Thèses sur le sujet « Croissance urbaine – France – 20e siècle »
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Valy, Janique. « Croissance urbaine et risque inondation en Bretagne ». Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624646.
Texte intégralJulien, Philippe. « Des nomenclatures spatiales françaises : application à la mesure de l'urbanisation en France métropolitaine ». Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20064.
Texte intégralThe measure of urbanization in France between 1962 and 1999 gives the opportunity to show, in a first part, the forgotten importance of territorial nomenclatures. Somme territorial nomenclatures, which are used to examine the territory and its transformation, are called "knowledge zonings" and opposed to "power zonings" as French departments are. One of the "knowledge zonings" is, for example, the "urban areas zoning" (UAZ) which has just been created by INSEE (French institute of statistics) to take into account a new extent of the town, beyond the concept of build-up areas and "zones de peuplement industriel ou urbain" (French ZPIU), which are here criticized. The French "urban areas", which have been reconstructed back to 1968 in this thesis, remain insufficient to qualify the urbanization in France. So, other nomenclatures have been built here, also based on the travels to work, as the prolongation of UAZ to smaller towns, which enables us to follow small towns in the course of time. In the same way the "area of influence of the town" or the "area of strong influence of the town" fits better than the urban area to measure urbanization. A new method, called "constant geography / varying geography analysis" allows assigning the different contributions of the different territories of the town to the global level and to the global evolution. The use of miscellaneous nomenclatures helps to evaluate the importance of urbanization during the last five inter-census periods, the concentration as well as urban spreading or the demographic ranks of towns. Thus, the role of the territorial nomenclatures in these measures is obvious. Finally, as a matter of application, a study about the comparative demographic dynamics of French small towns and particularly those in Midi-Pyrenees is proposed
Ellerkamp, Philippe. « Etude de l'extension urbaine autour d'Avignon et de Montpellier de 1936 à 1999 par la simulation de dynamiques spatiales à l'aide de modèles cellulaires d'interaction locale ». Avignon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AVIG1022.
Texte intégralMauger-Fatome, Agnes. « Cherbourg 1720-1831 : démographie et croissance urbaine ». Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN1122.
Texte intégral8the history of cherbourg is characterised by its geographical position on a peninsula facing england, and by the interest shown by the great ones of the kingdom : dimplomatic relations with england shaped its fate in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Its population grouth followed the same pattern : it went through a decline in the wake of the destruction of the port and its fortifications by the english in august 1758. Then, from 1780 on, the huge maritime works undergone under louis xvi brought about a change in its population and the growth of the city which was then faced with an influx of rural people coming for the most part from the "clos du cotentin". This arrival of immigrants let to a switch in people's mentality and their attitude to demography : they learnt how to control births and to curb the death of childrens over 10. In that sense, cherbourg followed the same tendancy as the norman cities in the eighteenth century ; in that regard cherbourg's specificity did not constitute an asset in the charges that occured in the late eighteenth century
Cherqaoui, Chafik. « Etude urbaine de Boujad, petite ville traditionnelle du Maroc ». Nancy 2, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc469/1991NAN21009.pdf.
Texte intégralFarsi, Rachid. « Maghnia : croissance d'une ville frontalière algérienne ». Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070014.
Texte intégralThis shidy aims as shidying revealing the different caracterizing the growth of frontier - algerian city. As an ancient colonial center, maghniais a middle city an average city in the externe west of algeria, at the frontier of morrocco. The first part of this shidy treats of se city's environnement and history. It determines the geograpical caracteristics of the region and the importance of the irrigated plain the demographical growth of maghnia, in nfluenced by the two essentiel factors of natural developpement and migration. Had many positive results : a yonger population (61%) are in than 25 years old) and a much more dynamic society ect. . . The negative aspect are not less important : the growdthe active part of the population, the developement of joblessness, the increassing of the school staff, and a deficit habitation deficit etc. . . These aspects constitue the cincer of our second part they allow us tosee an inequal crowth between rural and urban populations. In the third part, we fry to analyze the economy structural of the and demonstrate the rowgh the comparisun of the job sitiation in the two sectors ( agriculture and industry ), their growth potential and the impact feach in the economic life. Finally, the last part deals with the ruban growth of a middle city and its regional role a deep analysisof the city's tole in both its local and regional spaces (humains flux, the origins of commodities etc. . . ) allowed us to detect its area of influence and to determine its role in the space structuring the its shidy of the urban tissu (composition of population) and the variability of the extension forms resealed enomons habit collective habitation and equipement problems. The urban space of the city is increassing hit in anarchy
Salama, Atef Hafez. « La croissance urbaine d'une ville du Canal de Suez : Ismaïlia, application des systèmes d'informations géographiques et télédétection ». Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040069.
Texte intégralThe treaty transferring the Suez Canal did require a development programme based on three points : perforation and opening of the Suez Canal to the world navigation, dispatching of the Nile water, and creation of railway lines to connect the canal region to the other parts of coastal towns (Port-Sai͏̈d and Suez) and a management one which gained benefited frim its central position. (Ismai͏̈lia). Within the birth and growth of Ismai͏̈lia, the environment did play an important role due to its geographic situation and to its both topographic and geological conditions. But types of sols and their occupation, and transport commodities with its formal and informal use did constitute main constraints to the growth of the town. From the political and economic contexts of the country, one can distinguish three phases within the growth of the town : the concession urbanism which son from 1862 to 1956, the unorganised growth phase (1956-1966) and finally the phase of town integration within the useful spare of Egypt (1978-2000). As we can notice, the second phase has lasted only ten years because from 1967 to 1973, Ismai͏̈lia was a disastrous town, damaged by the Arab-Israeli wars. During this war period, Ismai͏̈lia did even appear as a ghost and empty town, populations housing son away. But the 1978-2000 period can be considered like one of the town rationalisation and of ruled development through the adoption of a development programme on the whole region covered by the canal. As a result of the urban growth dynamism observed at this period, Ismai͏̈lia got structured and have quite become an agglomeration with diverse economics activities. She even turned to the most attractive demographic pole of the region. A demographic growth which has led to a high spatial pressure around the region
Bernard, Réjean. « Canaux de Paris et croissance urbaine : le cas de La Villette, 1800-1859 ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29367.
Texte intégralCantaroglou, Frédéric Louis Marie. « Le rôle de l'industrie dans la mise en œuvre de la planification urbaine et de la planification territoriale en France de 1850 à 1946 ». Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE29046.
Texte intégralMbaye, Khoudia. « Impact de l'agro-industrie sur le développement de la ville de Richard-Toll (Nord du Sénégal) ». Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010533.
Texte intégralParis, Romain. « Aménagement urbain, effets externes et prix du sol ». Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082085.
Texte intégralMelki, Mickaël. « Les interactions directes et indirectes entre idéologie et croissance économique : Cinq essais appliqués au cas français,1870-2011 ». Paris 1, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767439.
Texte intégralPuyau, Alain. « Croissance urbaine et politique municipale : l'image de Biarritz, station balnéaire (1831-1929) ». Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30010.
Texte intégralThis study analyses the genesis of Biarritz between 1831 and 1929 and focuses on the urbanization of the south west coast of France in relation to the development of sea bathing and holiday tourism. The urban growth of Biarritz, a site originally occupied by rather poor sailors-farmers, is so spectacular that one can speak of the birth of a “boomtown”. Indeed Biarritz, like Arcachon, develops in a rather rural area in less than half a century. This pattern of development makes Biarritz a sort of matrix for the “tourist fact” along the coast, granting neighboring towns with the economic benefits resulting from the influx of tourists, and implicitly encouraging them to invest in tourism. Economic prosperity gives mayors and local elected representatives resources significant enough to carry out the necessary investments. Broadly speaking, their program for the development of the resort is oriented more towards the maintenance and the functionality of the touristic space – the cleaning up and the lighting –than towards the increase of the clientele. This explains the role played by private operators in the promoting of Biarritz. As a matter of fact the reputation of Biarritz and of the municipal action is ensured with low expenditure by a popular imagery-the post card –and commercial products-travel guides and posters – which, in different ways, advertise the touristic facilities programmed and achieved by the municipalities
Kaboli, Mohammad Hadi. « Operational research on an urban planning tool : application in the urban development of Strasbourg 1982 ». Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057695.
Texte intégralSchwabe, Markus. « Eine neues Stadtmodell für die Postindustrielle Stadt ? : eine sozialräumliche Untersuchung französischer Städte ». Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010692.
Texte intégralAsanuma-Brice, Cécile. « La transformation de la périphérie urbaine de Tokyo par les organismes de logements publics ». Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0049.
Texte intégralIf social housing estates stigmatized some territories in France, it does not seem to be the same everywhere, Japanese, meanwhile, maintain an image of these rural areas. Japan has experienced the same economic cycles than France, we questioned about a possible gap between the formal reality related, or mass production of housing for population of workers that was set near production sites and the chosen image and collectively conveyed the same place. Through this, it will demonstrate that the image can have a territory is less tied to the land itself, the urban form, as current practices in this area, constituting culture of the place. Economic policies chosen after the war were able to play in this process, recovery images of idealized imaginary space to produce and to accept residents see, for extreme enhancement of the image of the place, to achieve that the resident calls himself spaces whose planning has motivated solely by economic return from that product. Urban planning rules and multiply generated prohibited in enclosed spaces inhabited security discourse without success to question the motivations behind these societal dysfunction. The Japanese government, not having been able to meet its objectives, decides to cease its involvement in the housing sector and financial disengages from 2005. The triple disaster (earthquake, tsunami, nuclear power plant explosion in Fukushima) experienced by Japan March 11, 2011 could generate a new commitment of the State of one of the roles is to protect its population. But the current situation seems to confirm the intent of a transmission role of the welfare state to the private sector
Sabatier, Benjamin. « Urbanisme et architecture à Rennes dans la première moitié du XXe siècle : de Jean Janvier à François Chateau, maires (1908-1944) ». Rennes 2, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/theseSabatier.pdf.
Texte intégralFrench cities experience deep changes during the first half of the 20th century, over the urban spreading through residential areas. Taking Rennes specifically into account, this thesis focuses on urban planning, as well as public and private architecture programs achieved in this city. The offices of two mayors and building contractors Jean Janvier (1908-1923) and François Chateau (1935-1944) are used as chronological limits. In order to understand the requirements at stakes, this work focuses on various protagonists (mayors, institutions, architects and building contractors), public contractor services and local authorities of social housing agencies. In parallel, the turn of the century has been marked by new reflections on urbanism. Lots of residential areas are built and play a predominant role in urban planning. At that time, the French urban planning known as the Cornudet law - established on 14 March 1919 - and imposed upon lots of cities, is adopted by the city of Rennes. In order to achieve urban planning, many public buildings (schools, swimming-pools, sport stadiums, day-care centres, public baths) are set up in suburban areas. Through the research on building permits, many kinds of constructions are therefore approached (apartment buildings, houses, stores and manufactures, parking lots) and adopt a regionalist, Art deco or modern style. Finally, this period is also marked by a social housing emergence. Local authority agencies and private businesses will therefore suggest ways to make up for the housing crisis
Bertho, Raphaële. « Paysages sur commande : les missions photographiques en France et en Allemagne dans les années 1980 et 1990 ». Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4050.
Texte intégralDuring the last two decades of the XXth century art commands for photographs of the land are coming up in increasing numbers in Europe. They are issued from the meeting of two historical questions, that of territories aiming at assertive representation and that of a medium, photography, seeking fullacknowledgement. This is why this research is organized along two main lines. One bears upon the political impact of an aesthetic trend, the other upon the influence of an aesthetic development upon politics and policies in the making. The phenomenon was first manifest in France, with the DATAR photographic mission, perceived as a paradigmatic model. The analysis of the missions which developed over the territory of former Eastern Germany allows for an historical counterpoint and introduces a viewpoint free from hexagonal limits. This brings to light the fact that the photographic mission issue, so firmly outlined in the French context, is likewise approached in different European countries as the key relationship between questions pertaining to land, and to photography. After-war economical and social change, the development of cities and infrastructures, together with the de-industrialization effects have deeply modified those European territories whose identity was ill-defined. Photography has then been called upon by institutions to fashion up a new representation of the European territory, in the full meaning of the phrase. In the process, the medium has acquired official recognition and so entered the scene of contemporary art
Jambon, Yannick. « Les faubourgs des villes modernes en France (XVIe-début du XIXe siècle) : étude historique et géographique ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20101.
Texte intégralModern towns are generally pictured like a group of inhabitants enjoying common privileges and living behind fortifications. This simple definition sounds limited and restrictive. Indeed, at that time the urban territory was not limited to the symbolical limits represented by the fortifications. Morphologically, fiscally as well as economically, the suburbs were the natural extensions of the city beyond the original territory initially defined by the the plans of the walls. This doctoral thesis indeed highlights the study of these spaces which have been ignored in the historiography and thereby redefines the notion of the modern city in France
Guillevic, Catherine. « L'impact de l'implantation d'une ville nouvelle sur sa terre d'accueil : Lorient en Bretagne-Sud aux XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles ». Lorient, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LORIL163.
Texte intégralLorient, located halfway between Vannes and Quimper, was founded during the second half of the 17th century. Less than a century later it had achieved a major harbor city status. The basis of this growth stemmed from a royal decision to locate shipyards for the state-owned East Indian Trading Company, “Compagnie des Indes”, in the area. This was made possible by utilizing the local manpower and resources, thus encouraging the growth of the new town and its related activities. Much use was made of the locally available workforce, the local people’s maritime and agricultural knowledge, their material resources, as well as their experience in the surrounding environment and forests. The surrounding area was modified to meet the needs of this new city, starting with the coastal areas, and progressing inland. By altering the local area to support this growth, Lorient totally changed the local economical, social, cultural and political demographics. The change was so great that it impacted the whole region. The benefits of this new harbor city were felt throughout the whole surrounding area
Le, Goascoz Marie-Hélène. « La demande en logements : quels choix pour les acquéreurs de logements neufs : étude sur Rennes et son district urbain ». Rennes 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REN20008.
Texte intégralThe analysis of the demand for new lodgings in Rennes and its urban district finds itself within the framework of the right to lodging. We choose indeed to focus our interest to owner occupiers who wish to acquire a main residence for personal use. On a methodological level, in order to remedy the lack of existing procedure, the setting up of a questionnaire seems essential. Our main motives are to know the acquire profiles and their desires to buy so as to define the expectations and behaviours of the inhabitants of Rennes and its urban district. From the analysis point of view, it seems important to understand the reasons behind the demand and its means rather than the quantitative aspect of this demand. Moreover, a structural approach enables one to understand the part played by the housing producers in the organization of the supply and the setting of the demand
Tan, Lély. « La ville autoritaire : la métamorphose urbaine comme outil de légitimation politique : Shangai, (1990-2010), au regard du Paris du Second Empire, (1852-1870) ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0680.
Texte intégralShanghai, neoliberal example or sui generis case? Is Shanghai urban metamorphosis unique case in the world, irreducible and idiosyncratic model? No because Haussmanian Paris under the Second Empire experienced the same transformation. By comparing the two cities, we have elaborated a new city category: the authoritarian city. It is the result of a process by combining three factors: 1, Authoritarian political system 2, Modernization economic policy 3, Ambitious urban strategy. Within this context, the Authoritarian city has to be seen as a legitimization way for the political power. Unlike researchers who explain the Shanghai urban transformation as an endogenous phenomenon (Friedmann 2006, Logan et Fainstein (dir), 2010) or a number of others who estimate it as a result of Chinese market liberalization, we advocate a more comprehensive overview. The Authoritarian model is taken account Chinese characteristics and place Shanghai urban path as a “more ordinary city”. Because temporary aspect Is essential in our framework and because contexts are parts of the Authoritarian city, we deliberately use process approach (Mendes et al. 2013). The phenomenon is a whole process and cannot be separated from the economical, political or social contexts
Vacchiani-Marcuzzo, Céline. « Mondialisation et système de villes : les entreprises étrangères et l'évolution des agglomérations sud-africaines ». Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011351.
Texte intégralDans les délimitations bien précises des agglomérations fonctionnelles, que nous avons constituées pour dix dates sur toute la période 1901-2001, nous mettons en évidence une croissance urbaine distribuée (processus de Gibrat), analogue à celle observée pour d'autres systèmes de villes et qui fait suite au processus de colonisation du territoire par les villes, observé jusque vers la fin du XIXe siècle. Cette modalité d'urbanisation fait de l'Afrique du Sud un des pays africains les plus avancés dans la transition urbaine (avec quelques 307 agglomérations urbaines en 2001).
L'internationalisation économique des villes est ensuite analysée, sur le temps long, par le biais des IDE (échantillon de 2751 entreprises étrangères en 2003) afin de mettre en évidence les reconfigurations spatiales, les dynamiques de concentration, d'accentuation des disparités ou au contraire de rattrapage entre les villes.
Au stade actuel du processus, en dépit d'une insertion ancienne du pays dans les échanges internationaux, les stratégies de localisation des entreprises étrangères contribuent, comme partout ailleurs, au renforcement du niveau métropolitain (au profit de Johannesburg surtout) et ne produisent plus de spécialisation urbaine très marquée. Cependant, à l'échelon supérieur, de la hiérarchie urbaine les sélections des investisseurs analysées sur le long terme révèlent l'amorce d'une dynamique de diffusion et de rééquilibrage territorial, à l'avantage des grandes villes côtières et de leurs périphéries.
Le, Squère Roseline. « Une analyse sociolinguistique des marquages du territoire en Bretagne : toponymie, affichage bilingue, identités culturelles et développement régional ». Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00189245.
Texte intégralGardon, Sébastien. « Gouverner la circulation urbaine : des villes françaises face à l’automobile (années 1910 - années 1960) ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20049/document.
Texte intégralOur thesis investigates the expansion of urban traffic from the early 1910s to the late 1960s. Initially built around the case of Lyon, one of the major French cities nowadays, the study also refers to the situation of others places -namely Marseille, Lille, Bordeaux, Nice, Saint-Etienne and Villeurbanne- in order to further underline the specificities -or lack of- of the city of Lyon. Not only does it rely on municipal archives, but also on national and international archives and periodicals issued by either public authorities or private bodies. Two main themes of interest structure the dissertation: the social construction of a public problem and the related regulation of public intervention. We investigate them through the study of local, as well as national and international, debates over the place of the car in the city. By focusing more precisely on urban governance, we shed light on a « government by commissions » that creates spaces for the co-production of expertise and public intervention by various public and private actors otherwise isolated. Most interestingly, we found that both the topic –how to accommodate the car in the city- and its means of governance –which implication should follow from private as well as public actors- structured progressively through the twentieth century. The study of transportation thus works as a great lens to observe and analyze the reshaping of urban government around the themes of empowerment and governance, at the very heart of political science and public policy analysis
Schaffar, Alexandra. « Croissance et hiérarchie urbaines dans les pays émergents ». Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00861019.
Texte intégralAscoura, Ibrahim. « Zagazig et sa région : dynamique géographie d'une région égyptienne dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle, étude de géographie, d'aménagement et de cartographie ». Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040065.
Texte intégralZagazig, a middle city of the delta of the Nile and the capital of the province of arqayah, records a very high demographic growth in the second half of the 20th century. The remote sensing allows to emphasize this growth by a series of diachronic maps of the urban and peri-urban land use, and to quantify the process of urbanization of the rural space which resulted from it. The city, in addition, obtained many functions of commandment which shapes various areas of influence; the largest of them reaches the Mediterranean and the Suez Canal, while towards the south the influence of Cairo limits the extension of these areas. In a perspective of regional planning, it is suggested to modify the current administrative limits to adjust them to the living spaces of the population, and on the other hand, to freeze the peri-urban process of urbanization in order to protect the agricultural land by delocalizing all future growth of residential space to the desert margins of the delta, like what has been achieved, on a greater scale, around Cairo
Xu, Zelai. « Urbanisation et Croissance des Villes en Chine ». Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00266936.
Texte intégralNotre étude suggère que la Chine a connu un retard de l'urbanisation dû aux stratégies d'industrialisation particulières (biais de l'industrie lourde avant les réformes et industrialisation rurale après les réformes) et au caractère incomplet des marchés des facteurs de production (le travail et la terre, entre autres) ; les villes ne sont pas assez grandes pour exploiter les économies d'agglomération. Avec l'approfondissement des réformes économiques, la Chine doit poursuivre cette transformation structurelle rurale/urbaine car le développement de l'économie urbaine va constituer l'un des moteurs de la croissance économique du pays. Les politiques destinées à promouvoir l'urbanisation doivent consister à améliorer les institutions sur les marchés des facteurs de production, et à relâcher les restrictions sur la taille des villes.
Lapointe, Marie-France. « Une perception historienne contemporaine des grands travaux du Second Empire (1852-1870) ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24307/24307.pdf.
Texte intégralLuccioni, Jean. « Etude démographique économique et sociale de la cité de Toulon du début du XVème siècle au premier tiers du XVIème siècle (1535) ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3093/document.
Texte intégralThe maritime city undergoes the recession's trend of the 15th century until its inversion toward growth, a mutation due to the dynamism of Toulon drapery and shipbuilding. The high growth after 1517 is materialized by the reconstruction of the suburbs. The commercial options of traders, selling oil, sheets, hides and skins, boats and small ships on a wider market, will generate substantial profits. The councilors will gradually control the evills of the city : its deficiencies in cereals, epidemies of plagues and leprosy, threats of hostile fleets, debt after borrowing Florentine merchants in Avignon. An oligarchy of thirty families associating notaries and merchants, led the city during the last century of the middle ages
Querci, Joël. « Du réseau aux systèmes de villes : un siècle d'urbanisation indienne ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3064.
Texte intégralIf India is a predominantly rural country, its urban population is larger than the total population of the United States. Thus, at the end of the 20th century, the Indian urban phenomenon is already well developed, especially as it has a plurimillenary history. The presence of two disturbances have changed the urban logic in the 20th century and led us to question the resilience of the Indian urban system.To present the main mechanisms, we traced the evolution of the Indian urban system across the 20th century. To do this, we used a geographical approach by the population and a more historical one in complement. We emphasized the evolution of the urban hierarchy and that of the cities growth rates.After showing the existence of balancing mechanisms of the urban framework in the 20th century, we focused on the organizational and structural stability of the urban system. This allowed us to highlight the existence of dynamic classes in the urban hierarchy. Their evolution highlights the dynamism of the urban system in the second half of the last century and shows us the stages of its resilience
Touré, Abdoulaye. « Bamako : la problématique du developpement urbain (1883-1998) ». Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040245.
Texte intégralIn Mali today, there is an urgent need for the design and implementation of a town planning policy that would address the problems of land development, construction and housing. This urgency is recognised by all competency authorities, technicians and the people of Mali. When one observes the current state of Malian towns, especially that of Bamako the capital, it becomes obvious that the continuous neglect of the problem of town planning and housing, for the majority will exacerbate the current attendant social ills. Bamako is Mali's largest town in terms of built-up surface area, number of inhabitants, varied functions, and rank in the national economy. The city requires massive sustained investment and research in the different problems raised by its development are to be solved. The main gaols include : recognition of other a century of town planning, policies and practices by compiling the memory of town development operations and techniques; preparation of an inventory of town planning actors and their means of action by positioning them in their socio-economic context in order to study their evolution. The history of Bamako show three significant stages of development : the village, the colonial town and the capital of Republic of Mali. Each stage lasted long enough to leave its mark on mentalities, institutions and the urban landscape with conflicts and contradictions. Hence today, substantial portions of the village and the town co-exist with the modern Bamako. This superposition of successive stages raises structural problems for the urban landscape. Additional problems are caused by the city's geographical location (which makes it the hub of major communication networks) and economic reasons (centre of attraction for important functions). Indeed, Bamako attracts increasingly greater numbers of the rural population and this naturally raises numerous problems including that housing. The pressure has resulted in the uncontrolled expansion of the urban area and a breakdown in existing social fabrics. The problem is further aggravated by the relative population growth and (especially) the serious shortage of resources that can be allocated to facilities required by urban development. The proliferation of non-structured zones and the general deterioration of the urban area are naturally accompanied by increasingly inadequate utilities. It is now obvious that in addition to financial and human resources, a successful urban development programme will require a specific know-how which takes into account the needs of the people
Launay, Yann. « Les lotissements d'Orléans et la formation d'une périphérie urbaine (1875-1958) : processus d'extension, formes et règlements ». Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR2013.
Texte intégralThis dissertation focuses on the urbanization of Orléans’ (France) outskirts, from the 1870s to the post-war period, studied from a special analysis of scale, i.e. subdivisions. Analysis of mechanisms and forms of urban extension situates subdivisions in the city on a wider scale. It first enhances the close relationship that subdivisions have with the quartier Dunois that was planned in 1879-1880. In 1919, a French town-planning law named “Cornudet Act” was established. It appears that it had little impact on the construction of subdivisions. In fact, it is the implementation of town-planning for reconstruction and rehabilitation in 1949 that showed more its influence on the construction of subdivisions. Understanding the regulatory and legal framework can illuminate road system rehabilitation policy of the city and subdivision projects on a long-term perspective. It highlights the creation of urban landscape as well. This study provides new keys to understand Orléans’ territory: not only does it accounts for the actors’ roles and their practices, but it also provides new insights into urban and architectural forms that these people generated
Quadrio, Stéphane. « Cités : constructions, significations, appropriations, les aventures d'un mot et les divisions de la ville, Lyon, XIXe et XXe siècles ». Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0135.
Texte intégralThis thesis examines the links between the history of the french word "cité", the construction of four "cités" in Lyon, and the later interpretations of these projects and their name. It shows that the ways in wich cities and neighbourhoods are seen and represented are not static ; they are not built outside praxis that they would guide, but originate from within these praxis. The research suggests interactions between ordinary, professional and scholarly representations and questions the contribution of social sciences to the stigmatization of working class neighbourhoods
Frioux, Stéphane. « Les réseaux de la modernité : amélioration de l'environnement et diffusion de l'innovation dans la France urbaine (fin XIXe siècle - années 1950) ». Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00447952.
Texte intégralSéchet, Raymonde. « Mythes égalitaires et pauvretés dans le Maine ». Caen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CAEN1011.
Texte intégralPoverty in rich countries can't be understood without taking into consideration the spatial dimension. That contributes to reveal all that is hidden by the discourses that usually give the poverty the first place in actuality. The local approach of this subject in the Mayenne and the Sarthe shows that poverty which may be passed from one generation to the next can't be separated from the inegalitarian process which are set in the spatial spaces. Egalitarian myths and poverty in the maine attempt of social geography
Large, Pierre-François. « Sociologie d'un espace urbain : du marché au Forum des Halles ». Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070039.
Texte intégralThis research work is devoted to the sociological study of a Parisian site, namely the district known as "les halles", from the time of the very first market to an in depth observation of today's "forum des halles". It will first consider relevant architectural, political and socially historical elements in the development of this site, especially those concerning the construction of the Baltard pavilions, their destruction and the subsequent replacement by the present forum. Furthermore, this research comprises a thorough examination of the forum itself, including a description and definition of its users along with their utilization and organization of the area. In conclusion, it will consider the importance of the forum to the commercialization of urban Paris
Marot, Emeline. « Architecture civile et formation du tissu urbain de Châteauneuf (Tours) du 10e au 14e siècle ». Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR2018/document.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this thesis is to understand the processes of the urban fabric in the town of Châteauneuf, created in the Middle Ages around the St-Martin's basilica, near the city of Tours. The complexity and density of the settlement together with the diversity of the inhabitants make this place a preferential area in order to study urban fabric and relations between space and societies which created it. The architectural analysis of stone buildings, combined with other data such as historical sources, allows the creation of a typological synthesis of the medieval buildings but also the analysis of the urban forms and their evolution between the 10th and the 14th centuries
Lee, Jong Woo. « Un territoire de l’architecture : aMC et le renouveau de la culture architecturale en France (1967-1981) ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST1113.
Texte intégralThe research aims to understand the renewal of architectural culture, which occurred through the action of a circle of young French architects of the 1960s and 1970s. They have become the key players in the foundation of the Unités Pédagogiques d'Architecture and made the place of remaking architectural education and the birth of architectural research. Our research takes, as the main support of study, the architectural review Architecture Mouvement Continuité published by the SADG between 1967 and 1981. If this period corresponds to the life of the magazine, it also refers to the broad history of society and the contemporary architecture in France in the period of profound changes. Indeed, the main interest of the magazine is that his story is tied with external realities complex. In the middle of this cultural renewal, there is a reconsideration of the architectural object, even a redefinition of it closely related to the construction of the identity of those young architects. The episodes constituting the history of AMC illustrate the project of his actors to broaden the architectural discipline, giving a new legitimacy to the work of architect. This redefinition was done through historical researches – a review of the “Modern movement”, the history of social housing and early-urbanism in France - , in the close relationship of two poles that seem a priori opposed : "knowledge" and "project", whose productive mutual relationship is fundamental to the understanding this cultural renewal
Hernandez, Pulgarin Jose Gregorio. « Renaissance" à Montpellier et "refondation" à Pereira : invocations mythiques et conceptions du temps dans des opérations d'urbanisme en France et en Colombie ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1101.
Texte intégralMontpellier (France) and Pereira (Colombia) are two intermediate cities where large scale urbanism operations have taken place since the mid-twentieth century. In Montpellier, the urban development operation called Port Marianne, and Pereira the urban renewal operation called Ciudad Victoria, were made with the objective of solving certain urban problems, but also with the hope of radically transforming the economy of both cities. In this research, I propose to analyze the way in which these urban operations are presented as legitimate realizations by those who build the cities both materially and through representatives, that is, the city producers: city administrators, urbanists, architects, the press, etc. However, I do not intend to deal with technical, political or economic reasons that might legitimize these operations. I propose to analyze certain cultural devices that are put to work in order to demonstrate that these operations are necessary, or even more, indispensable. The devices analyzed here are two kinds. On one hand are the mythic, ideological, and identity devices that are put to work in order to demonstrate that the operation must take place. For example, an urban operation might be thought of as a source for the redefinition of the city identity that is consistent with the ideological expectations around interurban competitiveness. On the other hand, I propose to analyze the concepts of past, present and future time, the temporalities that are presented throughout the discourse as sources of legitimacy of urban operations. In this way, certain notions relative to time like those related to tradition, city crises, development, progress, or modernity, are used by the city producers to demonstrate that the operations must be done because they are consistent with the historic and temporal sense of the city and because they respond to the expectations of development. The comparison of the fictions created by the legitimation discourse of a cultural or temporal nature is done by using an analysis perspective that is close to Anthropology in conceptual terms, and an eclectic perspective of methodologies
David, Cédric. « Logement social des immigrants et politique municipale en banlieue ouvrière (Saint-Denis, 1944-1995) : histoire d’une improbable citoyenneté urbaine ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100094/document.
Texte intégralTerritory of industry and immigration, Saint-Denis is one of the symbolic places of the "banlieue rouge" (red suburbs) of Paris. After 1945, the housing shortage happening in France is worsened in Saint-Denis by the mediocrity of the old housing stock and by a population growth which leads to the spreading of immigrants slums. The communist municipality makes housing construction a central axis of its social policy, therefore becoming one of the greatest HLM (social housing) municipal agencies of the parisian suburbs, managing about 9 000 apartments at the end of the 1970s. Managing such an agency and the induced social mutations pose challenges that can be observed in the local archives. Among those, the question of the housing of foreign or (post)colonial immigrants is taking on increasing importance from the 1960s. Still below 10 % in 1965, the proportion of foreign households housed by the municipal agency amounts to at least a quarter of the tenants in the 1980s. The acknowledgment of their local membership, if not even of their urban citizenship, is at stake and appears to be highly dependant on economic, social and institutionnal constraints which weigh on the managment of a HLM agency in a working class suburb. The logic of a gradual and conditionned municipal hospitality is first of all put in a difficult position by the dissymmetry between supply and demand on social housing. From the end of the 1960s, during significant urban planning operations, the question is seen from the perspective of the immigrant settlement and its repartition in the agglomeration. A logic of "tolerance threshold" to the immigrants which is the origin of discriminations then begins to take place. It is relative since the share of housed immigrants is still progressing. Nevertheless, the important budget crisis which is striking the HLM municipal agency of Saint-Denis from 1974, combined with an advanced desindustrialisation, contributes to a sustaining contortion on the ethno-racial question
Rioux, Gabriel. « Le milieu de l'urbanisme à Montréal (1897-1941) : histoire d'une "refondation" ». Thèse, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5965/1/D2601.pdf.
Texte intégralRenucci, Charles. « Histoire politique, patrimoniale et festive de la mémoire napoléonienne à Ajaccio ,1806-1969 ». Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2024.
Texte intégralThis study of the Napoleonian memory in Ajaccio from the time of the Consulate to the Fifth Republic shows that a specific bond exists between the historical figure and the city. Beyond the various and highly visible marks that can nowadays be noticed in the fields of arts, urbanism or toponymy, it rests plainly on the fact that Napoleon was born in Ajaccio on 15 August, 1769.The city has never been a governing place, nor an Imperial residence or a place of highly symbolic value (such as military victories or defeats) ; it is simply is Napoeon's hometown and this implies that their relationship does not rest exclusively on Napoleon's destiny. To study this relationship, it is necessary to see how the myth, the legend or the cult of Napoleon have in the long run invaded the everyday life of the inhabitants of the city. Such a study must be conducted at various levels, including political, patrimonial or festal history, in order to find out how a Napoleonian memory grew out locally. The more we refine the study, the clearer it is that this memory bore a distinctive identitarian dimension ; Ajaccians could thus proudly proclaim their origins and at the same time feel fully French, just like the rest of the Corsicans. This identitarian dimension was palpable right from the time of the Consulate, and it was the ground on which this Napoleonian memory developed in Ajaccio, and became a long standing trait in the history of this city
Belkadi, Bedredine. « Morphogenèse de la moderne Abu Dhabi : ambition planétaire & ; obstination identitaire ». Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES1005.
Texte intégralThe first concern of our research was on the development process of Abu Dhabi, while the second was on the effects of the ultra-modernity on the traditional society. The first hypothesis rejected the idea that Abu Dhabi was the result of an excessive prosperity and technological progress adopted without thinking. We also discussed the idea of abandonment without resistance of the traditional ways of life and a depersonalization of the Emirati society. We have demonstrated that the Emiratis have managed to preserve their identity and have succeeded in reinventing themselves in an acculturation where the hyper-modernity was not just destructive. Finally, it was also our intent to highlight the efforts of governors to safeguard the cultural values and identity of a society originally Bedouin face to the modernization and globalization
Bellan, Katharina. « Marseille filmée : images, histoire, mémoires : 1921-2011 ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0208.
Texte intégralThis research proposes to analyse Marseille filmed, through a corpus of films that have been shot from 1921 to 2011, on a dual viewpoint combining the socio-historical and the aesthetic perspectives to moving images.This vast time frame (which spans almost a century) allows an analysis of the historical processes and memory constructions shaping the city of Marseille, based on films of fiction, documentaries and télévision productions. Focusing the attention on what is not visible at the first sight, the backgrounds, the details, opens to a research that studies the relationships between the city, cinema, history and memory
Zine, Mohammed Chaouki. « Pratiques, usages, situations : Michel De Certeau, son contexte et sa postérité ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10180.
Texte intégralThe historian, philosopher and anthropologist Michel de Certeau (1925–1986) stands out as a singular figure in the French intellectual landscape. The scope and depth of his work represent a decisive turning-point in the contemporary philosophical ideas. Though he retained the bulk of the teachings relating to historiography and mysticism, he introduced many philosophical and sociological themes to read the traditional and the modern world. Our work consists in examining the main idea according to which practices are customs or operations dependent on a situation. In order to do that, de Certeau uses a full array of notions such as the formality of practices, the strategy and the tactics along with other closely related concepts aiming at explaining social practices and what people do with the order proposed to or imposed on them. The purpose is to study the cautious and clever manner in which people bypass this order’s requirements in their manifold uses of space, time and memory. These rebellious customs are particularly expressed in everyday practices. This leads us to wonder how topical Certeau’s analyses are and how much they can affect today's reflections: what theoritical foundation is he relying on to study nature and the function of these practices? Have his reflections changed our approach to the social, cultural and political issues?