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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Crystalline Granite »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 4 juin 2021

Mis à jour le 1 février 2022

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Crystalline Granite"

Conliffe, J., et M. Feely. « Fluid inclusions in Irish granite quartz : monitors of fluids trapped in the onshore Irish Massif ». Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 101, n^o 1 (20 décembre 2010) : 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755691010009047.

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ABSTRACTFluid inclusion studies of granite quartz provide an opportunity to study fluid flow associated with igneous activity and post-emplacement fluid processes. This study presents new fluid inclusion data from the late Caledonian Donegal granites and Newry granodiorite, and the Tertiary Mourne Mountains granite in Ireland, which identify three distinct fluids. Aqueous-carbonic fluids (Type 1) have been recorded in late Caledonian granites with a significant mantle component (Newry granodiorite and the Ardara and Thorr granites in Donegal). These fluids represent late-magmatic fluids trapped at high temperatures (up to 575°C), and the ultimate source of these carbonic fluids is linked to sub-lithospheric processes during the Caledonian orogeny. The dominant fluid type (Type 2) in late Caledonian granites is a H2O+NaCl±KCl fluid which may be related to thermal convection cells around granite bodies and/or to regional scale influx of surface derived fluids at the end of the Caledonian orogeny. High salinity NaCl–CaCl2 fluids (Type 3) overprint quartz in the Ardara granite in Donegal, and in the Newry granodiorite, and are interpreted to represent basinal brines, sourced in overlying sedimentary basins, which circulated through the crystalline basement during a period of crustal extension (possibly during the Carboniferous or the Triassic). Fluid inclusion studies of the Tertiary Mourne Mountains granites have identified only Type 2 fluids related to thermal convection cells, consistent with stable isotope evidence, which indicates that this younger granite is unaffected by regional-scale fluid influxes.

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Lin, J. Q., F. Ding, C. H. Chen et T. Shen. « Zircon U–Pb geochronology, Hf isotope composition, and petrochemical characteristics of Paleocene granitoids in the western Gangdese Belt, Tibet ». Russian Geology and Geophysics 62, n^o 6 (1 juin 2021) : 666–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/rgg20194131.

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Abstract —The research team studied the petrology, whole-rock geochemistry, zircon U–Pb age, and stable isotopic characteristics of the Rongguo Longba and Garongcuo granites of the Nuocang area to understand better the impact of Neo-Tethys ocean subduction and In-dia–Eurasia continental collision on Paleocene tectonomagmatic processes along the southern margin of the Gangdese Belt. The Rongguo Longba granite and Garongcuo granite porphyry formed at 61.86 and 62.17 Ma, respectively. The Nuocang granitoids are characterized by (1) high SiO2, NaO2, and Al2O3 contents and low FeOtot, MgO, and TiO2 contents; (2) LREE and LILE enrichment and HREE and HFSE (Nb, P, and Ti) depletion; and (3) obvious negative Eu anomalies. These features indicate that the Nuocang granites are of the high-K calc-alkaline and peraluminous granite types. Furthermore, their zircon Hf isotope characteristics suggest that the magma source region has an ancient crystalline basement. The basaltic andesitic crystal tuff is the product of garnet–peridotite partial melting and crust contamination from rising magma emplacement.

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Petrov, V. A., M. Lespinasse, V. V. Poluektov, S. A. Ustinov et V. A. Minaev. « Scale effect in a fluid-conducting fault network ». Геология рудных месторождений 61, n^o 4 (13 août 2019) : 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016-77706143-14.

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The data presented in the article consistently outlines the methodology for studying the orientation and morphogenetic characteristics of fracture systems of four scale levels including kilometers, meters, centimeters and millimeters. The Urtuisky granite massif, located in the South-Eastern Transbaikalia to the west of the Streltsovsky caldera, containing uranium deposits unique in their reserves was chosen as the object of the research. The massif is composed of Late Riphean granites and granite-gneisses, affected by dynamometamorphic and hydrothermal-metasomatic transformations in various degrees, and dissected by numerous faults with traces of fluid activity of various tectogenesis episodes. The interrelation between such geometrical parameters of fractures systems as specific density and specific length was established. It is shown that such geostructural data should be used for conceptual and numerical modeling of fluid filtration and radionuclides transport processes occurring in a three-dimensional fractured-pore space of crystalline rocks, as applied to the reconstruction and modeling of uranium ore formation and use of geological space for radioactive materials isolation.

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Blum, Joel D. « A petrologic and Rb–Sr isotopic study of intrusive rocks near Fairbanks, Alaska ». Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22, n^o 9 (1 septembre 1985) : 1314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e85-135.

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Epizonal granodiorite and granite plutons intrude the northwestern portion of the Yukon Crystalline Terrane near Fairbanks, Alaska. Mineralogic, major-oxide, and trace-element studies indicate that the plutons represent a comagmatic fractionation suite. A Rb–Sr whole-rock isochron for one pluton yields an age of 90.9 ± 0.9 Ma, in agreement with previous K–Ar dating of biotite and hornblende and an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.71238 ± 0.00014. The elevated initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio suggests that the plutons may have had a different source from that of the belt of subduction-related, mid-Cretaceous plutonic rocks found farther to the southeast in the Yukon Crystalline Terrane. In contrast, they appear to have been formed at least in part by anatectic melting of Late Proterozoic or early Paleozoic crustal rocks. Comparison of aplite dike compositions with the synthetic granite system, estimates of average uplift rate, and K–Ar cooling ages of surrounding schists all indicate that the magmas that formed the plutons near Fairbanks intruded much higher into the crust after anatectic melting and crystallized at a relatively shallow depth of 3–5 km.

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Kang, Jun Feng, Jin Shu Cheng, Jing Wang, Yan Sheng Hou et Shao Yang Qian. « Preparation and Properties of CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ Glass-Ceramics from Granite Wastes ». Materials Science Forum 890 (mars 2017) : 312–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.890.312.

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Granite process industry generates a large amount of wastes, which pollute and damage the environment. This work aims to investigate the possibilities of using the granite sawing wastes in the production of glass-ceramics. Granite wastes with other components were used to prepare glass-ceramics. The crystallization behavior and properties of the glass-ceramics were investigated. The results showed that the activation energy for crystallization (Ec) was 463 kJ/mol and Avrami parameter (n) was 2.68, suggested a two dimension crystal growth mechanism. The main crystalline phase of all the obtained glass-ceramics was diopside. With the increase of heat treatment temperature, the diffraction peak intensity of diopside firstly increased and then decreased slightly. The minor crystalline phases spinel and Mg4Al2Ti9O25 were observed above 970°C. When heated at 970 °C for 1h, the sample exhibited the highest Vicker's hardness and bending strength values, 7.3 GPa and 151 MPa, respectively. And the glass-ceramics showed better acid resistant than alkali resistant.

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Stepanyuk, L. M., N. M. Konoval, O. B. Visotskiy, T. I. Dovbush et O. V. Bilan. « Uranium-lead age of granites Chigirin massif ». Geochemistry and ore formation 41 (2020) : 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/gof.2020.41.077.

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The age of granites of the Chyhyryn massif – 2040.0 ± 1.1 million years – was determined by the uranium-lead isotope method for accessory monazite. According to the results of mineral studies of zircon crystals, the conclusion that granites this mass, as well as granitoids of Novoukrainsky, is formed due to the crust, which indicates the presence of relict nuclei of substrate rocks in the middle of the crystals of this mineral. It is proposed to combine in one (for example, Kropyvnytskyi) complex All two-field spar granitoids of the Ingul megablock, leaving in the composition of the new Ukrainian just gabbroids, intrusive nature and a deep source that does not create doubts. The Chyhyryn massif has an area of over 3,500 km2, located in the northern part of the Ingul megablock. The main volume of rocks that make up the array is occupied by granites, which in their composition correspond to the granites of the Kirovograd complex. According to structural features, trachytoid and porphyritic granites differ among them, and biotite and garnet-biotite granites differ in composition. The inclusions are usually represented by a microcline (occupying 40-50% of the rock volume), having a tabular shape, 3-8 mm in size, which often contain small inclusions of quartz and plagioclase. Large plate crystals of the microcline are often crushed from the edges. In addition to the microcline, plagioclase crystalline crystals up to 5 mm in size occur in areas. Porphyry-like granites of the Chyhyryn massif, common within the Golovkivsky quarry. Monocytes from biotite granite were dated to determine the time of formation of the Chyhyryn massif. Granite was selected in the Golovkivsky quarry, located south of the village. Skelivka.

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Zhao, Chuntao, Jinggui Sun, Yang Liu, Xiaolei Chu, Zhikai Xu, Jilong Han, Wenqing Li, Liang Ren et Chenglin Bai. « Constraints of magmatism on the Ergu Fe–Zn polymetallic metallogenic system in the central Lesser Xing’an Range, NE China : evidence from geochronology, geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopes ». Geological Magazine 158, n^o 10 (23 juillet 2021) : 1862–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756821000479.

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AbstractThe medium-sized Ergu Fe–Zn polymetallic skarn deposit is located in the central Lesser Xing’an Range, NE China. The ore bodies are mainly hosted in the contact zone between granodiorite intrusions and lower Cambrian dolomitic crystalline limestones or skarns. To reveal the magmatic influence on the mineralization, resource potential and metallogenic geodynamic process of this deposit, a systematic study of the geology, petrology, zircon U–Pb dating, element geochemistry, amphibole geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopes of the Ergu deposit intrusives was conducted. The results show the following: (1) The major rock types in the mine area are medium-grained granodiorite and porphyritic granite, and the rock related to mineralization is medium-grained granodiorite. Zircon U–Pb dating suggests that the granodiorite and porphyritic granite formed at 181.9–183.8 Ma and 182.7 Ma, respectively. Thus, an Early Jurassic magmatic event led to the formation of the Ergu deposit. (2) The granodiorite and porphyritic granite are high-K calc-alkaline I-type granites that formed by comagmatic evolution with varying degrees of fractional crystallization and were likely derived from partial melting of the lower crust. The Ergu deposit occurred in an active continental-margin tectonic setting. (3) The high water content (5.69 wt % H2O), high oxygen fugacity (ΔFMQ = +1.75 to +1.82) and intermediate-plutonic emplacement (3.13 km) of the granodioritic magma are key factors in the formation of the Ergu deposit. The porphyry granite is characterized by high water content (>4 wt % H2O), reduced oxygen fugacity (ΔFMQ = −0.47) and shallow emplacement (<3 km).

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Schofield, David I., et Richard S. D'Lemos. « Granite petrogenesis in the Gander Zone, NE Newfoundland : mixing of melts from multiple sources and the role of lithospheric delamination ». Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37, n^o 4 (3 avril 2000) : 535–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e99-116.

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Silurian to Devonian granites within the Gander Zone of the Appalachian Central Mobile Belt in northeastern Newfoundland formed adjacent to the former Gondwanan continental margin following terminal closure of the Iapetus Ocean. Comparison of geochemical and isotopic characteristics of the granites with their host migmatites and metasediments, amphibolite, and orthogneiss constrain their potential source. Nd and Sr isotopic compositions indicate that no single source or binary mixing product could have produced the granites. Instead, we show that they result from multicomponent mixing involving a contribution from unexposed crystalline basement, mantle or underplate, and variable contamination by supracrustal host rocks. The timing and composition of granite magmatism do not exhibit collisional orogenic, subduction-related, or continental rifting characteristics. Hence, we relate magmatism to lithospheric melting following delamination of an orogenic keel. This process provides the influx of mantle-derived magma into fertile crust and hence promotes lower crustal melting and primary magma mixing.

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Goode, A. J. J., et R. J. Merriman. « Evidence of crystalline basement west of the Land's End granite, Cornwall ». Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 98, n^o 1 (janvier 1987) : 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-7878(87)80016-0.

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Guillot, François, Olivier Averbuch, Michel Dubois, Cyril Durand, Pierre Lanari et Arnaud Gauthier. « Zircon age of vaugnerite intrusives from the Central and Southern Vosges crystalline massif (E France) : contribution to the geodynamics of the European Variscan belt ». BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 191 (2020) : 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2020027.

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To provide a better picture of the active geodynamics along the Variscan suture zones during the late collisional stage (particularly regarding the evolution of the orogenic system towards HT conditions), we focused here on vaugnerites, which consist of mafic ultra-potassic magmatic rocks, intrusive into the granite-gneiss sequences of the Variscan Vosges crystalline massif. Those rocks, though subordinate in volume, are frequently associated with late-collisional granites. In the Central-Southern Vosges, they appear either as (1) pluton margin of the Southern Vosges Ballons granite complex or (2) composite dykes intrusive into migmatite and metamorphic sequences classically referred to as granite-gneiss unit (Central Vosges). Both types correspond to melanocratic rocks with prominent, Mg-rich, biotite and hornblende (20–40% vol., 64 < mg# < 78), two-feldspar and quartz. Those Vosges vaugnerites display geochemical signatures characteristic of ultra-potassic mafic to intermediate, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous rocks. Zircon U-Pb ages were obtained by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Zircon grains were extracted from a sillimanite-bearing gneiss from the granite-gneiss unit hosting the Central Vosges vaugnerites. They yielded an age at 451 ± 9 Ma, indicating a pre-Variscan Upper Ordovician protolith for the host sequence. Zircon from the four vaugnerite intrusives display U-Pb ages (± 2σ) of 340 ± 2.5 Ma (Ballons), 340 ± 25 Ma, 340 ± 7 Ma and 336 ± 10 Ma (Central Vosges). Synchronous within uncertainty, vaugnerite age data suggest a relatively early emplacement during the Late Variscan collisional history (i.e. Middle Visean times). These results are in line with previously published ages from the Southern Vosges volcano-sedimentary sequences (Oderen-Markstein) and the nearby ultra-potassic granite complexes from the Central and Southern Vosges (Ballons, Crêtes) thereby arguing for a magmatic event of regional significance. Recent petrological studies on vaugnerites suggest that they derive from partial melting of a metasomatized mantle contaminated to some different degrees by elements of continental crust. We propose here that the major ultra-potassic magmatic pulse at 340–335 Ma is a consequence of a significant change into the dynamics of the Rhenohercynian subduction system below the Central-Southern Vosges. In the light of recent thermo-mechanical modelling experiments on mature continental collision, magmatism could result from a syn-collisional lithospheric delamination mechanism involving (1) first, continental subduction evolving towards (2) the underthrusting of the Avalonian continental margin lower crust and (3) the initiation of lithospheric delamination within the supra-subduction retro-wedge (Saxothuringian-Moldanubian continental block). This delamination would drive the emplacement of an asthenospheric upwelling, initially localized along the Variscan suture zones, and gradually propagating towards the southern front of the belt during the Late Carboniferous, as the delamination front migrated at the base of the crust.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Crystalline Granite"

Jones, Jay Walter IV. « An examination of scale-dependent electrical resistivity measurements in Oracle granite ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184887.

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Geotechnical characterization of crystalline rock is often dependent upon the influence of the rock's fracture system. To test ensemble fracture behavior in situ, a series of cross-hole and single-hole electrical conductivity measurements were made within saturated Oracle granite. The tests were conducted with a point source and a point reference electrode and employed electrode separations ranging from 8 inches to over 100 feet. A volume of rock approximately 50 x 50 x 150 feet was tested (as bounded by the vertical test borings). Analysis of the data in terms of an equivalent homogeneous material showed that the effective electrical conductivity increased with electrode separation. The cross-hole data indicate that the rock can be treated as a non-homogeneous, isotropic material. Further, the spatial variation of measured conductivities along a line can be fit to a fractal model (fractional Brownian motion), implying that the scale-dependence is a result of a fractal process supported by the fracture system. Scale-dependence exists at the upper scale limit of the measurements, hence a classical representative elemental volume was not attained. Two directions were taken to understand the scale-dependence. The rock mass is treated in terms of a disordered material, a continuum with spatially varying conductivity. First, a percolation-based model of a disordered material was examined that relates the conductivity pathways within the rock to the backbone of a critical percolation cluster. Using the field data, a fractal dimension of 2.40 was derived for the dimensionality of the subvolume within the rock that supports current flow. The second approach considers an analytic solution for a non-homogeneous, isotropic material known as the alpha center model (Stefanescu, 1950). This model, an analytic solution for a continuously varying conductivity in three dimensions, is a non-linear transform to Laplace's equation. It is employed over a regular grid of support points as an alternative to spatially discretized (piece-wise continuous) numerical methods. The model is shown to be capable of approximating the scale-dependent behavior of the field tests. Scaling arises as a natural consequence of the disordered electrical structure caused by the fracture system.

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Botha, F. S. « Ground water resource development in hard crystalline rock aquifers on the Nebo Plateau, South Africa ». Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312007-152347/.

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Himes, Scott A. « Self-Organizing Fluid Flow Patterns in Crystalline Rock : Theoretical Approach to the Hydrothermal Systems in the Middle Fork of the Boise River ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3363.

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The thermal springs along the Middle Fork of the Boise River (MFBR) within the Atlanta lobe of the Idaho batholith discharge in discrete locations that appear to be part of self-organizing flow systems. Infiltrating water flows through Basin and Range fractures to depth where it is heated and ultimately discharged at the intersection of trans-Challis oriented faults along the MFBR. Isotopic compositions of the thermal waters have a linear trend with elevation suggesting that the recharge locations are near each thermal spring and the hydrothermal system is not one large interconnected system, but rather multiple individual hydrothermal systems. Water chemically evolves along the hydrothermal flow paths dissolving feldspars and precipitating secondary minerals. PHREEQC inverse modeling of the chemical evolution based on identified minerals within the system predicts positive volume changes in the pore space within the hydrothermal flow systems can occur. Precipitation of secondary minerals is likely to occur in the cooler, subsidiary, less-efficient fractures of the hydrothermal system. Flow areas calculated using heat flow, exponential decay, and a combination of the two, show that the topographic watershed is inadequate to accommodate the water supporting the thermal springs indicating that water is being captured from outside the watershed. The positive volume changes coupled with the water capture is evidence of positive feedback loops are active within the hydrothermal system providing a mechanism for self-organization to occur in the hydrothermal systems of granite.

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Ghosh, Amiya Kumar. « Reconnaissance U-Pb geochronology of Precambrian crystalline rocks from the northern Black Hills, South Dakota : Implications for regional thermotectonic history ». [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1240007954.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Kent State University, 2009.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Feb. 12, 2010). Advisor: Peter Dahl. Keywords: Black Hills; Crook Mountain granite; Homestake gold mine; gold mineralization; magmatism; metamorphism; metapelite; g monazite; zircon; titanite; geochronology; thermotectonism Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-106).

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Berger, Tobias. « Fluoride in surface water and groundwater in southeast Sweden : sources, controls and risk aspects ». Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-52562.

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The aim of this thesis is to determine the sources, controls and risk aspects of fluoride in surface water and groundwater in a region of southeastern Sweden where the fluorine-rich 1.45 Ga circular Götemar granite (5 km in diameter) crops out in the surrounding 1.8 Ga granites and quartz monzodiorites (TIB rocks). The materials of this thesis include both primary data, collected for the purpose of this thesis, and a large set of secondary data, retrieved from the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co., the Swedish Geological Survey and the Kalmar County Council. A characteristic feature of the area is high fluoride concentrations in all kinds of natural waters, including surface waters (such as streams) and groundwater in both the Quaternary deposits (regolith groundwater) and bedrock fractures (fracture groundwater). A number of potential sources and controls of the high fluoride concentrations were investigated, including a variety of geological, mineralogical, mineral-chemical and hydrological features and processes. For the stream waters and regolith groundwater, high fluoride concentrations were correlated with the location of the Götemar granite. This finding is explained by the discharge of fluoride-rich groundwater from fractures in the bedrock and/or the release of fluoride due to the weathering of fluorine-bearing minerals in the Quaternary deposits; however, the Quaternary deposits had considerably lower fluoride concentrations than the underlying bedrock. The high fluoride concentrations in the fresh fracture groundwater (up to 7.4 mg/L) in the TIB-rocks are proposed to be the result of long residence times and the alteration/dissolution of fluorine-bearing primary and secondary minerals along the fracture walls. In terms of risk aspects, this thesis shows that fluoride can add to the transport and inorganic complexation of aluminium in humic-rich, acidic streams. Additionally, 24 % of the children in households with private wells in Kalmar County were assessed to be at risk of excess fluoride intake based on the WHO drinking water guideline value (1.5 mg/L). However, the risk increased significantly when instead the US EPA reference dose (0.06 mg/kg-day) was used, both when all relevant exposure pathways were taken into account as well as water consumption alone. Hence, it is shown that the risk of an excess intake of fluoride is strongly dependent on the basis for evaluation.

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Schleicher, Anja. « Clay mineral formation and fluid-rock interaction in fractured crystalline rocks of the Rhine rift system case studies from the Soultz-sous-Forêts granite (France) and the Schauenburg Fault (Germany) / ». [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975238027.

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Tumurkhuu, Gereltsetseg. « Geologický a geofyzikální průzkum kokonínského zlomu pro stavební pozemky (Jablonec n. Nisou, ČR) ». Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-345294.

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Radioactivity is an important part of the environment. In the years 2014 - 2015 a survey on medicinal radioactive springs was carried out in the Tanvald granite body. During extensive radiohydrogeochemical exploration in the surrounding area of Schindler spring, the outcrop of U - mineralization has been found at a new construction site in the Kokonín fault. It is possible to find "hot" pieces of uranium ore fragments in the quaternary cover in this place. The occurrence of the hydrothermal (vein) type of uranium in the Krkonoše - Jizera is new as it hasn't been mentioned in literatures before. After an agreement with the owners, detailed radiometric survey proceeded in the surrounding area of two affected houses by using gamma spectrometry and emanometry at the dense net. There is a wider area between two houses with activities of 222 Rn over 1 MBq/m3 and on the ore outcrop was measured 3.3 MBq/m3 . A quaternary solifluction flow with an increased radioactivity creeps down under the House 1. The highest uranium contents reached up to 291 ppm eU (= 3 595 Bq/kg 226 Ra) on the uranium ore lens outcrop. The average of gamma dose rate is 85,6 nGy/h with maximem 261 nGy/h on the outcrop. A further radiometric survey through the entire Kokonín fault line was carried out in an area of roughly 0.25 x 1 km2...

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Schleicher, Anja [Verfasser]. « Clay mineral formation and fluid-rock interaction in fractured crystalline rocks of the Rhine rift system : case studies from the Soultz-sous-Forêts granite (France) and the Schauenburg Fault (Germany) / vorgelegt von Anja Schleicher ». 2005. http://d-nb.info/975238027/34.

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Livres sur le sujet "Crystalline Granite"

Klar, Andrzej. Stochastyczny model krystalizacji granitoidu karkonoskiego z rejonu Szklarskiej Poręby. Wrocław : Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, 1986.

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Collins, Lorence G. Hydrothermal differentiation and myrmekite : A clue to many geologic puzzles. Athens, Greece : Theophrastus Publications, 1988.

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Scientific Working Conference on Oil in Granite (1997 : Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia), dir. Petroleum potentials in the crystalline basement : A preliminary report on the Scientific Working Conference on Oil in Granite held in Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia, December 18-19, 1997 : in commemoration of the 50th anniverary of the discovery of the Romashkinskoye super-giant oilfield. [Calgary, AB, Canada : Polar Pub., 1997.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Crystalline Granite"

Valley, J. W., S. C. Komor, K. Baker, A. W. A. Jeffrey, I. R. Kaplan et A. Råheim. « Calcite Crack Cements in Granite from the Siljan Ring, Sweden : Stable Isotopic Results ». Dans Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock, 156–79. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73452-6_17.

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Komor, S. C., J. W. Valley, P. E. Brown et B. Collini. « Fluid Inclusions in Granite from the Siljan Ring Impact Structure and Surrounding Regions ». Dans Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock, 180–208. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73452-6_18.

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Schulze-Makuch, Dirk, et Peter Malik. « The Scaling of Hydraulic Properties in Granitic Rocks ». Dans Hydrogeology of Crystalline Rocks, 127–38. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1816-5_6.

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Aldahan, A. A., K. Ramseyer, S. Morad et B. Collini. « Low Temperature Alterations in Granitic Rocks from the Siljan Ring Structure, Central Sweden ». Dans Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock, 209–16. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73452-6_19.

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Aldahan, A. A., T. Ericsson et B. Collini. « Mössbauer Spectroscopic Data of Granitic Rocks from Gravberg-1 Well, Siljan Ring Structure, Central Sweden ». Dans Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock, 217–23. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73452-6_20.

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Townsend, Gabrielle N., Roger L. Gibson, J. Wright Horton, Wolf Uwe Reimold, Ralf T. Schmitt et Katerina Bartosova. « Petrographic and geochemical comparisons between the lower crystalline basement-derived section and the granite megablock and amphibolite megablock of the Eyreville B core, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USA ». Dans The ICDP-USGS Deep Drilling Project in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure : Results from the Eyreville Core Holes. Geological Society of America, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2009.2458(13).

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Etlicher, Bernard. « French and Belgian Uplands ». Dans The Physical Geography of Western Europe. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199277759.003.0022.

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The French Uplands were built by the Hercynian orogenesis. The French Massif Central occupies one-sixth of the area of France and shows various landscapes. It is the highest upland, 1,886 m at the Sancy, and the most complex. The Vosges massif is a small massif, quite similar to the Schwarzwald in Germany, from which it is separated by the Rhine Rift Valley. Near the border of France, Belgium, and Germany, the Ardennes upland has a very moderate elevation. The largest part of this massif lies in Belgium. Though Brittany is partly made up of igneous and metamorphic rocks, it cannot be truly considered as an upland; in the main parts of Brittany, altitudes are lower than in the Parisian basin. Similarities of the landscape in the French and Belgian Uplands derive from two major events: the Oligocene rifting event and the Alpine tectonic phase. The Vosges and the Massif Central are located on the collision zone of the Variscan orogen. In contrast, the Ardennes is in a marginal position where primary sediments cover the igneous basement. Four main periods are defined during the Hercynian orogenesis (Bard et al. 1980; Autran 1984; Ledru et al. 1989; Faure et al. 1997). The early Variscan period corresponds to a subduction of oceanic and continental crust and a highpressure metamorphism (450–400 Ma) The medio- Variscan period corresponds to a continent–continent collision of the chain (400–340 Ma). Metamorphism under middle pressure conditions took place and controlled the formation of many granite plutons: e.g. red granites (granites rouges), porphyroid granite, and granodiorite incorporated in a metamorphic complex basement of various rocks. The neo-Variscan period (340–320 Ma) is characterized by a strong folding event: transcurrent shear zones affected the units of the previous periods and the first sedimentary basins appeared. At the end of this period, late-Variscan (330–280 Ma), autochthonous granites crystallized under low-pressure conditions related to a post-collision thinning of the crust. Velay and Montagne Noire granites are the main massifs generated by this event. Sediment deposition in tectonic basins during Carboniferous and Permian times occurred in the Massif Central and the Vosges: facies are sandstone (Vosges), shale, coal, and sandstone in several Stephanian basins of the Massif Central, with red shale and clay ‘Rougier’ in the south-western part of the Massif Central.

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Rogers, John J. W., et M. Santosh. « Creation, Destruction, and Changes in Volume of Continental Crust Through Time ». Dans Continents and Supercontinents. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195165890.003.0005.

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The low density of continental crust creates areas of land that cover about 25% of the world’s surface. The ultimate source of this crust must have been the mantle, but the mechanisms and times of extraction are not well known. Because the rate at which continental crust has been destroyed and incorporated back into the mantle is also uncertain, the volume of continental crust that existed in the earth throughout its history is highly controversial. We investigate these problems in this chapter, beginning with a discussion of how the wide variety of rocks that constitute the crust may have evolved from the mantle. The next section summarizes information on the rates of destruction of crust, which leads to the issue of changes in the volume of continental crust through time. We leave to chapter 4 the discussion of “cratons,” which are large areas of continental crust that became stable at different times in the past 3 billion years and then moved around the earth as relatively undeformed continental blocks. Cratons are commonly referred to as “shields” where their crystalline basement rocks are exposed. The discussion in this chapter and several later chapters requires some knowledge of the significance of isotopic information, and we provide a brief summary in appendix D. In order to describe continental crust and its relationships to other parts of the earth, we must start with several definitions. “Sialic” (Si + Al) refers to rocks, such as granite, that are particularly rich in SiO2, with Al2O3 as the second most abundant oxide; they are commonly referred to as “felsic.” “Simatic” (Si + Mg) similarly designates basalts and other low-silica “mafic” rocks. “Ultrasimatic” and “ultramafic” refer to rocks extremely rich in olivine, mostly different varieties of peridotite. Some sialic (felsic) rocks have high concentrations of large-ion-lithophile (LIL) elements, which are ions that are “incompatible” with (do not fit into) typical minerals in the mantle, including olivine, pyroxene, and calcic plagioclase. LIL elements include K, Rb, Ba, and U, which is coordinated with oxygen to form the low-density uranyl complex (UO2+2).

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Batra, Rishi. « Bargaining in the Shadow of the Law : A Classic Article with a Contemporary Challenge ». Dans Discussions in Dispute Resolution, 17–21. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197513248.003.0004.

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Bargaining in the Shadow of the Law: The Case of Divorce remains a classic of the dispute resolution literature because it stands for and crystallizes an idea that for us in in the dispute resolution field today now seems like a fundamentally obvious truth: that the outcome of private bargaining is impacted by the endowments granted to parties by legal rules. In this way, the article—aided by its excellent title—serves as a shorthand for those looking to communicate this idea....

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Grewal, J. S. « Political, Social, and Cultural Legacies ». Dans Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708), 239–52. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199494941.003.0012.

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A long struggle for political power that culminated in the establishment of Khalsa Raj in the third quarter of the eighteenth century was the most striking legacy of Guru Gobind Singh. Significantly, a wide range of literature was produced during this period by Sikh writers in new as well as old literary forms. The Dasam Granth emerged as a text of considerable importance. The doctrines of Guru Granth and Guru Panth crystallized, and influenced the religious, social and political life of the Khalsa. The Singhs formed the main stream of the Sikh Panth at the end of the century. Singh identity was sharpened to make the Khalsa visibly the ‘third community’ (tisar panth).

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Crystalline Granite"

Bertrand, L., E. Le Garzic, Y. Géraud et M. Diraison. « Fractured Crystalline Reservoir : a Field Analog Analysis on Tamariu’s Granite (Catalonian Coastal Ranges) ». Dans Second Workshop on Naturally Fractured Reservoirs. Netherlands : EAGE Publications BV, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20132004.

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Yoshimura, K., S. Sakashita, K. Ando, P. Bruines, I. Blechschmidt, W. Kickmaier, Y. Onishi et S. Nishiyama. « Study on Creating Hydraulic Tomography for Crystalline Rock Using Frequency Dependent Elastic Wave Velocity ». Dans The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7233.

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The objective of this study is to establish a technique to obtain hydraulic conductivity distribution in granite rock masses using seismic tomography. We apply the characteristic that elastic wave velocity disperses in fully saturated porous media on frequency and this velocity dispersion is governed by the hydraulic conductivity — this characteristic has been confirmed in laboratory experiments. The feasibility and design of the field experiment was demonstrated in a first step with numerical simulations. In a second step we applied the technique to the fractured granite at the Grimsel Test Site in Switzerland. The emphasis of the field campaign was on the evaluation of the range of applicability of this technique. The field campaign was structured in three steps, each one corresponding to a larger spatial scale. First, the seismic tomography was applied to a small area — the two boreholes were located at a distance of 1.5m. In the following step, we selected a larger area, in which the distance of the boreholes amounts to 10 m and the field corresponds to a more complex geology. Finally we applied the testing to a field where the borehole distance was of the order of 75 m. We also drilled a borehole to confirm hydraulic characteristic and reviewed hydraulic model in the 1.5m cross-hole location area. The results from the field campaign are presented and their application to the various fields are discussed and evaluated.

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Duro, Lara, Alba Valls, Olga Riba, Jordi Bruno et Aurora Marti´nez-Esparza. « Integrated Model for the Near Field of a Repository in Granite Host-Rock : Probabilistic Approach ». Dans ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40204.

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The application of probabilistic approaches to the performance of underground repositories for long-lived radioactive waste has received special attention in the last years. Numerous exercises have been developed in order to elicit the Probability Distribution Functions (PDFs) of the several parameters needed for these developments. Several integrated models allow the implementation of PDFs in the long-term simulations needed for Performance Assessment. In this work we present how the deterministic compartmental model for a repository of high level nuclear waste (HLNW) located in a crystalline host-rock has been modified to include PDFs for some of the parameters. The implementation of probabilistic approaches gives also information on the most influencing parameter on the migration of the different radionuclides from a deep repository concept.

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Sato, T., S. Mikake, M. Sakamaki, K. Aoki, S. Yamasaki, N. Shigeta et S. Takeda. « Underground Research Laboratories in Japan : What Are the Important Factors for Facilities Design ? » Dans ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4736.

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This paper describes the current status of two Japanese off-site Underground Research Laboratories (URLs) Projects, one for crystalline rock and the other for sedimentary rock. This paper is focused on mechanical stability and ventilation, important factors relevant to the design and construction of deep underground facilities. High-pressure inflow, another important factor, will be included in the URL project for crystalline rock. The site of the URL project for crystalline rock is located in Mizunami, Gifu, in the central part of the main island of Japan. The regional geology consists of the Tertiary and Quaternary sedimentary rocks overlying Cretaceous granitic basement. Surface-based investigations, including geological mapping, a seismic refraction survey and shallow borehole investigations, and site preparation at the MIU (Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory) Project site have started in 2002. Numerical analysis is carried out to understand mechanical stability around the openings. The ventilation system design is based on numerical analysis using a ventilation network model. Grouting against the high-pressure inflow is planned. Conceptual design for the MIU at present is as follows: • Two 1,000 m shafts, a Main Shaft (6.5m φ) and a Ventilation shaft (4.5m φ); • Two experimental levels, the Main Stage at 1,000 m and the Middle Stage, at 500 m depths. The site of the URL project for sedimentary rock is located in Horonobe, Hokkaido, north of the main island of Japan. The geology consists of Tertiary sedimentary rocks. Surface-based investigation phase started in 2001. Numerical analysis is carried out to understand mechanical stability of the openings, and to design support. The numerical analysis using ventilation network model is carried out to design the ventilation system and disaster prevention method. Conceptual design for the Hnb-URL at present is as follows: • Two 500 m shafts and a Ventilation shaft; • Two experimental levels, the Main Stage at 500 m and the Middle Stage at 250 m depths.

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Rudko, Georgii, Mariia Kyrilo et Maksym Ozerko. « MULTICOMPONENT DEPOSITS WITH BY-PRODUCT AS THE MAIN SOURCE OF FELDSPAR RAW MATERIALS FOR MODERN TECHNOLOGIES ». Dans GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/32.

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"Feldspar is raw materials with a growing volume of production every year, as well as a price for it. Feldspar consumption has been gradually increasing in ceramics, glass industry for solar panels, housing, and building construction. Feldspar raw materials include intrusive, effusive rocks, weathering crust of crystalline rocks, sedimentary altered and altered rocks, as well as partially medium and basic aluminosilicate rocks. It was defined an industrial application for each species of feldspar. Potassium feldspars (orthoclase, microcline, sanidine) are used in electroceramic, electrode, abrasive, and ceramics industries. For these productions, the potash module is fixed in a ratio of 2: 1. For some industries, in particular the manufacture of high-voltage ceramics, the necessary feldspars are as close as possible to pure potassium (with a modulus of at least 4: 1, which corresponds to 80% of the orthoclase component). Potassium-sodium raw materials, from a potassium modulus of at least 0.9, are used for building construction. Sodium minerals with non-standardized potassium modulus are used for the glass industry, the production of enamels, and products such as vitreous porcelain. Calcium feldspars, represented by plagioclase of higher numbers, have limited practical application and their presence in feldspar concentrates is undesirable. According to mineral associations, all types of feldspar raw materials can be divided into five types: 1) feldspar (syenites, trachitis); 2) quartz-feldspar (pegmatites, granites, sands, etc.); 3) nepheline-feldspar (nepheline syenites, alkaline pegmatites); 4) quartz-sericite-feldspar (shales, secondary quartzites); 5) quartz-kaolinite-feldspar (sands, alkaline kaolins, secondary quartzites). It is shown on the example of Ukrainian deposits of feldspar minerals that complex deposits with by-products become the main source for production. Especially if these are new mining operation facilities. The authors have identified three main types of such complex multicomponent deposits: 1) deposits of intrusive rocks where weathering crust of crystalline rocks are mined as a byproduct; 2) complex deposits, where feldspar rocks are enclosing or overburden and can also be considered as byproducts; 3) deposits where feldspar concentrate can be produced as a product of ore components processing."

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Nutt, Mark, Peter Swift, Jens Birkholzer, William Boyle, Timothy Gunter, Ned Larson, Robert MacKinnon, Kevin McMahon et Ken Sorenson. « Overview of the United States Department of Energy’s Used Fuel Disposition Research and Development Campaign ». Dans ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96190.

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The United States Department of Energy (US DOE) is conducting research and development (R&D) activities within the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) to support storage, transportation, and disposal of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and wastes generated by existing and future nuclear fuel cycles. R&D activities are ongoing at nine national laboratories, and are divided into two major topical areas: (1) storage and transportation research, and (2) disposal research. Storage R&D focuses on closing technical gaps related to extended storage of UNF. For example, uncertainties remain regarding high-burnup nuclear fuel cladding performance following possible hydride reorientation and creep deformation, and also regarding long-term canister integrity. Transportation R&D focuses on ensuring transportability of UNF following extended storage, addressing data gaps regarding nuclear fuel integrity, retrievability, and demonstration of subcriticality. Disposal R&D focuses on identifying multiple viable geologic disposal options and addressing technical challenges for generic disposal concepts in various host media (e.g., mined repositories in salt, clay/shale, and granitic rocks, and deep borehole disposal in crystalline rock). R&D will transition to site-specific challenges as national policy advances. R&D goals at this stage are to increase confidence in the robustness of generic disposal concepts, to reduce generic sources of uncertainty that may impact the viability of disposal concepts, and to develop science and engineering tools that will support the selection, characterization, and ultimately licensing of a repository. The US DOE has also initiated activities that can be conducted within the constraints of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act to facilitate the development of an interim storage facility and supporting transportation infrastructure.

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