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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Chair of Prehistory »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 7 juin 2025

Mis à jour le 2 août 2025

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1

Bulyk, Natalia. "University archaeology of interwar Lviv through the prism of site protection legislation in 1928." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 23 (November 26, 2019): 362–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2019-23-362-378.

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Field archeological activity of Lviv University during the interwar period is considered through the site protection legislation of the Second Commonwealth. There were two archaeological chairs at the university during the period under study – one of prehistory and one of classical archaeology. In fact, the Chair of the prehistory served as site protection institution. All reports of archaeological finds were sent at the same time to the conservator Zbigniew Hornung and to the heads of the chair. So, archaeologists of the University, depending on their scientific interests, visited these sites

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Podgorny, Irina. "Les chemins nord–italiens de la préhistoire en Amérique du Sud: Argentine & Uruguay (1860–1880)." ORGANON 55 (December 12, 2023): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/00786500.org.23.004.18781.

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North Italian Paths of Prehistory in South America: Argentine & Uruguay (1860–1880) This article aims to analyse the reception of the most well known works and discoveries in European prehistory in Argentina and Uruguay. The aim is to assess how terms and typologies proposed by French authors were adapted and challenged at a local level. Prehistorians from the north of the Italian peninsula played a fundamental role in this process. The article also refers to the news published in the Argentine press about the discoveries made in Europe, which inspired new vocations, particularly under the

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Clark, J. Desmond. "Archaeological retrospect 10." Antiquity 60, no. 230 (1986): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0005883x.

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Desmond Clark, who has just retired from his Chair at the University of California at Berkeley, and in whose honour a special congress on African prehistory was held in his own department a few months ago, here looks back at his life in archaeology and at archaeology in his lifetime. It is the tenth and last in our series. All ten articles are being republished by Thames and Hudson.

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Erős, Ferenc. "Sándor Ferenczi, Géza Róheim and the University of Budapest, 1918–19." Psychoanalysis and History 21, no. 1 (2019): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2019.0279.

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The article deals with the prehistory and the circumstances of Sándor Ferenczi's university career, and also discusses the university affairs of another prominent Hungarian psychoanalyst, Géza Róheim. Ferenczi's application for lectureship at the Medical Faculty was refused by the conservative professors in 1913. However, after the revolution in 1918 the university students themselves demanded Ferenczi's invitation to teach at the university. The Faculty resisted again, but finally, in April 1919 Ferenczi was appointed as professor Chair of Psychoanalytic Studies and Psychoanalytic Clinic of t

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Woźny, Marzena. "Leon Kozłowski (1892-1944) – krakowski etap życia naukowca, żołnierza, polityka." Przegląd Archeologiczny 69 (September 3, 2021): 243–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.23858/pa69.2021.2065.

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Leon Kozłowski (1892-1944), the outstanding prehistorian, soldier, and politician, was connected with Kraków from the beginning of his studies until he obtained his postdoctoral degree. He studied natural sciences and then archaeology at the Jagiellonian University while being also an unofficial assistant at the Archaeological Museum of the Academy of Arts and Sciences in Kraków. The Academy appointed him to explore Lusatian cemeteries near Tarnobrzeg, to excavate a Palaeolithic site in Jaksice (former Miechów district), megalithic graves in Kuyavia, and the Mammoth Cave in the Polish Jura. He

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Mattes, Johannes. "Disciplinary identities and crossing boundaries: The academization of speleology in the first half of the twentieth century." Earth Sciences History 34, no. 2 (2015): 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-34.2.275.

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This paper examines the development and legitimization of the study of caves as an academic scientific discipline from the end of the 19th century to World War II. It discusses the function of history and related methodological and epistemological practices used to define and legitimize speleology as an academic discipline. It also discusses the political and social context involved in this process of academization. In this context, special attention is paid to the formation of disciplinary identities and transdisciplinary cooperation. The role of individuality and community in science goes ha

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DE ANGELIS, FRANCO. "GOING AGAINST THE GRAIN IN SICILIAN GREEK ECONOMICS." Greece and Rome 53, no. 1 (2006): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383506000027.

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On his recent retirement from the chair of classical archaeology in Cambridge University, Anthony Snodgrass reflected on the state of the subject, wondering whether a paradigm shift has occurred. Snodgrass assesses various matters, including, for our purposes, how archaeological approaches to ancient literary sources have changed. His comments deserve quotation in full:…Classical archaeology is often stigmatized, by its many critics, as being ‘text-driven’ … [in] that the subject takes its orientation from, and adapts its whole narrative to, the lead given by the literary sources. Thus the arc

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MARTÍN, Alfredo Mederos. "Hugo Obermaier, primer catedrático de Prehistoria de la Universidad de Madrid (1922‑1939) y el inicio de la arqueología estratigráfica en España." Estudos Arqueológicos de Oeiras 35 (April 17, 2025): 355‑422. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15005735.

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Hugo Obermaier was, together with Henri Breuil, the most important Palaeolithic archaeologist in Europe between 1910 and 1939. The excavation of El Castillo Cave (Santander), between 1910 and 1914, with the best stratigraphic sequence for the Upper Palaeolithic in Europe and the writing of <em>Fossil Man</em>, the reference manual on the origin of human being, the phases of the Palaeolithic and Rock Art, published in German, Russian, Spanish and English (1912, 1913, 1916/1925 and 1924), consolidated his position. After beginning to teach in 1921 at Madrid, he became a Professor of Primitive Hi

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Li, Moran. "Boot-shaped antler artifacts and prehistoric leather production." Chinese Archaeology 22, no. 1 (2022): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/char-2022-0012.

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Abstract The first boot-shaped antler artifacts appear in the Shuangdun culture along the middle Huaihe River watershed at circa 7000 BP, before spreading out across the circum-Taihu Lake region, central Henan, and the Shandong Peninsula. Characteristic shape and use-wear marks indicate probable use as a scraping tool for leatherworking. Based on archaeological data from the Old Koryak culture in the Kamchatka Peninsula, as well as Eskimo and Native American ethnographies and contextual analysis of boot-shaped antler artifacts in burials at Sanlihe, a Dawenkou culture site, this essay argues t

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Т.Х., Мальсагова,. "People, Destinies, Connection of Generations: To the Thirtieth Anniversary of the Television of the Republic of Ingushetia." Nasledie Vekov, no. 3(31) (September 30, 2022): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36343/sb.2022.31.3.008.

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Мемуарный очерк вобрал в себя плоды многолетнего опыта и профессиональный взгляд автора, отдавшего работе на телевидении 37 лет своей жизни. В 18 лет (1974) начав работать на Грозненском ТВ как диктор вещания на ингушском и русском языках, Т. Мальсагова прошла путь до главного директора программной дирекции вещания (1987–1993). В последующие годы она работала над созданием ГТРК «Ингушетия» в качестве председателя (1993–1995) и директора телекомпании (2009–2011). В первой части публикуемого очерка охарактеризованы представители ингушской интеллигенции, формировавшие облик регионального радио и

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Marshall, Michael. "Prehistoric food chain frozen in time." New Scientist 250, no. 3334 (2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(21)00825-3.

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Khominets, Vladimir V., and Aleksey L. Kudyashev. "Foundation and development of the oldest orthopedic department and clinic of Russia." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 24, no. 2 (2022): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma107291.

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Issues of the foundation and development of scientific schools, medical specialties, departments, and clinics of the Military Medical Academy of S.M. Kirov, as well as their succession, remain largely debatable to this day. Moreover, their study appears to be extremely interesting when understanding the processes underlying the differentiation of the fundamental sections of medicine, formation of new areas of surgery, and their evolution to the state of independent surgical specialties. Several archival documents, reports, historical essays on the departments of desmurgy and mechanurgy, orthop

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Bacci, Michele. "On the Prehistory of Cretan Icon Painting." Frankokratia 1, no. 1-2 (2020): 108–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25895931-12340003.

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Abstract The present paper offers some thoughts on the complex issue of Italianate elements in Cretan icon painting by emphasizing the extent to which they can be considered to stem from motifs worked out in the mid-to-late fourteenth century in the wider, fluid space between Venice and the Eastern Mediterranean. It focuses on a cluster of Marian panels that, on account of their mixed Byzantine and Western character, have been hitherto confined to the margins of art-historical research and improperly labeled as works of a so-called “Adriatic” school. The critical reassessment of these works il

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West, Dixie, Michael Crawford, and Arkady B. Savinetsky. "Genetics, prehistory and the colonisation of the Aleutian Islands." Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 98, no. 1 (2007): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691007000023.

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ABSTRACTThe 1800 km-long Aleutian archipelago represents a model ecosystem to track human–environmental interactions across space and through time. Defining the southern margin of Beringia across which much of the early peopling of the Americas occurred, the Aleutians present a 9000 year record of human occupation in the eastern part of the island chain, and more than 3000 years in the west. Molecular evidence demonstrates: (1) that Aleuts shared common ancestry with Chukchi and Siberian Eskimos of Chukotka; (2) the original patterns of migration into the Aleutian islands were from the Alaskan

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Wang, Peng. "Seima-Turbino-type bronze spearheads from Xiawanggang in Xichuan and the implications for north-south cultural exchange." Chinese Archaeology 24, no. 1 (2024): 168–79. https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2024-0012.

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Abstract Through typological analysis and pattern comparison, this study demonstrates that the Seima-Turbino-type bronze spearheads unearthed from the Xiawanggang site date roughly to the end of the third millennium BCE or the beginning of the second millennium BCE. Considering their similarities to the Okunev culture, the Shimao culture, and the iconography of the post-Shijiahe culture, this study suggests that the appearance of Seima-Turbino-type bronze spearheads in the Yangtze River valley resulted from north-south cultural exchange. Understanding this cultural exchange is significant for

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Wang, Tianyi. "Research on prehistoric ^凸-shaped house remains on the Loess Plateau". Chinese Archaeology 22, № 1 (2022): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/char-2022-0010.

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Abstract The 凸-shaped house remains first appeared in the Guanzhong Basin during the late Yangshao period and became a popular form of architecture in the Loess Plateau during the Longshan period. The form usually consists of an inner room and a front hall connecting to an entranceway. The emergence of the protruding front hall is closely related to the appearance of late Yangshao cave dwellings, where they serve an important role in maintaining the architectural stability of the dwelling. Across the millennium ranging from the late Yangshao to the late Longshan, this architectural structure g

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Wen, Yadi. "A comparative study on the jade drilling technology of ancient Mesoamerican civilizations and prehistoric China." Chinese Archaeology 24, no. 1 (2024): 159–67. https://doi.org/10.1515/char-2024-0011.

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Abstract Through the examination of Olmec jade objects at the Dumbarton Oaks Museum and Maya jade artifacts from the Chichén Itzá site housed in the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, two categories of drilling techniques have been identified: practical and ritual. Practical drilling encompasses drilling positioning, sequential drilling for decoration and openwork. Ritual drilling imbues jade objects with symbolism related to breath and life. In Neolithic China, two systems of drilling techniques for jade processing have been reconstructed: axial rotary drilling and bearing rotary dr

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Jordan, Fiona M., Russell D. Gray, Simon J. Greenhill, and Ruth Mace. "Matrilocal residence is ancestral in Austronesian societies." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1664 (2009): 1957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.0088.

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The nature of social life in human prehistory is elusive, yet knowing how kinship systems evolve is critical for understanding population history and cultural diversity. Post-marital residence rules specify sex-specific dispersal and kin association, influencing the pattern of genetic markers across populations. Cultural phylogenetics allows us to practise ‘virtual archaeology’ on these aspects of social life that leave no trace in the archaeological record. Here we show that early Austronesian societies practised matrilocal post-marital residence. Using a Markov-chain Monte Carlo comparative

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Chalykh, Anatoly E., Valentina Yu Stepanenko, and Ali D. Aliev. "Adhesion and Energy Characteristics of Rigid-Chain Polymer Surface: Polyamidoimides." Polymers 12, no. 12 (2020): 2956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122956.

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The adhesion characteristics and surface energies of two series of polyamidoimides (PAI) with different molecular weights, monomer unit structures, hinge groups in the main chain of the macromolecules, and thermal prehistory were determined via delamination at 180° and test fluids contact angles. We found that PAI are high-energy polymers, the surface energy of which varies in the range from 32 to 45 mJ/m2. In contrast to flexible-chain polymers, the exponent in the McLeod equation is two, which is due to the flat parallel orientation of the macromolecular chains in the surface layers. The mai

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Chalykh, Anatoly E., Tatiana F. Petrova, and Igor I. Ponomarev. "Water Sorption by Polyheteroarylenes." Polymers 14, no. 11 (2022): 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14112255.

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The sorption–diffusion characteristics of rigid-chain glassy polymers based on polyheteroarylenes (PHAs) have been studied in a wide interval of relative humidity and temperatures of thermal treatment of the polymer sorbents. Experimental data on water vapor sorption for polynaphthoyleneimidobenzimidazole (PNIB) and its copolymers with different chemical nature have been obtained. Water diffusion coefficients have been calculated, and parameters of their concentration and temperature dependences have been determined. It was found that water molecules sorbed by PNIB and its copolymers are stron

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Galanidou, Nena, Giorgos Iliopoulos, and Christina Papoulia. "The Palaeolithic settlement of Lefkas. Archaeological evidence in a palaeogeographic context." Journal of Greek Archaeology 1 (January 1, 2016): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/jga.v1i.642.

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The chain of islands emerging from the Ionian Sea constitutes the western part of the active Hellenic Arc and is separated from the European landmass by the shaping forces of eustasy and tectonism. As part of the Ionian Margin, the islands share the same geological and climate regimes with their counterpart, the coastal zone of the west Greek mainland extending from Epirus to the Peloponnese. The Ionian setting consists of limestone geology and karst, rocks containing abundant cherts, high tectonic activity, tsunamis, and high rainfall rates. The pioneering work conducted by A. Sordinas on Cor

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Pintucci, Alessandro. "A Conversation with Cornelius Holtorf." Ex Novo: Journal of Archaeology 6 (February 11, 2022): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/vol6isspp239.

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Cornelius Holtorf is UNESCO Chair on Heritage Futures at Linnaeus University. He reads prehistoric archaeology, social anthropology and physical anthropology in Germany, England and Wales. In 1998 he gained his PhD and was subsequently employed in research and teaching at the University of Gothenburg (1998-1999), the University of Cambridge (1999-2002), the Swedish National Heritage Board in Stockholm (2002-2004) and the University of Lund (2005-2008). Since 2008 Cornelius have been working at Kalmar where he is currently a Professor of Archaeology at Linnaeus University and Director of the Gr

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Archibald, Zosia. "The Aegean Islands (Prehistoric to Roman)." Archaeological Reports 59 (January 2013): 76–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0570608413000112.

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Strabo, who visited the island of Gyaros in 31 BC, described it as a village (kōmion, κώμιον Strabo 10.5.3) inhabited by fishermen. This comes as no surprise to anyone familiar with the Aegean islands today. Modern photographic promotions give local fish specialities, and the modest, traditionally whitewashed homes of the fishermen responsible for fresh catches, plenty of colourful emphasis. Not all the fish on offer in the islands are locally caught today, and many visitors arrive by air, rather than by boat, following one of the principal maritime itineraries (which do not, as it happens, no

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Bazelmans, Jos, Jan Kolen, and Waterbolk H.T. "On the natural history of the peasant landscape." Archaeological Dialogues 4, no. 1 (1997): 71–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203800000921.

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Harm Tjalling Waterbolk (1924) is regarded, together with Pieter J.R. Modderman (1919) and Willem Glasbergen (1923–1979), as the direct inheritor of the founder of Dutch archaeology Albert Egges van Giffen (1884–1973). From the middle of the 1950s, after Van Giffen's retirement, thistroikashaped the rapidly growing academic archaeology in the Netherlands. Until well into the 1970s and 1980s they occupied the most prominent chairs at the universities of Groningen, Leiden and Amsterdam. One look at Waterbolk's impressive list of publications (almost exclusively articles) tells us that for half a

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Hall, Matthew Henry. "“A Prehistoric Moose's Mating Call” & Other Stories from Real-Life Department Chairs." Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 47, no. 5 (2015): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00091383.2015.1077676.

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Woolliscroft, David J., and Birgitta Hoffmann. "The Roman Gask system fortlet of Glenbank, Perthshire." Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 139 (November 30, 2010): 167–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.139.167.193.

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A geophysical survey and excavations in 1984 and 1999 confirmed the identification of the suspected Roman Gask system fortlet of Glenbank. The site was extremely poor in finds, but there was circumstantial evidence that it belonged to the Flavian tower chain rather than the Antonine reoccupation of the Gask forts. A number of nearby ring features seen beside the Roman road from the air were investigated in an attempt to trace the Gask line farther to the south-west, but appeared to be prehistoric in nature.

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Vitezovic, Selena. "Studies of technology in prehistoric archaeology." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 137 (2011): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1137465v.

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Technology studies have always been the most important focus of archaeology, as a science which analyzes human past through the study of material culture. To say that something is technological in archaeology, means to put the concept of technology in the centre of theoretical studies, and to study not only the form of the object, but also the entire sequence of technological factors, from raw material choice, mode of use, up to the reasons for abandonment. The concept of technology in anthropology and archaeology is based on the original meaning of the word ????? in ancient Greek, meaning the

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Bikoulis, Peter. "Revisiting prehistoric sites in the Göksu valley: a GIS and social network approach." Anatolian Studies 62 (November 13, 2012): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066154612000026.

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AbstractUsing a variety of quantitative approaches, interactions between prehistoric sites in the Göksu valley and south-central Anatolia are modelled within their wider multi-regional and diachronic socio-economic networks to assess the prominence and influence of communities in south-central Anatolia from the Late Chalcolithic to the end of the Early Bronze Age (c. 4200–2000 BC). Since the 1950s, some have understood the valley as significant in terms of movement and communication through the Taurus mountain chain that divides the southern Anatolian plateau from the Mediterranean coast. This

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Rasetti-Escargueil, Christine, and Arnaud Avril. "Medical Countermeasures against Ricin Intoxication." Toxins 15, no. 2 (2023): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15020100.

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Ricin toxin is a disulfide-linked glycoprotein (AB toxin) comprising one enzymatic A chain (RTA) and one cell-binding B chain (RTB) contained in the castor bean, a Ricinus species. Ricin inhibits peptide chain elongation via disruption of the binding between elongation factors and ribosomes, resulting in apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, in addition to the classically known rRNA damage. Ricin has been used in traditional medicine throughout the world since prehistoric times. Because ricin toxin is highly toxic and can be readily extracted from beans, it could be used a

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K., Krishna Prasad, and S. Aithal P. "A STUDY ON FINGERPRINT HASH CODE GENERATION BASED ON MD5 ALGORITHM AND FREEMAN CHAIN CODE." International Journal of Computational Research and Development 3, no. 1 (2018): 13–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1144555.

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The drastic changes in mobile and wireless based technologies and increasing number of applications and users demanded high-security concern, which leads to research on biometrics with a purpose to increase the security aspects and to minimize security threats. The current global mindset toward terrorism has influenced people and their governments to take some special actions and be extra proactive in protection or security problems. Fingerprint image and identification technology have been in life for hundreds of years. Archaeologists have exposed proof suggesting that interest in fingerprint

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Filopoulou, Anna, Sophia Vlachou, and Stamatis C. Boyatzis. "Fatty Acids and Their Metal Salts: A Review of Their Infrared Spectra in Light of Their Presence in Cultural Heritage." Molecules 26, no. 19 (2021): 6005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26196005.

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In a cultural heritage context, fatty acids are usually found as breakdown products of lipid-containing organic remains in archaeological findings, binders in aged oil paintings, and additives in modern art-related materials. They may further interact with the ionic environment transforming into metal soaps, a process that has been recognized as a threat in aged paintings but has received less attention in archaeological objects. The investigation of the above related categories of materials with infrared spectroscopy can provide an overall picture of the organic components’ identity and demon

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Bouwman, Abigail S., Keri A. Brown, Terence A. Brown, Elizabeth R. Chilvers, Robert Arnott, and A. J. N. W. Prag. "Kinship in Aegean Prehistory? Ancient DNA in Human Bones from Mainland Greece and Crete." Annual of the British School at Athens 104 (November 2009): 293–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400000265.

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Attempts were made to detect ancient DNA (aDNA) in samples of 89 human skeletons from Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in Greece and Crete. Ancient DNA was absent in specimens from Nea Nicomedia, Lerna, Kato Zakro: Karaviádena, and Mycenae Grave Circle A. For each of three skeletons sampled from Antron Grave Circle B, polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) gave products for nuclear but not mitochondrial DNA, but the yield of DNA was low and inconsistent, with replicate PCRs failing to give reproducible results. At Kouphovouno evidence for mitochondrial and/or nuclear aDNA was obtained from eight of t

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Bruce, Scott G. "Sunt altera nobis sidera, sunt orbes alii: Imagining Subterranean Peoples and Places in Medieval Latin Literature." Mediaevistik 32, no. 1 (2020): 105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2019.01.04.

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Owing to the enduring popularity of Jules Verne’s science fiction story Journey to the Center of the Earth (1864), modern readers have taken for granted a hollow, habitable core beneath the earth’s crust as a time-honored, though scientifically implausible, setting for speculative fiction.1 Verne’s fantastic tale of Professor Otto Lidenbrock’s descent into the Icelandic volcano Snæfellsjökull and his perilous adventures underground featuring forests of giant mushrooms and prehistoric monsters remains the most widely read work of nineteenth-century “subterranean fiction.” In 1926, the story was

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Eckmeier, Eileen, and Guido L. B. Wiesenberg. "Short-chain n-alkanes (C16–20) in ancient soil are useful molecular markers for prehistoric biomass burning." Journal of Archaeological Science 36, no. 7 (2009): 1590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.03.021.

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Efstratiou, Nikos, Paolo Biagi, Paraskevi Elefanti, Panagiotis Karkanas, and Maria Ntinou. "Prehistoric exploitation of Grevena highland zones: hunters and herders along the Pindus chain of western Macedonia (Greece)." World Archaeology 38, no. 3 (2006): 415–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438240600813327.

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Pusch, Carsten M., Lutz Bachmann, Martina Broghammer, and Michael Scholz. "Internal Alu-Polymerase Chain Reaction: A Sensitive Contamination Monitoring Protocol for DNA Extracted from Prehistoric Animal Bones." Analytical Biochemistry 284, no. 2 (2000): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abio.2000.4666.

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Kodaş, Ergül, and Mehmet Şan. "Tarihöncesi Arkeolojisinde Teknik-Nesne, Teknik-Bellek, Teknik Değişkenlik ve Zamansallık Üzerine Bazı Gözlemler: Tekno-Tipolojiden Tekno-Genes'e Doğru Geçiş ?" Septem Artes 2, no. 1 (2024): 29–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11213799.

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 It is thought that there are three distinct concepts of temporality in the structure of the technique-object in prehistoric times. These are defined as the temporality of the structure of the technique, the temporality of the origin of the technique, and the temporality of the trajectory of the technique, each of which is thought to contain a memory of technical origin that is essentially an epiphylogenetic (epiphylogenesis) memory. At this point, according to some scholars, «technique» is first and foremost defined as a memory. However, as mentioned above, in the study of pr

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Kohl, Philip L. "Recent Research in Central Asia." American Antiquity 50, no. 4 (1985): 789–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/280167.

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This article summarizes recent prehistoric research in western Central Asia (Western Turkestan) or the area of internal drainage towards the Caspian and Aral Seas, stretching from the Pamir massif and Fergana valley in the east to the Caspian in the west, and from the Aral in the north to the Hindu Kush watershed in Afghanistan and the eastern extension of the Alborz chain and the Iranian plateau in the south (Figure 1). This vast area contains distinct ecological zones ranging from high intermontane valleys to piedmont and alluvial plains, yet despite this diversity and its inevitable consequ

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Cochrane, Ethan E., and Carl P. Lipo. "Phylogenetic analyses of Lapita decoration do not support branching evolution or regional population structure during colonization of Remote Oceania." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1559 (2010): 3889–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0091.

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Intricately decorated Lapita pottery (3100–2700 BP) was made and deposited by the prehistoric colonizers of Pacific islands, east of the main Solomon's chain. For decades, analyses of this pottery have focused on the ancestor–descendant relationships of populations and the relative degree of interaction across the region to explain similarities in Lapita decoration. Cladistic analyses, increasingly used to examine the evolutionary relationships of material culture assemblages, have not been conducted on Lapita artefacts. Here, we present the first cladistic analysis of Lapita pottery and note

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Woźny, Marzena, and Karol Dzięgielewski. "150 years of the Jagiellonian University Archaeological Cabinet. Past and present." Recherches Archéologique Nouvelle Serie 9 (December 31, 2018): 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/rechacrac.ns9.07.

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The collection of the former Jagiellonian University Archaeological Cabinet (Gabinet Archeologiczny Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego) in Kraków is unique in Poland. This is the oldest archaeological academic collection in Poland and the only one to survive to the present day in a nearly unchanged form. The collection’s history goes back to 1867, when it was established by Józef Łepkowski, the creator of the first Chair of Archaeology in the Jagiellonian University. The basic bulk of the collection was accumulated after the January Uprising of 1863, in a period marked by increased interest in antiq

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Cauvin, Jacques, Ian Hodder, Gary O. Rollefson, Ofer Bar-Yosef, and Trevor Watkins. "The Birth of the Gods and the Origins of Agriculture by Jacques Cauvin, translated by Trevor Watkins (New Studies in Archaeology.) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000; ISBN 0-521-65135-2 hardback £37.50 & $59.95 Reviewed by Ian Hodder, Gary O. Rollefson, Ofer Bar-Yosef with a response by Trevor Watkins." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 11, no. 1 (2001): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774301000063.

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When, almost a century ago, Raphael Pumpelly put forward the ‘oasis theory’ for the origins of farming in the Near East, his was one of the first in a long series of explanations which looked to environment and ecology as the cause of the shift from hunting and gathering to cultivation and animal husbandry. Pumpelly envisaged climatic desiccation at the end of the last Ice Age as the primary factor, forcing humans, plants and animals into ever closer proximity as the arid zones expanded around them. Subsequent fieldworkers took the closer investigation of environmental changes as a key aim of

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Osterman, Alexa. "Raising Awareness About the Impacts of Squalene on the Well-Being of Individuals, Societies & the Environment!" Journal for Activist Science and Technology Education 11, no. 1 (2020): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/jaste.v11i1.34251.

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Before humans inserted themselves into the aquatic food chain, sharks were at the top maintaining balance and playing a crucial role on this earth. For hundreds of millions of years (even before the dinosaurs!) sharks have been shaping our underwater ecosystem and creating a foundation for life in all parts of the sea. Now with 95% of shark populations decreasing everywhere our health and the planet's health is at major risk. Shark livers contain an oil so hydrating and rich all cosmetic that companies want to get their hands on it. This simple substance, also known as squalene, is found all a

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Glushchenko, Volodymyr. "PAVLO ZHYTETSKYI: THE HISTORY OF THE UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE IN THE GENERAL SLAVIC CONTEXT." Studia Linguistica, no. 20 (2022): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2022.20.32-44.

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Frontal study of Slavic studies of the 19th century – 30s of XX century testified: the problem of the relationship between vocalism and consonantism in the history of Slavic languages (based on Ukrainian language material) was presented by the Ukrainian linguist Pavlo Zhytetskyi. P. Zhytetskyi put forward a concept within which each considered phonological phenomenon occupies a certain, logically justified place; it is organically included in the general concept, derives from it. According to P. Zhytetskyi, a certain phonological change (the decline of reduced vowels) is the cause of a number

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Barbalho, Matheus De Siqueira Mendes, and Paulo Henrique Moraes. "The effects of the Gua Sha technique (western view) on the flexibility of the posterior chain: series of cases." Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal 14 (December 27, 2016): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2016.14.373.

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Introduction: The Gua Sha technique is a method from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), having its origins in the prehistory, where they had the habit of rubbing their bodies to relieve symptoms of pain. The term “gua” means to scrape, brush, scratch and the term “Sha” has a more complex meaning such as sand or dirt. In China, this technique was and still is very used by the peasants. Gua Sha’s great effects exist by its simultaneous action on the skin, in the connective tissues, in the lymphatic system, in the muscles, blood vessels and the internal organs. Objectives: To verify the Gua

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Brace, Selina, Samuel T. Turvey, Marcelo Weksler, Menno L. P. Hoogland, and Ian Barnes. "Unexpected evolutionary diversity in a recently extinct Caribbean mammal radiation." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1807 (2015): 20142371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.2371.

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Identifying general patterns of colonization and radiation in island faunas is often hindered by past human-caused extinctions. The insular Caribbean is one of the only complex oceanic-type island systems colonized by land mammals, but has witnessed the globally highest level of mammalian extinction during the Holocene. Using ancient DNA analysis, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of one of the Caribbean's now-extinct major mammal groups, the insular radiation of oryzomyine rice rats. Despite the significant problems of recovering DNA from prehistoric tropical archaeological material, it

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Cetwińska, Aleksandra. "FROM THE HISTORY OF WARSAW ARCHAEOLOGY, OR HOW THIS ACADEMIC DISCIPLINE WAS INAUGURATED IN THE POLISH CAPITAL DESPITE THE ADVERSITIES OF FATE." Novensia 30 (2021): 211–29. https://doi.org/10.59587/2720-2941.30.9.

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History is a truly important tool for understanding the realities of the present. This is especially true of academic disciplines, which cannot function without understanding the origins of the research questions, the methods of their development, or the limitations of a given era. The case is no different for archaeology, whose history, though equally “ancient”, is still underestimated by many. A case in point may be the fate of Warsaw archaeology, which for over 100 years, at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, developed in the Russian Partition of Poland. Although the origin

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Ousterhout, Robert, and Dmitry Shvidkovsky. "Kievan Rus’." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 17, no. 1 (2021): 51–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2021-17-1-51-67.

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Robert Ousterhout, the author of a magnificent book “Eastern Medieval Architecture. The Building Traditions of Bizantium and Neighboring Lands”, published by Oxford University Press in 2019, the remarkable scholar and generous friend, was so kind to mention in his C. V. on the sight of Penn University (Philadelphia, USA) that he had been the Visiting professor of the Moscow architectural Institute (State Academy), as well as simulteniously of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, but he did not say that he had been awarded the degree of professor honoris causa by the academic council of MARHI. U

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Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio, Marcial Medina, Ignacio Juarez, et al. "Lineal Megalithic Scripts found at Degollada de Facay, Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain): A support of prehistoric megalithic Guanche Culture." International Journal of Modern Anthropology 2, no. 19 (2023): 1085–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijma.v2i19.3.

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Lineal Megalithic Rock Scripts have been found by us: 1) associated to megaliths in Southern Iberia Dolmens at Alcalar Dolmen (Portimao, Portugal), Cumbres Mayores Dolmens (Huelva, Spain) and in a fallen menhir at Zalamea la Real (Huelva, Spain); 2) not associated to megaliths in rocks or stones sizing from a fist in size to 110 cm or more at Zalamea la Real (Huelva, Spain) and other Malaga coastal sites; 3) in widespread rocks and stones in all main Canary Islands; and 4) in an Algerian Sahara shelter (Ti-m Missaou, Ahaggar Mountains area). These lineal megalithic rock scripts are sometimes i

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FILIPOVIĆ, ALEKSANDAR. "THE ROLE OF THE MASS MEDIA IN DEFINING YOUTH SAFETY CULTURE." PERSPEKTIVA UVOĐENJA BEZBEDNOSNE KULTURE U OBRAZOVNI SISTEM REPUBLIKE SRBIJE, (2021), special edition (1) (May 31, 2021): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.51738/kpolisa2021.18.1p.1.08.

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The need for security is one of the basic human needs, and it occupies one of the basic places in the hierarchy of human motivation. Since prehistoric times, the human community and individuals, first in harmony with nature, and then with social challenges, have developed solutions and responses to challenges and threats to their survival, existence and development. As human society has progressed in its development, new challenges and threats to both individual and collective security have progressively emerged. In today's age and in modern society, there has been a paradoxical situation, tha

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Timpson, Adrian, Ramiro Barberena, Mark G. Thomas, César Méndez, and Katie Manning. "Directly modelling population dynamics in the South American Arid Diagonal using 14 C dates." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1816 (2020): 20190723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0723.

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Large anthropogenic 14 C datasets are widely used to generate summed probability distributions (SPDs) as a proxy for past human population levels. However, SPDs are a poor proxy when datasets are small, bearing little relationship to true population dynamics. Instead, more robust inferences can be achieved by directly modelling the population and assessing the model likelihood given the data. We introduce the R package ADMUR which uses a continuous piecewise linear (CPL) model of population change, calculates the model likelihood given a 14 C dataset, estimates credible intervals using Markov

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