglandins released from blood vessels modulate vascular tone, and inhibition of their production during exogenous infusions of catecholamines causes increased venoconstriction. To determine the influence of prostaglandin production on venoconstriction during physiological stimuli known to cause sympathetic activation, and to assess its importance in chronic heart failure (CHF), we studied 11 normal subjects (62 ± 4 yr) and 14 patients with CHF (64 ± 2 yr, left ventricular ejection fraction 23 ± 1%, New York Heart Association classes II and III) (means ± SE). Dorsal hand vein distension wa

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Taylor, A. H., G. St J. Whitley, and S. S. Nussey. "The interaction of arginine vasopressin and oxytocin with bovine adrenal medulla cells." Journal of Endocrinology 121, no. 1 (April 1989): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1210133.

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ABSTRACT Binding of [3H]arginine vasopressin (AVP) and [3H]oxytocin to primary monolayer cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells was time-dependent, and the binding sites for each peptide were specific and saturable. Studies with the V1 AVP antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)2-AVP, the V2 agonist 1-deamino-8-d-AVP and the V2 antagonist d(CH2)5d-Leu2,Val4-AVP indicated that the AVP receptor was V1 in specificity. Scatchard plots showed that each ligand interacted with a single high-affinity, low-capacity binding site: oxytocin dissociation constant (Kd) 0·29 ± 0·02 nmol/l, maximum binding capacity (B

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Xu, Ming, Qiulin Zhang, Qi Wang, Di Pan, Mingxing Ding та Yi Ding. "The Characteristics and Distribution of α2D-, α2B- and α2C-Adrenoceptor Subtypes in Goats". Animals 12, № 5 (7 березня 2022): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12050664.

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α2-Adrenegic receptors (α2Rs) are important presynaptic modulators of central noradrenergic function (auto receptors) and postsynaptic mediators of many of the widespread effects of catecholamines and related drugs. Studies have shown that ruminants (such as goats and cattle) express special α2DR subtypes in addition to α2BR and α2CR. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to investigate the distribution and density of α2R in different nuclei of the goat central nervous system, selected regions of the spinal cord (L4-L6), and in various peripheral tissues. α2-AR subtype-spec

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Seabrook, Timothy J., Bill Ristevski, Shawn G. Rhind, Pang N. Shek, Jiri Zamecnik, Roy J. Shephard, and John B. Hay. "Epinephrine causes a reduction in lymph node cell output in sheep." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 79, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y00-124.

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The lymphatic system has a critical role in the return of fluids, proteins, and cells to the circulatory system. However, the effects of stress, including exercise, on this system have not been adequately studied. We investigated the effect of a physiological dose (1 mg) of epinephrine (Epi) on lymph flow, cell concentration, and lymphocyte subsets in efferent subcutaneous lymph in sheep. Blood leukocyte numbers, differential, lymphocyte subsets, and blood and lymph pools of lymphocytes were determined simultaneously. A significant acute increase in lymph flow was followed by a post-injection

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Thom, S., J. Calvete, R. Hayes, G. Martin та P. Sever. "Human vascular smooth muscle responses mediated by α2 mechanisms in vivo and in vitro". Clinical Science 68, s10 (1 січня 1985): 147s—150s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs068s147.

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1. The effects of compounds with α2-agonist and α2-antagonist properties on human forearm blood flow and on isolated human arterial segments have been studied. 2. The findings from these studies in vivo and in vitro did not provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that postsynaptic α2-receptors mediate smooth muscle contraction in the tissues under investigation. 3. The constriction of the forearm vascular bed in response to low intra-arterial doses of idazoxan (RX 781094), an α2-antagonist, provides evidence for a physiological role for a presynaptic α2 autoregulatory mechanism. 4. The v

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