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1
L'insurrection des Noirs, mulâtres et zambos : Coro-Venezuela, 1795. Paris : L'Harmattan, 2022.
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Laurel, Salvador H. Neither trumpets nor drums : Summing up the Cory government. [Manila?] : PDM Press, 1992.
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Neither trumpets nor drums : Summing up the Cory government. [Manila] : S.H. Laurel, 1992.
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Wilkinson, Robert, et René Gabriels, dir. The Englishization of Higher Education in Europe. NL Amsterdam : Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463727358.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The introduction of English as a medium of instruction (EMI) has changed higher education enormously in many European countries. This development is increasingly encapsulated under the term Englishization, that is, the increasing dispersion of English as a means of communication in non-Anglophone contexts. Englishization is not undisputed. Nor is it uniform. In this volume, authors from 15 European countries present analyses from a range of perspectives coalescing around four core concerns: the quality of education, cultural identity, inequality of opportunities and questions of justice and democracy.
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Corti, Claudia, Pietro Lo Cascio et Marta Biaggini, dir. Mainland and insular lacertid lizards. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-523-8.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Lacertid lizards have long been a fruitful field of scientific enquiry with many people working on them over the past couple of hundred years. The scope of the field has steadily increased, beginning with taxonomy and anatomy and gradually spreading so that it includes such topics as phylogenetics, behaviour, ecology, and conservation. Since 1992, a series of symposia on lacertid lizards of the Mediterranean basin have taken place every three years. The present volume stems from the 2004 meeting in the Aeolian Islands. In the volume a wide range of island topics are considered, including the systematics of the species concerned, from both morphological and molecular viewpoints, interaction with other taxa, and conservation. The last topic is especially important, as island lizards across the world have often been vulnerable to extinction, after they came into contact with people and the animals they introduced. The volume also has papers on the more positive aspects of human influence, specifically the benign effects of traditional agriculture on at least some reptile species. Olive trees, cork oaks and the banks and walls of loose rocks that crisscross the Mediterranean scene all often contribute to elevated lizard populations. Nor is more basic biology neglected and there are articles on morphology, reproduction, development and thermoregulation. Finally, it is good to see one paper on non-Mediterranean species is included. For, to fully understand the lacertids of this region, it is necessary to appreciate their close relatives in Africa, Asia and the archipelagos of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. (From Preface by E. Nicholas Arnold & Wolfgang Böhme)
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Hester, Mike. Barcelona Hotel : A Hard-Core Noir Novel. Independently Published, 2020.
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Traviata -- Act II, Coro Di Mattadori Spagnuoli -- Di Madride Noi Siam Mattadori : Vocal Score. Alfred Music, 2022.
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Bátiz-Lazo, Bernardo. The Network Becomes the Core of the ATM. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782810.003.0005.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Chapter 5 (‘The Network Becomes the Core of the ATM’) traces the emergence of proprietary ATM networks and the formation of shared networks in the USA, Canada, and Britain. The formation of these networks bears witness to the transformation of the ATM and other forms of applications of computer technology from a potential source of competitive advantage to a minimum requirement for competition in retail banking. Detailed examples of all three countries exemplify alternative network configurations. These, in turn, help to illustrate different competitive strategies to implement technological change as well as show that the competitive transformation of the ATM was neither inevitable nor poised to follow a single path of development. The role of standards and particularly the encoding of messages communication between the ATM and the bank’s computer centre come to the fore. These help to elucidate some of the technological challenges of the 1980s.
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Toksöz Fairbairn, Kevin. dis/cord : Thinking Sound through Agential Realism. punctum books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53288/0360.1.00.
Texte intégralRésumé :
dis/cord is an experiment in reading sound. Embarking from Karen Barad’s early work on agential realism, it diffracts quantum physics through sound art, finding the sympathetic resonances that allow them to speak together. dis/cord believes in the materialism of sound, and strives not to understand it, but to become entangled with it. It asserts that impartial observation is impossible and understands immersion as a participatory and collaborative act. Sound art pieces provide the backdrop for a series of reflections on space, time, and matter. They trace the “marks on bodies” that sound leaves behind in its ephemeral vibration, finding new forms of sensation and interpretation through the pain and hearing loss that a life devoted to sound can cause. Drifting between sound studies, artistic research, musicology, and craftsmanship, dis/cord uses agential realism as a platform to approach thinking with, through, and about sound. Following Barad’s commitment to diffraction as a form of critique, it superposes a variety of sounds and ideas in the hope that their consonances and dissonances can provoke new ways of engaging with sound as a cultural and material agent. It is neither an appeal to scientist positivism nor a mystical immersion in listening. Rather, it builds from the intertwined physical and metaphysical curiosities that characterize Barad’s work, proposing a corporeal engagement with the disjointed temporal and spacial (dis)continuities that sonic materialism helps to build, understand, and create.
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Corniste, Carnets. Cahier de Musique : Carnet de Partitions Pour Cor - Papier Manuscrit - 13 Portées Par Page - 110 Pages - Grand Format A4 - Couverture Noire. Independently Published, 2020.
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Kitch, Sally L. Journeys through Contested Terrain. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038709.003.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter presents the author's account of her relationship with two Afghan women, Jamila Afghani, founder and director of an Afghan-based educational NGO then called the Noor Educational Center (NEC), and Marzia Basel, the judge and founder of the Afghan Women Judges Association. These women would eventually ask her to write about their personal stories and political perspectives on Afghan women's tumultuous and contested opportunities and responsibilities, a request that she honored as the core and inspiration of this book. She realized that their journey together—more metaphorical than literal but also involving much travel and change of scene—would take them over such contested terrain.
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Edwards, George C. Why the Electoral College Is Bad for America. Yale University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300243888.001.0001.
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This is the third edition of the definitive book on the unique system by which Americans choose a presidents, and why that system should be changed. It is a critique of the U.S. electoral college and includes a new chapter focusing on the 2016 election. The book examines the function of the electoral college during the 2016 presidential elections and argues that the electoral college did not work as it should have. The book claims that the electoral college distorted the electoral process and gave the candidates strong incentives to ignore most of the country. It did not guarantee victory to the candidate receiving the most votes, nor ensure national harmony, nor provide the winner a broad coalition and a mandate to govern. The book asserts that there is a need to focus directly and systematically on the core questions surrounding the electoral college and assess whether its role in American democracy is justified.
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Johnston, Mark. Sensory Disclosure. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198732570.003.0007.
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This chapter presents a general theory of color perception that focuses on something close to what Wilfred Sellars called “the sensory core”, something well-described in a passage from H. H. Price’s Perception. It develops the implications of that theory for (i) the distinctive epistemology of perception, which in the best case involves something better than mere knowledge, (ii) the nature of ganzfelds, film color, highlights, lightened and darkened color, auras, after-images, color hallucinations and the like, (iii) the account of when things are predicatively colored, and (iv) the nature of the category of quality. The chapter argues that as a consequence of understanding the sensory core we should reject the two most influential views in the philosophical theory of perception. Our most basic perceptual experiences are not adequately modeled as attitudes directed upon propositions. Nor are they adequately modeled as directed upon facts, understood as items in our perceived environment.
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Shapiro, Lisa. Malebranche on Pleasure and Awareness in Sensory Perception. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190225100.003.0007.
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Malebranche, in his telling of the Fall of Man, provides the core of his account of our distinctively human perception. At the moment of the Fall, Adam comes to see the apple not simply as something serving his self-preservation, but as an object with particular properties. The key to that shift is the pleasure Adam takes in the apple. This puzzling account sheds light on both Malebranche’s account of the ‘interior sentiment’ that constitutes our phenomenal consciousness of objects and his account of sensation as natural judgments. Malebranche positions pleasure as centrally involved in sensory perception in helping structure our representations. For him, it is neither representational in itself nor epiphenomenal.
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Arneson, Richard J. Freedom and Religion. Sous la direction de David Schmidtz et Carmen E. Pavel. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199989423.013.19.
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The core of freedom of religion is that individuals should be free to form their beliefs about religious matters (and other matters) against a wide, secure background regime of freedom of speech and expression and should be free to join together with like-minded others to worship and proselytize. Controversy about religion and freedom centers on the question whether religious freedom should receive special protection. One view is that religious freedom merits special accommodation. Another is that the state ought not to adopt policies that cannot be justified except by appeals to controversial religious claims, nor promote one type of religion or church over any other or over nonreligious beliefs, practices, and institutions; there should be no establishment of religion. This chapter suggests answers to both the accommodation issue and the establishment issue.
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Roth, Paul A. Social Psychology and Genocide. Sous la direction de Donald Bloxham et A. Dirk Moses. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199232116.013.0011.
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This article examines what purports to be a core standing problem in the explanation of genocide — how to account for the large number of people willing to participate in mass murders. It contends that research in social psychology has already answered the question of ‘perpetrator production’. Recruiting people to be perpetrators proves to be alarmingly easy. In addition, the application of social psychology to genocide has also become entangled in an ongoing moral debate, a debate that focuses on whether an emphasis on the extrinsic predictors of behaviour fits with a sense that people should be held morally and legally responsible for the choices they make. The discussion also argues that social psychology neither casts a pall of inevitability over such events nor provides moral exculpation for those involved.
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Chiracu, Alina. Pretul frumusetii. Tulburarile alimentare si implicatiile psihosociale ale acestora. Editura Universitara, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5682/9786062813277.
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Frumusetea este in fiecare dintre noi... sub o forma sau alta. Frumusetea este o reflectare a ceea ce suntem in interior, in exterior, in minte si in trup, in toate adunate. Atunci cand ne raportam la standardele stricte de frumusete impuse de industria fashion sau media, frumusetea devine o tinta, adesea greu de atins, al carei pret poate deveni extrem de ridicat. Tulburarile alimentare se asociaza intr-o mare masura cu atingerea standardelor de frumusete, cu dorinta de a avea un corp subtire, cu visul de a avea un aspect perfect. Pare greu de suportat gandul ca nu suntem impecabili, suntem invatati sa ne raportam la un ideal pentru atingerea caruia facem eforturi adesea dureroase. Ne comparam cu ceilalti, ne pozitionam mai sus sau mai jos, uitand ca suntem mai mult decat corpul nostru, uitand ca este atat de simplu sa ne acceptam pur si simplu, sa fim de acord cu ceea ce este natural si autentic in noi. Meritam sa ne simtim frumosi, sa ne iubim pentru ceea ce suntem si sa mentinem un echilibru intre aspectul nostru si starea de sanatate fizica si psihica. Putem avea grija de corpul nostru si fara sacrificii, dar numai atunci cand intelegem ca adevarata frumusete nu este impusa de niste standarde, ci exista in sine, atunci cand ii permitem sa se exprime liber.
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Gordon, Gregory S. The Liability Gap in Reference to Hate Speech and War Crimes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190612689.003.0008.
Texte intégralRésumé :
If the hate speech–core crime relationship is plagued by internal incoherence with respect to incitement to genocide and instigation and institutional incompatibility as concerns persecution, the problem in reference to war crimes is quite different. In effect, as Chapter 7 demonstrates, the issue is an absence of law. Remarkably, given the inherently violent nature of the battlefield, with the exception of directly ordering grave breaches, international humanitarian law contains no hate speech provisions. The same is true of the relevant international criminal law instruments—neither the ad hoc tribunal statutes nor the Rome Statute contains hate speech provisions in reference to war crimes. Providing an overview of the modern history of hate speech on the battlefield, this chapter explores the deadly implications of this normative vortex and details the relevant legal instruments that evidence it.
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Sherman, Stuart. Finding Their Accounts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199580033.003.0022.
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This chapter focuses on the peculiarities of the Spectator, a publication which began in 1711. The Spectator is neither autobiography nor novel; it offers, starting with its first number, a useful map through the maze of their intertwining. That the two genres were intimately enmeshed during the decades of their first emergence is a proposition at once self-evident and much canvassed. But the chapter shows how the Spectator may provide a route worth further canvassing. In the peculiar characteristics of its wildly popular authorial persona, it plays out as paradigm (and as parody too) core patterns of transaction between author and reader which had already begun to establish the narrative of ‘my own History’ (whether factual or fictive) as a newly hypnotic cultural artefact — and as a mode of writing whose powerful appeal resides in ‘separations’.
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Ladyman, James. Scientism with a Humane Face. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190462758.003.0005.
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Scientism is usually thought of as sinful, but it can be redeemed for our salvation. Scientism should not be dogmatic, nor should it ignore the actual limitations to current science. Other modes of inquiry deserve epistemic respect, and scientists should not be deferred to about matters beyond their expertise. However, limits should not be placed on what science can study and we cannot say in advance what the limits of future science will be. Where science conflicts with common sense, religion, and tradition, it should be regarded as authoritative for the purposes of education and public policy as well as objective inquiry; and scientific knowledge is even relevant to moral and political deliberation. This is the core of scientism. This chapter elaborates a way of thinking of scientism as a stance characterized in terms of positive and negative components and argues for a humane form of scientism.
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Prendes-Alvarez, Stefania, Alan F. Schatzberg et Charles B. Nemeroff. Pharmacological Treatments for Unipolar Depression. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780199342211.003.0011.
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Major depressive disorder is a chronic syndrome associated with high mortality (secondary to suicide and increased risk for heart disease, stroke, and other serious diseases). It is one of the most common medical disorders affecting adults in the world today. In the United States, the lifetime prevalence of major depression is 16.7% for adults. The average age of onset is 32 years, and women are 70% more likely to develop depression than men. Neither the core requisite symptoms for the diagnosis of a major depressive episode nor the required duration of at least 2 weeks has changed from DSM-IV to DSM-5. This chapter discusses the main issues surrounding the treatment of major depressive disorder, such as suicidality and goals of treatment, and provides information about all treatment options approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Drugs are categorized by their mechanisms of action.
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Conley, Tom. Montaigne on Alterity. Sous la direction de Philippe Desan. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215330.013.41.
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Designating what is strange, or unknown, alterity stands at the core of the Essays. Inquiring of what escapes or exceeds representation, the essays embody a relation d’inconnu, a term to describe a basic condition of life, felt acutely when we realize that reason can inform us neither about why we are in the world nor about the nature of death. Montaigne gets at alterity through bodily alienation and alteration. Four areas are keynote: (1) alterity of the New World that acquires political inflection in “Of cannibals” and “Of coaches”; (2) his bodily alteration in the Travel Journal, when, plagued with urinary stones, he travels to Italy; (3) the enigma of biological life, when, following a brush with death and a fantasy of birth in “Of practice,” Montaigne fathoms the inner folds of his body; (4) resolutely, in the monstrous form and execution of the “Apology for Raymond Sebond.”
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Steger, Ulrich. Future Perspectives of Corporate Social Responsibility. Sous la direction de Andrew Crane, Dirk Matten, Abagail McWilliams, Jeremy Moon et Donald S. Siegel. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199211593.003.0027.
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This contribution not only tries to place the current debate in the context of developments over the last twenty-five years, but also exhorts academics to design less ‘holistic’ concepts (which easily degenerate into propaganda used in political debate), to contribute to transparency by providing sober empirical evidence, and to express more appreciation for marginal yet continuous incremental improvements in the business world. The public rhetoric about corporate social responsibility has not had any significant effect on everyday life in the corporate sector, nor has the wealth of currently available academic research and suggestions. To put it in a nutshell: even for the most risk-exposed companies or industries, everything beyond the (hard-) core business is of secondary importance. Any empirical evidence is only a snapshot of the status quo. Identifying drivers for change and emerging trends is a more compelling challenge than simply describing the current state of affairs.
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Johnson-Laird, P. N., et Sangeet S. Khemlani. Mental Models and Causation. Sous la direction de Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.4.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The theory of mental models accounts for the meanings of causal relations in daily life. They refer to seven temporally-ordered deterministic relations between possibilities, which include causes, prevents, and enables. Various factors—forces, mechanisms, interventions—can enter into the interpretation of causal assertions, but they are not part of their core meanings. Mental models represent only salient possibilities, and so they are identical for causes and enables, which may explain failures to distinguish between their meanings. Yet, reasoners deduce different conclusions from them, and distinguish between them in scenarios, such as those in which one event enables a cause to have its effect. Neither causation itself nor the distinction between causes and enables can be captured in the pure probability calculus. Statistical regularities, however, often underlie the induction of causal relations. The chapter shows how models help to resolve inconsistent causal scenarios and to reverse engineer electrical circuits.
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Sullivan, Mark D. Health as the Capacity for Action. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780195386585.003.0006.
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Objective definitions of health and disease are favored because they promise a value-free measure of health problems and health care needs. But objective health does not simply cause the subjective experience of health. Self-rated health predicts mortality, disability, and hospitalizations for up to a decade after controlling for objective measures of health. Objective tissue abnormalities cannot be discovered to be pathological without reference to the experiences of patients acting in their natural environment. Patients adapt to chronic illness and its functional deficits over time with real improvements in their quality of life. Problems like pain and depression do not distort quality of life assessments, but are at their core. Since neither objective nor subjective models of health are valid, we must derive a different model: health as capacity for action. Any adequate approach to health must foster the patient’s sense of agency, her capacity to achieve her vital goals.
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Löwisch, Ingeborg. Miriam ben Amram, or,. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198722618.003.0021.
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1 Chronicles 1–9 presents an archive of genealogies that performs memory and identities of Israel in a highly nuanced manner. Numerous references to women fulfil structural functions at the core of the genealogy performance, first and foremost in the genealogies of Judah. In contrast, the central genealogies of Levi only provide a single gendered fragment: they list Miriam as one of the ‘sons’ of Amram (5:29). Other Levite women, for example those listed in Exodus 6:16–25, are missing. Miriam herself is not formally linked to the many sisters that are mentioned in 1 Chronicles 1–9, nor are her capacities as musician, dancer, prophet, and leader brought into play. Embarking from this striking gap, the chapter addresses the question of how Bible texts that are predominantly male-centred can be read from a gender perspective, specifically in view of submitting them to a critical post-secular discourse on the Hebrew Bible and beyond.
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Wilson, Bart J. The Property Species. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190936785.001.0001.
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What is property, and why does our species happen to have it? The Property Species explores how Homo sapiens acquires, perceives, and knows the custom of property, and why it might be relevant for understanding how property works in the twenty-first century. Arguing from some hard-to-dispute facts that neither the natural sciences nor the humanities—nor the social sciences squarely in the middle—are synthesizing a full account of property, this book offers a cross-disciplinary compromise that is sure to be controversial: All human beings and only human beings have property in things, and at its core, property rests on custom, not rights. Such an alternative to conventional thinking contends that the origins of property lie not in food, mates, territory, or land, but in the very human act of creating, with symbolic thought, something new that did not previously exist. Integrating cognitive linguistics with the philosophy of property and a fresh look at property disputes in the common law, this book makes the case that symbolic-thinking humans locate the meaning of property within a thing. The provocative implications are that property—not property rights—is an inherent fundamental principle of economics, and that legal realists and the bundle-of-sticks metaphor are wrong about the facts regarding property. Written by an economist who marvels at the natural history of humankind, the book is essential reading for experts and any reader who has wondered why people claim things as “Mine!,” and what that means for our humanity.
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Hunter, Mark C. Policing the Seas. Liverpool University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780973893465.001.0001.
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This journal explores the British and American attempts to suppress both piracy and slavery in the equatorial Atlantic in the period 1816 to 1865. It aims to demonstrate the pivotal role of naval policy in defining the Anglo-American relationship. It defines the equatorial Atlantic as the region encompassing the coastal zones of the Gulf of Mexico, Central America, Northern Brazil, and the African coast from Cape Verde to the south of the Congo River. It explores the use of sea power by both nations in pursuit of their goals, and the Anglo-American naval relations during this relatively co-operative period. At its core, it argues that naval activities result from national interests - in this instance protecting commerce and furthering economic objectives, a source of tension between America and Britain during the period. It confirms that the two nations were neither allies nor enemies during the period, yet learnt to co-exist non-violently through their strategic use of sea power during peacetime. The journal consists of an introductory chapter, eight chapters of analysis, and a select bibliography.
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Gazis, George Alexander, et Anthony Hooper, dir. Aspects of Death and the Afterlife in Greek Literature. Liverpool University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621495.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The concept of the afterlife has always been prominent in both Greek literature and modern scholarship alike. The fate of man after his/her allotted time has come to an end has a central position in poetry, philosophy and religion, often leading to questions and answers as to how one can best live one’s life, and how can one deal with the burden of mortality that is inherent in every human being. The Greeks devoted a considerable amount of their literary production in an attempt to answer these questions through a variety of different media, whereas similar concerns appear to have been at the core of the ancient world in general. This volume represents the first to examine the influences, intersections, and developments of understandings of death and the afterlife between poetic, religious, and philosophical traditions in ancient Greece in one resource. Greek thinking on death and the afterlife was neither uniform, simple, nor static, and by offering an examination of these matters in a properly interdisciplinary context this collection of papers aims to demonstrate the full richness, complexity, and flexibility of these ideas in the ancient Greek world, and illuminate how freely writers from various genres drew inspiration from each other’s thinking concerning eschatological matters.
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Varden, Helga. Sex, Love, and Gender. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812838.001.0001.
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This book provides a comprehensive account of sex, love, and gender—the first of its kind—by engaging a seemingly unlikely ally: Immanuel Kant. To date, no scholar has considered Kant’s potential contributions to such an account; nor is this surprising. Kant explicitly views sexual activity as inherently morally problematic, maintaining as ethically permissible only heterosexual procreative sexual activity within the confines of legal marriage. Kant’s comments on sex, love, and gender are also diffused throughout his practical works—from his works on ethics and legal-political thought, to his works on aesthetics, teleology, history, religion, and anthropology—presenting a textual and philosophical obstacle to reconciling his accounts of human nature and of human rights and freedom into an integrated whole. Sex, Love, and Gender—A Kantian Theory takes on these challenges. It offers an innovative interpretation of Kant’s account of sex, love, and gender, which shows how his disparate references can be seen as parts of one coherent philosophical approach. The book also rehabilitates Kant’s theory by overcoming the philosophical mistakes and limitations of Kant’s own writings. The result is a philosophical understanding of the phenomenology of sex, love, and gender and core related moral (ethical and legal) issues such as sexual orientation, abortion, sexual or gender identity, marriage, erotica, sexual oppression, and trade in sexual services.
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Orkaby, Asher. Beyond the Arab Cold War. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190618445.001.0001.
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Beyond the Arab Cold War brings the Yemen Civil War (1962–68) to the forefront of modern Middle East history, in a comprehensive account that features multilingual and multinational archives and oral histories. Throughout six years of major conflict Yemen sat at the crossroads of regional and international conflict as dozens of countries, international organizations, and individuals intervened in the local South Arabian civil war. Yemen was a showcase for a new era of UN and Red Cross peacekeeping, clandestine activity, Egypt’s counterinsurgency, and one of the first large-scale uses of poison gas since World War I. Events in Yemen were not dominated by a single power, nor were they sole products of US-Soviet or Saudi-Egyptian Arab Cold War rivalry. Rather, during the 1960s Yemen was transformed into an arena of global conflict whose ensuing chaos tore down the walls of centuries of religious rule and isolation and laid the groundwork for the next half century of Yemeni history. The end of the Yemen Civil War marked the end of both Egyptian President Nasser’s Arab nationalist colonial expansion and the British Empire in the Middle East, two of the most dominant regional forces. The legacy of the eventual northern tribal defeat and the compromised establishment of a weak and decentralized republic are at the core of modern-day conflicts in South Arabia.
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Borrás, Susana, et Charles Edquist. Holistic Innovation Policy. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809807.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This book is about holistic innovation policy: its theoretical foundations, its problem-oriented approach, and its instrument choices. We start with the observation that most of the current innovation policies are not holistic because they only focus on a few determinants of innovation processes. This book provides a theoretically anchored foundation for the design of holistic innovation policy by identifying the core policy problems that tend to afflict the activities of innovation systems, including the unintended consequences of policy itself. This is a necessary stepping stone for the identification of viable, relevant, and down-to-earth policy solutions. The book also offers a critical analysis of policy instruments and their choice in innovation policy design. It is not a ‘recipe’ nor a ‘how-to’ guide. Instead, it provides analytical depth and substantial considerations about the ways in which policy might be providing solutions to problems in systems of innovation. After introducing its conceptual framework about innovation and innovation policy, the book delves into the following areas of innovation policy-making: knowledge production and research and development; education, training, and skills development; functional procurement as demand-side; change of organizations through entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship; interaction and innovation networks; changing institutions and regulations; and the public financing of early stage innovations. Its critical and novel perspective serves policy-makers, scholars, and anyone interested in the design of innovation policy. The summary chapter (Chapter 12) can be read independently of the rest of the book.
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Lake, Peter, et Michael Questier. All Hail to the Archpriest. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840343.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This volume revisits the debates and disputes known collectively in the literature on late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century England as the ‘Archpriest Controversy’. We argue that this was an extraordinary instance of the conduct of contemporary public politics and that, in its apparent strangeness, it is in fact a guide to the ways in which contemporaries negotiated the unstable later Reformation settlement in England. The published texts which form the core of the arguments involved in this debate survive, as do several caches of manuscript material generated by the dispute. Together they tell us a good deal about the aspirations of the writers and the networks that they inhabited. They also allow us to retell the progress of the dispute both as a narrative and as an instance of contemporary public argument about topics such as the increasingly imminent royal succession, late Elizabethan puritanism, and the function of episcopacy. Our contention is that, if one takes this material seriously, it is very hard to sustain standard accounts of the accession of James VI in England as part of an almost seamless continuity of royal government, contextualized by a virtually untroubled and consensus-based Protestant account of the relationship between Church and State. Nor is it possible to maintain that by the end of Elizabeth’s reign the fraction of the national Church, separatist and otherwise, which regarded itself or was regarded by others as Catholic had been driven into irrelevance.
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Menon, Vinod. Arithmetic in the Child and Adult Brain. Sous la direction de Roi Cohen Kadosh et Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.041.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This review examines brain and cognitive processes involved in arithmetic. I take a distinctly developmental perspective because neither the cognitive nor the brain processes involved in arithmetic can be adequately understood outside the framework of how developmental processes unfold. I review four basic neurocognitive processes involved in arithmetic, highlighting (1) the role of core dorsal parietal and ventral temporal-occipital cortex systems that form basic building blocks from which number form and quantity representations are constructed in the brain; (2) procedural and working memory systems anchored in the basal ganglia and frontoparietal circuits, which create short-term representations that allow manipulation of multiple discrete quantities over several seconds; (3) episodic and semantic memory systems anchored in the medial and lateral temporal cortex that play an important role in long-term memory formation and generalization beyond individual problem attributes; and (4) prefrontal cortex control processes that guide allocation of attention resources and retrieval of facts from memory in the service of goal-directed problem solving. Next I examine arithmetic in the developing brain, first focusing on studies comparing arithmetic in children and adults, and then on studies examining development in children during critical stages of skill acquisition. I highlight neurodevelopmental models that go beyond parietal cortex regions involved in number processing, and demonstrate that brain systems and circuits in the developing child brain are clearly not the same as those seen in more mature adult brains sculpted by years of learning. The implications of these findings for a more comprehensive view of the neural basis of arithmetic in both children and adults are discussed.
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Nielsen, Philipp. Between Heimat and Hatred. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190930660.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This book studies German Jews involved in ventures that were from the beginning, or became increasingly, of the Right. Jewish agricultural settlement, Jews’ participation in the so-called Defense of Germandom in the East, their place in military and veteran circles, and finally right-of-center politics form the core of this book. These topics created a web of social activities and political persuasions neither entirely conservative nor entirely liberal. For those German Jews engaging with these issues, their motivation came from sincere love of their German Heimat—a term for home imbued with a deep sense of belonging—and from their middle-class environment, as well as a desire to repudiate antisemitic stereotypes of rootlessness, intellectualism, or cosmopolitanism. This tension stands at the heart of the book. The book also asks when did the need for self-defense start to outweigh motivations of patriotism and class? Until when could German Jews espouse views to the right of the political spectrum without appearing extreme to either Jews or non-Jews? The book builds on recent studies of Jews’ relation to German nationalism, the experience of German Jews away from the large cities, and the increasing interest in Germans’ obsession with regional roots and the East. The study follows these lines of inquiry to investigate the participation of some German Jews in projects dedicated to originally, or increasingly, illiberal projects. As such it shines light on an area in which Jewish participation has thus far only been treated as an afterthought and illuminates both Jewish and German history afresh.
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Turner, Martin R., et Matthew C. Kiernan, dir. Landmark Papers in Neurology. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199658602.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Landmark Papers in Neurology is a unique synthesis of expert opinion, charting the origins and contemporary development of clinical neuroscience. Through these important papers, covering a full range of neurodevelopmental, neurovascular, neuroinflammatory, and neurodegenerative perspectives, international opinion leaders describe the wider historical context, provoke debate, and inspire further reading. For each specialty, core findings are dissected across ten key manuscripts, and placed within a transforming neurological landscape, incorporating an extensive bibliography to guide further reading. Illustrations and figures feature throughout the text, with an opening chapter that focuses on the ten most critical developments in technology that have driven clinical advancement. Nobel Prize-winning research sits alongside less famous and, at times, seemingly controversial studies, which nonetheless provide key insights into shaping contemporary thought. This is a book not just for the historian, nor indeed the present-day neurological enthusiast, but rather caters for all those interested in the future of clinical neuroscience. provides an ideal primer for those beginning a career in neuroscience and also for the established investigator, searching for a broader understanding. Experts who think they have nothing more to learn from the past may find surprising reward in comparing their own list of landmark papers with the pearls described within. Landmark Papers in Neurology provides an ideal primer for those beginning a career in neuroscience and also for the established investigator, searching for a broader understanding. Experts who think they have nothing more to learn from the past may find surprising reward in comparing their own list of landmark papers with the pearls described within.
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Wiebe, Gregory D. Fallen Angels in the Theology of St Augustine. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192846037.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This book ventures to describe Augustine of Hippo’s understanding of demons, including the theology, angelology, and anthropology that contextualize it. Demons are, for Augustine as for the Psalmist (95:5 LXX) and the Apostle (1 Cor. 10:20), the ‘gods of the nations’. This means that Augustine’s demons are best understood neither when they are ‘spiritualized’ as personifications of psychological struggles nor in terms of materialist contagions that undergird a superstitious moralism. Rather, because the gods of the nations are the paradigm of demonic power and influence over humanity, Augustine sees the Christian’s moral struggle against them within broader questions of social bonds, cultural form, popular opinion, philosophical investigation, liturgical movement, and so forth. In a word, Augustine’s demons have a religious significance, particularly in its Augustinian sense of bonds and duties between persons, and between persons and that which is divine. Demons are a highly integrated component of his broader theology, rooted in his conception of angels as the ministers of all creation under God, and informed by the doctrine of evil as privation and his understanding of the fall; they take shape in his thoughts on human embodiment, desire, visions, and the limits of human knowledge; and they manifest most profoundly in his ecclesiology, through his theology of sacraments and religious incorporation, and its engagement with traditional paganism and its most intelligent supporters, the Platonists. As false mediators, demons are mediated by false religion, the body of the devil, which Augustine opposes with an appeal to the true mediator, Christ, and the true religion of his body, the church.