Thèses sur le sujet « Congo fan »

The Congo Fan has been accumulating sediment since the mid-Oligocene, and is of particular interest to the oil industry due to abundant large reservoirs contained within the meandering sandy palaeochannels from largely Miocene and Oligocene deposits. The high sedimentation rates and rich benthic foraminiferal faunas also provide an interesting record of Miocene and Oligocene palaeoceanographic change in the southeast Atlantic, a stratigraphic time interval that has had no recovery from proximal ODP and DSDP Sites. Three oil wells spanning the Upper Oligocene to Middle Miocene from the distal part of the Congo Fan (Block 31, approximately 2000 m water depth) are studied for both benthic and planktonic foraminifera using ditch cutting samples at 10 m spacing. In addition to assemblage data, 8,80 and 813C measurements have been obtained from Cibicidoides spp. for the Miocene which, along with several planktonic foraminiferal datums, provides a relatively well-constrained age model. The Oligocene sections are dominated by agglutinated benthic foraminifera and the age model is less accurate. A full taxonomy has been carried out on all foraminifera encountered, with over 150 agglutinated, 80 calcareous benthic, and 27 planktonic species described and pictured. A number of sedimentological environments contain characteristic faunas. Channel deposits are either barren or contain current-sorted calcareous specimens, levee deposits have higher abundances of transported calcareous specimens and are affected by hydrodynamic sorting, overbank deposits are dominated by high diversity in situ agglutinated faunas. Oligocene sediments from the Congo Fan consist almost entirely of agglutinated foraminifera due to deposition below a locally raised CCD. A level of decreased diversity and increased abundance (the 'Scherochorellcf event) in the intra-Upper Oligocene records a probable expansion of the oxygen minimum zone associated with polar cooling. During the Early Miocene a gradual and persistent increase in the percentage of calcareous foraminifera is mirrored by increasing benthic 813C, suggesting reduced bottom-water acidification and a lowering of the CCD. A dramatic shift in the shallow infaunal morphogroup (-16 Ma) indicates lower oxygen and a second episode of oxygen minimum zone expansion, which is coincident with cooling in this location and adds evidence for raised colder bottom waters. Global cooling at this time was probably responsible for increasing the strength of the polar front, and in turn strengthening offshore winds affecting an increase in upwelling and surface water productivity.

Pour préciser l’architecture du système turbiditique du Congo (marge Ouest-Africaine, Atlantique Sud-Est), et les variations climatiques et paléocéanographiques de la zone au cours du dernier million d’années, on a étudié les variations de la productivité des diatomées sur deux carottes de référence, KZAI-02 et RZCS-26, prélevées respectivement à 248 et 800 Kms de l’embouchure du fleuve. Cette étude est intégrée au projet REPREZAÏ, REtrogradation/PRogradation dans l’Eventail du ZAÏre, Les périodes de forte productivité diatomique sont observées vers le milieu du stade MIS6, le MIS 5d, et durant le MIS 3, liées à l’apport de nutriments, notamment la silice dissoute, par le fleuve. Les faibles taux d’accumulation en diatomées sont enregistrés au début et à la fin du MIS 6, le MIS 5e, le début du MIS 4 et l’Holocène, quand la charge terrigène dans les eaux de surface empêche la mise en place d’une forte productivité. Au large il faut un apport conséquent de silice dissoute via les décharges du fleuve, et une faible consommation de ce nutriment en amont, pour avoir une forte productivité. L’intensification des conditions d’upwelling océanique favorise la productivité diatomique. L’abondance des diatomées d’estuaires saumâtres coïncide avec l’augmentation de l’influence des décharges fluviatiles vers ~230 ka BP, période de mise en place de l’édifice axial du système turbiditique du Congo. Deux études exploratoires ont été menées en complément: L’étude de la variabilité morphométrique de l’espèce Fragilariopsis doliolus qui montre une variation importante de la surface valvaire au cours du Quaternaire ; l’étude des isotopes de la silice qui s’est avérée complexe, à cause du mélange important de silice biogénique et lithogénique dans nos échantillons<br>To precise the evolution of the Congo deep sea fan (western African margin, eastern tropical South Atlantic), and the paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic conditions of the zone during the last million years, variations of diatom productivity have been studied on two reference cores, KZAI-02 and RZCS-26, located respectively at 240 and 800 Kms of the Congo river mouth. This study is part of the REPREZAI project, REtrogradation/PRogradation in the ZAÏre deep-sea fan. High diatom accumulation rates were registered during the mid-part of MIS 6, the cold substage MIS 5d and the MIS 3-2, sustained essentially via nutrients, including dissolved silica, injected by the Congo River into the ocean. Low diatom accumulation rates were recorded during the early and late MIS 6, the MIS 5e, the early MIS 4 and the Holocene, when the terrigenous load in surface waters prevent a strong productivity. Further offshore, a substantial dissolved silica input by the discharges of the Congo river, but also a low consumption of this nutrient upstream, are required to have a strong productivity. The intensification of oceanic upwelling conditions also favors the siliceous productivity. The increasing influence of fluvial discharges, marked by a greater abundance of brackish diatoms off the mouth, corresponds fairly well to the establishment of the axial edifice of the Congo deep sea fan around ~ 230 ka BP. Two exploratory studies were conducted in complement: The study of morphometric variability of the diatom species Fragilariopsis doliolus, that highlighted important variation of the valvar surface during the Quaternary; the study of the silica isotopes that proved to be complex, because of important mix of biogenic and lithogenic silica in the samples

Grâce aux données de forages ODP du Leg 155, corrélées aux coupes sismiques haute résolution de la campagne Lobestory d’Ifremer, l’éventail géant de l’Amazone est devenu une zone privilégiée pour étudier l’évolution des systémes chenaux-levées et le processus d’avulsion qui régit l’architecture des systémes turbiditiques. Les travaux antérieurs avaient montré que le processus d’avulsion est un des processus fondamentaux de la construction des édifices turbiditiques. Il aboutit au changement brutal du cours d’un chenal et à son abandon en aval du point d’avulsion. Ce processus et les phénoménes qui en découlent (courants non-confinés, rupture de profil d’équilibre du chenal, etc. ) sont à l’origine d’une distribution sédimentaire particulière, avec des dépôts grossiers (HARPs) en semelle des chenaux. Dans le travail présenté, les paquets de réflecteurs de fortes amplitudes (HARPs) situés à la base de ces systèmes fortement aggradant, ont pu étre caractérisés en sismique comme la superposition de 4 corps sismiques élémentaires correspondant à des processus de mise en place distincts. Ils peuvent étre décrits comme une amalgamation de petites unités sableuses, chenalisées ou non, mises en place pa une succession de courants de turbiditié très sableux et de haute densité. L’étude sismique et bathymétrique de corps particuliers repérés dans l’éventail du Zaïre a permis de compléter notre connaissance des premiers (effondrement de la levée) et derniers stades (abandon du chenal père et début d’aggradation du chenal fils aprés dépôts des HARPs). Ces résultats ont permis de préciser les modèles d’avulsion proposés jusqu’ici<br>Our study focuses on the avulsion process, the key process for the depocenter migration of stacked channel-levee systems in the deepsea. To present, the avulsïon process has been explained as the abandonment of a channel (parent channel) and the birth of a new one (new channel). A true indice of avulsion has been given by the detection of the HARPs, a seismic term known since the 80s for highamplitude reflection packets at the base of new channel-levee systems. The HARPs are suggested, in analogy to the studies from ODP Leg 155 of the Amazon Fan, to be sandy deposits in lows adjacent to breached parent channels. Our present work, by re-visiting the Amazon Fan with multichannel high-resolution seismic data, highlights the great complexity of the HARPs architecture and their lithological heterogeneity. The study of some specific zones within the Zaïre Fan allowed revealing both the earliest stages of an avulsion process related to levee breaches and first splays linked to unconfined flows on the levee, and the latest stage of this process, with the first levee deposition and evolution following the HARPs deposition. These results provide new insights for the understanding of the processes involved during an avulsion event (levee breach, HARPs accumulation, levee aggradation). By describing the inter-relationship of the different architectural sub-bodies of the HARPs and giving details on both the earliest and latest stages of the avulsion, our results also provide clues to refine the previous conceptual models and reach a higher resolution knowledge of this process

In the past couple of decades, the discovery that iron is a limiting nutrient in large regions of the ocean has spurred much research into characterizing the biogeochemical controls on iron cycling. While Fe(II) is soluble at circumneutral pH, it readily oxidizes to Fe(III) in the presence of oxygen. Fe(III) is highly insoluble at circumneutral pH, presenting organisms with a bioavailability paradox stemming from the physiological challenge of using a solid phase mineral for assimilatory or dissimilatory purposes. Interestingly, dissolved organic-Fe(III) complexes can be stable in seawater in the presence of oxygen, and an active flux of these complexes has recently been measured in estuarine sediments. Their sources and biogeochemical role, however, remain poorly understood. In this work, a suite of field and laboratory techniques were developed to quantify diagenetic processes involved in the remineralization of carbon in marine sediments in situ, investigate the role of these organic-Fe(III) complexes in sediment biogeochemistry, and characterize the composition of the ligands possibly involved in the solubilization of Fe(III) in marine sediments. The first-of-its-kind in situ electrochemical analyzer and HPLC was used to better constrain diagenetic processes that may lead to the formation of dissolved organic-Fe(III) complexes in the Altamaha estuary and Carolina slope. An intensive study of the Satilla River estuary reveals that dissimilatory iron-reduction contributes to the formation of sedimentary organic-Fe(III) complexes, which are demonstrated to serve as an electron acceptor in subsequent incubations with a model iron-reducing microorganism. Similar observations in deep-sea slope and abyssal plain sediments fed by the Mississippi and Congo Rivers suggest that dissimilatory iron reduction may represent an important component of carbon remineralization in river-dominated ocean margin sediments that may be currently underestimated globally. To confirm that these organic-Fe(III) complexes are produced during microbial iron reduction, novel separation schemes were developed to extract and identify Fe(III)-binding ligands from sediment pore waters. Preliminary results reveal the presence of a few select low-molecular weight compounds in all pore waters extracted, suggesting they might be endogenous ligands secreted by iron-reducing bacteria to non-reductively dissolve Fe(III) minerals prior to reduction.

Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras, Florianópolis, 2016.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T04:12:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 342014.pdf: 5463875 bytes, checksum: 01999f26d2c8286761541f1f77c881ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016<br>Esta dissertação se constitui enquanto um trabalho de pesquisa-ação a respeito da leitura e da produção textual de contos fantásticos e fanfictions, ligado à grande área da Linguística Aplicada. O objetivo geral estabelecido para este trabalho foi desenvolver uma pesquisa de elaboração didática de leitura, produção textual escrita e análise linguística de contos fantásticos e fanfictions articulando ao texto elementos multi e hipermodais, de modo a investigar se a presença e a introdução desses elementos nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa ampliam o desempenho dos alunos na produção textual, de um modo geral e, em particular, de contos fantásticos e fanfictions. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma proposta de elaboração didática durante as aulas de Língua Portuguesa de uma turma de 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em uma escola da rede estadual de educação de Santa Catarina, situada na região do Vale do Itajaí. O desenvolvimento das aulas culminou com a realização de uma atividade de produção textual com os gêneros discursivos conto fantástico e fanfiction. Tendo em vista o incentivo da articulação de elementos multimodais nos textos dos alunos, as produções textuais foram postadas em perfis de blogs criados por eles durante as aulas da pesquisa-ação. Para analisar tais produções, contamos com um referencial teórico embasado nos estudos do Círculo de Bakhtin, entre outros autores estudiosos do ensino e aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa na esfera escolar, da área do Letramento e dos Multiletramentos. Em decorrência de tais análises, foi possível identificar que houve a articulação dos elementos multi e hipermodais no que se refere à produção textual dos alunos e que tal articulação contribuiu para a construção de novos conhecimentos não só em relação à produção textual, mas também à leitura e às práticas de análise linguística.<br><br>Abstract : This work is constituted as an action research about reading and textual production of fantastic tales and fanfictions, liked to Applied Linguistics research area. The focus of this work was to develop a didactic elaboration research about reading, textual production and linguistic analysis of fantastic tales and fanfictions, adding multimodal and hypermodal elements to the text, to investigate if the presence and addition of these elements in a Portuguese class extend the performance of students in the textual production in general and, in specific case, about fantastic tales and fanfictions. Therefore, a didactic elaboration was developed in a Portuguese class, in a class of 7th grade of elementary school, this action research was developed in a public school located in the Itajaí Valley region - Santa Catarina. The classes? activities culminated with a textual production activity about fantastic tale and fanfiction speech genres. With a view to encouraging joint multisemiotic elements in the texts of the students, the textual productions were posted on profile blogs created for themselves during the activities of this action research. To analyze such productions, we have a theoretical support based in the Bakhtin Circle studies, and others scholars authors of the teaching and learning of Portuguese language in the school sphere, the area of literacy and multiliteracies.

Nella tesi si studiano le varietà toriche e si mostrano metodi per costruirle. Si mostra una corrispondenza tra esse e i coni convessi di un reticolo (o, piu' generalmente i "fan" di coni convessi per le varietà toriche proiettive). Si analizzano aspetti e caratteristiche di queste varietà e si studiano le singolarità di esse, se ne fa una classificazione in relazione agli aspetti geometrici degli oggetti combinatori ad esse associati.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 323-342). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T23:50:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseaneDaRochaDantasCavalcanti_DISSERT.pdf: 2930362 bytes, checksum: 34e772aa1eb2ca5ff06d2876b8c69aad (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-12T18:53:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseaneDaRochaDantasCavalcanti_DISSERT.pdf: 2930362 bytes, checksum: 34e772aa1eb2ca5ff06d2876b8c69aad (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-12T18:53:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseaneDaRochaDantasCavalcanti_DISSERT.pdf: 2930362 bytes, checksum: 34e772aa1eb2ca5ff06d2876b8c69aad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-05<br>A pretensa invulnerabilidade masculina v?m se constituindo em fator de vulnerabiliza??o ao adoecimento, acrescido ao fato da invisibilidade de suas demandas pelos servi?os de sa?de, no que diz respeito a organiza??o dos servi?os e as cren?as em rela??o a masculinidade significar sin?nimo de n?o cuidado. Temos nesse contexto, a necessidade de cria??o e intensifica??o de estrat?gias na aten??o b?sica que contemple de maneira singular os homens. Diante desse cen?rio, realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa de car?ter interventivo visando compreender se a pr?tica inventiva da Tenda do Conto pode se configurar como um espa?o de cuidado humanizado e integral para a sa?de dos homens usu?rios da Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia. O estudo foi realizado com nove homens em uma Unidade de Sa?de da Fam?lia, no munic?pio de Cuit?-PB. Como estrat?gia metodol?gica, utilizamos a entrevista e a participa??o dos homens na Tenda do Conto, mediada pela pesquisadora; e o di?rio de campo da pesquisadora e sua assistente. A Tenda do Conto se configura como um espa?o aberto, atrav?s de encontros onde usu?rios e profissionais de sa?de partilham sabedorias e experi?ncias de vida, estimulando a co-responsabilidade na busca de solu??es e supera??o dos desafios, constituindo uma estrat?gia de otimiza??o no acolhimento e estabelecimento de v?nculo alicer?ado no princ?pio de humaniza??o. Para a an?lise e interpreta??o das narrativas recorremos ? Hermen?utica Gadameriana. A partir do di?logo com as narrativas dos homens nas tendas e entrevistas obtivemos alguns eixos tem?ticos: 1) Ser homem ? dar conta de tudo! Nesse eixo constatamos a responsabilidade para com tudo e a centralidade do trabalho na constru??o das masculinidades, o ter car?ter configurando a for?a do ser homem e ? Ser normal, ? n?o ser machista ao falarem em respeito ?s diferen?as como algo que deveria ser normal na constitui??o do masculino. 2) Concep??es sobre sa?de: viver bem e n?o sentir nada. Eles partiam da aus?ncia de doen?a, indo ao bem estar, com destaque no decorrer das tendas para a presen?a da m?sica, do lazer, e da conviv?ncia entre eles como aliados em sua sa?de. 3) Concep??es sobre bom atendimento: a busca pela resolutividade surgem ao lado do acolhimento. 4) Os homens na/da Tenda, carecem de que?: Demandas de sa?de masculinas: os carecimentos expl?citos - observamos hipertens?o arterial, gastrite, problemas de pr?stata, dor f?sica e ansiedade. Revelando necessidades: eles carecem de que? Eles (re)conhecem a necessidade de dar visibilidade e cuidado as suas quest?es emocionais. 5) A tenda do Conto para homens e a produ??o de vida! Neste eixo, da timidez inicial ao (re)conhecimento do outro e a alegria de poder falar o que vem de dentro do cora??o, evidenciam os ganhos obtidos com a Tenda para a express?o de suas singularidades e subjetividades.<br>The alleged male invulnerability has become a factor of vulnerability to illness, added to the fact of the invisibility of their demands by the health services, regarding the organization of services and beliefs regarding masculinity signify synonymous with non-care. In this context, we have the need to create and intensify strategies in basic care that contemplate men in a unique way. In view of this scenario, we conducted a qualitative research of an interventional character in order to understand if the Tale Tent inventive practice can be configured as a space of humanized and integral care for the health of men who use the Family Health Strategy. The study was carried out with nine men in a Family Health Unit, in the city of Cuit?-PB. As a methodological strategy, we used the interview, and the men's participation in the Tale Tent, mediated by the researcher; and the researcher's field diary and her assistant. The Tale Tent is an open space, through meetings where users and health professionals share wisdom and life experiences, stimulating co-responsibility in the search for solutions and overcoming challenges, constituting a strategy of optimization in the reception and establishment Based on the principle of humanization. For the analysis and interpretation of the narratives, we turn to the Gadamerian Hermeneutics. From the dialogue with the narratives of the men in the tents and interviews, we obtained some thematic axes: 1) To be man is to give account of everything! In this axis, we find the centrality of work in the construction of masculinities, and the responsibility towards everything and character having the force of being man; 2) Conceptions about health: living well and feeling nothing. They started from the absence of illness, going to well-being, with emphasis in the course of the tents for the presence of music, leisure, and coexistence among them allies in their health. 3) Conceptions about good service: the search for resolution and access arise alongside the reception and quality of communication. 4) Health demands and the tent: revealing needs. Of the demands, we observe hypertension, gastritis, prostate problems, physical pain and anxiety. They highlight their needs for resorting to health services and (re-) know the need to give visibility and care to their emotional issues. 5) The Tale Tent and the recognition of the other by the word. In this axis, from the initial shyness to (re) knowledge and the joy of being able to speak, evidence the gains obtained with the Tent for the expression of its singularities and subjectivities. Through the account of these men, their stories of joys and pains, we verified how much it was possible to take care of the masculine health besides the illness and the instrumental care. By enhancing and welcoming the dimensions of masculine subjectivity, protagonism in health, and promoting a dialogical encounter, the Tent of Tale has exercised a place of humanized and integral care for these men within the scope of the ESF and can continue to inspire more practices that Favor the reception of existential pains and the reunion with the power of encounters, because these needs are too human.

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-07-20T21:53:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O PAULO ROBERTO finalz?o 09 03.pdf: 3626215 bytes, checksum: a916a4a7fbf307b65ccad4330d1dd18c (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T21:53:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O PAULO ROBERTO finalz?o 09 03.pdf: 3626215 bytes, checksum: a916a4a7fbf307b65ccad4330d1dd18c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-22<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES<br>Study qualitative, exploratory, with the objective of understanding the experiences of families of children with microcephaly by Zika virus. For the production of empirical data we explore the narratives of relatives contained in videos posted on the YouTube Internet platform published between 10/01/2015 and 07/31/2016, as well as narratives obtained from an in-depth interview, of the story-theme design applied in 11 family members of children with microcephaly attended at the Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional in Feira de Santana, as well as field diary material. The data collection took place between September and November 2017. For the treatment of the data we adopted the thematic content analysis and the iconographic analysis. The results are organized in: Article 1 - Bad news: experiences and feelings of families regarding the diagnosis of microcephaly by Zika virus; A session entitled: Understanding the family dynamics of study participants; Article 2 - "Well run, very fast ...": experiences of care of mothers of children with microcephaly by Zika; Article 3 - Family organization to take care of the child with microcephaly by z?ka virus. Microcephaly is revealed in the prenatal period, through imaging tests, or during the immediate or late postpartum. Relatives live with feelings of sadness, despair, pain, fright, commotion, disorientation and terror. After diagnosis, family members seek to understand microcephaly through internet resources, and question God's permission and the relevance of scientific knowledge. Mothers experience day-to-day organizing and cleaning the home environment, caring for their children and the specific care of the child with microcephaly, regarding lullaby, since children cry frequently, requiring the mother to spend hours with the child in the lap; Give a shower; change diapers; to feed; play; and, stimulate. They learn to differentiate cognitive, psychomotor, auditory, and visual impairments; recognize progress in the development and new needs of children; identify episodes of seizure; consider patience and attention relevant to care; and, seek to learn about new thematic and unknown terms such as calcifications. Family members build a network of solidarity and unity for the benefit of the child, family relationships are strengthened, bringing together previously conflicting relationships. Caregivers include mothers, fathers, grandparents, sisters, cousins, aunts, friends and neighbors, with the mother being the protagonist who also coordinates and defines the roles played by other people. Family members practice care that has been organized in four dimensions: "Take care"; Encourage; Access Resources and Services. We recommend that family members and health workers attend to the restriction of social interaction, weakening marital relationships, jealousy behaviors on the part of siblings, worsening of grandparents' health conditions, and financial difficulties that may affect the family of children with microcephaly.<br>Estudo qualitativo, do tipo explorat?rio, com objetivo de compreender as experi?ncias de fam?lias de crian?as com microcefalia por Zika v?rus. Para produ??o de dados emp?ricos exploramos as narrativas de familiares contidas em v?deos postados na plataforma virtual da internet YouTube publicados entre 01/10/2015 e 31/07/2016, e tamb?m narrativas obtidas de entrevista em profundidade, do desenho est?ria-tema aplicados em 11 familiares de crian?as com microcefalia atendidos na Associa??o de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais em Feira de Santana, al?m de material do di?rio de campo. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro a novembro de 2017. Para tratamento dos dados adotamos a an?lise de conte?do tem?tica e a an?lise iconogr?fica. Os resultados encontram-se organizados em: Artigo 1 ? M?s not?cias: experi?ncias e sentimentos de fam?lias face o diagn?stico de microcefalia por Zika v?rus; Uma se??o intitulada: Compreendendo a din?mica familiar dos participantes do estudo; Artigo 2 ? ?Bem corrido, muito corrido...?: experi?ncias de cuidado de m?es de crian?as com microcefalia por Zika; Artigo 3 ? Organiza??o familiar para cuidar da crian?a com microcefalia por z?ka v?rus. A microcefalia ? revelada no per?odo pr?-natal, atrav?s de exames de imagens, ou durante o p?s-parto imediato ou tardio. Os familiares convivem com sentimentos de tristeza, desespero, dor, susto, como??o, desorienta??o e terror. Ap?s o diagn?stico, os familiares buscam compreender a microcefalia atrav?s dos recursos da internet, e questionam a permiss?o de Deus e a relev?ncia do conhecimento cient?fico. As m?es experienciam o dia a dia organizando e limpando o ambiente dom?stico, exercendo os cuidados aos filhos e o cuidado espec?fico ? crian?a com microcefalia, referentes a: ninar, pois as crian?as choram com frequ?ncia, necessitando que a m?e passe horas com a crian?a no colo; dar banho; trocar fralda; alimentar; brincar; e, estimular. Elas aprendem a diferenciar as defici?ncias cognitivas, psicomotoras, auditivas e visuais; reconhecem os avan?os no desenvolvimento e as novas necessidades das crian?as; identificam epis?dios de convuls?o; consideram a paci?ncia e a aten??o relevantes para o cuidado; e, buscam apreender sobre novas tem?ticas e termos desconhecidos como calcifica??es. Os familiares constroem uma rede de solidariedade e uni?o em prol da crian?a, as rela??es familiares s?o fortalecidas, aproximando rela??es antes conflituosas. Participam do cuidado as m?es, pais, av?s, irm?s (os), primos (as), tias (os), amigas e vizinhas, havendo protagonismo da m?e que tamb?m coordena e define os papeis desempenhados pelas outras pessoas. Os familiares exercem cuidados que foram organizados em quatro dimens?es: Cuidar Integralmente; ?Tomar Conta?; Estimular; Acessar Recursos e Servi?os. Recomendamos que os familiares e trabalhadores da sa?de atentem para a restri??o do conv?vio social, enfraquecimento das rela??es conjugais, comportamentos que indiquem ci?mes por parte dos irm?os, agravamento das condi??es de sa?de das av?s e dificuldades financeiras que podem repercutir na fam?lia de crian?as com microcefalia.

The expansion of Swahili into the inner portion of Africa has routinely been explained by researchers in terms of social and economic reasons, taking into account activities of Arab traders, expansion of Islam and/or Christianity, colonisation, development of mining in Shaba region and other such factors. No explanation currently exists to my knowledge that considers the structural reasons for the expansion of Swahili, which this paper seeks to address. Concerning the power relationship between Swahili and local (mostly Bantu) languages, Swahili is thought to be on the upper level and local languages are on the lower level. This is true because Swahili is used as a lingua franca over a wide area of different languages. With respect to lexical transfer, for example, most researchers state that lexical transfer occurs from Swahili to local languages, while ignoring the influence of the local language on Swahili. However, examination of Swahili and local languages spoken together in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo suggests that the transfer is bidirectional, and the transfer from local languages to Swahili is noteworthy. In fact, Swahili adopts elements of local languages to adapt itself to the local situation, making the language familiar to local people. This paper demonstrates this by explaining the parallelism of the tense/aspect system and kinship terminology of Congo Swahili and local languages (Tembo in particular) which differ from Standard Swahili.